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WO2016062192A1 - 电动铆钉工具 - Google Patents

电动铆钉工具 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016062192A1
WO2016062192A1 PCT/CN2015/091310 CN2015091310W WO2016062192A1 WO 2016062192 A1 WO2016062192 A1 WO 2016062192A1 CN 2015091310 W CN2015091310 W CN 2015091310W WO 2016062192 A1 WO2016062192 A1 WO 2016062192A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
planetary gear
motor
top core
gear
screw
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2015/091310
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
洪劲松
Original Assignee
洪劲松
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 洪劲松 filed Critical 洪劲松
Priority to EP15851835.7A priority Critical patent/EP3210690B1/en
Publication of WO2016062192A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016062192A1/zh

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21JFORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J15/00Riveting
    • B21J15/02Riveting procedures
    • B21J15/04Riveting hollow rivets mechanically
    • B21J15/043Riveting hollow rivets mechanically by pulling a mandrel
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21JFORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J15/00Riveting
    • B21J15/38Accessories for use in connection with riveting, e.g. pliers for upsetting; Hand tools for riveting
    • B21J15/383Hand tools for riveting
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21JFORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J15/00Riveting
    • B21J15/10Riveting machines
    • B21J15/105Portable riveters
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21JFORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J15/00Riveting
    • B21J15/10Riveting machines
    • B21J15/16Drives for riveting machines; Transmission means therefor
    • B21J15/26Drives for riveting machines; Transmission means therefor operated by rotary drive, e.g. by electric motor
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21JFORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J15/00Riveting
    • B21J15/10Riveting machines
    • B21J15/30Particular elements, e.g. supports; Suspension equipment specially adapted for portable riveters
    • B21J15/32Devices for inserting or holding rivets in position with or without feeding arrangements
    • B21J15/326Broken-off mandrel collection
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H37/00Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
    • F16H37/02Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H2702/00Combinations of two or more transmissions

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of mechanical technology, and in particular to an electric rivet tool.
  • Rivet tool is a special installation tool for rivets, including pneumatic rivet guns and electric rivet guns.
  • Pneumatic rivet tools have the advantages of fast and tensile force, but the hard requirement is that there must be a gas source. It is necessary to have a trachea connected to the gas source, the riveting noise is large, and the riveting tension can be made larger, but the volume is also increased, especially in the field; and the electric rivet gun can be used in the field because of the handheld power supply. The operation is therefore widely used, but the electric rivet gun has the following limitations, which causes great inconvenience to the operator.
  • the motor meshes with the motor meshing teeth without interference and without wasting space as much as possible. Therefore, the size of the motor is limited, and the rotational speed and power of the motor are greatly related to the magnitude thereof.
  • the motor is too small in torque and the power will be changed. Small, the motor is bigger. As the power increases, the motor shaft will also become larger, and the motor teeth will also be large, otherwise it will not be meshed. After the motor teeth are enlarged, the reduction ratio will be affected.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide an excellent rivet power tool which is designed with a hollow through hole on a motor shaft and a sun gear of a planetary gear reduction system, and a power motor assembly,
  • the planetary gear reduction system, the screw drive system and the rivet system are on the same axis, so that the rivet rod discarded after the riveting can be directly passed through the guide tube of the top core tube and the discharge tube to enter the set cylinder.
  • the tool is hand-held, designed to be ergonomic, and the connections are simple and reliable. Different tools can be easily adjusted according to the different rivets.
  • the rivets with small pulling force can change the design speed.
  • rivet power tool including cover, trigger, circuit board, nail barrel, riveting system, screw drive system , planetary gear reduction system and power motor assembly;
  • the screw drive system comprises a roller positioning block, a ball screw, a screw nut, a front bearing seat, a rear bearing seat and a connecting shaft, wherein the ball screw is a hollow structure, and the front end is fixed by the roller positioning block, The end is connected with the lead screw nut, the lead screw nut is disposed in the front bearing seat; the rear bearing seat is connected with the front bearing seat, the connecting shaft is fixed through the rear bearing seat and the screw nut; and the roller positioning block is disposed on the front bearing seat.
  • the power motor assembly includes a motor and a motor shaft, the motor shaft is disposed in a hollow structure, and a motor tooth is disposed at a front end of the motor shaft.
  • the planetary gear reduction system includes a rear planetary gear base, a front planetary gear seat, a sun gear I, a sun gear II, a planetary gear and an internal gear I, the sun gear I and the sun gear II are arranged in a hollow structure, the sun gear II There are three planetary gears III and one pinion gear. The three planetary gears III and the motor teeth mesh with the internal gear I. The internal gear I is restrained in the front planetary gear seat. The sun gear II is provided with three. Planetary gear I, three planetary gears I and pinion meshing; the rear planetary wheel base and the front planetary gear base are connected together.
  • the rivet system includes a gun head, an outer sleeve, a three-jaw, a clamping sleeve, a top core assembly, a top core spring and a spring sleeve, the outer sleeve being connected by an outer sleeve lock nut
  • the front end of the outer sleeve is provided with a gun head
  • the rear end of the gun head is provided with three claws
  • the three claws are provided with a clamping sleeve
  • the clamping sleeve is disposed in the outer sleeve
  • the three claw tail portion is provided with a top core assembly
  • the top core assembly is composed of a top core tube and a top core disposed at the front end of the top core tube
  • the top core tube is sleeved with a top core spring
  • the top core spring is provided with a spring sleeve.
  • the spring sleeve is coupled to the front end of the ball screw; the planetary gear reduction system is fixed by a connecting shaft and a screw nut; the power motor assembly is connected by a motor tooth on the motor shaft and a planetary gear reduction system; The rear end of the motor power component is provided with a collecting cylinder; the discharging pipe passes through the motor shaft and the planetary gear reducing system and is sleeved outside the top core tube; the outer cover is provided with a circuit board, a trigger and a stroke control board, and the circuit board passes respectively The control line is connected with the motor and the stroke control board; current overload protection can also be set on the circuit board; the sensor I and the sensor II are disposed at both ends of the stroke control board; the roller positioning block is provided with a magnet; the sensor is located under the magnet .
  • the rivet nut power tool has the following advantages and benefits:
  • the motor is basically unlimited in size and speed, the size of the motor can be changed and adjusted according to requirements, and the function of the motor is enhanced, Discharge of the waste shank;
  • the planetary gear reduction system has small volume, light weight, high load carrying capacity, long service life, stable operation, low noise, large output torque, high transmission efficiency (because the meshing area is large) , so the torque is large, the transmission efficiency is high), the performance is safe and so on.
  • the most important thing is that the sun gear is equipped with a hollow structure, which allows the waste shank to pass indirectly through it, making full use of all space.
  • the design of the reduction ratio of the planetary gear reduction system has been completely liberated, and the reduction ratio can be designed according to the requirements.
  • the planetary gear reduction system actually enhances the discharge of the waste shank;
  • the small rivet with small pulling force can choose fast motor with low power, low planetary gear reduction system with small reduction ratio, screw drive system with small volume and small pitch, and make rivet tool with fast small size tension; vice versa A rivet tool that makes a large pull. Since the structure of the power motor assembly, the planetary gear reduction system, the screw drive system and the riveting direction are in a straight line, the adjustment ⁇ can be free from excessive restrictions, and the three parts can be replaced to meet the demand, so that the motor and the planetary gear reduction system , the screw drive system achieves a very reasonable balance and matching, so that the small horse-drawn car with the pull-up express, the big horse-drawn cart, and the riveted ring groove rivet;
  • the mechanism can use the mature planetary gear reduction system that realizes two-speed speed regulation, and directly shifts to meet the demand according to needs during use.
  • the humanized rivet tool greatly liberates the labor force and improves work efficiency.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a rivet power tool according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a partial structural schematic view of a rivet power tool according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a power motor assembly of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a top core assembly of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the assembly of the planetary gear reduction system of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is an exploded view of the planetary gear reduction system of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a rivet power tool provided as a three-stage reduction system according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing the assembly of a three-stage reduction system of a planetary gear reduction system according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is an exploded view of a three-stage deceleration system of a planetary gear reduction system according to the present invention.
  • the rivet power tool includes an outer cover 25, a trigger 28, a circuit board 27, a set of nail barrels 26, a riveting system, and a wire.
  • the screw drive system includes a roller positioning block 9, a ball screw 11, a screw nut 13, a front bearing housing 12, a rear bearing housing 16, and a connecting shaft 15,
  • the ball screw 11 has a hollow structure for the top core tube 32 to pass through, the waste ejector rod is used, the front end is fixed by the roller positioning block 9, the rear end is connected with the screw nut 13, and the screw nut 13 is disposed on the front bearing housing 12.
  • the rear bearing housing 16 is coupled to the front bearing housing 12, and the connecting shaft 15 is fixed through the rear bearing housing 16 and the lead screw nut 13 and can be fixed by the fixing pin 14; the roller positioning block 9 is disposed on the front bearing housing 12.
  • the power motor assembly includes a motor 23 and a motor shaft 30, and the motor shaft 30 is disposed in a hollow structure for the passage of the discharge pipe 24 for discharging the waste ejector pin.
  • the limited space can be used to the greatest extent, and the tool is compact and beautiful, and the motor shaft 33 is provided at the front end of the motor shaft 30.
  • the planetary gear reduction system includes a rear planetary gear carrier 22, a front planetary gear carrier 21, a sun gear 117, a sun gear 1119, a planetary gear 18 and an internal gear 1201, and a sun gear 117.
  • the sun gear 1119 is disposed in a hollow structure, and the sun gear 1119 is provided with three planetary gears III183 and a pinion gear 39.
  • the three planetary gears III183 and the motor teeth 33 mesh with the inner and outer gears 1201, and the inner gear 1201 is restrained.
  • the planetary gear reduction system may also be configured to include a rear planetary gear base 2, a front planetary gear carrier 21, a sun gear 1 17, a sun gear II 19, and a planet.
  • the gear 18 and the internal gear 20, the sun gear I 17 and the sun gear II 19 are arranged in a hollow structure, and the sun gear II 19 is provided with three planetary gears III 183, and the three planetary gears III 183 and the motor teeth 33 mesh with each other.
  • the internal gear II 203 is meshed, the internal gear II 203 is limitedly mounted in the rear planetary gear base 22, and the rear planetary gear base 22 is provided with a screw hole, which is fixed to the motor 23 through a screw hole, and is processed by the external gear
  • the sun gear II 19 is meshed with the shifting slidable internal gear 202, and a shifting fork 38 is disposed in the shifting seat 37 disposed in the slot of the rear planetary gear base 22, and the shifting gear is provided.
  • the shift fork 38 drives the clutch shifting slidable internal gear 202.
  • the above structure constitutes a first-stage speed reduction system of the planetary gear reduction system.
  • the shifting slidable internal gear 202 meshes with the sun gear II 19, and the shifting fork 38 drives the clutch and shifting connection. 37.
  • the shifting slidable internal gear 202 meshes with the shifting connection 37 and is separated from the sun gear 1119; the sun gear I 17 is provided with three planetary gears II 182, three planetary gears II 182 and the sun gear II 19
  • the upper pinion 39 meshes and meshes with the variable speed slidable internal gear 202.
  • the above structure constitutes a two-stage reduction system of the planetary gear reduction system, when the slidable internal gear 202 is coaxial with the three planetary gears II 182 and the sun gear II 19
  • the external gear meshes with the ⁇ , the ⁇ secondary deceleration system loses the deceleration function, and is still the reduction ratio of the primary deceleration system.
  • the output terminal 36 is provided with three planetary gears 1181.
  • the three planetary gears 1181 mesh with the pinion gear 39 on the sun gear 117, and the inner gear 1201 meshes with the inner gear 1201.
  • the sun gear output terminal 36 is fixed in the front planetary gear base 21;
  • the planetary wheel base 22, the shifting connection seat 37 and the front planetary gear base 21 are sequentially connected together.
  • the above structure constitutes a three-stage reduction system of the planetary gear reduction system, and the output of the sun gear output terminal 36 drives the screw nut 13 to rotate.
  • the output torque of the stage reduction system is the largest; when the variable speed slidable internal gear 202 meshes only with the planet gears II182, it is a three-stage reduction.
  • a shift shift switch 40 is provided outside the shift fork 38, and shifting can be performed to adjust the reduction ratio.
  • the above two devices are large in meshing area, high in torque, high in transmission efficiency, and can adjust the gear ratio by adjusting the number of teeth of the internal gear 20, the pinion 39 and the motor teeth 33 as needed. , to achieve the target required reduction ratio, easy to adjust, adjustable, and can also select different power motors.
  • the rivet system includes a lance 1, an outer sleeve 2, a three-jaw 3, a clamping sleeve 4, a top core assembly 5, a top core spring 6, and a spring sleeve 7,
  • the outer sleeve 2 is connected to the front bearing housing 12 via an outer sleeve lock nut 8.
  • the front end of the outer sleeve 2 is provided with a gun head 1, and the rear end of the gun head 1 is provided with three claws 3; the three claws 3 are provided with clamping The sleeve 4, the clamping sleeve 4 is disposed in the outer sleeve 2, the inner hole surface of the clamping sleeve 4 and the three claws 3 is disposed as a slope; the third claw 3 is provided with a top core assembly 5, and the top core assembly 5 is The top core tube 32 and the top core 31 disposed at the front end of the top core tube 32 are formed; the top core tube 32 is sleeved with a top core spring 6, and the top core spring 6 is provided with a spring sleeve 7, and the top core spring 6 is elastically acted The three claws 3 are supported on the top core 31, so that the rivets can be smoothly placed, and the rivets are pulled.
  • the ball screws 11 drive the three claws 3 in the clamping sleeve 4 to move backward, and the
  • the spring sleeve 4 is coupled to the front end of the ball screw 11; the planetary gear reduction system is fixed by a connecting shaft 15 and a screw nut 13; the power motor assembly passes the motor teeth 33 and the planet on the motor shaft 30 The gear reduction system is connected; the rear end of the motor power component is provided with a collecting barrel 26; the discharging tube 24 passes through the motor shaft 30 and the planetary gear reduction system, and is sleeved outside the top core tube 32, and the broken ejector rod after passing through The rear end of the top core tube 32 falls into the discharge tube 24, and the waste scraping rod is smoothly discharged and has high safety; the outer cover 25 is provided with a circuit board 27, a trigger 28 and a stroke control board 29, and the circuit board 27 is respectively controlled.
  • the line is connected to the motor 23 and the stroke control board 29; the end of the stroke control board 29 is provided with an inductor 134 and an inductor 1135; the roller positioning block 9 is provided with a magnet 10; and the inductor is located below the magnet 10.
  • the center line and the riveting direction of the power motor assembly, the planetary gear reduction system, the screw drive system and the riveting system are on the same axis, and the axis of the waste nail rod is smoothly guided, and the waste can be smoothly discharged.
  • the shank; and the noise of the tool using the cymbal is much smaller than the meshing sound of the common tool gear, and the assembly operation between the three is very simple.
  • the speed reduction and the transmission are relatively simple.
  • the deceleration and transmission are specifically described as follows: With the cymbal, the rivet is loaded from the tip 1, the rivet plucks the trigger 28, and the sensor 1135 on the stroke control plate 29 senses The magnet 10 on the roller positioning block 9 is in a proper position ⁇ , and the motor 23 is rotated by the power source.
  • the motor shaft 30 processed with the motor teeth 33 drives the first-stage speed reduction system of the planetary gear reduction system, since the internal gear ⁇ 203 is fixed.
  • the planetary gear III183 rotates to drive the sun gear 1119 to rotate
  • the sun gear 1119 drives the planetary gear II182 of the secondary reduction system to decelerate
  • the planetary gear II182 of the secondary reduction system is driven to rotate.
  • the shift of the secondary reduction system can be
  • the sliding internal gear 202 is fixed, and the planetary gear II 182 of the secondary deceleration system drives the sun gear 117 to rotate, and the deceleration and twisting are completed.
  • the shifting slidable internal gear 202 is machined with an external gear and a groove. The groove is controlled by the shift fork 38, and the shifting slidable internal gear 202 is driven to be engaged.
  • the damper 40 adjusts the shift fork 38 for clutch control, the same with the sun gear 1119 and the planet gear II182 is the same as the ⁇ , because the principle of planetary deceleration is that the pinion on the sun gear drives the internal gear to produce a reduction ratio, and the sun gear and the internal gear directly mesh, the gear ratio disappears, and the secondary deceleration system automatically fails.
  • the shift slidable internal gear 202 meshes only with the planetary gears 182 and is separated from the sun gear 1119 provided with the external gears, the secondary reduction occurs, and the advantage of increasing the secondary shifting is to pull the rivets with small diameter specifications and small rivet strength.
  • sun gear output terminal 36 drives the connecting shaft 15 to rotate, and the connecting shaft 15 and the screw nut 13 are fixed by a plurality of fixing pins 14
  • the lead screw nut 13 drives the ball screw 11 . Since the front end of the ball screw 11 is fixed in the groove of the front bearing housing 12 by the roller positioning block 9 , the lower end of the roller positioning block 9 has a magnet 10 , a magnet 10 and a circuit board
  • the sensor 134 and the sensor 1135 on the controlled stroke control board 29 sense, so that the ball screw 11 can only move axially, and the spring sleeve 7 is moved, and the spring sleeve 7 is connected with the clamping sleeve 4.
  • the inner surface of the clamping sleeve 4 is inclined, the three claws 3 are inserted therein, the tail end of the three claws 3 is supported by the top core assembly 5, and the top core spring 6 provides a top force, so that the ball screw 11 is retracted. , the clamping sleeve 4 can move backward The three claws 3 are automatically tightened, so that the rivet rod can be smoothly grasped for riveting.
  • the loose trigger 28 when the inductor 134 on the stroke control board 29 controlled by the circuit board 27 senses that the magnet 10 on the roller positioning block 9 is in the proper position, the motor 23 is reversed, the ball screw 11 Advancing, the loose jaws 3, the broken rivets of the rivets after the break are discharged through the top core tube 32 and the discharge tube 24, and fall into the collecting barrel 26.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Details Of Spanners, Wrenches, And Screw Drivers And Accessories (AREA)

Abstract

一种电动铆钉工具,包括外盖(25)、扳机(28)、拉铆系统、丝杆传动系统、行星齿轮减速系统和动力马达组件;弹簧套筒(7)和滚珠丝杆(11)前端连接;行星齿轮减速系统通过连接轴(15)和丝杆螺母(13)固定;动力马达组件和行星齿轮减速系统连接;动力马达组件后端设置有集钉筒(26);出料管(24)穿过马达轴(30)和行星齿轮减速系统后套在顶芯管(32)外;外盖上设置有线路板(27)、扳机和行程控制板(29),线路板分别通过控制线与马达(23)和行程控制板连接;行程控制板上设置有感应器;滚轮定位(9)块上设置有磁铁(10);感应器位于磁铁下方。该工具手持使用符合人体工程学原理,可以对不同规格铆钉进行拉铆,废钉杆出料容易,适用性强。

Description

电动铆钉工具
技术领域
[0001] 本发明属于机械技术领域, 尤其涉及电动铆钉工具。
背景技术
[0002] 铆钉工具, 是专门用于铆钉的安装工具, 包括气动铆钉枪和电动铆钉枪, 气动 铆钉工具有快速, 拉力能做到大的优点, 但其硬性要求是必需有气源, 使用吋 必需有气管与气源相连, 拉铆吋噪音大, 铆接拉力虽然可以做到较大, 但体积 也随之增大的缺陷, 尤其无法在野外作业; 而电动铆钉枪由于有手持电源, 可 野外操作, 因而应用非常广泛, 但由于电动铆钉枪其有以下局限, 给操作者带 来极大不便。
[0003] 电动铆钉工具排出拉断后的废钉杆的方式有两种, 一种从枪头的前方出钉, 这 种结构使用者使用吋因为担心自动吐废钉杆危险或等废钉杆出来后再装入铆钉 , 很不人性化, 而且对于废钉杆的收集也很不方便。 现在较多流通的铆钉工具 结构都基于一款 (美国专利公告号: US005473805A)工具, 虽然经过多方改善, 但仍有以下缺陷:
[0004] (一)由于丝杆螺母组件所在的废钉杆排出轴线, 齿轮轴线及马达中心轴线相互 平行, 每个系统不能根据需求独立设计所有参数, 局限于满足废钉杆顺利排出 为导向, 具体体现在:
[0005] 1、 跟马达齿啮合的马达啮合齿不能做得很大, 不能超过拉铆和废钉杆排出轴 线, 否则不能排出废钉杆, 因此齿轮的齿数和模数受到很大限制, 只能局限在 某个极小的范围内;
[0006] 2、 马达在不干涉且尽可能不浪费空间的情况下与马达啮合齿啮合, 因此马达 的大小受到限制, 马达的转速、 功率跟其大小关系巨大, 马达过小扭力、 功率 将变小, 马达做大, 随着功率的加大, 马达轴也将随之做大, 而马达齿也要做 大, 否则无法啮合, 马达齿做大后减速比又受到影响。 因而在该设计中很难自 由选择合适匹配的马达; [0007] 3、 丝杆螺母零件是在螺母外面再加工有齿轮, 工艺及其复杂, 要求高, 关键 缺陷是如果丝杆螺母的齿轮设计过大, 空间势必浪费, 齿轮设计过小, 满足不 了啮合条件; 综上所述, 该工具在设计中, 马达的转速, 减速齿轮的减速比、 丝杆的大小无法根据需求做到最合理地设计, 常常是大马拉小车而且速度慢, 或者小马拉大车拉不动, 目前电动铆接工具还不能拉断铆接力度强的铆钉如环 槽铆钉;
[0008] 4、 马达组件、 齿轮、 丝杆组件的配合要求高, 需要保证三者之间平行的同吋 还要保证三根轴线在同一平面上, 平行度和平面度稍有偏差就影响啮合要求, 从而导致工具噪声大。
[0009] (二)在外观设计上, 为了钉杆的顺利排出, 各配件排布受限于平行排布, 例如 马达必需摆放在丝杆方向的平行方向上, 空间使用受到极大限制, 造成很大空 间浪费, 工具外形臃肿, 手持重心无法满足人体力学的需要, 握手手持虎口没 有好的着力点, 使用易疲劳, 现有条件很难改变这种不人性化的机构布局。 技术问题
[0010] 为解决上述技术问题, 本发明目的是提供一款优秀的铆钉电动工具, 该铆钉电 动工具在马达轴、 行星齿轮减速系统的太阳轮上设计一个中空的过孔, 而且动 力马达组件、 行星齿轮减速系统、 丝杆传动系统、 拉铆系统在同一轴线上, 使 铆接后废弃的铆钉杆在顶芯管和出料管的导向下, 可以直通穿过, 进入集钉筒 。 工具在手持使用吋, 设计符合人体工程学原理, 各个部分连接简单, 可靠, 可以根据铆钉的不同做简单的调整就可分出多款工具, 具体体现在拉拉力小的 铆钉可改变设计将速度调整加快, 遇到断钉力大的铆钉可改变设计加大拉力, 降低速度, 而这些设计仅需简单地更换马达、 行星齿轮减速系统或滚珠丝杆 (改 变滚珠丝杆的螺距大小即可改变速度)即可, 一种结构可分化出多款不同参数的 工具, 用户根据自己的需要可以使用最符合自己要求的工具。
问题的解决方案
技术解决方案
[0011] 本发明的方案如下:
[0012] 铆钉电动工具, 包括外盖、 扳机、 线路板、 集钉筒、 拉铆系统、 丝杆传动系统 、 行星齿轮减速系统和动力马达组件;
[0013] 所述丝杆传动系统包括滚轮定位块、 滚珠丝杆、 丝杆螺母、 前轴承座、 后轴承 座和连接轴, 所述滚珠丝杆为中空结构, 前端被滚轮定位块固定, 后端和丝杆 螺母连接, 丝杆螺母设置在前轴承座内; 所述后轴承座和前轴承座连接, 连接 轴穿过后轴承座和丝杆螺母固定; 滚轮定位块设置在前轴承座上。
[0014] 所述动力马达组件包括马达和马达轴, 所述马达轴设置成中空结构, 马达轴前 端设置有马达齿。
[0015] 所述行星齿轮减速系统包括后行星轮座、 前行星轮座、 太阳轮 I、 太阳轮 II、 行 星齿轮和内齿轮 I, 太阳轮 I和太阳轮 II设置成中空结构, 太阳轮 II上设置有三个 行星齿轮 III和一个小齿轮, 三个行星齿轮 III和马达齿啮合同吋和内齿轮 I啮合, 内齿轮 I被限位装在前行星轮座内, 太阳轮 II上设置有三个行星齿轮 I, 三个行星 齿轮 I和小齿轮啮合; 后行星轮座和前行星轮座连接在一起。
[0016] 所述拉铆系统包括枪头、 外套筒、 三爪、 夹紧套筒、 顶芯组件、 顶芯弹簧和弹 簧套筒, 所述外套筒通过外套筒锁紧螺母连接在前轴承座上, 外套筒前端设置 有枪头, 枪头后端设置有三爪; 三爪上设置有夹紧套筒, 夹紧套筒设置在外套 筒内; 三爪尾部设置有顶芯组件, 顶芯组件是由顶芯管和设置在顶芯管前端的 顶芯组成; 顶芯管上套有顶芯弹簧, 顶芯弹簧外设置有弹簧套筒。
[0017] 所述弹簧套筒和滚珠丝杆前端连接; 所述行星齿轮减速系统通过连接轴和丝杆 螺母固定; 所述动力马达组件通过马达轴上的马达齿和行星齿轮减速系统连接 ; 所述马达动力组件后端设置有集钉筒; 出料管穿过马达轴和行星齿轮减速系 统后套在顶芯管外; 外盖上设置有线路板、 扳机和行程控制板, 线路板分别通 过控制线与马达和行程控制板连接; 线路板上还可以设置电流过载保护; 行程 控制板两端设置有感应器 I和感应器 II; 所述滚轮定位块上设置有磁铁; 感应器 位于磁铁下方。
[0018] 进一步的, 所述集钉筒和外盖通过螺纹连接。
[0019] 进一步的, 所述动力马达组件、 行星齿轮减速系统、 丝杆传动系统和拉铆系统 的中心线与铆接方向是在同一轴线上。 发明的有益效果 有益效果
[0020] 本铆螺母电动工具具有如下优点与有益效果:
[0021] (1)运用了带有中空马达轴的马达这一新技术, 马达在大小和转速上基本不受限 制, 马达大小可以根据需求更换调整, 而且马达的作用除了提供动力, 增强了 对废钉杆的排出作用;
[0022] (2)运用了行星齿轮减速系统, 行星齿轮减速系统具有体积小, 重量轻, 承载 能力高, 使用寿命长, 运转平稳, 噪声低, 输出扭矩大, 传动效率高 (因为啮合 面积大, 所以扭矩大, 传动效率高), 性能安全等优点。 最重要的是太阳轮设置 中空结构, 使废钉杆间接从中穿过, 充分合理地利用所有空间。 行星齿轮减速 系统的减速比的设计得到了完全解放, 完全可以根据需求设计减速比大小。 而 且行星齿轮减速系统除了减速作用, 实际上还增强了对废钉杆的排出作用;
[0023] (3)丝杆螺母的结构变得简单, 螺母没有增加齿轮合并在一起的的束缚, 工艺变 得简单, 而且根据拉力大小进行设计, 丝杆螺母直径和长度随铆接强度的变化 而变化, 拉力大的用直径大的、 螺距相对小的, 旋合长度长的丝杆螺母, 这样 工具稍做大, 拉铆速度减缓。 小拉力则用直径较小的、 螺距较大的, 旋合长度 短的丝杆螺母, 这样工具做小, 拉铆速度加快; 综合以上所述, 该工具系统得 到合理的分工, 例如针对铝制的拉力小的铆钉, 可以选择功率小的快速的马达 , 减速比小的行星齿轮减速系统, 体积小螺距稍微大的丝杆传动系统, 做成快 速的小规格拉力的铆钉工具; 反之亦可以选择做成大拉力的铆钉工具。 该结构 由于动力马达组件, 行星齿轮减速系统, 丝杆传动系统和拉铆方向成一条直线 , 调整吋可以不受过多限制, 可以更换这三个部分即可满足需求, 使马达, 行 星齿轮减速系统, 丝杆传动系统做到非常合理的平衡匹配, 做到小马拉小车同 吋拉快车, 大马拉大车, 还能铆接环槽铆钉;
[0024] (4)运用上述结构带来的另一大好处是动力马达组件, 行星齿轮减速系统, 丝杆 传动系统和拉铆方向成一条直线, 能顺利排出废钉杆, 使工具更紧凑, 美观, 空间得到充分利用, 手持重心可以做到符合人体工程学的要求; 而且工具的马 达组件、 行星减速箱、 丝杆螺母组件之间配合简单, 即使同轴度略有偏差也不 会造成噪声太大, 而且三者之间配合非常简单; 加上行星齿轮减速系统自身噪 音极低, 因此工具使用的噪声远远小于普通工具齿轮的啮合声音;
[0025] (5)该机构可运用已成熟的实现两档调速的行星齿轮减速系统, 使用过程中根据 需要直接换档满足需求。
[0026] 这是一款携带方便, 既具有气动工具的快速和强劲, 又能方便地进行野外作 业, 做到根据需求提供所需参数, 将电动铆接工具的参数配置做到最合理, 使 用极具人性化的铆钉工具, 极大地解放了劳动力, 提高了工作效率。
对附图的简要说明
附图说明
[0027] 图 1为本发明铆钉电动工具结构示意图;
[0028] 图 2为本发明铆钉电动工具局部结构示意图;
[0029] 图 3为本发明动力马达组件结构示意图;
[0030] 图 4为本发明顶芯组件结构示意图;
[0031] 图 5为本发明行星齿轮减速系统装配示意图;
[0032] 图 6为本发明行星齿轮减速系统爆炸图;
[0033] 图 7为本发明设置成三级减速系统的铆钉电动工具示意图;
[0034] 图 8为本发明行星齿轮减速系统三级减速系统装配示意图;
[0035] 图 9为本发明行星齿轮减速系统三级减速系统爆炸图;
[0036] 其中: 1、 枪头; 2、 外套筒; 3、 三爪; 4、 夹紧套筒; 5、 顶芯组件; 6、 顶芯 弹簧; 7、 弹簧套筒; 8、 外套筒锁紧螺母; 9、 滚轮定位块; 10、 磁铁; 11、 滚 珠丝杆; 12、 前轴承座; 13、 丝杆螺母; 14、 固定销; 15、 连接轴; 16、 后轴 承座; 17、 太阳轮 I; 18、 行星齿轮; 19、 太阳轮 II; 20、 内齿轮; 21、 前行星 齿轮座; 22、 后行星齿轮座; 23、 马达; 24、 出料管; 25、 外盖; 26、 集钉筒 ; 27、 线路板; 28、 扳机; 29、 行程控制板; 30、 马达轴; 31、 顶芯; 32、 顶 芯管; 33、 马达齿; 34、 感应器 I; 35、 感应器 II; 36、 太阳齿轮输出端子; 37 、 变速连接座; 38、 变速拨叉; 39、 小齿轮; 40、 变速换挡幵关; 181、 行星齿 轮 I; 182、 行星齿轮 II; 183、 行星齿轮 III; 201、 内齿轮 I; 202、 变速可滑动内 齿轮; 203、 内齿轮 II。 本发明的实施方式
[0037] 下面结合附图对本发明做进一步说明;
[0038] 如图 1、 图 2、 图 3、 图 4、 图 5和图 6所示, 铆钉电动工具, 包括外盖 25、 扳机 28 、 线路板 27、 集钉筒 26、 拉铆系统、 丝杆传动系统、 行星齿轮减速系统和动力 马达组件;
[0039] 如图 1和图 2所示, 所述丝杆传动系统包括滚轮定位块 9、 滚珠丝杆 11、 丝杆螺 母 13、 前轴承座 12、 后轴承座 16和连接轴 15, 所述滚珠丝杆 11为中空结构, 用 于顶芯管 32穿过, 排废顶杆用, 前端被滚轮定位块 9固定, 后端和丝杆螺母 13连 接, 丝杆螺母 13设置在前轴承座 12内; 所述后轴承座 16和前轴承座 12连接, 连 接轴 15穿过后轴承座 16和丝杆螺母 13固定, 可以用固定销 14固定; 滚轮定位块 9 设置在前轴承座 12上。
[0040] 如图 2和图 4所示, 所述动力马达组件包括马达 23和马达轴 30, 所述马达轴 30设 置成中空结构, 用于出料管 24穿过, 排废顶杆用, 同吋可以最大程度的使用有 限的空间, 使工具紧凑、 美观, 马达轴 30前端设置有马达齿 33。
[0041] 如图 5和图 6所示, 所述行星齿轮减速系统包括后行星轮座 22、 前行星轮座 21、 太阳轮 117、 太阳轮 1119、 行星齿轮 18和内齿轮 1201, 太阳轮 117和太阳轮 1119设置 成中空结构, 太阳轮 1119上设置有三个行星齿轮 III183和一个小齿轮 39, 三个行 星齿轮 III183和马达齿 33啮合同吋和内齿轮 1201啮合, 内齿轮 1201被限位装在前 行星轮座 21内, 太阳轮 1119上设置有三个行星齿轮 1181, 三个行星齿轮 1181和小 齿轮 39啮合; 后行星轮座 22和前行星轮座 21连接在一起,这样形成二级减速系统
[0042] 如图 7、 图 8和图 9所示, 所述行星齿轮减速系统还可以设置成包括后行星轮座 2 2、 前行星轮座 21、 太阳轮 1 17、 太阳轮 II 19、 行星齿轮 18和内齿轮 20的装置, 太阳轮 I 17和太阳轮 II 19设置成中空结构, 太阳轮 II 19上设置有三个行星齿轮 III 183 , 三个行星齿轮 III 183和马达齿 33啮合同吋和内齿轮 II 203啮合, 内齿轮 II 203被限位装在后行星轮座 22内, 后行星轮座 22上设置有螺丝孔, 通过螺丝穿过 螺丝孔固定在马达 23上, 加工外齿轮后的太阳轮 II 19和变速可滑动内齿轮 202啮 合, 设置在后行星轮座 22的卡槽中的变速连接座 37内设置有变速拨叉 38, 变速 拨叉 38带动离合变速可滑动内齿轮 202, 上述结构构成行星齿轮减速系统的一级 减速系统, 变速可滑动内齿轮 202与太阳轮 II 19啮合吋, 通过变速拨叉 38带动离 合与变速连接座 37分离, 同理, 变速可滑动内齿轮 202与变速连接座 37啮合吋, 与太阳轮 1119分离; 太阳轮 I 17上设置有三个行星齿轮 II 182, 三个行星齿轮 II 182和太阳轮 II 19上的小齿轮 39啮合, 同吋和变速可滑动内齿轮 202啮合, 上述结 构构成行星齿轮减速系统的二级减速系统, 当可滑动内齿轮 202同吋与三个行星 齿轮 II 182及太阳轮 II 19外齿轮啮合吋, 此吋二级减速系统失去减速功能, 仍然 为一级减速系统的减速比, 若可滑动内齿轮 202同吋与三个行星齿轮 II182啮合, 而与太阳轮 1119外齿轮分离吋, 一级减速系统和二级减速系统相互独立, 且二级 减速系统的输出扭矩比一级减速系统的扭矩大; 太阳轮输出端子 36上设置有三 个行星齿轮 1181, 三个行星齿轮 1181和太阳轮 117上的小齿轮 39啮合, 同吋和内 齿轮 1201啮合, 太阳轮输出端子 36固定在前行星轮座 21内; 后行星轮座 22、 变速 连接座 37和前行星轮座 21依次限位连接在一起, 上述结构构成行星齿轮减速系 统的三级减速系统, 太阳轮输出端子 36输出扭矩带动丝杆螺母 13旋转, 三级减 速系统的输出扭矩最大; 当变速可滑动内齿轮 202仅仅和行星轮 II182啮合吋, 为 三级减速。 在变速拨叉 38外设置有变速换挡幵关 40, 可以进行换挡, 对减速比 进行调节。 上述两种装置, 由于采用行星齿轮 18啮合传动的方式, 啮合面积大 , 扭矩高, 传动效率高, 而且可以根据需要, 通过调节内齿轮 20、 小齿轮 39和 马达齿 33的齿数来调节传动比, 达到目标要求的减速比, 调节方便, 可调节性 强, 还可以针对性选择不同功率的马达。
如图 1和图 2所示, 所述拉铆系统包括枪头 1、 外套筒 2、 三爪 3、 夹紧套筒 4、 顶 芯组件 5、 顶芯弹簧 6和弹簧套筒 7, 所述外套筒 2通过外套筒锁紧螺母 8连接在前 轴承座 12上, 外套筒 2前端设置有枪头 1, 枪头 1后端设置有三爪 3; 三爪 3上设置 有夹紧套筒 4, 夹紧套筒 4设置在外套筒 2内, 夹紧套筒 4与三爪 3连接的内孔面设 置成斜面; 三爪 3尾部设置有顶芯组件 5, 顶芯组件 5是由顶芯管 32和设置在顶芯 管 32前端的顶芯 31组成; 顶芯管 32上套有顶芯弹簧 6, 顶芯弹簧 6外设置有弹簧 套筒 7, 顶芯弹簧 6通过弹力作用在顶芯 31上来撑幵三爪 3, 可以使铆钉顺利放入 , 拉铆吋, 滚珠丝杆 11带动夹紧套筒 4内的三爪 3后移, 三爪 3自动在夹紧套筒 4 的斜面导向下自动缩紧夹持铆钉。
[0044] 所述弹簧套筒 4和滚珠丝杆 11前端连接; 所述行星齿轮减速系统通过连接轴 15 和丝杆螺母 13固定; 所述动力马达组件通过马达轴 30上的马达齿 33和行星齿轮 减速系统连接; 所述马达动力组件后端设置有集钉筒 26; 出料管 24穿过马达轴 3 0和行星齿轮减速系统后套在顶芯管 32外, 拉断后的废钉杆通过顶芯管 32后端落 入出料管 24, 废废钉杆出料顺利, 安全性高; 外盖 25上设置有线路板 27、 扳机 2 8和行程控制板 29, 线路板 27分别通过控制线与马达 23和行程控制板 29连接; 行 程控制板 29两端设置有感应器 134和感应器 1135; 所述滚轮定位块 9上设置有磁铁 10; 感应器位于磁铁 10下方。
[0045] 所述集钉筒 26和外盖 25通过螺纹连接, 连接方便, 很容易清除废钉杆。
[0046] 所述动力马达组件、 行星齿轮减速系统、 丝杆传动系统和拉铆系统的中心线与 铆接方向是在同一轴线上, 满足以废钉杆顺利排出的轴线为导向, 可以顺利排 出废钉杆; 而且工具使用吋的噪声远远小于普通工具齿轮的啮合声音, 而且三 者之间装配操作非常简单。
[0047] 上述的这种整体结构设计, 各零件排布合理, 同一轴线上的设计, 避免空间使 用受到限制和浪费, 工具外形简洁, 可以让用户在手持使用吋, 完全符合人体 工程学原理, 使用简单, 省力, 易于操作, 各个部分连接简单, 可靠。
[0048] 对于图 5和图 6的装置, 减速、 传动较为简单。 对于图 7、 图 8和图 9的装置, 减 速、 传动做如下具体说明: 使用吋, 铆钉从枪头 1装入, 拉铆吋拨动扳机 28, 行 程控制板 29上的感应器 1135感应到滚轮定位块 9上的磁铁 10处在合适的位置吋, 通过电源带动马达 23旋转, 加工有马达齿 33的马达轴 30带动行星齿轮减速系统 的一级减速系统, 由于内齿轮 Π203是被固定不动的, 行星齿轮 III183转动后带动 太阳轮 1119旋转,太阳轮 1119又带动二级减速系统的行星齿轮 II182减速, 二级减速 系统的行星齿轮 II182被带动旋转, 同理二级减速系统的变速可滑动内齿轮 202是 被固定不动的, 二级减速系统的行星齿轮 II 182带动太阳轮 117旋转, 此吋减速增 扭完成。 当行星齿轮减速系统由二级变为三级吋, 变速可滑动内齿轮 202上加工 有外齿轮和槽, 该槽由变速拨叉 38控制, 带动变速可滑动内齿轮 202离合, 可以 通过变速换挡幵关 40调节变速拨叉 38进行离合控制, 同吋与太阳轮 1119和行星轮 II182同吋啮合吋, 由于行星减速原理是太阳轮上的小齿轮带动内齿轮产生减速 比, 而此吋太阳轮与内齿轮直接啮合, 齿数比消失, 二级减速系统自动失效。 当变速可滑动内齿轮 202仅仅与行星轮 II 182啮合而与设有外齿轮的太阳轮 1119分 离, 则二级减速产生, 增加次级变速的好处是拉小直径规格和铆接力度小的铆 钉吋, 提速增加效率, 拉铆大直径和铆接力度大的铆钉减速增加扭矩可靠拉铆 , 太阳轮输出端子 36带动连接轴 15旋转, 而连接轴 15跟丝杆螺母 13是用多个固 定销 14固定的, 丝杆螺母 13带动滚珠丝杆 11, 由于滚珠丝杆 11的前端是被滚轮 定位块 9固定在前轴承座 12的槽里, 滚轮定位块 9的下端有磁铁 10, 磁铁 10与线 路板 27控制的行程控制板 29上的感应器 134和感应器 1135感应, 因此滚珠丝杆 11 只能轴向移动, 带动弹簧套筒 7移动, 弹簧套筒 7与夹紧套筒 4连在一起, 夹紧套 筒 4内孔面为斜面, 三爪 3装入其中, 三爪 3的尾端被顶芯组件 5顶住, 顶芯弹簧 6 提供顶力, 这样在滚珠丝杆 11后退的过程中, 夹紧套筒 4后移能使三爪 3自动缩 紧, 这样就能顺利抓住铆钉杆进行拉铆。 直到拉铆结束, 松幵扳机 28, 当线路 板 27控制的行程控制板 29上的感应器 134感应到滚轮定位块 9上的磁铁 10处在合适 的位置吋, 马达 23反转, 滚珠丝杆 11前进, 松幵三爪 3, 拉断后的铆钉的废钉杆 经顶芯管 32和出料管 24排出, 落入集钉筒 26中。
尽管上文对本发明的具体实施方式给予了详细描述和说明, 但是应该指明的是
, 我们可以依据本发明的构想对上述实施方式进行各种等效改变和修改, 其所 产生的功能作用仍未超出说明书所涵盖的精神吋, 均应在本发明的保护范围之 内。

Claims

权利要求书
[权利要求 1] 铆钉电动工具, 包括外盖、 扳机、 线路板、 集钉筒、 拉铆系统、 丝杆 传动系统、 行星齿轮减速系统和动力马达组件; 其特征在于: 所述丝杆传动系统包括滚轮定位块、 滚珠丝杆、 丝杆螺母、 前轴承座 、 后轴承座和连接轴, 所述滚珠丝杆为中空结构, 前端被滚轮定位块 固定, 后端和丝杆螺母连接, 丝杆螺母设置在前轴承座内; 所述后轴 承座和前轴承座连接, 连接轴穿过后轴承座和丝杆螺母固定; 滚轮定 位块设置在前轴承座上;
所述动力马达组件包括马达和马达轴, 所述马达轴设置成中空结构, 马达轴前端设置有马达齿;
所述行星齿轮减速系统包括后行星轮座、 前行星轮座、 太阳轮 I、 太 阳轮 II、 行星齿轮和内齿轮 I, 太阳轮 I和太阳轮 II设置成中空结构, 太阳轮 II上设置有三个行星齿轮 III和一个小齿轮, 三个行星齿轮 III和 马达齿啮合同吋和内齿轮 I啮合, 内齿轮 I被限位装在前行星轮座内, 太阳轮 II上设置有三个行星齿轮 I, 三个行星齿轮 I和小齿轮啮合; 后 行星轮座和前行星轮座连接在一起;
所述拉铆系统包括枪头、 外套筒、 三爪、 夹紧套筒、 顶芯组件、 顶芯 弹簧和弹簧套筒, 所述外套筒通过外套筒锁紧螺母连接在前轴承座上 , 外套筒前端设置有枪头, 枪头后端设置有三爪; 三爪上设置有夹紧 套筒, 夹紧套筒设置在外套筒内; 三爪尾部设置有顶芯组件, 顶芯组 件是由顶芯管和设置在顶芯管前端的顶芯组成; 顶芯管上套有顶芯弹 簧, 顶芯弹簧外设置有弹簧套筒;
所述弹簧套筒和滚珠丝杆前端连接; 所述行星齿轮减速系统通过连接 轴和丝杆螺母固定; 所述动力马达组件通过马达轴上的马达齿和行星 齿轮减速系统连接; 所述马达动力组件后端设置有集钉筒; 出料管穿 过马达轴和行星齿轮减速系统后套在顶芯管外; 外盖上设置有线路板 、 扳机和行程控制板, 线路板分别通过控制线与马达和行程控制板连 接; 行程控制板两端设置有感应器; 所述滚轮定位块上设置有磁铁; 感应器位于磁铁下方。
所述动力马达组件、 行星齿轮减速系统、 丝杆传动系统和拉铆系统的 中心线与铆接方向是在同一轴线上。
[权利要求 2] 根据权利要求 1所述的铆钉电动工具, 其特征在于: 所述集钉筒和外 盖通过螺纹连接。
PCT/CN2015/091310 2014-10-24 2015-09-30 电动铆钉工具 WO2016062192A1 (zh)

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