WO2006106644A1 - SiドープGaAs単結晶インゴットおよびその製造方法、並びに、当該SiドープGaAs単結晶インゴットから製造されたSiドープGaAs単結晶ウェハ - Google Patents
SiドープGaAs単結晶インゴットおよびその製造方法、並びに、当該SiドープGaAs単結晶インゴットから製造されたSiドープGaAs単結晶ウェハ Download PDFInfo
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- WO2006106644A1 WO2006106644A1 PCT/JP2006/306215 JP2006306215W WO2006106644A1 WO 2006106644 A1 WO2006106644 A1 WO 2006106644A1 JP 2006306215 W JP2006306215 W JP 2006306215W WO 2006106644 A1 WO2006106644 A1 WO 2006106644A1
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- single crystal
- gaas
- ingot
- raw material
- doped gaas
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- 229910001218 Gallium arsenide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 240
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 144
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 32
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title abstract description 4
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 143
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 claims description 62
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 claims description 62
- 235000012431 wafers Nutrition 0.000 claims description 56
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012812 sealant material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- -1 GaAs compound Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 63
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- JBRZTFJDHDCESZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N AsGa Chemical compound [As]#[Ga] JBRZTFJDHDCESZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 142
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 235000012489 doughnuts Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 6
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241001572175 Gaza Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon monoxide Chemical compound [Si-]#[O+] LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- AOGYCOYQMAVAFD-UHFFFAOYSA-M carbonochloridate Chemical compound [O-]C(Cl)=O AOGYCOYQMAVAFD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- JKWMSGQKBLHBQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N diboron trioxide Chemical compound O=BOB=O JKWMSGQKBLHBQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003028 elevating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006911 nucleation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002250 progressing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B29/00—Single crystals or homogeneous polycrystalline material with defined structure characterised by the material or by their shape
- C30B29/10—Inorganic compounds or compositions
- C30B29/40—AIIIBV compounds wherein A is B, Al, Ga, In or Tl and B is N, P, As, Sb or Bi
- C30B29/42—Gallium arsenide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B11/00—Single-crystal growth by normal freezing or freezing under temperature gradient, e.g. Bridgman-Stockbarger method
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B27/00—Single-crystal growth under a protective fluid
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
- Y10T428/24355—Continuous and nonuniform or irregular surface on layer or component [e.g., roofing, etc.]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/26—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component, the element or component having a specified physical dimension
- Y10T428/268—Monolayer with structurally defined element
Definitions
- Si-doped GaAs single crystal ingot method of manufacturing the same, and Si-doped GaAs single crystal wafer manufactured from the Si-doped GaAs single-crystal ingot
- the present invention relates to a Si-doped GaAs single crystal ingot (hereinafter referred to as an ingot) for manufacturing a GaAs single crystal wafer (hereinafter sometimes referred to as a GaAs wafer) that is a material of a GaAs device. And a manufacturing method thereof, and a Si-doped GaAs single crystal wafer manufactured from the Si-doped GaAs single crystal ingot.
- an ingot for manufacturing a GaAs single crystal wafer (hereinafter sometimes referred to as a GaAs wafer) that is a material of a GaAs device.
- a manufacturing method thereof and a Si-doped GaAs single crystal wafer manufactured from the Si-doped GaAs single crystal ingot.
- the vertical boat method (vertical temperature gradient method (VGF method) is used to manufacture n-type conductive GaAs single crystal ingots for manufacturing GaAs wafers, which are the materials of GaAs (gallium arsenide) devices. ) And vertical Bridgman method (VB method)).
- n-type conductive ingot for example, Si is added as a dopant to a GaAs single crystal in order to provide carriers to the ingot.
- Si is added as a dopant to a GaAs single crystal in order to provide carriers to the ingot.
- B 2 O acid boron
- Patent Document 1 A phenomenon occurs in which the density is controlled. As a result, it has been difficult to always stably produce an ingot having a desired and preferable carrier concentration distribution.
- Patent Document 2 the present inventors proposed adding an appropriate amount of Si in advance to the liquid sealant.
- Patent Document 2 the liquid sealant was stirred. However, it was proposed to manufacture ingots.
- Patent Document 3 a GaAs raw material synthesized in a shape that substantially matches the internal shape of the crucible. After installing in the crucible and further installing BO in the crucible, heat the crucible.
- Patent Document 4 it is not necessary to form a furnace temperature distribution for uniform dopant concentration. Therefore, the seed crystal, raw material, and liquid sealant are put into a bottomed cylindrical growth vessel, and the raw material is heated at a predetermined temperature distribution by an electric furnace heating element provided so as to surround the growth vessel.
- a compound semiconductor single crystal is grown in the vertical direction, and a block-shaped raw material is perforated, and a dopant charged therein is placed in the growth vessel as the raw material. It is proposed to grow n-type or p-type compound semiconductor single crystals.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Publication No. 3-57079
- Patent Document 2 JP 2000-109400 A
- Patent Document 3 Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2004-137096
- Patent Document 4 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2004-345888
- GaAs wafers having a carrier concentration within a predetermined range and higher crystallinity have been demanded.
- the crystallinity of the GaAs wafer is evaluated by the etch pit density per unit area (hereinafter sometimes referred to as EPD), but the average EPD is 50 or less Zcm 2 , and even 10 Zcm 2 A GaAs wafer having the following crystallinity has been demanded.
- EPD etch pit density per unit area
- the EPD becomes high especially in the latter half of the ingot growth, and the productivity of the GaAs wafer cannot be increased. There was a problem that the manufacturing cost of the GaAs wafer was high.
- the problem to be solved by the present invention is that a Si-doped GaAs single crystal ingot having a low crystallinity value and good crystallinity evaluated by EPD, a method for producing the same, and the Si-doped GaAs single crystal ingot The second half of the growth of the production of Si-doped GaAs single crystal wafers.
- the present inventors evaluated the Si-doped GaAs single crystal ingot in the prior art method by doping Si as a dopant with the EPD of the ingot. We conducted intensive research on the cause of the decrease in crystallinity. As a result of the research, the above-mentioned liquid sealant B 2 O and S added as a dopant
- the low melting point B O force When heated, the low melting point B O force is applied first, then flows through the GaAs source mass and comes into contact with the Si piece.
- This scum is Si
- the present inventors examined a method for suppressing the occurrence of scum in order to improve the crystallinity evaluated by EPD of an ingot. As a result, the molten B 2 O and the Si piece come into contact
- the present invention has been completed by conceiving that it is effective to physically prevent this. [0014] That is, the first means for solving the problem is:
- the carrier concentration in the portion where the solidification rate of the ingot is 0.1 is CO. 1
- the carrier concentration in the distribution of the solidification rate power ⁇ 0.8 is CO. 8, CO. 8 / C0. 1 ⁇ 2 Si-doped GaAs, characterized in that in the region where the solidification rate is 0.1 or more and 0.8 or less, the average crystallinity value evaluated by the etch pit density is 50 Zcm 2 or less. It is a single crystal ingot.
- the second means is:
- the third means is:
- Si-doped GaAs single crystal ingot characterized in that in the region where the solidification rate is 0.1 or more and 0.8 or less, the average crystallinity value evaluated by etch pit density is 10 Zcm 2 or less. It is.
- the fourth means is:
- the Si-doped GaAs single crystal ingot according to any one of the first to third means, wherein the carrier concentration is 1.0 in a region where the solidification rate in the ingot is 0.1 or more and 0.8 or less. It is a Si-doped GaAs single crystal ingot characterized by X 10 17 Zcm 3 or more and 1.0 X 10 19 Zcm 3 or less.
- the fifth means is:
- the Si-doped GaAs single crystal wafer manufactured with a region force of the solidification rate of 0.6 or more and 0.8 or less.
- Patent that an average power 50 or ZCM 2 following values of crystallinity evaluated in etch pit density Si-doped GaAs single crystal wafer.
- the sixth means is:
- the seventh means is:
- the eighth means is:
- GaAs raw material, Si as dopant raw material, and B 2 O as liquid sealing agent raw material are placed and heated to melt these raw materials and onto the GaAs raw material melt layer.
- the ninth means is:
- the method for producing a Si-doped GaAs single crystal ingot according to the eighth means wherein the crucible is heated to melt the GaAs raw material, the dopant raw material, and the liquid sealant raw material, and then the liquid is mixed by the stirring means.
- This is a method for producing a Si-doped GaAs single crystal ingot characterized by growing a GaAs single crystal while stirring the sealant.
- the ingot having the configuration of the first means has a partial force of 0.1 with a solidification rate of 0.1.
- a GaAs wafer having good crystallinity can be manufactured from a wide area.
- the ingot having the configuration of the second means has a small carrier concentration fluctuation force S in addition to the first means. As a result, we were able to manufacture high quality GaAs wafers with high productivity.
- a GaAs wafer having further improved crystallinity has a partial force of 0.1 at a solidification rate of 0.8. It was possible to produce a wide range of area power.
- the ingot having the configuration of the fourth means has a solidification rate in addition to the first to third means.
- the average force of the crystallinity value evaluated by the etch pit density is 50 pieces / cm 2 or less as compared with the conventional technique.
- the productivity of GaAs wafers with excellent crystallinity was improved by approximately 40%.
- the GaAs wafer having the configuration of the sixth means is a GaAs wafer having crystallinity further improved in addition to the fifth means.
- the GaAs wafer having the configuration of the seventh means is suitable for the manufacture of a semiconductor device in which conductivity is required for a wafer used for a laser diode or a light-emitting diode in addition to the fifth or sixth means. GaAs wafer.
- ingots having a small carrier concentration fluctuation range could be grown over a wide solidification rate region in addition to the eighth means. .
- the ingot according to the present invention is an ingot for manufacturing a GaAs wafer.
- the solidification rate in the ingot is the weight of an appropriate cut portion at the side end of the seed crystal in the ingot and the total ingot when assuming an appropriate transverse cut surface perpendicular to the growth direction of the ingot. It is a ratio to the weight.
- the solidification rate means that the appropriate cut surface starts cooling the GaAs raw material melted in the crucible installed in the crystal growth apparatus and comes into contact with the GaAs seed crystal. This parameter indicates how much solidification accompanying the ingot growth has progressed in the process of solidification starting from the side and growing the ingot. Therefore, if the solidified state of the entire GaAs raw material is 0, the solidified state is 1 and the solidified state progressing from the seed crystal side to 50% of the total GaAs raw material, The solidification rate is 0.5.
- the total weight of the ingot, the weight of an appropriate cut portion at the side end of the seed crystal in the ingot, and the total weight of the ingot are brought into contact with the seed crystal.
- the solidification rate power when crystallizing ⁇ which corresponds to the cut portion at the time of shoes, is determined by calculating the carrier concentration at the cut portion when the solidification rate is 0.1. 1.
- the carrier concentration in the cut portion when the solidification rate is 0.8 is CO.8, CO.8 / C0.1.
- the GaAs wafer having the carrier concentration and the crystallinity described above was manufactured from a region covering at least a partial force of 0.6 with a solidification rate of 0.1.
- the productivity of the GaAs wafer can be improved by approximately 40% or more. done.
- the ingot according to the present invention has a configuration in which CO. 8 / C0. 1 ⁇ 1. 4 is used, so that a high quality GaAs wafer with a small carrier concentration fluctuation range can be obtained.
- the productivity of the GaAs wafer is generally reduced. It was possible to improve more than 40%.
- the average of the crystallinity values evaluated by the etch pit density is 10 Zcm 2 or less.
- the ingot according to the present invention in addition to the above, a 3 carbonochloridate 1. 0 X 10 19 of the fourth power ZSi concentration of B concentration less than the saturation dissolution amount of B in the GaAs melt
- the concentration is reduced to a low concentration, and the low B concentration makes it possible to manufacture GaAs wafers with high productivity. Since B has a property of absorbing light, the characteristics of the optical element can be improved by reducing the concentration of B in the optical element, which is a preferable configuration.
- the ingot according to the present invention has a carrier concentration of 1.0 X 10 in addition to the above-described configuration.
- the GaAs wafer manufactured from the ingot is suitable for laser diode applications and light emitting diode applications, and is preferably configured.
- FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a schematic configuration of the crystal growth apparatus 1.
- FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the crucible 11.
- the crystal growth apparatus 1 manufactures a GaAs single crystal by a vertical temperature gradient (VGF) method, which is one of the vertical boat methods.
- VVF vertical temperature gradient
- a crucible 11 is arranged in the center of the inside of the airtight container 10.
- the crucible 11 has a cylindrical part 12 with an open upper end and a lower part of the cylindrical part 12.
- a seed crystal part 14 for inserting a seed crystal is formed at the apex part of the cone part 13 (the lowermost part of the crucible 11).
- the seed crystal portion 14 is closed with a cap 50.
- the crucible 11 is stored in a cylindrical crucible storage container 20 whose bottom is closed.
- the crucible storage container 20 is supported on the upper end of the rod 21.
- the lower end of the rod 21 protrudes below the hermetic container 10 via a seal ring 22 mounted on the lower surface of the hermetic container 10, and a rotary lifting mechanism 23 is connected thereto.
- the operation of the rotary elevating mechanism 23 enables the crucible storage container 20 and the crucible 11 to be integrally rotated and raised / lowered via the rod 21.
- the inside of the airtight container 10 is kept airtight by the seal ring 22!
- a plurality of heaters 25 are arranged at each height so as to surround the crucible storage container 20.
- the heater 25 at each height can be independently controlled in temperature, and can form a desired temperature gradient and temperature distribution in the vertical direction in the hermetic container 10.
- the outer side of the heater 25 is surrounded by a heat insulating material 26 so that the heat of the heater 25 is effectively transferred to the crucible container 20.
- the seed crystal portion 14 is closed with the cap 50, and furthermore, substantially matches the internal shape of the crucible.
- Si-containing GaAs raw material will be further described.
- FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the GaAs compound material 31A before storing Si in the Si-containing GaAs material.
- the GaAs compound material 31 A is composed of a cylindrical portion 35 and a truncated cone portion 36 disposed at the lower end of the cylindrical portion 35.
- the diameter d of the cylindrical portion 35 is equal to or smaller than the inner diameter of the cylindrical portion 12 of the crucible 11, and the height h of the cylindrical portion 35 is set to be equal to or smaller than the height of the cylindrical portion 12 of the crucible 11.
- the truncated cone part 36 has an inclination angle that just enters the inside of the cone part 13 of the crucible 11.
- FIG. 4 is a raw material for synthesizing a GaAs compound raw material 31 in a synthetic crucible 40 having the same internal shape as the crucible 11 shown in FIG.
- FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view when a raw material 42 and a liquid sealant 32 such as BO are charged (charged).
- the crucible 40 is made of a material having necessary heat resistance and poor reactivity with the raw material melt, such as boron nitride (BN) material.
- BN boron nitride
- the crucible 40 for synthesizing the GaAs compound raw material 31 as described above may be the crucible 11 itself for crystal growth in the crystal growth apparatus 1.
- a spacer 46 is arranged in the seed crystal portion 45 of the crucible 40 instead of the seed crystal 30.
- the material of the spacer 46 is also a material having necessary heat resistance and poor reactivity with the raw material melt, such as boron nitride (BN) material.
- Spacer 46 stores Si in the manufactured GaAs compound raw material 31 A as described later, and when Si is stored as GaAs raw material 31 B in crucible 11, the lower end of truncated cone portion 36 is It plays the role of adjusting the height of the lower end of the truncated cone 36 so as not to push down the seed crystal 30 inserted in the seed crystal part 14 of the crucible 11. As shown in the figure, when the crucible 40 having an open lower end is used, the opening of the lower end of the crucible 40 can be closed by inserting the spacer 46 with a downward force of the crucible 40.
- the Ga raw material 41 and As raw material 42, the liquid sealing agent 32 and the like charged into the crucible 40 are melted by calorie heating, and then solidified and synthesized.
- the GaAs compound raw material 31 A as shown in FIG. 3 can be obtained.
- heating and cooling do not necessarily have to be under the same conditions as in manufacturing the ingot 33.
- it may be cooled at a high speed to synthesize GaAs compound raw material 31A and solidify it into a polycrystal.
- the vertical temperature gradient method is used from the bottom of the crucible 40 as in the case of manufacturing the ingot 33. It is desirable to solidify in one direction toward the top.
- FIG. 5 is a perspective view when the dopant raw material is installed on the GaAs compound raw material.
- the center of the GaAs compound material becomes lower than the average temperature of the GaAs compound material.
- the dopant raw material is installed in the section.
- the location where the dopant material is installed should be lower than the average value of the temperature distribution in the growth direction at the center axis of the material when the GaAs compound material is actually heated and melted. Set to.
- the average crystallinity value evaluated by the etch pit density is 10 Zcm 2 or less. This is because an ingot having high crystallinity can be produced.
- the method for obtaining the average temperature of the GaAs compound raw material and the method for obtaining the location of the dopant raw material will be described later.
- the GaAs donut plate 37 has the same composition as the GaAs compound raw material 31, the same outer diameter as the cylindrical portion 35, the thickness is, for example, 10 mm, and the diameter of the donut-shaped inner hole 38 is, for example, 20 mm. is there.
- Si39 as a predetermined dopant material is accommodated in the donut-shaped inner hole 38.
- the thickness of the GaAs doughnut plate 37 and the diameter of the donut-shaped inner hole 38 are set such that the dopant 39 can be accommodated in the inner hole 38.
- the dopant raw material is placed on the GaAs compound raw material, the raw material is charged into the crucible of the crystal growth apparatus. This charging will be described with reference to FIG. Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of the GaAs compound raw material charged in the crucible of the crystal growth apparatus.
- the Si-containing GaAs raw material 31B in which Si39 surrounded by the GaAs donut plate 37 is installed is put into the crucible 11 of the crystal growth apparatus 1.
- the raw material of the liquid sealant 32 is also installed on the upper part of the Si-containing GaAs raw material 31B.
- a seed crystal 30 is inserted into the seed crystal portion 14 of the crucible 11. In this case, if the crucible 11 is opened at the bottom as shown in FIG. 6, the seed crystal 30 may be inserted into the lower force and the opening may be closed with the cap 50. Thereby, the seed crystal 30 can be easily arranged in the seed crystal portion 14.
- 31 storage 0 & 8 3 raw materials 31 can be poured into the crucible 11 with substantially no gap.
- the spacer 46 was disposed in the seed crystal part 45 of the crucible 40, so that the frustum portion Since the height of the lower end of 36 is adjusted, when the Si-containing GaAs raw material 31B is charged into the crucible 11 in FIG. 6, the lower end force of the truncated cone portion 36 is inserted into the seed crystal portion 14 of the crucible 11. There is no worry of pushing down the seed crystal 30.
- the Si-containing GaAs raw material 31B is put into the crucible 11, and the seed crystal 30 is inserted into the seed crystal portion 14, and the crucible 11 is set in the crucible storage container 20 to be airtight.
- the inside of the container 10 is increased to a predetermined pressure and then heated by the heater 25 to create a predetermined temperature distribution, and the entire Si-containing GaAs raw material 31 B is heated.
- the B concentration in the raw material melt is low and no scum is generated.
- the concentration of B in the entire ingot is low and the occurrence of scum and As a result, it was possible to grow an ingot 33 having a desired carrier concentration throughout the ingot and having good crystallinity as evaluated by the EPD value.
- the ingot 33 may be grown while the crucible 11 is rotated and moved up and down by the operation of the rotary lifting mechanism 23.
- the ingot 33 is cooled, and the internal force of the crucible 11 is taken out.
- the concentration of B in the melt can be reduced, and scum formation and coarsening can be suppressed. Therefore, even in the latter half of the ingot growth, the crystallinity evaluated by the etch pitch density can be reduced.
- the average of the values could be 10 or Zcm 2 below.
- the ingot was evaluated by etch pit density in the region where the solidification rate was 0.6 or more and 0.8 or less. An ingot having an average force of 10 crystallinity values of less than Zcm 2 could be produced.
- the relationship between the present invention and the solidification rate in the ingot will be briefly described.
- the solidification rate is, for example, a solidification rate of 0.1 to less than 0.6, which is a real product
- the disorder of crystal growth including the generation of etch pits is compared.
- the solidification rate is 0.6 or more, disorder of crystal growth has become prominent.
- the ingot 33 manufactured by the above-described manufacturing method has a low dislocation density of, for example, a maximum dislocation density of 200 pieces Zcm 2 or less and an average of 10 pieces or less Zcm 2 .
- the shape of the Si-containing GaAs material 31B is not necessarily the same as that of the ingot 33. However, the Si-containing GaAs material before melting (before the Si-containing GaAs material 31B is heated and melted in the crystal growth apparatus 1). 31B surface area force The Si containing GaAs raw material 31B should be less than 5 times the surface area of the ingot 33 manufactured using 31B.
- the surface area of the Si-containing GaAs raw material 31B before melting is 5 times or less the surface area of the ingot 33 produced from it, fluctuations in the GaZAs ratio can be suppressed, and the ingot 33 grown by this effect can also be suppressed. This is because an ingot 33 having a low dislocation density can be stably produced while suppressing the occurrence rate of dislocation. Further, by adopting this configuration, the amount of input per unit volume to the crucible 11 can be increased, and the production efficiency can be improved. In order to obtain a lower dislocation density ingot 33 with a more stable GaZAs ratio, the surface area of the Si-containing GaAs raw material 31B before melting should be less than twice the surface area of the ingot 33 produced therefrom. More desirable is less than 5 times.
- the ingot produced by the method has a solidification rate of 0.6 or more and 0.8 or less, and the B concentration is the fourth power of the ZSi concentration and the ingot is 1.0 X 10 19 It turned out to be.
- the B concentration is the fourth power of the ZSi concentration and the ingot is 1.0 X 10 19 It turned out to be.
- a GaAs compound raw material 31 containing a predetermined dopant 39 is obtained. Therefore, instead of using the GaAs doughnut plate 37 described above, a hole having a predetermined diameter and depth is provided below the GaAs compound raw material 31, and a predetermined predetermined dopant is provided in the hole. After the 39 is stored, the perforations may be closed with a GaAs compound material.
- FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the crystal growth apparatus 101 having the configuration of the crystal growth apparatus 1 described with reference to FIG. 1 and having a stirring member. 7, parts having the same configuration as that described in FIG. 1 are given the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted.
- a through hole is formed in the upper portion of the airtight container 10 to allow the upper rod 102 to pass therethrough.
- a seal ring 111 is fitted in the through hole, and the upper rod 102 is vertically moved while maintaining the airtightness of the airtight container 10. And you will be able to rotate.
- the upper rod 102 can be precisely moved up and down and rotated by a drive mechanism (not shown).
- a rotary shaft 121 is connected to the tip of the upper rod 102, and a stirring plate 110 is connected to the rotary shaft 121.
- the stirring member 120 is attached.
- the lowermost part of the members constituting the stirring plate 110 is referred to as a stirring plate lower end 119.
- the stirring plate 110 is preferably made of a material having necessary heat resistance and hardly reacting with the raw material melt, such as carbon (C) or pBN (PyrolyticBN).
- the B 2 O layer which is the liquid sealing material 32, is agitated by the agitating member 20, and thus excellent.
- the melted portion 31 of GaAs in which Si melted in the crucible 11 has diffused begins to solidify from the portion in contact with the seed crystal 30.
- the dopant Si exists in the melt part more than the solidification part according to its segregation coefficient.
- the carrier concentration CO. 1 at a solidification rate of 0.1. It is thought that this is the cause of the carrier concentration distribution of the ratio CO.8 / C0.1.
- the inventors of the present application forcibly agitated the liquid sealing material 32 using the agitating member 120, and kept the Si in the melt portion to the liquid sealing material 32 while maintaining a predetermined ratio.
- Si in the melt is absorbed by BO which is a liquid sealant, the above reaction formula
- the crystallinity evaluated by the etch pit density Si-doped GaAs single crystal ingots with an average value of 10 Zcm 2 or less could be manufactured.
- Fig. 8 is a graph plotting the temperature at each position of the GaAs compound raw material, with the horizontal axis representing the temperature and the vertical axis representing the distance from the contact point between the frustoconical part and the seed crystal of the GaAs compound material. It is. For reference, a cross section of a GaAs compound raw material is shown on the left side of the graph.
- the predetermined point ⁇ force in the raw material is at a constant temperature a ° C, and the contact point between the truncated cone 36 and the seed crystal is the same as or slightly higher than the melting point of the seed crystal.
- the temperature is set to b ° C.
- the temperature profile z of the raw material has a temperature rising part X and a temperature constant part y.
- the temperature profile z is obtained by melting the raw material in advance, inserting a thermocouple in the center, and moving it up and down, and heating the heater that can obtain the desired temperature profile z.
- the average temperature (ave) ° C can be obtained by the following equation.
- the dopant raw material is in the position below ⁇ or ⁇ . It is preferable to install. That is, the dopant raw material is placed in the central portion of the GaAs raw material that has a temperature lower than the average value of the temperature of the GaAs compound raw material.
- the present invention described above can be applied not only to the vertical temperature gradient method but also to other methods such as the vertical Bridgman method, and is not limited to the vertical boat method. In the present invention, the present invention can be applied.
- GaAs composite materials were synthesized in another synthesis furnace (crucible).
- the value obtained by dividing the surface area of the synthesized GaAs compound raw material by the surface area of the GaAs single crystal grown using the GaAs compound raw material is 1.05.
- the synthesized GaAs compound raw material was cut and adjusted, and further cut into a cylindrical portion and a conical portion.
- the cut portion was sandwiched with a GaAs compound raw material having a donut shape having the same outer diameter as the cylindrical portion and containing Si dopant in the inner hole of the donut.
- This sandwiching position was 1298 ° C when the average temperature (ave) ° C was obtained from the temperature profile when heating the GaAs compound raw material described later, so it was lower than the position corresponding to this temperature (this The temperature at the position was calculated as 1281 ° C.)
- the total weight of the GaAs compound material was 6.9 kg, and the amount of Si dopant was 200 wtppm.
- the crucible prepared in this way is used as a crucible storage container of a single crystal growth apparatus.
- the raw material was heated with a heater.
- the temperature distribution at that time was 1270 ° C at the contact point between the truncated cone and the seed crystal, and the upper part of the predetermined point ⁇ force was set at a constant temperature of 1310 ° C.
- the average temperature (ave) ° C became 1298 ° C. Therefore, a region where the temperature is 1298 ° C or lower was determined from the temperature profile, and Si dopant was stored in the region.
- the position is set to a position of 1281 ° C.
- the melt was solidified and crystals were grown by the vertical temperature gradient method with the liquid sealant placed on top of the raw material melt.
- a stirring blade was placed in the liquid sealing agent while maintaining a distance of 5 mm from the interface between the raw material and the liquid sealing agent, and the mixture was rotated at 2 rpm for stirring growth.
- the temperature gradient at the interface between the melt and the solidified crystal was 3 ° CZcm, and the rate of rise at the interface between the melt and the solidified crystal was 3 mmZhr.
- the dislocation density was measured by slicing and polishing the ingot perpendicular to the growth direction and immersing in KOH at 300 ° C. In the region where the solidification rate in the ingot was 0.6 or more and 0.8 or less.
- the crystallinity value evaluated by the etch pit density was 9 pieces Zcm 2 .
- the value of B concentration to the fourth power ZSi concentration to the third power in the same region is 0.87 X 10 1
- the crystallinity value evaluated by the etch pit density is 0 to: L0 pieces Zcm 2 and the B concentration is the fourth power.
- the value of the third power of the ZSi concentration was 0.65 ⁇ 10 19 to 0.89 ⁇ 10 19 / cm 3 .
- Example 2 The same equipment and materials as described in Example 1 were used, but when the Si dopant was sandwiched between the GaAs compound materials, it was placed at a position of 1327 ° C instead of a position of 1281 ° C. Thereafter, the same operation as in Example 1 was performed to manufacture a GaAs ingot.
- the crystallinity value evaluated by the pitch pit density was 10 pieces / cm 2 .
- the value of the fourth power of the B concentration and the third power of the ZSi concentration in this region was 0.93 ⁇ 10 19 Zcm 3 .
- Example 2 The same test as in Example 2 described above was repeated 10 times, and the same measurement was performed. As a result, CO. 8 / CO. 1 ⁇ 1.4 in all cases. Then, the value of the crystallinity was evaluated by the etch pit density, 0: was L0 pieces ZCM 2.
- Example 2 The same equipment and raw materials as described in Example 1 are used, but the GaAs compound raw material is put into a crucible of a single crystal growth apparatus as a crushed raw material without being synthesized in another synthesis furnace, and Si The dopant was also normally charged into the crushed raw material. The amount of Si dopant input at this time was 280 wtppm.
- Example 2 Other conditions were the same as in Example 1 to obtain a GaAs ingot.
- the crystallinity value evaluated by the etch pit density was 250 Zcm 2 .
- the value of the fourth power of the B concentration and the third power of the ZSi concentration in this region was 130 ⁇ 10 19 Zcm 3 .
- the GaAs compound raw material was synthesized in another synthesis furnace to obtain a GaAs compound raw material, but the Si dopant raw material was not stored in the lower part of the GaAs compound raw material, Normal charging was performed. The amount of Si dopant input at this time was 260 wtppm. Also, stirring operation is performed The ingot was obtained by performing the same operation using the same apparatus and raw materials as described in Example 1 except that crystal growth was performed.
- the crystallinity value evaluated by the etch pit density was 45 Zcm 2 .
- the value of the fourth power of the B concentration and the third power of the ZSi concentration in the same region was 2.5 ⁇ 10 19 Zcm 3 .
- Example 1 the GaAs compound raw material was synthesized in another synthesis furnace to obtain a GaAs compound raw material, but the Si dopant raw material was not stored in the lower part of the GaAs compound raw material, Normal charging was performed. The amount of Si dopant input at this time was 260 wtppm. Other than that, an ingot was obtained by performing the same operation using the same apparatus and raw materials as described in Example 1.
- the crystallinity value evaluated by the etch pit density was 75 Zcm 2 .
- the value of the fourth power of the B concentration and the third power of the ZSi concentration in the same region was 3.2 ⁇ 10 19 Zcm 3 .
- the crystallinity value evaluated by the etch pit density is 65 to 360 pieces Zcm 2
- the B concentration is the fourth power ZSi
- the concentration cubed value is 3 0 X 10 19 to 16 X 10 19 Zcm 3 .
- Example 1 The same equipment and materials as described in Example 1 are used, but when the Si dopant is sandwiched between GaAs compound materials, the position is not at 1281 ° C but at 1310 ° C (described in FIG. 8). Installed at the position of ⁇ ). Thereafter, the same operation as in Example 1 was performed to produce an ingot.
- the carrier concentration of the resulting ingot was 0.9 x 10 18 / cm 2 in the region with a solidification rate of 0.1 (CO. 1) and 1. l in the region with a solidification rate of 0.8 (CO. 8).
- X 10 18 Zcm 2 , CO. 8 / C0. 1 1.2
- the crystallinity value evaluated by the etch pit density was 69 Zcm 2 .
- FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a crystal growth apparatus.
- FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of a crucible.
- FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a GaAs compound material raw material before Si is stored.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a GaAs compound raw material synthesis crucible when Ga raw material, As raw material and the like are charged.
- FIG. 5 is a perspective view when a dopant raw material is installed on a GaAs compound raw material.
- FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a GaAs compound raw material charged in a crucible of a crystal growth apparatus.
- FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a crystal growth apparatus having a stirring member.
- FIG. 8 is a graph showing the temperature at each position of the GaAs compound raw material.
- GaAs compound raw material 31B GaAs compound raw material 31B.
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Description
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Priority Applications (4)
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US11/887,573 US20090098377A1 (en) | 2005-03-31 | 2006-03-28 | Si-Doped GaAs Single Crystal Ingot and Process for Producing the Same, and Si-Doped GaAs Single Crystal Wafer Produced From Si-Doped GaAs Single Crystal Ingot |
JP2007512525A JP5111104B2 (ja) | 2005-03-31 | 2006-03-28 | SiドープGaAs単結晶インゴットおよびその製造方法 |
DE112006000771T DE112006000771B4 (de) | 2005-03-31 | 2006-03-28 | Si-dotierter GaAs-Einkristallingot und Verfahren zur Herstellung desselbigen, und Si-dotierter GaAs-Einkristallwafer, der aus Si-dotiertem GaAs-Einkristallingot hergestellt wird |
US12/926,077 US8986446B2 (en) | 2005-03-31 | 2010-10-25 | Si-doped GaAs single crystal ingot and process for producing the same, and Si-doped GaAs single crystal wafer produced from Si-doped GaAs single crystal ingot |
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JP2005-104995 | 2005-03-31 | ||
JP2005104995 | 2005-03-31 |
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US11/887,573 A-371-Of-International US20090098377A1 (en) | 2005-03-31 | 2006-03-28 | Si-Doped GaAs Single Crystal Ingot and Process for Producing the Same, and Si-Doped GaAs Single Crystal Wafer Produced From Si-Doped GaAs Single Crystal Ingot |
US12/926,077 Division US8986446B2 (en) | 2005-03-31 | 2010-10-25 | Si-doped GaAs single crystal ingot and process for producing the same, and Si-doped GaAs single crystal wafer produced from Si-doped GaAs single crystal ingot |
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WO2006106644A1 true WO2006106644A1 (ja) | 2006-10-12 |
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PCT/JP2006/306215 WO2006106644A1 (ja) | 2005-03-31 | 2006-03-28 | SiドープGaAs単結晶インゴットおよびその製造方法、並びに、当該SiドープGaAs単結晶インゴットから製造されたSiドープGaAs単結晶ウェハ |
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US (2) | US20090098377A1 (ja) |
JP (2) | JP5111104B2 (ja) |
DE (1) | DE112006000771B4 (ja) |
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WO (1) | WO2006106644A1 (ja) |
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JP2010526755A (ja) * | 2007-05-09 | 2010-08-05 | エーエックスティー,インコーポレーテッド | エッチピット密度(epd)が低い半絶縁性のiii−v族ウェハ |
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JP5111104B2 (ja) * | 2005-03-31 | 2012-12-26 | Dowaエレクトロニクス株式会社 | SiドープGaAs単結晶インゴットおよびその製造方法 |
US8361225B2 (en) | 2007-05-09 | 2013-01-29 | Axt, Inc. | Low etch pit density (EPD) semi-insulating III-V wafers |
JP5664239B2 (ja) | 2009-01-20 | 2015-02-04 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | 導電性GaAs単結晶と導電性GaAs単結晶基板およびそれらの作製方法 |
TWM423906U (en) * | 2011-04-12 | 2012-03-01 | Dingten Ind Inc | Vertical type high temperature and high pressure furnace structure |
JP5433632B2 (ja) * | 2011-05-25 | 2014-03-05 | Dowaエレクトロニクス株式会社 | GaAs単結晶の製造方法およびGaAs単結晶ウェハ |
JP6394838B1 (ja) * | 2017-07-04 | 2018-09-26 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | ヒ化ガリウム結晶体およびヒ化ガリウム結晶基板 |
DE102019208389A1 (de) * | 2019-06-07 | 2020-12-10 | Freiberger Compound Materials Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Restspannungs- und versetzungsfreien AIII-BV-Substratwafern |
WO2021005731A1 (ja) * | 2019-07-10 | 2021-01-14 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | ヒ化ガリウム単結晶基板 |
JP7216340B2 (ja) | 2019-09-06 | 2023-02-01 | 株式会社Sumco | シリコン単結晶の育成方法およびシリコン単結晶の引き上げ装置 |
CN115698395A (zh) * | 2020-06-12 | 2023-02-03 | 同和电子科技有限公司 | GaAs晶锭及GaAs晶锭的制造方法、以及GaAs晶圆 |
CN119948213A (zh) * | 2022-09-21 | 2025-05-06 | 同和电子科技有限公司 | GaAs晶锭的制造方法和GaAs晶锭 |
JP7576672B2 (ja) | 2022-09-21 | 2024-10-31 | Dowaエレクトロニクス株式会社 | GaAsインゴットの製造方法及びGaAsインゴット |
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2006
- 2006-03-28 JP JP2007512525A patent/JP5111104B2/ja active Active
- 2006-03-28 DE DE112006000771T patent/DE112006000771B4/de active Active
- 2006-03-28 US US11/887,573 patent/US20090098377A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2006-03-28 WO PCT/JP2006/306215 patent/WO2006106644A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2006-03-31 TW TW095111439A patent/TW200722562A/zh unknown
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TW200722562A (en) | 2007-06-16 |
US20090098377A1 (en) | 2009-04-16 |
TWI359884B (ja) | 2012-03-11 |
DE112006000771T5 (de) | 2008-02-21 |
JP5216123B2 (ja) | 2013-06-19 |
US20110059294A1 (en) | 2011-03-10 |
DE112006000771B4 (de) | 2012-05-31 |
JP2012006829A (ja) | 2012-01-12 |
JP5111104B2 (ja) | 2012-12-26 |
JPWO2006106644A1 (ja) | 2008-09-11 |
US8986446B2 (en) | 2015-03-24 |
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