JPH08232237A - Water-area construction having function of dissipating wave and of promoting inhabitation of aquatic organism - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To enhance functions by arranging in internal spaces such bodies as reducing the energy of water flow and promoting the inhabitation of aquatic organisms, the internal spaces being communicated with openings pointed to a body of water. CONSTITUTION: Ring-shaped bodies 6 such as used tires are arranged in the internal spaces 4 of a water-area construction consisting of wave-dissipating blocks 1, e.g. igloos. The energy of waves flowing in from openings 3 decreases as the waves are separated, segmented, and turned inside the internal spaces 4. In this case, the collision and friction between each ringshaped body 6 and the water flow, the rebounding of the water flow due to the elasticity of the ring-shaped bodies 6, the friction between each ring-shaped body 6 and the wall surfaces of the spaces 4, and the movement of the ring-shaped bodies 6 inside the chambers 4, etc., are combined in complex fashion to further reduce the energy of the waves with efficiency. Then air is trapped in the water by the contact between the chambers 4 and the ring-shaped bodies 6 and by the disturbing action of the ring-shaped bodies 6, thereby preventing the devastation of the shore and allowing aquatic organisms to cling to and inhabit the shore. Thus the wave dissipating function can be enhanced, the inhabitation of aquatic organisms is promoted, and waste can be utilized.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a water area structure having a wave-dissipating function and also having a habit promoting function for aquatic organisms. More specifically, the present invention has an excellent wave-dissipating function, in which an object formed of an elastic material such as a waste tire or another object is arranged in the internal space communicating with the water area of the water area structure. Moreover, the quay also has excellent habitat for aquatic life,
It relates to water area structures such as seawalls, breakwaters, piers, dikes, and submerged dikes.

[0002]

[Prior Art] Quays, seawalls, breakwaters, piers, submerged dikes, seawalls for fishing grounds, and seawalls for marine leisure facilities at harbors and fishing ports,
In water area structures such as road revetments, dikes in rivers and harbors, submerged banks, reclaimed revetments, etc., there has been a long-felt demand for a wave-dissipating function for reducing the energy of waves and wind waves and the ability to prevent water splashing. Therefore, various measures have been taken to add a wave-dissipating function to those water area structures.

[0003] Tetrapod (registered trademark) is one of the representative base materials for water area constructions having a wave-dissipating function, and tetrapod has good mateability and stability,
It has been widely used for revetments, breakwaters, breakwaters, breakwaters, and consolidations due to its various characteristics such as high strength, ease of manufacture, and ease of implementation. However, due to the tetra structure in which four legs extend in all directions, tetrapods are used to construct water bodies such as revetments and quays that are relatively narrow in width or high in height. It is hard to be done. Therefore, when forming water bodies such as revetments and quays with an upright structure, upright wave-dissipating blocks that can be stacked one after another in an upright state, or a caisson made of a material such as concrete in a frame shape. Is generally widely used, and in recent years various types of upright wave-dissipating blocks and caisson have been developed and used.

As the upright wave-dissipating block, a wave-dissipating type is also known in which the wave energy is reduced by directly colliding the wave with the wall surface of the water area structure formed from the wave-dissipating block. . However, unlike this, the water structure formed from the wave-dissipating block reduces the energy of the wave while causing the flow of the wave to redirect, rectify, split the wave, trickle, rejoin, and collide. A disappearing system has been developed and is widely used. And in the case of a water area structure of the above method that causes the flow of waves to be diverted, rectified, divided into waves, trickled, re-merged, or collided, avoid direct direct collision of waves with the surface of the water area structure. As a result, damage and destruction of the water area structure can be suppressed, and the wave-dissipating function can be effectively exerted while maintaining the longevity and durability of the water area structure.

Various types of wave-dissipating blocks of the above-described type are known, which are used to change the direction of wave flow, rectify, split waves, narrow stream, and rejoin.
A typical example thereof is a wave-dissipating block having a surface having an opening that opens toward a body of water and an internal space that communicates with the opening. A typical example of a block is "igloo" sold by the applicant, Japan Tetrapod Co., Ltd.
(Registered trademark) and the like. Then, in a water body structure formed by using a wave-dissipating block having an opening on the surface and a space communicating with the opening, which is represented by "igloo", etc., on the wall surface of the water body structure in contact with the water body. A large number of openings are formed, and a large number of internal spaces communicating with the plurality of openings are formed inside the water body structure. As a result, the waves traveling toward the water area structure flow into the internal space while being rectified from the opening on the surface of the water area structure, and diverge, trickle, merge, change the flow direction, While a small collision with the wall of the space occurs, the energy is lost and the wave disappears.

In the wave-dissipating block having the opening on the surface and the internal space communicating with it, the wave rectification, branching, trickling, merging, direction change, collision with the inner space wall surface, etc. can be performed more smoothly. Various efforts have been made to design and improve the wave-dissipating function. However, in many cases, it is often an improvement in the shape and structure of the wave-dissipating block itself, and therefore it cannot be adopted as it is when trying to improve the wave-dissipating function of an already constructed water area structure. There is a drawback that it cannot be commonly applied to the type of wave-dissipating block.

Also, when forming a seawall or other water area structure using caisson, a slit-shaped opening is formed in the front wall portion which is in contact with the water area as a caisson in order to give the water area structure a wave canceling function. It has already been done to use what we have (ie slit caisson). When a water area structure is formed using a slit caisson, waves and water that flow toward or collide with the water area structure due to the slits existing in the front wall of the caisson, water shunt, trickling, change of flow direction, caisson The energy of waves and the like is reduced by taking in the inside and mitigating waves and violent collision of water on the surface of the water area structure. Therefore, the water area structure constructed from the slit caisson has less damage and destruction compared to the water area structure constructed without the slit caisson and has excellent durability, and the noise when the wave collides with the water area structure is low. Have.

However, in the conventional water area structure formed from the slit caisson, since the waves and water are simply guided into the internal space of the caisson through the slit formed in the front wall of the caisson, the wave-dissipating function is still insufficient. It's not something. Moreover, the waves and water that have entered the inside of the caisson through the slits on the front wall of the caisson still have considerable energy, and they remain on the rear and side walls that make up the internal space of the caisson. The strong direct impact damages the caisson and the aquatic structures formed from it, reducing the durable life of the aquatic structures.

[0009] Further, in the conventional water area structure formed by using the wave-dissipating block or caisson, aquatic organisms adhere to the surface of the structure when initially constructed, but after a few years, so-called "isoyake" Aquatic organisms do not inhabit the surface, and it is difficult for aquatic organisms to purify water in the vicinity of the aquatic structures or in the space provided inside the aquatic structures. The phenomenon that it tends to occur easily occurs.

[0010]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a body of water structure having an opening in a portion facing the body of water and having a space communicating with the opening therein, regardless of its type or form. It is to provide a technology for improving the wave canceling function that can be commonly applied. Then, the object of the present invention is to prevent the formation of rocks in the water area structure, promote the inhabitation and growth of aquatic organisms such as microorganisms living in water, small animals, algae, aquatic plants, seafood, etc. It is an object of the present invention to provide a water area structure and a method for constructing it, which can simultaneously purify an aquatic environment by living organisms and, in some cases, can also form a seaweed bed or a fishing nest that is effective for the growth of algae and seafood.

Further, an object of the present invention is to significantly improve the shape and structure of conventional base materials for water-area structures such as wave-dissipating blocks and caisson, and the shape and structure of water-area structures themselves formed from these base materials. It is to provide a technology capable of remarkably improving the wave-dissipating function and the aquatic organism inhabitation promoting function by using them as they are or simply by making a simple design change without making any changes. . Then, an object of the present invention is to provide a technique for improving the wave-dissipating function applicable to both a newly constructed water area structure and an already constructed existing water area structure. In addition, the object of the present invention is to effectively reuse the used materials such as waste tires, which have conventionally been difficult to handle,
It is to provide a water area structure having an excellent wave-dissipating function and an aquatic organism habitat promoting function.

[0012]

As a result of various studies by the present inventors in order to achieve the above object, as a result, a wave-eliminating block having an opening that opens toward a body of water and an internal space that communicates with the opening, In the above-mentioned water area structure constructed from caisson (slit caisson, etc.), without leaving the internal space as it is in the blank state,
When an object that can further promote wave splitting, trickling, direction change, small collision, etc. to reduce the energy of the wave is placed, the object will move, move, deform, etc. within the above-mentioned internal space of the water structure. And found that the wave (water flow) that has flowed into the interior space is diverted, trickled, turned, and collided, so that the energy of the wave (water flow) is reduced and the wave is extinguished. It was Even if the object placed in the internal space is not deformed, moved, or moved, if a predetermined object is placed in the internal space of the water area structure, the waves that have flowed into the internal space will be generated. Colliding with the object, causing shunting, trickling, turning, etc.,
It has been found that the energy of the waves is reduced and the wave is extinguished.

Further, when the above-mentioned object having a wave-dissipating function is arranged in the internal space of the water structure, the present inventors have made contact with the above-mentioned object and the wall surface of the internal space, friction, stirring of the object. Since the intake of air due to the action is promoted, and the area of the part where aquatic organisms can attach and live increases, scald does not occur on the wall of the internal space and the aquatic organisms smoothly inhabit in the internal space. , It has been found that breeding promotes the purification of water and, in some cases, creates algae beds and fishing nests that are effective for the growth of useful resources such as algae and seafood. Further, the inventors of the present invention have found that the technology for improving the wave-dissipating function and the technology for promoting the aquatic life described above by arranging the above-mentioned objects in the internal space of the water area structure communicates with the opening that opens toward the water area In addition to finding that it can be commonly applied to various water area structures with internal spaces that have the function of improving the wave-dissipating function and promoting the aquatic organism inhabitation, water area structures to be newly constructed and water areas already constructed. It has been found that it can be applied to any of the constructs.

Then, the inventors further studied based on the above-mentioned various findings, and as a result, the above-mentioned object to be arranged in the internal space of the water area structure was formed of an elastic material such as a tire. Objects, pebbles, and various other objects may be used, among which annular bodies such as tires,
The ring-shaped assembly, a spherical material formed from an elastic material, has less damage to the water area structure, has a large effect of reducing the energy of waves and water currents, and has an excellent function of promoting aquatic life. I found it. In particular, when a waste tire or an assembly thereof is used as the ring-shaped body or the assembly thereof, it is extremely desirable that the waste tire, which has been difficult to handle as a waste in recent years, can be effectively used at the same time. Moreover, it has been found that the tire is extremely excellent in its wave-dissipating function and inhabiting promotion function of aquatic organisms. Further, the present inventors further dispose of a water purifying material together with the above-mentioned objects in the internal space of the water area structure, prevent wave breakage and splashing, and further promote the purification of water in the water area where the water area structure is provided. The inventors have found out what is possible and have completed the present invention based on these findings.

That is, the present invention is a water area structure having a wave-dissipating function and a habitat promoting function for aquatic organisms, wherein the water area structure has an opening opening toward the water area and an internal space communicating with the opening. In addition, an object capable of reducing the energy of the water flow and promoting the habitation of aquatic organisms is arranged in the internal space by promoting the diversion, trickling, direction change, and small collision of the water flow. It is a water area structure that is characterized by being.

In the above-mentioned water body construct of the present invention,
As the above-mentioned object placed in the internal space of the water area structure, the object itself does not easily fly out from the internal space of the water area structure, and the object itself is not easily destroyed by the waves or water currents flowing into the internal space. Moreover, any object can be used as long as it does not damage the water area structure, and examples thereof include an object made of an elastic material, an object made of plastic, an object made of wood, and gravel.
However, as the object to be placed in the internal space of the water structure, a ring-shaped body made of an elastic material, an assembly made of the ring-shaped body and / or a spherical body made of the elastic material is desirable, and particularly, an elastic material is preferable. Ring and /
Or, since it is particularly desirable to use an assembly of the annulus, the present invention provides an annulus formed of an elastic material, an assembly of the annulus and / or a spherical body of the elastic material for a body of water construction. The preferred embodiment is the one arranged in the internal space.

Further, the present invention provides the following method, namely, during the production of the water body structure, the water flow is diverted, trickled, or diverted into the internal space communicating with the opening of the water body structure that opens toward the water body. A method of arranging an object capable of promoting a small collision or the like to reduce the energy of the water flow and promoting the habitation of aquatic organisms; and ○ Opening the water area of an already constructed water area structure From the outside, an object that can promote water flow diversion, trickling, direction change, small collision, etc. to reduce the energy of the water flow and promote the aquatic life can be provided in the internal space communicating with the opening. A method of inserting and arranging;

Also in the above-mentioned method of the present invention, the above-mentioned object placed in the internal space of the water body structure comprises a ring-shaped body formed of a resilient material, an assembly of the ring-shaped body and / or a resilient material. A preferred embodiment includes a spherical body, particularly a ring-shaped body made of an elastic material and / or an assembly made of the ring-shaped body.

The present invention will be described in detail below. The type of the water area structure of the present invention is not particularly limited, and is constructed so that the whole or part of the water area structure is in contact with water in the water area environment such as a harbor, river, ocean, lake, dam lake, and pond. Any structure will do. Although not limited thereto, typical examples of the water area structure in the present invention include a quay, a seawall, a breakwater, a jetty, a dike, and a submarine built in a water environment such as a port, a river, the ocean, a lake, a dam lake, and a pond. An example is a bank. In this case, the water area structure targeted by the present invention is a water area structure that is constantly in contact with water, or a water area structure that is intermittently in contact with water (for example, a water area structure that is in contact with water only at high tide or when dam is discharged). ).

The water area structure of the present invention has an opening which is open toward the water area and can take in and discharge a water flow (wave), and an internal space which communicates with the opening. The water flow (wave) from the opening may flow into the internal space, and any water area structure that allows the water and the waves flowing into the internal space to flow out to the outside again may be used. The structure, shape, size, scale, material, etc. are not particularly limited. For example, the water body structure of the present invention is a water body structure constructed by extending substantially linearly along the water body partially protruding from the water or submerged in the water when viewed from above (above). Also,
Even if it is a water area structure that is extended in a curved state,
Even if it is a water area structure that extends in a meandering state,
It may be a T-shaped water body structure extending from the shore to the offshore, or other forms of water body structure. Further, the water body structure of the present invention can be formed from various materials such as concrete, heavy concrete, reinforced concrete, steel concrete, rebar / steel concrete, steel materials, reinforced plastics, and composite materials thereof.

Further, in the water body structure of the present invention, the structure, shape, size, etc. of the opening opening toward the water body and the internal space communicating with the water body structure are not particularly limited, and the scale and structure of the whole water body structure, the water body structure. It is good to decide according to various requirements such as the size and shape of the base material such as wave-dissipating block and caisson for constructing the structure, the condition of the aquatic environment where the aquatic structure is constructed, the strength of the wave, the type of aquatic structure, etc. . In that case, the water flow (wave) can be smoothly flowed into the internal space of the water area structure while not giving a large impact to the water area structure, and the above-mentioned object (the energy of the water flow can be reduced. Also, an object that can promote the habitation of aquatic organisms; hereinafter referred to as "object for promoting wave-dissipating and aquatic organism habitation") and the flow of water that has flowed into the internal space through the cooperative action of the opening and the internal space. It is necessary to determine the structure, shape, size, etc. of the opening and the internal space so that the energy of (wave) can be smoothly reduced.

In the water area structure of the present invention, the position and number of open openings facing the water area; the position and number of internal spaces communicating with the openings; the communication structure between the openings and the internal space are not particularly limited. . For example, the water area structure of the present invention has an opening provided only on one wall (front wall) along the length direction (extension direction) of the water area structure, and water can flow through the water area structure. No, so-called barrier type (non-permeable)
Or the structure where the openings are provided in both walls (front wall and rear wall) along the length direction (extension direction) of the water area structure, so that water can flow through the water area structure, so-called permeation It may be a mold structure. Also, the position of the opening in the water area structure, when viewed from the height direction of the water area structure,
Even if it is provided from the top to the bottom so as to cover almost all of it, or if an opening that opens to the water area is provided only at or near the water surface, or at a position other than the above. Good. Further, in the water body structure of the present invention, one internal space may be provided with only one opening communicating with it or may be provided with two or more openings.

In particular, regarding the number of openings and internal spaces provided in the water area structure, the water area structure has a plurality of openings along the length direction (extension direction) of the water area structure and opens toward the water area. It is desirable to have multiple internal spaces communicating with the openings of the water, which can reduce the energy of the water flow (wave) over the entire length of the water structure and inhabit the aquatic life. Can be smoothly promoted.

When the water body structure of the present invention has a plurality of inner spaces, the plurality of inner spaces communicate with each other in the water body structure and flow into one inner space from the opening. Even if it is a structure that allows water and waves to flow to another internal space that is adjacent to it, or multiple internal spaces are independent of each other and the water and waves that flow into one internal space from the opening are adjacent The structure may be such that it flows out again from the opening that has flowed in without flowing into another internal space. Among them, the former water body structure in which a plurality of adjacent inner spaces communicate with each other in the water body structure is preferable, and in such a water body structure, water and waves that have flowed into one inner space are adjacent to another inner space. By also flowing, the water pressure applied to the wall surface of one internal space and the energy of the waves are reduced and alleviated more smoothly, the wave disappearing is performed more smoothly, and the damage of the water area structure due to the waves or the water flow is reduced. Moreover, a relatively mild and favorable environment where aquatic organisms easily inhabit is formed in the internal space. Then, in connecting the plurality of adjacent internal spaces in the water area structure to each other, the plurality of adjacent internal spaces are communicated in at least one of the lateral direction, the vertical direction, the front-back direction, and the diagonal direction. It is desirable to communicate in as many directions as possible while taking into consideration the strength of the water area structure.

As long as it has the above-mentioned structure, the construction form of the water area structure of the present invention is not particularly limited, and the water area structure of the present invention may be, for example, an upright type water area structure, or It may be an inclined type water area structure (for example, a gentle dike). Further, the water area structure of the present invention,
Even if it is formed from a caisson having an opening that opens toward the water area such as a wave-eliminating block or slit,
Alternatively, it may be formed using another base material. Among them, it is particularly preferable that the water body structure of the present invention is constructed by an upright wave-dissipating block or a caisson having an opening.

When the water body structure of the present invention is a water body structure constructed from the upright wave-dissipating block, the upright wave-dissipating block forming the water body structure has an opening opening toward the water body. In addition, any of upright wave-dissipating blocks that can be constructed by stacking wave-dissipating blocks can be used as the water area structure in which the internal space communicating with the opening is formed, and its type, structure, shape, and dimensions. Are not particularly limited. Among them, in the present invention, when the blocking type water area structure is formed from the wave-dissipating block, the upright-type wave-dissipating block such as the above-mentioned "igloo" is preferably used as the upright-type wave-dissipating block. .

In the present invention, when the water area structure is formed by connecting a plurality of caissons in series, at least a slit shape or another shape (for example, a circular shape, an oval shape, or the like) is formed on the front wall portion in contact with the water area as a caisson. Caissons with square, triangular, or other shaped openings may be used. In providing the opening in the front wall of the caisson, the shape of the opening should be such that the openings are distributed at least at least ½ of the height of the caisson and at least ½ of the width of the front wall of the caisson. It is preferable to determine the number and the number so that the water flow can be smoothly taken into the internal space of the caisson. In addition, the front wall of the caisson may not be a vertical wall in some cases, and may have a shape that protrudes slightly outward, for example, in a curved shape, in which case the area of the front wall that can form an opening can be increased. It is possible to increase the inflow amount of the water flow into the internal space.

Further, not only the front wall of the caisson but also the rear wall of the caisson may be provided with an opening. When a caisson having an opening on both the front and rear walls is used, the above-mentioned transmission Mold water bodies can be formed. In addition, if a water passage is provided on the side wall of the caisson, in a water area structure constructed by extending such a caisson in the length direction, water and waves that have flowed into the interior space of one caisson are adjacent to it. It will flow into the inner space of another caisson through the water outlet on the side wall. As a result, the water pressure and wave energy applied to the walls that make up the internal space of one caisson can be reduced and alleviated more quickly, damaging the caisson can be prevented, and the durability of the water area structure can be increased. Moreover, its wave-dissipating function is further enhanced, and in addition, a mild environment more suitable for the inhabitation and growth of aquatic organisms is formed inside the caisson.

Inside each caisson, a necessary number of partitions (in order to reinforce and to dispose the wave-dissipating / aquatic habitat promoting object in a stable state in the caisson internal space, if necessary) Partition walls, shelves, etc.) may be provided. In that case, the partition may be a blocking type that does not allow water to pass through, or may be a water-passing type. Waves and running water that have flowed into the river smoothly flow and disperse through the water passages in the partition, and the wave-dissipating function and the aquatic life promoting function are further improved.

In the water area structure of the present invention, as a wave-dissipating / aquatic organism inhabitation promoting object arranged in the internal space thereof, as described above, water flow diverting, trickling, direction change, small collision, etc. are promoted. It is possible to effectively reduce the energy of water flow and waves flowing into the internal space of the water area structure,
It is durable and can retain its original shape and physical properties for a long time without being damaged by collision with water flow or waves flowing into the internal space of the water area structure or by collision with the wall surface of the internal space. Any object that does not damage the wall surface of the internal space of the water area structure and has the function of promoting the inhabitation of aquatic organisms can be used.

The wave-dissipating / aquatic life inhabitation promoting object may be an object having a heavier specific gravity than water (an object sinking in water) or an object having a lighter specific gravity than water (an object floating in water). Alternatively, an object having a higher specific gravity than water and an object having a lower specific gravity than water may be used together. Depending on the type and structure of the water area structure, the environment of the water area where the water area structure is constructed, the state of the waves, etc., the type, shape, and specific gravity of the wave-dissipating / aquatic habitat facilitating object placed in the internal space of the water area structure. It is possible to adjust the wave length, etc. so that the wave-dissipating function of the object for promoting wave-dissipating / aquatic organisms can be sufficiently exerted according to the environment of each water area, and moreover, it will live in or near the internal space of the water area structure. The type and ecosystem of aquatic organisms can be optimized. For example, without limitation,
When an object that is heavier than the specific gravity of water is used as an object for promoting wave-dissipating and aquatic organisms and the object is placed in the internal space of the water area structure so that it always exists in the water, Organisms that live in water will adhere, inhabit, and multiply on the surface and inside of the facilitating object. On the other hand,
When an object that is lighter than the specific gravity of water is used as the aquatic habitat promoting object, the object exists in the internal space in a state where at least part of it protrudes from the water according to the rise and fall of the water level due to ebb and flow. , A variety of organisms that inhabit a water environment with high tide (such as a tidal flat) are mainly attached, inhabited, and propagated.

Wave-dissipating to be placed in the internal space of the water area structure
The aquatic habitat promoting object can be made of, for example, an elastic material such as rubber, gravel, synthetic resin, wood, or a composite material of those materials and other materials. Among them, from the points of good energy reduction performance of water flow (wave), durability, little damage to the internal space of the water structure, and excellent aquatic life promotion function. In the present invention, it is preferable to use an object formed of an elastic material as the wave-dissipating / aquatic organism inhabitation promoting object arranged in the internal space of the water area structure. In that case, examples of the shape of the object made of the elastic material include a ring-shaped body, an assembly formed by combining a plurality of the ring-shaped bodies, a spherical body, and other massive structures, which are solid. Or a hollow structure. And, as the elastic material constituting the wave-dissipating / aquatic habitat promoting object, rubber, thermoplastic elastomer,
Examples thereof include a composite material having elasticity obtained by combining those elastic materials with other materials such as fiber, cloth, and metal wire, and a sponge made of the elastic material described above.

In the present invention, as the wave-dissipating / aquatic organism inhabitation promoting object, in particular, a ring-shaped body formed of an elastic material and / or an assembly formed by combining a plurality of the ring-shaped bodies is used. Is more preferable, and it is more preferable to use a waste tire which is a kind of ring and / or an assembly thereof. As a wave-dissipating / aquatic habitat promoting object, a ring-shaped body formed of an elastic material, an assembly made of the ring-shaped body,
Alternatively, when a spherical body, especially a ring-shaped body is used, these objects can be easily deformed by external force or their volume can be reduced, so that the existing water area structure already constructed It is possible to easily insert these wave-dissipating / aquatic organism inhabitation promoting objects into the interior space from the outside.

In addition, in the present invention, a ring-shaped body formed of an elastic material as a wave-dissipating / aquatic organism inhabitation promoting object to be arranged in the internal space of the water area structure, its assembly and / or a spherical body formed of an elastic material is used. When used, when these wave-dissipating / aquatic habitat promoting objects are subjected to large external stress due to water currents (waves), their ring shape or spherical shape changes temporarily, causing a variety of movements.
On the other hand, when the force of the water flow (wave) becomes small, it easily restores to its original shape due to its elasticity and shows a different movement from before, and it becomes the state (strength etc.) of the water flow (wave). Since it is repeatedly performed accordingly, a good energy reducing function can be continuously exerted. Moreover, contact between the wave-dissipating / aquatic habitat promoting object and the wall surface in the interior space of the water area structure and friction, as well as intake of air into the water accompanying the stirring action of the wave-dissipating / aquatic habitat promoting object Water erosion is prevented from occurring on the wall surface and its vicinity in the internal space of the structure, and aquatic organisms inhabit and proliferate well in and near the internal space of the water area structure, further promoting purification of water by aquatic organisms. In some cases, the growth of seaweed beds and the creation of fishing nests are achieved.

When an assembly formed by combining a plurality of annular bodies is used as the wave-dissipating / aquatic organism inhabitation promoting object in the present invention, the combined structure of the annular bodies is not particularly limited, and each situation is Suitable for the combination structure, for example, two or three or more ring-shaped bodies intersecting each other in a round shape and combined, a ring-shaped body in which two or more ring-shaped bodies are stacked and fixed in a tubular shape, or a ring-shaped body It is possible to use those in which the two are arranged side by side and connected in a chain. In forming the assembly of the ring-shaped bodies, the plurality of ring-shaped bodies are fixed or joined together by, for example, an adhesive, a rope, a bolt,
It can be performed using a connecting means such as a band, a chain, or a wire. When arranging the ring-shaped assembly in the inner space of the water area structure, the size and shape of the inner space of the water area structure, the method of filling the inner space with the wave-dissipating / aquatic habitat promoting objects, etc. The assembly structure may be adapted to each internal space.

Then, as a wave-dissipating / aquatic habitat promoting object placed in the internal space of the water area structure, a used tire (waste tire), which is a kind of ring-shaped body, or an assembly formed by combining a plurality of tires is used. When used, it leads to effective utilization of waste tires that have been difficult to handle as waste, and is extremely useful from this point as well. Moreover, waste tires often have sufficient strength and durability, and even if the shape is temporarily changed by the pressure of high water flow or waves, it can be easily restored to its original shape.
Due to its excellent elasticity, temporary deformation and subsequent restoration to the original shape, it is possible to effectively reduce the energy of the water flow (waves) that has flowed into the space of the water area structure. It is extremely effective, and in addition to the outer surface of the tire, aquatic organisms adhere to and grow on the inner surface of the tire.

When the water area structure is formed from heavy concrete, reinforced concrete, or other strong and heavy base material such as a wave-dissipating block or caisson, a tire or other wave-dissipating / aquatic habitat promotion is promoted. You may put a weight etc. on the object and increase the weight, and in that case, the wave-dissipating / aquatic habitat promoting object may move in the internal space of the water structure or collide with the wall of the internal space. However, there is no movement, collapse or damage to the water structure.

Wave-dissipating to be placed in the internal space of the water area structure
The number of aquatic organism inhabitation promoting objects can be adjusted as appropriate according to the structure, shape, and size of the internal space, and the size and shape of the wave-dissipating / aquatic organism inhabiting promoting object. The number of the wave-dissipating / aquatic habitat promoting objects may be one, two, three or more, and when a plurality of objects are arranged, a large number may be arranged. Also,
The size of the wave-dissipating / aquatic habitat promoting object may be appropriately adjusted according to the size and shape of the internal space. However, the size of the wave-dissipating / aquatic habitat facilitating object should be such that the wave-dissipating / aquatic habitat promoting object is not discharged outside the water structure along with the water flow (wave). . In addition, the wave-dissipating / aquatic organism habitation promoting objects arranged in the internal space of the water area structure may all have the same type, shape, structure, size, or the like, or may be different from each other.

[0039] Then, the wave breaks into the internal space of the water area structure
The method of arranging the aquatic organism inhabitation promoting objects may be appropriately selected according to the type of water area structure, the environment of the water area where the water area structure is constructed, and the like. For example, in the internal space of the water structure, the wave-dissipating / aquatic habitat facilitating object may be arranged to move (move) violently (largely) or to move (move) to some extent. Alternatively, they may be arranged so that they hardly move (move).

When the wave-dissipating / aquatic organism inhabitation promoting object is movably arranged in the inner space of the water area structure, the wave-dissipating / aquatic organism inhabiting object may be simply put in the inner space, or Attaching a linear connecting means consisting of rope, string, chain, etc. of an appropriate length to the wave-dissipating / aquatic habitat promoting object, and attaching the other of the linear connecting means to an appropriate location of the water area structure, Even if the wave-dissipating / aquatic habitat promoting object is attached to the water structure while allowing the wave-dissipating / aquatic habitat promoting object to move in the inner space, or several wave-disintegrating / aquatic habitat promoting You may put in a bag etc. from cloth etc. and arrange | position it movably in an internal space.

When a wave-dissipating / aquatic habitat promoting object is movably arranged in the inner space by using a linear connecting means, or a plurality of wave-dissipating / aquatic habitat promoting objects are placed in a bag or the like. In case of placing it in the inner space so that it can be moved, it is possible to regulate the movement of the wave-dissipating / aquatic habitat facilitating object in the inner space to some extent, and thereby the water flow (wave). Can be set to a predetermined energy reduction state. In addition, when the wave-dissipating / aquatic habitat promoting object is damaged due to long-term use and needs to be replaced, a linear connecting means is pulled from the outside of the water area structure to dissipate the wave / aquatic habitat promoting object. It becomes easy to take out the bag to the outside or to take it out with the bag and replace it with another one. When arranging the wave-dissipating / aquatic organism habitation promoting object in the internal space of the water area structure so that it can be moved (moved), it is easy to arrange the wave-dissipating / aquatic habitat promoting object in the internal space. Depending on the inflow form of the water flow (wave) into the internal space, the magnitude of the energy of the water flow (wave), etc. Can be demonstrated.

On the other hand, when the wave-dissipating / aquatic habitat facilitating object is arranged in the inner space of the water area structure so as not to move (move), for example, a rope, a string, a chain, a bolt, or other fixing means is used. A method of fixing the wave-dissipating / aquatic habitat promoting object itself to the inner space so that it does not move; a plurality of wave-dissipating / aquatic habitat promoting objects are filled in a net, a cage, a permeable frame, etc., A method of arranging it so that it does not move within the internal space of the water area structure; it fills up the predetermined internal space of the water area structure and is filled with a large number of wave-dissipation / aquatic habitat facilitating objects so that they do not move. Method; a method of partitioning the inner space of the water area structure into a narrow space by a partition, and filling the narrow space with a material for promoting wave-dissipating and aquatic organism habitation so as not to move. And, particularly, the above methods (1) to (4) are suitable for arranging the wave-dissipating / aquatic habitat promotion object so as not to move into the internal space of the water area structure constructed from the caisson having a relatively large internal space. .

Then, the wave disappears in the inner space of the water area structure.
Elasticity as a wave-dissipating / aquatic habitat facilitating object in any case where the aquatic habitat promoting object is movably arranged, slightly moved, or hardly moved. When a ring-shaped body made of a conductive material or its assembly is used, the waves and water flowing into the internal space cause the wave-dissipation and elastic deformation of the aquatic habitat promotion object to cause its wave-dissipation function. Can be fully exerted, and an environment suitable for inhabiting and multiplying aquatic organisms can be made to appear in the internal space.

When disposing the object for promoting wave-dissipating and aquatic life in the inner space of the water area structure,
An aquatic habitat facilitating object is placed in the internal space of the water structure such that the internal space is completely or almost completely filled with the wave-dissipating / aquatic habitat promoting object. Alternatively, it may be arranged such that there is a space not filled with the wave-dissipating / aquatic organism inhabitation promoting object in the internal space. In particular, in a water area structure that is formed from caisson etc. and has a large internal space, do not partition the internal space or partition it regularly with water-permeable partitions (partition walls, eye plates, shelves, slates, etc.). , The wave-dissipating / aquatic organism inhabiting promotion objects can be regularly arranged at predetermined intervals in the partitioned internal space, for example, in a checkered pattern. In that case,
It is possible to add good wave-dissipation function and aquatic organism habitat promotion function to aquatic structures while suppressing the amount of the wave-dissipation / aquatic habitat promotion objects placed in the internal space from becoming enormous. it can.

Further, in a water area structure formed of caisson or the like and having a wide internal space, an object or material other than the wave-dissipating / aquatic habitat promoting object is arranged in a part of the internal space as necessary. It may be filled or filled. For example,
Sand, stones, earth and sand, steel materials, such as the bottom of the internal space, the back side of the internal space that does not face the water area, the central strip along the length direction (extending direction) of the water area structure in the internal space,
Other heavy objects are filled to add weight and strength to the water area structure to prevent the water area structure from collapsing or moving, and at the remaining part of the internal space, a wave-dissipating / aquatic habitat promotion object is provided. It can be fully packed and placed, or partially with some space left.

Further, in the present invention, a water purifying material which is known to have a shell and other water purifying action as necessary, together with the above-mentioned wave-dissipating / aquatic organism habit promoting substance, The internal space of the structure may be placed in the internal space of the water structure in a form that does not easily wash away (eg, in a water-permeable bag, form, container, etc.),
In that case, the water quality of the aquatic environment can be further promoted by the functions of both the water purification function of the wave-dissipating / aquatic organism habituation promoting object and the water purification function of the shell and other water purification materials.

The construction method and working method for obtaining the water area structure of the present invention are not particularly limited, and the wave-dissipating / aquatic organism habitation promoting object is arranged in the internal space communicating with the opening opening toward the water area. Any method can be adopted as long as it is possible to obtain the existing water area structure. Although not limited thereto, the method of forming a water body structure of the present invention includes (1) using a base material such as a wave-dissipating block or a caisson (slit caisson) having an opening, etc. At the time of construction, a method of simultaneously arranging a wave-dissipating / aquatic habitat facilitating object in the internal space that communicates with the opening of the water area structure that opens toward the water area; A body for promoting wave-dissipating and aquatic life in advance is placed in an internal space communicating with an opening opening toward the water area in, and a water body structure is formed in the water environment using such a substrate; (3) After a water body structure is formed in a water body environment using a base material such as a wave breaking block or a caisson, a wave breaker is generated in the internal space communicating with the opening of the water body structure that opens toward the water body.・ Aquatic life A method of inserting and arranging a breath promoting object from the outside; (4) A method of externally inserting and arranging a wave-dissipating / aquatic habitat promoting object in the internal space of an existing water area structure that has already been constructed; And so on.

In particular, an object formed of an elastic material as the wave-dissipating / aquatic habitat promoting object, preferably a ring-shaped body made of an elastic material, an assembly thereof and / or a spherical body, particularly formed of an elastic material. If a ring is used,
As described above, the volume and size of these wave-dissipating / aquatic habitat promoting objects are temporarily compressed, deformed, or reduced to a size suitable for external insertion into the internal space of the water structure by pressing. Therefore, the above method (3) or (4) can be smoothly performed.
In that case, in order to facilitate the insertion of the wave-dissipating / aquatic habitat facilitating object into the internal space, a part of the wave-dissipating / aquatic habitat promoting object may be provided with a notch or notch in the internal space. May be inserted into.

As described above, in the case of the present invention, the wave-dissipating blocks and caissons which have been sold in the past can be used as they are, or can be carried out on the already constructed water area structure. However, in some cases, hydraulic experiments and mathematical analysis are performed according to the type, shape, structure, size, etc. of the wave-dissipating / aquatic habitat facilitating object placed in the internal space of the water area structure. Thus, a base material such as a wave-dissipating block or caisson suitable for carrying out the present invention may be newly designed and used.

[0050]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

First, a specific example of the water area structure of the present invention formed by using the above-mentioned "igloo" which is one of the upright wave-dissipating blocks will be described. The "igloo" has the appearance shown in FIG. 1, and by stacking the "igloo" as shown in FIG. 2, a water area structure such as an upright seawall is formed. Then, in the water body structure thus formed, as shown in the vertical cross-sectional view of FIG. 3 (cut plane A-A), each of the wave-dissipating blocks 1 (“igloos”) has an upper portion. By the action of the existing horizontal plate 2, the vertical motion of the waves is converted into a horizontal flow to form a water mass, which is guided from the opening 3 to the elliptical internal space (chamber) 4 of the wave-eliminating block 1, The water mass guided to the internal space (chamber) 4 is largely caused by straight traveling, shunting, friction with the inner wall surface of the internal space (chamber) 4, etc., as shown in the cross-sectional view of FIG. Loses energy. Along with that, as shown in the vertical sectional view (section C-C) of FIG. 5, the wave (water flow) flowing into the internal space (chamber) 4 is between the wave-eliminating blocks 1 stacked vertically. It also flows through the gap 5 and loses its energy further due to its direction change, narrowing, shunting, friction with its flow path wall, etc., so that the wave is effectively eliminated.

In the water area structure of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 6 (a), inside the inner space (chamber) 4 of the water area structure formed from the wave-dissipating block 1 such as "igloo". A ring-shaped body 6 formed of an elastic material such as a waste tire, an assembly formed by assembling a plurality of ring-shaped bodies 6 such as tires as shown in FIGS. 6B to 6E, or FIG. One or more spherical bodies 7 formed of an elastic material as shown in (f) of FIG.
Arrange as shown in FIG. Here, FIGS.
Is inside the internal space (chamber) 4 of the water body structure formed from the wave-dissipating block 1 such as "igloo",
It is the figure which showed typically the case where one ring-shaped object 6 such as a tire was arrange | positioned, FIG. 7 is a vertical cross-sectional view (cut surface of AA) of a water area construction, and FIG. Figure (B
8 is a vertical sectional view of the water area structure (C-).
The cut surface of C) is shown.

By arranging the ring-shaped bodies 6 (objects for promoting wave-dissipation / aquatic habitat promotion) in the internal space (chamber) 4 of the water area structure as described above, the internal space (chamber) 4 of the water area structure 4 is arranged. Inside, the water flow splitting, trickling, direction change, collision and friction between the ring-shaped body 6 and the water flow, water flow rebound effect based on the elasticity of the ring-shaped body 6, the ring-shaped body 6 and the wall surface of the internal space (chamber) 4. Friction between rings, ring 6
The movement (movement) in the inner space (chamber) 4 of the above is further complicatedly intertwined, the energy of the water flow (wave) is further effectively reduced, and the wave-dissipation is further promoted. At the same time, the ring-shaped body 6 comes into contact with the wall surface of the internal space (chamber) 4 of the water area structure, the wall surface is rubbed by the ring-shaped body 6, and air is taken into the water flow by the stirring action of the ring-shaped body 6. , Sea erosion is prevented, aquatic organisms adhere to the aquatic structure and live, and aquatic organisms also exist on the outer surface and inner surface of the ring-shaped body 6 (object for promoting wave-dissipating / aquatic organism habitation) and its surface. As they become habitat, water will be purified at the same time.

7 to 9, the case where one ring-shaped body 6 is arranged in each internal space (chamber) 4 of the water area structure is specifically described, but of course, it is not limited thereto. , The wave-dissipating / aquatic organism habitation promoting object arranged in the inner space (chamber) 4 may be something other than the ring-shaped body 6, and the wave-dissipating / aquatic organism habitat promotion arranged in each inner space (chamber) 4 The number of objects is not always 1
The number may be two or more instead of one, and in some cases, it is arranged in each internal space (chamber) 4 according to the height position from the water bottom of the internal space (chamber) 4, the lateral position, etc. The type and number of the wave-dissipating / aquatic habitat promoting objects may be changed as appropriate.

Next, a specific example of the water body structure of the present invention formed by using a caisson will be described. FIG. 10: is a figure which shows an example of the embankment and other water area constructions which extended several caisson (slit caisson) 8 in the length direction, and was constructed on the front wall 9 of the caisson 8 which comprises a water area construction. Has a slit 10 opened toward the water area for allowing water flow and waves to flow into the internal space of the caisson 8. In the inner space of the caisson 8 shown in FIG.
Partitions 11 and 12 are provided in order to improve the strength of and to arrange the wave-dissipating / aquatic organism inhabitation promoting object 13 in a stable state at a predetermined position in the internal space of the caisson 8. And
Inside the internal space partitioned by partitions 11 and 12,
The wave-dissipating / aquatic organism habitation promoting object 13 is arranged so as to be completely filled in every corner so that there is no unfilled portion.
In the water area structure of FIG. 10, in the inner space on the right side of each caisson 8, a wave-dissipating / aquatic organism composed of an assembly in which three ring-shaped bodies shown in FIG. The habitat promoting object 13 is filled and arranged, and the wave-dissipating / aquatic organism habitat promoting object 13 made of a ring-shaped body shown in FIG. .

Further, in the water area structure of FIG. 10, the partitions 11 and 12 are provided in the internal space of the caisson 8. However, in some cases, the partitions may not be provided, or the partitions may be provided by another method. Furthermore, in the water area structure of FIG.
The right and left sides of the inner space of the caisson 8 are filled with different types of wave-dissipating / aquatic habitat facilitating objects 13 as described above, but the present invention is not limited to this and is the same for both. Even if the types of wave-dissipating / aquatic habitat promoting objects 13 are arranged, or the wave-dissipating / aquatic habitat promoting objects 13 different from those in FIGS. 6A and 6C are filled and arranged. Good. Further, in the water area structure of FIG. 10, the filling amount and the arrangement amount of the wave-dissipating / aquatic organism inhabiting promotion object 13 in the internal space of the caisson 8 are reduced,
The wave-dissipating / aquatic habitat facilitating object 13 may be movable to some extent in the internal space, or may be allowed to move considerably freely. Furthermore, a water-permeable or water-impermeable lid (not shown) or the like is attached to the upper part of the caisson 8 to fill the inside space of the caisson 8 and arrange the wave-dissipating / aquatic habitat promoting object 13 May be prevented from jumping out of the caisson 8.

Next, FIG. 11 is a diagram showing another example of a water area structure constructed by extending a plurality of caissons (slit caisson) 8 in the longitudinal direction, and each of the water area structures shown in FIG. The front wall 9 of the caisson 8 has a slit 10 that opens toward the body of water. In the internal space of the caisson 8 of FIG. 11, there are provided partitions 11 and 12 for partitioning the internal space of the caisson 8 into a front surface portion and a rear surface portion, and a left half portion and a right half portion. Only the part is filled with the wave-dissipating / aquatic habitat promoting object 13 and arranged. In the water area structure of FIG. 11, it is not necessary to fill the space 14 in the rear surface part partitioned by the partition 11 with each other, but in order to reinforce the water area structure and increase the weight, gravel, sand, etc. It is desirable to fill with heavy objects (not shown) such as stones, stones and the like.

Also in the case of the water area structure shown in FIG. 11, different wave-dissipating / aquatic habitat facilitating objects 13 are filled and arranged in the spaces on the right and left halves of the front part [in the inner space on the right side of the front part]. Is a wave-dissipating / aquatic habitat promoting object 13 composed of an assembly in which the three ring-shaped bodies shown in FIG. Object 13 for promoting wave-dissipation and aquatic life in the form of a ring shown in a)
However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and even if the same type of wave-dissipating / aquatic life inhabiting promoting object 13 is arranged, or a type of wave-dissipation different from those of (a) and (c) of FIG. wave·
The aquatic organism habitat promoting object 13 may be arranged. Also,
In the water area structure of FIG. 11, the wave-dissipating / aquatic organism inhabitation promoting object 13 in the front part of the internal space of the caisson 8
It is also possible to reduce the amount of filling and the amount of arrangement of the water-dissipating / aquatic organism habitation promoting object 13 that can move to some extent within the internal space, or can move quite freely. Furthermore, a water-permeable or water-impermeable lid (not shown) is attached to the upper part of the caisson 8, and the wave-dissipating / aquatic habitat promoting object is filled and arranged in the front part of the internal space of the caisson 8. 1
3 may be prevented from jumping out of the caisson 8.

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing still another example of the water area structure constructed by connecting a plurality of slit caisson 8 in the lengthwise direction. Also in the water area structure of FIG. 12, the slits 10 that open toward the water area are formed in the front wall 9 of each caisson 8. In the water area structure of FIG. 12, a partition 15 such as a shelf is provided in the internal space of the caisson 8 to partition the internal space of the caisson 8 into an upper part and a lower part. Then, the wave-dissipating / aquatic organism inhabitation promoting object 13 is filled and arranged only in the upper space partitioned by the partition 15. In addition, a wave of a cage or other water-passing plate 16 is placed (covered) on the upper surface of the wave-dissipating / aquatic organism inhabitation promoting object 13 filled / arranged on the upper part of the partition (shelf) to dissipate the wave. It is possible to prevent the aquatic organism habitation promoting object 13 from significantly moving and jumping out of the internal space of the caisson 8.

In the water area structure of FIG. 12, the partition 15
It is not necessary to fill anything in the lower space 17 partitioned by the space, but in order to reinforce the water area structure and increase the weight, heavy materials such as gravel, sand, stone, and steel materials (not shown) are provided in the space 17. ) Is desirable to be filled. Further, in the water area structure of FIG. 12, instead of placing the water passage plate 16 on the upper surface of the wave-dissipating / aquatic organism habitation promoting object 13 filled / disposed in the upper space, The whole may be filled in a water-permeable outer shell (not shown) such as a strong net, a basket, or a water-permeable box and placed on the partition (shelf) 15.

FIG. 13 is a diagram showing still another example of a dike or other water area structure formed by connecting a plurality of caissons (slit caisson) 8. In the water area structure of FIG. 13, each caisson 8 is also shown. The front wall 9 has a slit 10 that opens toward the body of water. In the water body structure of FIG. 13, the internal space of the caisson 8 is partitioned 11,
It is divided into front and rear and left and right by 12 and is further divided into upper and lower parts by a partition 15 such as a shelf.
And, the space 13 above the front part surrounded by the partitions 11, 12 and 15 is filled with the wave-dissipating / aquatic organism inhabitation promoting object 13 and disposed, and the upper surface thereof is covered with a cage or other water-passing plate. 16 is placed (covered) to prevent a large movement of the wave-dissipating / aquatic organism inhabitation promoting object 13 and a jump from the internal space of the caisson 8.

In the water area structure of FIG. 13, the partition 1
It is not necessary to fill anything in the space 14 at the rear surface part partitioned by 1, 12 and the space 17 at the lower part of the front surface partitioned by the partitions 11, 12 and 15 for reinforcement of the water area structure and weight increase. It is desirable that the space 14 and the space 18 be filled with heavy objects (not shown) such as gravel, sand, stone, and steel. Further, also in the water area structure of FIG. 13, instead of placing the water passage plate 16 on the upper surface of the wave-dissipating / aquatic organism habitation promoting object 13 filled / disposed in the space on the upper front, the wave-dissipating / aquatic organism habitation promotion is performed. The entire object 13 is filled in a water-permeable outer shell (not shown) such as a strong net, basket, or water-permeable box, and is placed on the partition (shelf) 15. Good.

In the above-mentioned water area structure illustrated in FIGS. 10 to 13, the partitions 11, 12, 15 provided in the internal space of the caisson 8 and the side walls (outer walls on the left and right) 19 of the caisson 8 are water impermeable. Although it may be a mold, if the partition or the side wall 19 is provided with a water passage (for example, a slit, a circular hole, a square hole, or another shape opening) for allowing water to pass therethrough, the front wall 9 slits 10
The water and waves that have flowed into the interior space of the caisson 8 from the water flow through the partitions 11, 12, 15 inside the caisson 8 and the side wall 19 of the caisson 8 to extend in the length direction (extension direction) or up and down of the water area structure. It is also possible to flow in the direction, and as a result, the reduction of the energy of the waves and water that have flowed into the internal space of the caisson 8 and the elimination of the wave can be reduced by the longitudinal direction of the water area structure formed from the caisson 8 ( Can be achieved more smoothly and smoothly over the entire length (in the extension direction), and the waves and water that have flowed into the internal space of the caisson 8 can be divided into the partition inside the caisson 8, the side wall 19, and the rear wall 20.
It is desirable because the force (energy) exerted on the caisson can be reduced, the damage to the caisson and the water area structure composed of it can be greatly reduced, and the durable life of the caisson can be extended.

In the above case, the partitions 11, 12, 15 and the side wall 19 of the caisson 8 may be provided with water passages partially or partially, depending on the size of the caisson 8 and the caisson. It is advisable to decide which partition or side wall should be provided with a water inlet according to the conditions of the water area where the water area structure is constructed. Also, the partitions 11, 12, 15
And / or the position, size, number, shape, etc. of the water passages provided on the side wall 19 of the caisson 8, the condition of the water area where the water structure is constructed, the structure and shape of the caisson, the size, the number and position of partitions within the caisson. It is better to select the one that is more suitable according to the above.

Further, in the water area structure illustrated in FIGS. 10 to 13, when the rear wall 20 of the caisson 8 has a blocking structure without an opening, the water entering the slit 10 of the front wall 9 of the caisson 8 flows in. Is again discharged from the slit 10 to form a block type water area structure. On the other hand, FIG.
In the water area structure illustrated in FIG. 13, when the rear wall 20 of the caisson 8 is also provided with slits and other openings and the partition 12 is provided with a water passage, the slit 10 of the front wall 9 of the caisson 8 flows in. Then, the water flows out from both the slit 10 of the front wall 9 and the opening of the rear wall 20, and the water that flows in from the opening of the rear wall 20 of the caisson 8 opens in the slit 10 of the front wall 9 and the rear wall 20. A transparent water body structure is formed that flows out of the area. Whether the water body structure of FIGS. 10 to 13 is a blocking type or a permeating type,
It may be decided according to the type of water area structure and the conditions of the water area where it is constructed.

Next, FIG. 14 is a view showing still another example of a dike or other water area structure formed by connecting caissons (slit caissons) 8 in a plurality of length directions, and also in the water area structure of FIG. A slit 10 is formed on the front wall 9 of each caisson 8 so as to open toward the body of water. In the water area structure of FIG. 14, the interior space of each caisson 8 is partitioned into front and rear and left and right by partitions 11 and 12, and the space on the front left side is divided into upper, middle and lower parts by two partitions 21 and 22 such as shelves. Three
The space is divided into two spaces, and the space on the front right side is divided into two spaces, an upper space and a lower space, by a partition 23 such as a shelf. And two partitions 21 provided in the space on the front left side
The wave-dissipating / aquatic life inhabitation promoting object 13 is arranged on each of the above-mentioned and 22, and the wave-dissipating / aquatic life inhabiting promoting object 13 is arranged on the partition 23 on the front right side. By alternately arranging the arrangement form of the aquatic organism habitation promoting objects 13 in the length direction (extension direction) of the water area structure,
The entire water area structure has a structure in which the wave-dissipating / aquatic organism inhabitation promoting objects 13 are regularly arranged in a checkered pattern within the internal space.

Also in the case of the water area structure of FIG. 14, as in the case of the water area structure of FIG. 12 and FIG. An object 13 for wave-dissipating and aquatic habitat promotion is placed (covered) on the upper surface of the fish cage and other water-passing plates 16.
It prevents the large movement of the water and the jumping out of the internal space of the caisson 8, but is not limited to this, and the whole of the wave-dissipating / aquatic habitat promoting object 13 placed on each partition is durable. The inside of a water-permeable outer shell (not shown) such as a transparent net, basket, or water-permeable box is filled with the partition 21,
You may make it mount on 22 and 23. This FIG.
In the water body structure of No. 1, it is not necessary to fill the space 14 at the rear surface part partitioned by the partitions 11 and 12 with each other, but in order to reinforce the water body structure and increase the weight, gravel, sand, stones, etc. It is desirable to fill a heavy material (not shown) such as steel.

Also, in FIG. 14, the space on the left side of the front surface of each caisson 8 constituting the water area structure is partitioned into three spaces of upper, middle and lower parts, and the space on the right side of the front surface is partitioned into upper and lower parts. However, the space on the front left side of the caisson 8 is divided into four spaces up and down according to the size of the caisson 8 and the size of its internal space. Is divided into three spaces up and down in an alternating manner with the partition on the right side of the front surface,
Even if the aquatic organism habitat promoting objects 13 are alternately arranged, the water-dissipating structure 13 as a whole has a wave-dissipating / aquatic organism habitat promoting object 13
May also be regularly arranged in a checkered pattern, and other partitioning methods (objects for promoting wave-dissipating / aquatic organism inhabitation 13
Method of arrangement). Further, in the water area structure illustrated in FIG. 14, the partitions 12, 22 and 23 are provided without contacting the rear wall 20 until they come into contact with the rear wall 20, and the wave-dissipating / aquatic habitat promoting object 13 is provided on these partitions.
May be arranged.

FIG. 15 is a diagram showing still another example of a dike or other water area structure formed by connecting a plurality of caissons (slit caisson) 8. Also in the water area structure of FIG. The front wall 9 has a slit 10 that opens toward the body of water. FIG.
In the water area construction of (1), the internal space of each caisson 8 is partitioned by front and rear and left and right by partitions 11 and 12. Then, instead of arranging the wave-dissipating / aquatic organism habitation promotion objects 13 in all of the spaces in front of each caisson 8, every other space in front of the caisson 8 is used for wave-dissipating / aquatic habitat promotion. The object 13 is arranged. In the water area structure of FIG. 15, the space 13 on the rear surface of the caisson 8 in which the wave-dissipating / aquatic organism habitation promoting object 13 is not arranged.
The space 21 in the front part of the caisson 8 in which the wave-dissipating / aquatic organism inhabitation promoting object 13 is not placed may be filled with nothing, but in order to reinforce the water area structure and increase the weight, the space 14 and The space 24 may be filled with a heavy object (not shown) such as gravel, sand, stone, and steel.

In the water area structure illustrated in FIGS. 14 and 15, the partitions 11, 12, 21, 22, 23 provided in the internal space of the caisson 8 and the side wall 19 of the caisson 8 are of a water-proof type. However, if a water passage (for example, a slit, a circular hole, a square hole, or an opening of another shape) for allowing water to pass through is provided in the partition or the side wall 19, the front wall 9 may be provided. Slit 10
Water and waves that have flowed into the interior space of the caisson 8 from the partition 11, 12, 21, 22, 2 inside the caisson 8
3 and the side wall 19 of the caisson 8 and can flow in the longitudinal direction (extension direction) and the vertical direction of the water area structure. As a result, the waves flowing into the internal space of the caisson 8 It is possible to smoothly and reasonably reduce the energy of the water flow and to dissipate the water over the entire length (extension direction) of the water area structure formed from the caisson 8, and further, the internal space of the caisson 8 can be achieved. Waves and water that have flowed into the partition inside the caisson 8, side wall 1
9. The force (energy) exerted on the rear surface wall 20 is reduced, the damage to the caisson and the water area structure can be greatly reduced, and its life can be extended, which is desirable.

In the above case, the partitions 11, 12, 21,
22 and 23 and the side wall 19 of the caisson 8 may be provided with water passages in all or a part thereof, depending on the size of the caisson 8, the state of the water body where the water body structure comprising the caisson is constructed, and the like. It is advisable to decide the type of partition and side wall where the water passage will be installed. Also, the partition 11,1
2, 21, 22, 23 and / or the position, size, number, shape, etc. of the water passages provided on the side wall 19 of the caisson 8, the conditions of the water area where the water area structure is constructed, the structure and shape of the caisson, the caisson. It is preferable to select a partition that is more suitable according to the number and position of the partitions inside.

Further, in the water area structure illustrated in FIGS. 14 and 15, when the rear wall 20 of the caisson 8 has a blocking structure without an opening, the water entering the slit 10 of the front wall 9 of the caisson 8 flows in. Is again discharged from the slit 10 to form a block type water area structure. On the other hand, in the water area structure illustrated in FIG. 14 and FIG. 15, when the rear wall 20 of the caisson 8 is also provided with slits and other openings and the partition 12 is provided with a water passage port, the front wall 9 of the caisson 8 is The slit 10 flows in and water flows out from both the slit 10 of the front wall 9 and the opening of the rear wall 20, and the water further flows in from the opening of the rear wall 20 of the caisson 8 to the slit 10 of the front wall 9 and the rear. A permeable type water area structure is formed which flows out from the opening of the face wall 20. Whether the water area structure of FIGS. 14 and 15 is a blocking type or a permeation type may be determined according to the type of water area structure and the condition of the water area in which it is constructed.

FIG. 16 is a view showing still another example of a dike or other water area structure formed by connecting a plurality of caisson (slit caisson) 8, and is a plan view of the water area structure seen from above. . In the water area structure of FIG. 16, slits 10 and 10 ′ open toward the water area are formed on the front wall 9 and the rear wall 20 of each caisson 8,
Further, the internal space of the caisson 8 is divided into three spaces by front and rear by partitions 25 and 26. And in the space in front of each caisson 8 and the space in the rear,
The aquatic organism inhabitation promoting object 13 is arranged, and the intermediate space 27 is filled with heavy objects such as gravel, sand, stone, and steel. Then, openings (slits 10, 10 ') open toward the water area are provided on both the front and rear surfaces of the caisson 8 constituting the water area structure, and the wave-dissipating / aquatic habitat promoting object 13 is provided on both the front and rear surfaces. Figure 1 arranging
In the water area structure as shown in 6, it is possible to perform the wave-dissipating effect and the aquatic organism inhabiting effect on both the front and back surfaces of the water area structure. It is particularly effective as a water area structure such as a submerged dike or a breakwater. In addition, for example, when the water area structure shown in FIG. 16 is constructed along the shore with some distance from the shore, both the wave-dissipating function and the promotion of aquatic life are performed on the front side facing the shore. The rear side facing the side mainly promotes the inhabitation of aquatic organisms, and allows the water area structure to have various functions.

In the water area structure illustrated in FIGS. 10 to 16, the arrangement state of the caisson 8 in the length direction (extension direction) is linear or almost linear, but the water area structure of the present invention is linear. The shape is not limited to any shape, and for example, it can have various forms as shown in (a) to (c) of FIG. 17 [(a) to (c) of FIG. Top view from the top]. More specifically, the water body structure of the present invention is constructed in a meandering state as shown in FIG. 7B, even if it is constructed in a curved shape as shown in FIG. 7A. Alternatively, it may be constructed in a T-shape as shown in FIG. 7C, or may be constructed in another form. A water body structure as illustrated in (a) to (c) of FIG. It can be easily implemented by designing the shape and structure of the base material itself such as a caisson to be suitable for it.

Then, in the water area structure illustrated in FIGS. 10 to 17, the caisson 8 constituting the water area structure is used.
Can be made of a material such as concrete, reinforced concrete, steel-framed concrete, reinforced / steel-framed concrete, or steel. In addition, FIG.
In the water area structure illustrated in FIG. 7, the shape of the caisson 8 is a square, but the shape is not necessarily rectangular. It may have a shape such as. Alternatively, the front wall 9 of the caisson 8 may be curved outward and the slit 10 may be formed therein.

In the case of the water area structure of the present invention illustrated in FIGS. 10 to 17, the waves and water traveling toward the front wall 9 of the water area structure pass through the slit 10 of the front wall 9 of the caisson 8 to the caisson 8. 13 for the wave-dissipating / aquatic habitat promotion that has flowed into the interior space of the
Waves, water diversion, trickling, direction change, etc. may occur due to collision with the sea, deformation and restoration of the wave-dissipating / aquatic habitat promoting object 13, movement or movement of the wave-dissipating / aquatic habitat promoting object The energy is reduced and the wave is dissipated. Particularly, in the case of the water area structure of the present invention in which the partition provided in the internal space of the caisson 8 and the side wall 19 also have a water passage opening, as described above, from the slit 10 of the front wall 9 to the internal space of the caisson 8. The water and waves that have flowed into the water flow through the partition in the caisson 8 and the side wall 19 of the caisson 8 and can flow in the length direction (extension direction) and the vertical direction of the water area structure. The energy of waves and water flow is reduced and the wave is dissipated more smoothly and reasonably throughout the length (extension direction) of the water area structure.
The force (energy) exerted by the waves and water that have flowed into the interior space of the caisson on the partition inside the caisson 8, the side wall 19 and the rear wall 20 is reduced, and the damage to the caisson and the water area structure can be greatly reduced, extending its life. can do.

Further, in the case of the water body structure of the present invention illustrated in FIGS. 10 to 17, the excellent wave-dissipating effect described above, as well as the deformation, restoration and movement of the wave-dissipating / aquatic habitat promoting object 13, It is located near the water surface of the caisson 8 due to the displacement of the seawater and the aquatic habitat promoting object 13 and the contact between the caisson 8 and the wall of the caisson 8 due to contact and friction. Internal space (wave-dissipating /
At the location of the aquatic organism inhabitation promotion object 13), the intake of air into the water is promoted, and the disposition of the wave-dissipating / aquatic organism inhabitation promotion object 13 increases the surface area of the part where aquatic organisms can adhere or live. Therefore, aquatic organisms will inhabit and propagate well in the inner space of the water area structure and its vicinity. As a result, purification of water in the aquatic environment is promoted, and in some cases, the formation of algal beds and fishing nests effective for the growth of useful resources such as algae and seafood is achieved. In particular,
In the water body structure of the present invention illustrated in FIG. 14 and FIG. 15, the wave-dissipating / aquatic organism inhabitation promoting objects 13 are regularly arranged while taking a predetermined space in the inner space of the water body structure. It is possible to impart a good wave-dissipating function and an aquatic organism inhabitation promoting function to the water area structure while keeping the amount of the aquatic organism inhabiting object 13 used in an appropriate amount. Further, in the case of the water area structure of the present invention shown in FIGS. 10 to 17, the wave-dissipating / aquatic organism inhabitation promoting object 13 arranged in the inner space of the water area structure has a water filtering function, Can promote the purification of water.

In addition, there is a water area having a water level difference of 2 m or more between the high tide and the low tide. In such a water environment with a large water level difference at the time of high tide, the water area structure shown above and other The water area structure of the present invention is arranged in the internal space of the water area structure. If it is designed so that it always exists in water, both aquatic organisms that inhabit low-tide environments (for example, organisms in tidal flats) and aquatic organisms that inhabit high-tide environments in or near the water area structure of the present invention. As a result, it becomes possible to totally purify the water quality of the aquatic environment, and a well-balanced ecosystem is formed by inhabiting a wide variety of aquatic organisms.

In some cases, the slits 1 are also formed on the entire surface wall 9 and the side wall 19 as shown in FIGS.
In a water area structure in which caisson 8 provided with a water passage such as 0, 10 'is continuously used without disposing or filling the wave-dissipating / aquatic habitat promoting object 13 in the internal space 4 of the water area structure. May be, but in that case caisson 8
Since the water passage is also formed on the side wall 19 of the
Water and waves that have flowed into the caisson 8 from the slits 10 of the entire surface wall 9 also flow in the lateral direction of the caisson 8 through the water passages such as the slits provided in the side walls 19, so that the side walls 19 pass through the water passages. It has a better wave-dissipating function than the conventional slit caisson, which does not have and has a broken state.

[0080]

According to the present invention, a wave-dissipating or aquatic organism habitation promoting object disposed in the internal space of a water body or water and an inflowing opening of the water body structure into an opening opening toward the body of water. Collision, deformation and restoration of the wave-dissipating / aquatic habitat promoting object, movement of the wave-dissipating / aquatic habitat promoting object, movement, etc. The energy of running water can be reduced extremely effectively and smoothly, and an excellent wave-dissipating function can be exhibited. In the case of the present invention, a water body structure having an opening in a portion facing the water body and having a space communicating with the opening therein is commonly used regardless of its type, form, structure, or the like. It is possible to improve the wave-dissipating function. Further, in the case of the present invention, the base material such as the conventional wave-dissipating block and the slit caisson, the shape of the water area structure itself formed from these base materials, the structure, etc. are not used, and they are used as they are. The wave-dissipating function can be further improved. Further, according to the present invention, it is possible to improve the wave-dissipating function for both a newly constructed water area structure and an already constructed existing water area structure.

In the case of the present invention, the air accompanying the agitation of the water flow associated with the contact, friction, and the movement of the wave-dissipating / aquatic habitat promoting object of the wave-dissipating / aquatic habitat promoting object with the inner wall surface of the water area structure. As aquatic organisms adhere to the aquatic structures and propagate due to the increase in aquatic organisms 'habitats and the increase in aquatic organisms' habitats, the purification of water in aquatic environments can be promoted, and algae can be promoted. Creation of seaweed beds and fishing nests that are effective for the growth of useful resources such as fish and seafood. In the present invention, when a waste tire is used as the wave-dissipating / aquatic habitat promoting object, the waste tire, which has been difficult to handle as waste, can be effectively used, and also from this point of view. It is valid.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the appearance of a wave-dissipating block “igloo” suitable for use in the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the structure of a water area structure such as an upright seawall formed by stacking the “igloo” of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the water area structure of FIG. 2 and a diagram showing a flow state of a water stream (wave).

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the water body structure of FIG. 2 and a diagram showing a flow state of water flow (wave).

5 is another longitudinal cross-sectional view of the water area structure of FIG. 2 and a diagram showing a flow state of a water stream (wave).

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a representative example of a wave-dissipating / aquatic organism habitat promoting object used in the present invention.

7 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the water area structure of the present invention in which a wave-dissipating / aquatic organism habitat promoting object (circular body) is arranged in the internal space of the water area structure of FIG. 2 and a flow state of water current (wave) are schematically shown. It is a figure.

FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the water area structure of the present invention in which a wave-dissipating / aquatic organism inhabitation promoting object (circular body) is arranged in the internal space of the water area structure of FIG. 2 and a flow state of water currents (waves). It is a figure.

[Fig. 9] Another longitudinal sectional view of the water area structure of the present invention in which a wave-dissipating / aquatic organism habitat promoting object (circular body) is arranged in the internal space of the water area structure of Fig. 2 and a flow state of water flow (wave) FIG.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of a water area structure of the present invention constructed by extending a plurality of caissons (slit caissons) in the length direction.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing another example of the water area structure of the present invention constructed by extending a plurality of caissons (slit caissons) in the length direction.

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing still another example of the water area structure of the present invention constructed by extending a plurality of caissons (slit caissons) in the length direction.

FIG. 13 is a view showing still another example of the water area structure of the present invention constructed by extending a plurality of caissons (slit caissons) in the length direction.

FIG. 14 is a diagram showing still another example of the water area structure of the present invention constructed by extending a plurality of caissons (slit caissons) in the length direction.

FIG. 15 is a diagram showing still another example of the water area structure of the present invention constructed by extending a plurality of caissons (slit caissons) in the longitudinal direction.

FIG. 16 is a diagram showing still another example of the water area structure of the present invention constructed by extending a plurality of caissons (slit caissons) in the length direction.

FIG. 17 is a view showing still another example of the water area structure of the present invention constructed by extending a plurality of caissons (slit caissons) in the longitudinal direction.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Wave-dissipating block (“igloo”) 2 Horizontal plate 3 Opening 4 Internal space (chamber) 5 Gap between blocks for wave-dissipating 6 Ring-shaped body 7 Spherical body 8 Caisson 9 Front wall 10 Slit 10 'Slit 11 Partition 12 Partition 13 Wave-dissipating and aquatic habitat promotion object 14 Space 15 Partition 16 Water plate 17 Space 18 Space 19 Side wall 20 Rear wall 21 Partition 22 Partition 23 Partition 24 Space 25 Partition 26 Partition 27 Space

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (72) Inventor Yoshihisa Shigezawa, 2-16-1 Shimbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo Japan Solid Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Yasuo Hisada 6-3-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo Japan Tetrapod (72) Inventor Masato Okuma, 1-4-8 Shibata, Kita-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka Japan Tetrapod Co., Ltd. Osaka Branch (72) Inventor, Akihiro Yajima 1-4-8, Shibata, Kita-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka Japan Tetrapod Co., Ltd. Osaka Branch

Claims (16)

[Claims] 1. A water body structure having a wave-dissipating function and an aquatic life promoting function, wherein the water body structure has an opening opening toward the water body and an internal space communicating with the opening, and In the internal space, objects that can promote water flow diversion, trickling, direction change, small collision, etc. to reduce the energy of the water flow and promote the habitation of aquatic organisms are arranged. Water area structure characterized by. 2. The water body structure according to claim 1, wherein the water body structure is formed by using a wave-dissipating block. 3. The water body structure according to claim 1, wherein the water body structure is formed by using a caisson having an opening opening toward the water body. 4. The ring-shaped body, which is arranged in the inner space of the water structure, is capable of reducing the energy of the water flow and promoting the habitation of aquatic organisms, and is formed of a resilient material. 4. An assembly composed of the ring-shaped body and / or a spherical body composed of an elastic material.
The water body structure according to any one of 1 above. 5. The water body structure according to claim 4, wherein the ring-shaped body is a tire, and the assembly made of the ring-shaped body is an assembly made of a tire. 6. The water area structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the water area structure is a quay, a seawall, a breakwater, a jetty, an embankment and / or a submerged bank. 7. The water body structure has a blocking structure in which water flows in and out through an opening provided on one wall surface.
The water body structure according to any one of 6 above. 8. The water body structure according to claim 1, wherein the water body structure has a permeable structure in which water flows through the structure. 9. The water area structure has a plurality of internal spaces, and water and / or waves flowing into the internal spaces pass through the adjacent internal spaces among lateral, vertical, forward / backward and diagonal directions. The water body structure according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the internal spaces are formed in a communicating structure so that the internal spaces can flow in at least one direction. 10. A body of water structure is formed by adjoining a plurality of caissons having openings in the front wall that open toward the body of water, and water and / or water flowing into the individual caissons through said openings. Side walls of the caisson such that waves can flow in at least one of lateral, up-down, anterior-posterior and diagonal directions through the interior spaces of adjacent caisson and / or through partitions within the caisson. The water body structure according to any one of claims 1 and 3 to 9, wherein a water communicating portion is provided in at least a part of the partition in the inner space of the rear wall and / or the caisson. 11. The above-mentioned object capable of reducing energy of water flow and promoting habitation of aquatic organisms is provided in an internal space of a water area structure, wherein the internal space is for wave-dissipating / aquatic habitat promotion. Filling and arranging in the inner space so that it is completely or almost completely filled with an object, or arranging in the inner space such that there is a space not filled with said object. The water body structure according to any one of 1 to 10. 12. The body capable of reducing the energy of a water stream and promoting the inhabitation of aquatic organisms, wherein a space in which the body is not placed is present in an internal space. The water body structure according to claim 11, which is regularly arranged in the inner space of the structure. 13. The water body structure according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein a water purifying material is further arranged in an inner space of the water body structure. 14. When manufacturing the water body structure, in an internal space communicating with an opening opening toward the water body of the water body structure,
A method of arranging an object capable of reducing the energy of a water stream by promoting diversion, trickling, direction change, small collision, etc. of the water stream and promoting habitation of aquatic organisms. 15. The energy of a water stream is promoted by promoting branching, trickling, diversion, small collision, etc. of the water stream in an internal space communicating with an opening of the already constructed water zone structure toward the water area. A method of externally inserting and arranging an object that can be reduced and promote the habitation of aquatic organisms. 16. The object arranged in the inner space of the water structure is a ring-shaped body made of an elastic material, an assembly of the ring-shaped body and / or a spherical body made of the elastic material. 14 or 15 methods.