EP1362759A1 - Magnetischer Radsensor - Google Patents
Magnetischer Radsensor Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1362759A1 EP1362759A1 EP03090129A EP03090129A EP1362759A1 EP 1362759 A1 EP1362759 A1 EP 1362759A1 EP 03090129 A EP03090129 A EP 03090129A EP 03090129 A EP03090129 A EP 03090129A EP 1362759 A1 EP1362759 A1 EP 1362759A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- coil
- wheel sensor
- wheel
- coils
- magnetic field
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 206010016275 Fear Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006735 deficit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
- B61L1/00—Devices along the route controlled by interaction with the vehicle or train
- B61L1/16—Devices for counting axles; Devices for counting vehicles
- B61L1/163—Detection devices
- B61L1/165—Electrical
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
- B61L1/00—Devices along the route controlled by interaction with the vehicle or train
- B61L1/02—Electric devices associated with track, e.g. rail contacts
- B61L1/08—Electric devices associated with track, e.g. rail contacts magnetically actuated; electrostatically actuated
Definitions
- the invention relates to a magnetic wheel sensor according to the Preamble of claim 1.
- Wheel sensors are used in the railway industry for track vacancy detection, but also for other switching and Reporting tasks used. It is mainly the magnetic field influencing Effect of the iron wheels of rail vehicles exploited.
- Sensors that generate a specific magnetic field the reaction of the iron wheels can be recorded, whereby with a wheel impulse is registered for each wheel detection or axis detection becomes.
- the number of wheel impulses gives in interaction with another wheel sensor information about the occupancy status of the track section in between. From the temporal Offset of two spatially offset sensors the higher-level control can provide information about the Determine direction and speed, making conclusions about the number of wheels in a certain direction the sensors have passed are possible. In the event of failure one of the two sensors cannot provide information about direction and speed can be gained more.
- the track vacancy detection is an essential decision criterion for the control of turnouts and signals the occupancy status of track sections is the Decision made whether a rail vehicle in this Track section may or may not retract. Consequently, the Signal signals from the axle counters with extremely high reliability requirements suffice. It must be ensured that only those Iron wheels of rail vehicles running over sensors the sensors are recorded and interference magnetic fields of other origins be ignored. This affects, for example, magnetic fields, that with electrical traction by rail currents and by vehicle components such as transformers, chokes and electronic rail brakes are created. The latter pose is a particular problem because the magnetic fields generated are very strong. This applies in particular to the eddy current brake, which was developed for the ICE (Intercity Express) since this eddy current brake is an interference magnetic field when excited generates the working magnetic field of the inductive Sensor very strongly overlaid.
- Wheel sensors that work with alternating magnetic fields, are available in two versions. In one kind is on one One side of the rail creates a magnetic field and the other Page received. A wheel on the rail changes that Coupling between the transmitter and the receiver coil and can thus be recognized. Due to the arrangement on both sides the Effort with two housings high and for the comprehensive rail Magnetic field will have high power in the range of 1 to 2 watts required.
- Sensors that are only mounted on one side of the rail work on the principle of the magnetic proximity switch, where the magnetic field is caused by eddy currents in the Iron mass of a wheel is damped. These sensors respond on the rim and come with a lower operating power in the range of approx. 10 to 50 mW. Because of the lesser However, these sensors will perform in the magnetic field easily disturbed by external magnetic fields, such as the fields of rail currents or eddy current brakes mentioned above.
- the object of the invention is to overcome these disadvantages eliminate and a magnetic wheel sensor of the generic Specify type that already detects direction as a single sensor allowed, and its parameters regarding the reliability of the overall system are optimized.
- the task is carried out with the characterizing features of the claim 1 solved.
- the principle of operation of the wheel sensor is based on the change in the transformer coupling between the two coils due to the influence of the iron mass of the wheel. Depending on the order in which the opposite Magnetic fields passed by the wheel result Magnetic field changes in the two coils as voltage changes are evaluable. This way already generate the individual sensors provide information about direction and speed.
- the coils are preferably on one side arranged the rail. Disruptive influences from rail current and eddy current brake are greatly reduced. Also Temperature influences no longer exist.
- the first coil can move according to claim 2 of the wheel and from the time period for the phase reversal the speed be determined.
- the magnetic field built up pulsed in the coils By pulsed energization according to claim 4, the magnetic field built up pulsed in the coils, only a small one effective duty cycle is required. This is the Instantaneous performance in the field is correspondingly greater. Ultimately this improves the signal-to-noise ratio to external fields. There the coupling between the coils is independent of temperature, the temperature influence on the winding resistance becomes practical meaningless. In the case of double sensors, the pulsed Operation of each sensor in the pulse pauses monitoring of the other sensor by magnetic coupling with safe galvanic and functional separation of the Sensors possible.
- the Sensor with vibration packets can be operated in burst. If for example ten 1Mhz oscillation periods with one Repetition frequency of 10 kHz are used, there is a effective duty cycle of 10%. This allows the recorded Performance to be focused on a tenth of the time which is ten times higher with the same power consumption Instantaneous power in the magnetic field of the sensor is achievable. The signal-to-noise ratio improves by the same factor Influence of external interference fields. Through the temporal nesting the two sensor systems of a double sensor can be in burst can be easily accommodated in a housing without that through magnetic coupling between the systems Fears of malfunctions or impairments are.
- the wheel sensor operated at frequencies greater than 1 Mhz is an embodiment of the coils according to claim 6 possible in the form of conductor tracks on a circuit board. That at this technique the quality of the coils is significantly smaller than with the wound coils used so far, that bothers Functional principle not, because the coupling modulated by the wheel between the coils is evaluated. Also the influence of temperature on the coil quality no longer matters.
- the conductor track design of the coils are the manufacturing costs of the magnetic wheel sensor according to the invention clearly less than with conventional sensors. Furthermore results a significantly improved repeatability of the Parameter.
- Figure 1 shows a possible basic arrangement of two Coils 1 and 2, which generate magnetic fields when energized.
- the proximity of an iron wheel changes the magnetic field, which induces voltages in the coil arrangement are ultimately detectable by the crossing of the wheel is.
- a first coil 1 is shown here as an example rectangular frame.
- Axial to this first coil 1 is a second coil 2, which is divided into eight halves arranged, the two halves seen in the direction of travel lie in a row and cover the same area as that first coil 1. Because of the eight shape, the two halves are the second coil 2 connected in phase opposition. This creates with current supply in the two halves of the second coil 2 opposing magnetic fields.
- FIG. 2 shows how the transformer coupling between the first and the second coils 1 and 2 is changed by the influence of a wheel 3.
- the induced by the wheel in the coils 1 and 2, voltages U 1 and U 2 are evaluated - as explained in more detail with reference to FIG. 4
- two coil systems A and B are closed according to Figure 1 combined with a double sensor.
- the overlap of the two Coil systems A and B become the primary voltage of the system A and B are also coupled into the other system B and A, respectively.
- the induced voltage can be evaluated to a Function monitoring of the other system A or B perform.
- the two coil systems A and B are only inductive coupled and it is an independent structure of the two System A and B possible, so that a continuous Function monitoring implemented for safety-related use can be. Because the areas where the two coil systems A and B detect a wheel, mechanically overlap, it is guaranteed that the signals of both coil systems A and B also have a temporal overlap. On in this way the direction of movement is always recognized, when both coil systems A and B respond to the wheel.
- U 1 is the voltage on the first coil 1 in the form of a continuous sine wave.
- U 2a and U 2b characterize the voltages on the two halves of the second coil 2. Without the influence of a wheel 3, they have the same amplitude and opposite phase position, as a result of which the total voltage U 2 is zero in the idle state. If a wheel 3 approaches the sensor, the balance between the partial voltages U 2a and U 2b on the two halves of the second coil 2 is disturbed and an output voltage U 2 not equal to zero can be measured.
- the phase of this voltage U 2 depends on which half of the second coil 2 the wheel 3 is located on.
- the direction of movement of the wheel 3 can be determined from the succession of the same or inverse phase of the output voltage U 2 of the second coil 2 in relation to the phase position of the voltage U 1 and the speed from the time period for the phase reversal.
- FIG. 5 illustrates the temporal interleaving of a pulsed energization of a double sensor according to FIG. 3.
- the two coil systems A and B of the double sensor are alternately energized briefly. This burst operation prevents magnetic coupling of the two systems A and B.
- the voltages U 1A and U 1B are presented to the first coil 1 A and 1 B of the individual sensors A and B.
- the evaluation of the output voltages U 2A and U 2B of the second coils A2 and B2 for the wheel detection occurs only when the associated first coil 1 A or 1 B is active.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Measurement Of Length, Angles, Or The Like Using Electric Or Magnetic Means (AREA)
- Indicating Or Recording The Presence, Absence, Or Direction Of Movement (AREA)
- Transmission And Conversion Of Sensor Element Output (AREA)
- Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Magnetic Means (AREA)
- Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
- Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- Figur 1
- eine Spulenanordnung für einen Einzelsensor,
- Figur 2
- ein elektromagnetisches Prinzipschaltbild zu der Anordnung gemäß Figur 1,
- Figur 3
- eine Spulenanordnung für einen Doppelsensor,
- Figur 4
- zeitliche Spannungsverläufe bei einem Einzelsensor und
- Figur 5
- zeitliche Spannungsverläufe bei einem Doppelsensor im Burstbetrieb.
Claims (6)
- Magnetischer Radsensor, insbesondere für eine Gleisfreimeldeanlage, zur Erfassung einer Magnetfeldänderung infolge das Gleis überfahrender Eisenräder (3) eines Schienenfahrzeuges,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine bei Bestromung ein Magnetfeld erzeugende erste Spule (1, 1A, 1B) und eine axial zu dieser angeordnete und im Wesentlichen flächengleiche zweite Spule (2, 2A, 2B) vorgesehen sind, wobei die zweite Spule (2, 2A, 2B) eine Geometrie, insbesondere Achtform, derart aufweist, dass bei Bestromung mindestens zwei gegensinnige Magnetfelder resultieren und dass der zeitliche Verlauf der bei Magnetfeldänderung in die beiden Spulen (1, 2; 1A, 2A; 1B, 2B) induzierten Spannungen (U1, U2; U1A, U2A; U1B, UZW) ausgewertet wird. - Radsensor nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die gegenseitige Phasenlage der beiden Spannungen (U1, U2; U1A, U2A; U1B, U2B) ein Maß für die Fahrtrichtung und der zeitliche Abstand der Phasenumkehr ein Maß für die Geschwindigkeit sind. - Radsensor nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, gekennzeichnet durch
eine Doppelsensoranordnung. - Radsensor nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Bestromung gepulst erfolgt. - Radsensor nach Anspruch 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Arbeitsfrequenz der Spulen (1, 1A, 1B, 2, 2A, 2B) derart hoch ist, dass Schwingungspakete im Burstpaket erzeugbar sind. - Radsensor nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Spulen (1, 1A, 1B, 2, 2A, 2B) als Leiterbahnen auf einer Platine ausgebildet sind.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10221577 | 2002-05-08 | ||
DE10221577A DE10221577B3 (de) | 2002-05-08 | 2002-05-08 | Magnetischer Radsensor |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1362759A1 true EP1362759A1 (de) | 2003-11-19 |
EP1362759B1 EP1362759B1 (de) | 2010-09-29 |
Family
ID=29265304
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP03090129A Expired - Lifetime EP1362759B1 (de) | 2002-05-08 | 2003-04-25 | Magnetischer Radsensor |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1362759B1 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE482864T1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE10221577B3 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2353276T3 (de) |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102007005236A1 (de) | 2007-01-30 | 2008-07-31 | Siemens Ag | Magnetischer Sensor und diesbezügliche gleisseitige Baugruppe |
WO2010052081A1 (de) * | 2008-11-05 | 2010-05-14 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Radsensor |
WO2011054646A1 (de) * | 2009-11-05 | 2011-05-12 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Radsensor |
EP3569466A1 (de) * | 2018-05-14 | 2019-11-20 | Pintsch GmbH | Sensor zum erfassen von metallteilen, sowie verfahren zum abschwächen eines magnetischen feldes |
WO2021004800A1 (en) * | 2019-07-05 | 2021-01-14 | Build Connected B.V. | Device for detecting a wheel on a rail track |
EP4151495A1 (de) * | 2021-09-15 | 2023-03-22 | Build Connected B.V. | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur bestimmung einer bewegungsrichtung eines rades eines vorbeifahrenden zuges auf einem schienenstrang |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102005023726B4 (de) * | 2005-05-23 | 2007-11-22 | Frauscher Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Vermeidung von ungewollten Beeinflussungen von Doppelsensoren |
DE102007023476B4 (de) * | 2007-05-15 | 2009-07-09 | Siemens Ag | Radsensor |
DE102012212939A1 (de) | 2012-07-24 | 2014-01-30 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Radsensor |
DE102022206169A1 (de) | 2022-06-21 | 2023-12-21 | Siemens Mobility GmbH | Sensor und Eisenbahngleisanlage mit Sensor |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3697745A (en) * | 1970-05-18 | 1972-10-10 | Gen Signal Corp | Flux nulled wheel detector |
DE3632316A1 (de) | 1986-09-23 | 1988-03-31 | Siemens Ag | Fahrzeugdetektor |
JPH0225906A (ja) * | 1988-07-14 | 1990-01-29 | Nec Corp | 磁場発生方法 |
DE19915597A1 (de) | 1998-04-08 | 1999-12-30 | Josef Frauscher | Radsensor |
US6064315A (en) * | 1998-12-29 | 2000-05-16 | Harmon Industries, Inc. | Zero speed transducer |
DE19854232A1 (de) * | 1998-11-24 | 2000-05-31 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Induktives Bauelement mit planarer Leitungsstruktur und Verfahren zur Herstellung desselben |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR1391839A (fr) * | 1964-01-15 | 1965-03-12 | Silec Liaisons Elec | Procédé et dispositif pour déceler le passage d'un mobile |
DE3046102C2 (de) * | 1980-12-06 | 1985-05-23 | Standard Elektrik Lorenz Ag, 7000 Stuttgart | Achsdetektor mit Fahrtrichtungserkennung für Schienenfahrzeuge |
US5333820A (en) * | 1993-02-18 | 1994-08-02 | Union Switch & Signal Inc. | Railway vehicle wheel detector utilizing magnetic differential bridge |
-
2002
- 2002-05-08 DE DE10221577A patent/DE10221577B3/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2003
- 2003-04-25 EP EP03090129A patent/EP1362759B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-04-25 ES ES03090129T patent/ES2353276T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-04-25 AT AT03090129T patent/ATE482864T1/de active
- 2003-04-25 DE DE50313121T patent/DE50313121D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3697745A (en) * | 1970-05-18 | 1972-10-10 | Gen Signal Corp | Flux nulled wheel detector |
DE3632316A1 (de) | 1986-09-23 | 1988-03-31 | Siemens Ag | Fahrzeugdetektor |
JPH0225906A (ja) * | 1988-07-14 | 1990-01-29 | Nec Corp | 磁場発生方法 |
DE19915597A1 (de) | 1998-04-08 | 1999-12-30 | Josef Frauscher | Radsensor |
DE19854232A1 (de) * | 1998-11-24 | 2000-05-31 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Induktives Bauelement mit planarer Leitungsstruktur und Verfahren zur Herstellung desselben |
US6064315A (en) * | 1998-12-29 | 2000-05-16 | Harmon Industries, Inc. | Zero speed transducer |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 014, no. 173 (P - 1033) 5 April 1990 (1990-04-05) * |
Cited By (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102007005236A1 (de) | 2007-01-30 | 2008-07-31 | Siemens Ag | Magnetischer Sensor und diesbezügliche gleisseitige Baugruppe |
WO2010052081A1 (de) * | 2008-11-05 | 2010-05-14 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Radsensor |
CN102202953A (zh) * | 2008-11-05 | 2011-09-28 | 西门子公司 | 车轮传感器 |
US8590845B2 (en) | 2008-11-05 | 2013-11-26 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Wheel sensor |
CN102202953B (zh) * | 2008-11-05 | 2015-06-17 | 西门子公司 | 车轮传感器 |
WO2011054646A1 (de) * | 2009-11-05 | 2011-05-12 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Radsensor |
EP3569466A1 (de) * | 2018-05-14 | 2019-11-20 | Pintsch GmbH | Sensor zum erfassen von metallteilen, sowie verfahren zum abschwächen eines magnetischen feldes |
WO2021004800A1 (en) * | 2019-07-05 | 2021-01-14 | Build Connected B.V. | Device for detecting a wheel on a rail track |
NL2023451B1 (en) * | 2019-07-05 | 2021-02-02 | Build Connected B V | Device for detecting a wheel on a rail track |
CN114340971A (zh) * | 2019-07-05 | 2022-04-12 | 构建互联有限公司 | 用于检测轨道上的车轮的装置 |
EP3994045B1 (de) | 2019-07-05 | 2023-08-02 | Build Connected B.V. | Vorrichtung zur erfassung eines rads auf einer schienenbahn |
CN114340971B (zh) * | 2019-07-05 | 2024-07-09 | 构建互联有限公司 | 用于检测轨道上的车轮的装置 |
US12145640B2 (en) | 2019-07-05 | 2024-11-19 | Build Connected B.V. | Device for detecting a wheel on a rail track |
EP4151495A1 (de) * | 2021-09-15 | 2023-03-22 | Build Connected B.V. | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur bestimmung einer bewegungsrichtung eines rades eines vorbeifahrenden zuges auf einem schienenstrang |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE50313121D1 (de) | 2010-11-11 |
ES2353276T3 (es) | 2011-02-28 |
EP1362759B1 (de) | 2010-09-29 |
ATE482864T1 (de) | 2010-10-15 |
DE10221577B3 (de) | 2004-03-18 |
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