microRNAs (miRNAs) are an extensive class of newly identified small RNAs, which regulate
gene expression at the post-transcriptional level by mRNA cleavage or translation inhibition. …

Seed plants have evolved mechanisms that maintain the dormancy of mature seeds until the
time is appropriate for germination. Seed germination is a critical step in the plant life cycle, …

Dodders (Cuscuta spp., Convolvulaceae) are root- and leafless parasitic plants. The
physiology, ecology, and evolution of these obligate parasites are poorly understood. A high-quality …

Drought and salinity stresses significantly altered microRNA (miRNA) expression in a dose-dependent
manner in tobacco. Salinity stress changed the miRNA expression levels from a …

The unique morphology of grass stomata enables rapid responses to environmental changes.
Deciphering the basis for these responses is critical for improving food security. We have …

How horizontal gene transfer (HGT) has contributed to the evolution of animals and plants
remains a major puzzle. Despite recent progress, defining the overall scale and pattern of …

Background Plant cell culture represents an alternative source for producing high-value
secondary metabolites including paclitaxel (Taxol®), which is mainly produced in Taxus and has …

Background Paclitaxel (Taxol™) is an important anticancer drug with a unique mode of action.
The biosynthesis of paclitaxel had been considered restricted to the Taxus species until it …

Background and aims As drought threatens the yield and quality of maize (Zea mays L.), it is
important to dissect the molecular basis of maize drought tolerance. Flavonoids, participate …

Instrumentation for flow cytometry and sorting is designed around the assumption that
samples are single‐cell suspensions. However, with few exceptions, higher plants comprise …