KR20140003392A - Aluminum accommodations module and method of constructing same - Google Patents

Abstract

Modular buildings and methods of constructing US Coast Guard certified modular buildings from aluminum and special Firemaster Marine blanket materials for use on USCG longboard vessels. According to the method of the present invention, the walls are configured to be unconnected such that the fire barrier blanket can be the main barrier to potential fire hazards. For a number of reasons, aluminum may be a better material than steel for use for marine acceptance purposes. Aluminum is significantly lighter and because of the crane capacity on offshore floating platforms and boats, the lighter the building, the safer it is to lift it.

Description

How to configure aluminum housing module and aluminum housing module {ALUMINUM ACCOMMODATIONS MODULE AND METHOD OF CONSTRUCTING SAME}

See related application

Related application is US Provisional Patent Application 61 / 372,922, filed August 12, 2010.

Priority is claimed to US Provisional Patent Application 61 / 372,922, filed August 12, 2010, which is incorporated herein by reference.

Field of invention

The present invention relates to a modular construction of a building. In particular, the present invention relates to a modular construction composed of aluminum, which is configured such that the inner and outer walls are not connected, and that the fire insulation blanketing between them can be the main barrier to potential fire hazards. .

In marine transport and ship regulatory environments, the USCG regulates materials and methods that must be identified by the industry to provide a safe work environment for personnel. Other similar government agencies in the world are the American Bureau of Shipping (ABS), De Norske Veritas (DNV) and Lloyds regulations, also known as the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS). Many of the regulations in use today are based on the World Vessel Organization meetings of the 1912 and 1970s. Many of the early regulations were introduced as a result of the Titanic disaster.

Historically, the exterior of modular marine buildings has been composed of very heavy steel. With lightweight materials such as aluminum, there is a need in the industry to construct modular marine buildings in a way that makes them much safer against fire hazards.

The present invention solves the conventional problem in a simple manner. Methods and modules for constructing USCG-certified modular buildings made of aluminum and special refractory marine blanket materials for use in United States Coast Guard (USCG) approved vessels and vessels complying with foreign flags, ABS, NV, and other regulatory bodies. Food dry matter is provided. According to the method of the present invention, the walls are configured to be unconnected so that the fire barrier blanket can be the main barrier to fatal fire hazards. For many reasons, aluminum is a better material than steel for the purpose of marine acceptance. Firstly, aluminum is significantly lighter, and the lighter the building, the safer it is to lift it, due to the crane capacity of the offshore floating platform and boat. In addition, the light weight on the vessel serves to lighten the overall load, greatly reducing fuel consumption. An aluminum exterior building can be half the weight of a steel building. Secondly, and equally important, it does not corrode (oxidize) nearly as quickly as steel in salty marine environments. Thus, it is not necessary to install an elaborate coating system in an attempt to protect the exterior of the aluminum building, as it must be done for steel building, making the aluminum building even easier to maintain.

A new and fundamental design criterion is how the building consists of a single inner structure separate from the outer structure, making it substantially the building inside the building. The barrier used is a blanket that meets all USCG standards for its own exterior (A-60 fire rating). Thus, by allowing the inner wall to stand independently and then covered by a fire blanket barrier, this alone constitutes a safe environment for the occupant. Along with this, an external wall of aluminum (as well as lightweight) is added to provide more structural safety for the building and only to protect the fire wall blanket barrier from the external environment. Another added benefit of having a double wall system is that it provides much more space for an increase in blocking gain for greater efficiency for heating and cooling the building. Applicant has designed and engineered an innovative method to have a certified, safe, lightweight exterior wall design that can be used to construct all types of constructions for deep sea structures, marine vessels and other floating structures. This design can be used to build USCG certified receptors, MCCs, offices, and attracting structures of all other sizes. Wall design meets A-60 or H-60 fire ratings. It can be machined to have an explosion rating of 1.5 bar static load. The double wall design has better barrier properties for increased protection from fire, heat, cold and sound. This design can be used for savings up to half the weight of conventional structures, whether small modular constructions or large multi-layer single lift constructions.

Applicant's new USCG construction is nearly half the weight of conventional steel construction.

12 water surface building (aluminum) 12'0 "x 40'0" (3.7 mx 12.2 m)

24,800 lbs . (11,249 kg )

12 person water structure (steel) 12'0 "x 40'0" (3.7 mx 12.2 m)

48,000 lbs . (21,772 kg )

Offshore oil and gas operators understand the benefits of reduced weight from loading, unloading, transport, safety and platform limits.

The steel 3/16 "(0.48 cm) thickness is 7.6 lbs / sq ft (37.1 kg / sq m).

Aluminum 3/16 "(0.48 cm) thickness is 2.7 lbs / sq ft (13.2 kg / sq m).

A number of objects of the present invention are as follows.

The primary objective is that the novel dry matter of the applicant consists of aluminum, which does not require a coating system to prevent salty environments. The outside of the dry matter is crimped plate aluminum and does not corrode in a salty environment, making the dry less expensive and less dangerous over time. The steel structure eventually rusts and leaks, leading to dangerous moisture penetration along with compromised structural integrity, which leads to mold and bacterial growth that renders the interior living space unsuitable for housing. Due to the double wall system design of the LQT, even in the presence of a crack in the outer wall, moisture penetration is almost impossible by making the inner space completely sealed and independent from the outer wall. Over time, there is a reduced maintenance cost for the whole structure. In addition, it has a significantly longer life.

Corrosion resistance of aluminum

The second principle object is that the applicant's building has the corrosion resistance of aluminum. According to engineers, aluminum has good corrosion resistance over a wide range of water and soil conditions because of the strong oxide film that forms its surface. Although aluminum is a galvanic active metal, this membrane provides good protection in saline environments.

Highly Explosive Grade Capability

Another principal object is that the applicant's building has a highly explosive grade function. The new design enables a lightweight solution to the ever increasing safety problem of fatal explosions. The new wall design can be machined to increase the explosion rating from values as small as 0.1 bar (10 kPa) to 1.5 bar (150 kPa) and still maintain a lightweight double wall design. Due to the fact that the wall design is two completely separate walls with no interconnects, the outer wall functions as an explosion wall, while at the same time the inner wall remains structurally complete. This allows the design to have significantly higher protection against explosions, making the interior much safer for the occupants. The new USCG / ABS rental / sale building wall design is certified to be 0.25 bar (25 kPa) explosion.

Improved Block Design

Another principal object is to have a barrier design with improved Applicants' construction. The new double wall design includes a 3 '(0.9 m) thick layer of Firemaster A-60 blocker that blankets the entire building. The barrier is tested at extreme temperatures to provide protection from the open frame but with its fire protection, and the barrier has a very high R factor in combination with the 4 "(10 cm) space of the wall design. Air is the best barrier material In addition, air in the space is circulated through the building HVAC system for added heating and cooling gains.

Improved sound reduction design

Another principal object is that the applicant's building will have an improved sound reduction design. Wall design and interior products block noise pollution. Together with the interior wall air space, the block provides a sound reduction function. The construction reduces the acoustic decibel number by as much as 30% compared to conventional steel construction single wall designs. This obviously makes the building more comfortable for its occupants.

Internal design state of current technology

Another principal object is that the applicant's building will have the internal design state of the art. The internal components are all fire safety comfort and USCG approved materials in the state of the art. Living Quarter Technology has many years of experience providing receptacles for the offshore oil and gas business. The company offers pillow top mattress with large beddings with comfortable and quiet curtains for privacy. The building has a large HVAC capacity for heating and cooling in extreme environments. All maximum safety features, including fire and gas detection systems and smoke detection, are integrated into the unit. The system has emergency lighting that maintains overall illumination throughout the building in case of power loss.

Lower overall configuration cost

Another principal object is that the applicant's design has a lower overall construction cost. Although the cost of aluminum is slightly higher than the raw steel, due to the fact that the building does not need to have a coating system, the total capital cost of the building is approximately 10% lower than that of a conventional similar steel building. This, together with the fact that the building has better barrier properties and lower maintenance costs, makes it easier to form better overall value.

Lightweight 23,200 lbs (10,523 kg)

Another principal purpose is to be much lighter than conventional offshore buildings. Offshore oil and gas operators understand the benefits of reduced weight from loading, unloading, transport, safety and platform limitations. Applicant's aluminum 12 sleeping chamber weighs 24,800 lbs (11,249 kg), compared to 48,000 lbs (21,772 kg) of steel 12 sleeping chamber, weighing nearly conventional steel construction.

Low maintenance costs

Another principal object is that the exterior consisting of the applicant's crimped plate aluminum of the building is not corroded to a salty environment, thereby making the building cheaper, safer and providing a significantly longer life. Over time, reduced maintenance costs are paid for the entire structure. Due to the LQT double wall system design, even if there is a crack in the outer wall, the inner space is completely sealed and independent of the outer wall, making it almost impossible to penetrate moisture.

For further understanding of the features, objects, and advantages of the present invention, reference is made to the following detailed description, which is to be read in connection with the following drawings in which like reference numerals indicate like elements.
1 illustrates a top view of a living quarter component of a modular aluminum module of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
2 illustrates a top view of an outer protective skin component of a modular aluminum module of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
3 illustrates a partial view of a corner of a blocker surrounding a living quarter of the modular aluminum module of the present invention.
4 illustrates a top view of the composite containment module of the present invention with an outer protective sheath disposed over a living quarter component.
5 illustrates a plurality of six receiving modules of the present invention arranged in a single group occupied by workers.
6-8 illustrate the appearance of an anchor system of the present invention that combines modules stacked up and down with each other to avoid separating the upper module from the lower module.
9 illustrates a top view of the roof frame plane of the module of the invention.
Figure 10 illustrates a top view of the bottom frame plane of the module of the present invention.
11-14 illustrate the corner configuration between the outer protective sheath and the inner receiving quarter of the module of the invention.
15A and 15B illustrate the kinetics involved when the outer protective shell is impacted by a blast striking the module of the present invention.
16 illustrates a further view of a wall configuration interconnected with the floor of the module of the present invention.
17 and 18 illustrate the attachment of a lifting padeye coupled when lifting the module of the invention, and FIG. 17 illustrates a top view of the reflective ceiling plane of the invention.
19-21 illustrate additional views of how the blocking blanket is secured to the outer surface of the reaming quarter wall of the present invention.
22 and 23 illustrate cross-sectional views of a block and air flow system of a module of the present invention.
24 illustrates a top view of a six-man galley in accordance with the present invention.
25 is a partial top view of a module of the present invention in which a block is located outside of the four corner posts so that a structural corner supporting the top building prevents destruction by fire, explosion or other catastrophe in the interior of the block blanket. Illustrate the figure.

1 to 25 illustrate a preferred embodiment of the present invention and a modular receiving module and a method of erecting it. First, in the description of the overall invention, reference is first made to FIGS. 1 to 4 illustrating the receiving module 10 (hereinafter referred to as the module 10), the receiving module 10 being in the outer protective sheath 14. An inner living quarter 12 composed of disposed aluminum, the outer protective sheath 14 also being made of lightweight aluminum, and the walls of the outer protective sheath 14 have no contact at all in the wall space therebetween. .

First, as can be seen in FIG. 1, there is illustrated a substantially rectangular internal living quarter 12 having an end wall 20, 22 having a doorway 24 therein and a pair of parallel sidewalls 17. have. In addition, a ceiling portion 26 and a bottom portion 28 are provided, both of which constitute an internal living quarter 12. As mentioned above, the four walls of the living quarter 12, the ceiling and the bottom are constructed of lightweight aluminum and welded together as a single unit, so that it is a continuous unbreakable that forms the living quarter 12 therein. An aluminum sheath 30 is formed. As illustrated, the wall of living quarter 12 is held in place with a plurality of vertical C beams 15 along the wall, and floor 28 is above ground when living quarter 12 is settled on the ground. Uplifted.

An outer protective sheath 14 is illustrated in FIG. 2, which consists of a lightweight aluminum sheet 23, which is of greater length and width than that of the living quarter 12 for the following reasons. The aluminum sheet 23 forms an end wall 36, 38 having a pair of side walls 32, 34 and a doorway 40 that is aligned with the doorway 24 of the inner living quarter 12. The outer protective sheath 14 likewise comprises an upper roof 42 which, together with the side walls and the end walls, forms a protective sheath 14 receiving space. For the following reasons, as shown in FIG. 5, the aluminum sheet 23 extends the overall height of the end walls 36, 38 and the side walls 32, 34. The wall of the protective sheath 14 is also held upright by a plurality of spaced apart C beams 35 which are slightly larger in size than the C beam 15 supporting the wall of the living quarter 12.

3 illustrates a blocker 50 section of the type preferably having an A-60 fire rating as previously described herein. The blocker 50 is disposed along the entire outer surface 52 of the side walls 17, 19, the end walls 20, 22, the ceiling 26, and the bottom portion 28 of the living quarter 12, so Form a continuous layer of blocker 50 surrounding the entire living quarter 12. It is important that the entire outer surface of living quarter 12 is covered by a continuous layer of barrier 50. As can be seen in FIG. 4, since the living quarter 12 has a smaller dimension than the outer protective sheath 14, following the enclosing the living quarter 12 with the blocker 50, the sheath 14 ) Is laid over the living quarter 12, so that the protective sheath 14 completely surrounds the living quarter 12, and the lower end of the wall of the protective sheath 14 is the lowermost edge of the wall of the living quarter 12. To extend. Once the protective sheath 14 is in place over the living quarter 12, it forms a composite module 10 and covers the structural skid beam for greater safety in the event of a fire or explosion.

As can be seen in the drawing, the blocker 50 and the C beam 15 surrounding the inner living quarter 12 are on the inner surface 33 of the protective sheath 14 as can be seen in FIG. 3. No contact is made with the C beam 35 at all. This is possible because of the larger dimensions of the protective sheath 14. Thus, a continuous space 60 is formed that entirely surrounds the walls of the protective sheath 14 and the walls and ceiling of the ceiling and living quarters 12. This space 60 is important as will be explained further.

Referring now to FIG. 5, a front view of a series, in this case six, modular unit 10 is illustrated, two of which are installed side by side, four stacked on top of them, and six composites therein. The unit living quarter 12 is formed. Each of the side walls 32 and 34 and the end walls 36 and 38 of each module 10 extends from the upper point 25 of each module 10 to the lowest point 27 of each module 10. It should be appreciated that the panel 23 is formed. This means that the aluminum protective sheath 14 is free of any heat and any kind of force without first coming into contact with the aluminum sheet of the wall of the protective sheath 13 and all the main structure beams for greater stability in hazardous situations. This is important because it prevents contact with the inner space 60 between the outer wall of the inner wall and the wall of the inner living quarter 12.

It is further noted that a group of six modules 10 is shown in FIG. 5, which is a lower pair of modules 10 supporting two pairs of modules 10 thereon. First, a plurality of external bolt connections 64 are illustrated between two of the six side by side lower modules 10 and two pairs of upper modules 10 disposed on the lower module 10.

As shown in FIG. 5, and as described in more detail in FIGS. 6 to 8, each of the top module 10 pairs includes a plurality of upright anchor members 66, each of which is a module of each of the modules 10. It extends outward from the roof 42. Similarly, the bottom 28 of each module 10 has a plurality of corresponding recesses 68, so that when the module 10 is disposed above the lower module 10, the upright anchor member 66 is Each is stuck in a corresponding recess 68 of the upper module 10, so that the upper module 10 is firmly held in place on the lower module 10. For safety purposes, the anchor member 66, shown at a location on the roof of the module 10 in FIGS. 5 and 7, may have a roof or roof of each of the modules 10 at points within the wall of the living quarter 12. Located on the top surface. With this arrangement, the connections between the upper and lower modules 10 are not damaged by heat or explosion, and if not so configured, they can lead to the collapse of the outer edge of the protective sheath 14 and the upper module 10 ) May fall out of the lower module 10.

As can be seen in detail in FIGS. 6-8, a view of a typical anchor member 66 extending upward from the roof of each of the modules 10 is shown. Base plate 72 is shown, with a vertical anchor member 66 extending into the recess 68 of module 10 thereon extending upwards. As an example, as can be seen in FIG. 5, when no module 10 is disposed above the top anchor member 66, a blocking cap 76 is therefore positioned to fit on the anchor member 66. It should be noted that if heat is attached to the exterior of the module 10 in the course of a fire or explosion, the heat cannot be moved downward into the living quarter 12 through the anchor member 66. The blocking cap 76 prevents heat from accessing through it. Of course, if the second module 10 is stacked on the module 10, the heat cannot enter the interior thereof, and thus no blocking is required on this.

9 and 10 are views of a roof frame plane and a floor frame plane, respectively. In FIG. 9, the anchor member 66 is also shown at the four corners of the composite module 10 as described above, each of which allows heat or explosion to impinge the exterior of the protective sheath 14. Note that it is installed inside the walls of living quarters 12 to avoid being affected by external explosion forces or heat. This is also to avoid collapse of the outer wall of the protective sheath 14 of the module 10 and collapse of the upper module 10, as described above. The location as shown also prevents any heat from entering the living quarters during a fire or explosion event.

Referring now to FIGS. 11 and 12, these figures show the outer wall when engaging the corner support post 80 with the appearance of the C beam 35 holding the wall 36 upright through its length. The state of the upper part of 36 is shown. Also shown is an inner support post 82 that engages the inner walls 17, 19 of the living quarter 12 with a C beam supporting it as well. Again, and this cannot be sufficiently stressed, there is a space 60 between the two walls and the C beams 15, 35, so that the wall of the protective sheath 14 and the wall of the living quarter 12 are present. Note that no type of metal contact exists between.

With reference to FIGS. 13 and 14, a side view of the base of the module 10 is shown, showing the outer wall of the protective sheath 14 through its welding and the wall of the living quarter 12 to which the floor 28 is coupled. There is a supporting base plate. As can be seen in FIG. 13, when the inner support post 82 is in place, the bottom 28 of the living quarter is welded thereon. Again, there is a space 60 between the wall of the living quarter 12 and the outer protective sheath 14, which is filled with air and can be filled with a barrier for the reasons described above.

16 further illustrates a side view of the base plate 90 to which the support for the wall of the living quarter 12 and the protective sheath 14 are coupled. Again, an L-bracket 94 is provided that supports the bottom 28 of the inner living quarter unit 12, and an air space 60 is provided between the wall of the living quarter 12 and the wall of the protection unit 14. exist. As will be explained further, part of this space 60 is filled with a barrier as can be seen in the previous figures. The description of the dynamics of FIG. 15 will be described in more detail below.

Referring now to FIGS. 17 and 18, these are lifting pods present in four portions of the roof 42 of each module 10 to lift each module 10 as can be seen in the schematic view of FIG. 9. -The appearance of the child (95). Again, these lifting pad-eyes 95 are located inside the walls of the sheath 14, so that they are not affected by any heat or explosion that may contact the outer sheath 14 during a fire or explosion event. . The body 97 of each pad eye 95 is within the protective interior of the living quarter 12 and extends outward so that only the eyelet portion 99 is engaged by the lifting hook during the movement of the module.

19 to 21 illustrate another aspect of the continuous segment of the blocker 50 which also fills the space 60 between the outer protector 14 and the wall of the living quarter 12. The barrier 50 is coupled to the inner wall through coupling pins 55 spaced apart so that the barrier 50 is held in place throughout the entire height of the wall of the living quarter 12. In addition, as illustrated, the blocker 50 blanket surrounds the exterior of the C beam 15 that supports the wall of the living quarter 12. Again, the blocker 50 occupies a part of the space 60 between the protective sheath 14 and the wall of the living quarter 12 but does not make any contact with the outer wall of the protective unit 14 and the external protection. It should be clarified that no contact with any of the C beams 35 of the shell 14 is made.

22 and 23 illustrate a blocker 50 that protects the flow of air (arrow 100) from an air bag system that supplies air in and out of living quarter 12 for occupant comfort during use. To illustrate. The blocker 50 is positioned in such a way that in the event of an explosion, the explosive force or heat does not enter through the air duct 102 of the air delivery system.

FIG. 24 illustrates a top view of a typical living quarter 12 in an inner sheath, an inner receiving module 10. For example, there is a series of six beds 110 that accommodate six workers, while the other receiving module 10 is a type of conference room, desk, used for people working and spending time outside the rig or oil production platform. And additional features such as simple kitchen. 25 illustrates a very important aspect of the structure of the module 10. Although FIG. 19 illustrates a top partial view of a single corner of a typical module 10, FIG. 25 is located internally with respect to the blocker 55 with four corner posts 82 enclosing the internal structure 14. All four corners of module 10 are illustrated. This is very important because the corner post 82 is a principal supporting member for supporting the upper module 10 supported by the lower module 10. As can be seen in FIG. 25, placing the blocker prevents any heat or fire from the event of a fire from compromising the integrity of the support post 82. This ensures that the module 10 supported on the top of the lower support module 10 does not fall when the module 10 receives strong force heat or force from fire or explosion on the rig or platform.

Reference is now made again to FIGS. 15A and 15B. As mentioned above, one of the important aspects of the present invention as described above is that the inner wall of the living quarter 12 and the outer protective sheath 14 do not make any contact, and as can be seen in FIG. It is a fact that it is separated by the space 60 occupied in part by the body 50. This is essential, as can be seen in FIG. 15B, for example, in the case of explosion 120, the force of the explosion 120 lasting less than one second is the first and the wall of the outer protective sheath 14. In the meantime, the wall of the shell is pushed to move inward toward the wall of living quarter 12. The space 60 between the units 12, 14 receives the blocker 50 and is filled with air 125 to shock cushion some of its force. However, air 125 is compressed and acts as a force against the wall of living quarter 12. Thus, when an explosion occurs, as can be seen, for example, in FIG. 15, a vent 126 is included in this portion of the interior space below the bottom 28 of the living quarter 12. When air space 60 is compressed by explosion, air 125 may be vented through these vents 126 and, therefore, does not act as an additional force on the walls of living quarters 12. Additionally, if the explosion or fire is hot enough, the heat of the explosion 120 does not affect the blocker 50, and due to its ceramic properties, the blocker 50 will not melt and will have to be removed from the living quarter 12. It fills any voids against the wall and also acts as a "plastic" protective barrier shell so that the heat of the explosion cannot enter the living quarter 12. The outer protective sheath 14 of the module 10 can take on massive heat from a fire or a massive amount of force from an explosion and maintain the heat from the explosion of the fire in the space between the outer and inner walls of the module. It is through these two wall structures of these modules 10 that the force or heat of the explosion prevents a person from entering the interior space of the accommodation quarter 16 in which the person is accommodated during this event.

Design Criteria and Other Data for Modules

Having previously described the receiving module 10 as illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 24, a description of other important criteria of the design and structure of the module 10 of the preferred embodiment follows.

The aluminum receiving module 10 of the present invention is composed of aluminum instead of steel. Preferably, the dry size ranges from 12 'x 20'"x10'-6" (3.7 mx 6.0 mx 3.2 m) to 16 'x 70'"x10'-6" (4.9 mx 21 mx 3.2 m) And the general dimensions of the example for this purpose in the envisaged figures are 12 'x 40' 9 5/8 "x 10'-6" (3.7 m x 12.4 x 3.2 m).

The acceptance module 10 of the present invention, which has been subjected to harsh processing tests to ensure that it is a novel feature, is workable in the field. These tests indicate that the inventors have devised a method for constructing USCG certified modular construction for use on USCG approved vessels, made of aluminum and special Firemaster Marine blanket materials. This method, which is configured so that the walls are not connected, allows the fire barrier blanket to be a primary barrier to potential fire hazards. Historically, the exterior of modular marine buildings consisted of steel. For many reasons, aluminum may be a better material for use for marine acceptance purposes. Firstly, aluminum is significantly lighter, and the lighter the building, the safer it is to lift it, due to the crane capacity of the offshore floating platform and boat. In addition, the light weight on the vessel serves to lighten the overall load, greatly reducing fuel consumption. An aluminum exterior building can be half the weight of a steel building. Secondly, and equally important, it does not corrode (oxidize) nearly as quickly as steel in salty marine environments. Thus, it is not necessary to install an elaborate coating system in an attempt to protect the exterior of the aluminum building, as it must be done for steel building, making the aluminum building even easier to maintain.

A design criterion that makes the invention novel and unique to the invention is a method by which the building consists of one internal structure separate from the external structure, thereby making it substantially a building inside the building. Good barriers used are blankets that meet all USCG standards for their proprietary exterior (A-60 fire rating). Thus, by allowing the inner wall to stand independently and then covered by a fire blanket barrier, this alone constitutes a safe environment for the occupant. Along with this, an outer wall of aluminum (as well as lightweight) can be added to provide more structural safety for the building and only to protect the fire wall blanket blocker from the external environment. Another added benefit of having a double wall system is that it provides much more space for an increase in blocking gain for greater efficiency for heating and cooling the building.

The module of the present invention is designed in accordance with USCG RP 98-01, Eighth District Interim Recommended Preactice-Plan approval, certification and installation of the receiving module. The dry matter of the present invention is used for fixed offshore platforms, floating structures and MODs (all types of marine vessels).

Lifting and motion calculations were based on elastic analysis according to the American Aluminum Association, Allowable Stress Design 2005. All calculations lead to higher safety factors based on the welded allowable stress values.

Structural framing and cladding were designed for the following conditions.

Lift (dynamics)

Single action

Dual stacking and single width operation

Triple Stacking and Double Width Operation

Internal structure, triple lamination

In structural design, generally acceptable stresses were used in the design (no increase of 1/3 of the allowable value). The deflection of the main member is limited to L / 360, where L = member unsupported length in. Unity checking for members is limited to less than 1.00 (utilization rate).

The main structural framing and cladding were modeled with the "STAAD PRO" structural analysis software.

Good material:

Structural fire protection barriers: Must comply with USCG NVIC 9-97, ABS Regulations and 46CFR part 164.

Block: 2 "(5 cm) thick" Firemaster Marine Blanket ", calcium magnesium-silicate fiber insulator (USCG approval no .: 164.107 / 1/0)

Electrical: Electrical components, wiring and bulkhead cable transits shall comply with 46CFR Subchapter J and USCG NVIC 9-97.

Construction: The wall, floor and ceiling are configured to have two layers of aluminum plates with a 2 "(5 cm) Firemaster Marine Blanket Sandwich between the aluminum plates and a support beam.

Acknowledgment:

United States Coast Guard

USCG evaluated typical full aluminum walls designed by Applicants for structural explosion performance. As originally designed, the wall system consists of an outer layer consisting of a 3/16 "(0.48 cm) flat plate supported by a C6x2.83 stud channel at 24" (61 cm) center (oc) spacing. The inner layer consists of a 1/8 "(0.32 cm) flat aluminum plate supported by a C3x1.42 stud channel at 24" (61 cm) intercenter spacing. The height of the wall is 9 ft (2.7 m) between the edges. Applicants requested that the engineering evaluation analyze the walls as if they were fixed at both ends, but the engineering evaluation did not include any header or threshold review in the analysis.

The aluminum alloy-temper used is 6061-T6. Mechanical properties for this material were obtained from the Alcoa catalog. Since no explosion response limits for structural aluminum were promulgated, the engineering assessment used engineering judgment assuming response ductility from the promulgated drawings for ductile steel. The standard compares the ratio of elongation at a given damage level to the ultimate elongation of ductile steel and uses this ratio for the ultimate elongation of 6061-T6 aluminum. For extreme end rotations, the same response limit is assumed for ductile steel.

The applied design pressure is 0.25 bar (25 kpa) as required by the LQT. The duration of the positive phase was calculated according to API RP-FB2 and found to be 608 msec. The engineering evaluation analyzed each structural component with a single degree of freedom (SDOF) using proprietary software. The deflection of the outer wall causes a secondary pressure over the inner wall, which was determined using the engineering assessment Shield Pressure Prediction design tool, which pressure-time function then loads the inner layer and responds to it. It was used to determine.

This category of work does not include the optimization of individual components in order to maximize performance and / or minimize structural costs. Based on engineering evaluation, it is the applicant's opinion that the wall system can be rated for higher loads with the same deformation.

Wall system

The structural components of the wall are made of 6061-T6 aluminum. Based on information from Alcore's catalog, the mechanical properties-tamper for this alloy are as follows:

Typical minimum yield tensile strength = 35 ksi (241 MPa)

Typical minimum ultimate tensile strength = 38 ksi (262 MPa)

Typical ultimate elongation = 8% to 1/4 "(0.6 cm), 10% for thicknesses over 1/4" (0.6 cm)

Typical modulus of elasticity = 10,000 ksi (68,947 MPa)

All joints are made of 5183 aluminum welding wire. U.S. Based on information obtained from Catalog ¹ of US Alloy Co., the ultimate tensile strength is 41 ksi (282 MPa). As suggested by the applicant, the studs have a throat thickness fillet weld that does not exceed the thinner portion to be joined, with a 3 "(7.6 cm) fillet every 12" (30 cm) pitch. By welding to the plate.

Load

At the applicant's request, the system was identified for a peak application pressure of 0.25 bar (25 kPa) equivalent to 3.63 psi (25 kPa).

The duration of the positive phase is described in API RP-2FB, par. Calculated according to C.6.3.3:

t ^* = 0.084 + 13,000 / P

Where t ^* = positive phase duration in seconds

P ^* = nominal overpressure in Pascals (1 bar = 100,000 Pascals)

P = 0.25 bar = 25,000 Pascals

Thus, t ^* = 0.604 sec, approximately 600 msec. This is a very long event for a typical explosion scenario, so the period estimation is considered to be conservative.

API RP-2 FB par. According to C.6.3.3, the load function is assumed to be a symmetrical triangle (centered vertex formation at t ^* / 2 = 300 msec).

Structured response

The dynamic response of the structural component under predicted explosion load is determined by the component as a single degree of freedom (SDOF) system, such as the equivalent spring-mass system shown in FIG. The SDOF model for each component is constructed using the mechanical properties of the component, so that the model exhibits the same displacement history as the maximum deflection point of the component. The displacement history of the SDOF model is obtained by the finite difference technique using a computer program to solve the evaluation of the motion of the equivalent system in discrete time steps.

The calculated peak deflection is used to determine the support rotation and ductility ratio, which represents the strain limit criterion (or damage level) most commonly used in abdominal design. Support rotation is the angle between the straight line segment between the support and the point of maximum deflection and the original shape of the component. Ductility ration represents the maximum deflection with respect to the maximum elastic deflection of the component. Thus, ductility ratios greater than 1 indicate that permanent deformation is maintained.

Aluminum response limit

As mentioned above, the most commonly accepted baselines for the design and analysis of explosive load structures such as ASCE ⁱⁱ and API RP-2FP do not include response limits for structural aluminum. Thus, the engineering assessment adopts a response limit based on similarity with ductile steel. One example is given as follows:

A36 steel characteristics:

Yield Tensile Strength = 36 ksi (248 MPa)

Ultimate Tensile Strength = 58 ksi (400 MPa)

Ultimate elongation = 15%

Modulus of elasticity = 29,000 ksi (199,947 MPa)

Strain at yield = 36 / 29,000 = 0.124%

Medium Response Coupling Limit (ASCE) = 10

Strain at Medium Response Limit = 10 x 0.124% = 1.24%

Strain / Extension Ratio at Media Response Limit = 0.083

Apply the same ratio for aluminum:

Ultimate elongation (interpolation) for average channel thickness = 9.1%

Strain at Medium Response Limit = 0.083 x 9.1% = 0.75%

Yield on Yield = 35 / 10,000-0.35%

Medium response ductility limit = 0.75 / 0.35 = 2.15, approximately 2.

Using similar criteria, various damage levels and soft response limits for aluminum components are shown in Table 1.

Component Low response ^* Response ^* High response ^* Stud channel One 2 4 Wall plate One 2 4

6061-T6 Aluminum Recommended Ductile Response Limit

Component response limits are specified by ASCE1 as follows:

Low: The component has no or slight visible permanent deformation.

Medium: The component has some permanent deflection. Although replacement is more economical and aesthetic, it is generally repairable when needed.

High: The component is not destroyed but has a significant permanent deflection that renders it irreparable.

Secondary pressure across interior wall components

As the outer wall plate and the stud respond to the applied pressure, it deflects. As output of the SDOF model a deflection versus time function is provided. This deflection causes secondary pressure across the inner wall components by compressing the air between the outer and inner layers. This pressure is a function of the air gap between the wall layers, and the wider the gap, the smaller the pressure.

Exterior wall plates

3/16 "(0.48 cm) thick wall plates of 24" (61 cm) spans assumed to be fixed-fixed (wall plate joints are assumed to be fully welded, and end spans compensate for the lack of fixation at wall corners To be microscopically (machining evaluation suggests 20 in (51 cm)] should be reduced to 2.7 degrees with a maximum deflection of 0.57 in (1.4 cm) at 300 msec, with a predicted vertex end rotation of vertex ductility 0.41. Based on the assumed response limit, this is low response (acceptable).

External stud channel

The 9 ft (2.7 m) span C6 x 3.42 stud channel, assumed to be fixed-fixed as shown by the LQT, has a predicted peak end rotation of 1.4 degrees, a peak ductility of 0.41, and a height of 1.33 in (3.4 cm) at 300 msec. Has the maximum deflection. Based on the assumed response limit, this is considered low response (acceptable).

Since both the plate and stud deflections peak at about 300 msec, they can be added to directly obtain peak deflection for secondary pressure calculation (0.57 + 1.33 = 1.90 in (4.8 cm) @ 300 msec). The response of both external components is elastic (ductility <1). The peak secondary pressure obtained by our Shield Pressure Prediction Tool is 3.6 psi (25 kPa) at 300 msec.

Inner wall plate

A 1/8 "(0.32 cm) thick wall plate of 24" (61 cm) span, which is assumed to be fixed-fixed (same as outside), has predictive peak ductility exceeding the proposed high response limit (unacceptable).

Internal stud channel

A 9 ft (2.7 m) span C3x1.42 stud channel, assumed to be fixed-fixed as indicated by the applicant, has good peak ductility and predicted peak end rotations that exceed the maximum response limit (unacceptable).

Since the deformation of the plate is assumed to be too high in cooperation with the vertical curvature, the complex action on the stud channel may not be assumed.

Inner wall plate

Assuming that it is fixed-fixed (same as outside), a 1/8 "thick wall plate of 12" (30 cm) span has a peak ductility of 0.23 and a predicted peak end rotation of 1.1 degrees. It is considered to be low responsive (acceptable).

Internal stud channel

A 9 ft (2.7 m) span C3 × 1.42 stud channel, assumed to be fixed-fixed as indicated by the applicant, has a peak ductility of 1.48 and a predicted peak end rotation of 2.7 degrees. This is a heavy response for non-load bearing components (LQT confirmed that the roof load is not supported on the inner wall). This response level is considered acceptable, without taking into account the appropriate composite action for predictive low plate response.

summary

The results of the machining evaluations, as originally sketched (inner studs spaced 24 "(61 cm) between centers), suggest that the response of the proposed aluminum wall system to applied pressures greater than 0.25 bar over 600 msec is determined by the internal plate and stud channel. It is determined that it is unacceptable due to excessive deformation.

By reducing the internal studs at 12 " (30 cm) spacing between centers, the response of the system as a whole is considered acceptable.

In the absence of published response values or test data for structural aluminum, engineering assessments used engineering judgment to estimate appropriate response limits. It should be understood that these limits are not based on any particular explosion proof design legislation (such as API RP2-FP or ASCE).

Based on low structural damage to most of the components, engineering evaluations allow the basic design to be fine-tuned to be rated for higher design loads, or some structural components can be realized for maximum cost economy to provide current load ratings. It turns out that In addition, testing of conventional wall sections can help a better understanding of the material response and determine more accurate response limits.

The following is a list of suitable parts and materials for use in the present invention.

Parts list

Part Number Description

10 housing module

12 internal living quarters

14 outer protective jacket

15 C-beam

17, 19 sidewalls

20, 22 end wall

23 aluminum sheet

24 doorways

26 ceiling parts

28 bottom part

30 aluminum jacket

32, 34 side wall

35 C-beam

36, 38 end wall

42 upper roof

50 blockers

52 outer surface

60 spaces

64 volt connection

66 upright anchor members

68 recess

72 base plate

76 blocking cap

80 corner support post

82 inner support post

90 base plate

94 L-bracket

95 Pad-Kids

97 main body

99 eyelet parts

100 arrows

102 air duct

110 beds

120 explosions

125 air

126 vent

All measurements disclosed herein are values at standard temperature and pressure at ground sea level unless otherwise indicated. All materials used or intended to be used in humans are biologically suitable unless otherwise indicated.

The foregoing embodiments are presented by way of example only, and the scope of the present invention is defined only by the following claims.

Claims (16)

In the receiving module,
a. Internal structures made of lightweight metal, such as aluminum, to accommodate workers;
b. An outer structure made of lightweight metal such as aluminum to surround the entire inner structure,
c. A space provided between the wall of the outer structure and the wall of the inner structure such that there is no contact between the two structures;
d. A barrier material occupying some of the space between the two structures and surrounding the internal structure,
e. The spaces and barriers between the structures form a means for reducing or eliminating the transfer of force from an explosion occurring outside of the outer structure or heat from a fire into the inner structure,
Accommodation module.
The method of claim 1,
The barrier includes a 2 "(5 cm) thick Firemaster Marine blanket, calcium magnesium-silicate fiber barrier with at least A-60 fire rating,
Accommodation module.
The method of claim 1,
Module sizes preferably range from 12 'x 20'"x10'-6" (3.7 mx 6.0 mx 3.2 m) to 16 'x 70'"x10'-6" (4.9 mx 21 mx 3.2 m). ,
Accommodation module.
The method of claim 1,
The walls are constructed so that they are not connected, allowing the fire barrier blanket to be a major barrier to potential fire hazards,
Accommodation module.
The method of claim 1,
Walls made of aluminum do not corrode (oxidize) nearly as quickly as steel in salty marine environments,
Accommodation module.
In the method of configuring the receiving module,
a. Constructing an internal structure of a lightweight metal, such as aluminum, to accommodate a worker therein;
b. Constructing an outer structure made of a lightweight metal, such as aluminum, having a dimension greater than the inner structure;
c. Surrounding the walls of the internal structure with a barrier material that resists heat and explosion;
d. Placing the outer structure over the inner structure such that a void is formed between the walls of the outer structure and the blocking walls of the inner structures, with no direct contact between the two structures;
e. The walls of the outer structure being affected by heat from the fire outside the outer structure in such a way that the barriers and voids between the structures form a means of reducing or eliminating the transfer of heat from the fire or into the inner structure. Wow,
f. The walls of the outer structure are caused by the explosive force from the explosion outside the outer structure in such a way that the voids and barriers between the structures form a means for reducing or eliminating the transfer of force from the explosion to the walls of the inner structure. Comprising the steps of being affected;
How to configure the acceptance module.
The method according to claim 6,
Further comprising allowing the barrier to melt from the fire to form a plastic fireproof coating on the outer wall of the internal structure,
How to configure the acceptance module.
The method according to claim 6,
Further comprising allowing air in the voids between the structural walls vented from the voids as a force of explosion to impinge on the walls of the outer structure to move the outer structure inwards toward the walls of the inner structure,
How to configure the acceptance module.
The method according to claim 6,
Preventing any contact from forming between the walls of the two structures reduces or eliminates the possibility of direct heat transfer from the outer structure to the inner structure,
How to configure the acceptance module.
The method according to claim 6,
The configured module includes an inner structure separate from the outer structure to form a dry matter inside the dry matter,
How to configure the acceptance module.
The method according to claim 6,
The outer wall of lightweight aluminum protects the fire wall blanket barrier material from the external environment and provides more structural safety for the building,
How to configure the acceptance module.
The method according to claim 6,
The double wall system provides more air space for increased shutoff benefits for greater efficiency for heating and cooling the building,
How to configure the acceptance module.
Receiving module,
a. An internal structure made up of substantially lightweight aluminum to accommodate workers,
b. An external structure made of lightweight aluminum, having a dimension larger than that of the internal structure,
c. When the outer structure is disposed on the inner structure, voids formed between the walls of the outer structure and the walls of the inner structures, without any direct contact between the two structures,
d. An insulator material having at least an A-60 fire rating surrounding the internal structure while occupying some of the voids between the two structures,
e. The barriers and voids between the structures form a means for eliminating or reducing the transfer of heat from a fire occurring outside of the outer structure delivered into the inner structure.
Accommodation module.
In the receiving module,
a. An internal structure made of substantially lightweight aluminum to accommodate workers,
b. An external structure made of lightweight aluminum, having a dimension larger than that of the internal structure,
c. When the outer structure is disposed on the inner structure, a void formed between the walls of the outer structure and the walls of the inner structure without any direct contact between the two structures,
d. A barrier material having at least an A-60 fire rating that occupies some of the voids between the two structures and surrounds the internal structure,
e. The barriers and voids between the structures form a means for reducing or eliminating forces from the explosion occurring outside of the outer structure damaging the inner structure,
Accommodation module.
A method of making an inner structure within an outer structure such that an event such as a fire or an explosion occurring outside of the outer structure does not harm an occupant of the inner structure.
a. Manufacturing the internal structure as a single enclosure of lightweight metal,
b. Surrounding the internal structure with a barrier material of at least A-60 fire rating;
c. Manufacturing an outer structure that is larger than an inner structure of similar lightweight metal,
d. Disposing an outer structure over the inner structure such that voids are formed between the inner structure and the outer structure without any direct contact between the two structures;
e. Allowing the barrier and void space to act as a barrier there between for heat or force to affect the internal structure and to harm the occupant during a fire or explosion occurring outside of the external structure. ,
Method of manufacturing internal structure.
The method of claim 15,
The inner structure is completely covered and blocked by the outer structure, thereby protecting the structural integrity of the inner structure and providing a stable support for the upper module that can be supported and stacked by the module from below,
Method of manufacturing internal structure.

Images