WO2015005589A1 - 목질계 바이오매스로부터 당, 바이오에탄올 또는 미생물 대사산물을 제조하는 방법 - Google Patents
목질계 바이오매스로부터 당, 바이오에탄올 또는 미생물 대사산물을 제조하는 방법 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2015005589A1 WO2015005589A1 PCT/KR2014/005045 KR2014005045W WO2015005589A1 WO 2015005589 A1 WO2015005589 A1 WO 2015005589A1 KR 2014005045 W KR2014005045 W KR 2014005045W WO 2015005589 A1 WO2015005589 A1 WO 2015005589A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- biomass
- pretreatment
- sugar
- fermentation
- starch
- Prior art date
Links
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 416
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 286
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 88
- 239000002207 metabolite Substances 0.000 title claims description 62
- 239000002029 lignocellulosic biomass Substances 0.000 title abstract description 3
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 342
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 200
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 109
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 105
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 95
- 230000002255 enzymatic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 91
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 394
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 199
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 199
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims description 198
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 167
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 123
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims description 123
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims description 123
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 claims description 106
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 claims description 106
- 229940088598 enzyme Drugs 0.000 claims description 106
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 89
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 84
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 claims description 82
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 claims description 82
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 claims description 82
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 80
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 66
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 66
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims description 61
- 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 claims description 55
- 108090000604 Hydrolases Proteins 0.000 claims description 43
- 102000004157 Hydrolases Human genes 0.000 claims description 43
- 238000006206 glycosylation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 230000013595 glycosylation Effects 0.000 claims description 39
- 238000001728 nano-filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 claims description 27
- 235000014680 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Nutrition 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 25
- 108010059892 Cellulase Proteins 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 229940106157 cellulase Drugs 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical group [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 13
- WOBHKFSMXKNTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroxyethyl methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCO WOBHKFSMXKNTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000005708 Sodium hypochlorite Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000001950 Elaeis guineensis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 241000588724 Escherichia coli Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000108 ultra-filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 102000009123 Fibrin Human genes 0.000 claims description 9
- 108010073385 Fibrin Proteins 0.000 claims description 9
- 229950003499 fibrin Drugs 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 241000193403 Clostridium Species 0.000 claims description 8
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000000218 acetic acid group Chemical group C(C)(=O)* 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000011026 diafiltration Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 240000005979 Hordeum vulgare Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000007340 Hordeum vulgare Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000186216 Corynebacterium Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 240000003133 Elaeis guineensis Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000186660 Lactobacillus Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012263 liquid product Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001471 micro-filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011085 pressure filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000967 suction filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 108010073178 Glucan 1,4-alpha-Glucosidase Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000194036 Lactococcus Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 108010051210 beta-Fructofuranosidase Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001573 invertase Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011073 invertase Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940039696 lactobacillus Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000186146 Brevibacterium Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000000378 Caryota urens Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000000163 Cycas revoluta Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000008601 Cycas revoluta Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000588722 Escherichia Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000017020 Ipomoea batatas Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000002678 Ipomoea batatas Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000003183 Manihot esculenta Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000016735 Manihot esculenta subsp esculenta Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010103 Metroxylon rumphii Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 108090000637 alpha-Amylases Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- 102000004139 alpha-Amylases Human genes 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940024171 alpha-amylase Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- RQPZNWPYLFFXCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ba+2] RQPZNWPYLFFXCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001863 barium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 108010019077 beta-Amylase Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002240 furans Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000015099 wheat brans Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 241000193454 Clostridium beijerinckii Species 0.000 claims 1
- 241000192132 Leuconostoc Species 0.000 claims 1
- 241000607720 Serratia Species 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 59
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 abstract description 37
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 31
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 abstract description 29
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 16
- 150000004823 xylans Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 11
- 229920001221 xylan Polymers 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000007857 degradation product Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000011054 acetic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 125
- 235000010980 cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 64
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 59
- SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-IOVATXLUSA-N D-xylopyranose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1COC(O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-IOVATXLUSA-N 0.000 description 57
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 52
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 48
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 40
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 39
- 229920002488 Hemicellulose Polymers 0.000 description 36
- PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N arabinose Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C=O PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 34
- SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-D-Pyranose-Lyxose Natural products OC1COC(O)C(O)C1O SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 34
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 30
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 description 30
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 30
- 229960003487 xylose Drugs 0.000 description 30
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 29
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 description 29
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 27
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 26
- 241000208818 Helianthus Species 0.000 description 25
- 235000003222 Helianthus annuus Nutrition 0.000 description 25
- 239000012632 extractable Substances 0.000 description 25
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 21
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 19
- 241001133760 Acoelorraphe Species 0.000 description 17
- 150000002772 monosaccharides Chemical class 0.000 description 17
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 16
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 15
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 15
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 15
- -1 xylose and xylan Chemical class 0.000 description 15
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 14
- PKAUICCNAWQPAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(4-chloro-2-methylphenoxy)acetic acid;n-methylmethanamine Chemical compound CNC.CC1=CC(Cl)=CC=C1OCC(O)=O PKAUICCNAWQPAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N furfural Chemical compound O=CC1=CC=CO1 HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 13
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)O ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 235000013824 polyphenols Nutrition 0.000 description 11
- 235000018102 proteins Nutrition 0.000 description 11
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 11
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 11
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 10
- 229920001503 Glucan Polymers 0.000 description 10
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 229940041514 candida albicans extract Drugs 0.000 description 9
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000012138 yeast extract Substances 0.000 description 9
- 235000014633 carbohydrates Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 229910017053 inorganic salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- NOEGNKMFWQHSLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-hydroxymethylfurfural Chemical compound OCC1=CC=C(C=O)O1 NOEGNKMFWQHSLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 241000193401 Clostridium acetobutylicum Species 0.000 description 7
- 241000512897 Elaeis Species 0.000 description 7
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000001888 Peptone Substances 0.000 description 7
- 108010080698 Peptones Proteins 0.000 description 7
- 235000014676 Phragmites communis Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 7
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 7
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 235000019319 peptone Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 7
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- JOOXCMJARBKPKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-oxopentanoic acid Chemical compound CC(=O)CCC(O)=O JOOXCMJARBKPKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 6
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-QTVWNMPRSA-N D-mannopyranose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-QTVWNMPRSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 5
- PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-WDCZJNDASA-N arabinose Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)C=O PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-WDCZJNDASA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000002551 biofuel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- RJGBSYZFOCAGQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxymethylfurfural Natural products COC1=CC=C(C=O)O1 RJGBSYZFOCAGQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011550 stock solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000002792 vascular Effects 0.000 description 5
- FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyric acid Chemical compound CCCC(O)=O FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 4
- 108010071289 Factor XIII Proteins 0.000 description 4
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 241000186605 Lactobacillus paracasei Species 0.000 description 4
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000001476 alcoholic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-PHYPRBDBSA-N alpha-D-galactose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-PHYPRBDBSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000001639 calcium acetate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000011092 calcium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 229960005147 calcium acetate Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007071 enzymatic hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000006047 enzymatic hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 229930182830 galactose Natural products 0.000 description 4
- BTCSSZJGUNDROE-UHFFFAOYSA-N gamma-aminobutyric acid Chemical compound NCCCC(O)=O BTCSSZJGUNDROE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000010335 hydrothermal treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910021642 ultra pure water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000012498 ultrapure water Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003809 water extraction Methods 0.000 description 4
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 240000002791 Brassica napus Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000004977 Brassica sinapistrum Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 244000004281 Eucalyptus maculata Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000005909 Kieselgur Substances 0.000 description 3
- 240000007472 Leucaena leucocephala Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000010643 Leucaena leucocephala Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 241000234435 Lilium Species 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241001520808 Panicum virgatum Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000218657 Picea Species 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 240000003829 Sorghum propinquum Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000011684 Sorghum saccharatum Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 244000057717 Streptococcus lactis Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000014897 Streptococcus lactis Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Succinic acid Natural products OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 125000002777 acetyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)=O 0.000 description 3
- 239000003377 acid catalyst Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N butanedioic acid Chemical compound O[14C](=O)CC[14C](O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N 0.000 description 3
- VSGNNIFQASZAOI-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium acetate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O VSGNNIFQASZAOI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002734 clay mineral Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001784 detoxification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229940059442 hemicellulase Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 108010002430 hemicellulase Proteins 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 238000009655 industrial fermentation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229940040102 levulinic acid Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000001814 pectin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001277 pectin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 235000010987 pectin Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000004804 polysaccharides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- CVHZOJJKTDOEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N saccharin Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C2=C1 CVHZOJJKTDOEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229940081974 saccharin Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 235000019204 saccharin Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000000901 saccharin and its Na,K and Ca salt Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 3
- AYKOTYRPPUMHMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Ag] AYKOTYRPPUMHMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- OGNSCSPNOLGXSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N (+/-)-DABA Natural products NCCC(N)C(O)=O OGNSCSPNOLGXSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WZCQRUWWHSTZEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-phenylenediamine Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC(N)=C1 WZCQRUWWHSTZEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTBFRGCFXZNCOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methylsulfonylpiperidin-4-one Chemical compound CS(=O)(=O)N1CCC(=O)CC1 RTBFRGCFXZNCOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NGNBDVOYPDDBFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2,4-di(pentan-2-yl)phenoxy]acetyl chloride Chemical compound CCCC(C)C1=CC=C(OCC(Cl)=O)C(C(C)CCC)=C1 NGNBDVOYPDDBFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical group [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 108010054320 Lignin peroxidase Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102000004317 Lyases Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108090000856 Lyases Proteins 0.000 description 2
- KDXKERNSBIXSRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lysine Natural products NCCCCC(N)C(O)=O KDXKERNSBIXSRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004472 Lysine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000878007 Miscanthus Species 0.000 description 2
- 101100384355 Mus musculus Ctnnbip1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 244000273256 Phragmites communis Species 0.000 description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002531 Rubberwood Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 241000124033 Salix Species 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000007171 acid catalysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010306 acid treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005377 adsorption chromatography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229930013930 alkaloid Natural products 0.000 description 2
- JFCQEDHGNNZCLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N anhydrous glutaric acid Natural products OC(=O)CCCC(O)=O JFCQEDHGNNZCLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001491 aromatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920003235 aromatic polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- RXQNHIDQIJXKTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane;pentanoic acid Chemical compound [NH4+].CCCCC([O-])=O RXQNHIDQIJXKTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- UWCPYKQBIPYOLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene-1,3,5-tricarbonyl chloride Chemical compound ClC(=O)C1=CC(C(Cl)=O)=CC(C(Cl)=O)=C1 UWCPYKQBIPYOLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000001465 calcium Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229960005069 calcium Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000004985 diamines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000013325 dietary fiber Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005194 fractionation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001530 fumaric acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229960003692 gamma aminobutyric acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 230000036252 glycation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003966 growth inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011121 hardwood Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NOESYZHRGYRDHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N insulin Chemical compound N1C(=O)C(NC(=O)C(CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)C(CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)C(C(C)C)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)CN)C(C)CC)CSSCC(C(NC(CO)C(=O)NC(CC(C)C)C(=O)NC(CC=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)C(=O)NC(CCC(N)=O)C(=O)NC(CC(C)C)C(=O)NC(CCC(O)=O)C(=O)NC(CC(N)=O)C(=O)NC(CC=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)C(=O)NC(CSSCC(NC(=O)C(C(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(C)NC(=O)C(CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)C(C(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC=2NC=NC=2)NC(=O)C(CO)NC(=O)CNC2=O)C(=O)NCC(=O)NC(CCC(O)=O)C(=O)NC(CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)NCC(=O)NC(CC=3C=CC=CC=3)C(=O)NC(CC=3C=CC=CC=3)C(=O)NC(CC=3C=CC(O)=CC=3)C(=O)NC(C(C)O)C(=O)N3C(CCC3)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(C)C(O)=O)C(=O)NC(CC(N)=O)C(O)=O)=O)NC(=O)C(C(C)CC)NC(=O)C(CO)NC(=O)C(C(C)O)NC(=O)C1CSSCC2NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)C(CC(N)=O)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(N)CC=1C=CC=CC=1)C(C)C)CC1=CN=CN1 NOESYZHRGYRDHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002596 lactones Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- ULWHHBHJGPPBCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N propane-1,1-diol Chemical compound CCC(O)O ULWHHBHJGPPBCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001648 tannin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001864 tannin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000018553 tannin Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000003440 toxic substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004382 Amylase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 108010065511 Amylases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000013142 Amylases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 241000233788 Arecaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000008564 Boehmeria nivea Species 0.000 description 1
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 241001463014 Chazara briseis Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000195628 Chlorophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000722863 Cortaderia jubata Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000186226 Corynebacterium glutamicum Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000001980 Cucurbita pepo Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000009852 Cucurbita pepo Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930091371 Fructose Natural products 0.000 description 1
- RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N Fructose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@](O)(CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005715 Fructose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102100022624 Glucoamylase Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 102000004877 Insulin Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090001061 Insulin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000108452 Litchi chinensis Species 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical group [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910019093 NaOCl Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000015742 Nephelium litchi Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001494479 Pecora Species 0.000 description 1
- 102000003992 Peroxidases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 241000235070 Saccharomyces Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000218998 Salicaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 229940124639 Selective inhibitor Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 240000002407 Solanum quitoense Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000061456 Solanum tuberosum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002595 Solanum tuberosum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 description 1
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000219094 Vitaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000588901 Zymomonas Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000002835 absorbance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 159000000021 acetate salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005903 acid hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013334 alcoholic beverage Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-LECHCGJUSA-N alpha-D-xylose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1CO[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-LECHCGJUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019418 amylase Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical group [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002306 biochemical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012620 biological material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001222 biopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000001638 boron Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- CDQSJQSWAWPGKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,1-diol Chemical compound CCCC(O)O CDQSJQSWAWPGKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229960002713 calcium chloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000002421 cell wall Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229940106135 cellulose Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009614 chemical analysis method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000365 copper sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229960000355 copper sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- KAATUXNTWXVJKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N cypermethrin Chemical compound CC1(C)C(C=C(Cl)Cl)C1C(=O)OC(C#N)C1=CC=CC(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 KAATUXNTWXVJKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-NGQZWQHPSA-N d-xylitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)C(O)[C@H](O)CO HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-NGQZWQHPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013681 dietary sucrose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000012489 doughnuts Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000037149 energy metabolism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002532 enzyme inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011389 fruit/vegetable juice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- ZZUFCTLCJUWOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N furosemide Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(S(=O)(=O)N)=CC(C(O)=O)=C1NCC1=CC=CO1 ZZUFCTLCJUWOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012239 gene modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005017 genetic modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013617 genetically modified food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001279 glycosylating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000021021 grapes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000005431 greenhouse gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009036 growth inhibition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004209 hair Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000002354 inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003317 industrial substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940125396 insulin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910000358 iron sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002346 layers by function Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930013686 lignan Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 235000009408 lignans Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000005692 lignans Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011344 liquid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006166 lysate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229940099596 manganese sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011702 manganese sulphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000007079 manganese sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- YLGXILFCIXHCMC-JHGZEJCSSA-N methyl cellulose Chemical compound COC1C(OC)C(OC)C(COC)O[C@H]1O[C@H]1C(OC)C(OC)C(OC)OC1COC YLGXILFCIXHCMC-JHGZEJCSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003470 mitochondria Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 150000002751 molybdenum Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000006872 mrs medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001542 oligosaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010979 pH adjustment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 108040007629 peroxidase activity proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000005502 peroxidation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011197 physicochemical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001766 physiological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002492 poly(sulfone) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035755 proliferation Effects 0.000 description 1
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000004252 protein component Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036647 reaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036632 reaction speed Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012958 reprocessing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033764 rhythmic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 108010029910 salolase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000014102 seafood Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010025 steaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960004793 sucrose Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000001508 sulfur Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960005349 sulfur Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- KCDXJAYRVLXPFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N syringaldehyde Chemical compound COC1=CC(C=O)=CC(OC)=C1O KCDXJAYRVLXPFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- COBXDAOIDYGHGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N syringaldehyde Natural products COC1=CC=C(C=O)C(OC)=C1O COBXDAOIDYGHGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021654 trace metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000925 very toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000003722 vitamin derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001238 wet grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000969 xylosyl group Chemical group C1([C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO1)* 0.000 description 1
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000368 zinc sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229960001763 zinc sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P7/00—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds
- C12P7/02—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds containing a hydroxy group
- C12P7/04—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds containing a hydroxy group acyclic
- C12P7/06—Ethanol, i.e. non-beverage
- C12P7/14—Multiple stages of fermentation; Multiple types of microorganisms or re-use of microorganisms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P19/00—Preparation of compounds containing saccharide radicals
- C12P19/02—Monosaccharides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07H—SUGARS; DERIVATIVES THEREOF; NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; NUCLEIC ACIDS
- C07H1/00—Processes for the preparation of sugar derivatives
- C07H1/06—Separation; Purification
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07H—SUGARS; DERIVATIVES THEREOF; NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; NUCLEIC ACIDS
- C07H3/00—Compounds containing only hydrogen atoms and saccharide radicals having only carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms
- C07H3/02—Monosaccharides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P19/00—Preparation of compounds containing saccharide radicals
- C12P19/14—Preparation of compounds containing saccharide radicals produced by the action of a carbohydrase (EC 3.2.x), e.g. by alpha-amylase, e.g. by cellulase, hemicellulase
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P19/00—Preparation of compounds containing saccharide radicals
- C12P19/44—Preparation of O-glycosides, e.g. glucosides
- C12P19/56—Preparation of O-glycosides, e.g. glucosides having an oxygen atom of the saccharide radical directly bound to a condensed ring system having three or more carbocyclic rings, e.g. daunomycin, adriamycin
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P7/00—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds
- C12P7/02—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds containing a hydroxy group
- C12P7/04—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds containing a hydroxy group acyclic
- C12P7/06—Ethanol, i.e. non-beverage
- C12P7/065—Ethanol, i.e. non-beverage with microorganisms other than yeasts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P7/00—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds
- C12P7/02—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds containing a hydroxy group
- C12P7/04—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds containing a hydroxy group acyclic
- C12P7/06—Ethanol, i.e. non-beverage
- C12P7/08—Ethanol, i.e. non-beverage produced as by-product or from waste or cellulosic material substrate
- C12P7/10—Ethanol, i.e. non-beverage produced as by-product or from waste or cellulosic material substrate substrate containing cellulosic material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P7/00—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds
- C12P7/40—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds containing a carboxyl group including Peroxycarboxylic acids
- C12P7/56—Lactic acid
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C13—SUGAR INDUSTRY
- C13K—SACCHARIDES OBTAINED FROM NATURAL SOURCES OR BY HYDROLYSIS OF NATURALLY OCCURRING DISACCHARIDES, OLIGOSACCHARIDES OR POLYSACCHARIDES
- C13K1/00—Glucose; Glucose-containing syrups
- C13K1/02—Glucose; Glucose-containing syrups obtained by saccharification of cellulosic materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P2201/00—Pretreatment of cellulosic or lignocellulosic material for subsequent enzymatic treatment or hydrolysis
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a process for producing bioethanol from woody biomass, and more particularly, to a high concentration of woody biomass. It relates to a method for obtaining fermented sugar and fermenting it to produce bioethane.
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a fermented sugar which can be used for fermentation of microorganisms using wood-based biomass as a raw material.
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a fermented sugar in which the fermented sugar produced using wood-based biomass as a raw material contains acetic acid but is very toxic to industrial microorganisms.
- the present invention relates to a method of producing bioethane or microbial metabolites such as lactic acid in high yield from woody biomass containing starch.
- the present invention relates to a method for preparing a sugar solution using a separation membrane, and more particularly, to modify the polyamide nanofiltration membrane in order to reduce surface charge, and then to inhibit fermentation by filtering the aqueous solution using the modified polyamide nanofiltration membrane. It relates to a method for removing the purified sugar solution.
- Biomass which is believed to be infinitely reproduced by humans as long as the sun is present, includes Hgnocel lulosi c biomass, which mainly contains above-ground plants, and algal biomass, which mainly contains green algae that grow in water. have.
- Cellulose one of the structural components constituting such biomass, is the most abundant substance on the planet to account for 20% to 50% of the biomass, and is a polymer condensate of glucose, which is a major nutrient source of fermented strains.
- Much research and development has been concentrated to develop a technology for producing a large amount and high purity of glucose from such salose.
- Wood-based biomass is weak to hydrolysis in addition to cellulose, and hemicellulosic (about 15 to 35%), which is susceptible to hydrolysis, and lignin (which is difficult to reduce to a monomer having a specific functional group due to its complex structure). About 10 to 30%).
- wood-based biomass contains components that can be extracted with water such as water-soluble starch, free sugar, protein, lipid, pectin, tannin, various alkaloids, organic acids and various inorganic salts. 20 to 303 ⁇ 4, slightly less than 5 to 20% in woody biomass (Michael E. Himmel (2009) Biomass recal citrance, Blackwel l Publ i shing; Run ⁇ Cang Sun (2010) Cereal Straw as a Resource) for Sustainable Biomater ial s and Biofuel s, El sevi er).
- Starch or free sugars of wood extract biomass may be used for the production of fermented sugars, but these other components not only act as impurities in fermented sugars, but also reduce the sugar yield in the process of producing fermented sugars. It must be recovered or removed as it can.
- Korean Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2011— 0040367 discloses a device for injecting hot water into a semi-ungjok as a process of a continuous fraction of biomass, and stirring the liquid for a predetermined time to discharge the liquid product using vapor pressure.
- the invention seeks to fractionate hot water extractables with such a device, but the discharge of liquids through the valve at high pressure is It is not smooth, and due to the tunneling phenomenon inside the contents during discharge, the total recovery rate is extremely low to 503 ⁇ 4 or less, even though the extraction and recovery are repeated several times, which has a technical problem that is difficult to use for practical removal of the extractable material.
- Inbicon Co., Ltd. a manufacturer of bioethanol using wood-based biomass as a raw material, removes liquids containing a large amount of microbial inhibitors through solid-liquid separation after heat-treating the biomass, and then washes the pretreated solids with water. It is known to remove even extractable components in biomass (Jan Larsen et al., 2012, Bio ass and Bioenergy, 46, 36-45). This method has the advantage of obtaining a clean pretreatment solid that can produce a high quality fermented sugar, but inevitably increases the manufacturing cost due to solid-liquid separation and repeated washing.
- liquid products obtained as by-products after biomass pretreatment are carbohydrates such as xylose and xylan, as well as perfural products such as furfural and hydroxymethyl furfural (hereinafter referred to as 'HMF').
- Pretreatment of biomass refers to the process of chemically treating pulverized or crushed biomass to make each structural component of biomass easy to fractionate.
- the saccharification of biomass has already been Refers to the conversion of cellulose, which has been transformed into a more easily hydrolyzed state by dissolving or dissolving some or all of hemisal, which is surrounded by cellulose, to glucose, either by physicochemical or biochemical methods. .
- the cell is limited to the use of enzymes as a hydrolysis means of cellulose, and is a technique widely applied to pretreatment of biomass, which is widely used for pretreatment of biohydrolysi s or hydrothermolysi s and di lute acid pretreatment. , Lime pretreatment, ammonia pretreatment (ARP, etc.), and steam explosion. These pretreatment techniques make cellulose more responsive to hydrolase through the pretreatment effect that mainly dissolves hemicellulose or black lignin in biomass. The pretreatment efficiency depends on the type of biomass and the reaction conditions. Not only are they significantly different, but the types and amounts of substances other than sugars newly generated during pretreatment or saccharification also vary greatly. Recently, among these technologies, hydrothermal pretreatment technology, which has the simplest process and is most economical and has high applicability to different kinds of biomass, has attracted more attention.
- Enzymatic glycosylation of the pretreatment refers to the process of converting cellulose into glucose by adding cellulose to the pretreatment containing cellulose, which has been converted into a more enzyme-reactive form.
- the salolase used may contain various enzymes such as hemicalose hydrolase, starch hydrolase, and pectin hydrolysing enzyme in consideration of previously applied pretreatment technology. do.
- sugar content prepared through the pretreatment and saccharification process using wood-based biomass as a raw material can be largely used for two purposes.
- sugar-based monosaccharides are dissolved, but the sugars (hydro-lysi s residue, hereinafter referred to as 'glycosylated residues') are contained in the sugars (hereinafter referred to as 'saccharides') or a little after the start of saccharification.
- glucose only directly generated pre-treatment of water, as a way of putting into effect the fermentation strains and additives Simultaneous saccharification fermentation (simultaneous sacchari f icat ion and co-fermentat ion).
- sugar solutions prepared by physicochemical pretreatment and enzymatic saccharification of woody biomass contain various substances as impurities in addition to monosaccharides including glucose.
- Representative impurities include aldehydes such as perfural and HMF, organic acids such as levulinic acid and formic acid, alcohols such as methanol, and the like.
- generated at the hydrolysis of are mentioned.
- Phenolic compounds such as syringaldehyde, inhibited their growth (Thaddeus Ezej i et al., Biot echnology and Bioengineering, 97 (6), 1460-1468, 2007).
- the study was conducted with yeast as an ethanol fermentation strain and tested for growth, while perfural did not affect ethanol production, while HMF had a slight effect, and acetic acid significantly inhibited growth (Jeffrey D. Keating et al., 2006, Biotechnology and Bioengineering, 93 (6), 1196-1206.) Phenolic compounds significantly inhibited the growth of yeast, acetic acid and perfural together When used, it has been reported that the inhibitory force is greater than that used alone.
- Corynebacterium ⁇ iCorynebacterium glutamicum as an ethanol fermentation strain inhibited growth with increasing concentrations of perfural and HMF, and the growth inhibition was Zymomonas mobi 1 is, More sensitive than in coli and others (Shinsuke Sakai et al., Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 2349-2353, 2007). Moreover, although phenolic compounds, such as a sirinaldehyde, severely suppressed the growth of the said strain, it was reported that the influence of acetic acid was not large. As described above, these microbial inhibitors that may be contained in the wood-based biomass sugar solution may have different effects on growth and production of metabolites depending on the type of microorganism, and thus it is not easy to determine a general tendency without direct application.
- fermented strains can be molecularly improved so as not to be affected by various impurities or to produce metabolites efficiently, or a suitable microorganism can be selected from new strains.
- Yeast an alcoholic fermentation strain (ethanologen) that has been tamed by civilization for many years to manufacture various alcoholic beverages, can be said to be one of the most fermented strains resistant to microbial inhibitors. Research is being actively conducted to improve the production of alcohol. Lactic acid bacteria commonly found in daily life are also known to be less affected.
- the pretreatment liquids containing microbial growth inhibitory materials may be added again to prevent the microbial growth from being susceptible to unwanted microorganisms such as lactobacillus at the beginning of enzymatic saccharification or alcohol fermentation.
- microbial inhibitors such as acetic acid and phenolic compounds are released from the pretreatment. This method is very useful for alcohol fermentation using yeast, which is resistant to microbial inhibitors. No examples used to prepare sugars have been reported.
- some of the finely divided pretreatment may be lost during the washing process, and thus, the sugar yield may be reduced.
- the lignocellulosic biomass consists of a small amount of extractable components that can be extracted with water or an organic solvent, and a structural component that is polymerized and does not dissolve in water or an organic solvent.
- Cellulose (cellulose) is one of the structural components of the wood-based biomass, occupies 25% to 60% of the biomass, is a polymer made by the dehydration condensation of glucose.
- salulose in biomass is a major target of acid hydrolysis or enzymatic hydrolysis, but other structural components, hemicellulose It is surrounded by and lignin and is not easily fractionated.
- Hemicellulose one of the structural components of wood-based biomass, is a combination of glucose, galactose, mannose and arabinose in the xylan skeleton formed by dehydration of xylose. Acids, such as glucuroni c aci d and acetic acid, are linked by ester bonds, making hydrolysis easier.
- lignin (10 to 30%) is a polymer having a complex structure of an lignan which is an aromatic compound, so it is not easily hydrolyzed to an acid, but exhibits a property of being soluble in alkali.
- autohydrolys is or simply hydrothermolysi s is a simple technique that puts biomass and water in a high pressure reactor and seals it and then reacts for a certain time at 160 ° C to 220 ° C.
- hydrothermal pretreatment hemisalose in woody biomass is first hydrolyzed and eluted in water in the form of xylolygosaccharides along with xylose.
- most herbal and woody biomass is 180 to 190 °. The maximum dissolution rate in C is shown.
- the concentrations of xylose and xyloligosaccharides detected in the water are drastically reduced, which is due to the decomposition of xylose in the biomass rather than the rate of hydrolysis and elution in water. This is because the production of seafood becomes remarkable.
- the concentration of acetic acid in the pretreatment liquids steadily increases from below 16 CTC to above 220 ° C. Most of the acetic acid appears to be the hydrolysis products of the acetic acid group attached to the ester chain in the xylan main chain of hemicellose.
- the hydrothermal pretreatment has a disadvantage in that the yield of sugar after enzymatic saccharification is somewhat lower than that of dilute acid pretreatment which mainly uses low concentration of sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid in pretreatment.
- organic acids such as acetic acid are released when hemicellulose, which is left by incomplete hydrolysis during pretreatment, is hydrolyzed by enzymes during the saccharification process, and thus, these acids are contained in the sugar solution after enzymatic saccharification.
- fermented sugar prepared by thermal hydrothermal treatment and enzymatic saccharification using wood-based biomass as an impurity is perfural
- HMF 5-hydroxymethy 2-furaldehyde
- phenolic substances and acetic acid which vary depending on the type of fermentation strain, but the growth of microorganisms or the production of metabolites It is known to act to inhibit.
- sugar was added to each artificially prepared sugar solution at different concentrations and tested using yeast as an ethanol fermentation strain, while perfural had no effect on ethanol production, while HMF had a slight effect.
- acetic acid significantly inhibited ethane production (Jeffrey D. Keating et al., 2006, Biotechnology and Bioengineering, 93 (6), 1196-1206).
- phenolic compounds significantly inhibited the growth of yeast, and acetic acid and perfural were reported to have higher inhibitory effects than those used alone.
- most industrial microorganisms such as Escherichia coli and Clostridium acetobutylicum, can greatly reduce growth or metabolite production by some impurities in sugar solutions prepared from biomass. . Therefore, the use of excess liming, depolymerization using lignin peroxidase, etc. to detoxify various microbial inhibitors contained in sugar solution prepared from woody biomass. Research has been carried out.
- a method of washing the pretreatment before enzyme saccharification is also used.
- Inbicon which currently operates a pilot plant-scale bioalcohol manufacturing plant, heat-treats the biomass, removes liquids containing large amounts of microbial inhibitors through solid-liquid separation, and then washes the pretreated solids with water. It is known to use the method (Jan Larsen et al., 2012, Biomass and Bioenergy, 46, 36-45).
- microbial inhibitors such as acetic acid and phenolic compounds are released from the pretreatment, which requires more research and development to apply these methods to the production of fermentation sugars suitable for the culture of other fermentation strains. will be.
- Another method of removing acetic acid from biomass is to add sodium hydroxide to the biomass, heat it to hydrolyze and elute acetic acid, and then remove it by solid-liquid separation and water washing (Cho, DH et al., 2010, Bioresource Technology). , 10, 4947-4951).
- This method is performed before the dilute acid pretreatment of biomass. It is possible because of the cycle. In other words, biomass removed by hydrolysis of acetic acid in hemicellose by strong alkali treatment cannot be expected to undergo hydrolysis reaction of hemicell in the main chain by acid catalysis.
- the pretreatment effect can be expected only when it is heated to more than 25 ° C.
- This pretreatment technique is known as pH-controlled hot water pret reatment.
- Cellulose a structural component of l ignocel lulos ic biomass, which is a direct source of fermentation sugar production, accounts for 25% to 6 OT of biomass. It is a polymer made by dehydration condensation. When cellulose is acid-glycosylated or enzymatically hydrolysed to produce glucose, hemicellose and lignin contained in woody biomass act as obstacles. Therefore, pretreatment of biomass that can chemically decompose or disrupt tissue of at least one of hemicellulose and lignin before performing hydrolysis of cellulose is an essential process.
- Hemicellulose (15 to 35%), constituting wood-based biomass, has a side chain of glucose, galactose, mannose, and arabinose in the xylan skeleton formed by dehydration condensation of xylose. Since organic acids such as aci d) and acetic acid are connected by ester bonds, hydrolysis by an acid catalyst is relatively easy.
- the rate at which acetic acid is hydrolyzed and eluted from hemicelolos depends on the sever i ty of the pretreatment process, and the acetic acid remaining in the unreacted state is then hydrolyzed during enzymatic or acid glycosylation. .
- the acid concentration or pretreatment temperature must be higher to hydrolyze and remove all the acetic acid groups in the hemicells.
- xylose produced by the hydrolysis of hemicellulose is overly decomposed and glucose is decomposed into 2-fur fural, acetic acid and formic acid (formi c aci d). It is known that 5-hydroxymethyl -2-furalde (5-hydr oxyme thyl-2-fural dehyde, HMF) and levulinic acid may be produced.
- fermented sugars prepared by thermal hydrothermal treatment and enzymatic saccharification using wood-based biomass as raw materials contain perfural, HMF, phenolic substances and acetic acid as impurities. It is known to act to inhibit the growth or production of metabolites. Reportedly, in the study where the individual impurities were added to the artificially prepared sugar solution at different concentrations and tested using yeast as an ethanol fermentation strain, perfural did not affect the production of ethane, while HMF had a slight effect. At higher concentrations, acetic acid markedly inhibited the production of ethane (Jef f rey D. Keat ing et al., 2006, Biotechnology and Bioengineering, 93 (6), 1196-1206). In addition, phenolic compounds significantly inhibited the growth of yeast, and acetic acid and perfural have a higher inhibitory effect on ethanol production than those used alone. Reported.
- Excessive masonry technology for the detoxification of sugar solution is the most inexpensive technique because it is the least expensive, it is melted by lime until the pH of the sugar solution reaches 10, and then heated at a temperature below 60 ° C for a certain time .
- various impurities such as perfural, HMF and protein are precipitated and can be removed by filtration or precipitation.
- Another method of removing acetic acid from biomass is to add sodium hydroxide to the biomass, heat it to hydrolyze and elute acetic acid, and then remove it by solid-liquid separation and water washing (Cho, DH et al., 2010, Bioresource Technology). , 10, 4947-4951).
- This method is performed before the dilute acid pretreatment of biomass. It is possible because of the cycle.
- the biomass removed by hydrolysis of acetic acid possessed by hemicellulose by treating strong alkali in advance cannot be expected to hydrolyze the hemicellulosic main chain by acid catalysis.
- the pretreatment effect can be expected only by heating at more than 250 ° C.
- This pretreatment technique is known as pH controlled liquid hot water pretreatment.
- Wood-based biomass which mainly contains above-ground plants, is a structural component that forms a plant structure. It is composed of three polymers, cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin, and water is extracted with a solvent. It has many ingredients that can be. Starch, a reservoir of glucose in plants, is included in ⁇ total glucan '' along with cellulose.
- Glucose that can be made from these total glucans is fermentation engineering of bioalcohols such as bioethanol or biobutanol, monomers for synthesizing biopolymers such as lactic acid and succinic acid, and metabolites such as acetone and insulin. It is used as a major carbon source for microorganisms in manufacturing.
- Salorose one of the structural components of biomass, is closely linked by lignin, which is a polymer of hemicellulose and phenolic substances containing mainly pentose sugars such as xylose, by various chemical bonds, so that simple acid glycation or Since enzyme glycosylation cannot be readily converted to glucose, it is common to use a pretreatment technique that usually melts hemicellose or lignin to expose the cells, followed by further acid black hydrolysis with enzymes.
- lignin is a polymer of hemicellulose and phenolic substances containing mainly pentose sugars such as xylose, by various chemical bonds, so that simple acid glycation or Since enzyme glycosylation cannot be readily converted to glucose, it is common to use a pretreatment technique that usually melts hemicellose or lignin to expose the cells, followed by further acid black hydrolysis with enzymes.
- the woody biomass containing starch is not easily easy to fractionate the cellulose because the thermochemically relatively stable starch surrounds the cellulose with hemicellose and lignin. If starch-containing biomass is to be converted to glucose using conventional pretreatment and saccharification techniques, it must be pretreated at higher temperatures than starch-free biomass to increase glucose yield. At this high temperature, however, part of the starch is overly decomposed,
- HMF 5-hydroxy-2-peraldehyde
- the juice is first separated from palm bark containing a large amount of sugar and converted to ethanol black 3 ⁇ 4 acid through fermentation (CN-101589151; JP-2008-178355; Akihiko Kosugi et al., 2010, Ethanol and lactic acid product ion using sap squeezed from old oi 1 palm trunks fel led for re lanting, Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering, 110 (3), 322325), and separating parenchyma and vascular bundles from palm trunks.
- the conversion to ethanol (Prawitwong et al., 2012, Efficient ethanol product ion from separated parenchyma and vascular bundle of oil palm trunk, Bioresour.
- ethanol was prepared by fermenting sugar solution by pre-treatment of sulfuric acid, concentrated sulfuric acid saccharification and solid-liquid separation and fermentation with yeast (Chin et al., 2010, Optimization study of ethanol ic fermentation from oil palm trunk, rubberwood, and mixed hardwood hydrolysates us ing Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Bioresour. Technol.
- Vegetable biomass consists mainly of hemisalose, cellulose and lignin. Salulose is a simple polysaccharide in which glucose is dehydrated and condensed.
- Hemicellose is a high polysaccharide in which dehydration and condensation of glucose, xylose, and mannose are performed.
- cellulose and hemisalose can be converted to sugars using pretreatment techniques such as hydrolysis, and the converted sugars can be fermented and used in the manufacture of biofuels or chemicals.
- Hydrolysis for converting cellulose or hemicellularose to fermentable sugars mainly includes enzyme glycosylation using cel lul ase derived from gourd or bacteria and chemical glycosylation using catalysts such as acids and alkalis.
- Typical hydrolysis methods include concentrated sulfuric acid method, dilute sulfuric acid method and enzyme method.
- Concentrated sulfuric acid method is generally 70% concentration As a method of using the above sulfuric acid, salose and hemicellose are hydrolyzed under conditions of about 70 ° C at atmospheric pressure. After hydrolysis, the produced monosaccharide and sulfuric acid are separated and sulfuric acid is reused.
- the concentrated sulfuric acid method is characterized by high yield recovery and processing of various raw materials.
- the gray sulfuric acid method is a method of hydrolysis using a sulfuric acid of a concentration of several% at a temperature of 150 ⁇ 250 ° C, pressure 1 ⁇ 2 MPa conditions. At this time, since dilute sulfuric acid is used, it is common to neutralize the sulfuric acid without reuse.
- the dilute sulfuric acid method does not recover and reuse sulfuric acid, but the process configuration is simple, but the sugar is liable to be over-degraded because of high temperature and high pressure.
- the enzyme method is a method of hydrolysis using an enzyme. Since this method requires the enzyme to be efficiently contacted with cells or hemisal, it is necessary to decompose the biomass to some extent using dilute sulfuric acid or steam. In addition, there is a need to develop a special enzyme that efficiently breaks down tight bonds using genetic modification techniques.
- the main equipment of the enzyme method is that the cost of equipment is low because the enzyme and the biomass are mixed in the tank, but the manufacturing cost of the enzyme is high.
- Patent Application Publication No. 2011-94005 discloses a process of preparing an aqueous sugar solution by hydrolyzing a cellulose containing biomass; And filtering the obtained aqueous solution through a nanofiltration membrane and / or a reverse osmosis membrane to recover the purified sugar solution from the non-permeable side, and removing the fermentation inhibitor from the permeate side. I've done it.
- the method is easy to isolate the fermentation inhibitors, but is not preferable because the monosaccharides such as glucose, xylose and the like are also drawn out.
- an object of the present invention is to minimize the microbial inhibitors by using a series of pretreatment and enzyme saccharification processes that can maximize the yield of sugar and inhibit the growth of industrial fermentation strains as much as possible. It is to provide a method for producing bioethane from the mass in high yield.
- the present invention provides a method for preparing a high concentration and high purity sugar solution by removing fermentation inhibitors and concentrating the sugar solution using a separation membrane.
- wood-based biomass coarse-grained black powder is added to water and heated at 50 to 140 ° C for 1 to 60 minutes and then dehydrated (hot water extractable material removing step);
- step 2 2) adding water to the solid content obtained in step 1, and performing hot water pretreatment at 170 to 210 ° C. for 1 to 30 minutes (hot water pretreatment step);
- step 3 obtaining a solid containing a small amount of liquid by solid-liquid separation from the hydrothermal pretreatment obtained in step 2 (solid-liquid separation step);
- step 4 enzymatic glycosylation of the solid content obtained in step 3 at 45 to 55 ° C. by a celllase complex enzyme (enzymatic glycosylation step);
- step 5 recovering the sugar solution from the sugar solution obtained in step 4 by repeating the solid-liquid separation and extraction (sugar solution recovery step);
- step 6 filtering, concentrating and removing impurities from the sugar solution obtained in step 5 to obtain fermented sugar (fermented sugar obtaining step);
- the biomass is extracted with hot water before pretreatment to remove most of extractable substances such as proteins and inorganic salts, thereby minimizing impurities in the enzyme glycosylation raw material.
- pretreatment solids obtained by solid-liquid separation are then washed with water Concentration alone can produce fermented sugars for alcoholic fermentation.
- impurity load is reduced to reduce the purification cost, and there is no loss of salose by washing the pretreatment before enzymatic saccharification, maintaining a high sugar yield and minimizing microorganism growth in the pretreatment.
- bioethanol By enzymatic glycosylation at high temperatures with inhibitors, bioethanol can be prepared without the risk of unwanted microbial contamination such as lactic acid bacteria during the enzyme glycosylation period. Furthermore, by maximizing biomass utilization efficiency by recovering and raw materials the hot extractable components contained in the raw material biomass and relatively pure pretreated liquids containing xylo-oligosaccharides, which can be a source of dietary fiber or xylide, respectively. can do. In order to achieve the above object, the present invention
- It includes, and provides a method for producing a fermented sugar obtained by removing acetic acid from the wood-based biomass.
- the method of the present invention can significantly lower the concentration of acetic acid contained in the sugar solution as a result of enzymatic saccharification by removing acetic acid remaining in the untreated state in the pretreated solids after the hydrothermal pretreatment of biomass before the enzyme saccharification.
- the pretreatment effect is enhanced during the removal of the acetic acid to significantly increase the sugar yield that can be obtained by enzymatic saccharification and at the same time can significantly lower the content of other impurities in the sugar solution by the washing effect of the pretreatment.
- step 2 2) adding fibrin hydrolase to the pretreatment obtained in step 1, and enzymatic saccharification by treating with an alkaline reagent containing a base having a divalent or higher hydroxyl group having a second acetate dissociation constant (pA) of 8.0 or higher.
- pA second acetate dissociation constant
- the present invention provides a method for fermenting microorganisms using fermented sugar with reduced toxicity of acetic acid prepared according to the above method.
- the acetic acid contained in the pretreatment after the hydrothermal pretreatment of the biomass and the acetic acid remaining in the unreacted state in the pretreated solids are hydrolyzed in the enzyme saccharification and eluted in water,
- an alkaline reagent containing a base having a divalent or higher hydroxyl group having a p) of 8.0 or more By neutralizing with an alkaline reagent containing a base having a divalent or higher hydroxyl group having a p) of 8.0 or more, the effect of reducing the biological concentration of acetic acid, which inhibits the growth of microorganisms in the subsequent microbial fermentation, to 1/2 or less can be expected.
- the woody biomass containing starch is subjected to hydrothermal pretreatment under conditions where the yield of hemicellulose sugar is maximized, thereby minimizing the generation of carbohydrate overlysates, and without preliminarily separating the biomass pretreatment.
- starch or sugar can be prevented to maximize the utilization efficiency of cellulose and hemisal cellulose.
- the method of the present invention can maximize the utilization of starch and cellulose contained in the biomass by minimizing the feedback inhibit ion of the cellulase by glucose as the glucose is converted into metabolites by the microorganism. It allows the production of microbial metabolites in high yields despite the simple process.
- the present invention provides a method for producing a sugar solution comprising the following steps.
- step 1 1) modifying the polyamide nanofiltration membrane with sodium hypochlorite and polyethylene glycol methacrylate (step 1);
- step 2 filtering the sugar solution obtained by hydrolyzing the cellulose-based biomass with the modified polyamide nanofiltration membrane to recover the purified sugar solution on the non-permeable side, and removing the fermentation inhibitors on the permeate side (step 2).
- recovering the sugar solution from the permeate side by filtering the aqueous solution of sugar obtained by hydrolysis of the cellulose-based biomass between the step 1) and step 2) with a microfiltration membrane or an ultrafiltration membrane (Step 1-1). It may further include.
- the purified sugar solution is filtered through a reverse osmosis membrane to recover the purified sugar solution from the non-permeable side, and further comprising step K of step 2-1) of removing the fermentation inhibitor from the permeate side.
- a reverse osmosis membrane to recover the purified sugar solution from the non-permeable side, and further comprising step K of step 2-1) of removing the fermentation inhibitor from the permeate side.
- the polyamide nanofiltration membrane is modified to reduce surface charge, and then the sugar solution is filtered using the modified polyamide nanofiltration membrane to remove fermentation inhibitors and to purify the sugar solution.
- the removal rate of the fermentation inhibitors can be increased, thereby producing a high concentration and high purity sugar solution.
- the present invention is a.
- step 2 2) adding water to the solid content obtained in step 1, and performing hot water pretreatment at 170 to 210 ° C. for 1 to 30 minutes (hot water pretreatment step);
- step 3 obtaining a solid containing a small amount of liquid by solid-liquid separation from the hydrothermal pretreatment obtained in step 2 (solid-liquid separation step); 4) enzymatic glycosylation of the solid content obtained in step 3 at 45 to 55 ° C. by a celllase complex enzyme (enzymatic glycosylation step);
- step 5 recovering the sugar solution from the sugar solution obtained in step 4 by repeating the solid-liquid separation and extraction (sugar solution recovery step);
- step 6 filtering, concentrating and removing impurities from the sugar solution obtained in step 5 to obtain fermented sugar (fermented sugar obtaining step);
- 'ferment able sugar' refers to a sugar component that can be used for alcohol fermentation for producing bioethane and the like, and is used interchangeably with fermentable sugar or fermentable sugar. .
- Bioethanol production method of the present invention is a series of processes including the step of removing the hot water extractable material of the biomass, hot water pretreatment step, solid-liquid separation step, enzyme saccharification step, sugar solution recovery step, fermentation sugar obtaining step and alcohol fermentation step By minimizing the amount of impurities such as microbial inhibitors through the production of bioethane in the high yield as a result of the technical configuration features.
- the first step of removing the hot water extractable material is a step of adding water to the wood-based biomass coarse-grained black powder, heating it at 50 to 140 ° C. for 1 to 60 minutes, and then dehydrating it.
- the process is then carried out by minimizing the amount of substances that can inhibit the activity of cellulose hydrolase, such as inorganic salts contained in a large amount of herbal biomass during enzymatic saccharification of the pretreatment and sachari f icat ion rate
- substances that can inhibit the activity of cellulose hydrolase such as inorganic salts contained in a large amount of herbal biomass
- this process can be used to extract starch and free sugars, proteins, lipids, pectins, tannins, and various physiological activities contained in extractable substances in biomass. While recovering and refining useful materials such as alkaloids, organic acids and inorganic salts that can be represented, these materials may become useless during decomposition, condensation, deformation, or by Maillard react ion. Lowers the likelihood that proteins will turn into toxic substances.
- the process can recover or remove the extractable components by immersing the biomass in water and then extracting it with water, typically at a temperature at which the water solubility of the substance is maximized.
- the aqueous solution may be removed through solid-liquid separation before immersing the biomass in water and then stirring for 1 to 60 minutes at a temperature of 80 to 105 ° C. at the point that the elution of the extractable material is maximal.
- most extractable components of biomass can be removed.
- This process includes counter-current extract ion, co-current extract ion, and semi-batch extraction.
- Various extraction methods such as type extract ion and batch type extract ion can be used.
- the purpose of this process is to extract as much of the extractables as possible from the biomass with a minimum of hot water.
- the biomass pulverized product is placed in an extractor, extracted with hot water, solid-liquid separated to remove liquids.
- the removal efficiency of the extractable material is approximately 1: 4. Increase in proportion to water). For example, if 1 kg of biomass is added to 20 L of water and heated to 95 ° C, solid-liquid separation is performed to obtain 3 kg of solids and 18 L of aqueous solution. 90% of the extractable components are removed and only the remaining 10% is followed. Enter the pretreatment process.
- the high liquid ratio does not exceed 1:20 in consideration of dehydration cost and water treatment cost.
- the removal efficiency of extractables by silver water extraction of biomass increases with increasing temperature during extraction and solid-liquid separation. This is because most of the materials increase in water solubility in proportion to the temperature. Therefore, extraction and solid-liquid separation are 50 to It is preferably made at high silver, such as 140 ° C., preferably 80 to 105 ° C.
- the water content of the solid content after extraction of the extractable material varies depending on the method used and the application device, but is preferably about 50% to 90%. If necessary, a continuous centrifugal separator, filter press, drum filter, or screw press may be used to obtain the dehydrated solids as much as possible after the extraction process. Can be used.
- the second step of hydromass pretreatment of biomass is to minimize the production of microbial inhibitors and to maximize the sugar yield. When all the pretreatments obtained as a result of hydrothermal pretreatment are enzymatically glycosylated, It is a hydrothermal pretreatment performed by adding water under conditions in which the yield per hemicellose of xylan etc. becomes the maximum.
- the process can be accomplished by adding water to the solids obtained in step 1 and pretreating for 1 to 30 minutes at 170 to 2101 :.
- the hydrothermal pretreatment may be carried out by a batch type or by contuous pretreatment.
- the amount of water added to the raw material in the hydrothermal pretreatment, that is, the solid-liquid ratio is not particularly limited as long as it is more than a suitable amount to perform the hydrolysis reaction of the biomass. Given the carry over of the resulting microbial growth inhibitory material to the subsequent process, it is preferred that the ratio of raw material to water is in an increase ratio of 1: 3 to 1:15.
- the third step, the solid-liquid separation step is to obtain a solid containing a small amount of liquid by solid-liquid separation from the hydrothermal pretreatment obtained in step 2.
- the solid-liquid separation process may be performed according to all solid-liquid separation processes commonly used in the art, and examples thereof include centrifugation, suction filtration and pressure filtration.
- the pretreatment solids obtained by the solid-liquid separation may contain about 2 to 4 times the pretreatment liquid material of its own weight.
- the subsequent cells are not washed with hot water without washing the pretreatment solids. It is put into the saccharification process by the lyase complex enzyme.
- the pretreatment liquid contained in the solid content after the solid-liquid separation is preferably adjusted to contain 53 ⁇ 4 to 30% of the liquid contained in the pretreatment immediately after the pretreatment.
- the liquid substance contains an amount of microbial growth inhibitory substance suitable for inhibiting the growth of microorganisms that may be contaminated from the air, such as lactic acid bacteria, within 50 ° C, which is the optimum operating temperature of cellulose hydrolase. It has the advantage of enzymatic saccharification of pretreatment over 72 hours without sterilization. In addition, the liquid substance is able to suppress the contamination by microorganisms by maintaining the temperature of the sugar solution to 50 ° C or more even in the concentration recovery process using the separation membrane, the enzyme recovery or enzymatic glycosylation.
- the pretreatment liquid recovered by the solid-liquid separation contains a small amount of xylose, a large amount of xyloligosaccharides, acetic acid, a small amount of perfural, and a water-soluble lignin decomposition product produced by hydrolysis of hemicellulose, Step of the present invention
- the enzyme glycosylation step is a step of enzymatic glycosylation of the solids obtained in step 3 at an acidity of 45 to 55 ° C, H 4.8 to 5.2.
- the process converts cellulose and hemicellulose contained in the pretreated biomass into monosaccharides such as glucose and xylose.
- water may be additionally used when the cellulase complex enzyme is added and saccharified to the solid obtained in step 3, but the amount thereof may be limited in order to obtain a high concentration of sugar solution after saccharification. Therefore, the ratio of water to solid content during enzyme saccharification is preferably in the weight ratio of 1: 3 to 1:10 in terms of drying the biomass before pretreatment of the solid content.
- the enzymatic glycosylation of the pretreatment is a cellulase complexase containing hemicellulase, for example, a combination of Cel luc last ® 1.5L or Ce Hue last ® cone BG and Novozyme TM 188 ,
- a combination of Cel l ic CTec2 and Cel l ie HTec2 black is a combination of Cel lic CTec3 and hemicellarase, Cel luzyme ® , Cere lo ® and Ultraflo lo ® .) of heunhap formulation (more than Danish Novozymes product), Asher reora claim (Acel lerase TM), ramie Nex (Laminex ®) and Spanish atom (Spezyme ®) common compound (more than Genencor Int, Ltd.), Loja cement (Rohament ®; Rohm GmbH).
- the hydrothermal pretreatment contains some hemicellulose, hemicellulase can be added to promote the rate of hydrolysis, and the mixing ratio of sallase and hemicellulase is approximately 9: 1 to 10: 0. Degree is preferred.
- the amount of the cellulase complexase per lg during biomass drying is 0.001 g to 0.5 g is preferred.
- Enzymatic glycosylation should be maintained at pH 4.8 to 5.2 and temperature 50 ⁇ 1 ° C for the conditions under which the hydrolase exhibits maximum activity, ie, Cel lic CTec2 and Cel l HTec2 mixtures.
- the glycosylation preferably lasts from 24 hours to 96 hours.
- the pre-treatment liquid part remaining in the solid content in the enzymatic saccharification process contains a substance capable of partially inhibiting the activity of sallose hydrolase, such as xylose and xyloligosaccharide, so that the sugar yield in the enzyme saccharification is increased. May be slightly degraded. Therefore, in the present invention, the following two known methods can be used to increase the sugar yield in the enzymatic hydrolysis of the pretreatment.
- the first method is the addition of polyethylene glycol (PEG), which is known to enhance the activity of cellulose hydrolase during enzyme glycosylation (see US Pat. No. 7,972,826).
- the sugar solution recovery step is a step of recovering the sugar solution through the repetition process of solid-liquid separation and extraction from the sugar solution obtained in step 4.
- a method such as continuous centrifugation, a filter press, a batch centrifugation, a screw press, or the like may be used.
- the supernatant is recovered by centrifuging the saccharified substance, and the saccharified residue is diluted in the same volume of water and then centrifuged to recover the sugar solution.
- 99% or more of sugars produced by enzymatic saccharification can be recovered.
- the sixth step of obtaining a fermented sugar is a step of obtaining the fermented sugar by filtering, concentrating and removing impurities from the sugar solution obtained in step 5.
- the final sugar concentration of the sugar solution obtained in step 5 is dilute during the recovery of sugars and is lowered to around 50% of the initial concentration to about 60 g / L to 150 g / L. Concentration can increase the sugar concentration above 303 ⁇ 4>.
- the concentration process may be performed using reverse osmosis, nanofiltration, and the like which are well known in the art.
- the enzyme contained in the sugar solution may be recovered using ultrafiltration (ultrafiltration), or heated to denature the precipitate may be removed using a solid-liquid separation technique.
- the sugar solution prepared in a high concentration of 30% or more as a glucose concentration in order to prevent the deterioration due to microbial contamination during the storage of fermented sugar is organic acid, such as low concentration of acetic acid and formic acid produced by the hydrolysis of hemicellulose, trace amounts Contains a small amount of inorganic salts derived from biomass, phenolic compounds produced by the decomposition of HMF, lignin, and biomass.
- the concentration of these impurities, except for sugar is very low, and when the sugar solution is diluted to a level that can normally produce metabolites, it is used as a general strain for producing various chemicals and biofuels.
- the seventh step the alcoholic fermentation step
- the fermented sugar obtained is fermented using an ethanol fermentation strain.
- the fermentation step can be carried out according to a method known in the art for producing ethane from glucose.
- the ethanol fermentation strains include Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Escherichia col Escherichia coli, Clostris rhythm Bayerinki (7 ⁇ 5 ⁇ / 1 ⁇ 27 beijerinckii), Clostridium acetobutylicum os r / i / uw acetobutylicu) and Zymc onas mobilis, but are not limited thereto.
- the step 7 is the yeast extract and peptone to the fermentation sugar obtained in step 6, and then inoculated with Saccharomyces cerevisiae as an ethanol fermentation strain to 30 ⁇ 1 ° under anaerobic conditions By culturing at C.
- the culture can be carried out in a batch or continuous culture.
- wood-based biomass that can be used as raw materials in the bioethanol production method of the present invention include herbal biomass and wood-based biomass.
- biomass containing cellulose as a major sugar source such as algae biomass including microalgae and algae, can be used without limitation.
- Examples of herbaceous biomass include oil palm trunks, fronds, empty fruit bunches, sunflower stalks, rice straw, barley straw, straw, corn stalks, reeds, silver grass, switchgrass. Rapeseed stems, singular stems, sorghum stems, and buds.
- Examples of woody biomass include, but are not limited to, lily, willow, acacia, eucalyptus and spruce.
- the method for producing bioethanol using the wood-based biomass of the present invention as the raw material is the simplest method for fractionating the biomass to produce a high concentration of sugar solution in high yield, and from the bioethane in high yield. Since it can be prepared can maximize the utilization efficiency of the biomass. ⁇ Method of producing wood-based biomass raw material fermented sugar from which microorganism inhibitors are removed>
- Fermentation sugar production method (i) hydrothermal pre-treatment and solid-liquid separation step of the biomass, ( ⁇ ) alkaline water washing step, and (iii) enzymatic saccharification step through a series of processes including microbial growth such as acetic acid
- the technical construction characterizes the production of fermented sugars that can be used throughout the fermentation of various industrial microorganisms by minimizing the content of inhibitors.
- “fermented sugar” means a sugar that can be used for fermentation of microorganisms, and is distinguished from “sugar solution” which collectively refers to all solutions containing sugar.
- the first step is to solid-separate the pretreatment obtained by hydrothermal pretreatment of woody biomass to prepare a solid containing a minimum of liquid matter. Step (thermal water pretreatment and solid-liquid separation step).
- the hydrothermal pretreatment step may be carried out according to a method well known in the art, for example, hydrothermal pretreatment of wood-based biomass at 160 to 230 ° C. for 0.001 to 60 minutes. All solid-liquid separation methods commonly used in the art can be used to separate and remove the acidic liquids from the pretreatment obtained through the above process. Examples include centrifugation, rotary dehydration, suction filtration and pressure filtration. Can be.
- the second step of the method of the present invention by adding an aqueous alkali solution to the pretreated solids obtained in the first step and mixing them, the acetic acid in the liquid remaining in the pretreated solids is dissolved, and the acetic acid present in the unreacted state in the solids is dissolved. It is a step of removing the liquid containing acetic acid by solid-liquid separation (alkaline water washing step).
- the washing process of the pretreatment solids by the aqueous alkali solution is the core technology of the present invention, and the main purpose is to separate and remove the acetic acid groups which remain unhydrolyzed even after the pretreatment of the biomass.
- the aqueous alkali solution can be used as the base is dissolved or suspended in water, the base may be selected from the group consisting of, for example, calcium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide and a combination thereof, biomass to remove acetic acid It can be used without particular limitation as long as it is formulated to show alkalinity of pH 11 or higher when mixed with the pretreatment.
- reaction time are closely related to each other, and thus can be controlled within a certain range.
- the aqueous alkali solution added to the pretreatment solids may be neutralized with acetic acid already freed in the solids in order to maintain the reaction properties against the acetic acid chemically bound to hemicelose.
- concentration which can be made to be 11.5-14 when mixed with a pretreatment solid content is preferable.
- the amount of water to be used to adjust acidity to weak acidity or the amount of acid used as a neutralizing agent increases in order to maximize enzymatic activity in the enzymatic saccharification step.
- the reaction is effective in reducing the consumption of water and chemicals.
- the rate of acetic acid removal increases when the alkali concentration and washing time are constant.
- increasing the temperature of the reaction system can lower the concentration of the aqueous alkali solution used, and also reduce the washing time.
- the extraction efficiency at 80 ° C is higher than at 6C C even with aqueous potassium hydroxide solution of the same saturated concentration.
- the alkalinity of the aqueous alkali solution exceeds ioo ° c, a special device is required to maintain the pressure, and even at room temperature, when the pH of the reaction system is 11 or more, the removal of acetic acid occurs, so the washing temperature is between room temperature and 100 ° C. It is preferable to set below. In addition, in order to reduce reagent consumption and shorten the washing time, it is more preferable to select a temperature within this range, for example, 80 ° C. to 95 ° C. Minutes to 60 minutes.
- the amount of the alkali aqueous solution added to the pretreated solids is not particularly limited as long as it is equal to or greater than the amount that can be uniformly mixed with the pretreated solids, but considering the efficiency and cost of removing the acetate salt already produced after the reaction by solid-liquid separation or washing, It is desirable to adjust the amount.
- the addition amount of the aqueous alkali solution is a volume in which at least some of the liquid substance in the reaction system can be removed by solid-liquid separation such as screw press black or centrifugal filtration after reacting the pretreatment with the aqueous alkali solution (about 50% of water content).
- the third step is a step of enzymatic saccharification by adding fibrin hydrolase to the pretreated solids from which most of the acetic acid obtained in the second step is removed.
- the acidity is adjusted to pH 4.5-5.5 by adding acid to the pretreated solids from which most of acetic acid has been removed, followed by the addition of fibrin hydrolase.
- Fibrinase can be selected from the group consisting of Cel l ic CTec 2, Cel l ic HTec 2, and mixtures thereof : after treatment with the enzyme, it is maintained at 50 ° C. 1 ° C. Enzymatic glycosylation can be achieved by stirring for 72 hours.
- the enzyme saccharification material obtained through the enzyme saccharification step may produce fermented sugar from which acetic acid has been removed through a process such as centrifugation.
- Fermented sugar prepared according to the method of the present invention is characterized in that the acetic acid content is reduced to 1/2 or less compared to the sugar solution prepared without removing acetic acid after pretreatment.
- the yield of acetic acid produced from sunflower stalks decreased from 0.51 g to 0.09 g of acetic acid per 100 g of biomass, and from 0.25 g to 0.05 g of fermented sugar prepared from reeds, It became 5 or less (Examples 2 and 3).
- Fermented sugar prepared by the method of the present invention in the pretreatment and enzyme saccharification of biomass Very low concentrations of inorganic salts derived from biomass and phenolic compounds produced by the decomposition of acetic acid, perfural, HMF, and lignin, which can be produced, make it a universal strain for the production of various chemicals and biofuels.
- Beijerinckii lactic acid Lactococcus lactis (ac o rc s / ac / s) and lactobacillus ⁇ Lactobaci 1 his sp.), which are mainly used for the production of amino acids, corinbacterium glutamicum (b 3 ⁇ 4ebac e / "/ iw glut ami cum), suitable for fermentation of many industrial microorganisms such as Zyiwmonas mobilis, which are commonly used in the production of ethane, especially strains that can react very sensitive to acetic acid concentrations during growth.
- the present invention thus provides a microorganism using acetic acid-free fermented sugar prepared according to the method of the present invention.
- the wood-based biomass that can be used as a raw material in the method of the present invention includes both herbaceous biomass and wood-based biomass
- herbaceous biomass is an oil palm. Trunk, frond, empty fruit bunch, sunflower stalk, rice straw, barley straw, straw, corn stalk, reed, pampas grass, switchgrass, rapeseed stalk, singular stalk, sorghum stalk, etc.
- wood-based biomass examples include, but are not limited to, lily, willow, acacia, eucalyptus, spruce, and the like.
- the method for producing a lychee sugar is, in principle, hydrolyzed by an acid catalyst, such as thermal water pretreatment.
- an acid catalyst such as thermal water pretreatment.
- step 2 2) adding fibrin hydrolase to the pretreatment obtained in step 1, and enzymatic saccharification by treating with an alkaline reagent containing a base having a divalent or higher hydroxyl group having a second acetate dissociation constant (pv 2 ) of 8.0 or more.
- the method for producing a fermented sugar according to the present invention comprises the steps of 1) preparing a pretreatment for enzymatic saccharification by hydrothermal pretreatment of biomass, and 2) having a divalent or higher hydroxyl group having a second acetate dissociation constant (P) of acetate of 8.0 or more.
- P a second acetate dissociation constant
- Scheme 1 shows the production and dissociation of acetate.
- M is calcium, barium or magnesium
- the first step is to prepare a pretreatment for enzymatic saccharification by hydrothermal pretreatment of biomass.
- the pretreatment for enzyme saccharification is a) the whole liquid and solids obtained by hydrothermal pre-treatment of wood-based biomass; b) solids obtained by solid-liquid separation of wood-based biomass after hot water pretreatment; And c) a solid obtained by hot water pretreatment of the wood-based biomass followed by solid-liquid separation, and then washed with water or an aqueous alkali solution, and then dehydrated.
- the enzyme glycation pretreatment may be prepared by the following three methods.
- the first method of preparing the pretreatment for enzyme saccharification is to use the entire pretreatment, including both the pretreatment liquid and solids obtained by hydrothermal pretreatment of wood-based biomass, as it is for enzyme saccharification.
- both the acetic acid contained in the pretreatment liquid and the acetic acid remaining in the untreated state in the pretreatment solid may be converted into acetate through neutralization by an alkaline reagent having a divalent or higher hydroxyl group in the enzymatic saccharification process.
- the second method of preparing a pretreatment for enzymatic saccharification is to remove the liquid as much as possible by solid-liquid separation of the pretreatment obtained by hydrothermal pretreatment of wood-based biomass. Removing as much of the acidic pretreatment liquid as possible after pretreatment reduces not only the residual amount of acetic acid but also the amount of chemicals required in subsequent enzymatic saccharification steps.
- all solid-liquid separation methods commonly used in the art may be used to separate and remove the acidic liquid from the pretreatment, and examples thereof include centrifugation, rotary dehydration, suction filtration, and pressure filtration.
- the third method of preparing a pretreatment for enzyme saccharification is to wash the solids obtained by solid-liquid separation after hydrothermal pretreatment of wood-based biomass, followed by dehydration to remove all remaining acetic acid.
- the hydrothermal pretreatment step may be performed according to a method well known in the art, for example, hydrothermal pretreatment for 1 to 60 minutes at 160-23C C wood-based biomass.
- the enzyme saccharification pretreatment obtained in the first step is transferred to a saccharification tank, hydrolyzed by adding fibrin hydrolase, and the temperature at which the activity of the enzyme is maximized, acidity and stirring Enzymatic glycosylation while maintaining the rate.
- An alkaline aqueous solution containing a base having a divalent or higher hydroxyl group in which the second acetic acid dissociation constant (Pi 2 ) of this alkali acetate is 8.0 or more is used as an alkaline reagent for pH adjustment to maintain a constant acidity.
- Use is the core technology of the present invention.
- the temperature and agitation rate at which the enzyme activity is maximized are different depending on the enzyme, but can not be limited, for example, Cel lic CTec2 and Cel lic HTec2 of Novozymes (Denmark Enzyme Manufacturer)
- the stirring speed may be 50 to 200 rpm.
- Fermented sugars prepared according to the method of the present invention may contain acetic acid converted to a counter salt.
- the counter salt the acetic acid [cal cium di acetate, Ca (CH 3 C00) 2 ] of Scheme 1 will be described.
- the second step of the present invention using calcium hydroxide aqueous solution or calcium hydroxide suspension to maintain the optimum pH of the enzyme pH 4.5 to pH 5.5 is produced by hydrolysis of hemicellose. Acetic acid is neutralized to produce calcium acetate.
- the dissociated acetic acid is toxic because it can enter the mitochondria of microorganisms and disturb the energy metabolism, but the calcium acetate cation with the second acetic acid group can hardly dissociate in acidic or neutral acidity. Crossroads It can't work. Therefore, even though it is analyzed that the fermented sugar prepared according to the method of the present invention contains acetic acid at the same concentration as the fermented sugar prepared normally, the concentration of acetic acid harmful to the microorganism is weak when culturing the industrial microorganism with the carbon source. It has an effect of reducing to less than half.
- Alkaline reagents that can be used in the process of the present invention are bases having a bivalent or higher hydroxyl group with a second acetate dissociation constant (pa 2 ) of acetate when converted to acetate, and are nontoxic to microorganisms at pH near neutral. If it is, it will not specifically limit.
- bases may be used in the form of fine powder to be added directly for the neutralization of the sugar solution, or may be used as an aqueous solution of an alkali dissolved in water or as a colloidal suspension by wet-pulverizing the base.
- the base include calcium hydroxide, barium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide and the like, preferably calcium hydroxide.
- the hydroxide can be prepared in the form of an aqueous solution, but due to the low water solubility (0.17g / 100ml, 25 ° C), an excessive amount of aqueous solution can be used to significantly reduce the concentration of the sugar solution.
- calcium hydroxide is finely pulverized to have an average particle diameter of 0.001 to 10 / m, and more preferably used in the form of a high concentration colloidal suspension.
- the concentration of calcium hydroxide included in the suspension may be, for example, l% (w / w) to 20% (w / w).
- the enzyme saccharification material obtained through the enzymatic saccharification step may be obtained by recovering the sugar solution through a process such as centrifugation, thereby obtaining a fermented sugar containing acetic acid with reduced toxicity.
- Wood based biomass that can be used as a raw material in the fermentation sugar production method of the present invention includes both herbal based biomass and wood based biomass.
- herbaceous biomass include oil palm (trunk), frond, empty frui t bunch, sunflower stalk, rice straw, barley, straw, corn stalk, reed, silver grass, Switchgrass, rapeseed stem, singular stem, sorghum stalk, buds, and the like
- examples of wood-based biomass may include, but not limited to, lilies, willows, acacia, eucalyptus, spruce.
- the method for preparing a fermented sugar according to the present invention can reduce the toxicity of acetic acid without removing acetic acid generated by hydrolysis of hemisal, it is useful for preparing a sugar solution for fermentation based on woody biomass.
- 1) containing starch Pretreatment of the wood-based biomass pulverized with steam or water under the following conditions: a) the temperature range of 170 ° C. to 230 ° C. and b) the yield of the hemicellose sugar produced in step 2) is maximum. Reaction time to become; 2) saccharifying the whole pretreatment using cellulase or sallase complex enzyme without solid-liquid separation; And 3) fermenting the microorganisms by adding microorganisms to the sugars, and providing a method for preparing a microbial metabolite from woody biomass containing starch.
- Reaction time for maximum yield 5) saccharifying the whole pretreatment using cellulase or cellulase complexase without solid-liquid separation; And 6) provides a method for producing a microbial metabolite from wood-based biomass containing starch, comprising the step of fermentation by adding microorganisms to the sugar.
- the present invention when preparing a metabolite of microorganisms such as bioethanol or acid from woody biomass containing starch, under severe conditions such that the yield of hemicellose sugar is maximized without extracting or recovering starch in advance.
- a method (method 1) for producing a microbial metabolite from a starch-containing biomass containing starch comprises: 1) steam or woody biomass mill containing starch; Pre-treating the hydrothermal water with water under the following conditions: a) the reaction time in which the yield of the hemicellose sugar produced in step 2) is maximized, a) in the temperature range of 170 ° C. to 230 ° C .; 2) saccharifying the whole pretreatment using cellulase or cellulase complexase without solid-liquid separation; And 3) fermenting by adding microorganisms to the sugars.
- the method (method 2) for preparing microbial metabolites from starch-containing biomass containing starch comprises: 1) boiling starch-based woody biomass pulverized product or Gelatinization and swelling with water vapor; 2) adding starch hydrolase to the gelatinized and swollen biomass mill to hydrolyze starch; 3) fermentation by adding microorganisms to the hydrolyzed biomass pulverized product; 4) subjecting the fermented biomass pulverized product to hydrothermal pretreatment using steam or water under the following conditions: a) a temperature range of 170 ° C. to 230 ° C. and b) of the hemicelose sugar produced in step 5).
- woody biomass containing starch used in the method of the present invention refers to woody biomass containing starch as a component in addition to salose, hemicellose and lignin in woody biomass.
- wood-based biomass containing the starch examples include trunks and palms of palm trees such as oil palm and sago palm; Food crops containing a large amount of starch in the root, such as cassava and sweet potato, and containing cellulose, hemisalulose, and lignin as components; And And by-products produced during the milling of grains such as rice bran, wheat bran, corn bran, and barley bran.
- microorganism used in the method of the present invention refers to alcohols such as ethanol, propane, propanediol, butanol and butanediol, using saccharides such as glucose or fructose as a carbon source; Ketones such as acetone and lactone; Amino acids such as lysine; Organic acids such as acetic acid, lactic acid, butyric acid, fumaric acid, maleic acid, succinic acid, gamma aminobutyric acid, amino valeric acid and glutaric acid; benzene; Or it means a strain for fermentation used in the biochemical industry to produce microbial metabolites such as hydrocarbons.
- microorganisms include the genus Esccher i chi a, genus Sacharomyces, genus Serrat ia, genus Lactobaci 1 lus, genus Lactococcus, and genus Lucono.
- examples include the genus Xeuconostoc, the genus Corynebacterium, the genus Brevibacter ium, or the genus Clostr idium, as long as they provide beneficial metabolites to humans. The kind is not specifically limited.
- microbial metabolite used in the method of the present invention refers to a biochemical that can be produced by microorganisms using sugars (e.g. glucose rounds) as a carbon source, for example ethane, propanol, propanediol, butanol Alcohols such as butanedi; Ketones such as acetone and lactone; Amino acids of lysine donuts; Organic acids such as acetic acid, lactic acid, butyric acid, fumaric acid, maleic acid, succinic acid, gamma aminobutyric acid, amino valeric acid and glutaric acid; benzene; Hydrocarbons; and the like.
- sugars e.g. glucose rounds
- sugars e.g. glucose rounds
- sugars e.g. glucose rounds
- sugars e.g. glucose rounds
- sugars e.g. glucose rounds
- sugars e.g. glucose rounds
- sugars e.g. glucose rounds
- sugars
- starch hydrolysis used in the method of the present invention means to hydrolyze starch contained in biomass with starch hydrolase (or amylase complexase), and to hydrolyze starch of corn or potato.
- starch hydrolase or amylase complexase
- the biomass contains different kinds of carbohydrates in different ratios, the composition and addition ratio of the starch hydrolase may be different.
- ⁇ -amylase, amyloglucosidase, invertase, or combinations thereof may be used.
- the starch hydrolysis process is for producing glucose which is supplied to the carbon source in the subsequent microbial fermentation by first hydrolyzing the starch contained in the biomass.
- the process comprises suspending the biomass powder in water and adding starch hydrolase and stirring at 30 to 70 ° C., preferably 5 (rc for a period of time, while maintaining the acidity constant.
- the method may further include warm sterilization before adding the enzyme to the biomass powder suspension, and a higher amount of starch in order not to give the microorganisms time to breed.
- hydrolysis of biomass refers to water vapor in biomass to facilitate hydrolysis of cellulose or black hemicellose in the biomass saccharification process. Or a process of thermochemical treatment after addition of water, and a monosaccharide process by salulose hydrolase. (enzymat ic hydrolysi s), black refers to the previous step of the co-glycosylation process in which enzymes and fermentation strains are carried out together by thermochemically hydrolyzing and dissolving hemicellose in biomass. It is a process to increase the reactivity of the hydrolose of rollose.
- enzyme glycosylation refers to glucose and xylose, such as cellulose and hemicellulose, which are contained in pretreated biomass, using so-called cellulase complexase. It means the process to convert to monosaccharides.
- cel luase as plex refers to a complex enzyme containing hemicellose hydrolase, starch hydrolase, etc., in addition to cellulase. In the form of a polymer It converts carbohydrates, cellulose and hemicellose into monosaccharides.
- Examples of such enzymes include CEL luclast ® 1.5L or CEL luclast ® cone BG and Novozyme TM 188, a combination of Cel ic CTec2 and Celel ic) A combination of HTec2, Cell ic CTec3 and Celic HTec2, Celluzyme®, Cereflo® and Ultraflo® Combination Agents (from Danish Novozymes), Accelase (Accellerase TM), Laminex® and Spzyme® Combination Agents (from Genencor Int.), Or Rohament®; Rohm GmbH).
- a complex enzyme containing at least starch hydrolase, salulose hydrolase, and hemicellulose hydrolase is produced by many protein makers at home and abroad, such as Denmark and the United States, and is commercially available.
- enzyme glycosylation and fermentation may be performed simultaneously. That is, steps 2 and 3 in the method 1 of the present invention described above, and steps 2 and 3, and steps 5 and 6 in the method 2 of the present invention are simultaneously performed, thereby simulating co-glycosylation ferment at ion technology may be applied.
- the wood-based biomass containing the starch used in the method of the present invention is finely ground and the hydrolysis rate by the starch hydrolase black or invertase is high and the hydrolysis efficiency is high.
- starch is gelatinized and swelled during sterilization with boiling water, so the hydrolysis rate and hydrolysis efficiency by the enzyme may be increased.
- biomass has a diameter of 0.1 mm to 50 mm or less. It is preferred to be crushed or crushed.
- step 1 of Method 1 comprises starch. It is a step of preparing a pretreatment by preheating the wood-based biomass pulverized product containing steam or water using hot water. At this time, the hemicellulose in the biomass is partially hydrolyzed and dissolved in water, thereby increasing the surface area of the biomass, thereby increasing the hydrolysis efficiency of the cellulose in subsequent enzymatic saccharification.
- the amount of water that participates in the hydrolysis reaction of hemicellulose is not high, but in order for the heat to be evenly transferred and the reaction to be uniform, the biomass must be added sufficiently wet.
- Hot water 3 ⁇ 4 treatment of the wood-based biomass containing starch according to the present invention is a process of steaming the biomass with steam or water of silver, wherein the present invention is characterized in that the hydrothermal pre-treatment under the following conditions: a) from 170 ° C. A temperature range of 230 ° C. and b) a reaction time for which the yield of hemicellose sugars produced in step 2) is maximal.
- the hydrothermal pretreatment conditions include a) a temperature range of 170 ° C. to 230 ° C., and b) a hemicellulose sugar produced by enzymatic saccharification using all of the pretreatment as a substrate after the hydrothermal pretreatment, ie, xylose and The reaction time is such that the amounts of galactose, arabinose and mannose are maximal.
- Such hydrothermal pretreatment conditions are, for example, about 20 to 30 minutes at 180 ° C in batch-type pretreatment of a palm trunk, about 10 minutes at 190 ° C, and about 5 at 20 ° C. After heating for a minute, it is rapidly detected.
- the most suitable hydrothermal pretreatment condition of starch-containing biomass biomass is a complex function of pretreatment temperature and reaction time, and the reaction time becomes shorter as the pretreatment temperature is increased. That is, in the temperature range of 170 ° C to 23 C C described in the present invention, when hot water is pretreated at a low temperature, the reaction time for maximizing the yield per hemicellose is long, In the case of hot water pretreatment at high silver content, the reaction time for the maximum yield per hemicellulose is shortened. As an example, as shown in FIG.
- the reaction time at which the yield per hemisalorose is maximized during the hydrothermal pretreatment at 180 ° C is about 20 to 30 minutes, and about 10 minutes at 19C C. , About 5 minutes at 200 ° C.
- hot water pretreatment at 180 ° C for about 20 minutes has the highest yield per hemicellose (see FIG. 1).
- Such pretreatment conditions may vary depending on the type of woody biomass containing starch, and these conditions are the hot water pretreatment conditions of the woody biomass containing starch in the present invention.
- the hydromass is glycosylated with the hydrolase complex enzyme after pretreatment of the biomass under the above conditions, the yield of hemicellulose sugar can be maximized, and the production of sugar perlysates and the generation of lignin decomposition products can be minimized. It is suitable for the production of metabolites by subsequent microbial fermentation.
- the hydrothermal pretreatment conditions are increased, the production of carbohydrate perdegradants and the generation of lignin decomposition products are increased, resulting in poor growth or fermentation of microorganisms during subsequent enzymatic saccharification and microbial fermentation.
- step 2 of method 1 is carried out without the solid-liquid separation of the whole biomass pretreatment obtained in step 1 It is a step of glycosylation using a lyase complexase.
- the biomass pretreatment obtained in step 1 is partially soluble starch solubilized from starch, in addition to the water-soluble components contained in the biomass such as proteins and inorganic salts from the beginning, And a very small amount of lignin decomposition products by pyrolysis of xylose, xylolygosaccharide, acetic acid, arabinose and lignin produced by the hydrolysis of hemicelolos.
- Step 2 is the process of enzymatic saccharification by adding starch and fibrinase.
- the pretreated solids are separated and recovered from the liquid phase by sol id-l iquid separat ion and then glycosylated by enzymes in the present invention. It is characterized by using all of the pretreatment for enzyme saccharification. This is because a large amount of starch black sugar is contained in the liquid obtained after the pretreatment, and there are few substances that inhibit the growth of microorganisms. In this way, all the biomass containing starch or sugar can be saccharified and used for fermentation of microorganisms.
- step 3 of method 1 is a step of fermentation by adding microorganisms to the biomass saccharose obtained in step 2. Fermentation by microorganisms at this stage using the target strain.
- the conditions are not particularly limited since they do not differ significantly from conventional fermentation.
- the protein components already contained in the biomass may act as nutrients in the fermentation of microorganisms, the object may be achieved by adding only a small amount or no protein source such as peptone or yeast extract, which is used in a conventional microbial medium. .
- monosaccharides are rapidly converted into metabolites by microorganisms.
- starch black is inhibited from enzymatic activity by inhibiting feedback activity of monosaccharides produced by saccharification of cellulose and hemicellose.
- starch or cellulose which is not glycosylated and remains in the pretreatment, may be converted to monosaccharides and then to microbial metabolites.
- the hydrothermal pretreatment conditions of starch-containing woody biomass are the hemicellulose sugars produced by enzymatic saccharification using all of the pretreatments after the hydrothermal pretreatment, that is, xylose and galactose. , Even if the amount of arabinose and mannose is limited to the maximum temperature and reaction time The yield of microbial metabolites obtained by subsequent enzymatic saccharification and microbial fermentation can be very high. Under normal conditions, hydrothermal pretreatment of biomass under these conditions results in very low glucose conversion of cellulose by subsequent enzymatic saccharification.
- the liquid-liquid containing various enzyme inhibitors is removed by the solid-liquid separation of the pretreatment, and only the solids are glycosylated with the enzyme, or the refining of the solids enhances the enzyme glycosylation efficiency.
- the present invention is to provide a method for producing a microbial metabolite in high yield without this process.
- steps 2 and 3 may be integrated with each other to simultaneously perform saccharification and fermentation of the biomass pretreatment.
- Such coglycosylated fermentation is not particularly different from conventional coglycosylated fermentation of biomass, so the method is not particularly limited.
- the microbial fermentation may be performed at a slight time difference after the start of enzymatic saccharification of the pretreatment in consideration of the production rate and conversion efficiency of the metabolite. The time difference is from 1 minute to 24 hours, preferably about 2 hours.
- the biggest feature of the starch-containing woody biomass treatment method according to the present invention is the use of hot water pretreatment conditions in which the yield of hemicellulose sugar is maximized in pretreatment of biomass, and the enzyme is added to all the pretreatments. It is a glycosylated compound, and all of the saccharin is used as a carbon source for microbial fermentation.
- the use of heat pretreatment conditions in which the yield of hemicellose sugars is maximized in the pretreatment of biomass lowers the glucose conversion rate by subsequent enzymatic saccharification, but allows the whole sugars to be used for microbial fermentation without detoxification.
- step 1 of Method 2 adds boiling water or water vapor to the wood-based biomass containing starch to gelatinize the starch and Sterilization while swelling the mass.
- the ratio of biomass and water is preferably 1: 3 to 1:20.
- the ratio is 1: 5 to 1: : 15 is more preferable.
- Step 2 of Method 2 is a step of hydrolyzing starch by adding starch hydrolase to the starch-enriched biomass suspension, and may use a method as described in the description of the term.
- This starch hydrolysis step is preferably limited to the reaction time within 24 hours to prevent contamination of unwanted microorganisms, the amount of starch hydrolase used for this depends on the amount of starch contained in the biomass Although not particularly limited, it may be approximately 3 to 30 n L per 1 g of starch.
- Step 3 of Method 2 is a step of inoculating the microorganisms in a suspension containing the starch hydrolyzate to ferment.
- most of the glucose produced by the hydrolysis of starch can be converted by the microorganism into relatively chemically stable microbial metabolites at high temperatures such as ethanol and butanol.
- This conversion of starch to microbial metabolites not only has the effect of removing starch, which is believed to act as an obstacle to the hydrolysis reaction of hemicellulose in subsequent hydrothermal pretreatment, but also the enzyme feedback in subsequent enzymatic glycosylation after hydrothermal pretreatment. It has the effect of lowering the initial concentration of glucose, which acts as an inhibitor, thus maximizing the yield of the final microbial metabolite.
- microorganisms inoculated to convert glucose to microbial metabolites at this stage are the same as the microorganisms to be used in later stages 6 Although it may be different, it is not particularly limited except that the material produced as a result of the fermentation acts as an acid in step 4 to render the hydrothermal pretreatment impossible or harmful to the microorganism to be cultured in step 6.
- the biomass suspension containing the starch hydrolyzate at this stage already contains a significant amount of nutrients necessary for the fermentation of proteins and inorganic salt microorganisms, so there may be no special additives for the composition of the medium. It is desirable to limit the type and amount of the substance within the range that the hydrothermal pretreatment does not convert it to toxic substances.
- the remaining steps 4, 5 and 6 of the method 2 are not significantly different from the steps 1, 2 and 3 of the method 1.
- steps 2 and 3 of Method 2 are integrated with each other to simultaneously perform saccharification and fermentation by enzymes of gelatinized starch.
- Such coglycosylated fermentation is not particularly different from conventional coglycosylated fermentation of biomass, so the method is not particularly limited.
- the microbial fermentation may be performed at a slight time difference after the start of saccharification by the enzyme of starch in consideration of the production rate and conversion efficiency of the metabolite. The time difference is from 1 minute to 24 hours, preferably about 2 hours.
- steps 5 and 6 of Method 2 may be integrated with each other to simultaneously perform saccharification and fermentation of the biomass pretreatment.
- Such coglycosylated fermentation is not particularly different from conventional coglycosylated fermentation of biomass, so the method is not particularly limited.
- the microbial fermentation may be performed at a slight time difference after the start of enzymatic saccharification of the pretreatment in consideration of the production rate and conversion efficiency of the metabolite. The time difference is from 1 minute to 24 hours, preferably about 2 hours.
- the starch contained in biomass is first glycosylated with enzyme and then converted into glucose, and then converted into microbial metabolite by fermentation of microorganisms, thereby maximizing subsequent hydrothermal treatment, enzyme saccharification and microbial fermentation efficiency.
- the yield of the metabolite is much higher than Method 1 for treating woody biomass containing starch according to the present invention.
- the method for efficiently preparing microbial metabolites from starch-containing woody biomass according to the present invention can produce microbial metabolites in much higher yields than conventional pretreatment and saccharification techniques.
- the present invention provides a method for preparing a sugar solution comprising the following steps.
- step 1 1) modifying the polyamide nanofiltration membrane with sodium hypochlorite and polyethylene glycol methacrylate (step 1);
- step 2 filtering the sugar solution obtained by hydrolyzing the cellulose-based biomass with the modified polyamide nanofiltration membrane to recover the purified sugar solution on the non-permeable side, and removing the fermentation inhibitors on the permeate side (step 2).
- Step 1 is a step of modifying the polyamide nanofiltration membrane with sodium hypochlorite and polyethylene glycol methacrylate, the step of modifying the polyamide nanofiltration membrane to reduce the surface charge.
- polyamide nanofiltration membrane used in the present invention means a nanofiltration membrane whose functional layer is composed mainly of polyamide.
- the polyamide nanofiltration membrane usable in the present invention is prepared by using meta-phenylene diamine as diamine and trimesoyl chloride as acid chloride. Aromatic polyamide nanofiltration membranes.
- the polyamide nanofiltration membrane is modified so as to reduce the surface charge in step 1) for effective removal of the fermentation inhibitor, and then used in the filtration step.
- the modification of step 1) may be performed by immersing the polyamide nanofiltration membrane in an aqueous solution containing sodium hypochlorite and polyethylene glycol methacrylate.
- the concentration of sodium hypochlorite is preferably 0.5 to 3% by weight. If the concentration of sodium hypochlorite is lower than the lower limit, the semi-ungseong is too low to have a disadvantage in that the modification effect is not large. If the concentration is higher than the upper limit, the separator is decomposed.
- the concentration of the polyethylene glycol methacrylate is preferably 0.05 to 0.5% by weight. If the concentration of the polyethylene glycol methacrylate is lower than the lower limit, there is a disadvantage that the degree of substitution is too low and the modification effect is lowered. If the concentration of the polyethylene glycol methacrylate is higher than the upper limit, the modification effect does not need to be higher than the upper limit because it is no longer increased.
- Step 1-1 is a step of recovering the sugar solution from the permeate side by filtering the aqueous solution of sugar obtained by hydrolysis of the cellulose-based biomass with a microfiltration membrane or an ultrafiltration membrane, before the nanofiltration membrane is filtered with a nanofiltration membrane.
- the ultrafiltration membrane is used to filter out macromolecules or particles.
- the microfiltration membrane or the ultrafiltration membrane may be prepared using a fluorine-based, cellulose-based, polysulfone-based, vinyl-based polymer, or a combination thereof.
- step 2 the sugar solution obtained by hydrolyzing the cellulose-based biomass is filtered through the modified polyamide nanofiltration membrane to obtain a purified sugar solution on the non-permeable side. Recovering and removing the fermentation inhibitors from the permeate side, the sugar solution is filtered through a modified polyamide nanofiltration membrane to concentrate the sugar solution and to remove the fermentation inhibitors.
- cellulosic biomass used in the present invention refers to a biomass comprising polysaccharide cel lulose, which is a main component of the cell wall, as a biomass of wood or herbal.
- Hydrolysis of the cellulose-based biomass can be carried out by any method known in the art such as concentrated sulfuric acid method, dilute sulfuric acid method and enzyme method. Specifically, selreul Los Biomass hydrolysis of 2% (wAv) concentration of sulfuric acid (sul fur ic acid) used in the temperature 150-250 ° C, 60 cho ⁇ 10 minutes at pressure conditions of about 1 ⁇ 2 MPa Can be carried out.
- the aqueous sugar solution obtained by hydrolyzing the cellulose-based biomass, along with monosaccharides such as glucose or xylose contains a fermentation inhibitor.
- the aqueous solution of sugar may contain sugar, cellulose, salt (KC1) and the like.
- fermentation inhibitor used in the present invention refers to a substance capable of inhibiting the growth of the microorganisms by inhibiting the growth of the fermentation product by acting inhibitory in the fermentation process using a microorganism. Therefore, fermentation inhibitors must be removed during the preparation of the sugar solution so that the fermentation process can be effectively performed.
- the fermentation inhibitor that can be removed in the present invention may be at least one selected from the group consisting of an organic acid, a furan compound, and a phenol compound.
- examples of the organic acid include acetic acid or formic acid
- examples of the furan compound include furfural, hydroxymethyl furfural, and the like.
- the preparation method of the sugar solution of the present invention is characterized in that the filtration of step 2) is performed by diafiltration to efficiently remove the fermentation inhibitor. That is, the amount of permeated water is added to remove fermentation inhibitors.
- the pH of the aqueous sugar solution in step 2) may be 4 to 8.
- the temperature of the sugar solution in step 2) may be 15 to 40 ° C.
- the purified sugar solution is filtered through a reverse osmosis membrane to recover the purified sugar solution from the non-permeable side, and the fermentation inhibitor is removed from the permeate side. Filtration further concentrates the sugar solution and further removes fermentation inhibitors.
- Reverse osmosis membranes usable in the present invention may be aromatic polyamide reverse osmosis membranes prepared using meta-phenylene diamine as diamine and trimesoyl chloride as acid chloride.
- the reverse osmosis membrane is preferably used to reduce the anion charge on the surface. Do not use a reverse osmosis membrane for seawater desalination or a low pressure reverse osmosis membrane with a relatively high degree of charge on the surface.
- the modification of the reverse osmosis membrane can be carried out by immersing the reverse osmosis membrane in an aqueous solution containing sodium hypochlorite and polyethylene glycol methacrylate.
- the concentration of sodium hypochlorite is preferably 0.5 to 3% by weight. If the concentration of sodium hypochlorite is lower than the lower limit, the semi-ungseong is too low to have a disadvantage in that the modification effect is not large. If the concentration is higher than the upper limit, the separator is decomposed.
- the concentration of the polyethylene glycol methacrylate is preferably 0.05 to 0.5 weight 3 ⁇ 4>. If the concentration of the polyethylene glycol methacrylate is lower than the lower limit, there is a disadvantage that the degree of substitution is too low and the modification effect is lowered. In the present invention, the immersion can be carried out for 3 to 30 minutes.
- the filtration of step 2-1) may be performed by a diafiltration method to efficiently remove the fermentation inhibitors. That is, the amount of permeated water is added to remove fermentation inhibitors.
- the reverse osmosis membrane used in the present invention is modified to reduce the charge on the surface and less anion on the surface, there is no need to adjust the pH of the aqueous solution to acidic acid for the separation of fermentation inhibitors, especially organic acids such as acetic acid and formic acid.
- the pH of the aqueous sugar solution in step 2-1) may be 6 to 9.
- the temperature of the sugar solution in step 2-1) may be 15 to 40 ° C.
- Example 1 was weighed to 360 g of sunflower stems powder known composition fermented sugar manufacturing components for sunflower stem as a raw material into the building into the rung bag, and then distilled water for the rung bag 3, 95 ° containing 600 g C steamer And heated for 10 minutes. Then the bagwood was put in a centrifugal dehydrator and dehydrated.
- the bagwood was put in a 95 ° C steamer containing 2,400 g of distilled water to sufficiently absorb water, and then drained and dehydrated with a dehydrator.
- the contents of the bagwood were divided into three parts and placed in a 2 L jar (Parr reactor; Parr Instrument Co. Ltd., USA), and distilled water was added so that the contents weighed 1 and 500 g, respectively.
- the reaction vessel was heated and pretreated hydrothermally for 5 minutes at 190 ° C. After the reaction was completed, the bottle was immersed in running water and rapidly cooled, and the contents were transferred to the bag of minerals. Repeat this procedure five more times to produce a total of 720 g of biomass.
- saccharification was completed to prepare a sugar solution stock solution, and the amount of saccharin was measured. Then, a sample of 1 tnL was taken and used as a sample for composition analysis.
- the sugar solution in the fermenter was transferred to the bagwood and dehydrated with a dehydrator to recover the sugar solution.
- the sugar bark once recovered was put in a beaker containing 800 mL of distilled water to absorb water, and then stored for more than 12 hours before being dehydrated to separate the sugar solution. This process was repeated two more times to collect the sugar solution and combined with the sugar solution stock solution. The sugar solution was heated at 121 ° C.
- ⁇ per fermentation a sugar solution having a glucose concentration of 300 g / L or more ( Hereinafter referred to as ⁇ per fermentation).
- the fermented sugars were analyzed by Waters HPLC equipped with a BioRad Aminex HPX-87H column and a refractive index detector to calculate the concentrations of glucose and other sugars and acetic acid and to yield yields therefrom.
- the concentration of perfural and HMF was measured, and the yield of sugar solution before concentration was shown in Table 2 below, and the concentration of fermentation sugar after concentration was shown in Table 3 below.
- Phenolic substance extracted from sunflower stalk pretreatment was used as a standard substance, and phenolic substance in sugar solution was obtained by measuring absorbance at 320nm with a spectrophotometer (spectrophotometer, Beckmann, Germany) by distilling fermented sugar 200 times. The concentration of is shown in Table 3.
- Inorganic salt content of high concentration fermented sugar was measured by Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectrometer (ICP-AES, Thermo Scient if ic, USA) and then summed up each component.
- Comparative Example 1 Sunflower Stem Raw Sugar Sugar Solution Prepared by Washing the Hot Water Pretreatment 120 g of the sunflower stem powder used in Example 1 was weighed into a dry building reactor (Parr reactor; Parr Instrument Co. Ltd., USA) ) And distilled water was added so that the contents weighed 1 and 500 g, respectively. The mixture was then hydrothermally pretreated for 5 minutes at 190T :. After the reaction was completed, the reactor bottle was immersed in running water and rapidly cooled, and then the contents were transferred to a bag of wood.
- ICP-AES Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectrometer
- the procedure was repeated five more times, pretreatment of a total of 720 g of biomass, and all were collected and put in a bag of wood to dehydrate with a dehydrator.
- the dehydrated solids were soaked in 20 L of boiling water and dehydrated with a centrifugal dehydrator.
- the dehydrated pretreated solids were transferred to the fermenter of the fermenter (BioTron, Korea) and added to the total amount to 4 kg. 72 g of diatomaceous earth powder was added thereto and stirred. Thereafter, the fermenter was sealed and placed in an autoclave and sterilized at 1211: for 60 minutes.
- the yields of glucose and other sugars, lactic acid and acetic acid were calculated, and the concentrations of perfural and HMF were measured and shown in Table 2 below.
- the sugar solution in the fermenter was transferred to the bagwood and dehydrated with a dehydrator to recover the sugar solution. After collecting the sugar solution once collected in a beaker containing 800 mL of distilled water to absorb water 1 . Refrigerate for more than 2 hours and then dehydrated again to separate the sugar solution. This operation was repeated two more times to collect the sugar solution and combined with the sugar solution stock solution. The sugar solution was heated at 121 ° C. for 20 minutes to denature the enzyme to precipitate, and then centrifuged and filtered through a filter paper. A clear sugar solution was obtained. Fermented sugar (hereinafter referred to as "fermented sugar 2”) having a glucose concentration of 300 g / L or more was prepared by concentrating the sugar solution in a concentrator (self-produced) equipped with reverse osmosis membrane hairs.
- the procedure was repeated five more times, pretreatment of a total of 720 g of biomass, and all were collected and put in a bag of wood to dehydrate with a dehydrator.
- the dehydrated pretreated solids were transferred to the fermenter of the fermentor (BioTron, Korea) and non-ionized water was added to make the total amount 4 kg.
- 72 g of diatomaceous earth powder was added thereto and stirred.
- 64.8 mL of Cel lic CTec2 and 7.2 mL of Cellic HTec2 were added as cellulose hydrolases, and the fermenter was stirred at 150 rpm while maintaining the temperature at 50 ° C. 1 ° C. and pH 5.0 ⁇ 0.1.
- sugar solution stock solution After the start of the enzymatic hydrolysis, the mixture was stirred for 3 days to complete saccharification to prepare a sugar solution stock solution, and 1 ml of the sample was taken and used for composition analysis.
- Sugar solutions were analyzed by Waters HPLC equipped with a BioRad Aminex HPX-87H column and a refractive index detector to yield yields of glucose and other sugars and acetic acid, and to measure the concentrations of perfural and HMF. It is shown in Table 2 below.
- the sugar solution in the fermenter was transferred to the bagwood and dehydrated with a dehydrator to recover the sugar solution.
- the sunflower stalks used as biomass in this experiment were 35.1 g of cellulose in glucose conversion, 18.8 g in monosaccharide conversion, and 4.5 g of acetic acid in hemicellulose.
- the sugar solution of Example 1 prepared by the method for producing bioethanol according to the present invention continued enzymatic saccharification without contamination of lactic acid bacteria until 72 hours, the glucose yield reached 29.6 g, There was also little production of overdegradation products.
- a small amount of the liquid containing the microbial inhibitors produced as a result of the pretreatment was left in the pretreatment solids and added to the enzyme saccharification to increase the sugar yield by saccharifying without contaminating the lactic acid bacteria without sterilization.
- Comparative Example 1 in which enzyme glycosylation was started after washing pretreated solids with silver water, lactic acid began to be produced after 24 hours of saccharification, and its concentration rapidly increased after 48 hours. Thus, enzyme glycosylation was stopped after 48 hours.
- the glucose yield of Comparative Example 1 was significantly lower than the sugar solution of Example 1 of the present invention, even though the time for enzymatic saccharification was shortened, because some of the pretreatment was lost to fine particles during the hot water washing of the pretreatment. to be.
- washing with warm water to remove sugar per degradation products and lignin decomposition products contained in the pretreatment may be one way to increase the purity of the sugar solution resulting from enzymatic saccharification. It is difficult to avoid the contamination of ethanol, which is a big obstacle in the industrial production of fermented sugar.
- Comparative Example 2 obtained by enzymatic glycosylation of solids obtained by pretreatment of biomass and solid-liquid separation of the pretreatment yielded the highest sugar yield of 30.3 g. This is because the contained free sugar was contained in the sugar solution. However, these free sugars can be easily overdegraded, so as shown in Table 2 above, The production of perfural is inevitable. Since these perdegradates are impurities that must be removed in order to produce a high concentration of fermented sugar that can be applied to various microorganisms, it can be a factor that greatly increases the cost of the chromatography process during the subsequent separation and purification.
- the fermentation sugar 1 of the present invention and the fermentation sugar 3 of Comparative Example 2 contained very small amounts of HMF and perfural when adjusted to about 30%, but the fermentation sugar 2 obtained by enzymatic saccharification after washing the pretreatment with warm water It contains almost no substance.
- the concentration of the phenolic substance did not show a large difference between the fermentation sugar 1 of the present invention and the fermentation sugar 3 of the comparative example 2, indicating that the substance was produced as a result of pretreatment.
- the fermentation sugar of Comparative Example 1, in which the pretreatment was washed with warm water contains 2 degrees of phenolic substance. Thus, the phenolic substance is released in the sugar solution during the enzymatic saccharification process even after washing with warm water.
- Example 2 and Test Example 1 of Korean Patent Application Publication No. 2011-0040367 disclose a method of preparing fermented sugars by removing hot water extractable substances by continuous fractionation, hot water pretreatment and enzyme saccharification, and a sugar yield.
- the sugar yield of the fermented sugar obtained in the prior art was 10. 1 g of xylose and 28.2 g of glucose, respectively, per 100 g of sunflower stem dry matter. This was the total sugar yield obtained by saccharification of the pretreatment liquid and the solids obtained after the pretreatment.
- Example 1 of the present invention the sugar yield of the sugar solution obtained by pretreatment of the same biomass as in the prior art and then enzymatically glycosylating the pretreatment solid containing less than 30% of the liquid was xylose 8.5 g and glucose 29.6 g.
- the xylose content is added to 7.5 g of the xylose content obtained by saccharifying the liquid obtained by centrifugation from the pretreatment, the total xylose yield is calculated.
- the method of the present invention corresponds to a total of 16.0 g. It can be seen that much better in terms of sugar yield than the prior art.
- a seed was prepared by incubating Escherichia coli XB, Lactobacillus paracasei 13169, and Clostrim baserinki N8052 (pKBE4112ADH) in 2 mL of LB, MRS and 2YTG media, respectively. Thereafter, instead of glucose in P2, MR and LAB medium, the medium was prepared using the fermentation sugars 1, 2 and 3 of Example 1, Comparative Examples 1 and 2, respectively.
- P2 medium was prepared by adding 20 g / L fermentation per yeast, 5 g / L yeast extract, 1.5 times vitamin, 1.5 times inorganic salt and 1.5 times volume of complete layer;
- MR medium was 20 per fermentation g / L, KH 2 P0 4 6.67 g / L, (NH 4) 2 HP0 4 4 g / L, citric acid 0.8 g / L and the iron sulfate, calcium chloride, zinc sulfate, manganese sulfate, copper sulfate, 5 ml / L of a trace metal aqueous solution containing a small amount of molybdenum salt and boron salt was prepared by mixing;
- LAB medium was prepared by adding 20 g / L per fermentation, 5 g / L polypeptone, 5 g / L yeast extract, 0.1 g / L sodium chloride and 0.5 g / L MgSO 4 .
- Escherichia coli XB showed better growth in fermentation sugar 1 than the control prepared with reagent glucose. Escherichia coli XB grew better than the control even in the fermented sugar 2, which produced a small amount of lactic acid, but was slightly lower than that of the fermented sugar, and poorer than the control in the fermented sugar 3 containing the most inorganic salts and impurities.
- Lactobacillus paracasei 13169 grew relatively well in all fermented sugars and was the most insensitive to impurities.
- Clostridium-Bajerinki N8052 showed little growth in fermentation sugar 2, which produced a small amount of lactic acid, and showed growth comparable to that of the control in fermentation sugar 1.
- the fermentation sugar 3 containing the most inorganic salt was found to be slightly slower growth rate compared to the fermentation sugar 1 of the present invention.
- Alcohol fermentation was carried out using 1, 2 and 3 per fermentation of Example 1, Comparative Examples 1 and 2.
- control medium containing glucose as a nutrient and fermentation sugars 1, 2 and 3 medium containing fermented sugar were prepared, respectively.
- control medium was prepared by adding 60 g / L of glucose, 10 g / L of yeast extract and 20 g / L of peptone, and 1, 2 and 3 medium of fermentation added 60 g / L of each fermentation instead of glucose.
- 7% of the seed was inoculated into each of the medium, and cultured at 30 ° C. 1 ° C. under anaerobic conditions.
- the fermentation sugars 1, 2 and 3 showed higher ethanol production than the control prepared with reagent glucose.
- the fermented sugar 1 of the present invention does not affect the growth of the strain or the production of ethanol as a fermentation product even if some acetic acid is contained, as well as other sugars such as wood sugar in addition to glucose derived from biomass.
- Example 2 Preparation of Fermented Sugar with Sunflower Stalk as Raw Material 120 g of a sunflower stalk powder having a known composition composition was weighed on a scale, and a bottle of Parr Instrument Co. Ltd. (USA) for 2 L ( jar), and distilled water was added so that the content weight was 1,500 g.
- the reaction vessel was heated and pretreated hydrothermally for 5 minutes at 19C. After the reaction was completed, the reactor bottle was immersed in running water and rapidly immersed, and then the contents were transferred to the bag. It was dehydrated for 30 minutes in a dehydrator (Zalsoon, Hanil Electric, Korea). The dehydrated solid was placed in a plastic bag and sealed and placed in an autoclave set at temperature: 90 hours: 30 minutes.
- a dehydrator Zalsoon, Hanil Electric, Korea
- the dehydrated pretreatment in a 5 L beaker containing 1.2 L of distilled water was soaked in the bag and absorbed with water for 1 hour and then dehydrated three times. Calcium hydroxide was removed. The solids remaining in the bagwood were transferred to a fermenter in a 5 L fermenter (BioTron, Korea) and added to the total amount to 740 g. Thereafter, the fermenter was sealed and placed in an autoclave and sterilized at 121 ° C. for 60 minutes. 12 ml of Cel ic CTec2 as a cell hydrolytic enzyme was dissolved in 108 mL of ultrapure water, filtered through a filter system with a 0.22 membrane filter (Corning, USA) and added to the fermenter in a clean bench.
- Example 3 Weighing 150 g of Korean native reed powder, which is known to make up the fermentation sugar of reed as a raw material, in a building, was prepared for 2 L high pressure reactor (Parr reactor; Parr Instrument Co.
- Distilled water The dehydrated pretreatment in a 5 L beaker containing 1.2 L was soaked in a bag and absorbed with water and left for 1 hour, and then dehydrated three times to remove calcium hydroxide. The solids remaining in the bagwood were transferred to a fermenter of 5 L fermenter (BioTron, South Korea) and non-ionized water was added to make the total amount 950 g. Thereafter, the fermenter was sealed and placed in an autoclave and sterilized at 121 ° C. for 60 minutes.
- the yield of acetic acid converted from the sugar solution prepared by the method of removing acetic acid by washing the hot water pretreatment of the present invention with an aqueous alkali solution is 100 g of biomass in Example 2, wherein the sunflower stem is a raw material.
- Example 2 wherein the sunflower stem is a raw material.
- Comparative Example 4 Only 1/5 of 0.51 g of Comparative Example 4 obtained by simply washing with boiling water and then enzymatic saccharification.
- the yield of acetic acid per 100 g of biomass was 0.05 g
- Comparative Example 5 was 0.25 g.
- the method of the present invention can greatly reduce the concentration of acetic acid in the sugar solution only by washing the biomass hydrothermal pretreatment with an aqueous alkaline solution at or below locrc.
- Example 4 Preparation of Acidity-Controlled Calcium Hydroxide Suspension 10 g of calcium hydroxide (Reagent 1, Tong Yang Chemical, Korea) was added to 90 g of non-ionized water. This was injected into a wet grinding machine (Ei ger motormill, Japan) containing glass beads with an average particle diameter of 2 ⁇ , and pulverized at 3500 rpm for 20 minutes to prepare a suspension having an average particle diameter of about 0.8 j.
- a wet grinding machine (Ei ger motormill, Japan) containing glass beads with an average particle diameter of 2 ⁇ , and pulverized at 3500 rpm for 20 minutes to prepare a suspension having an average particle diameter of about 0.8 j.
- the hydroxide concentration of the prepared suspension is l 0 (w / w), and the suspension was used as an alkaline reagent for acidity control in enzymatic saccharification of the biomass pretreatment.
- Example 5 Preparation of Fermented Sugar with Sunflower Stem
- 480 g of sunflower stem powder which is known as its composition, was weighed with dry weight and placed in a bag. Two such samples were made, the inlets were tied and placed in a pail containing 19 liters of boiling water and boiled for 10 minutes. It was dehydrated for 30 minutes in a dehydrator (Zalsoon, Hanil Electric, Korea). The sample was taken out and weighed to yield 120 g equivalent of raw material.
- the reactor bottle was immersed in running water and rapidly decanted, then the contents were transferred to a fermenter of 5 L fermenter (BioTron, Korea). 611 ⁇ (1: 2121111) was added to the fermenter as a hydrolysis enzyme, and hydrolyzed for 72 hours by stirring at 150 rpm while maintaining the temperature at 50 ⁇ 1 ° C. and pH 5.0 ⁇ 0.1.
- the acidity of the calcium hydroxide suspension (10%, hf) ⁇ saccharification system prepared in Example 4 was automatically injected to maintain a pH of 5.0.
- the obtained hydrolyzate was transferred to a 500 ml centrifuge tube for 1 hour at 4300 rpm.
- Comparative Example 6 Preparation of Sunflower Stem Raw Material Fermented Sugar Using Aqueous Sodium Hydroxide Solution As a Neutralizing Agent
- Example 5 and aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (4%, w / w%) were used as an alkaline reagent for acidity adjustment of enzyme hydrolyzate. It was done in the same way.
- the concentrations of glucose and other sugars and acetic acid in the obtained sugar solution are shown in Table 9 below.
- Test Example 3 Alcohol Fermentation Using Yeast Alcohol fermentation was performed using the fermentation sugars obtained in Example 5 and Comparative Example 6 and glucose for reagents (Sigma-Aldrich Korea).
- Saccharomyces cerevisiae was added to 40 ml of YPD liquid medium (10 g / L yeast extract, 20 g / L peptone and 50 g / L glucose) using the fermented sugars of Example 5 and Comparative Example 6.
- the seed was prepared by culturing cerew ' s / e). Thereafter, the control medium containing the reagent glucose and the fermented sugar of Comparative Example 6 as the nutrient sources, respectively.
- the medium of Example 5 was prepared using the fermented sugars of 1 and 2 and Example 5 as nutrients, respectively.
- control medium 1 was prepared by adding 120 g / L of reagent glucose, 20 g / L of yeast extract and 40 g / L of peptone, and the medium of control medium 2 and Example 5 were used instead of reagent glucose, respectively.
- 120 g / L of fermentation 6 and 120 g / L of fermentation of Example 5 were used in the same manner as in the preparation of control medium. Thereafter, each medium was inoculated with 73 ⁇ 4 spawn and incubated at 30 rc under anaerobic conditions.
- control medium 2 contains 20 g / L of acetic acid neutralized with an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, so that the growth of yeast is greatly suppressed and ethane is produced very little.
- the fermented sugar of Example 5 neutralized with calcium hydroxide suspension upon enzymatic saccharification of sunflower pretreatment yielded ethane at a level comparable to that of control medium 1 containing no acetic acid, despite containing acetic acid at the same concentration as control medium 2.
- Example 6 Production of Bioethanol from Biomass by Method 1 Oil Palm Stem pulverized to 20 Mesh or Less Using a Food Grinding Machine (Zalmanic Grinder, Large Convergence Mill, Korea) [100 g of building in Korindo, Indonesia]
- Sugar composition 53.6 g of glucan (26.9 g of enzymatic hydrolyzable starch, 26.6 g of cellulose), 15.4 g of xylan, 2.4 g of arabane, 3.4 g of acetyl group, 5.3 g of ash] were weighed into 120 g of dry weight (Parr reactor, Parr Instrument Co., USA) was added to a semi-ungzomyeon, distilled water was added to the weight of 1, 500 g.
- the contents were subjected to hot water pretreatment at 180 ° C. for 30 minutes to prepare hot water pretreatment. Thereafter, the pretreatment was rapidly cooled to room temperature, and then all of the pretreatment was transferred to a fermenter (Model LiFlus GX, BI0TR0N, Korea), and Cel lic CTec2 10.8 ml and Cel lic HTec2 1.2 ml as salose hydrolase. And 0.6o Novozyme 188 (all manufactured by Novozymes) was added, and the saccharification was prepared by saccharifying for 24 hours while maintaining the fermenter at 50 ° C and pH 5.0.
- Sacchara ce cerevisiae ATCC 24858 was pre-incubated in 40 m 1 YPD liquid medium (5 g / L yeast extract; 10 g / L peptone; 25 g / L glucose) to spawn ( seed) was prepared. After the seed was incubated once more in the same YPD liquid medium, 5% of the seed was inoculated in a saccharin and alcohol fermented at 30 ° C. 1 ° C. under anaerobic conditions. Samples were taken after 24 hours of cultivation and the concentration of ethanol produced was analyzed by Waters HPLC equipped with a BioRad Aminex HPX-87H column and a refractive index detector. The yield obtained from the ethanol concentration was compared with the theoretical ethanol yield (total glucan X 0.51) calculated from the total glucan contained in the palm barn, and the actual yield of ethane was 81.4%. .
- a sugar solution is prepared by pre-treatment of sulfuric acid, concentrated sulfuric acid saccharification, and solid-liquid separation from palm bark pulverized liquor, and discloses a method of fermenting ethanol with yeast. oi l palm trunk, rubberwood, and mixed hardwood hydro lysates using Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Bi ore sour. Techno 1., 101 , 3287-3291], separating parenchyma and vascular bundles from squeezed palm stems, and then pretreating and enzymatic saccharification of the vascular bundles to obtain sugar solutions. 2, Praitwong et al., 2012, Efficient ethanol production from separated parenchyma and vascular bundle of oi 1 palm trunk, Bioresour.
- Example 7 Production of Lactic Acid from Biomass by Method 1 Oil Palm Stem pulverized to 20 Mesh or Less Using a Food Grinding Machine (Zalmanic Grinding Machine, Conversational Precision Products, Korea) [Per 100 g of Building, Farmland, Indonesia] Composition: 56.1 g of glucan (31.0 g of enzymatic hydrolyzable starch, 25.
- Example 8 Preparation of Bioethane from Biomass by Method 2 Oil Palm Stem pulverized to 20 Mesh or Less Using a Food Grinding Machine (Zalman Grinder, Conversational Precision Products, Korea) [Kordon Island Farm Production, Indonesia 100 Composition per g: 53.6 g of glucan (26.9 g of enzymatic hydrolyzable starch, 26.6 g of cellulose), 15.4 g of xylan, 2.4 g of araban, 3.4 g of acetyl group, 5.3 g of ash] were weighed into 120 g of a fermentor ( Model LiFlus GX, BI0TR0N, Korea) and added 1,080 ml of non-ionized water and mixed.
- a Food Grinding Machine Model LiFlus GX, BI0TR0N, Korea
- the mixture was sterilized at 121 ° C. for 20 minutes, and then the starch degrading enzyme [glucoamylase (Sigma A7095) and alpha amylase (Sigma A8220) were mixed in a 9: 1 ratio and filtered by a 0.22 ⁇ membrane filter.] after the addition of 0.6 ml, with stirring at 50 ° C at 150 rpm which was hydrolyzed for 24 hours.
- the hydrolyzate was then inoculated with 53 ⁇ 4 seed of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (53Cc? A / O / »yce cerevisiae) ATCC 24858 in Example 6 and alcohol fermented at 30 ⁇ 1 ° C. for 24 hours under anaerobic conditions. .
- Example 6 the entire culture solution was placed in a reactor of a high pressure reactor (Parr reactor, Parr Instrument Co, USA) and distilled water was added to make the contents 1,500 g.
- Hot water pretreatment, saccharification and alcohol fermentation were performed in the same manner as in Example 6.
- samples were taken and analyzed by Waters HPLC equipped with a BioRad Aminex HPX-87H column and a refractive index detector to determine the concentration of ethanol produced. The yield obtained from this ethanol concentration was compared with the theoretical ethanol yield (total glucan X 0.51) calculated from the total glucan contained in the palm trunk, and the actual ethanol yield was 93.5%.
- aqueous solution containing 5 wt% glucose, 0.1 wt% acetic acid, 0.01 wt% furfural, and 0.01 wt% hydroxymethyl furfural (HMF) was used as the sugar solution parameter.
- the nanofiltration membrane used was modified NE 90 (Woongjin Chemical, South Korea). Modification of the nanofiltration membrane was carried out as follows.
- the NE 90 sheet (film area 30 ciif) was modified by immersion for 10 minutes in an aqueous solution containing 1% by weight of NaOCl and 0.1% by weight of polyethylene glycol methacrylate. Thereafter, the NE 90 sheet was used by washing with water.
- the sugar solution parameters were filtered with NE 90 modified as above to recover the purified sugar solution from the non-permeable side, and the fermentation inhibitors were removed from the permeate side.
- the pressure was 30 kgf / crn 'and the feed temperature was 30 ° C.
- the pH of the sugar solution was 30 ° C.
- Fermentation inhibitors were isolated by diafiltration using NE 90 modified with the same reforming method as described in Example 9. Operation conditions were the same as in Example 9. Specifically, after permeation of sugar solution 5OT, pure water was filled by the permeation amount, and then permeate 50%. Repeat this two more times, then concentrate The concentrations of the components were measured and shown in Table 11 below.
- Example 11
- Example 12 Except for using a reverse osmosis membrane (RE4040-SR, Woongjin Chemical, South Korea) modified by the same reforming method described in Example 9 was carried out in the same manner as in Example 9. The results are shown in Table 11 below.
- Example 12 Except for using a reverse osmosis membrane (RE4040-SR, Woongjin Chemical, South Korea) modified by the same reforming method described in Example 9 was carried out in the same manner as in Example 9. The results are shown in Table 11 below.
- Example 12 Except for using a reverse osmosis membrane (RE4040-SR, Woongjin Chemical, South Korea) modified by the same reforming method described in Example 9 was carried out in the same manner as in Example 9. The results are shown in Table 11 below.
- Example 12 Except for using a reverse osmosis membrane (RE4040-SR, Woongjin Chemical, South Korea) modified by the same reforming method described in Example 9 was carried out in the same manner as in Example 9. The results are shown in Table 11 below.
- Example 14 In the same manner as in Example 9, 50% of the sugar solution was permeated, and the permeated solution was again permeated under the same operating conditions as in Example 9 using a reverse osmosis membrane (RE8040-FE, Woongjin Chemical, Korea) having a low surface negative charge. The results are shown in Table 11 below.
- Example 14 In the same manner as in Example 9, 50% of the sugar solution was permeated, and the permeated solution was again permeated under the same operating conditions as in Example 9 using a reverse osmosis membrane (RE8040-FE, Woongjin Chemical, Korea) having a low surface negative charge. The results are shown in Table 11 below.
- Example 14 The results are shown in Table 11 below.
- Example 15 The solution permeated in the same manner as in Example 10 was allowed to permeate 90% of the solution permeated using a reverse osmosis membrane (RE804 FE, Woongjin Chemical, South Korea) modified with the same reforming method as described in Example 9. The results are shown in Table 11 below.
- Example 15 The solution permeated in the same manner as in Example 10 was allowed to permeate 90% of the solution permeated using a reverse osmosis membrane (RE804 FE, Woongjin Chemical, South Korea) modified with the same reforming method as described in Example 9. The results are shown in Table 11 below.
- Example 15 The solution permeated in the same manner as in Example 10 was allowed to permeate 90% of the solution permeated using a reverse osmosis membrane (RE804 FE, Woongjin Chemical, South Korea) modified with the same reforming method as described in Example 9. The results are shown in Table 11 below.
- Example 15 The results are shown in Table 11 below.
- Example 9 The same procedure as in Example 9 was carried out except that NE 90 was used without modification. The results are shown in Table n below. Comparative Example 8
- Example 9 The same procedure as in Example 9 was conducted except that the reverse osmosis membrane for seawater desalination (RE4040-SR, Woongjin Chemical, Korea) was used. The results are shown in Table 11 below. Comparative Example 9
- a reverse pressure osmosis membrane for low pressure (RE4040-BLN, Woongjin Chemical, Korea) was used in the same manner as in Example 9. The results are shown in Table 11 below.
- the monosaccharides were added as compared to the case of performing further purification using the modified reverse osmosis membrane after filtration using the modified polyamide nanofiltration membrane (Examples 14 and 15) and the case of not performing further purification using the reverse osmosis membrane (Example 10). It can be seen that it can be further concentrated.
- the removal rate of the fermentation inhibitors was further increased compared to the case where the filtration using the ultrafiltration membrane was first performed before the filtration using the nanofiltration membrane and the reverse osmosis membrane (Example 15), and the filtration using the ultrafiltration membrane was not performed (Example 14). It can be seen that the increase.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Preparation Of Compounds By Using Micro-Organisms (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US14/991,209 US10329589B2 (en) | 2013-07-09 | 2014-06-09 | Method for preparing sugar, bioethanol or microbial metabolite from lignocellulosic biomass |
US16/150,760 US10927388B2 (en) | 2013-07-09 | 2018-10-03 | Method for preparing sugar, bioethanol or microbial metabolite from lignocellulosic biomass |
Applications Claiming Priority (8)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
KR10-2013-0080477 | 2013-07-09 | ||
KR1020130080477A KR101504197B1 (ko) | 2013-07-09 | 2013-07-09 | 목질계 바이오매스로부터 바이오에탄올을 제조하는 방법 |
KR1020130082290A KR101536132B1 (ko) | 2013-07-12 | 2013-07-12 | 미생물 억제물질이 제거된 목질계 바이오매스 원료 발효당의 제조 방법 |
KR10-2013-0082290 | 2013-07-12 | ||
KR1020130100559A KR101447534B1 (ko) | 2013-08-23 | 2013-08-23 | 목질계 바이오매스로부터 초산의 독성이 경감된 발효당의 제조방법 |
KR10-2013-0100559 | 2013-08-23 | ||
KR10-2014-0003775 | 2014-01-13 | ||
KR1020140003775A KR101642056B1 (ko) | 2014-01-13 | 2014-01-13 | 전분을 함유하는 목질계 바이오매스로부터 미생물 대사산물을 제조하는 방법 |
Related Child Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US14/991,209 A-371-Of-International US10329589B2 (en) | 2013-07-09 | 2014-06-09 | Method for preparing sugar, bioethanol or microbial metabolite from lignocellulosic biomass |
US16/150,760 Division US10927388B2 (en) | 2013-07-09 | 2018-10-03 | Method for preparing sugar, bioethanol or microbial metabolite from lignocellulosic biomass |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2015005589A1 true WO2015005589A1 (ko) | 2015-01-15 |
Family
ID=52280220
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/KR2014/005045 WO2015005589A1 (ko) | 2013-07-09 | 2014-06-09 | 목질계 바이오매스로부터 당, 바이오에탄올 또는 미생물 대사산물을 제조하는 방법 |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US10329589B2 (ko) |
MY (1) | MY181082A (ko) |
WO (1) | WO2015005589A1 (ko) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2020039231A1 (en) * | 2018-08-21 | 2020-02-27 | Petiva Private Limited | Bioreactor and process for producing a low-calorie sugar composition |
Families Citing this family (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US9777303B2 (en) | 2015-07-23 | 2017-10-03 | Fluid Quip Process Technologies, Llc | Systems and methods for producing a sugar stream |
EP3688176A1 (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2020-08-05 | DSM IP Assets B.V. | Improved process for ethanol production |
US11053557B2 (en) | 2018-03-15 | 2021-07-06 | Fluid Quip Technologies, Llc | System and method for producing a sugar stream using membrane filtration |
US11519013B2 (en) | 2018-03-15 | 2022-12-06 | Fluid Quip Technologies, Llc | System and method for producing a sugar stream with front end oil separation |
US11505838B2 (en) | 2018-04-05 | 2022-11-22 | Fluid Quip Technologies, Llc | Method for producing a sugar stream |
US10480038B2 (en) | 2018-04-19 | 2019-11-19 | Fluid Quip Technologies, Llc | System and method for producing a sugar stream |
JP7208111B2 (ja) * | 2019-06-11 | 2023-01-18 | 一般財団法人電力中央研究所 | バイオマス含有率の推定システム、バイオマス含有率の推定方法 |
US11193146B2 (en) | 2019-06-26 | 2021-12-07 | Indian Oil Corporation Limited | Process for second generation ethanol production |
CN112408592B (zh) * | 2019-08-22 | 2022-10-21 | 济南圣泉集团股份有限公司 | 一种用于水处理的复合碳源及其制备方法和应用 |
CN111001184A (zh) * | 2019-12-25 | 2020-04-14 | 中国科学院长春应用化学研究所 | 一种无机盐高效诱导水-有机溶剂混合溶液相分离的方法 |
US10995351B1 (en) | 2020-09-14 | 2021-05-04 | Fluid Quip Technologies, Llc | System and method for producing a carbohydrate stream from a cellulosic feedstock |
EP4056707A1 (en) * | 2021-03-10 | 2022-09-14 | Indian Oil Corporation Limited | An improved process for second generation lactic acid production |
CN115011651B (zh) * | 2022-07-11 | 2024-04-12 | 雄安创新研究院 | 一种利用芦苇高效制糖的方法 |
CN116730495A (zh) * | 2023-03-24 | 2023-09-12 | 济南润泰生物科技有限公司 | 一种污水处理用的复合碳源、制备方法及应用 |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2009183805A (ja) * | 2008-02-01 | 2009-08-20 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | バイオマスの水熱分解装置及び方法、バイオマス原料を用いた有機原料の製造システム |
KR20110040367A (ko) * | 2009-10-14 | 2011-04-20 | 한국화학연구원 | 바이오매스를 연속적으로 분별처리하는 방법 및 장치 |
KR20120073087A (ko) * | 2010-12-24 | 2012-07-04 | 한국화학연구원 | 당수율을 극대화시키는 바이오매스의 처리 방법 및 이에 사용되는 첨가제 |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DK2251427T3 (en) * | 2008-03-05 | 2017-06-06 | Toray Industries | Process for removing fermentation inhibitors with a separation membrane |
KR101635050B1 (ko) | 2012-07-04 | 2016-06-30 | 엘에스산전 주식회사 | 절연수단을 갖는 유입식 변압기 |
-
2014
- 2014-06-09 US US14/991,209 patent/US10329589B2/en active Active
- 2014-06-09 MY MYPI2016700028A patent/MY181082A/en unknown
- 2014-06-09 WO PCT/KR2014/005045 patent/WO2015005589A1/ko active Application Filing
-
2018
- 2018-10-03 US US16/150,760 patent/US10927388B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2009183805A (ja) * | 2008-02-01 | 2009-08-20 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | バイオマスの水熱分解装置及び方法、バイオマス原料を用いた有機原料の製造システム |
KR20110040367A (ko) * | 2009-10-14 | 2011-04-20 | 한국화학연구원 | 바이오매스를 연속적으로 분별처리하는 방법 및 장치 |
KR20120073087A (ko) * | 2010-12-24 | 2012-07-04 | 한국화학연구원 | 당수율을 극대화시키는 바이오매스의 처리 방법 및 이에 사용되는 첨가제 |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2020039231A1 (en) * | 2018-08-21 | 2020-02-27 | Petiva Private Limited | Bioreactor and process for producing a low-calorie sugar composition |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
MY181082A (en) | 2020-12-17 |
US20190032094A1 (en) | 2019-01-31 |
US10927388B2 (en) | 2021-02-23 |
US20160298142A1 (en) | 2016-10-13 |
US10329589B2 (en) | 2019-06-25 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US10927388B2 (en) | Method for preparing sugar, bioethanol or microbial metabolite from lignocellulosic biomass | |
JP5633839B2 (ja) | リグノセルロース系バイオマスの変換方法 | |
Guragain et al. | Comparison of some new pretreatment methods for second generation bioethanol production from wheat straw and water hyacinth | |
CA2694875C (en) | Cellulase enzyme based method for the production of alcohol and glucose from pretreated lignocellulosic feedstock | |
US9809867B2 (en) | Carbon purification of concentrated sugar streams derived from pretreated biomass | |
Singh et al. | Assessment of different pretreatment technologies for efficient bioconversion of lignocellulose to ethanol | |
CN104593448B (zh) | 一种利用木质纤维素生物质生产乙醇的方法 | |
WO2014190294A1 (en) | Sugar separation and purification from biomass | |
Bhatia et al. | Biovalorization potential of peels of Ananas cosmosus (L.) Merr. for ethanol production by Pichia stipitis NCIM 3498 & Pachysolen tannophilus MTCC 1077 | |
US10597688B2 (en) | Method for preparing fermentable sugar from wood-based biomass | |
JP5701632B2 (ja) | 糖含有組成物 | |
KR101504197B1 (ko) | 목질계 바이오매스로부터 바이오에탄올을 제조하는 방법 | |
WO2010093047A1 (ja) | バイオマス糖化の前処理方法及びその前処理方法を用いた糖化方法 | |
AU2019340161B2 (en) | Method for producing ethanol from lignocellulosic raw material | |
KR101425172B1 (ko) | 전분을 함유하는 바이오매스로부터 당수율을 향상시키는 방법 | |
JP6177535B2 (ja) | 前加水分解液の処理システム | |
KR101642056B1 (ko) | 전분을 함유하는 목질계 바이오매스로부터 미생물 대사산물을 제조하는 방법 | |
Antunes et al. | Bioethanol: An overview of production possibilities | |
KR101447534B1 (ko) | 목질계 바이오매스로부터 초산의 독성이 경감된 발효당의 제조방법 | |
JP2020145991A (ja) | 親水性リグニン誘導体を含む酵素安定化剤、酵素安定化剤の製造方法、酵素の安定化方法、リグノセルロース系バイオマスの糖化方法、及び酵素安定化剤の製造装置 | |
CN109097503A (zh) | 一种通过竹笋原料制备纤维糖的方法 | |
KR101536132B1 (ko) | 미생물 억제물질이 제거된 목질계 바이오매스 원료 발효당의 제조 방법 | |
Díaz et al. | Sequential Acid/Alkali Pretreatment for an Olive Tree Pruning Biorefinery. Agronomy 2023, 13, 2682 | |
Díaz Villanueva et al. | Sequential Acid/Alkali Pretreatment for an Olive Tree Pruning Biorefinery | |
WO2012063958A1 (ja) | バイオエタノールの製造方法 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 14822347 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 14991209 Country of ref document: US |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: IDP00201600819 Country of ref document: ID |
|
122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase |
Ref document number: 14822347 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |