WO2013088581A1 - 車両用制動装置 - Google Patents
車両用制動装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2013088581A1 WO2013088581A1 PCT/JP2011/079254 JP2011079254W WO2013088581A1 WO 2013088581 A1 WO2013088581 A1 WO 2013088581A1 JP 2011079254 W JP2011079254 W JP 2011079254W WO 2013088581 A1 WO2013088581 A1 WO 2013088581A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- pressure
- wheel
- hydraulic
- hydraulic circuit
- hydraulic pressure
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T7/00—Brake-action initiating means
- B60T7/12—Brake-action initiating means for automatic initiation; for initiation not subject to will of driver or passenger
- B60T7/22—Brake-action initiating means for automatic initiation; for initiation not subject to will of driver or passenger initiated by contact of vehicle, e.g. bumper, with an external object, e.g. another vehicle, or by means of contactless obstacle detectors mounted on the vehicle
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T11/00—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator without power assistance or drive or where such assistance or drive is irrelevant
- B60T11/10—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator without power assistance or drive or where such assistance or drive is irrelevant transmitting by fluid means, e.g. hydraulic
- B60T11/101—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator without power assistance or drive or where such assistance or drive is irrelevant transmitting by fluid means, e.g. hydraulic equalising arrangements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T11/00—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator without power assistance or drive or where such assistance or drive is irrelevant
- B60T11/10—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator without power assistance or drive or where such assistance or drive is irrelevant transmitting by fluid means, e.g. hydraulic
- B60T11/28—Valves specially adapted therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T13/00—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems
- B60T13/10—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with fluid assistance, drive, or release
- B60T13/66—Electrical control in fluid-pressure brake systems
- B60T13/68—Electrical control in fluid-pressure brake systems by electrically-controlled valves
- B60T13/686—Electrical control in fluid-pressure brake systems by electrically-controlled valves in hydraulic systems or parts thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T8/00—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force
- B60T8/17—Using electrical or electronic regulation means to control braking
- B60T8/176—Brake regulation specially adapted to prevent excessive wheel slip during vehicle deceleration, e.g. ABS
- B60T8/1766—Proportioning of brake forces according to vehicle axle loads, e.g. front to rear of vehicle
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T8/00—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force
- B60T8/26—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force characterised by producing differential braking between front and rear wheels
- B60T8/266—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force characterised by producing differential braking between front and rear wheels using valves or actuators with external control means
- B60T8/268—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force characterised by producing differential braking between front and rear wheels using valves or actuators with external control means using the valves of an ABS, ASR or ESP system
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T2201/00—Particular use of vehicle brake systems; Special systems using also the brakes; Special software modules within the brake system controller
- B60T2201/02—Active or adaptive cruise control system; Distance control
- B60T2201/022—Collision avoidance systems
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T8/00—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force
- B60T8/32—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration
- B60T8/321—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration deceleration
- B60T8/3255—Systems in which the braking action is dependent on brake pedal data
- B60T8/3275—Systems with a braking assistant function, i.e. automatic full braking initiation in dependence of brake pedal velocity
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a vehicle braking device.
- a vehicle that supports a driver's braking operation by automatically increasing a braking force when it is determined that the vehicle has a possibility of contact with an obstacle and when the driver's spontaneous braking operation is detected.
- a braking device for a vehicle is known (for example, see Patent Document 1). At this time, the amount of increase in the braking force is increased as the contact possibility of contact with an obstacle increases.
- Patent Document 1 has room for improvement in order to improve running stability during vehicle braking.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle braking device that can realize an optimal braking characteristic in accordance with the possibility of a collision with an obstacle.
- the vehicle is characterized in that the relationship between the boosting characteristic of the rear wheel brake hydraulic pressure with respect to the boosting characteristic of the front wheel brake hydraulic pressure is made different according to the determination result of the possibility of collision with an obstacle.
- a braking device is provided.
- a vehicular braking device capable of realizing optimal braking characteristics in accordance with the possibility of a collision with an obstacle.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a main configuration of a vehicle braking device 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention and a main part of a vehicle 102 on which the vehicle braking device 1 is mounted. It is a figure which shows an example of the hydraulic circuit 200 by front and rear piping.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically showing the flow of oil when the pumps 260F and 260R in the hydraulic circuit 200 shown in FIG. 2 are operated. It is explanatory drawing of operation
- movement of the M / C cut valve 206F. 3 is a flowchart illustrating an example of hydraulic control executed by the control device 10 in a hydraulic circuit 200 using front and rear piping.
- mold 4 wheel automatic brake It is a characteristic view which shows an example of the relationship between a wheel cylinder pressure and oil consumption. It is a characteristic view showing an example of the relationship of the discharge oil amount with respect to the time of the pump 260F in the front wheel system hydraulic circuit 201F.
- FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing another example of hydraulic control executed by the control device 10. It is a figure which shows an example of each map 1, 2, 3 used by the process shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the other example of the map 2.
- FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing another example of hydraulic control executed by the control device 10. It is a figure which shows an example of each map 1, 2, 3 used by the process shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the other example of the map 2.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a main configuration of a vehicle braking device 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention and a main part of a vehicle 102 on which the vehicle braking device 1 is mounted.
- 100FL and 100FR respectively indicate left and right front wheels of the vehicle 102
- 100RL and 100RR respectively indicate left and right rear wheels that are driving wheels of the vehicle.
- the left and right front wheels 100FL and 100FR may be steered via tie rods by a power steering device that is driven in response to steering of the steering wheel.
- the vehicle braking device 1 includes a control device 10 and a hydraulic circuit 200.
- the braking force of each wheel 100FR, 100FL, 100RR, 100RL is generated by the hydraulic pressure supplied to the wheel cylinders 224FR, 224FL, 224RR, 224RL by the hydraulic circuit 200, respectively.
- the hydraulic circuit 200 is provided with a master cylinder 202.
- the master cylinder 202 generates hydraulic pressure to be supplied to the wheel cylinders 224FR, 224FL, 224RR, 224RL in response to the depression operation of the brake pedal 190 by the driver.
- the control device 10 may be configured by an ECU (electronic control unit) including a microcomputer.
- the function of the control device 10 may be realized by any hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof.
- any part or all of the functions of the control device 10 may be applied to an application-specific ASIC (application-specific). integrated circuit), FPGA (Field Programmable Gate) Array) or a DSP (digital signal processor).
- the function of the control device 10 may be realized in cooperation with a plurality of ECUs.
- the front radar sensor 134 is connected to the control device 10.
- the front radar sensor 134 detects the state of a front obstacle (typically, the front vehicle) in front of the vehicle using radio waves (for example, millimeter waves), light waves (for example, lasers), or ultrasonic waves as detection waves.
- the front radar sensor 134 detects information indicating a relationship between the front obstacle and the own vehicle, for example, a relative speed, a relative distance, and an azimuth (lateral position) of the front obstacle based on the own vehicle at a predetermined cycle.
- the front radar sensor 134 is a millimeter wave radar sensor
- the millimeter wave radar sensor may be, for example, an electronic scan type millimeter wave radar.
- the front obstacle is detected using the Doppler frequency (frequency shift) of the radio wave.
- the relative speed of the front obstacle is detected using the delay time of the reflected wave, and the direction of the front obstacle is detected based on the phase difference of the received wave among the plurality of receiving antennas.
- the control device 10 is connected with wheel speed sensors 138FR, 138FL, 138RR, 138RL arranged on each wheel of the vehicle.
- the wheel speed sensors 138FR, 138FL, 138RR, 138RL may be active sensors or passive sensors.
- the control device 10 is connected to an acceleration sensor 136 that detects acceleration in the vehicle longitudinal direction generated in the vehicle.
- the acceleration sensor 136 is attached, for example, under the center console of the vehicle.
- the acceleration sensor 136 includes an acceleration sensor unit that outputs a signal corresponding to the acceleration in the vehicle longitudinal direction or the vehicle width direction that occurs in the mounted vehicle, and a yaw rate sensor unit that outputs a signal corresponding to the angular velocity generated around the center of gravity axis of the vehicle. May be realized by a semiconductor sensor.
- the hydraulic circuit 200 is connected to the control device 10.
- the control device 10 controls the braking force of each wheel 100FL, 100FR, 100RL, 100RR by controlling various valves (described later) provided in the hydraulic circuit 200.
- the control method by the control device 10 will be described in detail later.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of a hydraulic circuit 200 using front and rear piping.
- the hydraulic circuit 200 shown in FIG. 2 includes two systems of hydraulic circuits 201F and 201R.
- the two hydraulic circuits 201F and 201R are composed of front and rear pipes that are divided into systems of front wheels 100FL and 100FR and rear wheels 100RL and 100RR.
- the hydraulic circuit 201F is referred to as a front wheel system hydraulic circuit 201F
- the hydraulic circuit 201R is referred to as a rear wheel system hydraulic circuit 201R.
- a portion 220 surrounded by a two-dot chain line may be embodied as a brake actuator.
- the master cylinder 202 has a first master cylinder chamber 202F and a second master cylinder chamber 202R defined by free pistons (not shown) urged to predetermined positions by compression coil springs on both sides thereof. is doing.
- the front wheel system hydraulic circuit 201F will be described.
- One end of a front wheel master passage 204F is connected to the first master cylinder chamber 202F.
- the other end of the front wheel master passage 204F is connected to a master cylinder cut solenoid valve 206F (hereinafter referred to as an M / C cut valve 206F).
- the M / C cut valve 206F is a normally open valve that is open when not controlled.
- the M / C cut valve 206F has a function of regulating the hydraulic pressure generated by the pump 260F by controlling the open / closed state of the M / C cut valve 206F by the control device 10.
- the opening degree of the M / C cut valve 206F can be controlled linearly, and a control hydraulic pressure corresponding to the opening degree is generated.
- a flow path 205F is connected between the M / C cut valve 206F and the master cylinder 202 in the front wheel master passage 204F.
- the channel 205F communicates with the reservoir 250F.
- One end of a pump flow path 210F is connected to the reservoir 250F.
- the other end of the pump channel 210F is connected to the high-pressure channel 208F.
- a pump 260F and a check valve 262F are provided in the pump flow path 210F.
- the discharge side of the pump 260F is connected to the high pressure flow path 208F via a check valve 262F.
- the pump 260F is driven by, for example, a motor (not shown).
- the pump 260F is controlled by the control device 10.
- Pump 260F may be of any type including a piston type.
- the pump 260F may include a camshaft that is eccentric with respect to the rotation shaft of the motor, and a piston in a cylinder that is disposed along the outer periphery of the camshaft.
- the piston in the cylinder reciprocates when the camshaft rotates due to the rotation of the motor, sucks oil when moving to the center side, and pressurizes oil when moving to the outer periphery side. Is discharged.
- the pump 260F pumps oil from the reservoir 250F and pumps the oil to the high-pressure channel 208F by the pump channel 210F via the check valve 262F (see FIG. 3).
- the hydraulic circuit 200 does not include an accumulator that stores high-pressure oil discharged from the pump 260F.
- the high pressure flow path 208F communicating with the wheel cylinders 224FL and 224FR is connected to the M / C cut valve 206F.
- the high-pressure channel 208F branches into two and communicates with the wheel cylinders 224FL and 224FR.
- holding solenoid valves 212FL and 212FR are respectively provided, and pressure reducing solenoid valves 214FL and 214FR are respectively provided.
- Holding solenoid valves 212FL and 212FR are normally open valves that are open when not controlled.
- the open / close state of the holding solenoid valves 212FL and 212FR is controlled by the control device 10.
- the decompression solenoid valves 214FL and 214FR are normally closed valves that are closed when not controlled.
- the controller 10 controls the open / close state of the decompression solenoid valves 214FL and 214FR.
- the decompression solenoid valves 214FL and 214FR are connected to the reservoir 250F via the decompression passage
- a rear wheel system hydraulic circuit 201R One end of a rear wheel master passage 204R is connected to the second master cylinder chamber 202R.
- a master cylinder pressure sensor 265 is provided in the rear wheel master passage 204R.
- the master cylinder pressure sensor 265 outputs a signal corresponding to the master cylinder pressure generated in the master passage 204R.
- the output signal of the master cylinder pressure sensor 265 is supplied to the control device 10.
- the other end of the rear wheel master passage 204R is connected to a master cylinder cut solenoid valve 206R (hereinafter referred to as an M / C cut valve 206R).
- the M / C cut valve 206R is a normally open valve that is open when not controlled.
- the M / C cut valve 206R has a function of regulating the hydraulic pressure generated by the pump 260R by controlling the open / close state of the M / C cut valve 206R by the control device 10.
- the opening degree of the M / C cut valve 206R can be controlled linearly, and a control hydraulic pressure corresponding to the opening degree is generated.
- a flow path 205R is connected between the M / C cut valve 206R and the master cylinder 202 in the rear wheel master passage 204R.
- the flow path 205R communicates with the reservoir 250R.
- One end of a pump flow path 210R is connected to the reservoir 250R.
- the other end of the pump flow path 210R is connected to the high pressure flow path 208R.
- a pump 260R and a check valve 262R are provided in the pump flow path 210R.
- the discharge side of the pump 260R is connected to the high-pressure channel 208R via a check valve 262R.
- the pump 260R is driven by, for example, a motor (not shown). This motor may be the same as the motor that drives the pump 260F for the front wheels.
- the pump 260R is controlled by the control device 10. During operation, the pump 260R pumps oil from the reservoir 250R and pumps the oil to the high-pressure channel 208R through the pump channel 210R via the check valve 262R (see FIG. 3).
- the hydraulic circuit 200 does not include an accumulator that stores high-pressure oil discharged from the pump 260R.
- the M / C cut valve 206R is connected to a high pressure flow path 208R communicating with the wheel cylinders 224RL and 224RR.
- the high-pressure channel 208R branches into two and communicates with the wheel cylinders 224RL and 224RR.
- holding solenoid valves 212RL and 212RR are provided, and pressure reducing solenoid valves 214RL and 214RR are provided.
- Holding solenoid valves 212RL and 212RR are normally open valves that are open when not controlled.
- the open / close state of the holding solenoid valves 212RL and 212RR is controlled by the control device 10.
- the decompression solenoid valves 214RL and 214RR are normally closed valves that are closed when not controlled.
- the open / close state of the decompression solenoid valves 214RL and 214RR is controlled by the control device 10.
- the decompression solenoid valves 214RL and 214RR are connected to the reservoir 250R via the decompression
- each valve (M / C cut valves 206F, 206R, holding solenoid valves 212FL, 212FR, 212RL, 212RR, and pressure reducing solenoid valves 214FL, 214FR, 214RL, 214RR) is in the non-control position.
- the pumps 260F and 260R are in a non-operating state.
- the pressure in the first master cylinder chamber 202F is supplied to the wheel cylinders 224FL and 224FR
- the pressure in the second master cylinder chamber 202R is supplied to the wheel cylinders 224RL and 224RR. Therefore, during normal braking, the pressure in the wheel cylinder of each wheel, that is, the braking force, is increased or decreased according to the operation amount (depression force) of the brake pedal 190.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically showing the oil flow when the pumps 260F and 260R in the hydraulic circuit 200 shown in FIG. 2 are operated.
- the flow of oil when the pump 260F is operated in the front wheel system hydraulic circuit 201F will be described.
- the operation of the pump 260R is substantially the same as the operation of the pump 260F.
- the oil in the reservoir 250F flowing in from the master cylinder 202 via the flow path 205F is pumped to the high pressure flow path 208F by the pump flow path 210F via the check valve 262F.
- the holding solenoid valves 212FL and 212FR are in the open position, this oil is supplied to the wheel cylinders 224FL and 224FR from the high pressure passage 208F, and the pressure in the wheel cylinders 224FL and 224FR (wheel cylinder pressure) is increased.
- the pressure reducing solenoid valves 214FL and 214FR are in the closed position, and the wheel cylinder pressure is increased.
- the oil pumped to the high pressure channel 208F flows to the master passage 204F via the M / C cut valve 206F.
- the flow rate of this oil changes according to the open / closed state (opening degree) of the M / C cut valve 206F (see FIG. 4).
- the pressures pumped up by the pump 260F are supplied to the wheel cylinders 224FL and 224FR, and the pressures pumped up by the pump 260R are supplied to the wheel cylinders 224RL and 224RR.
- the braking pressure of each wheel is independent of the amount of operation of the brake pedal 190 (the M / C cut valves 206F and 206R, the holding solenoid valves 212FL, 212FR, 212RL, 212RR, and the pressure reducing solenoid).
- the valve 214FL, 214FR, 214RL, 214RR can be controlled according to the operating state.
- FIG. 4A and 4B are explanatory diagrams of the operation of the M / C cut valve 206F.
- FIG. 4A shows a state in which the opening degree of the M / C cut valve 206F is relatively small
- FIG. 4B shows the M / C cut valve 206F.
- the state where the opening degree of 206F is smaller is shown.
- the operation of the M / C cut valve 206R may be the same.
- the M / C cut valve 206F has a valve element 274 disposed in the valve chamber 270 so as to be able to reciprocate.
- the valve chamber 270 is connected to a front wheel master passage 204F from the master cylinder 202 and a high pressure passage 208F communicating with the wheel cylinders 224FR and 224FL via an internal passage 278 and a port 280.
- a solenoid 282 is disposed around the valve element 274, and the valve element 274 is urged to a valve opening position by a compression coil spring 284. When a drive voltage is applied to the solenoid 282, the valve element 274 is biased against the port 280 against the spring force of the compression coil spring 284.
- the control device 10 controls the magnitude of the applied current (differential pressure instruction value) to the solenoid 282 of the M / C cut valve 206F, so that the hydraulic pressure in the high-pressure flow path 208F (in the master passage 204F) is controlled.
- the differential pressure between the hydraulic pressure and the hydraulic pressure in the high-pressure channel 208F can be controlled.
- the M / C cut valve 206F incorporates a check valve 286 that allows only the flow of oil from the valve chamber 270 toward the high-pressure channel 208F.
- FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing an example of hydraulic control executed by the control device 10.
- the processing routine shown in FIG. 5 may be repeatedly executed at predetermined intervals while the vehicle is traveling.
- the control device 10 determines a sudden braking command start condition.
- the sudden braking command start condition may be satisfied when a predetermined emergency deceleration is requested.
- TTC Time to Collision
- the control device 10 calculates a TTC for a front obstacle in a predetermined direction (lateral position) based on the detection result from the front radar sensor 134, and the calculated TTC calculates a predetermined value (for example, 1 second). If so, go to Step 502.
- the TTC may be derived by dividing the relative distance to the front obstacle by the relative speed with respect to the front obstacle.
- the automatic driving control for example, it may be satisfied when the magnitude of the deceleration required to maintain a predetermined lower distance between the vehicle ahead and the vehicle ahead exceeds a predetermined value. If the sudden braking command start condition is satisfied, the process proceeds to step 502. Otherwise, the process ends.
- the control device 10 determines whether or not a collision with a front obstacle (including a front vehicle) is unavoidable. That is, it is determined whether or not the possibility of a collision with a front obstacle is a predetermined level (100% in this case) or more.
- a method for determining whether or not a collision with a front obstacle is unavoidable is widely known in the field of pre-crash safety, and various methods may be adopted. For example, a collision avoidance relative speed may be calculated in advance at each timing (TTC) at which the four-wheel automatic brake is started, and a collision unavoidable determination map may be created based on the calculated relative speed.
- the control device 10 may determine whether or not the collision with the front obstacle is unavoidable by referring to the collision unavoidable determination map based on the relative speed with the front obstacle and the TTC. .
- the deceleration G (m / s 2 ) and the deceleration speed V (m / s) t seconds after the start of the four-wheel automatic braking are the maximum speed G MAX (m / s 2 ) and
- the deceleration gradient J (m / s 3 ) the following relationship is established.
- a collision unavoidable determination map may be created by regarding a relative speed larger than the deceleration speed V after t seconds as a collision unavoidable relative speed.
- the collision inevitable determination map using the relative distance as a parameter may be created by obtaining the relative distance by integrating the deceleration speed V.
- acceleration of a front obstacle may be considered.
- step 501 If it is determined in step 501 that a collision with a front obstacle is inevitable, the process proceeds to step 503. If it is determined that a collision with a front obstacle is inevitable (that is, avoidable), a step is performed. Proceed to 502.
- step 502 the control device 10 controls the four-wheel automatic brake that suppresses the pressure increase by the rear wheel system hydraulic circuit 201R based on the target control value (hereinafter, also referred to as “rear wheel pressure increase suppression type four-wheel automatic brake”). Execute. Specifically, the control device 10 operates the pumps 260F and 260R and controls the M / C cut valves 206F and 206R to increase the wheel cylinder pressures of the wheel cylinders 224FL, 224FR, 224RL and 224RR.
- the target control value hereinafter, also referred to as “rear wheel pressure increase suppression type four-wheel automatic brake”. Execute. Specifically, the control device 10 operates the pumps 260F and 260R and controls the M / C cut valves 206F and 206R to increase the wheel cylinder pressures of the wheel cylinders 224FL, 224FR, 224RL and 224RR.
- the control device 10 controls the M / C cut valves 206F and 206R so that the wheel cylinder pressures of the rear wheel cylinders 224RL and 224RR do not exceed the wheel cylinder pressures of the front wheel cylinders 224FL and 224FR.
- the pressure increase suppression for the rear wheel system can be realized in a wide variety of modes, and may be realized in any mode.
- the pressure increase start timing by the rear wheel system hydraulic circuit 201R may be delayed by a predetermined delay time ⁇ T with respect to the pressure increase start timing by the front wheel system hydraulic circuit 201F.
- Other specific examples of the method for suppressing pressure increase with respect to the rear wheel system will be described later.
- the target control value may be set for any physical quantity related to the wheel cylinder pressure of the wheel.
- the target control value may be a target deceleration, a hydraulic target value for the wheel cylinder pressure, a target value of a pressure increase gradient for the wheel cylinder pressure, or M / It may be a target value of a differential pressure instruction value (applied current value) for the C cut valves 206F and 206R.
- the target control value may be a fixed value or a variable value set according to a relative relationship (such as TTC) with the front obstacle. In the case of a fixed value, the target control value may be, for example, a target deceleration of 6.0 m / s 2 or a hydraulic target value for each wheel cylinder pressure of 5 Mpa.
- step 503 the control device 10 executes four-wheel automatic braking based on the target control value.
- the control device 10 does not use the four-wheel automatic brake (rear wheel pressure increase suppression type four-wheel automatic brake) in which the pressure increase by the rear wheel system hydraulic circuit 201R as performed in the above step 502 is suppressed, but the rear wheel system hydraulic pressure.
- a four-wheel automatic brake (hereinafter also referred to as “non-suppressed four-wheel automatic brake”) that does not suppress pressure increase by the circuit 201R is executed.
- the control device 10 operates the pumps 260F and 260R, and controls the M / C cut valves 206F and 206R in the same manner, thereby adjusting the wheel cylinder pressures of the wheel cylinders 224FL, 224FR, 224RL, and 224RR. Increase pressure.
- the target control value in the non-suppression four-wheel automatic brake may be the same as the target control value in the rear wheel pressure increase suppression four-wheel automatic brake, or the target control value in the rear wheel pressure increase suppression four-wheel automatic brake. The value may be higher than the control value.
- step 504 the control device 10 determines a sudden braking command end condition.
- the sudden braking command end condition is, for example, when a collision is detected based on the acceleration sensor 136 or the like, when the vehicle body speed becomes 0 km / h, or when the TTC exceeds 1.5 [seconds], May be satisfied when it continues for a predetermined time (for example, 3 seconds) or longer. If the sudden braking command end condition is satisfied, the process ends. Otherwise, the process returns to step 501.
- the four-wheel automatic braking in steps 502 and 503 is typically executed under a situation where the driver does not operate the brake pedal 190. That is, the target control value used in the above steps 502 and 503 is a value (including a fixed value) determined based on factors other than the operation amount of the brake pedal 190. If the driver operates the brake pedal 190 (for example, detected based on the pedaling force switch 192) after starting the four-wheel automatic braking, the operation of the brake pedal 190 is ignored and the four-wheel automatic braking is performed. May be continued.
- step 502 when the driver operates the brake pedal 190 after starting the rear wheel pressure increase suppression type four-wheel automatic brake, for example, when the master cylinder pressure becomes a predetermined pressure or higher. It may be possible to shift to the normal brake, or when the hydraulic circuit 200 shown in FIG. 2 is not possible, but when it is possible to use another hydraulic circuit configuration, add both hydraulic pressures (or The larger one may be selected) and applied to the wheel cylinders 224FL, 224FR, 224RL, 224RR.
- the four-wheel automatic braking in steps 502 and 503 may be executed under a situation where the driver is operating the brake pedal 190.
- the sudden braking command start condition may be varied depending on whether the driver operates the brake pedal 190 or not.
- the TTC as a threshold value that satisfies the sudden braking command start condition may be changed to a long time (for example, 1.5 seconds).
- the target control value used in steps 502 and 503 may be determined based on factors other than the operation amount of the brake pedal 190.
- step 502 if the driver still operates the brake pedal 190 after starting the rear wheel pressure increase suppression type four-wheel automatic brake, the master cylinder pressure is set to a predetermined pressure, for example. At this stage, it is possible to shift to the normal brake, or when the hydraulic circuit 200 shown in FIG. 2 is not possible, but other hydraulic circuit configurations are possible, both hydraulic pressures can be used. May be applied to the wheel cylinders 224FL, 224FR, 224RL, and 224RR.
- the holding solenoid valves 212FL, 212FR, 212RL, 212RR and the pressure reducing solenoid valves 214FL, 214FR, 214RL, 214RR are all maintained in the normal state.
- the holding solenoid valves 212FL, 212FR, 212RL, 212RR and the pressure reducing solenoid valves 214FL, 214FR, 214RL, 214RR are VSC (Vehicle In the vehicle stabilization control such as Stability Control), each wheel is individually controlled.
- VSC Vehicle In the vehicle stabilization control such as Stability Control
- each wheel is individually controlled.
- the four-wheel automatic brake in step 502 is control for each system, and different control is not executed in the same system.
- the ABS (anti-lock) vehicle stabilization control such as a brake system) or VSC may be activated.
- the rear wheel pressure increase suppression type four-wheel automatic brake may be stopped, or the other control may be executed while continuing the rear wheel pressure increase suppression type four wheel automatic brake.
- the holding solenoid valves 212FL, 212FR, 212RL, 212RR, and the pressure reducing solenoid valve 214FL are controlled for the M / C cut valves 206F, 206R while performing the same control as in the case of the rear wheel pressure increase suppression type four-wheel automatic braking.
- 214FR, 214RL, 214RR may be controlled in accordance with ABS or vehicle stabilization control rules.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of a time series (target control value pattern) of target control values set for each of the front wheel system and the rear wheel system in the case of the rear wheel pressure increase suppression type four-wheel automatic brake.
- the target control value is a hydraulic target value for the wheel cylinder pressure.
- the rise timing of the rear hydraulic target value is delayed by a predetermined delay time ⁇ T from the rise timing of the front hydraulic target value.
- the front hydraulic pressure target value increases toward the final front hydraulic pressure target value (5 Mpa in this example) at the start of the sudden braking command.
- the rear hydraulic pressure target value increases toward the final rear hydraulic pressure target value (5 Mpa in this example) after a predetermined delay time ⁇ T from the start of the sudden braking command.
- the final target values (the final front hydraulic pressure target value and the final rear hydraulic pressure target value) may correspond to target control values that should be finally realized by the rear wheel pressure increase suppression type four-wheel automatic brake.
- the rise timing of the rear hydraulic target value is delayed by a predetermined delay time ⁇ T from the rise timing of the front hydraulic target value. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 6, the wheels of the wheel cylinders 224RL and 224RR for the rear wheels are used. It is possible to prevent the cylinder pressure from exceeding the wheel cylinder pressure of the wheel cylinders 224FL and 224FR of the front wheels. As a result, the tendency to lock the rear wheel during four-wheel automatic braking when emergency deceleration is required can be prevented, and vehicle stability can be improved.
- the predetermined delay time ⁇ T is preferably a difference in characteristics between the rear wheel system hydraulic circuit 201R and the front wheel system hydraulic circuit 201F, in particular, the oil consumption necessary for generating the same wheel cylinder pressure. It is set in consideration of the amount difference.
- the predetermined delay time ⁇ T may be a fixed value such as 200 msec.
- the front hydraulic pressure target value and the rear hydraulic pressure target value rise steeply and rise toward the final front hydraulic pressure target value and the final rear hydraulic pressure target value, respectively. It may be increased in steps.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of a time series (target control value pattern) of target control values set for each of the front wheel system and the rear wheel system in the case of non-suppressing four-wheel automatic braking.
- the same (common) target control value is applied to the front wheel system and the rear wheel system.
- both the front hydraulic pressure target value and the rear hydraulic pressure target value increase toward the final hydraulic pressure target value (5 Mpa in this example) at the start of the sudden braking command.
- the rising timing of the rear hydraulic target value is not delayed from the rising timing of the front hydraulic target value, and the deceleration can be maximized within a limited time.
- the rear wheel system hydraulic circuit 201R and the front wheel system hydraulic circuit 201F have a characteristic difference between the rear actual hydraulic pressure and the rear actual hydraulic pressure as shown in FIG.
- the wheel cylinder pressure of the wheel cylinders 224RL and 224RR exceeds the wheel cylinder pressure of the front wheel wheel cylinders 224FL and 224FR.
- the front wheel system hydraulic circuit 201F has a significantly larger capacity of the front caliper than the rear caliper, so that the consumed oil required to generate the same oil pressure as the rear wheel system hydraulic circuit 201R. The amount increases (see FIG. 8).
- the non-suppressing four-wheel automatic brake is a control that is executed when a collision is unavoidable as described above. Therefore, priority is given to ensuring a slight deceleration and lowering the collision speed rather than vehicle stability. .
- FIG. 8 is a characteristic diagram showing an example of the relationship between wheel cylinder pressure and oil consumption.
- FIG. 8 shows the same relationship in the front wheel system hydraulic circuit 201F and the same relationship in the rear wheel system hydraulic circuit 201R.
- the amount of oil consumed to generate the same wheel cylinder pressure differs between the front wheel system hydraulic circuit 201F and the rear wheel system hydraulic circuit 201R. This is mainly based on the structural difference (for example, the difference between the capacity of the front caliper and the capacity of the rear caliper).
- Such a characteristic diagram may be obtained based on a test or calculation, or a design value may be used.
- FIG. 9 is a characteristic diagram showing an example of the discharge capacity (discharge oil amount with respect to time) of the pump 260F in the front wheel system hydraulic circuit 201F. Similarly, such a characteristic diagram may be obtained based on a test or calculation, or a design value may be used.
- the final hydraulic target value for the wheel cylinder pressure is Pt.
- consumption of the wheel system hydraulic circuit 201R after required for implementing the final and oil consumption Q F in the front line hydraulic circuit 201F necessary for realizing the hydraulic target value Pt of the final hydraulic target value Pt and an oil amount Q R, as shown in FIG. 8 is obtained from the characteristic diagram.
- These oil consumption difference Q diff is Q F ⁇ Q R.
- the operation time T t of the pump 260F required until the oil consumption amount Q F is obtained is obtained from the characteristic diagram as shown in FIG.
- the predetermined delay time ⁇ T may be calculated by the following equation.
- the control device 10 determines the predetermined delay time based on the final hydraulic target value Pt and the characteristic diagrams shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 in the process of step 502 shown in FIG. ⁇ T may be calculated.
- the relationship between the final hydraulic pressure target value Pt and the predetermined delay time ⁇ T may be created in advance as a map and stored in the memory.
- a predetermined delay time ⁇ T may be calculated for each of a plurality of final hydraulic target values Pt (for example, 1 Mpa, 3 Mpa, 5 Mpa, and 7 Mpa) using Equation (1) to create a map.
- the control device 10 may read the predetermined delay time ⁇ T corresponding to the final hydraulic pressure target value Pt.
- the final hydraulic pressure target value not specified in the map is obtained by interpolating a predetermined delay time ⁇ T corresponding to the two final hydraulic pressure target values close thereto.
- a predetermined delay time ⁇ T corresponding to the above may be calculated.
- the predetermined delay time ⁇ T may be calculated by the following equation.
- ⁇ T T t ⁇ T tR equation (2)
- Q R is the operating time of the pump 260R required until obtained.
- T tR is a characteristic diagram as shown in FIG. 9 and may be similarly calculated based on a characteristic diagram of the discharge oil amount with respect to time of the pump 260R in the rear wheel system hydraulic circuit 201R.
- a predetermined delay time ⁇ T may be calculated for each of a plurality of final hydraulic target values Pt (for example, 1 Mpa, 3 Mpa, 5 Mpa, and 7 Mpa) according to the equation (2), and a map may be created. .
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing another example of a time series (target control value pattern) of target control values set for each of the front wheel system and the rear wheel system in the case of the rear wheel pressure increase suppression type four-wheel automatic brake.
- the target control value is a hydraulic target value for the wheel cylinder pressure.
- FIG. 10 as in FIG. 6, the time series of the hydraulic target value (front hydraulic target value) with respect to the wheel cylinder pressure of the front wheel cylinders 224FL and 224FR, and the hydraulic target with respect to the wheel cylinder pressure of the rear wheel wheel cylinders 224RL and 224RR.
- the time series of the values are indicated by dotted lines, and the actual wheel cylinder pressures (front actual hydraulic pressure) of the front wheel cylinders 224FL and 224FR when controlled by these hydraulic target value patterns are shown.
- the time series and the time series of the actual wheel cylinder pressures (rear actual hydraulic pressure) of the wheel cylinders 224RL and 224RR of the rear wheels are indicated by solid lines.
- the rise timing of the rear hydraulic target value is the same as the rise timing of the front hydraulic target value, but the increase gradient of the rear hydraulic target value is set lower than the increase gradient of the front hydraulic target value.
- the front hydraulic pressure target value increases at a relatively steep slope toward the final front hydraulic pressure target value (5 Mpa in this example) at the start of the sudden braking command.
- the rear hydraulic pressure target value increases with a relatively gentle gradient toward the final front hydraulic pressure target value (5 Mpa in this example) at the start of the sudden braking command.
- an upper limit value lower than the increase gradient of the front hydraulic pressure target value may be set for the increase gradient of the rear hydraulic pressure target value.
- the upper limit value (or the difference between the increase gradient of the rear hydraulic pressure target value and the increase gradient of the front hydraulic pressure target value) with respect to the increase gradient of the rear hydraulic pressure target value is determined by the wheel cylinder pressure of the rear wheel cylinders 224RL and 224RR.
- the wheel cylinder pressure is set so as not to exceed the wheel cylinder pressure of the wheel cylinders 224FL and 224FR.
- the rear actual hydraulic pressure target value and the rear hydraulic pressure target value rise at the same gradient with respect to time as shown by the solid lines attached to the front actual hydraulic pressure and the rear actual hydraulic pressure in FIG. Due to the difference in oil consumption between the front wheel system hydraulic circuit 201F and the rear wheel system hydraulic circuit 201R as shown, the rear actual hydraulic pressure increases with a steeper slope than the front actual hydraulic pressure.
- the increase gradient of the rear hydraulic target value is smaller than the increase gradient of the front hydraulic target value, and thus the difference between the increase gradient of the rear actual hydraulic pressure and the increase gradient of the front actual hydraulic pressure. Can be reduced.
- the method shown in FIG. 10 can be combined with the method shown in FIG. That is, it is possible to delay the rise timing of the rear hydraulic pressure target value from the rise timing of the front hydraulic pressure target value and set the increase gradient of the rear hydraulic pressure target value lower than the increase gradient of the front hydraulic pressure target value.
- the front hydraulic pressure target value rises steeply and rises toward the final front hydraulic pressure target value, but it may increase in two or more steps.
- the rear hydraulic pressure target value rises gently and rises toward the final rear hydraulic pressure target value, but may increase in two or more steps.
- FIG. 11 is a flowchart showing another example of hydraulic control executed by the control device 10.
- the processing routine shown in FIG. 11 may be repeatedly executed at predetermined intervals while the vehicle is traveling.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram showing an example of each map 1, 2, 3 used in the processing shown in FIG.
- the control device 10 determines a sudden braking command start condition.
- the sudden braking command start condition may be satisfied when a predetermined emergency deceleration is requested.
- the sudden braking command start condition is satisfied when there is a request from a pre-crash system that performs collision avoidance control with a forward obstacle.
- the control device 10 may constitute a pre-crash system control device.
- the sudden braking command start condition is also satisfied when there is a request from a system other than the pre-crash system (a system that performs preceding vehicle tracking control, auto cruise control, or similar automatic driving control). .
- control device 10 may constitute a control device for a system that performs automatic driving control such as preceding vehicle following control and auto cruise control. If the sudden braking command start condition is satisfied, the process proceeds to step 1102; otherwise, the process ends.
- step 1102 the control device 10 determines whether or not the request is an emergency deceleration request from the pre-crash system. If it is a request for emergency deceleration from the pre-crash system, the process proceeds to step 1104. If it is a request for emergency deceleration from other systems, the process proceeds to step 1108.
- step 1104 the control device 10 executes a four-wheel automatic brake (non-suppressing type four-wheel automatic brake) that does not suppress pressure increase by the rear wheel system hydraulic circuit 201R based on the map 1 (see FIG. 12).
- the control device 10 operates the pumps 260F and 260R, and calculates the pressure increase gradient instruction amount in common for the front wheel system hydraulic circuit 201F and the rear wheel system hydraulic circuit 201R. That is, a common pressure increase gradient command amount is calculated for the M / C cut valve 206F of the front wheel system hydraulic circuit 201F and the M / C cut valve 206R of the rear wheel system hydraulic circuit 201R.
- the pressure increase gradient instruction amount may be calculated in a manner that gradually increases with time toward the final pressure increase gradient instruction amount.
- the final pressure increase gradient instruction amount may be a fixed value or a variable value set according to a relative relationship (such as TTC) with the front obstacle.
- the control device 10 calculates a differential pressure command value corresponding to the calculated pressure increase gradient command amount based on the map 1, and calculates the differential pressure command value (current) as the M / C cut valves 206F and 206R, respectively. Apply to.
- Map 1 the differential pressure command value for the pressure increase gradient command amount is the same for the M / C cut valve 206F of the front wheel system hydraulic circuit 201F and the M / C cut valve 206R of the rear wheel system hydraulic circuit 201R.
- a predetermined value in differential pressure instruction value when the pressure increase gradient instruction amount exceeds a predetermined value [Delta] P A predetermined gradient G1 S1 (upper limit or whereas increases toward a value close) to substantially limit, even for M / C cut valve 206R for the rear wheels system hydraulic circuit 201R, the pressure-increase gradient instruction amount exceeds a predetermined value [Delta] P a difference
- the pressure instruction value increases at a predetermined gradient G1 toward a predetermined value S1 (an upper limit value or a value close to a substantially upper limit value).
- step 1106 the control device 10 determines the sudden braking command end condition. For example, when the collision is detected, the vehicle speed becomes 0 km / h, or when the TTC exceeds 1.5 [seconds], the sudden braking command is terminated for a predetermined time (for example, 3 seconds). ) It may be satisfied if it continues for the above. If the sudden braking command end condition is satisfied, the process ends as it is. Otherwise, the process returns to step 1104.
- step 1108 the control unit 10 calculates in common to the rear wheel system hydraulic circuit 201R and the front wheel system hydraulic circuit 201F the pressure increase gradient indicated amounts, or pressure-increase gradient instruction amount is larger than the predetermined value [Delta] P A not Determine whether. If the pressure increase gradient instruction amount is larger than the predetermined value [Delta] P A, the process proceeds to step 1110, if the pressure increase gradient instructed amount is smaller than the predetermined value [Delta] P A, the process proceeds to step 1114.
- the determination increasing gradient indicated amounts of whether greater than a predetermined value [Delta] P A may be performed only for the pressure increase gradient instruction amount calculated for the first time. In this case, after the next cycle, the process may proceed to step 1110 or 1114 according to the determination result for the pressure increase gradient instruction amount calculated for the first time.
- step 1110 the control device 10 executes the four-wheel automatic brake (rear wheel pressure increase suppression type four-wheel automatic brake) in which the pressure increase by the rear wheel system hydraulic circuit 201R is suppressed based on the map 2 (see FIG. 12).
- the control device 10 operates the pumps 260F and 260R.
- the control device 10 calculates a differential pressure command value corresponding to the calculated pressure increase gradient command amount based on the map 2, and uses the differential pressure command value (current) as the M / C cut valves 206F and 206R, respectively. Apply to.
- the differential pressure command value with respect to the pressure increase gradient command amount is respectively determined for the M / C cut valve 206F of the front wheel system hydraulic circuit 201F and the M / C cut valve 206R of the rear wheel system hydraulic circuit 201R. Different.
- the pressure-increase gradient instruction amount exceeds a predetermined value [Delta] P A, differential pressure instruction value toward a predetermined value S1 at a predetermined gradient G1 whereas increasing Te, for M / C cut valve 206R for the rear wheels system hydraulic circuit 201R, the pressure-increase gradient instruction amount exceeds a predetermined value [Delta] P a, differential pressure instruction value is a predetermined gradient G2 ( ⁇ G1) increases toward a predetermined value S2 ( ⁇ S1).
- the differential pressure command value for the M / C cut valve 206R of the rear wheel system hydraulic circuit 201R is compared with the differential pressure command value for the M / C cut valve 206F of the front wheel system hydraulic circuit 201F.
- it increases toward a small predetermined value S2 with a gentle slope.
- the pressure increase gradient command amount (target decrease) is lower than when emergency deceleration is requested from the pre-crash system. (Speed) tends to be small. That is, at the time of emergency deceleration by a system that performs automatic driving control such as preceding vehicle tracking control or auto cruise control, the wheel cylinder pressures of the rear wheel cylinders 224RL and 224RR are set in contrast to emergency deceleration by the pre-crash system. The need for increasing pressure to near the upper limit can be reduced.
- the predetermined value S2 of the differential pressure instruction value for the M / C cut valve 206R is smaller than the predetermined value S1 of the differential pressure instruction value for the M / C cut valve 206F.
- the vehicle wheel stability can be improved by preventing the wheel cylinder pressure on the side from being increased to the same level as the wheel cylinder pressure on the front wheel side.
- step 1112 the control device 10 determines a sudden braking command end condition.
- the sudden braking command end condition may be satisfied, for example, when a necessary inter-vehicle distance from the preceding vehicle is maintained, or when the sudden braking command continues for a predetermined time (for example, 3 seconds) or longer. If the sudden braking command end condition is satisfied, the process ends as it is. Otherwise, the process returns to step 1108.
- step 1114 the control device 10 executes the four-wheel automatic braking that does not suppress the pressure increase by the rear wheel system hydraulic circuit 201R based on the map 3 (see FIG. 12).
- this four-wheel automatic brake is the same as the four-wheel automatic brake in step 1104 above in that it does not suppress the pressure increase by the rear wheel system hydraulic circuit 201R, but it has the point that the brake is moderately less urgent. This is largely different from the four-wheel automatic brake in step 1104.
- the control device 10 operates the pumps 260F and 260R.
- the control device 10 calculates a differential pressure command value corresponding to the calculated pressure increase gradient command amount based on the map 3, and applies the differential pressure command value (current) to the M / C cut valves 206F and 206R. To do.
- Map 3 the differential pressure command value for the pressure increase gradient command amount is the same for the M / C cut valve 206F of the front wheel system hydraulic circuit 201F and the M / C cut valve 206R of the rear wheel system hydraulic circuit 201R. .
- the differential pressure instruction value increases toward a predetermined value S3 ( ⁇ S2) with a gentle predetermined gradient G3 ( ⁇ G2).
- step 1116 the control device 10 determines the sudden braking command end condition.
- the sudden braking command end condition may be satisfied, for example, when the necessary inter-vehicle distance from the preceding vehicle is maintained, or when the sudden braking command continues for a predetermined time (for example, 2 seconds). If the sudden braking command end condition is satisfied, the process ends as it is. Otherwise, the process returns to step 1108.
- the map 1 may be used when the level of possibility of collision is the highest, and the map 2 may be used when the level of possibility of collision is relatively low.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram showing another example of the map 2 that may be used in step 1110 of FIG.
- the differential pressure command value with respect to the pressure increase gradient command amount is different from the M / C cut valve 206F of the front wheel system hydraulic circuit 201F and the M / C cut valve 206R of the rear wheel system hydraulic circuit 201R. Each is different.
- the differential pressure command value becomes the predetermined gradient G1 and the predetermined value S1 ( (The value close to the upper limit value or a value close to the upper limit value), while the M / C cut valve 206R of the rear wheel system hydraulic circuit 201R has a pressure increase gradient instruction amount of the second predetermined value ⁇ P A2.
- the differential pressure indication value does not increase until it exceeds (> ⁇ P A1 ).
- the same effect as the case where the predetermined delay time ⁇ T as described with reference to FIG. 6 is set can be obtained.
- the difference between the first predetermined value ⁇ P A1 and the second predetermined value ⁇ P A2 may be set in the same way as when the predetermined delay time ⁇ T is set.
- the front wheel system and the rear wheel system are boosted with the same characteristics at the time of non-suppressing four-wheel automatic braking, but they need not be completely the same. . That is, in the above-described embodiment, at the time of non-suppression type four-wheel automatic braking, the suppression of pressure increase by the rear wheel system hydraulic circuit 201R is completely released, but it is not necessary to release the suppression completely, and the non-suppression It is only necessary that the degree of suppression is lower at the time of type four-wheel automatic braking than at the time of rear wheel pressure increase suppression type four-wheel automatic braking.
- the wheel cylinders 224FR, 224FL, 224RR, 224RL are not provided with a wheel cylinder pressure sensor.
- the feedback control based on the detection value of the wheel cylinder pressure sensor is not used, but the feedforward control as described above is used for the rear wheel pressure increase suppression type four-wheel automatic braking. It is possible to improve vehicle stability.
- the target control value may be fed back and set based on the output signals of the wheel speed sensors 138FR, 138FL, 138RR, and 138RL.
- this invention is applicable also to the structure provided with a wheel cylinder pressure sensor.
- the detected value of the wheel cylinder pressure sensor may be used as feedback control during rear wheel pressure increase suppression type four-wheel automatic braking, or the detected value of the wheel cylinder pressure sensor may be used as rear wheel pressure increase suppression type four wheel automatic brake. Sometimes it does not have to be used as feedback control.
- the pumps 260F and 260R are provided for each system, but one common pump may be provided for the two systems.
- the reservoirs 250F and 250R are integrated into one, the pumps 260F and 260R are replaced with one common pump, and the discharge side of the common one pump is branched so that the pump flow path 210F, 210R may be formed.
- the “first hydraulic pressure generation source” and the “second hydraulic pressure generation source” in the claims are realized by the one common pump.
- one common pump may be provided with an accumulator.
- the illustrated hydraulic circuit 200 with front and rear piping is merely an example, and may be changed in various ways.
- the hydraulic circuit 200 may be configured to turn on / off the flow of hydraulic pressure from the master cylinder 202 to the pumps 260F, 260R by providing suction solenoid valves in the flow paths 205F, 205R.
- two check valves may be provided on the suction sides of the pumps 260F and 260R in the pump channels 210F and 210R from the reservoirs 250F and 250R, respectively, and the channels 205F and 205R may be connected between the two check valves, respectively. .
- the pumps 260F and 260R suck and discharge the oil from the master cylinder 202 without passing through the reservoirs 250F and 250R.
- the holding solenoid valves 212FL, 212FR, 212RL, 212RR and the pressure reducing solenoid valves 214FL, 214FR, 214RL, 214RR may be linear valves.
- the structure which uses a common reservoir by the master cylinder 202 and the pumps 260F and 260R may be sufficient.
- the M / C cut valves 206F and 206R are controlled in different modes at the time of rear wheel pressure increase suppression type four-wheel automatic braking to control the wheel cylinder pressures of the front wheel cylinders 224FL and 224FR and the rear wheel pressure.
- the wheel cylinder pressures of the wheel cylinders 224RL and 224RR are increased, it is also possible to realize the same pressure increase characteristic by controlling the pumps 260F and 260R in different modes at the time of rear wheel pressure increase suppression type four-wheel automatic braking. It is.
- the pumps 260F and 260R may be driven by separate motors, respectively, and the M / C cut valves 206F and 206R may be on / off valves.
- the M / C cut valves 206F and 206R are closed and the pump 260F and the pump 260R are controlled in different modes, that is, the rotation of the pump 260F.
- the number of wheel cylinders 224FL, 224FR, 224RL, and 224RR is increased in the same manner as in the above-described embodiment by controlling the number (and the discharge amount accordingly) and the rotational speed of the pump 260R (the discharge amount accordingly) in a different manner. It is good also as realizing.
- the pumps 260F and 260R may be controlled in the same mode (maximum discharge amount) during the non-suppressing four-wheel automatic braking.
- the M / C cut valves 206F and 206R are controlled in different modes at the time of rear wheel pressure increase suppression type four-wheel automatic braking to control the wheel cylinder pressures of the front wheel cylinders 224FL and 224FR and the rear wheel pressure.
- the wheel cylinder pressures of the wheel cylinders 224RL and 224RR are increased, but the holding solenoid valves 212FL and 212FR and the pressure reducing solenoid valves 214FL and 214FR related to the front wheel system hydraulic circuit 201F at the time of rear wheel pressure increase suppression type four-wheel automatic braking, It is also possible to control the holding solenoid valves 212RL and 212RR and the pressure reducing solenoid valves 214RL and 214RR related to the rear wheel system hydraulic circuit 201R in different modes to achieve the same boosting characteristics. In this case, the M / C cut valves 206F and 206R may be on / off valves.
- the M / C cut valves 206F and 206R are closed and the holding solenoid valves 212FL and 212FR and the pressure reducing solenoid valves 214FL and 214FR related to the front wheel system hydraulic circuit 201F are closed.
- the holding solenoid valves 212RL and 212RR and the pressure reducing solenoid valves 214RL and 214RR related to the rear wheel system hydraulic circuit 201R are controlled in different modes, so that the wheel cylinders 224FL, 224FR, and 224RL are controlled in a manner similar to the above-described embodiment.
- the boosting of 224RR may be realized.
- the holding solenoid valves 212FL and 212FR related to the front wheel system hydraulic circuit 201F are controlled in the same manner, and the pressure reducing solenoid valves 214FL and 214FR related to the front wheel system hydraulic circuit 201F are controlled in the same manner.
- holding solenoid valves 212RL and 212RR related to rear wheel system hydraulic circuit 201R are controlled in the same manner, and pressure reducing solenoid valves 214RL and 214RR related to rear wheel system hydraulic circuit 201R are controlled in the same manner.
- a circuit configuration typically used in a brake-by-wire system represented by ECB may be employed.
- ECB Electrical Control Braking System
- a circuit configuration as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2006-103547 (however, the pressure reducing cut valve 90 can be omitted) may be employed.
- the “first hydraulic pressure generation source” and the “second hydraulic pressure generation source” in the claims are realized by the common one pump.
- the M / C cut valve may be an on / off valve.
- the front radar sensor 134 is used for detecting a front obstacle, but a camera may be used instead of or in addition to the front radar sensor 134.
- the front obstacle may be detected in cooperation with the front radar sensor 134 and the camera.
- the non-suppressing four-wheel automatic brake when it is determined that a collision is unavoidable, the non-suppressing four-wheel automatic brake is always executed. May be added. For example, when it is determined that a collision is inevitable and the possibility of spin is low (for example, when the steering wheel (steering angle) is maintained in a straight traveling direction), non-suppressing four-wheel automatic braking may be executed. . On the other hand, even if it is determined that the collision is unavoidable, if the possibility of spin is high, the rear wheel pressure increase suppression type four-wheel automatic brake may be executed.
- Control apparatus 100FL Left front wheel 100FR Right front wheel 100RL Left rear wheel 100RR Right rear wheel 134 Front radar sensor 136 Acceleration sensor 138FL, FR, RL, RR Wheel speed sensor 190 Brake pedal 200 Hydraulic circuit 201F Front wheel system hydraulic circuit 201R Rear wheel system hydraulic circuit 202 Master cylinder 204F, R master passage 205F, R flow path 206F, RM / C cut valve 208F, R high pressure flow path 210F, R pump flow path 212F, R holding solenoid valve 214F, R decompression solenoid Valve 216F, R Pressure reducing passage 224FL, FR, RL, RR Wheel cylinder 250F, R reservoir 260F, R pump 262F, R check valve 265 Master cylinder pressure sensor
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Abstract
Description
integrated circuit)、FPGA(Field Programmable Gate
Array)、DSP(digital signal processor)により実現されてもよい。また、制御装置10の機能は、複数のECUにより協動して実現されてもよい。
t≦GMAX/Jのとき、G=Jt、V=J×t2/2
GMAX/J<tのとき、G=GMAX、V=GMAX 2/(2J)+GMAX(t-GMAX/J)
この場合、t秒後の減速速度Vよりも大きい相対速度を衝突不可避な相対速度とみなして、衝突不可避判定マップを作成してもよい。或いは、減速速度Vを積分することにより相対距離を求めることで、相対距離をパラメータとした衝突不可避判定マップを作成してもよい。或いは、更に複雑なアルゴリズムとして、前方障害物の加速度等が考慮されてもよい。或いは、逆に、簡易的に、TTCが所定値未満となった場合に衝突不可避であると判定してもよい。
Stability Control)のような車両安定化制御では車輪毎に個別に制御されるが、上記ステップ502の4輪自動ブレーキは、系統毎の制御であり、同一系統内で異なる制御は実行されない。但し、上記ステップ502の後輪増圧抑制型4輪自動ブレーキの開始後に、ABS(anti-lock
brake system)や、VSCのような車両安定化制御が作動してもよい。この場合、後輪増圧抑制型4輪自動ブレーキが中止されてもよいし、後輪増圧抑制型4輪自動ブレーキを継続しつつ、かかる他の制御が実行されてもよい。後者の場合、M/Cカットバルブ206F、206Rについては後輪増圧抑制型4輪自動ブレーキ時と同様の制御を行いつつ、保持ソレノイドバルブ212FL、212FR、212RL、212RR、及び、減圧ソレノイドバルブ214FL、214FR、214RL、214RRについてABSや車両安定化制御の制御則に従った制御を実行することとしてもよい。
ΔT=Tt×(Qdiff/QF) 式(1)
尚、この算出方法を採用する場合、制御装置10は、例えば図5に示すステップ502の処理において、最終の油圧目標値Ptと図8及び図9に示した特性図に基づいて、所定遅延時間ΔTを算出してもよい。或いは、最終の油圧目標値Ptと、所定遅延時間ΔTとの関係は、予めマップとして作成され、メモリに記憶されてもよい。例えば、複数の最終の油圧目標値Pt(例えば、1Mpa、3Mpa、5Mpa、7Mpa)について、式(1)によりそれぞれ所定遅延時間ΔTを算出しておき、マップを作成してもよい。この場合、制御装置10は、最終の油圧目標値Ptに対応する所定遅延時間ΔTを読み出せばよい。尚、マップに規定されていない最終の油圧目標値については、それに近い2つの最終の油圧目標値に対応する所定遅延時間ΔTを補間することで、当該マップに規定されていない最終の油圧目標値に対応する所定遅延時間ΔTを算出してもよい。
所定遅延時間ΔTは、以下の式で算出されてもよい。
ΔT=Tt-TtR 式(2)
ここで、TtRは、消費油量QRが得られるまでに要するポンプ260Rの作動時間である。TtRは、図9に示したような特性図であって、後輪系統油圧回路201Rにおけるポンプ260Rの時間に対する吐出油量の特性図に基づいて、同様に算出されてよい。この場合も同様に、複数の最終の油圧目標値Pt(例えば、1Mpa、3Mpa、5Mpa、7Mpa)について、式(2)によりそれぞれ所定遅延時間ΔTを算出しておき、マップを作成してもよい。
10 制御装置
100FL 左前輪
100FR 右前輪
100RL 左後輪
100RR 右後輪
134 前方レーダセンサ
136 加速度センサ
138FL、FR、RL、RR 車輪速センサ
190 ブレーキペダル
200 油圧回路
201F 前輪系統油圧回路
201R 後輪系統油圧回路
202 マスタシリンダ
204F、R マスタ通路
205F、R 流路
206F、R M/Cカットバルブ
208F、R 高圧流路
210F、R ポンプ流路
212F、R 保持ソレノイドバルブ
214F、R 減圧ソレノイドバルブ
216F、R 減圧通路
224FL、FR、RL、RR ホイールシリンダ
250F、R リザーバ
260F、R ポンプ
262F、R 逆止弁
265 マスタシリンダ圧力センサ
Claims (6)
- 障害物との衝突の可能性の判定結果に応じて、前輪ブレーキ油圧の昇圧特性に対する後輪ブレーキ油圧の昇圧特性の関係を異ならせることを特徴とする、車両用制動装置。
- 障害物との衝突が不可避でないと判定された場合は、前輪ブレーキ油圧の昇圧特性に対する後輪ブレーキ油圧の昇圧特性の関係は、後輪のホイールシリンダ圧が前輪のホイールシリンダ圧よりも先に高くならない関係とされる、請求項1に記載の車両用制動装置。
- 障害物との衝突が不可避でないと判定された場合は、後輪のホイールシリンダ圧の昇圧開始タイミングを前輪のホイールシリンダ圧の昇圧開始タイミングより遅らせる、請求項2に記載の車両用制動装置。
- 障害物との衝突が不可避であると判定された場合は、前輪ブレーキ油圧の昇圧特性に対する後輪ブレーキ油圧の昇圧特性の関係は、後輪のホイールシリンダ圧が前輪のホイールシリンダ圧よりも先に高くなる関係とされる、請求項1~3のうちのいずれか1項に記載の車両用制動装置。
- 障害物との衝突が不可避であると判定された場合は、後輪のホイールシリンダ圧の昇圧開始タイミングを前輪のホイールシリンダ圧の昇圧開始タイミングと一致させる、請求項4に記載の車両用制動装置。
- 車両の前輪のホイールシリンダに油圧を供給する第1系統の油圧回路と、
車両の後輪のホイールシリンダに油圧を供給する第2系統の油圧回路と、
前記第1系統の油圧回路に設けられ、前記第1系統の油圧回路により前記前輪のホイールシリンダに供給される油圧を生成する第1油圧生成源と、
前記第1系統の油圧回路に設けられ、前記前輪のホイールシリンダ圧を可変する第1弁と、
前記第2系統の油圧回路に設けられ、前記第2系統の油圧回路により前記後輪のホイールシリンダに供給される油圧を生成する第2油圧生成源と、
前記第2系統の油圧回路に設けられ、前記後輪のホイールシリンダ圧を可変する第2弁と、
前記第1系統の油圧回路及び前記第2系統の油圧回路に接続され、運転者のブレーキペダルの操作に応じた油圧を発生する第3油圧生成源と、
所定の緊急減速が要求された場合に、運転者のブレーキペダルの操作に依存しない緊急制動制御を実行する制御装置とを備え、
前記緊急制動制御において、前記制御装置は、障害物との衝突が不可避でないと判定された場合は、後輪のホイールシリンダ圧が前輪のホイールシリンダ圧よりも先に高くならないように、前記第1弁及び前記第2弁を互いに異なる態様で制御して、又は、前記第1油圧生成源及び前記第2油圧生成源を互いに異なる態様で制御して、前記第1油圧生成源及び前記第2油圧生成源により生成された油圧に基づいて、前記第1系統の油圧回路及び前記第2系統の油圧回路により前記前輪のホイールシリンダ圧及び前記後輪のホイールシリンダ圧をそれぞれ昇圧し、
前記緊急制動制御において、前記制御装置は、障害物との衝突が不可避であると判定された場合は、前記第1弁及び前記第2弁を同一の態様で制御して、又は、前記第1油圧生成源及び前記第2油圧生成源を同一の態様で制御して、前記第1油圧生成源及び前記第2油圧生成源により生成された油圧に基づいて、前記第1系統の油圧回路及び前記第2系統の油圧回路により前記前輪のホイールシリンダ圧及び前記後輪のホイールシリンダ圧をそれぞれ昇圧することを特徴とする、車両用制動装置。
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