Papers by Philipp Brauner
Human-Technology Interaction
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Frontiers in Computer Science
IntroductionArtificial Intelligence (AI) has become ubiquitous in medicine, business, manufacturi... more IntroductionArtificial Intelligence (AI) has become ubiquitous in medicine, business, manufacturing and transportation, and is entering our personal lives. Public perceptions of AI are often shaped either by admiration for its benefits and possibilities, or by uncertainties, potential threats and fears about this opaque and perceived as mysterious technology. Understanding the public perception of AI, as well as its requirements and attributions, is essential for responsible research and innovation and enables aligning the development and governance of future AI systems with individual and societal needs.MethodsTo contribute to this understanding, we asked 122 participants in Germany how they perceived 38 statements about artificial intelligence in different contexts (personal, economic, industrial, social, cultural, health). We assessed their personal evaluation and the perceived likelihood of these aspects becoming reality.ResultsWe visualized the responses in a criticality map th...
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AHFE international, 2020
ABSTRACT Quality management is an important aspect of viable manufacturing processes. In order to... more ABSTRACT Quality management is an important aspect of viable manufacturing processes. In order to qualify decision makers to understand the fundamental principles of quality management in production networks, we developed a game-based simulation and learning environment that can furthermore be used to understand how human factors influence the quality of decisions in complex production networks. Previous studies have shown that underlying human factors must exist, that predict the players’ performance, but it is currently unexplored which factors contribute to high perfor-mance. To investigate these human factors in more depth and to further refine the quality management serious game, we conducted a series of studies. As expected, expertise had a great impact on performance. However, contrary to our expectations, cognitive skills had no influence. The refined decision dashboard with seamlessly integrated self-adapt-ing visualizations on key performance indicators had a significant positive impact on game performance. Most im-portantly, the studies suggest that the developed game is a valuable contribution to the vocational training of quality managers as the quality of their decisions is increased.
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Technology in Society
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Contributions to management science, 2022
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Contributions to management science, 2022
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Aging, Technology and Health
Abstract Based on the demographic shift and challenges resulting from the increasing number of el... more Abstract Based on the demographic shift and challenges resulting from the increasing number of elderly, the idea of a smart home, supporting its inhabitants in their daily life, gains importance. In this chapter we present two experimental studies that investigate health-supporting technologies integrated into a living environment. We discuss (older) people’s opinions about two ambient technology applications which are meant to support and accompany users in their daily life, and we examine to what extent they accept such technology in their homes. The results revealed that people are fascinated by the technology and indicated to willingly use it in the future. Serious games for healthcare are perceived as an entertaining addition with a high potential to retain physical mobility and the overall well-being of the inhabitants. In conclusion, we discuss the necessity of a user-centered methodology which integrates users in all phases of technology development, thereby contributing to a responsible research and innovation process.
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Contributions to Management Science
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The 18th International Open and User Innovation Conference, 2021
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ACM Transactions on Internet of Things, 2022
The Industrial Internet-of-Things (IIoT) promises significant improvements for the manufacturing ... more The Industrial Internet-of-Things (IIoT) promises significant improvements for the manufacturing industry by facilitating the integration of manufacturing systems by Digital Twins. However, ecological and economic demands also require a cross-domain linkage of multiple scientific perspectives from material sciences, engineering, operations, business, and ergonomics, as optimization opportunities can be derived from any of these perspectives. To extend the IIoT to a true Internet of Production , two concepts are required: first, a complex, interrelated network of Digital Shadows which combine domain-specific models with data-driven AI methods; and second, the integration of a large number of research labs, engineering, and production sites as a World Wide Lab which offers controlled exchange of selected, innovation-relevant data even across company boundaries. In this article, we define the underlying Computer Science challenges implied by these novel concepts in four layers: Smart h...
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Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2017
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Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 2018
The emergence of cyber-physical production systems poses new challenges for designing the interfa... more The emergence of cyber-physical production systems poses new challenges for designing the interface between production systems and the human-in-the-loop. In this study, we investigate how human operators interact with risks in a supply chain scenario. We varied the financial magnitude and the expected value of the decisions, the combination of two types of risk (risk in delivery amount and risk in timeliness), as well as three different task displays as within-subject factors. As explanatory user factors we studied the influence of Need for Achievement and the Attitude towards Risk-taking on the dependent variables task speed and accuracy. Results of the user study with 33 participants show that each of the investigated factors either influences decision speed, decision accuracy, or both. Consequently, the human-in-the-loop profits from adequate decision support systems that help to increase decision efficiency and effectiveness and reduce uncertainty and workload. The article concludes with a research agenda to support the human-in-the-loop in production systems.
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Advances in Manufacturing, Production Management and Process Control, 2018
Advancing automation in many technical areas (mobility, production, medicine, etc.) is accompanie... more Advancing automation in many technical areas (mobility, production, medicine, etc.) is accompanied by new challenges for the interaction between humans and technical systems. Trust in automation is a key element for the use of technology and for compliance with its recommendations. This also applies to decision support systems (DSS) in the production domain. These can make the increasing complexity of production processes and networks manageable but can lead to serious financial losses in case of error as well. The present study addresses the restoring of trust in those DSS after a failure. In an exploratory two-stage approach, interviews were used to identify user requirements for trust restoring measures, followed by a questionnaire study including a business simulation game to quantify those measures in an exemplary manner. Preliminary results suggest that trust can only be restored to a very limited extent by specific intervention measures, but that systems must laboriously rebuild trust by long-term error-free functioning.
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Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Information and Communication Technologies for Ageing Well and e-Health, 2017
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Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 2020
Maintaining good health gains importance, especially with increased life-expectancy. However, dig... more Maintaining good health gains importance, especially with increased life-expectancy. However, digitalization leads to more and more jobs that happen sitting down. So-called life-logging technologies, apps and specialized devices meant to record, e.g., steps and heart rate, can support people in staying active and, by extension, healthy. The possible motives behind their use are manifold, ranging from relinquishing responsibility to receiving ready-made visualizations for the recorded data. To understand which are the most important to both users and non-users, a MaxDiff study was conducted (N = 409). It was found that visualization was indeed the highest rated reason for using life-logging technologies. Interestingly, gamification aspects such as badges or competition were rejected as applicable motives. The results provide further insights into user requirements for the design and development of life-logging technologies.
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This work was funded in part by the German B-IT Foundation and by the German Federal Ministry of ... more This work was funded in part by the German B-IT Foundation and by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research as project “Intuitex” (Grant No. 16SV6264K).
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Even though carbon fiber reinforced polymers (CFRP) have outstanding mechanical benefits (low wei... more Even though carbon fiber reinforced polymers (CFRP) have outstanding mechanical benefits (low weight, high stability), the manufacturing process is fragile. Small variations in the process result in decreasing mechanical stability and additional production costs. This is especially critical for small lot sizes in which automation is not profitable. Instead, manual processes are required, which are highly prone to variances in process quality. As the quality control within the manual production is quite demanding, an assistance system is needed to guide workers and reduce the variance in product quality. Augmented Reality (AR) applications could be used to support workers during quality control. Yet, no empirical studies of the applicability of AR to support CFRP processing have been carried out. Therefore, we present an AR-based prototypic worker support system for CFRP manufacturing. Empirically, the influence of three different assistance modalities (auditory, visual, combined) and a control condition (no feedback) on quality control were investigated. In addition, the impact of workers' individual factors on performance was studied. Overall, the combined feedback worked best. Taking user factors and performance into account will provide useful guidelines for the development of a context-adaptive support system.
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Advances in Human Factors in Wearable Technologies and Game Design, 2018
A pronounced deficit of physical activity is one of the challenges in today’s societies. Lacking ... more A pronounced deficit of physical activity is one of the challenges in today’s societies. Lacking the minimum of activity recommended for a healthy lifestyle can be avoided by so-called life-logging technologies. However, usage is still low. To understand what factors contribute to an acceptance and use of these technologies, we conducted a quantitative online study with users and non-users. In total, 412 people have participated, 225 of them active users of life-logging technologies and 187 non-users. It was found that individual user characteristics shape its acceptance. For instance, the goals for possible behavior change, which the use of life-logging devices can support, differ significantly between users and non-users. Furthermore, the study reveals that factors such as age, motives for physical activity, and privacy concerns are key determinants for projected acceptance of life-logging technologies.
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Supply Chains and production networks are complex sociotechnical systems whose performance is det... more Supply Chains and production networks are complex sociotechnical systems whose performance is determined by system, interface, and human factors. While the influence of system factors (e.g., variances in delivery times and amount, queuing strategies) is increasingly well understood, the influence of the interface and human factors is currently insufficiently explored. Previous research has shown that decision support systems may help to enhance performance by improving the interface. In this work, we address the users’ trust in a decision support system. In a user study (n = 40), using a business simulation game, we investigated how four dimensions of attribution theory relate to trust in decision support systems and further to task performance. The results show that human factors, especially trust in automation and attribution theory relate to the performance in the business simulation game. We conclude that attribution relates to job compliance and performance in material disposit...
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Digitalization is changing the working world of tomorrow and complex decisions are increasingly b... more Digitalization is changing the working world of tomorrow and complex decisions are increasingly being made by hybrid teams of people and automated decision support systems. The interaction of user, task, and interface plays a decisive role, but is insufficiently studied, especially in the context of decision making under uncertainty, risk, and moral dilemmas. In this article, we present a web-based research framework for exploring this factor space with empirical user studies. The framework builds on a combination of tools for linking a user model, with the outcome of game-based decision scenarios, and the participants’ evaluations. To validate the framework, we conducted a user study with N = 64 participants and found that the system responded sensitively to factors from each of the three areas user, task, and interface. Consequently, the framework facilitates the systematic investigation of the factor space, the identification and quantification of relevant factors and the descrip...
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Papers by Philipp Brauner