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WO2014075514A1 - 一种用于治疗鼻窦炎或过敏性鼻炎的假体系统 - Google Patents

一种用于治疗鼻窦炎或过敏性鼻炎的假体系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014075514A1
WO2014075514A1 PCT/CN2013/083986 CN2013083986W WO2014075514A1 WO 2014075514 A1 WO2014075514 A1 WO 2014075514A1 CN 2013083986 W CN2013083986 W CN 2013083986W WO 2014075514 A1 WO2014075514 A1 WO 2014075514A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
prosthesis
allergic rhinitis
drug
wall surface
degradable
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2013/083986
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
谢建
魏征
Original Assignee
浦易(上海)生物技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 浦易(上海)生物技术有限公司 filed Critical 浦易(上海)生物技术有限公司
Priority to JP2015540999A priority Critical patent/JP6152170B2/ja
Priority to EP13854782.3A priority patent/EP2921138B1/en
Priority to BR112014028185A priority patent/BR112014028185A2/pt
Priority to US14/401,266 priority patent/US20150100133A1/en
Publication of WO2014075514A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014075514A1/zh

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Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/18Internal ear or nose parts, e.g. ear-drums
    • A61F2/186Nose parts
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods
    • A61B17/24Surgical instruments, devices or methods for use in the oral cavity, larynx, bronchial passages or nose; Tongue scrapers
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/82Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/86Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
    • A61F2/90Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/82Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/86Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
    • A61F2/90Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure
    • A61F2/91Stents in a form characterised by the wire-like elements; Stents in the form characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure characterised by a net-like or mesh-like structure made from perforated sheets or tubes, e.g. perforated by laser cuts or etched holes
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2210/00Particular material properties of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
    • A61F2210/0004Particular material properties of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof bioabsorbable
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2220/00Fixations or connections for prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
    • A61F2220/0008Fixation appliances for connecting prostheses to the body
    • A61F2220/0016Fixation appliances for connecting prostheses to the body with sharp anchoring protrusions, e.g. barbs, pins, spikes
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2230/00Geometry of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
    • A61F2230/0063Three-dimensional shapes
    • A61F2230/0067Three-dimensional shapes conical
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2230/00Geometry of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
    • A61F2230/0063Three-dimensional shapes
    • A61F2230/0095Saddle-shaped
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2250/00Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
    • A61F2250/0014Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof having different values of a given property or geometrical feature, e.g. mechanical property or material property, at different locations within the same prosthesis
    • A61F2250/0039Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof having different values of a given property or geometrical feature, e.g. mechanical property or material property, at different locations within the same prosthesis differing in diameter
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2250/00Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
    • A61F2250/0058Additional features; Implant or prostheses properties not otherwise provided for
    • A61F2250/006Additional features; Implant or prostheses properties not otherwise provided for modular
    • A61F2250/0063Nested prosthetic parts
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2250/00Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
    • A61F2250/0058Additional features; Implant or prostheses properties not otherwise provided for
    • A61F2250/0067Means for introducing or releasing pharmaceutical products into the body
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2250/00Special features of prostheses classified in groups A61F2/00 - A61F2/26 or A61F2/82 or A61F9/00 or A61F11/00 or subgroups thereof
    • A61F2250/0058Additional features; Implant or prostheses properties not otherwise provided for
    • A61F2250/0067Means for introducing or releasing pharmaceutical products into the body
    • A61F2250/0068Means for introducing or releasing pharmaceutical products into the body the pharmaceutical product being in a reservoir

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of medical devices, and more particularly to a false system for treating sinusitis or allergic rhinitis. Background technique
  • Sinusitis and allergic rhinitis are common and frequently-occurring diseases of the ear, nose and throat, occurring between the ages of 5 and 79. According to the health department survey, the incidence of allergic rhinitis in the world is as high as 10% to 14%, and the incidence of sinusitis accounts for about 15% of the population. Nearly 600 million people around the world are suffering from "harassment" of rhinitis. Upward trend.
  • the sinus is also called the paranasal sinus and the paranasal sinus. It is a plurality of gas-bearing bone cavities around the nasal cavity, which are connected to the nasal cavity by small tubes. They are concealed next to the nasal cavity, the maxillary sinus is located on both sides of the nasal cavity, in the maxilla above the eyelid; the frontal sinus is in the frontal bone; the ethmoid sinus is located on both sides of the upper part of the nasal cavity, consisting of many small gas-filled cavities in the sieve; the sphenoid sinus is behind the nasal cavity Inside the cheekbones.
  • Epidermal mucosal cells in the nasal cavity and sinus of normal people continue to have clear liquid secretion, and then through the pulsation of the cilia above the mucosal cells, these secretions flow from the sinus, through the nasal cavity to the nasopharyngeal cavity, throat Then swallow the esophagus and stomach.
  • these mucus are used to maintain the humidity inside the nasal cavity and sinus, and to absorb dust and foreign matter in the air to protect the health of the respiratory tract.
  • the sinus When the sinus is inflamed, it can cause headache, nasal congestion, purulent sputum, temporary dysosmia, chills, fever, loss of appetite, constipation, and general discomfort. Smaller children can have symptoms such as vomiting, diarrhea, and cough. Pussy sputum can also cause throat discomfort, sore throat and so on.
  • IgE immunoglobulin E
  • An allergen is an antigen that induces and reacts with a specific IgE antibody. They are mostly derived from animals, plants, insects, fungi or occupational substances. Allergens are mainly divided into inhaled allergens and food allergens. Inhalation allergens are the leading cause of allergic rhinitis. Patients with sensitive rhinitis mainly present with telangiectasia, increased permeability, increased glandular secretion, and eosinophil infiltration.
  • the above symptoms recur, it can cause proliferative changes in the mucosal epithelial layer, leading to mucosal hypertrophy and polypoid changes.
  • the symptoms are similar to those of a cold, mainly nasal itching, nasal congestion, runny nose, sneezing, and clear watery nose (runny nose). Intermittent recurrent attacks, pale edema of the nasal mucosa at the time of onset. Severely, it may also develop into sinusitis, asthma or ear infections.
  • the method of spraying the nasal cavity into the nasal cavity by a nose or a spray is conventionally used.
  • a nasal irrigation device which can wash the nasal cavity with saline or a drug-containing solution, but the short-term drug action is almost limited to the nasal turbinate, and can not reach the frontal sinus and the maxillary sinus sinus body, and can not directly affect the inflamed sinus. And most sinus lesions involve almost all sinuses. In fact, even if the liquid can enter the interior of the sinus cavity, for the sinus of the frontal sinus opening at the bottom, almost all the liquid will flow out of the sinus after cleaning or spraying, and the drug has no chance to be stored. Long-term effective treatment is carried out inside.
  • Functional endoscopic minimally invasive surgery has a particularly significant therapeutic effect on acute sinusitis and chronic sinusitis. It can accurately remove the diseased tissue and bones, enlarge the sinus opening, and restore the normal physiological function of the sinus.
  • Nasal endoscopic sinus surgery has minimally invasive surgery that is unmatched by traditional sinus surgery. However, the cost of endoscopic sinus surgery is expensive, the treatment is not thorough, and it is easy to relapse. The cost of repeated treatment causes the patient's mental and economic burden.
  • Surgical treatments for allergic rhinitis include neurological blockade, cryoplasma, inferior turbinate mucosa, reduction of parasympathetic excitability, and other surgical procedures, but the above-mentioned surgery has a high recurrence rate and high cost.
  • the application number CN101837148 A discloses "a porous biodegradable stent and a preparation method thereof", and provides a method for preparing a porous biodegradable stent which can be used for tissue regeneration.
  • the micropore stent prepared by this method has a small pore size and can only be used for tissue filling, and does not provide a good gas or liquid passage, so that it is unable to maintain the expansion state of the cavity supporting the sinus ostium and maintain the nasal passage.
  • such microporous stents have good elasticity for filling purposes, and are not well compressed for implantation into the nasal cavity by minimally invasiveness due to space obstruction and the like. Therefore, it is necessary to find a prosthesis that can be inserted through a minimally invasive procedure and create a clear passage through the sinus ostium, which is maintained for a sufficient period of time to allow the dilated ventilation channel to be maintained for a sufficient period of time.
  • the diseased part of the patient is cured, which restores the function of the tissue itself and minimizes the possibility of recanalization of the channel. Summary of the invention
  • the technical solution of the present invention is to provide a prosthetic system for treating sinusitis or allergic rhinitis, the prosthesis system having a circumferentially extending wall surface formed by a degradable polymer, the wall surface With a plurality of voids, a drug-containing degradable fiber tow is inserted into the void.
  • the wall is formed by monofilament weaving, tubular substrate cutting or sheet-like substrate crimping.
  • the wall surface includes a cylindrical base body and a flared end end woven from a monofilament, the flared head end being axially outwardly woven from both ends of the base body.
  • the wall has a drug coating, and the drug in the drug coating of the wall is the same as or different from the drug contained in the degradable fiber tow.
  • the wall surface is closed in the circumferential direction and formed into a cylindrical structure in which both ends are open. Both ends of the wall have positioning portions that gradually extend radially outward.
  • the outer surface of the wall has at least one projection that extends radially outward.
  • the wall surface has small holes uniformly distributed and supporting ribs penetrating the small holes.
  • the wall surface is non-closed in the circumferential direction.
  • the wall has small holes distributed in a hook and a degradable fiber for bundling therethrough.
  • the degradable fiber itself is formed into a degradable fiber tow containing a drug.
  • the degradable fiber tow can be obtained by dipping, brushing, spraying or spinning.
  • the prosthetic system for treating sinusitis or allergic rhinitis provided by the present invention can be used after sinus atherectomy or directly without atherectomy.
  • the prosthesis system composed of the degradable polymer provided by the invention can provide sufficient normal force of the vertical outer surface when being compressed, and can be prevented after being released at the corresponding site (the lesion or the sinus ostium). The channel after the opening is closed again.
  • the prosthesis wall of the present invention has a gap, can be pressed to a smaller diameter, and is conveniently loaded into the pressure-carrying delivery catheter.
  • the prosthesis system of the present invention is a self-expanding prosthesis, which is clamped and restrained and fixed in the pressure-carrying delivery catheter, and can reach the lesion through the pressure-carrying delivery catheter, and the self-expansion supports the diseased part after the fixation is released.
  • the prosthesis system of the present invention can also be released by a simple tube.
  • the end of the tube placed in the nasal cavity is open at the position of the sinus, and the other end is exposed to expose the outer nose.
  • the prosthesis is fixed.
  • the opening is placed on the side of the exposed outer nose, and then the flexible elastic support rod is inserted into the tube to push the prosthesis to the other side opening of the sinus position, after reaching the predetermined position,
  • the prosthesis self-expands to support the position of the sinus.
  • balloon-assisted release (balloon dilation) can be taken at the time of release or after release.
  • the prosthesis can be bundled in the balloon delivery system in advance, and the balloon is expanded to assist the prosthesis in the self-expansion and expansion, so that the prosthesis is better attached.
  • the prosthesis can also be released after the prosthesis is released using a pressure-carrying delivery catheter, and then the balloon can be re-supported by the expanded prosthesis to support the prosthesis support and adherence effect.
  • the balloon used may be a compliant balloon or a semi-compliant balloon.
  • the balloon shape may be a conventional cylindrical or specially shaped balloon according to the shape of the prosthesis, such as Bell or Double cone balloon.
  • the prosthesis system of the present invention for treating sinusitis or allergic rhinitis can ensure the stability and reliability of the position after implantation, and can generally be taken by, but not limited to, the following method: the prosthesis is made axially The shape of the two ends is larger than the diameter of the middle, and the prosthesis is "snapped" at the sinus after implantation; the friction between the external surface of the prosthesis and the implanted site is increased after the implantation, and the prosthesis is fixed at the implantation site.
  • the optional "card” may be designed in a straight cylindrical shape, a non-uniform cylindrical shape or other special shapes, and the preferred shape is two diameters. Slightly larger "* bell type” or “double cone type”.
  • the diameters of the two ends of the prosthesis may be equal or unequal, that is, one head is small, but the diameter of the two ends is not smaller than the diameter of the middle portion of the prosthesis.
  • the two large designs can "snap" the prosthesis in the maxillary sinus or frontal sinus or lesion, ensuring that the prosthesis position after implantation does not cause dislocation of the prosthesis due to external factors such as exercise.
  • the middle part of the prosthesis plays a decisive supporting role.
  • the two large heads of the prosthesis play a role of position limitation while supporting the auxiliary.
  • the inflamed tissue or the sinus and sinus cartilage are caused to expand or deform outward, forming a smooth drainage channel.
  • the opening of the drainage channel will be smoother, and the prosthesis will be more closely attached to the body of the released part.
  • Straight-tube design prostheses require two large heads, and must be shaped with two large balloons at or after implantation.
  • the prosthesis can carry more drugs or equivalent drugs due to factors such as increased volume and surface area compared to prostheses of the same length and equal intermediate diameter.
  • the area that can be in contact with the surface of the tissue is larger or touches and releases more broadly, improving drug delivery and therapeutic effects. Such effects are enhanced when balloon assisted technology is involved.
  • the prosthesis system of the present invention for treating sinusitis or allergic rhinitis, optionally increasing the friction of the prosthesis and the implant site includes, but is not limited to, the following design, the prosthetic wall has at least one protrusion protruding from the outer surface From the bulge, the bulge can "break" into the implant site, so that the prosthesis can be “hanged” at the implant site to achieve the effect of increasing the firmness; under the premise of the tolerance of the implant site, the prosthesis can be appropriately increased.
  • the support force of the part is used to increase the frictional effect; the surface of the artificial body is modified, the other substances are added or the outer surface material is removed to make it rougher, and the friction coefficient is increased.
  • one or more designs of the above methods can be used to achieve a firming effect on the position of the implant after implantation.
  • At least one hole in the wall of the prosthesis is interspersed with a drug-containing degradable fiber tow into which a single hole can be inserted without a tow, There may be one or more bundles of fiber tow through.
  • the tow passes through at least one hole in the axial or vertical axial direction (circumferential direction) or irregularly, and is formed to be hung inside the prosthesis (the hole in the axial prosthesis) or externally. Tow.
  • the length of the axially inserted tow is greater than the axial absolute length of the prosthesis itself, and the ideal length is 1.2 times to 10 times the axial absolute length; the vertical axial tow passes through the hole along the contour of the prosthesis wall, and the length is greater than being interspersed
  • the circumference of the part, the ideal length is 1.5 to 5 times the circumference; the total length of the irregular perforated tow is more than 1.2 times the length of the tow of the tow insertion path and the end hole wall, and the ideal length is 1.5 times to 5 times.
  • the inside of the tow or the surface of the tow contains an effective drug for treatment.
  • the type of the drug may be the same or different drugs as the coated drug of the prosthesis, and the degradable polymer of the tow fiber may be made into a prosthesis.
  • the degradable polymer is the same or a different kind of polymer.
  • the degradable fiber tow may be immersed in the coated drug solution to obtain a drug-coated degradable fiber tow having a surface-coated drug, or the coated drug solution may be sprayed or brushed onto the fiber tow.
  • a more robust drug-loading, degradable fiber bundle can be obtained by a degradable polymer and a drug solution spinning method, and the drug is hooked into the polymer to obtain a hooked drug-coated fiber tow, or can be obtained as needed.
  • the core type has a drug fiber, and the skin layer and the core layer are composed of different drugs or polymers, and the skin layer of the skin layer may be provided with only the skin layer or only the core layer. Different from the methods of dipping, spraying, brushing, etc., the drug-containing towed drug not only exists on the outer surface of the fiber, but is integrated with the degradable polymer, and the drug is firmer and sustained for a longer period of time.
  • the tow does not need to be firmly wrapped around the prosthesis, as long as it does not fall off during the implantation procedure.
  • the drug-degradable fiber tow like many tentacles, can carry the drug to a large area on either side of the implant site, especially the cavity inside the sinus.
  • the medicated tow scattered on both sides of the prosthesis expands the area of treatment of the prosthesis and greatly enhances the therapeutic effect.
  • the tow may be completely or partially detached from the prosthesis after implantation with the prosthesis or after implantation, and the fiber bundles detached from the sinus cavity may form a fiber mass or maintain a fiber bundle, and fall off on the other side.
  • the fiber tow will be treated with airflow or mucus movement to other lesions where the prosthesis should not be implanted.
  • Figure 1A is a schematic illustration of a prosthetic system for treating sinusitis or allergic rhinitis, in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 1B is a positional view of a length of a monofilament in the embodiment of FIG. 1A in a three-dimensional coordinate system;
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a prosthetic system for treating sinusitis or allergic rhinitis in accordance with another preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3A is a schematic illustration of a basal body of a prosthetic system for treating sinusitis or allergic rhinitis in accordance with yet another preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 3B is a schematic illustration of a prosthetic system for treating sinusitis or allergic rhinitis in accordance with yet another preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 3C is a schematic illustration of a prosthetic system similar to Figure 3B;
  • Figure 4 is a schematic illustration of a prosthetic system for treating sinusitis or allergic rhinitis in accordance with yet another preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 5A is a schematic illustration of a substrate of a prosthetic system for treating sinusitis or allergic rhinitis in accordance with yet another preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 5B is a schematic illustration of a prosthetic system for treating sinusitis or allergic rhinitis in accordance with yet another preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic illustration of a prosthetic system for treating sinusitis or allergic rhinitis in accordance with yet another preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a view showing the effect of the prosthesis system according to the present invention after release of one of the maxillary sinus ostium;
  • Figure 8 shows the degradable fiber tow of the prosthesis system;
  • Figure 9 is an enlarged view of Figure 8.
  • fiber tow refers to a degradable fiber tow that is interspersed in the wall of the prosthesis and contains a drug, consisting of not less than one fiber, the diameter of the single fiber is from 100 nm to ⁇ ;
  • the "monofilament” for weaving in Examples 1, 2, and 3 refers to the wall used for weaving the prosthesis, and is composed of one or more single fibers, and the diameter of the single fiber is from ⁇ to 800 ⁇ ; in the embodiment 3 "It means that the auxiliary base part and the braided part are better combined into a unified whole, which is inserted into the reserved hole of the base part and supported as a braided part.
  • the diameter of the single support rib is 400 ⁇ to lmm;
  • the "fiber" for bundling in Example 6 refers to the use of a bundled prosthesis, which facilitates the crimping to a finer (smaller diameter) shape and maintains it before implantation, and improves the surface friction of the prosthesis.
  • the force is composed of not less than one fiber, and the diameter of the single fiber is ⁇ to 200 ⁇ .
  • a prosthetic system for treating sinusitis or allergic rhinitis is a prosthesis 10 woven from a monofilament composed of a degradable polymer. Composition.
  • the prosthesis 10 has a circumferentially extending wall surface 11 which is closed in the circumferential direction, i.e., the wall surface 11 defines a circumferentially closed cavity, the ends of which are open.
  • the wall surface 11 is woven from a monofilament having a predetermined hole gap therebetween, so that the wall surface 11 has a certain elasticity and can be appropriately compressed and expanded.
  • the amount of monofilament used for the prosthesis 10 can be varied by adjusting the number of apex vertices 15 of the monofilaments at both ends of the prosthesis during weaving, and in particular, the amount of monofilament of the prosthesis 10 of the same diameter and length can be varied.
  • the number of monofilament intersections 16 also changes as the weave density changes.
  • a point on the outer surface of the wall surface 11 of the knitted prosthesis 10 is an outer circle perpendicular to the axial direction of the prosthesis along the outer surface contour.
  • the initial circumference L0 of the circle is compressed and the circumference is L1, after compression After the release of the unbound state, the recovery circumference is L2.
  • the initial circumference L0 refers to the circumference of the knitted molded prosthesis 10 in an initial state without external force.
  • the circumference L1 after compression refers to the circumference of the prosthesis in the compressed state after the prosthesis 10 of the initial state is compressed by an external force.
  • the circumference L2 after release refers to the circumference of the prosthesis in the unbound state after the release of the external force to release the compressed prosthesis 10.
  • the compression expansion ratio is defined as the ratio of L2 to L0, expressed as a percentage.
  • the both end portions 12, 13 of the wall surface 11 have positioning portions which gradually extend radially outward, i.e., the radial lengths of the end portions 12, 13 of the wall surface are larger than the radial length of the intermediate portion 14.
  • Different parts of the prosthesis 10 of such design may have different compression expansion ratios, and the average compression expansion ratio of the prosthesis 10 may be represented by the average of the compression expansion ratios of the points on the axial unit length, and the compression expansion ratio is closer. At 100%, the rebound resilience of the prosthesis is better. The worse the rebound, the worse the self-expansion performance.
  • the number of the apex 15 of the monofilament and the number of turns required for the monofilament to surround the end of the prosthesis to the other end along the wall 11 is the performance of the prosthesis 10 after molding. Decisive factor.
  • 17 is the axial axis of the prosthesis 10, which can be regarded as the X-axis in the three-dimensional view
  • 18 is the axis perpendicular to the axial axis 17 of the prosthesis center, which can be in the three-dimensional view.
  • It is regarded as the Y-axis
  • 19 is the center of the over-prosthesis (the intersection of the X-axis and the Y-axis, that is, the origin) is perpendicular to the axes of the X-axis 17 and the Y-axis 18, and can be regarded as the Z-axis in the three-dimensional view.
  • helix angle, ⁇ the acute angle formed by the monofilament and the YZ plane when weaving.
  • Fig. 1B is a view showing the position of a piece of monofilament 10a in a three-dimensional coordinate system after the knitting of the prosthesis is completed, and the helix angle is an acute angle between the monofilament 10a and the YZ plane 10b.
  • the helix angle formed by the weaving may be fixed or variable.
  • Radial size the more difficult it is to be delivered to the lesion during implantation; the higher the support of the prosthesis after implantation.
  • the size of the helix angle also affects the axial elongation of the prosthesis when compressed and the axial shortening of the prosthesis after release. These indicators also affect the processing and performance of the prosthesis.
  • the prosthesis can be woven by using only one or one continuous monofilament wound back and forth, or it can be entangled with one or more monofilaments. According to different woven mold designs, along the axial direction, a certain section of the prosthesis can be woven to have a different pattern from other parts, while other parts are woven with the same pattern.
  • the shape and position of the positioning portion can be adjusted as needed.
  • the radial length of the prosthesis 10 may vary along the entire axial extension, e.g., gradually increasing from the intermediate portion toward both ends, or abruptly increasing at the ends.
  • the shape of both ends of the prosthesis is a bell shape or a double cone type having a slightly larger diameter.
  • the prosthesis can also be designed as a ball at both ends with a straight connection in the middle.
  • the prosthesis 10 is shown as a self-expanding prosthetic system that is compressed to have a smaller profile before use, is hidden within the catheter sheath, is ejected by the catheter sheath when released, expands to its original size, and is stuck in the lesion. Part.
  • the prosthesis can be bound to the balloon delivery system in advance, while expanding and expanding.
  • the balloon is expanded to assist the prosthesis to make the prosthesis more effective.
  • the prosthesis can also be released after the prosthesis is released using a pressure-carrying delivery catheter, and then the balloon can be re-supported by the expanded prosthesis to enhance the support and adherence of the prosthesis.
  • the balloon used may be a compliant balloon or a semi-compliant balloon.
  • the balloon shape may be a conventional cylindrical or specially shaped balloon according to the shape of the prosthesis, such as a bell or Double cone balloon.
  • the nasal passage is different from the vascular lumen, it is not a closed circular cavity, and there is no condition such as blood pressure, which can bind the implanted prosthesis to a relatively stable position. Therefore, the linear degradable prosthesis exists after implantation. The possibility of displacement. Therefore, the two large intermediate small prostheses can be organized in the nasal cavity and have better nasal adaptability. Since the two ends of the prosthesis have a radially outwardly protruding positioning portion, the positioning portion can "snap" the prosthesis at the maxillary sinus or frontal sinus or the lesion when the prosthesis is placed in the nasal cavity. Ensure that the prosthesis position after implantation does not cause dislocation of the prosthesis due to external factors such as exercise.
  • the middle part of the prosthesis plays a decisive supporting role.
  • the two large heads of the prosthesis play a role of positional limitation while supporting the auxiliary.
  • the middle part can be enlarged, and the inflamed tissue or sinus body and polyp sinus cartilage can be stretched or deformed outward to form a smooth drainage channel. This effect can be enhanced if balloon assisted release is used.
  • Fig. 7 is a view showing the effect of the prosthesis according to this embodiment of the present invention after one of the maxillary sinus ostium is released.
  • the prosthesis 10 is released at one of the sinus ostia of the maxillary sinus 72 and is shaped (self-expanding or dilating with the balloon) to enlarge the pore size of the sinus ostium.
  • 71 shows the frontal sinus, which can also be released to the sinus ostium of the frontal sinus 71.
  • such a design can also increase the contact area of the outer surface of the prosthesis 10 with the tissue. If the outer surface of the prosthesis 10 has a drug coating, the prosthetic surface drug can be increased. Increased drug delivery and therapeutic effects by exposure to diseased tissue.
  • the gap between the monofilaments of the wall surface 11 of the prosthesis 10 is interspersed with a drug-containing degradable fiber tow 80, which is in the gap.
  • the interleaving manner is not shown in the drawings because the interleaving method is various.
  • the fiber tow passes through the gap between the monofilaments in the axial direction, or the fiber tow passes through the gap between the monofilaments in the circumferential direction, or the fiber tow is randomly hung in the gap of the prosthetic wall surface. Thereby forming a "touch" extending from the prosthesis.
  • the fiber tow comprises at least one continuous fiber, each of which may or may not be equal in length.
  • the surface of the fiber tow or the surface of the fiber tow may contain an effective drug for treatment.
  • the fiber tow does not need to be firmly wound around the prosthesis 10, It can be used with a certain strength to ensure that it does not fall off during the implantation operation.
  • the fiber bundle 80 mounted thereon is scattered on both sides of the prosthesis 10 (i.e., both sides of the sinus).
  • the medicated degradable fiber tow 80 like many tentacles, carries the drug to the cavity 72 and the nasal passage of the maxillary sinus that the prosthesis 10 cannot directly contact.
  • the medicated tow 80 scattered on both sides of the prosthesis 10 enlarges the therapeutically affected area of the prosthesis 10 and greatly enhances the therapeutic effect.
  • Fig. 9 is a partially enlarged schematic view of Fig. 8, in which 91 shows the sinus ostium of the maxillary sinus 72.
  • the fiber tow 80 may be completely or partially detached from the prosthesis 10 after implantation of the prosthesis 10 or after degradation of the prosthesis 10, and the fiber bundle 80 detached from the sinus cavity may form fibers.
  • the group 90 or the fiber bundle is maintained, and the fiber tow which is detached on the other side is treated by the airflow or mucus movement to other lesions where the prosthesis is not suitable for implantation.
  • the prosthesis 10 When in a compressed state, the prosthesis 10 is shown as a cylindrical shape, the radial length (diameter) of each point is substantially uniform, between 0.5-10 mm, preferably between 2 mm and 5 mm; radial due to compression The length is reduced, the corresponding axial length of the prosthesis is elongated, and the elongation is related to the graphic structure and the binding size of the prosthesis, that is, the axial length changes according to the actual application; when in the unbound state, the false
  • the radial length of the intermediate portion 14 of the body 10 is exemplified as 2 mm to 30 mm, and the radial lengths of the end portions 12, 13 of the prosthesis 11 are 2 mm to 30 mm larger than the radial length of the intermediate portion 14, the prosthesis
  • the axial length of 10 is exemplified by 2 mm to 60 mm.
  • a prosthetic system for treating sinusitis or allergic rhinitis is a tubular prosthesis 20 woven from a monofilament which is degradable by a monofilament Polymer composition.
  • the prosthesis 20 has a circumferentially extending wall surface 21 which is closed in the circumferential direction, ie a circumferentially closed cavity is defined by the wall surface 21, the ends (both ends) of the cavity being open, ie the false
  • the body 20 is formed into a cylindrical structure.
  • the wall 21 is woven from a monofilament having a predetermined gap between the monofilament and the monofilament, so that the wall 21 has a certain elasticity and can be appropriately compressed and expanded.
  • the prosthesis performance can be balanced by adjusting the number of the anterior end points 22 of the prosthesis 20 and the helix angle of the monofilament when woven, such as machinability before implantation, implantation.
  • the transportability of the time and the therapeutic effect after implantation The more the number of recurve vertices 22, the more the number of prosthetic monofilament intersections 23, the greater the binding when crimping, the greater the difficulty of processing the prosthesis to the small outer diameter before implantation, and the passageability during implantation. The worse the transportability, but the greater the support force after implantation.
  • the prosthesis can be woven by using only one or one continuous monofilament wound back and forth, or it can be entangled with one or more monofilaments. According to different woven mold design, a certain section of the prosthesis can be woven into a different pattern from other parts, while other parts are woven with the same pattern to obtain different performances and effects of different parts.
  • the beneficial effect of this kind of single prosthesis in different kinds of weaving methods is that, after the end of self-expansion, if the special balloon system is used for assisting, it is easy to assign different values to the diameters of different parts of the prosthesis, so that the prosthesis is more suitable for planting.
  • the shape of the tissue into the site For example, the ends of the prosthesis are woven into a pattern that is more easily enlarged.
  • the prosthesis after the weaving is cylindrical and the diameter is uniform in the axial direction, the assisted release by the balloon can easily make the prosthesis
  • the shape is formed into two large shapes, thereby forming a prosthesis that can be "snapped" at the implantation site.
  • the gap between the monofilaments of the wall surface 21 of the prosthesis 20 is also interspersed with a drug-containing degradable fiber tow, the fiber tow is axially or vertically axial (circumferential) or irregularly Form a "tentile” hanging on the prosthesis.
  • Other features of the prosthesis 20 that are not described in detail are the same as those of the embodiment 1, and are not described herein again.
  • the prosthesis 20 is shown as a self-expanding prosthetic system.
  • the prosthesis 20 When in the non-expanded state (compressed state), the prosthesis 20 is shown as a cylindrical shape, preferably having a diameter of 0.5 to 10 mm ; and when in an expanded state (unbounded release state), the outer diameter of the prosthesis 20 is 2 mm. ⁇ 30 mm, axial length 2 mm ⁇ 60 mm.
  • a prosthetic system for treating sinusitis or allergic rhinitis includes a cylindrical base body 30 on which a wall surface 31 of the base body 30 is laser cut. A void 32 is formed.
  • the prosthetic system also includes a flared head end that is woven from the monofilaments through the gap 32 axially outwardly at both ends of the base body 30.
  • Figure 3A shows an isometric base body 30 laser cut from a hollow tube having a circumferentially extending wall surface 31 that is closed circumferentially, i.e., defined by the wall surface 31
  • the circumferentially closed cavity is open at both ends of the cavity, that is, the diameter base body 30 is formed into a cylindrical structure.
  • the wall 31 is a flat structure composed of a degradable polymer, and then laser cut so that the wall 31 has various shapes or spaced gaps 32.
  • the monofilaments formed of the degradable polymer are inserted into the voids 32, and are woven at both ends of the diameter-base body 30 to form two large positioning portions, as shown in Fig. 3B.
  • FIG. 3B shows the segmented prosthesis 30a of the present embodiment.
  • the intermediate portion of the prosthesis is a laser-cut base body 30 (see FIG. 3A), and both ends are flared head ends 34a woven from monofilaments. 35a.
  • the woven monofilament at the flared end has a predetermined gap 32a therebetween. Since the base body 30 has the gap 32, the flared head ends 34a, 35a have the gap 32a, and the wall surface 31a of the segmented prosthesis 30a has a certain elasticity, allowing moderate compression and expansion.
  • the flared head ends 34a, 35a are formed as positioning portions that gradually extend radially outward, and the flared end ends 34a, 35a have a radial length greater than the radial length of the intermediate base body 30.
  • the woven monofilament may be present as a connecting body only in the gap 32 at both ends of the base body 30, or may be distributed throughout the base body 30, i.e., inside the base body (inner wall) or outside (outer wall), the woven monofilament 33a. If the woven monofilament 33a is present inside the base body, the base body and the woven part are more integrated.
  • the hole between the gaps 32, 32a of the wall surface 31a of the prosthesis 30a is also interspersed with a drug-containing degradable fiber tow, the tow is axially or vertically axial (circumferential) or The "tentile" hanging on the prosthesis is formed irregularly.
  • Other features of the prosthesis 30a that are not described in detail are the same as those of the embodiment 1, and are not described herein again.
  • the base body 30 has a through-hole reserved hole 36.
  • the insertion hole 36 is interspersed with a support rib 33b formed of a degradable polymer for shaping, and the support rib 33b is much thicker than the woven monofilament 37.
  • the support ribs 33b are previously inserted into the insertion holes 36, and then the support ribs 33b at both ends of the projecting base body are shaped into a trumpet shape by means of heat setting or the like.
  • the monofilament 37 is woven from both ends of the base body 30 and attached to the support rib 36, and a gap 32b exists between the monofilament 37 and the support rib 36.
  • Such a design can make the combined prosthesis 30b more uniform and firmer.
  • the gaps 32, 32b of the wall surface 31b of the prosthesis 30b are also interspersed with a drug-containing degradable fiber tow, the fiber tow along the axial or vertical axis (circumferential) or irregularly Forming a "touch" hanging on the prosthesis
  • a drug-containing degradable fiber tow the fiber tow along the axial or vertical axis (circumferential) or irregularly Forming a "touch" hanging on the prosthesis
  • the body 30 When in the non-expanded state, the false The body 30 is shown as a cylindrical shape, preferably having a diameter of 0.5 to 10 mm; when in an expanded state, the radial length of the prosthesis 30 is exemplified by 2 mm to 30 mm and an axial length of 2 mm to 60 mm.
  • a prosthetic system for treating sinusitis or allergic rhinitis is a tubular prosthesis 40.
  • the prosthesis 40 has a circumferentially extending wall surface 41 which is closed in the circumferential direction, ie a circumferentially closed cavity is defined by the wall surface 41, the ends of which are open, ie the prosthesis 40 is formed It is a cylindrical structure.
  • the wall surface 41 is a flat plate-like structure composed of a degradable polymer, and then the wall portion is laser-cut and the portion of the wall surface is formed with a projection 42 projecting radially outward, and a gap 43 is formed correspondingly on the wall surface.
  • the prosthesis 40 is shown as a self-expanding prosthetic system. When in the non-expanded state, the prosthesis 40 is shown as a cylindrical shape, preferably having a diameter of 0.5-10 mm ; when in the expanded state, the radial length of the prosthesis 40 is exemplified as 2 mm to 30 mm, and the axial length is 2 mm-60 mm.
  • the projections are forced to yield to the surface of the prosthesis.
  • the bulge is extrapolated by the balloon support, which is higher than the surface of the prosthesis, forming a " ⁇ ".
  • the prosthesis contains at least one " ⁇ ", and the " ⁇ " is inserted into the nasal surface cortex. , to play a fixed role.
  • the " ⁇ " shape can be designed only in the middle of the prosthesis. When a spherical or ellipsoidal balloon is used to expand the prosthesis, the diameter of the middle part of the prosthesis is larger than the diameter of the two ends when the distraction is made, so that the " ⁇ " shape Things are easier to stretch out.
  • the gap 43 of the wall surface 41 of the prosthesis 40 is also interspersed with a drug-containing degradable fiber tow, and the fiber tow is formed in the axial or vertical axial direction (circumferential direction) or irregularly. "Tactile" on the body.
  • Other features of the prosthesis 40 that are not described in detail are the same as those of the embodiment 1, and are not described herein again.
  • a prosthetic system for treating sinusitis or allergic rhinitis is a cylindrical prosthesis 50a.
  • the prosthesis 50a has a circumferentially extending wall surface 51a which is closed in the circumferential direction, that is, a circumferentially closed cavity is defined by the wall surface 51a, and both ends of the cavity are open. That is, the prosthesis 51a is formed in a tubular structure.
  • FIGS. 1A and 5B a prosthetic system for treating sinusitis or allergic rhinitis according to still another preferred embodiment of the present invention is a cylindrical prosthesis 50a.
  • the prosthesis 50a has a circumferentially extending wall surface 51a which is closed in the circumferential direction, that is, a circumferentially closed cavity is defined by the wall surface 51a, and both ends of the cavity are open. That is, the prosthesis 51a is formed in a tubular structure.
  • the prosthesis wall surface 51a is first formed of a tubular base body 50 composed of a degradable polymer, and then various shapes or spaced gaps 55 are formed on the wall surface 51 of the base body 50 by a process such as laser cutting. Thereby, the wall surface 51 can be compressed and expanded by an external force.
  • Both ends 52a, 53a of the wall surface 51a have positioning portions that gradually extend radially outward, that is, the radial lengths of the both ends 52a, 53a of the wall surface are larger than the radial length of the intermediate portion 54a.
  • both ends of the prosthesis 50a have a flared opening. It should be understood that the shape and position of the positioning portion can be adjusted as needed.
  • the prosthesis 50a is shown as a self-expanding prosthetic system.
  • the prosthesis 50a When in the non-expanded state, the prosthesis 50a is shown as a cylindrical shape, preferably having a diameter of 0.5-10 mm ; when in the expanded state, the radial length of the intermediate portion 54a of the prosthesis 50a is exemplified as 2 mm to 30 mm.
  • the radial length of the end portions 52a, 53a of the prosthesis 50a is 2 mm to 30 mm larger than the radial length of the intermediate portion 54a, and the axial length of the prosthesis 50a is exemplified as 2 mm - 60 mm.
  • the prosthesis can be released with a trumpet-shaped balloon to obtain two trumpet-like prostheses; the prosthesis can be cut with a pipe of equal diameter, and then the ends are intentionally The length of 1/5-1/3 is designed to be slightly larger in diameter and the middle is designed to have a small diameter. Then, with a trumpet-shaped balloon press release, two horn-like prostheses can also be obtained; a degradable non-woven fabric or a woven flat mesh can also be made with a degradable material, and then the non-woven fabric or woven by welding or sewing The mesh molding forms a straight or flared prosthesis. It should be understood that the prosthesis can be obtained by one or more processing methods such as lamination, casting, weaving, winding, laser cutting, and the like.
  • the void 55 of the wall surface 51a of the prosthesis 50a is also interspersed with a drug-containing degradable fiber tow, and the fiber tow is formed in the axial or vertical axial direction (circumferential direction) or irregularly. "Tactile" on the body.
  • Other features of the prosthesis 50a that are not described in detail are the same as those of the embodiment 1, and are not described herein again.
  • a prosthetic system for treating sinusitis or allergic rhinitis in accordance with yet another preferred embodiment of the present invention is a prosthesis 60.
  • the prosthesis 60 has a circumferentially extending wall surface 61 which is non-closed in the circumferential direction and is shown as a C-shape, the arcuate portion of the wall surface 61 occupying an angle of 60 to 360 degrees over the entire circumference.
  • the wall surface 61 is first formed of a flat structure composed of a degradable polymer, and then a small hole 62 is formed on the wall surface by a laser cutting process to form a uniform hook distribution (of course, also non-uniform), and the degradable fiber 63 is The small holes are inserted through.
  • the wall surface 61 may be formed by curling of the sheet-like substrate, wherein the sheet-like substrate may be subjected to a cutting operation in advance to form the small hole 62, or may be subjected to a cutting operation after the sheet-like substrate is crimped. To form the small hole 62.
  • the wall surface 61 can be compressed and expanded by an external force due to the toughness of the polymer plate and the small holes 62.
  • the tension of the wall surface 61 makes the compression performance and the expansion performance of the prosthesis 60 more flexible.
  • the avoidance 61 can be crimped and then bound by the degradable fiber 63, limiting the prosthesis to a relatively small diameter range. It should be understood that the shape and position of the apertures 62 and fibers 63 can be adjusted as desired.
  • the prosthesis 60 is shown as a self-expanding prosthetic system, which is restrained in the catheter sheath before release, and is pushed out by the catheter through a doctor during surgery, and the prosthesis is expanded and opened to support; the prosthesis can also be tied to the ball. On the capsule, the balloon is opened in the lesion.
  • the prosthesis 60 When in the non-expanded state, the prosthesis 60 is shown as being cylindrical, preferably 0.5-10 mm in diameter ; when in the expanded state, the radial length of the prosthesis 60 is exemplified as 2 mm to 30 mm, axial length It is 2mm-60 mm.
  • the prosthesis reduces the diameter of the support by tightening the polymer fibers and rolling up the sheet.
  • the interspersed fibers are used to bind and secure the prosthesis to the delivery system, and the prosthesis is released after implantation.
  • the thin plate support is characterized by a strong support ratio, and the anchoring effect on the tissue after implantation is good, and even if the two-head design is not used, the stent can be firmly stuck.
  • the interspersed fibers can increase the friction between the support and the tissue of the lesion, and also have a positive effect on the fixed position.
  • the small hole 62 of the wall surface 61 of the prosthesis 60 is also interspersed with a drug-containing degradable fiber tow, and the tow is formed in the axial or vertical axial direction (circumferential direction) or irregularly. "Tactile" on the body.
  • Other features of the prosthesis 60 that are not described in detail are the same as those of the embodiment 1, and will not be described again. Of course, it is also possible to bring the degradable fiber 63 itself to a drug to achieve an enhanced effect.
  • the materials of the degradable prosthetic matrix of the prosthetic system for treating sinusitis described herein include, but are not limited to, the following polymers: polylactic acid (PLA), polylactic acid (PLLA) or polylactic acid (PLLA).
  • LPLA polyglycolic acid/polylactic acid (PGLA), polycaprolactone (PCL) polyhydroxylbutyrate valerate (PHBV) polyacetylglutamic acid (polyacetylglutamic acid, PAGA), polyorthoesters (POE) and polyethylene oxide Polyethylene oxide/polybutylene terephthalate (PEO/PBTP), poly-p-dioxanone (PPDO), and copolymers or blends of the above materials.
  • the outer surface of the prosthetic system for treating sinusitis described herein has a coating which is a degradable polymer and the material of the coating may use a low molecular weight polymer or mixture of the above-described prosthetic matrix materials.
  • the preferred coating material is a low molecular weight polymer of the prosthetic matrix material or a low molecular weight polymer of its homologues which ensures good compatibility of the coating with the prosthetic matrix.
  • the prosthesis system for treating sinusitis described in the present application may be a naked prosthesis or a drug may be contained in the coating to form a drug coating according to need, and the drug coating may be ultrasonically sprayed, manually brushed, or immersed. Or mechanical dispensing or other means.
  • the drug in the drug coating may be a specific diagnostic agent comprising a radiopaque substance such as iodine or a iodine derivative, for example, iodine hexaol and iopamidol. It can also be other diagnostic reagents such as radioisotopes that can be traced to radiation.
  • the reagents that can be traced using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are typically paramagnetic agents, including, but not limited to, ruthenium chelates. Examples of reagents that can be probed by ultrasound are, but are not limited to, perfluorohexane. Fluorescent auxiliaries include, but are not limited to, phthalocyanine green.
  • PET Positron Emission Tomography
  • Reagents for the diagnosis of Positron Emission Tomography including but not limited to, fluorodeoxyglucose, sodium fluoride, methionine, choline, deoxyglucose, n-butanol, repulpidine, snail Piperon, bromospiperone, carfentanil, flumazenil.
  • the drug in the drug coating may be selected but not limited to the following drugs: long-acting steroid hormones, anti-inflammatory drugs, anti-allergic drugs, parasympathetic blockers, antihistamines, anti-infectives, anti-platelet drugs , anticoagulants, antithrombotics, anti-scarring drugs, anti-proliferative drugs, chemotherapeutics, antineoplastic agents, decongestants, healing enhancers, vitamins (eg retinoic acid, vitamin A, vitamin B, and derivatives thereof) ), an immunomodulatory agent, an immunosuppressive drug, and a composition or mixture of the above agents.
  • drugs eg retinoic acid, vitamin A, vitamin B, and derivatives thereof
  • Anti-infective agents typically include antibacterial, antifungal, antiparasitic, antiviral, and preservative agents.
  • Anti-inflammatory agents usually include steroid or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.
  • Anti-allergic agents that can be used in the prosthesis of the present application include, but are not limited to: Aprasite potassium (ALAMAST®, Santen, Inc.), and any prodrugs, metabolites, derivatives, homologs, congeners thereof , derivatives, salt, and their compositions.
  • Agents against malignant cell proliferation include, but are not limited to, actinomycin D, actinomycin IV, actinomycin II, actinomycin XI, actinomycin Cl, and dactinomycin (COSMEGEN®, Merck & Co., Inc.).
  • Antiplatelet agents, anticoagulants, antifibrin and antithrombins include, but are not limited to, heparin sodium, low molecular weight heparin, heparinoids, hirudin, argatroban, forskolin, taprostine, ring Prostaglandin, cycloprostol, dextran, D-phenylalanine-valine-arginine-chloromethylketone hydrochloride (chemically synthesized antithrombin), dipyridamole, glycoprotein li b I III a platelet membrane receptor antagonist antibody, recombinant hirudin, thrombin inhibitor (ANGIOMAX®, Biogen, Inc.), and any prodrugs, metabolites, derivatives, homologs, congeners, derivatives , salt and their compositions.
  • heparin sodium low molecular weight heparin, heparinoids, hirudin, argatroban, forskolin, taprostine, ring Pro
  • Cytostatic and anti-cell proliferation that can be used in the prosthesis of the present application include, but are not limited to, angiotensin; angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors such as captopril (CAPOTEN®, CAPOZIDE®, Bristol-Myers Squibb Co) .
  • angiotensin angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors such as captopril (CAPOTEN®, CAPOZIDE®, Bristol-Myers Squibb Co) .
  • cilazapril linopril
  • linopril PRINIVIL®, PRINZIDE®, Merck & Co., Inc.
  • calcium channel blockers such as nifedipine, colchicine; fibroblast growth factor (FGF) Antagonists, cod liver oil (omega-3 fatty acids); histamine antagonists; lovastatin (MEVACOR®, Merck & Co., Inc.); monoclonal antibodies, including but not limited to, blood Small plate-derived growth factor (PDGF) receptor-specific antibody; sodium nitroprusside; phosphodiesterase inhibitor; prostaglandin inhibitor; suramin; serotonin blocker; steroid; thiol protease inhibitor; Growth factor (PDGF) antagonists, including but not limited to, triazolopyrimidine; nitric oxide; and any prodrugs, metabolites, derivatives, homologs, congeners, derivatives, salts, and combinations thereof Things.
  • PDGF blood Small
  • Antibacterial agents that can be used in the prosthesis of the present application include, but are not limited to: aminoglycosides, amide alcohols, ansamycins, beta-lactam antibiotics, such as penicillins, lincomycins, macrolides Classes, nitrofurans, quinolones, sulfonamides, sulfones, tetracyclines, vancomycins, and their derivatives and compositions.
  • Penicillin agents that can be used in the prosthesis of the present application include, but are not limited to: azin penicillin, azadirachtinic acid diester, amoxicillin, ampicillin, apocillin, azidocillin, bamcillin, benzyl blue Mycophenolic acid, sodium penicillin, carbenicillin, carbocillin, chloromethinate, cloxacillin, cyclohexillin, dicloxacillin, epilcillin, fenbylillin, flucloxacillin, hetacillin, lenampicillin, Maytancillin, trimethoprim sodium, mezlocillin, nafcillin sodium, oxacillin, peoxicillin, oxacillin hydroiodide, phenicillin, benzathine penicillin G, penicillin G diphenylmethylamine Salt, penicillin G calcium, natamin penicillin G, penicillin G potassium, procaine penicillin G, penicillin N
  • Antifungal agents that can be used in the prosthesis of the present application include, but are not limited to, allylamines, imidazoles, polyenes, sulfurized carbamates, triazoles, and derivatives thereof.
  • Antiparasitic agents include, but are not limited to, atovaquone, clindamycin, dapsone, bisquinoline, metronidazole, pentamidine, primaquine, pyrimethamine, sulfadiazine, trimethoprim Pyridine/sulfamethoxazole, trimethoate, and mixtures thereof.
  • Antiviral agents that can be used in the prosthesis of the present application include, but are not limited to: acyclovir, famciclovir, ciclovir, uridine, ganciclovir, foscarnet, cidofovir, formivir Health, HPMPA (9-(3-hydroxy-2-phosphomethoxypropyl)-adenine), PMEA (9-(2-methoxypropyl)-adenine), HPMPG (9- (3-hydroxy-2-phosphomethoxypropyl)-guanine), PMEG (9-[2-phosphomethoxypropyl]guanine), HPMPC (1-(2-phosphomethoxy) -3-hydroxypropyl)-cytosine, ribavirin, EICAR (5-ethynyl- ⁇ - ⁇ -D-ribofuranosyl-1H-imidazole-4-carboxamide), pyrazofuran ( 3-[ ⁇ - ⁇ -ribofuranosyl]-4-hydroxypyrazole-5-carboxamide), 3-dis
  • Disinfectant antiseptic agents that can be used in the prosthesis of the present application include, but are not limited to: alcohol, chlorhexidine, iodine, triclosan, hexachlorophene, and silver-based reagents: such as silver chloride, silver oxide, nanosilver particles .
  • Anti-inflammatory agents include steroids and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents.
  • Suitable steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs include, but are not limited to, 21-acetyloxypregnenolone, aclomethasone, alpha progesterone, ansinide, beclomethasone, betamethasone, budesonide, prednisone, Clobetasol, clobetasone, clodroxol, cloprenol, corticosterone, cortisone, cortisol, decoxate, dexamethasone, deoxymetazone, dexamethasone, Diflurazon, diflupredil, difluprednate, glycyrrhetinic acid, fluzacote, flucline, flumethasone, fentansone, easy skin, acetic acid, fucodidine Ester, fluconazole, fluorometholone, fluoropyron acetate, flupentidine acetate
  • Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents include, but are not limited to, cyclooxygenase (cox) inhibitors.
  • cyclooxygenase (cox) inhibitors may include COX-1 or COX non-specific inhibitors, for example, salicylic acid derivatives, aspirin, sodium salicylate, magnesium choline trisalicylate, salsalate, Diflunisal, sulfasalazine, olsalazine; p-aminophenol derivatives, for example, acetaminophen; hydrazine and hydrazine acetic acid, for example, indomethacin and sulindac; isoaryl acetic acid, For example, toluidylpyridinic acid, diclofenac, ketorolac; arylpropionic acid, for example, ibuprofen, naproxen, flurbiprofen, ketoprofen, fenoprofen, oxaprozin
  • COX inhibitors may also include selective cyclooxygenase COX2, for example, diaryl substituted furanones, rofecoxib; diaryl substituted pyrazoles, celecoxib; indole acetic acid, eg, relying on Acid; sulfonamides, such as nimesulide.
  • selective cyclooxygenase COX2 for example, diaryl substituted furanones, rofecoxib; diaryl substituted pyrazoles, celecoxib; indole acetic acid, eg, relying on Acid; sulfonamides, such as nimesulide.
  • Chemotherapy and anti-tumor agents that can be used in the prosthesis of the present application include, but are not limited to, anti-cancer agents (eg, tumor chemotherapeutics, biological effect modifiers, angiogenesis inhibitors, hormone receptor blockers, cryotherapy agents, And other agents that can destroy or inhibit tumorigenesis and growth, for example, alkylating agents or other agents that can kill cancer cells directly by DNA attack (eg, cyclic phosphate, isoctophosphamide), nitrosourea or Other agents that kill cancer cells by inhibiting cellular DNA repair (eg, carmustine (BCNU), lomustine (CCNU)), antimetabolites, or other agents that block the growth of cancer cells by interfering with specific cellular functions, usually For DNA synthesis (eg, 6-thioguanidine, 5 fluorodioxypyridine (5FU), anti-tumor antibiotics, and other compounds that can bind or set DNA and prevent DNA synthesis once (eg, doxorubicin, daunorubicin
  • Biological effect modulating agents eg, interferon, BCG, monoclonal antibodies
  • interleukin 2, granulocyte colony stimulating factor (GCSF), etc. PGDF receptor antagonist
  • Herceptin asparaginase, busulfan, carboplatin, cisplatin, carmustine, phenylbutyrate Mustard, cytarabine, dacarbazone, etoposide, flucarbazone, fluorouracil, gemcitabine, hydroxyurea, ifosfamide, irinotecan, cyclohexyl nitrosourea, melphalan, guanidine, Methotrexate, Thioguanine, thiotepa, raltitrexed, topotecan, tributyl sulfonate, vinblastine, vincristine, mitoa
  • Biological effect modulating agents eg, interferon, BCG, monoclonal antibodies
  • GCSF granul
  • the drug in the surface coating of the prosthesis can be continuously released to treat the surrounding lesions, thereby achieving a sustained release effect.
  • the amount of sustained release of the above various drugs is related to the required dose.
  • Each drug should be delivered at a dose that protects the patient's health, safety, and effectiveness, and that the patient receives a healthy, safe, and effective dose.
  • the drug on the prosthesis may or may not be released at a constant rate.
  • the drug on the prosthesis can be given any suitable rate of release.
  • the prosthesis can comprise multiple layers of drug, each layer being given a different specific release rate.
  • dispersing the drug particles within the polymer monofilament can also impart to the prosthesis the effect of releasing each layer at a particular rate during drug release.
  • a drug storage method can be employed in order to obtain different release rates.
  • These implementations or their combined implementations can impart a release rate to the prosthetic diversity or provide a transient or delayed burst release effect in addition to the normal release of the prosthesis.
  • One or more release rate modifiers can be used to achieve the goal.
  • Suitable conditioning agents can be any suitable biocompatible material which is used to adjust the rate of release of the drug on the prosthesis.
  • the release rate modifier may comprise a hydrophilic agent.
  • the release rate modifier is a polyvinyl alcohol, such as a polyvinyl alcohol having a molecular weight of from 5,000 to 7,000, such as PEG 6000.
  • the prosthesis may comprise a plurality of releasable drugs that may or may not be encapsulated (e.g., encapsulated within a micro-storage layer or other material).
  • multiple drugs can be included in the same coating.
  • the coating is discontinuous and the different coating sites contain different drugs. In this type of implementation, different portions of the coating have different compositions and thus different release rates.
  • the prosthesis comprises a plurality of drug release coatings, each coating comprising a different drug or combination of drugs.
  • the drug storage implementation can include different drugs or simultaneously release multiple drugs as compared to the drug release layer.
  • different drug or drug combination releases can be achieved as compared to single or multiple drug release. Any of the above implementations can be used and combined to achieve the desired release effect.
  • the support time of the implant after prosthesis can be controlled by adjusting the performance of the degraded prosthetic base material as needed. This support time is generally 1-12 months.
  • the effective drug contained in the coating will be continuously released, and the drug can be directly and continuously administered to the lesion to inhibit the growth of the lesion and gradually eliminate it, thereby more thoroughly treating nasal sinus such as sinusitis.
  • the drug release time and dosage can be adjusted as needed, and the usual sustained release time is from 1 week to 6 months.

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Abstract

公开了一种用于治疗鼻窦炎或过敏性鼻炎的假体系统。所述假体系统具有可降解聚合物形成的周向延伸的壁面(11,21,31,41),所述壁面(11,21,31,41)具有若干空隙(51a,61),含有药物的可降解纤维丝束(80)穿插于所述空隙(51a,61)中。由可降解聚合物构成的假体系统在被压缩时可以提供足够的垂直外表面的法向力,在植入部位释放后可以保持形成的通道不被轻易封闭。由可降解聚合物构成的假体系统具有内部轴向中空的孔,可以保持植入后鼻腔自然通气的状态。由可降解聚合物构成的假体系统可以在鼻腔中自然降解,装载在假体系统上的带药可降解纤维丝束(80)可以触及支架不能直接接触的病变部位,优化治疗效果。

Description

一种用于治疗鼻窦炎或过敏性鼻炎的假体系统
技术领域
本发明涉及医疗器械领域,更具体地涉及一种用于治疗鼻窦炎或过敏性鼻炎的假体系 统。 背景技术
鼻窦炎及过敏性鼻炎是耳鼻喉常见病及多发病, 发生于 5~79岁之间。卫生部门调查 显示: 目前全球过敏性鼻炎的发病率高达 10%至 14%, 鼻窦炎发病率约占人口的 15 %左 右, 全球有将近 6亿人正在饱受鼻炎的 "骚扰", 并呈逐步上升趋势。
其中 66%的哮喘患者是过敏性鼻炎的受害者。 据专家介绍, 过敏性鼻炎如未得到正 确治疗, 超过 1/3的患者最终发展为哮喘。
鼻窦又称鼻旁窦、副鼻窦,为鼻腔周围多个含气的骨质腔,它们均以小管与鼻腔相通。 它们隐蔽在鼻腔旁边, 上颌窦位于鼻腔两旁、 眼眶上面的上颌骨内; 额窦在额骨内; 筛窦 位于鼻腔上部的两侧, 由筛管内许多含气小腔组成; 蝶窦在鼻腔后方的喋骨内。
正常人的鼻腔及鼻窦内之表皮黏膜细胞持续有清澈的液体分泌出来,再经由黏膜细胞 上面的纤毛有规率的脉动, 将这些分泌物从鼻窦、经由鼻腔往后流到鼻咽腔、喉咙再吞入 食道、 及胃中。 一般成年人每天约分泌 1 公升的黏液, 藉由这些黏液来维持鼻腔及鼻窦 内部的湿度, 同时吸附空气中的灰尘及异物, 以保护呼吸道的健康。一旦因为病毒、 细菌 的入侵, 或异物的剌激, 导致清澈的黏液分泌变为脓稠, 或纤毛丧失有规率的脉动, 都会 产生脓稠的鼻涕或鼻涕倒流的感觉, 而引致鼻炎或鼻膜肿胀, 都会使这些小管闭塞。 当这 些小管闭塞时, 就会影响到鼻腔黏液滞流在鼻窦内, 影响排放。 如果不及早诊治, 就会演 变成为鼻窦炎、 过敏性鼻炎或其他鼻炎。
当鼻窦发炎时会造成头痛、鼻塞、流脓涕、暂时性嗅觉障碍、畏寒、发热、食欲不振、 便秘、 周身不适等。 较小儿童幼儿可发生呕吐、 腹泻、 咳嗽等症状。 脓鼻涕剌激咽喉还可 以引起咽喉不适, 咽喉炎等。
而过敏性鼻炎, 通常患者接触或吸入致敏原后, 体内的 IgE (免疫球蛋白 E) 会引致 肥大细胞释放组织胺,造成过敏反应。变应原是诱导特异性 IgE抗体并与之发生反应的抗 原。 它们多来源于动物、 植物、 昆虫、 真菌或职业性物质。 变应原主要分为吸入性变应原 和食物性变应原。吸入性变应原是变应性鼻炎的主要原因。敏性鼻炎的患者主要表现为毛 细血管扩张、 通透性增加和腺体分泌增加以及嗜酸粒细胞浸润等。 若上述病症反复发作, 可引起黏膜上皮层增殖性改变, 导致黏膜肥厚及息肉样变。其症状与感冒相似, 主要是鼻 痒、 鼻塞、 流鼻涕、 打喷嚏和流清水状鼻涕 (流鼻水)等症, 间歇性反复发作, 发作时鼻粘 膜苍白水肿。 严重也有可能会演变成鼻窦炎、 哮喘或耳部感染。
对于药物治疗在鼻腔疾病的应用, 传统上采用滴鼻或喷雾剂向鼻腔内喷洒药物的方 式。 研究表明, 由于组织的遮挡, 传统的治疗方式下有效药物并不能顺利达到病变部位, 只能将不超过 30%的药液不均勾的送达病变部位, 大大降低了药物治疗效果。
目前已有鼻腔冲洗装置,可以用生理盐水或含有药物的药液冲洗鼻腔,但短暂的药物 作用几乎仅限于鼻甲部位内,并不能到达额窦和上颌窦窦体内部,不能对发炎鼻窦直接作 用, 而多数鼻窦发生病变会涉及几乎所有窦体。 其实, 即便药液能够进入窦体空腔内部, 而对于额窦开口在底部的窦体来讲,在清洗或喷药完成后,几乎所有药液都会由窦口流出, 药物也没有机会贮存在其内部进行长期有效治疗。
功能性鼻内窥镜微创手术对急性鼻窦炎和慢性鼻窦炎具有特别明显的治疗效果。可以 精确的去除病变组织和骨头, 使鼻窦开口扩大, 恢复鼻窦的正常生理功能。鼻内窥镜鼻窦 手术具有传统鼻窦炎手术无法比拟的微创性。 但是鼻内窥镜手术的价格昂贵, 治疗不彻 底, 极易复发, 重复治费用造成患者精神经济负担重。
治疗过敏性鼻炎的手术疗法主要有神经阻断术治疗、低温等离子术、下鼻甲黏膜手术、 降低副交感神经兴奋性手术, 和其他的手术疗法, 但是上述手术复发率高, 费用高。
而大多数鼻病长期反复正是因为治疗药物不能长期持续地作用于病变部位,间断性的 治疗带来疾病反复发作。如果能通过简单的微创手术,针对病变部位长期定点定量给药可 以更有效的发挥药物治疗作用。导管治疗技术方便快捷, 但球囊撤走后, 被扩张好的通道 仍很容易因患者自身的病变再生或组织回弹再次堵塞。 申请号 CN101837148 A公开了 "一 种多孔性可生物降解支架及其制备方法", 提供了一种制备多孔生物降解支架的方法, 可 用于组织再生。但是, 该方法制备的微孔支架孔径很小, 只可以用于组织填充, 并不能提 供良好的气体或液体通道, 因此无法维持支撑鼻窦口等腔体的扩张状态并且维持鼻腔畅 通。 另外, 该类微孔支架为了达到填充的目的, 具有很好的弹性, 因空间受阻等原因并不 能很好地被压缩以通过微创植入鼻腔。因此,必须寻找一种能够通过微创手术介入并制造 鼻窦口畅通通道的假体,该假体在使扩张好的通气通道得到足够长时间的维持,并在此条 件下不断给药, 才能使病患病变部位得到根治, 从而还原组织本身的机能, 将通道再次堵 塞的可能降至最低。 发明内容
本发明的目的是提供用于治疗鼻窦炎或过敏性鼻炎的假体系统,从而克服现有技术中 的球囊撤走之后, 被扩张好的通道被再次堵塞等问题。
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明的技术方案是提供一种用于治疗鼻窦炎或过敏性鼻炎 的假体系统,所述假体系统具有可降解聚合物形成的周向延伸的壁面,所述壁面具有若干 空隙, 含有药物的可降解纤维丝束穿插于所述空隙中。
所述壁面通过单丝编织、 管状基体切割或片状基体卷曲而成。
所述壁面包括筒状的基础体和由单丝编织而成的扩口头端,所述扩口头端从所述基础 体的两端轴向向外编织形成。
所述壁面具有药物涂层,所述壁面的药物涂层中的药物与所述可降解纤维丝束中含有 的药物相同或不相同。
所述壁面在周向上封闭并形成为两端敞开的筒状结构。 所述壁面的两端具有径向向外逐渐延伸的定位部。
所述壁面的外表面具有径向向外延伸的至少一个凸起。
所述壁面具有均勾分布的小孔和贯穿所述小孔的支撑筋。
所述壁面在周向上是非封闭的。
所述壁面具有均勾分布的小孔和贯穿所述小孔的用于捆绑的可降解纤维。
所述可降解纤维本身形成为含有药物的可降解纤维丝束。
所述可降解纤维丝束可采用浸渍、 刷涂、 喷涂或纺丝等方式获得。
本发明所提供的用于治疗鼻窦炎或过敏性鼻炎的假体系统可以在鼻窦旋切术之后使 用,或者不经旋切术直接使用。本发明所提供的由可降解聚合物构成的假体系统在被压缩 时可以提供足够的垂直外表面的法向力,而在植入相应部位(病变部位或鼻窦口)释放后, 可以防止被撑开后的通道再次封闭。
在使用前, 假体必须维持在相当小的直径下, 以方便在鼻腔内引导和输送, 本发明的 假体壁面带有空隙,可以压握至更小直径,方便装入压握式输送导管内或被捆绑在球囊输 送系统上。在使用过程中,可利用输送导管或球囊输送系统安全准确地将本发明的假体系 统在鼻腔内病变部位或鼻窦口释放。本发明的假体系统为自膨胀假体, 被实现压握、束缚 固定在压握式输送导管内,可以通过压握式输送导管到达病变处,解除固定后自扩张对病 变部位起支撑作用。本发明的假体系统也可以通过简单的管路进行释放,被放入鼻腔的管 路的一端开口处于窦口位置, 另一端开口露出外鼻, 手术时将该管路固定后, 将假体用手 或专用装置压缩后由露出外鼻一侧开口放入,然后用可弯曲的弹性支撑杆插入管路,将假 体推送至窦口位置的另一侧开口,在达到预定位置后,该假体自膨胀从而支撑在窦口位置。 更近一步地,为了使假体与被支撑组织贴合更紧密,可以在释放时或释放后采取球囊辅助 释放 (球囊扩张)。 可以事先将假体捆绑在球囊输送系统上, 在自膨胀扩张时, 同时采用 球囊扩张的方式辅助假体赋型,使假体贴壁效果更好。也可以在使用压握式输送导管释放 假体后, 再送入球囊对扩张后的假体再支撑, 以加持假体支撑及贴壁效果。如果使用球囊 辅助扩张,所使用的球囊可以为顺应性球囊或半顺应性球囊,球囊外形可以是常规圆柱形 或根据假体形状特殊设计的异型球囊, 如》铃型或双锥形球囊。
本发明的用于治疗鼻窦炎或过敏性鼻炎的假体系统,可以确保在植入后的位置的稳定 性和可靠性,通常可以采取但不仅限于以下方式得到,将假体做成轴向上两头直径大于中 间直径的形状, 假体植入后"卡"在窦口; 增加植入后假体外表面与植入部位的摩擦力, 将 假体固定在植入部位等。
本发明的用于治疗鼻窦炎或过敏性鼻炎的假体系统,可选的 "卡"在植入部位的设计可 以为直筒状、 直径不统一筒状或其他特殊形状, 优选的形状为两头直径稍大的" *铃型" 或"双锥体型"。 假体两头的直径可以相等值, 也可以不相等, 即, 一头大一头小, 但两头 设计直径不小于假体中间部位的直径。两头大的设计可以将假体"卡"在上颌窦口或额窦口 或病变部位,确保植入后假体位置不会因为运动等外因导致假体脱位。假体中间部分起到 决定性的支撑作用, 假体两个大头在起辅助支撑的同时, 主要起到位置限定作用。 当假体 释放时, 促使发炎组织或鼻窦体和鼻窦口软骨向外伸展或形变, 形成畅通的引流通道。如 果采用球囊辅助扩张技术, 引流通道开口会更畅通, 假体与被释放部位肌体贴合更紧密。 直筒状设计假体要得到两头大的效果, 必须采用两头大的球囊在植入时或植入后将其赋 型。 当假体的表面上具有药物涂层时, 与相同长度、等中间直径的假体相比, 两头大的假 体因为体积和表面积增加等因素,假体可以带更多的药或同等的药物可以与组织表面接触 的面积更大或触及和释放更为宽广,提高药物传递和治疗效果。而此类效果在有球囊辅助 技术参与时会得到加强。
本发明的用于治疗鼻窦炎或过敏性鼻炎的假体系统,可选的增加假体与植入部位摩擦 力的设计包括但不仅限于以下设计,假体壁面有至少一个突出于外表面的凸起, 凸起可以 "剌入 "植入部位组织, 使假体 "挂"在植入部位, 达到增加牢固度的效果; 在植入部位承受 力允许的前提下,适当增加假体对植入部位的支撑力而达到增加摩擦力的效果;将假体外 表面进行修饰, 增加其他物质或去除外表面物质使其变得更加粗糙, 增加摩擦系数等。
通常情况下,为得到植入后植入物的位置牢固效果,可以使用以上方式的一种或多种 设计来实现。
本发明的用于治疗鼻窦炎或过敏性鼻炎的假体系统,假体壁面的至少一个孔洞内穿插 有含有药物的可降解纤维丝束穿入其中,单个孔洞可以无丝束穿入其中,也可以有一束或 一束以上的纤维丝束穿入。假体壁面的孔洞内, 丝束沿轴向或垂直轴向 (周向)或无规律 地依次穿入不少于一个孔洞, 形成挂在假体内部(轴向假体中孔)或外部的丝束。轴向穿 插的丝束长度大于假体自身轴向绝对长度,理想的长度为 1.2倍至 10倍的轴向绝对长度; 垂直轴向的丝束通过孔洞沿假体壁轮廓穿行,长度大于被穿插部位的周长,理想的长度为 周长的 1.5至 5倍;无规律穿孔丝束总长度大于丝束穿插路径起点孔与终点孔壁面丝束长 度的 1.2倍以上, 理想的长度为 1.5倍至 5倍。丝束内为至少一根连续的纤维, 单丝束内, 每根纤维长度可以相等, 也可以不相等。
丝束内或丝束表面含有治疗用的有效药物,药物的种类可以与假体上涂层药物为同种 或不同种药物,制成丝束纤维的可降解聚合物可以与制成假体的可降解聚合物为同种或不 同种聚合物。可以将可降解纤维丝束浸渍在涂层药物溶液中获得表面带药物的带药可降解 纤维丝束, 或者将涂层药物溶液喷涂或刷涂在纤维丝束上获得。更为牢固的带药, 可降解 纤维束可以通过可降解聚合物和药物溶液纺丝方法获得,将药物均勾混于聚合物中得到均 勾的带药纤维丝束,也可以根据需要得到皮芯型带药纤维,皮层和芯层由不同种药物或聚 合物组成, 皮层芯层可以都带有也可以只有皮层或只有芯层带药。 与浸渍、 喷涂、刷涂等 方法不同, 这类带药丝束药物不仅仅存在与纤维外表面, 而是与可降解聚合物融为一体, 药物更牢固, 缓释更长久。
丝束并不需要牢固缠绕在假体上,只需保障在植入手术时不一脱落即可。在假体植入 后, 带药可降解纤维丝束像许多触手, 可以将药带至植入部位两侧很大的区域, 特别是窦 体内部的空腔。散落在假体两侧的带药丝束扩大了假体治疗影响区域,大大增强了治疗效 果。丝束在随假体植入后或在植入降解后, 可以从假体上全部或部分脱落, 脱落在鼻窦腔 体内的纤维束可以形成纤维团或维持纤维丝束状,脱落在另一侧的纤维丝束会随着气流或 黏液运动交流至其他不宜植入假体的病变部位进行治疗。 附图说明
图 1A是本发明的一个优选实施例的用于治疗鼻窦炎或过敏性鼻炎的假体系统的示意 图;
图 1B是图 1A的实施例中的一段单丝在三维坐标系中的位置图;
图 2 是根据本发明的另一个优选实施例的用于治疗鼻窦炎或过敏性鼻炎的假体系统 的示意图;
图 3A是根据本发明的又一个优选实施例的用于治疗鼻窦炎或过敏性鼻炎的假体系统 的基础体的示意图;
图 3B是根据本发明的又一个优选实施例的用于治疗鼻窦炎或过敏性鼻炎的假体系统 的示意图;
图 3C是与图 3B类似的假体系统的示意图;
图 4 是根据本发明的又一个优选实施例的用于治疗鼻窦炎或过敏性鼻炎的假体系统 的示意图;
图 5A是根据本发明的又一个优选实施例的用于治疗鼻窦炎或过敏性鼻炎的假体系统 的基体的示意图;
图 5B是根据本发明的又一个优选实施例的用于治疗鼻窦炎或过敏性鼻炎的假体系统 的示意图。
图 6 是根据本发明的又一个优选实施例的用于治疗鼻窦炎或过敏性鼻炎的假体系统 的示意图;
图 7 示出了根据本发明的假体系统在在其中一个上颌窦口释放后的效果示意图; 图 8示出了假体系统的可降解纤维丝束;
图 9是图 8的放大视图。 具体实施方式
下面结合附图, 给出本发明的较佳实施例, 并予以详细描述, 使能更好地理解本发明 的用于治疗鼻窦炎或过敏性鼻炎的假体系统的功能、 特点。
在以下所有实施例中, "纤维丝束"是指穿插于假体壁面空隙中, 含有药物的可降解纤 维丝束, 由不少于一根纤维组成, 单纤维直径在 lOOnm至 ΙΟΟμηι; 而在实施例 1、 2、 3 中的编织用"单丝"是指编织假体壁面所用, 由一根或多根单纤维组成, 单纤维直径在 ΙΟΟμηι至 800μηι; 在实施例 3中的"支撑筋 "是指为辅助基础体部分与编织部分更好结合 成统一整体, 既穿插于基础体部分预留孔内, 又做为编织部分的支撑, 单根支撑筋的直径 在 400μηι至 lmm; 在实施例 6中的捆绑用"纤维"是指起捆绑假体之用, 方便假体在植入 前被卷曲成更细(直径更小)形状并维持在该状态, 并能提高假体外表面摩擦力, 由不少 于一根纤维组成, 单根纤维直径 Ιμηι至 200μηι。
实施例 1 如图 1A和 IB所示, 根据本发明的一个优选实施例的用于治疗鼻窦炎或过敏性鼻炎 的假体系统是由单丝编织而成的假体 10, 该单丝由可降解聚合物构成。该假体 10具有周 向延伸的壁面 11, 该壁面 11在周向上是封闭的, 即由该壁面 11界定一个周向封闭的空 腔, 该空腔的两端敞开。 该壁面 11由单丝编织而成, 单丝之间具有既定的孔洞间隙, 因 此, 该壁面 11具有一定的弹性, 可以进行适度的压缩和扩张。
可以通过在编织时调节假体两端的单丝的回弯顶点 15的数量来改变假体 10的单丝用 量, 特别是可以用来改变相同直径和长度的假体 10的单丝用量。 回弯顶点 15越多, 单丝 用量越多, 所形成的壁面 11的单丝密度越大, 假体 10的支撑力越大。 同时, 单丝交叉点 16的数目也会随着编织密度的改变而改变。
编织成型后的假体 10的壁面 11的外表面上的某点,沿外表面轮廓作垂直于假体轴向 的外圆, 该圆初始周长 L0, 被压缩后周长为 Ll, 压缩后无束缚状态释放后恢复周长为 L2。其中, 初始周长 L0是指编织成型完的假体 10在无外力作用下的初始状态时的周长。 压缩后周长 L1是指利用外力压缩该初始状态的假体 10后, 假体在压缩状态下的周长。 释放后周长 L2是指撤去外力后使压缩状态的假体 10释放后, 假体在无束缚释放状态下 的周长。 压缩扩张比定义为 L2与 L0的比值, 用百分比表示。
本实施例中, 该壁面 11的两端部分 12、 13具有径向向外逐渐延伸的定位部, 即该壁 面的两端部分 12、 13的径向长度大于中间部分 14的径向长度。 此类设计的假体 10的不 同部位可能会具有不同压缩扩张比,可以以轴向单位长度上各点压缩扩张比的平均值来表 示假体 10的整体压缩扩张比, 压缩扩张比值越趋近于 100%时, 假体的回弹性越好。 反 之回弹越差, 自膨胀性能越差。
假体编织时,单丝的回弯顶点 15的数量和单丝沿壁面 11环绕完假体一端至另一端所 需的圈数 (即环绕时的螺旋升角) 是假体 10成型后性能的决定性因素。
如图 1A所示, 17为假体 10的轴向轴心线, 在三维视图中可以视为 X轴; 18是过假 体中心垂直于轴向轴心线 17的轴线, 在三维视图中可以视为 Y轴; 19为过假体中心 (X 轴与 Y轴交点, 即, 原点) 同时垂直于 X轴 17和 Y轴 18的轴线, 在三维视图中可以视 为 Z轴。 所谓的螺旋升角, δΡ, 编织时单丝与 YZ平面所形成的锐角夹角。 图 1B所示是 显示该类假体编织完成后,其中一段单丝 10a在三维坐标系中的位置图,螺旋升角即为单 丝 10a与 YZ平面 10b的锐角夹角。 同一假体中, 编织所形成的螺旋升角可以是固定的, 也可以是多变的。
在实际应用中通常要调整回弯顶点 15的数量和环绕时的螺旋升角来平衡假体在植入 前可以被压缩的尺寸和植入后的支撑状况。 回弯顶点 15数量越少, 编织密度越低, 交叉 点 16的数量越少, 单丝交叉后相互束缚越小, 在植入前假体的被压缩后的径向尺寸就越 小, 植入过程中就越容易被输送至病变部位; 植入后假体的支撑力也会越低。单丝沿轮廓 环绕完假体一端至另一端所需的圈数越多, 即, 环绕时的螺旋升角越小, 交叉点 16的数 量也会越多, 假体更难被压缩至小的径向尺寸, 植入过程中就越难被输送至病变部位; 植 入后假体的支撑力也会越高。编织时,螺旋升角的大小同时还会影响假体被压缩时的轴向 伸长量和释放后假体的轴向短缩值, 这些指标也会影响假体的加工和使用性能。 假体可以仅使用一根或一股连续的单丝来回缠绕编织而成,也可以使用多根或多股单 丝相互缠绕编织而成。根据不同的编织模具设计, 沿着轴向方向, 可以将假体的某段编织 为与其他部位具有不同的花型, 而其他部位采用同种花型编织。
应该理解, 本实施例中, 定位部的形状、 位置可以根据需要进行调整。 假体 10的径 向长度沿着整个轴向延伸方向可以是变化的,例如从中间部分向着两端逐渐增大,或者在 末端突然增大。例如假体的两端的形状为直径稍大的 *铃型或双锥体型。假体也可设计成 两端圆球, 中间通过直筒连接。 该假体 10示出为自膨胀型假体系统, 在使用前被压缩成 具有较小的外形尺寸轮廓, 藏在导管鞘内, 释放时由导管鞘内推出, 膨胀到原始尺寸, 卡 在病变部位。
为了在病变部位获得更好的夹持效果, 使假体与被支撑组织(病变部位)贴合地更紧 密, 也可以事先将假体捆绑在球囊输送系统上, 在自膨胀扩张时, 同时采用球囊扩张的方 式辅助假体赋型, 使假体的贴壁效果更好。也可以在使用压握式输送导管释放假体后, 再 送入球囊对扩张后的假体再支撑,以加强假体的支撑及贴壁效果。如果使用球囊辅助扩张, 所使用的球囊可以为顺应性球囊或半顺应性球囊,球囊外形可以是常规圆柱形或根据假体 形状特殊设计的异型球囊, 如 *铃型或双锥形球囊。
由于鼻腔通道与血管管腔通道不同,不是闭合的圆腔,也不存在血压等条件可以将植 入假体束缚在相对稳定的位置, 因此, 直筒状的可降解假体在植入后, 存在发生位移的可 能。 因此, 两头粗大中间细小的假体能被组织卡在鼻腔内, 具有更好的鼻腔适应性。 由于 假体的两端具有径向向外突伸出的定位部,将该假体置于鼻腔内时,该定位部可以将假体 "卡"在上颌窦口或额窦口或病变部位,确保植入后假体位置不会因为运动等外因导致假体 脱位。假体的中间部分起到决定性的支撑作用,假体的两个大头在起辅助支撑作用的同时, 主要起到位置限定作用。当假体释放时可以涨大中间部分,促使发炎组织或鼻窦体和息肉 鼻窦口软骨向外伸展或形变,形成畅通的引流通道,如果采用球囊辅助释放可以加强这种 效果。
图 7示出了根据本发明的该实施例的假体在其中一个上颌窦口释放后的效果示意图。 假体 10被释放在上颌窦 72的其中一个窦口, 被赋型(自膨胀或利用球囊扩张)后扩大了 窦口的孔径。 另外, 71示出了额窦, 该假体 10同样可以释放至额窦 71的窦口。 除了能 够很好地固定假体 10的位置外, 此类设计同样能增加假体 10外表面与组织的接触面积, 如果假体 10的外表面上具有药物涂层, 则可增加假体表面药物与病变组织的接触机会, 提高药物传递和治疗效果。
为了获得更好的药物释放和治疗效果,本实施例中,假体 10的壁面 11的单丝之间的 间隙内穿插有含有药物的可降解纤维丝束 80,该纤维丝束 80在间隙之间的穿插方式在附 图中并没有示出, 因为该穿插方式是多种多样的。例如, 纤维丝束沿轴向依次穿过单丝间 的空隙,或者纤维丝束沿周向依次穿过单丝间的空隙,或者纤维丝束无规律地任意挂在假 体壁面的空隙中, 从而形成从假体延伸的"触手"。 纤维丝束包括至少一根连续的纤维, 单 纤维丝束内, 每根纤维长度可以相等, 也可以不相等。该纤维丝束内或纤维丝束的表面可 含有治疗用的有效药物。 在本发明中, 该纤维丝束并不需要牢固缠绕在假体 10上, 只需 具有一定的强度即可, 保障在植入手术时不脱落。
如图 8所示, 在假体 10植入上颌窦 72窦口后, 其上挂载的纤维丝束 80散落在假体 10两侧 (即窦口两侧)。 该带药的可降解纤维丝束 80像许多触手, 将药物带至假体 10不 能直接触及的上颌窦 72腔体和鼻道内。散落在假体 10两侧的带药丝束 80扩大了假体 10 的治疗影响区域, 大大增强了治疗效果。
图 9是图 8的局部放大示意图, 其中, 91示出了上颌窦 72的窦口组织。 优选的, 纤 维丝束 80在随假体 10植入后或者在假体 10降解后, 纤维丝束 80可以从假体 10上全部 或部分脱落,脱落在鼻窦腔体内的纤维束 80可以形成纤维团 90或维持纤维丝束状,脱落 在另一侧的纤维丝束会随着气流或黏液运动交流至其他不宜植入假体的病变部位进行治 疗。
当处于压缩状态时, 该假体 10示出为圆柱形, 各点径向长度 (直径) 基本一致, 介 于 0.5-10 mm之间, 优选为 2mm至 5mm之间; 因压缩状态时径向长度缩小, 假体相应的 轴向长度会伸长,伸长率与假体的图形结构及束缚大小有关, 即此时轴向长度根据实际应 用发生变化; 当处于无束缚释放状态时, 该假体 10的中间部分 14的径向长度示例为 2 mm~30 mm,假体 11的两端部分 12、13的径向长度比中间部分 14的径向长度大 2 mm~30 mm, 该假体 10的轴向长度示例为 2 mm~60 mm。
实施例 2
如图 2所示,根据本发明的另一个优选实施例的用于治疗鼻窦炎或过敏性鼻炎的假体 系统是筒状的由单丝编织而成的假体 20, 该单丝由可降解聚合物构成。该假体 20具有周 向延伸的壁面 21, 该壁面 21在周向上是封闭的, 即由该壁面 21界定一个周向封闭的空 腔, 该空腔的两端(两头)敞开, 即该假体 20形成为筒状结构。 该壁面 21是由单丝编织 而成, 单丝与单丝之间具有既定的空隙, 因此, 该壁面 21具有一定的弹性, 可以进行适 度的压缩和扩张。 与前述实施例相同, 可以通过在编织时调节假体 20的头端回弯顶点 22 的数目和单丝环绕时的螺旋升角来平衡假体性能,如植入前的可加工性、植入时的可输送 性以及植入后的治疗效果等。 回弯顶点 22数目越多, 假体单丝交点 23的数目越多, 压握 时受束缚越大,植入前将假体加工至小外径的难度越大,植入时通过性(可输送性)越差, 但是植入后的支撑力会越大。 环绕时的螺旋升角越大, 编织越稀疏, 假体单丝交点 23的 数目就越少, 压握时受束缚越小, 植入前将假体加工至小外径的难度越小, 植入时通过性 (可输送性) 越好, 但是植入后的支撑力也会越小。
假体可以仅使用一根或一股连续的单丝来回缠绕编织而成,也可以使用多根或多股单 丝相互缠绕编织而成。根据不同的编织模具设计,可以将假体轴向上某段编织为与其他部 位不同的花型, 而其他部位采用同种花型编织, 以获得不同部位不同的性能和效果。这种 单个假体存在不同种编织方法的有益效果是,在自膨胀结束后,如果采用异型球囊系统进 行辅助,很容易将假体上不同部位的直径赋予不同值,使假体更适合植入部位的组织形状。 例如, 将假体两端编织成更容易被扩大的花型, 虽然编织成型后的假体呈圆柱状, 轴向上 直径是一致的,但通过球囊辅助释放将可以很容易使假体赋型成两头大的外形,从而形成 为可以 "卡"在植入部位进行固定的假体。 在本实施例中,假体 20的壁面 21的单丝之间的空隙内同样穿插有含有药物的可降解 纤维丝束, 纤维丝束沿轴向或垂直轴向 (周向)或无规律地形成挂在假体上的"触手"。 假 体 20的其他没有详细描述的特征与实施例 1相同, 在此不再赘述。
该假体 20示出为自膨胀型假体系统。 当处于非膨胀状态(压缩状态) 时, 该假体 20 示出为圆柱形, 直径优选为 0.5-10mm; 当处于膨胀状态 (无束缚释放状态) 时, 该假体 20的外径为 2 mm~30 mm, 轴向长度为 2 mm~60 mm。
实施例 3
如图 3A和 3B所示, 根据本发明的又一个优选实施例的用于治疗鼻窦炎或过敏性鼻 炎的假体系统包括基于筒状基础体 30, 该基础体 30的壁面 31上通过激光切割形成有空 隙 32。 该假体系统还包括扩口头端, 该扩口头端由单丝穿过空隙 32在基础体 30的两头 轴向向外编织而成。
图 3A示出了由空心管材激光切割而成的等直径基础体 30, 该等直径基础体 30具有 周向延伸的壁面 31, 该壁面 31在周向上是封闭的, 即由该壁面 31界定一个周向封闭的 空腔, 该空腔的两端敞开, 即该等直径基础体 30形成为筒状结构。该壁面 31是由可降解 聚合物构成的平板状结构, 然后通过激光切割使得壁面 31上具有各种形状或间隔的空隙 32。可降解聚合物形成的单丝穿插于空隙 32内,在该等直径基础体 30的两头进行扩口编 织, 形成两头大的定位部, 如图 3B所示。
图 3B示出了本实施例的分段式假体 30a, 假体中间部位为激光切割而成的基础体 30 (参见图 3A), 两端为由单丝编织而成的扩口头端 34a、 35a。 该扩口头端的编织用单丝 之间具有既定的间隙 32a。 由于基础体 30具有空隙 32, 扩口头端 34a、 35a具有间隙 32a, 该分段式假体 30a的壁面 31a具有一定的弹性,可以进行适度的压缩和扩张。该扩口头端 34a, 35a形成为径向向外逐渐延伸的定位部, SP, 该扩口头端 34a、 35a的径向长度大于 中间基础体 30的径向长度。
编织用单丝可以作为连接体只存在于基础体 30两端的空隙 32内,也可以遍布整个基 础体 30, 即在基础体内部(内壁)或外部(外壁)含有编织用单丝 33a。 如果基础体内部 存在编织用单丝 33a, 基础体与编织部分一体性会更好。
在图 3B的实施例中, 假体 30a的壁面 31a的间隙 32、 32a之间的孔洞内同样穿插有 含有药物的可降解纤维丝束, 丝束沿轴向或垂直轴向(周向)或无规律地形成挂在假体上 的"触手"。 假体 30a的其他没有详细描述的特征与实施例 1相同, 在此不再赘述。
如图 3C所示, 基础体 30上除了切割空隙 32外, 基础体上还存在穿插预留孔 36。 穿 插预留孔 36内穿插有用于定型的可降解聚合物形成的支撑筋 33b, 支撑筋 33b比编织用 单丝 37直径要粗很多。 组合编织前, 支撑筋 33b预先穿入穿插预留孔 36, 然后将突出基 础体两端的支撑筋 33b通过热定型等手段赋型成喇叭状。单丝 37从基础体 30两端开始编 织, 并附着于支撑筋 36上, 单丝 37与支撑筋 36之间存在间隙 32b。 这样的设计可以使 组合性假体整体 30b的均一性和牢固度更好。
在图 3C的实施例中, 假体 30b的壁面 31b的间隙 32、 32b内同样穿插有含有药物的 可降解纤维丝束, 纤维丝束沿轴向或垂直轴向 (周向) 或无规律地形成挂在假体上的"触 手"。 假体 30b的其他没有详细描述的特征与实施例 1相同, 在此不再赘述。 该假体 30a、 30b示出为自膨胀型假体系统。 当处于非膨胀状态时, 该假体 30示出为 圆柱形,直径优选为 0.5-10 mm;当处于膨胀状态时,该假体 30的径向长度示例为 2 mm~30 mm, 轴向长度为 2mm-60 mm。
实施例 4
如图 4所示,根据本发明的又一个优选实施例的用于治疗鼻窦炎或过敏性鼻炎的假体 系统是筒状的假体 40。该假体 40具有周向延伸的壁面 41,该壁面 41在周向上是封闭的, 即由该壁面 41界定一个周向封闭的空腔,该空腔的两端敞开, 即该假体 40形成为筒状结 构。 该壁面 41是由可降解聚合物构成的平板状结构, 然后通过激光切割部分壁面并使得 该部分壁面形成径向向外突伸出的凸起 42, 壁面上相应地形成间隙 43。 在本实施例中, 示出为在壁面 41上利用激光切割三角形的两条边, 将三角形人为沿未切割边翻起而成。 该壁面 41由于纤维的韧性和间隙 43可以在外力的作用下进行压缩和扩张。应该理解,该 凸起 42和相应的间隙 43的形状、 位置可以根据需要进行调整。 该假体 40示出为自膨胀 型假体系统。 当处于非膨胀状态时, 该假体 40示出为圆柱形, 直径优选为 0.5-10mm; 当 处于膨胀状态时, 该假体 40的径向长度示例为 2 mm~30 mm, 轴向长度为 2 mm-60 mm。 当假体被压握时, 凸起受力屈服于假体表面。假体释放时, 凸起受到球囊支撑被外推, 高 出假体外表面,形成"剌",该类假体至少包含一个"剌"状物, "剌"状物剌入鼻腔表面皮层, 起到悬挂固定作用。 "剌"状物可以仅设计在假体的中间位置, 当使用球形或椭球形球囊撑 开该类假体时, 撑开时假体中部位置直径要大于两端直径, 使"剌"状物更容易伸展开。
在本实施例中, 假体 40的壁面 41的间隙 43内同样穿插有含有药物的可降解纤维丝 束, 纤维丝束沿轴向或垂直轴向 (周向) 或无规律地形成挂在假体上的"触手"。 假体 40 的其他没有详细描述的特征与实施例 1相同, 在此不再赘述。
实施例 5
如图 5A和 5B所示, 根据本发明的又一个优选实施例的用于治疗鼻窦炎或过敏性鼻 炎的假体系统是筒状的假体 50a。如图 5B所示, 该假体 50a具有周向延伸的壁面 51a, 该 壁面 51a在周向上是封闭的, 即由该壁面 51a界定一个周向封闭的空腔, 该空腔的两端敞 开, 即该假体 51a形成为筒状结构。 如图 5A和 5B所示, 该假体壁面 51a首先由可降解 聚合物构成的管状基础体 50, 然后通过激光切割等工艺使得基础体 50的壁面 51上形成 各种形状或间隔的空隙 55, 从而使得壁面 51可以在外力的作用下进行压缩和扩张。该壁 面 51a的两端 52a、 53a具有径向向外逐渐延伸的定位部, 即该壁面的两端 52a、 53a的径 向长度大于中间部分 54a的径向长度。在本实施例中, 该假体 50a的两端具有喇叭状的开 口。 应该理解, 该定位部的形状、 位置可以根据需要进行调整。 该假体 50a示出为自膨胀 型假体系统。 当处于非膨胀状态时, 该假体 50a示出为圆柱形, 直径优选为 0.5-10mm; 当处于膨胀状态时, 该假体 50a的中间部分 54a的径向长度示例为 2 mm~30 mm, 假体 50a的两端部分 52a、 53a的径向长度比中间部分 54a的径向长度大 2 mm~30 mm,该假体 50a的轴向长度示例为 2 mm-60 mm。 在假体的形成过程中, 可以用喇叭状球囊压握假体 释放, 得到两头喇叭状的假体; 也可以采用等直径的管材切割假体, 然后有意把两端 1/5-1/3 的长度设计成稍大直径, 中间设计成小直径。 然后, 用喇叭状球囊压握释放, 亦 能得到两头喇叭状假体;也可以用可降解材料制作可降解无纺布或编织平面网,然后通过 焊接或缝制方式将无纺布或编织网塑形成直筒或喇叭口假体。应该理解,该假体可以采用 压膜、 浇铸、 编织、 缠绕、 激光切割等一种或多种加工方式获得。
在本实施例中, 假体 50a的壁面 51a的空隙 55内同样穿插有含有药物的可降解纤维 丝束, 纤维丝束沿轴向或垂直轴向 (周向) 或无规律地形成挂在假体上的"触手"。 假体 50a的其他没有详细描述的特征与实施例 1相同, 在此不再赘述。
实施例 6
如图 6所示,根据本发明的又一个优选实施例的用于治疗鼻窦炎或过敏性鼻炎的假体 系统是假体 60。 该假体 60具有周向延伸的壁面 61, 该壁面 61在周向上是非封闭的, 示 出为 C型, 该壁面 61的圆弧部分占整个圆周的角度为 60~360度。 该壁面 61首先由可降 解聚合物构成的平板状结构,然后通过激光切割工艺而在壁面上形成均勾分布(当然也可 以是非均勾的) 的小孔 62, 可降解的纤维 63在所述小孔中穿插贯穿。 在本实施例中, 该 壁面 61可通过片状基体的卷曲而形成, 其中, 该片状基体可预先进行切割操作以形成该 小孔 62, 也可以在该片状基体卷曲完成之后进行切割操作以形成该小孔 62。 该壁面 61 由于聚合物平板的韧性和小孔 62可以在外力的作用下进行压缩和扩张。 另一方面, 由于 壁面 61在周向上是非封闭的, 壁面 61的张力使得假体 60的压缩性能和扩张性能更为灵 活。 假体被压缩 (压握) 时, 可以将避免 61进行卷曲, 然后由可降解纤维 63进行捆绑, 限制假体在一个相当小的直径范围。应该理解, 该小孔 62和纤维 63的形状、位置可以根 据需要进行调整。 该假体 60示出为自膨胀型假体系统, 在释放前束缚在导管鞘内, 手术 时经由医生由导管内推出, 假体膨胀打开, 起到支撑作用; 也可以将假体捆绑在球囊上, 借由球囊撑开在病变部位。 当处于非膨胀状态时, 该假体 60示出为圆柱形, 直径优选为 0.5-10 mm; 当处于膨胀状态时, 该假体 60的径向长度示例为 2 mm~30 mm, 轴向长度为 2mm-60 mm。 在加工时, 该假体通过收紧聚合物纤维并卷起薄板来将支撑物直径缩小, 最后用穿插的纤维捆绑并固定假体于输送系统上,在植入后释放假体自然撑开。该类薄板 支撑物特点是支撑力比强,植入后对组织的贴壁效果好, 即使不采用两头大的设计也可以 较牢固停留在病变植入处。当然, 穿插的纤维可以增加支撑物与病变部位组织之间的摩擦 力, 也会对固定位置起正面作用。
在本实施例中, 假体 60的壁面 61的小孔 62内同样穿插有含有药物的可降解纤维丝 束, 丝束沿轴向或垂直轴向 (周向) 或无规律地形成挂在假体上的"触手"。 假体 60的其 他没有详细描述的特征与实施例 1相同, 在此不再赘述。 当然, 也可以使可降解纤维 63 本身带药, 以达到增强的效果。
本申请所述的用于治疗鼻窦炎的假体系统的可降解的假体基体的材料包括但不仅限 于以下聚合物:聚乳酸(polylactic acid, PLA)、 L-聚乳酸(polylactic acid, PLLA或 LPLA)、 聚羟基乙酸 /聚乳酸共聚物 ( polyglycolic acid/polylactic acid, PGLA )、 聚己内酯 (polycaprolactone, PCL) 聚羟基丁酸戊酯 (polyhydroxylbutyrate valerate, PHBV) 聚乙 酰谷氨酸 (polyacetylglutamicacid, PAGA)、 聚正酯 (polyorthoesters, POE) 和聚氧化乙烯 /聚丁烯共聚物 (polyethylene oxide/polybutylene terephthalate, PEO/PBTP ) 、 聚对二氧环 己酮 (poly-p-dioxanone, PPDO ) , 及上述材料的共聚物或共混物。
本申请所述的用于治疗鼻窦炎的假体系统外表面具有涂层, 所述涂层为可降解聚合 物,涂层的材料可以使用上述假体基体材料中的低分子量聚合物或混合物。优选的涂层材 料是假体基体材料的低分子量聚合物或其同系物的低分子量聚合物,这样可以保障涂层与 假体基体具有良好的相容性。
本申请所述的用于治疗鼻窦炎的假体系统,可以为裸假体或根据需要在该涂层中含有 药物从而形成药物涂层, 该药物涂层可采用超声喷涂、人工刷涂、浸泡或机械点胶等方式 形成。
该药物涂层中的药物可以是特定的诊断试剂,该试剂包含诸如碘酒或碘酒衍生物的不 透射线物质, 例如, 碘苯六醇和碘帕醇。也可以是其他诸如放射性同位素等可以追踪到辐 射的诊断试剂。 可利用核磁共振成像(MRI)追踪到的试剂通常为顺磁性试剂, 包括但不 仅限于, 钆螯合物。可以被超声探测的试剂的例子但不限制于全氟己烷。荧光助剂包括但 不仅限于吲哚菁绿。可用于正电子发射断层成像术(Positron Emission Tomography, PET ) 诊断的试剂, 包括但不仅限于, 氟脱氧葡萄糖、 氟化钠、 蛋氨酸、 胆碱、 脱氧葡萄糖、 正 丁醇、 雷氯必利、 螺哌隆、 溴螺哌隆 (bromospiperone)、 卡芬太尼、 氟马西尼。
该药物涂层中的药物可以选用但不仅限于以下所列药物:长效类固醇激素、抗炎药物、 抗变态反应药、 副交感神经阻滞药、 抗组胺类药、 抗感染药、 抗血小板药、 抗凝药、 抗血 栓药、 抗疤痕药、 抗增生药、 化疗药、 抗肿瘤药、 解充血剂、 愈合促进剂、 维他命 (如: 视黄酸、 维生素 A、 维生素 B, 及其衍生品)、 免疫调变剂、 免疫抑制药, 以及上述药剂 的组合物或混合物。
抗感染药剂通常包括抗菌剂、 抗真菌剂、 抗寄生虫药、 抗病毒剂、 防腐剂。 抗炎药剂 通常包括类固醇或非类固醇抗炎药。
可以用于本申请的假体的抗过敏药剂包括但不仅限于: 吡嘧司特钾 (ALAMAST®, Santen, Inc. ) , 及其任何药物前体、 代谢物、 衍生物、 同系物、 同类物、 派生物、 盐, 及 他们的组合物。 抗恶性细胞增生的药剂包括但不仅限于, 放线菌素 D、 放线菌素 IV、 放 线菌素 II、 放线菌素 XI、 放线菌素 Cl、 更生霉素 (COSMEGEN®, Merck & Co., Inc. )。 抗血小板药、抗凝血剂、抗纤维蛋白和抗凝血酶包括但不仅限于,肝素钠、低分子量肝素、 类肝素、 水蛭素、 阿加曲班、 福斯高林、 伐哌前列素、 环前列素、 类环前列素、 葡聚糖、 D-苯丙氨酸 -脯氨酸-精氨酸-氯甲酮盐酸盐(化学合成抗凝血酶)、 双嘧达莫、 糖蛋白 li b I III a血小板膜受体拮抗剂抗体、重组水蛭素、凝血酶抑制剂(ANGIOMAX®, Biogen, Inc. ) , 以及任何药前体、 代谢物、 衍生物、 同系物、 同类物、 派生物、 盐及他们的组合物。
可以用于本申请的假体的细胞抑制剂和抗细胞增生包括但不仅限于:血管肽素;血管 紧张素转换酶抑制剂, 如卡托普利(CAPOTEN®, CAPOZIDE®, Bristol-Myers Squibb Co. )、 西拉普利、 赖诺普利 (PRINIVIL®, PRINZIDE®, Merck & Co., Inc. ) ; 钙通道阻滞剂, 如硝 苯地平、 秋水仙碱; 成纤维细胞生长因子 (FGF ) 拮抗剂、 鱼肝油 (ω-3 脂肪酸); 组胺 拮抗剂; 洛伐他丁 (MEVACOR®, Merck & Co., Inc. ) ; 单克隆抗体, 包括但不仅限于, 血 小板衍生生长因子 (PDGF) 受体特异性抗体; 硝普钠; 磷酸二酯酶抑制剂; 前列腺素抑 制剂;苏拉明;血清素阻断剂;类固醇;硫代蛋白酶抑制剂;血小板衍生生长因子(PDGF) 拮抗剂, 包括但不仅限于, 三唑并嘧啶; 氧化一氮; 及其任何药物前体、代谢物、衍生物、 同系物、 同类物、 派生物、 盐, 及他们的组合物。
可以用于本申请的假体的抗菌药剂包括但不仅限于: 氨基糖苷类、酰胺醇类、安沙霉 素类、 β-内酰胺类抗生素, 例如青霉素类、 林可霉素类、 大环内酯类、 硝基呋喃类、 喹诺 酮类类、磺酰胺类、 砜类、 四环素类、 万古霉素类, 以及他们的衍生物和组合物。 可以用 于本申请的假体的青霉素类药剂包括但不仅限于: 氮脒青霉素、氮卓脒青霉素双酯、阿莫 西林、氨苄青霉素、 阿扑西林、叠氮西林、 巴氨西林、苄基青霉酸、青霉素钠、羧苄西林、 卡茚西林、氯甲西林、氯唑西林、环己西林、双氯西林、依匹西林、芬贝西林、氟氯西林、 海他西林、 仑氨西林、 美坦西林、 甲氧苄青霉素钠、 美洛西林、 萘夫西林钠、 苯唑西林、 培那西林、 喷沙西林氢碘酸盐、 苯明青霉素、 苄星青霉素 G、 青霉素 G二苯甲胺盐、 青 霉素 G钙、 海巴明青霉素 G、 青霉素 G钾、 普鲁卡因青霉素 G 、 青霉素 N、 青霉素 0、 青霉素 V、 苄星青霉素 V、 海巴明青霉素 V、 青哌环素、 苯氧乙基青霉素钾、 哌拉西林、 匹氨西林、丙匹西林、喹那西林、磺苄西林、舒他西林、酞氨西林、替莫西林、替卡西林。
可以用于本申请的假体的抗真菌药剂包括但不仅限于: 烯丙胺类、 咪唑类、 多烯类、 硫化氨基甲酸酯类、 三唑类, 及其衍生药剂。 抗寄生虫药包括但不仅限于, 阿托伐醌、 克 林霉素、 氨苯砜、 双电喹啉、 甲硝唑、 戊烷脒、 伯氨喹、 乙胺嘧啶、 磺胺嘧啶、 甲氧苄啶 /磺胺甲恶唑、 三甲曲沙、 及其混合物。
可以用于本申请的假体的抗病毒药剂包括但不仅限于: 阿昔洛韦、泛昔洛韦、发昔洛 韦、 依度尿苷、 更昔洛韦、 膦甲酸、 西多福韦、 福米韦生、 HPMPA ( 9- (3-羟基 -2-磷酸 甲氧基丙基) -腺嘌吟)、 PMEA ( 9- (2-磷酸甲氧基丙基) -腺嘌吟)、 HPMPG ( 9- (3- 羟基 -2-磷酸甲氧基丙基) -鸟嘌吟)、 PMEG (9-[2-磷酸甲氧基丙基]鸟嘌吟),HPMPC ( 1- (2-磷酸甲氧基 -3-羟丙基) -胞嘧啶)、 利巴韦林、 EICAR (5-乙炔基 -Ι-β-D-呋喃核糖基 -1H-咪唑 -4-甲酰胺)、 吡唑呋喃菌素 (3-[β-ϋ-呋喃核糖] -4-羟基吡唑 -5-甲酰胺)、 3-地查 枸林、 GR-92938X ( Ι-β-D-呋喃核糖基 -1Η-吡唑 -3,4-二甲酰胺)、 LY253963 ( 1,3,4-噻二唑 -2-基-氰胺)、 RD3-0028 ( 1,4-二氢 -2,3-苄基二硫)、 CL387626 (4,4'-二 [4,6-d][3-氨基苯 -Ν,Ν- 二( 2-氨基甲酰乙基) -磺酸酰亚胺 ]- 1 ,3,5-三嗉 -2-基氨基 -联苯 -2-,2'-二磺酸钠)、 ΒΑΒΙΜ (二 [5-脒基 -2-苯并咪唑 -1]-甲烷) ΝΙΗ351、 及其混合物。
可以用于本申请的假体的消毒防腐药剂包括但不仅限于: 酒精、洗必泰、碘酒、三氯 生、 六氯酚、 及银基试剂: 如氯化银、 氧化银、 纳米银颗粒。
抗炎类药剂包括类固醇类和非类固醇类抗炎药剂。适用的类固醇类抗炎药物包括但不 仅限于, 21-乙酰氧孕烯醇酮、 阿氯米松、 阿尔孕酮、 安西奈德、 倍氯米松、 倍他米松、 布地奈德、 氯泼尼松、 氯倍他索、 氯倍他松、 氯可托龙、 氯泼尼醇、 皮质酮、 可的松、 可 的伐唑、 地夫可特、 地索奈德、 去羟米松、 地塞米松、 二氟拉松、 二氟可龙、 二氟孕甾丁 酯、 甘草次酸、 氟扎可特、 氟氯奈德、 氟米松、 福尼缩松、 肤轻松、 醋酸肤轻松、 福可定 丁酯、 氟可龙、 氟米龙、 醋酸氟培龙、 醋酸氟泼尼定、 福泼尼龙、 氟氢缩松、 丙酸氟替卡 松、 醛基缩松、 哈西奈德、 卤倍他索丙酸酯、 卤米松、 醋酸卤泼尼松、 氢可他酯、 氢化可 的松、依碳氯替泼诺、 甲哌地强龙、 甲羟松、 甲泼尼松、 甲基强的松龙、莫美他松糠酸酯、 帕拉米松、 泼尼卡酯、 泼尼松龙、 25-二乙胺基醋酸泼尼松龙、 泼尼松龙磷酸钠、 强的松、 泼尼松龙戊酸酯、 波尼立定、 利美索龙、 替可的松、 曲安西龙、 曲安奈德、 苯曲安缩松、 氟羟氢化泼尼松、 己曲安缩松, 及其衍生物和组合物。
非类固醇类抗炎药剂包括但不仅限于, 环氧酶(cox)抑制剂。 这类环氧酶(cox)抑 制剂可能包括 COX-1或 COX非特异性抑制剂, 例如, 水杨酸衍生物、 阿司匹林、 水杨 酸钠、 三水杨酸胆碱镁、 双水杨酯、 二氟尼柳、 柳氮磺胺吡啶、 奥沙拉秦; 对氨基苯酚衍 生物, 例如, 对乙酰氨基酚; 吲哚和茚乙酸, 例如, 吲哚美辛和舒林酸; 异芳基乙酸类, 例如, 甲苯酰吡啶乙酸、 双氯芬酸、 酮咯酸; 芳基丙酸类, 例如, 布洛芬、 萘普生、 氟比 洛芬、 酮基布洛芬、 菲诺洛芬、 奥沙普秦; 邻氨基苯甲酸类 (芬那酸), 例如, 甲芬那酸、 美洛昔康; 烯醇酸类, 例如, 昔康类(吡罗昔康、 美洛昔康); 醛酮类, 例如, 萘丁美酮。 COX抑制剂可能还包括选择性环氧合酶 COX2, 例如, 二芳基取代呋喃酮类, 罗非昔布; 二芳基取代吡唑类, 塞来昔布; 吲哚乙酸类, 如, 依托度酸; 磺酰胺类, 如, 尼美舒利。
可以用于本申请的假体的化疗和抗肿瘤药剂包括但不仅限于: 抗癌药剂(如, 肿瘤化 疗药、 生物效应调节剂、 血管形成抑制剂、 激素受体阻断剂、 低温治疗试剂、 以及其他可 以破坏或抑制肿瘤生成及生长的药剂), 例如, 烷化剂或其他能够通过 DNA攻击直接杀 死癌细胞的药剂 (如, 环磷酸胺、 异环磷酸胺)、 亚硝基脲或其他通过抑制细胞 DNA修 复杀死癌细胞的药剂 (如, 卡莫司汀 (BCNU)、 洛莫司汀 (CCNU) )、 抗代谢物或其他 通过干扰特定细胞功能阻止癌细胞生长的药剂, 通常为 DNA合成 (如, 6-硫基嘌吟、 5 氟二氧吡啶 (5FU)、 抗肿瘤抗生素和其他可以约束或设置 DNA并进一度阻止 DNA合成 的化合物 (如, 阿霉素、 道诺霉素、 表柔比星、 伊达比星、 丝裂霉素 -C、 争光霉素)、 植 物(长春花)生物碱 和其他由植物提取的抗肿瘤试剂(如, 长春新碱、 长春花碱)、 类固 醇激素、激素抑制剂、激素受体拮抗剂和其他会影响荷尔蒙反应癌症生长的药剂(如, 三 苯氧胺、 赫赛汀、 芳香化酶抑制剂, 如, 氨基异眠能和福美司坦、 三唑抑制剂, 如, 来曲 唑和阿那曲唑、 固醇类抑制剂, 如, 依西美坦)、 抑制血管形成蛋白、 小分子、 基因疗法 和 (或) 其他可以抑制肿瘤血管新生或血管形成的药剂 (如, meth-l、 meth-2、 萨力多 胺)、 贝伐单抗(阿瓦斯丁)、 鱼鲨胺、 内皮抑制素、 血管抑素、 Angi0Zyme、 AE-941 (癌 立消)、 CC-5013 (Revimid, 一种沙利度胺衍生物)、 medi-522 (Vitaxin) 2-甲氧基雌 二醇(2ME2, Panzem)、羧胺三唑(CAI)、康普瑞丁 A4药前体(CA4P)、 SU6668、 SU11248、 BMS-27529K COL-3、 EMD 121974、 IMC-lCll, IM862、 TNP-470 塞来昔布 (西乐葆 Celebrex ) 罗非昔布(伟克适 Vioxx)、 干扰素 α、 白介素 12 (IL-12)或任何在 Science Vol. 289, 1197-1201页 (Aug. 17, 2000) 经鉴定的化合物, 这些化合物均通过引用合并于 此。 生物效应调节试剂 (如, 干扰素、 卡介菌 (BCG)、 单克隆抗体、 白介素 2、 粒细胞 集落剌激因子 (GCSF)等)、 PGDF受体拮抗剂、 赫赛汀、 天冬酰胺酶、 白消安、 卡铂、 顺铂、 卡莫司汀、 苯丁酸氮芥、 阿糖胞苷、 达卡巴嗉、 依托泊苷、 氟酮磺隆、 氟尿嘧啶、 吉西他滨、 羟基脲、 异环磷酰胺、 伊立替康、 环己亚硝脲、 美法仑、 巯嘌吟、 甲氨蝶吟、 硫鸟嘌吟、塞替派、雷替曲塞、拓扑替康、 曲丁磺酯、长春花碱、长春新碱、 mitoazitrone 奥沙利铂、 甲基苄肼、 链球菌素、 紫杉醇、 多西他赛、 咪唑硫嘌吟、 多西他赛衍生物同系 物, 这些化合物的派生物及其组合物。
本发明的假体系统被植入鼻腔后,假体表面涂层里的药物可以不断释放,来治疗周围 病变部位, 从而达到缓释的作用。上述各类药物的缓释的量与需要的剂量有关。每种药物 应该在保障病人健康、 安全和有效的剂量下进行缓释, 并使病人获得到健康、安全、有效 剂量。在某些情况下, 例如, 为了调节一种或多种鼻腔病变, 假体上可以包含药物糠酸莫 米松, 释放剂量为每天不多于 60μ§
假体上的药物可以以恒定的速率进行释放, 也可以不以恒定速率释放。事实上, 假体 上的药物可以被赋予任何合适的释放速率。假体可以包含多层药物层,每层都被赋予不同 的特定释放速率。类似地,将药物微粒分散在聚合物单丝内也可以赋予假体在药物释放过 程中表现出每层以特定速率释放的效果。此外, 如下所述, 为了得到不同的释放速率可以 采取储药方式。 这些实现方式或他们的组合实现方式, 可以赋予假体多样性的释放速率, 或者除了假体正常释放外还能提供瞬时或延时的暴释效果。可以使用一种或多种释放速率 调节剂来达到目的。所适用的调节剂可以为任何合适的生物相容性材料,这类材料用于调 节药物在假体上的释放速率。 在某些实现方式中, 释放速率调节剂可能包含亲水性试剂。 在某些实现方式中,释放速率调节剂为聚乙烯醇,例如分子量在 5000至 7000的聚乙烯醇, 如 PEG6000。
在某些实现方式中,假体可能包含多种可释放药物,这些药物可以被封装或非封装 (例 如, 封装在微型储存层内或其他材料内)。 在某些实现方式中, 多种药物可以被包含于同 一涂层内。在某些实现方式中, 涂层是不连续的, 不同涂层部位包含不同种药物。在这类 实现方式中, 不同部分的涂层具有不同的组成, 因而也可以提供不同的释放速率。还有一 些实现方式, 假体上包含多个药物释放涂层, 每个涂层包含一种不同药物或药物组合。
如上述所述,与药物释放层相比,药物存储实现方式可以包含不同药物或者同时释放 多种药物。另外一些实现方式中, 与单层或多层药物释放相比, 可以实现不同的药物或药 物组合释放。 可以使用和组合任何上述的实现方式来得到预期的释放效果。
根据需要,可以通过调节降解假体基体材料的性能来控制植入后假体的支撑时间,这 个支撑时间一般为 1-12个月。 假体植入鼻腔后, 涂层中带有的有效药物会不断缓释, 对 病变部位直接不间断给药,达到抑制病变增长并逐渐消除的目的,从而更加彻底治疗鼻窦 炎等鼻腔顽疾。 药物缓释时间及给药量可以根据需要调节, 通常的缓释时间为 1 周至 6 个月时间。
以上所述的, 仅为本发明的较佳实施例, 并非用以限定本发明的范围, 本发明的上述 实施例还可以做出各种变化。即凡是依据本发明申请的权利要求书及说明书内容所作的简 单、等效变化与修饰, 皆落入本发明专利的权利要求保护范围。本发明未详尽描述的均为 常规技术内容。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、一种用于治疗鼻窦炎或过敏性鼻炎的假体系统, 所述假体系统具有可降解聚合物 形成的周向延伸的壁面, 所述壁面具有若干空隙, 其特征在于, 含有药物的可降解纤维丝 束穿插于所述空隙中。
2、 如权利要求 1所述的用于治疗鼻窦炎或过敏性鼻炎的假体系统, 其特征在于, 所 述壁面通过单丝编织、 管状基体切割或片状基体卷曲而成。
3、 如权利要求 1所述的用于治疗鼻窦炎或过敏性鼻炎的假体系统, 其特征在于, 所 述壁面包括筒状的基础体和由单丝编织而成的扩口头端,所述扩口头端从所述基础体的两 端轴向向外编织形成。
4、 如权利要求 1所述的用于治疗鼻窦炎或过敏性鼻炎的假体系统, 其特征在于, 所 述壁面具有药物涂层,所述壁面的药物涂层中的药物与所述可降解纤维丝束中含有的药物 相同或不相同。
5、 如权利要求 1所述的用于治疗鼻窦炎或过敏性鼻炎的假体系统, 其特征在于, 所 述壁面在周向上封闭并形成为两端敞开的筒状结构。
6、 如权利要求 5所述的用于治疗鼻窦炎或过敏性鼻炎的假体系统, 其特征在于, 所 述壁面的两端具有径向向外逐渐延伸的定位部。
7、 如权利要求 5所述的用于治疗鼻窦炎或过敏性鼻炎的假体系统, 其特征在于, 所 述壁面的外表面具有径向向外延伸的至少一个凸起。
8、 如权利要求 5所述的用于治疗鼻窦炎或过敏性鼻炎的假体系统, 其特征在于, 所 述壁面具有均勾分布的小孔和贯穿所述小孔的支撑筋。
9、 如权利要求 1所述的用于治疗鼻窦炎或过敏性鼻炎的假体系统, 其特征在于, 所 述壁面在周向上是非封闭的。
10、 如权利要求 9所述的用于治疗鼻窦炎或过敏性鼻炎的假体系统, 其特征在于, 所述壁面具有均勾分布的小孔和贯穿所述小孔的用于捆绑的可降解纤维。
11、 如权利要求 10所述的用于治疗鼻窦炎或过敏性鼻炎的假体系统, 其特征在于, 所述可降解纤维本身形成为含有药物的可降解纤维丝束。
PCT/CN2013/083986 2012-11-13 2013-09-23 一种用于治疗鼻窦炎或过敏性鼻炎的假体系统 WO2014075514A1 (zh)

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JP2015540999A JP6152170B2 (ja) 2012-11-13 2013-09-23 副鼻腔炎又はアレルギー性鼻炎治療用プロテーゼシステム
EP13854782.3A EP2921138B1 (en) 2012-11-13 2013-09-23 Implant system for treating sinusitis or allergic rhinitis
BR112014028185A BR112014028185A2 (pt) 2012-11-13 2013-09-23 sistema de implante para tratar sinusite ou rinite alérgica
US14/401,266 US20150100133A1 (en) 2012-11-13 2013-09-23 Implanted system for treating sinusitis or allergic rhinitis

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