KR100480187B1 - Method of recording data, recording apparatus and record medium - Google Patents

Abstract

A signal transmission method is provided that is used to prevent modification or change of reproduction mode information such as copy management information or charging information. The reproduction mode information from the terminal 15P is data-converted for encryption by the reproduction mode information addition circuit 14 in the header addition circuit 13 in response to the key information from the terminal 15K, The result information including the data and the reproduction mode information are output. The reproducing section decrypts by the reproducing mode information detecting circuit 26 in the header separating circuit 25 using the key information from the terminal 27K to take the original reproducing mode information from the terminal 27P. Data conversion is performed on encrypted reproduction mode information.

Description

Method of recording data, recording apparatus and record medium

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a signal transmission method, a signal recording (recordable, recordable or recordable) which can be used in a charging system or in the prevention of copying or unauthorized use of transmitted or recorded and / or reproduced signals. And a signal reproducing apparatus. Description of the related technology

With the increasing capacity and dissemination of digital recording media such as optical disks, it has become important to prevent copying and unauthorized use of digital recording media. That is, digital audio data and digital video data can be copied or dubbed to create a replica without deterioration, and computer data can be easily copied to generate the same data as the original data. As a result, copyrights tend to be infringed by unauthorized copying.

For the purpose of preventing unauthorized copying, standards have been proposed and used for recording information to prevent unauthorized copying of original data on a recording medium.

In an unauthorized copy protection system of a digital audio signal recording / reproducing apparatus called a rotary head digital audio tape recorder (R-DAT), a generation which prevents copying of digital data or exceeds a preset number. A prohibition code to prevent copying, i.e., to limit copy generation, or the so-called prohibition code of the standard of a serial copying management system (SCMS) is a digital recording on a digital audio tape as a signal recording medium. It is recorded in the main data area for audio signals. If this prohibition code is detected by the digital audio signal recording apparatus, digital audio signals are prevented from being recorded on the new digital audio tape.

For example, to prevent copying of digital video signals recorded on a signal recording medium, Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication JP-A-6-44755 (1994) records preset ID bits, that is, R-DAT. As in the case of the above system for the prevention of unrighteous copying between recording / reproducing apparatuses for the above, a standard prohibition code for a copying generation management system (CGMS) on an original digital recording medium has been proposed.

In the case of computer data, the file contents are encrypted using encryption key information to permit use only by authorized registered users. This is a system for distributing a digital recording medium in which information is encrypted and recorded as a form of information distribution, paying a prescribed fee for contents required by a user, obtaining and decrypting key information, and using computer data. will be.

However, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-173891 (1993), the encryption key information or prohibition information for the signal recording medium is recorded at a specified position on the recording medium suitable for the system accessed by the user.

On the other hand, when using reproduction mode information such as copy management information or charging information, since the data position or bit allocation on the recording medium is predetermined, there is a risk that the information is changed in use or skipped in reading. That is, since reproduction mode information such as copy management information or charging information is in the user accessible area, it is easy to be illegally copied or decrypted by a malicious user.

Further, if the reproduction mode information is arranged in a fixed manner at any place according to a special encryption technique, there is a tendency to lose interchangeability. Fixing and arranging the reproduction mode information also fixes the encryption technique, deteriorating flexibility and expandability, and reducing the durability of the format.

This problem occurs not only when recording / reproducing or transmitting / receiving digital signals but also when transmitting analog signals.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a signal transmission method, signal recording (recordable, recordable or recorded) medium which makes it difficult to make unauthorized use or duplication by modifying or changing reproduction mode information such as copy management information or charging information, and It is to provide a signal reproducing apparatus.

According to the present invention, the reproduction mode information added to the signal to be transmitted or recorded is data-converted according to the encryption key information.

The reproduction mode information includes at least one of copy management information and charging information, and is preferably disposed at a position designated by preset positioning information.

According to the present invention, the reproduction mode information is arranged at a position designated by preset positioning information.

The encrypted reproduction mode information is difficult to change because its contents are not known without key information, thus preventing the change and preventing unauthorized listening or copying. Since the reproduction mode information disposed at the position designated by the key designation information cannot be easily taken, the effect of preventing unauthorized use is further improved.

If the unencrypted reproduction mode information is placed at the position specified by the preset positioning information, the reproduction mode information cannot be easily taken, thereby preventing the unauthorized use of the reproduction mode information.

Referring to the drawings, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail.

1 is a schematic block diagram illustrating an example of an arrangement according to the present invention.

In FIG. 1, digital data, such as data obtained by digital conversion of analog audio signals or video signals, or computer data is supplied to the input terminal 11. The input digital data is transmitted to the sectorization circuit 12 so that it can be sectored by a preset data amount such as 2048 bytes as a unit. Sectorized data is transmitted to the header appending circuit 13 to which header data is added at the front end of each sector. The reproduction mode information including at least one of the copy management information and the charging information is included in the header data as described below. The original reproduction information is also supplied to the terminal 15P of the reproduction information addition circuit 14. The reproduction information addition circuit 14 data-converts the original reproduction information for encryption in response to the key information from the terminal 15P for adding the converted reproduction mode information. The output data of the header addition circuit 13 is transmitted to the error correction coding circuit 16 to which parity is added by data delay and parity calculation. The output data of the error correction coding circuit 16 is a modulation circuit in which 8-bit data is converted into, for example, 16 channel-bit modulated data transmitted to the synchronization adding circuit 18 according to a preset modulation system. Supplied to (17). The synchronization adding circuit 18 adds synchronization signals of a pattern that deviates from the rule that violates the modulation rule of the preset modulation system by the preset data amount as a unit, and outputs the resulting data. The output signal from the synchronization addition circuit 18 is transmitted to the recording head 19, for example, to record (write, recordable or recorded) data such as a disk-type or tape-type recording medium or a semiconductor recording medium. Recorded on or transmitted over medium 20. The reproduction head signal is reproduced from the recording medium by the reproduction head 21, but the received signal is received via the communication medium and the reproduction input terminal 21. The signal supplied to the input is the same signal that is output to the output terminal 19 when the signal degradation by recording or transmission is ignored.

The signal from the reproduction head 21 or the communication medium is transmitted to the synchronization detecting circuit 22 for separation of the synchronization signal added by the synchronization adding circuit 18. The digital signal from the synchronization detection circuit 22 is sent to a demodulation circuit 23 for demodulating the signal modulated by the modulation circuit 17. In particular, demodulation is a process of converting 16 channel-bit data into 8-bit data. The digital data from the demodulation circuit 23 is sent to the error correction decoding circuit 24 where decoding is performed as the reverse operation of the encoding by the error correction encoding circuit 16. Data from the error correction decoding is sent to the header separation circuit 25 in which the header of the leading end of each sector is separated. The reproduction information in the header data is converted by encrypting using the above-described key information. Therefore, the reproduction mode information is converted by decrypting by the reproduction mode information detection circuit 26 using the key information from the terminal 27K, so that the decoded reproduction mode information is taken at the terminal 27P. The data liberated from the header by the header separation circuit 25, ie the so-called user data, is transmitted to the sector decomposition circuit 28 where the user data is decomposed into sectors, each of which has a predetermined data amount unit. And may be taken at output terminal 29.

2 shows an illustrative example of a sector format, each sector having a 2048-byte user data area 41, a 4-byte synchronization area 42, a 16-byte header area 43, and a 4-byte error detection. It has a code (EDC) area 44. The error correction code of the error detection code area 44 includes a 32-bit (4 byte) CRC code generated for the user data area 41 and the header area 43. In the header area 43, a cyclic redundancy code (CRC) area 45, a reproduction mode information area 46, a layer designating one of the layers of the multi-layer disc, an address area 48 and an extra area 49 are provided. have.

The reproduction mode information 46 consists of 1-byte (8 bits) and is configured as shown in Fig. 3, and the 8-bit reproduction mode information includes the upper four bits of the charging information 51 and the copy management information 52. ) Consists of the lower 4 bits. The billing information 51 shows whether the file or the program that contains the file is free or whether a payment must be made for viewing by a pay-per-view for viewing or a pay-per-copy for copying. May be exemplified by codes or flags specifying whether a fee should be paid for copying. The 4-bit copy management information 52 is further divided into 2-bit copy generation data 53 and 2-bit copy allow / prohibit data 54. The 2-bit copy generation data 53 specifies the original, first copy generation, second copy generation and third or more copy generations as "00", "01", "10" and "11", respectively. 2-bit copy allow / prohibit data 54 is free to copy at "00", "01", "10" and "11", allows copying up to the second copy generation, permits copying only for the first copy generation and copies Specify each prohibition.

When transmitting data, the original reproduction mode information including, for example, charging information or copy management information 52 is not directly used for recording or transmission, but is encrypted according to preset key information. This encrypted reproduction mode information is arranged at a predetermined position in the sector header area 43, that is, at the position of the reproduction mode information 46.

4 is a diagram illustrating an exemplary example of converting 8-bit reproduction mode information by data conversion to encrypt using 8-bit key information. That is, in Fig. 4, the original reproduction mode information is supplied to the input terminal 61, but 8-bit key information is supplied to the input terminal 62. This bit data is sent to the ExOR circuit 63 to be taken out of the output terminal 64 Ex-OR bit by bit to form 8-bit encrypted reproduction mode information. As the key information, for example, identification information is used as described below.

If encryption is performed in this manner using the key information, contents of the original playback mode are unknown when there is no key information, so that unauthorized operations such as modification or change of contents can be effectively prevented.

FIG. 5 shows an example in which data conversion for encryption using not only key information but also 8-bit address information, for example, the lower 1 byte of a sector address, is performed. That is, in the example of FIG. 5, the original reproduction mode information, the 8-bit key information, and the lower 1 byte (8 bits) of the sector address are supplied to the input terminals 65, 66, 67, respectively. These three types of 8-bit data are transmitted to the Ex-OR circuit 68, Ex-OR bit by bit to generate 8-bit encrypted reproduction mode information, and output at the output terminal 69.

By using a portion of the sector address for data conversion for encryption, the encrypted reproduction mode information is changed from sector to sector to further improve the effect in preventing alteration or unauthorized use.

Meanwhile, data conversion for encryption is not limited to the examples of FIGS. 4 and 5. For example, pseudo-random numbers of M sequences may be used for the conversion. Logical operations by AND, OR, ExOR, NAND, NOR, inverter circuits, or combination circuits thereof may be used instead of the ExOR circuit. Translocations that change data locations or substitutions that replace data values may be used for data conversion instead of logical operations.

6 shows a disc shaped recording medium 101, such as an optical disc, as an example of a recording medium. The disc shaped recording medium 101 has a center hole 102, and when viewed from the inner edge toward the outer edge, a lead-in area 103 which provides a program management area, and a program area in which program data is recorded. 104, and a lead-out area 105 that provides a program end area. In the case of an optical disc for reproducing audio or video data, audio or video data is recorded in the program area 104, but timing information for audio data or video data is managed by the lead-in area 103.

As part of the key information, identification information recorded in an area other than the program area 104 may be used as the data recording area. Specifically, a manufacturing number suitable for a recording medium, a manufacturer identification information, a salesperson identification information, identification information suitable for a recording device or an encoder, or a device for manufacturing a recording medium such as a cutting machine or a stamper Identification information such as identification information may be recorded in the lead-in area 103 or the lead-out area 105 as the TOC area. That is, the identification information as the key information is recorded in the TOC area using the recording head 19 to which the information has been transmitted. In the case of reproduction, the identification information can be used as key information for decryption by reproducing from the TOC area using the reproduction head 21. The identification information can be physically or chemically recorded in one area inside the lead-in area 103 so that it can be used as key information for decryption and read during playback.

The reproduction mode information may be recorded at any position without fixing the recording position, in which case the positioning information for designating the recording position of the reproduction mode information is set in advance such as the TOC area of the lead-in area 103. Can be written to the area. In this case, the recording position of the reproduction mode information can be directly designated by the positioning information in the TOC area 103. Alternatively, the pointer of data may be designated by the positioning information in the TOC area, and the recording position of the reproduction mode information is designated by the pointer.

FIG. 7 shows an example in which the recording position of the reproduction mode information is designated by the pointer 72 as the positioning information in the TOC data area 71. As shown in FIG. In Fig. 7, the pointer 72 designating the recording position of the reproduction mode information is composed of sector address data 73, offset data 74, byte number data 75, and attribute data. The sector address data 73, the offset data 74, and the byte number data 75 each include a sector 76 preset, an offset of the reproduction mode information of the sector 76, that is, a sector up to the reproduction mode information 77. Specifies the number of bytes from the leading position of and the number of bytes in its reproduction information mode 77.

Since the recording position of the reproduction mode information is not fixed, it is possible to prevent the risk of extraction of reproduction mode information such as copy management information from the same fixed recording position.

Although the reproduction mode information is modified to encrypt using key information or addresses as mentioned above, the original reproduction mode information, that is, the reproduction mode information existing before such conversion can also be used.

The salesman identification number, the manufacturer identification number or the recording device identification number may also be used for the sector address or offset of the pointer.

The above description consists of the transmission of digital data signals. However, the present invention may be applied to the transmission of analog signals.

8 shows an embodiment in which reproduction mode information, in particular, copy management information is added to analog video signals.

In Fig. 8, the protection code signal 81 is mixed in a preset horizontal period of the vertical blanking period of the analog video signals. While the protection code 81 is placed, the horizontal period is 20H for the odd field and 283H for the even field, and H represents the horizontal period. This protection code signal 81 is composed of, for example, 14-bit data 82 and a 6-bit error detection code (CRCC) 83. The 8-bit data 85, following the 6-bit header 84 of the 14-bit data 82, represents the reproduction mode information, in particular the copy management information encrypted using the key information as described above.

As an illustrative example of the contents of data 85 specifying 8-bit playback mode information, the most significant bit (MSB) 86 indicates copy prohibition or copy permission, respectively, with "1" or "0". The next two bits, respectively, are copy generations, namely "00", "01", "10", and "11", respectively, the original, first copy generation, second copy generation, and third or more copy generation, respectively. Indicates. The lower four bits 88 of data 85 represent the category code of the playback device.

If the reproduction mode information of the video signals is encrypted, the contents of the information cannot be known without the key information, and the contents can be prevented from being modified.

The invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments. For example, the present invention can be applied not only to recording on or reproducing from a recording medium, but also generally to transmission of digital or analog signals. The reproduction mode information may also be modified for the number or contents of bits or to include the source contents or the copy history.

1 is a block diagram illustrating an example of an exemplary arrangement in accordance with the present invention.

2 shows an example of a sector format.

3 is a diagram illustrating an example of reproduction mode information.

4 illustrates an embodiment of a data conversion circuit for encryption.

5 illustrates another embodiment of a data conversion circuit for encryption.

6 is a diagram showing an example of a data recording medium.

7 is a diagram showing an example of designating a recording position of reproduction mode information by a pointer;

Fig. 8 is a diagram showing an example of adding reproduction mode information of analog video signals.

Explanation of symbols on the main parts of the drawings

11, 21, 61, 62, 65, 66, 67: input terminal

12: sectoring circuit 13: header additional circuit

14: information addition circuit 15P: terminal

16 error correction coding circuit 18 synchronization additional circuit

19: recording head 20: data recording medium

22: synchronization detection circuit 23: demodulation circuit

25: header separation circuit 26: information detection circuit

27K: terminal 28: sector decomposition circuit

29, 69: output terminal 41: user data area

42: synchronization area 43: header area

46: playback mode information area 51: billing information

52: Copy Management Information 53: Copy Generation Data

Claims (14)

A method of recording data on a recording medium, Recording program data in a program area of the recording medium; A production number of the recording medium, information identifying a manufacturer of the recording medium, vendor identification information, identification information of a recording device used to record the program data on the recording medium, and the program before being recorded on the recording medium. Data-converting reproduction mode information associated with the recording medium according to ciphering key information comprising at least one of identification information of an encoder used to encode data and identification information of the device for manufacturing the recording medium. Wow, Recording the data-converted reproduction mode information on the recording medium. The method of claim 1, And the program data is selected from the group consisting of audio data, video data, and a combination of audio and video data. The method of claim 1, And the recording medium is an optical disc. The method of claim 1, And the reproduction mode information includes at least one of copy management information and charging information. The method of claim 1, And the data-conversion is performed by data of the reproduction mode information and logical operations of the encryption key information. The method of claim 1, And the data-converted reproduction mode information is recorded in a header area of the recording medium. A recording apparatus for recording data on a recording medium, the recording apparatus comprising: Recording means for recording program data in a program area of the recording medium; A production number of the recording medium, information identifying a manufacturer of the recording medium, seller identification information, identification information of the recording device, identification information of an encoder used to encode the program data before recording on the recording medium, and Data-converting means for data-converting reproduction mode information associated with the recording medium in accordance with encryption key information including at least one of identification information of the device for manufacturing a recording medium, And the recording means records the data-converted reproduction mode information on the recording medium. The method of claim 7, wherein And the program data is selected from the group consisting of audio data, video data, and a combination of audio and video data. The method of claim 7, wherein And the recording medium is an optical disc. The method of claim 7, wherein And the data-conversion is performed by data of the reproduction mode information and logical operations of the encryption key information. The method of claim 7, wherein And the data-converted reproduction mode information is recorded in a header area of the recording medium. In the recording medium for use with a data processor, A program area in which program data is stored, A production number of the recording medium, information identifying a manufacturer of the recording medium, vendor identification information, identification information of a recording device used to record the program data on the recording medium, and the program before being recorded on the recording medium. Playback mode information associated with the recording medium, recorded on the signal recording medium, encrypted according to key information including at least one of identification information of the encoder used to encode data, and identification information of the device for manufacturing the recording medium. A recording medium comprising an area having a. A manufacturing number of a recording medium, information identifying a manufacturer of the recording medium, vendor identification information, identification information of a recording device used to record the program data on the recording medium, and the program data before being recorded on the recording medium. Data-transforming the reproduction mode information associated with the signal recording medium according to the encryption key information comprising at least one of identification information of the encoder used to encode the identification information and identification information of the device for manufacturing the recording medium; Recording the data-converted reproduction mode information on the recording medium. The method of claim 13, And the data-converted reproduction mode information is recorded in a header area of the recording medium.