SU1350171A1 - Method of producing hard soap - Google Patents

Abstract

This invention relates to soap production and relates to sport. Soaps of solid household soap. The aim of the invention is to improve the quality of the car. This goal is achieved by using a mixture of high-titanium natural and synthetic fatty acids and low-fatty acids in a ratio from 4: 1 to 6: 1. Moreover, grinding is carried out at a temperature of from 40 to 60 ° C to sodium chloride content from 2 to 11% by weight of synthetic fatty acids of fraction C, spraying is carried out at a speed of from 430 to 470 g / s, and titanium is introduced into the finished soap base. whitewash, and in soap shavings - perfume. 2 hp f-ly, 2 tab.p, i (L co

Description

eleven

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to soap production and relates to a process for the preparation of solid household soap.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality of the soap.

The method is carried out as follows.

A 28% carbonate soda solution is loaded into the soap boiler and, with continuous stirring, a composition of natural and synthetic acids, a mixture of high-titrated natural and synthetic acids and low-volume natural fatty acids, is added with live steam, and high-titre fatty acids are used salomas, palm stearin fatty acids, synthetic fatty acids of C, G fraction Low fatty acids are soap stock acids. The ratio of high and low titer acids is from 4: 1 to 6: 1. The feed rate of the composition of acids 2 tons / h. At the end of the carbonate saponification, the mass is added with a 42% solution of caustic soda to a free alkali content of 0.5% and salted out with dry table salt.

After salting out, the mass with continuous stirring with hot steam is polished with water heated to 40-60 ° C to a sodium chloride content from 2 to 11% by weight of the synthetic fatty acid fraction, g. The resulting soap base is settled for 8 hours and the submixed glue is removed. After (the sections of the submixed glue are charged with titanium white into the soap base. The finished soap base is pumped to the sump, where it is transferred to a vacuum dryer. The drying is carried out by spraying from 430 to 470 g / s. The dried base is transferred to a screw press, where it is mixed with a fragrance and piled.

PRI me R 1. In a soap boiler, 20 tons of a 28% carbonate soda solution are loaded by pump and 40 tons of fatty acid composition, which contains 20 tons of a mixture of 16 tons of high titres, are added with live steam. components and 4 tons of low-fat natural fatty acids. Soot

0

s 0 5 0

o g Q

five

712

wearing high titer and low titer acids is 4: 1.

The formulation of fatty acid composition and the titers of the components are given in table. one.

The composition is fed at a speed of 2 tons per hour. After termination of the carbonate saponification, the mass is washed with a 42% solution of caustic soda to a free alkali content of 0.5% and salted out with dry table salt, taken in an amount of 3.5 tons. Then, with continuous stirring with hot steam, the mass is polished with water heated to 40 ° C, to a sodium chloride content of 11% by weight of synthetic fatty acids of the C10 C, 6 fraction, introduced during saponification.

The small base is settled for 8 hours and after removing 25 tons of washable glue, 150 kg of titanium whites are loaded into the finished soap base weighing 50 tons. After stirring with hot steam, the base is pumped to the sap. The finished soap base is characterized by a fatty acid content of 63.8%, free caustic alkali 0.18%, free carbon dioxide soda 0.65%.

From the soap collector, the soap base is pumped into the hollow shaft of the VSU tower, from which the soap is sprayed under vacuum onto the inner surface of the tower at a speed of 430 g / s through a 12 mm nozzle. The dried base is cut with special scrapers and fed into the receiving hopper of the screw press machine. Through the perfume delivery system, the same bunker is fed under vacuum. The fragrance. Magnoli in the amount of 5 kg / t; In a screw press, chips are mixed with a flavor and sawn.

Physical and chemical indicators of finished soap:

Mass dol,%

fatty acids 70.1 free NaOH 0.12 free, 0.80 NaCl 0.60 uncleanable substances and grease 1.20

Titre, ° С36,5

Example 2. The method is carried out analogously to example 1 with the difference that the ratio of high titer and low titer fatty acids is the composition and fat Titer, ° C

3 13

em 6: 1 (the formulation of the fatty acid composition is shown in Table 1), grinding the mass with water is carried out at 50 ° C until the sodium chloride content is 7% by weight of the synthetic fatty acid fraction C, o-C, b, and dispersed during vacuum drying performed at a rate of 450 g / s.

Physical and chemical indicators of finished soap:

Mass dol,%:

fatty acids 71.3 free of NaOH0,10

0.75 is free

NaCl0.70

neomlennye1.0 37.2

PRI me R 3. The method is carried out analogously to example 1 with the difference that the ratio of high-titer and low-titer fatty acids was 6: 1, grinding the mass with water at 60 ° C to a chloride content of 2%, and spraying with vacuum drying is carried out at a rate of 470 g / s.

Physical and chemical indicators of finished soap:

Mass dol,%:

fatty acids 70.2 free of NaOH0,13

free, 0.62 NaCl.50

neomile myrrh

substances and fat1.30

Titre, ° C 35,6

Data indicating the quality of the soap obtained by the proposed method are presented in table. one.

As can be seen from the data table. 1, if one of the parameters of the proposed method is not observed (examples 1 and 5), the quality of the finished soap is reduced. When carrying out the method of obtaining a commercial soap under the proposed conditions, the quality of the finished product is improved compared with the known one (Example 6).

Entering into the fatty acid composition a mixture of high-titer and low-titer fatty acids in a ratio of 4: 1-6: 1 provides a minimum reduction of the soap titer within this set of fatty acid composition by one to two degrees and is a factor ensuring the optimal ratio of fatty acids Table 2). A decrease in the ratio below 4: 1 leads to

deterioration of the quality indicators of the finished soap, namely: its plasticity decreases (with a hardness of 460 g / cm, the degree of foam penetration is lower than the optimal values and is 35-10 mm). In addition, the soap strongly swells (swelling capacity reaches 31%) and has a low foaming capacity (290 ml).

An increase in the ratio of high-to low-fatty acids over 6: 1 reduces the plasticity of the soap (with a hardness of 580 g / cm, the degree of penetration is only 30–10 mm) and does not contribute to the further improvement of other quality indicators (the hardness does not increase). the capacity is slightly reduced (330 ml).

When the temperature of the water drops below 40 ° C, the solubility of table salt decreases, which leads to an increase in the sodium chloride content to 13%, which negatively affects the quality of the mixture. In addition, such water, when cooling the soap mass, causes its viscosity to increase and thickens, and also affects the quality of the product. Lowering the temperature of the water is impractical.

The content of sodium chloride (a strong electrolyte that affects the mobility of the soap mass), depending on the amount of synthetic fatty acids of fraction C, –C, (glue oil, ensuring monolithic mass) ensures the optimal structure of the finished soap. With an increase in chloride content of over 11%, the soap mass has a loose, slightly monolithic structure, which degrades the quality of the finished soap: the hardness decreases, the swelling capacity increases, the piece crumbles, it easily loses its shape when used. With a decrease in the sodium chloride content of less than 2%, the solidity of the finished soap increases, but the degree of penitration decreases to 2510 mm, and this makes the mechanical processing of the mixture difficult.

Spray speed ensures the uniformity of drying of the soap base. When the spray rate decreases below 430 g / s, the soap base is dried unevenly due to partial

overdrying of its individual portions, which leads to the formation of a heterogeneous structure of the finished product.

characterized by the presence of areas with reduced moisture content and, consequently, to a deterioration in the quality of the finished soap. Increasing the speed of paciftina over 470 g / s is impractical because it does not lead to a further increase in the quality indicator of soap.

Claims (3)

The proposed method allows to improve the quality of the soap by increasing its plasticity, hardness and foaming ability. The finished soap has a homogeneous structure, stable titer and optimal swelling capacity. 1, A method for producing a solid soap, including neutralizing a composition of natural and synthetic fatty acids with soda ash and caustic soda, salting out, grinding with water, settling 3: 1 4: 1 5: 1 6: 1 7: 1 30 40 50 60 70 80 540 with the removal of podmylny glue, vacuum drying by spraying and peeling of the soap base, which is also distinguished by the fact that, in order to improve the quality of the mixture, a mixture of high-titer and synthetic fatty acids and low-titre natural fatty acids with a ratio of from 4: 1 to 6: 1, and grinding is carried out at a temperature of from 40 to 60 ° C to sodium chloride content of from 2 to 11% by weight the synthetic fatty acid fraction spraying is carried out at a speed of from 430 to 470 g / s, 2, The method according to claim 15 is different from the fact that in the finished soapy the base is titanium white. 3. Method POP.1, distinguished by the fact that a perfume is introduced into the soap chips at the sawing stage. t a b l n c 17.1 / 51.3 10.4 / 19.3 t, 6 / 2.4 9.6 / 18.7 8.3 / 13.8 480 300 18.4 / 44.6 Technical Fat Distilled Fatty Acids table 2 31 25 20 39,8