CN212224453U - Water storage and drainage structure for drainage of basement roof - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a water storage and drainage structure for drainage of a basement roof, which comprises a plurality of drainage plates and a plurality of water storage and drainage plates; the drainage plate is provided with a plurality of vertical through holes, the bottom surface of the drainage plate is provided with at least one lug for supporting the drainage plate, and a first concave cavity for draining water is formed between every two adjacent lugs; the water storage and drainage plate is made of water absorption materials; the drainage structure comprises a plurality of drainage plates, a plurality of water storage and drainage structures and a plurality of water storage and drainage structures, wherein the drainage plates and the water storage and drainage plates are arranged in a staggered mode, and the bottom of each water storage and drainage structure is at least provided with a channel for draining water in a gap between each drainage plate and the. The utility model provides a traditional drainage bed be used for basement roof drainage to lead to the unobstructed problem of drainage.

Description

Water storage and drainage structure for drainage of basement roof

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a basement roof drainage technical field, concretely relates to a hold drainage structures for basement roof drainage.

Background

With the development of economic society, people have higher and higher requirements on quality and environment of residential quarters and cities, so that the ecological species of the project planting greenbelt presents diversified development situations, and particularly, when a complex project is met, the top plate of a basement forms a closed structure, so that the drainage of the underground top plate is not smooth. Especially in flood season, the problem that the basement roof is not smooth in drainage is prominent, and serious water accumulation is caused on the ground, so that ground plants, vehicles and pedestrians are impacted by the water accumulation, and further life or property loss of different degrees is caused. Sponge city construction is promoted in all regions, but the amount of slope finding materials for structures or buildings is large in the traditional basement roof drainage method at present, and the slope control difficulty is large. The traditional water filtering layer (light ceramsite and gravel material) coated on the top plate can restrict smooth drainage due to factors such as slope setting errors, particle size gaps of the water filtering material and the like. At present, when the novel polymer water filtering plate is covered with planting soil, the novel polymer water filtering plate is easily crushed by a soil filling vehicle, and the whole drainage system is influenced.

When the basement roof structure is paved, large-scale equipment such as a crane is needed to participate in installation, and the construction cost is high.

On the other hand, aiming at the situation that a large amount of vegetation is planted in the current residential area, a channel needs to be designed for drainage when the rainfall is large, but after the rainy season, if continuous rainy days are met, due to the fact that the underground drainage channel does not have the capacity of conserving water sources, the plants lack water, and need to be watered artificially and frequently, and the plants are prevented from dying due to water loss.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

An object of the utility model is to provide a hold drainage structures for basement roof drainage solves traditional drainage bed and is used for basement roof drainage to lead to the not unobstructed problem of drainage, has the effect of retaining drainage simultaneously concurrently.

The utility model discloses a following technical scheme realizes:

a water storage and drainage structure for drainage of a top plate of a basement comprises a plurality of drainage plates and a plurality of water storage and drainage plates;

the drainage plate is provided with a plurality of vertical through holes, the bottom surface of the drainage plate is provided with at least one lug for supporting the drainage plate, and a first concave cavity for draining water is formed between every two adjacent lugs;

the water storage and drainage plate is made of water absorption materials; the drainage structure comprises a plurality of drainage plates, a plurality of water storage and drainage structures and a plurality of water storage and drainage structures, wherein the drainage plates and the water storage and drainage plates are arranged in a staggered mode, and the bottom of each water storage and drainage structure is at least provided with a channel for draining water in a gap between each drainage plate and the.

The utility model discloses the drainage plate and hold the drain bar and all can be any shape of being convenient for the concatenation, including but not limited to square, circular, triangle-shaped, preferably, for the convenience of concatenation, the drainage plate adopts the same shape with holding the drain bar, the function of through-hole is to guide ponding in the soil above the drainage plate to below the drainage plate, by the space below the drainage plate of first concave cavity discharge, its shape includes but not limited to circular port, quad slit; when in use, the channel can be communicated with an external drainage system, the lug of the utility model plays a good supporting role, the first concave cavity plays a role in water supply outflow, and water accumulation is effectively avoided; the water absorbing material is made of materials in the prior art, the water storage and drainage plate is used for absorbing and slowly releasing water, when water is accumulated in soil more, on one hand, water is stored through the water storage and drainage plate, on the other hand, the water is drained through the drainage plate, when the water is less in the soil, the water in the water storage and drainage plate is released to the soil to relieve dryness of the soil, namely, the water storage and drainage plate has the effect similar to a sponge, can fully store and drain water when the water is sufficient, then slowly release the water for the soil layer above to store and drain, and further promote the growth of plants planted in the soil, wherein the quantity ratio of the water storage and drainage plate to the drainage plate can be adjusted according to the actual water storage capacity, and the water storage capacity is stronger when the occupation ratio of the water storage and drainage plate.

The working principle of the utility model is as follows:

install the drainage plate and hold the drainage plate on the earth's surface of basement roof, the drainage plate sets up one row at least in succession during the installation, make the passageway of a plurality of first concave die cavities formation drainage, then at the drainage plate, hold fill soil on the drainage plate and plant greening plants etc., when ponding is more in soil, absorb the retaining through holding the drainage plate on the one hand, on the other hand passes through drainage plate exhaust moisture, ponding in soil passes through the through-hole promptly and gets into the clearance between drainage plate and the earth's surface, discharge through first concave die cavity, avoid soil ponding, when moisture is less in soil, it is dry that moisture in the drainage plate releases to soil and alleviates soil.

The utility model discloses a be provided with a lug that is used for supporting the hydrophobic board simultaneously on the hydrophobic board on the bottom surface of being provided with a plurality of vertical through-holes and hydrophobic board at least, the function of through-hole is with ponding guide to hydrophobic board and earth's surface clearance in the soil more than the hydrophobic board, forms the first die cavity that is used for the drainage between two adjacent lugs, and the combined action through-hole and lug is discharged the ponding in with soil, plays good permeating water, effectively avoids earth's surface ponding to improve the cyclic utilization ratio of groundwater.

To sum up, the utility model discloses a staggered arrangement's hydrophobic plate with hold the drain bar, and the bottom that holds drainage structures has a passageway that is used for the drainage of hydrophobic plate and earth's surface clearance at least, drainage when the hydrophobic plate is arranged in soil ponding, hold the drain bar and not only can absorb moisture when ponding and alleviate drainage pressure, and can supply moisture when soil is dry, so, the utility model provides a traditional drainage blanket is used for the unofficient problem of basement roof drainage, has the effect of retaining drainage simultaneously concurrently.

Further, when the plurality of hydrophobic plates and the plurality of water storage and drainage plates are arranged in a staggered mode, at least one channel for draining water in a gap between the hydrophobic plates and the ground surface is formed by the continuous arrangement of the hydrophobic plates at the bottom of the water storage and drainage structure.

Further, the shapes of the plurality of hydrophobic plates comprise a # -shaped, a cross-shaped, a straight-line-shaped, a T-shaped and a mouth-shaped.

Further, the bottom of the water storage and drainage plate is provided with at least one supporting leg, and a second concave cavity for draining water is formed between every two adjacent supporting legs.

Preferably two at least supporting legs, specifically can be 1, 2, 3, 4 or more, the supporting leg is not collinear, play the effect that the support holds the drain bar, form the second die cavity that supplies flowing water to pass through between two adjacent supporting legs, make the below that holds the drain bar form the cavity that supplies flowing water to pass through, can not block up flowing water and pass through from the below that holds the drain bar, can make simultaneously to hold the drain bar and fully hold the drainage, make the below that holds the drain bar also can drain smoothly, need not arrange the drain bar in succession, but can arrange the drain bar with holding the drain bar wantonly as required, a plurality of first cavities can form the passageway of drainage promptly, a plurality of second cavities also can form the passageway of drainage, the combination of a plurality of first cavities and second cavities also can form the passageway of drainage.

Further, the support legs may be located at and/or near an edge of the bottom surface of the water storage and drainage plate.

Further, the central area of the bottom surface of the water storage and drainage plate can also be provided with supporting legs, so that the supporting stability is further improved.

Further, the shape of the support legs may be similar to the shape of the bumps on the bottom surface of the hydrophobic plate.

Further, the supporting leg with can be with hold the drain bar be integral type structure, through mould integrated into one piece. The supporting leg can be connected to holding the drain bar through modes such as bonding or block, also can be through directly will holding the drain bar and place on the supporting leg.

Further, the thickness of the water storage and drainage plate is consistent with that of the water drainage plate, and the height of the supporting leg is consistent with that of the bump.

Furthermore, the water storage and drainage plate at least comprises one of common concrete, foam concrete, high-strength concrete or ultra-high performance concrete, and can also be other existing materials with the water storage and drainage function.

The common concrete, the foam concrete, the high-strength concrete or the ultra-high performance concrete are all existing materials, have the functions of absorbing and slowly releasing moisture, and are preferably the foam concrete.

Furthermore, at least one reinforcing rib is arranged on the bottom surface, and the thickness of the reinforcing rib is smaller than or equal to the height of the bump.

Theoretically, the smaller the thickness of the hydrophobic plate is, the more beneficial the drainage is, but the strength of the hydrophobic plate is considered besides the drainage function, and the thickness of the hydrophobic plate is reduced as much as possible by arranging the reinforcing ribs on the bottom surface on the premise of meeting the strength, so that the drainage efficiency is improved.

Further, the bump is provided in plural, and the plural bumps are arranged at or near an edge of the bottom face.

The arrangement is such that the projection has a higher support stability for the hydrophobic plate. This structure helps the projections to stably support the hydrophobic plate.

Furthermore, the edge and the center of the bottom surface are provided with lugs.

When the lug is located the edge of square bottom surface, the regional cavity in middle part is great, because the upper surface of hydrophobic board need lay soil and plant the vegetation, need bear certain weight, consequently, the middle part of hydrophobic board probably damages because of the bearing, and the lug helps improving the bearing capacity in middle part. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the location of the projection is not limited and that the projection may be provided at any desired location on the bottom surface to increase the support strength without blocking the water flow path.

Furthermore, a plurality of reinforcing ribs are arranged on the bottom surface, the thickness of each reinforcing rib is smaller than the height of each bump, and each reinforcing rib is connected with any two bumps.

The thickness of the reinforcing ribs may be 10 to 40cm, including but not limited to 10cm, 11cm, 12cm, 13cm, 14cm, 15cm, 16cm, 17cm, 18cm, 19cm, 20cm, 21cm, 22cm, 23cm, 24cm, 25cm, 26cm, 27cm, 28cm, 29cm, 30cm, 31cm, 32cm, 33cm, 34cm, 35cm, 36cm, 37cm, 38cm, 39cm, 40cm and the like, preferably 10 to 30cm, more preferably 20 to 30cm, and may also be 10 to 25cm, more preferably 10 to 20 cm.

The thickness of the bump may be 10-40cm, including but not limited to 10cm, 11cm, 12cm, 13cm, 14cm, 15cm, 16cm, 17cm, 18cm, 19cm, 20cm, 21cm, 22cm, 23cm, 24cm, 25cm, 26cm, 27cm, 28cm, 29cm, 30cm, 31cm, 32cm, 33cm, 34cm, 35cm, 36cm, 37cm, 38cm, 39cm, 40cm, and the like, preferably 10-30cm, more preferably 20-30cm, and may also be 10-25cm, more preferably 15-25 cm.

The shape of the reinforcing ribs forms a cross shape, a meter shape, a square shape or a round shape.

Further, one end of the reinforcing rib is connected with the projection arranged at the center of the bottom surface, and the other end is connected with the projection arranged at the edge of the bottom surface.

Further, the side wall of the lug for forming the first concave cavity is provided with an inclined surface, and an obtuse angle is formed between the inclined surface and the bottom surface.

Above-mentioned setting improves the support stability of lug to the hydrophobic plate on the one hand, and on the other hand forms the cavity that great water supply flow passed through, improves water efficiency.

Furthermore, the hydrophobic plate is prefabricated and molded by adopting concrete, and the thickness of the hydrophobic plate is 10-40 cm.

The concrete is prior art material, has the advantage of high strength, high tenacity, low porosity, can avoid novel polymer water strainer plate when covering planting soil, easily by the vehicle of filling in earth and crushing, influence whole drainage system's problem, and the applicant discovers through the experiment: when the hydrophobic plate is prefabricated and molded by adopting concrete, the thickness of the hydrophobic plate is 10-40cm, so that the strength requirement can be met.

The thickness of the hydrophobic plate is not limited to 10cm, 11cm, 12cm, 13cm, 14cm, 15cm, 16cm, 17cm, 18cm, 19cm, 20cm, 21cm, 22cm, 23cm, 24cm, 25cm, 26cm, 27cm, 28cm, 29cm, 30cm, 31cm, 32cm, 33cm, 34cm, 35cm, 36cm, 37cm, 38cm, 39cm, 40cm and the like, and is preferably 10 to 30cm, more preferably 20 to 30cm, and may be 10 to 25cm, more preferably 15 to 25 cm.

Further, the hydrophobic plate and the convex block are of an integrally formed structure or a split structure.

When the hydrophobic plate and the convex block are of a split structure, the convex block is connected to the hydrophobic plate in a bonding or clamping mode, and the hydrophobic plate can also be directly arranged on the convex block. The structure is preferably an integral structure, and the production, the preparation and the installation are convenient.

Further, a filter layer is arranged on the top surface of the hydrophobic plate.

The filter layer may be a nonwoven fabric or the like.

The top surface is the one side with soil contact, can effectively avoid the through-hole to be blockked up through setting up the filter layer.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model, following advantage and beneficial effect have:

1. the utility model discloses a staggered arrangement's hydrophobic plate with hold the drain bar, and the bottom that holds drainage structures has a passageway that is used for the drainage in hydrophobic plate and earth's surface clearance at least, drainage when hydrophobic plate is arranged in soil ponding, hold the drain bar and not only can absorb moisture when ponding and alleviate drainage pressure, and can replenish moisture when soil is dry, play good permeating water, retaining effect, effectively avoid earth's surface ponding to improve the cyclic utilization of groundwater.

2. The utility model discloses a drain bar is held in the combination of hydrophobic plate, when realizing the drainage function, holds the drain bar and plays the retaining effect, has wide market perspective in the aspect of the sponge city construction.

3. The utility model discloses hydrophobic plate simple structure, accessible mould integrated into one piece, construction cost is lower.

4. The hydrophobic plate and the water storage plate are novel concrete composite materials, and comprehensively replace the function of filtering water by paving natural stones on the top plate of the basement in the prior art.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of a hydrophobic plate;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line D-D of FIG. 1;

fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view E-E of fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a rear view of fig. 1.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view F-F of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along line G-G of FIG. 4;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the water storage and drainage structure of embodiment 1;

fig. 8 is a schematic view of the water storage and drainage structure of embodiment 3.

Fig. 9 is a schematic view of the water storage and drainage structure of embodiment 4.

Fig. 10 is a schematic view of the water storage and drainage structure of embodiment 5.

Fig. 11 is a schematic view of the water storage and drainage structure of embodiment 6.

Fig. 12 is a schematic view of the water storage and drainage structure of embodiment 7.

Fig. 13 is a schematic view of a water storage and drainage structure of embodiment 8.

Fig. 14 is a schematic view of a water storing and draining structure of embodiment 9.

Fig. 15 is a schematic view of a water storage and drainage structure of embodiment 10.

FIG. 16 is a first schematic view of a water storage and discharge plate.

FIG. 17 is a second schematic structural view of a water storage and discharge plate.

Reference numbers and corresponding part names in the drawings:

1-hydrophobic plate, 2-through hole, 3-lug, 4-reinforcing rib, 5-water storage and drainage plate, 6-supporting leg, 101-bottom surface, 102-first concave cavity, 103-top surface and 301-inclined surface.

Detailed Description

To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the following examples and drawings, and the exemplary embodiments and descriptions thereof of the present invention are only used for explaining the present invention, and are not intended as limitations of the present invention.

Example 1:

as shown in fig. 1-7, a water storage and drainage structure for drainage of a top plate of a basement comprises a plurality of hydrophobic plates 1 and a plurality of water storage and drainage plates 5;

the drainage plate 1 is provided with a plurality of vertical through holes 2, the bottom surface 101 of the drainage plate 1 is provided with at least one lug 3 for supporting the drainage plate 1, and a first concave cavity 102 for draining water is formed between every two adjacent lugs 3;

the water storage and drainage plate 5 is made of water absorption materials; the plurality of the hydrophobic plates 1 and the plurality of the water storage and drainage plates 5 are arranged in a staggered way, the bottom of the water storage and drainage structure is at least provided with a channel for draining water in a gap between the hydrophobic plates 1 and the ground surface,

the hydrophobic plate 1 is prefabricated and molded by adopting concrete, and the thickness of the hydrophobic plate 1 is 20cm, or any thickness of 10-40 cm.

In this embodiment, the hydrophobic plate 1 and the water storage and drainage plate 5 are both square structures, and the sizes of the two are the same, the round holes of the through holes 2 are provided with the convex blocks 3 at 4 corners, 4 sides and the center of the bottom surface 101, wherein the convex blocks 3 arranged at the center are square bodies, the convex blocks 3 arranged at the 4 corners are in L-shaped structures, the convex blocks 3 arranged at the 4 sides are strip-shaped plates, and a first concave cavity 102 for draining water is formed between two adjacent convex blocks 3 on one side.

In this embodiment, the bottom surface 101 is a surface facing the drainage channel when the hydrophobic plate 1 is installed, and the through hole 2 plays a role in draining water, so that water flowing to the upper surface of the hydrophobic plate 1 flows into the drainage channel below the bottom surface of the hydrophobic plate 1 from the through hole 2, and is drained away in time; the hydrophobic pore plate can be used for underground drainage, and is usually installed in soil below the surface of the ground. For example, for planting vegetation, after the concrete is poured on the top plate of the basement, the hydrophobic plate 1 is paved on the top plate to serve as a drainage channel, the bottom surface 101 faces downwards, the convex blocks 3 play a supporting role, meanwhile, the first concave cavities 102 are formed between the adjacent convex blocks 3, and flowing water flows away along the first concave cavities, so that water accumulation is effectively avoided.

In the present embodiment, the bump 3 is located at or near the edge of the bottom surface 101, so that the bump 3 has higher support stability for the hydrophobic plate 1; the structure is helpful for the convex blocks 3 to stably support the hydrophobic plate 1, the convex blocks 3 are positioned at each corner of the edge of the square bottom surface 101 and the middle part of the edge of two adjacent corners, so that the structure is more stable, and the more the convex blocks 3 are, the higher the support stability is, and the more stable the structure is; the shape, position and number of the projections 3 are not limited, and mainly play a role of stably supporting the hydrophobic plate 1 and do not obstruct the circulation of water under the hydrophobic plate 1.

In this embodiment, the bump 3 and the hydrophobic plate 1 can form an integrated structure, and are integrally formed through a mold, so that the production, the preparation and the installation are convenient.

In this embodiment, a plurality of hydrophobic slabs 1 are the groined type and arrange, and a plurality of drain bar 5 that hold are filled in the clearance of groined type, the top that holds drain bar 5 flushes with 1 bottom of hydrophobic slab, the bottom that holds drain bar 5 flushes with the bottom of lug 3, and a plurality of drain bar 5 that hold all adopt the foam concrete to make, and the bottom of a plurality of hydrophobic slabs 1 forms the passageway of a plurality of drainages, and the passageway quantity of drainage depends on the quantity of lug 3.

Specifically, hold drainage structures and constitute 6 rows by holding drain bar 5 and hydrophobic plate 1, the square of 6 rows, specifically, turn right from a left side and hold drain bar 5 for 1 in proper order, 1 hydrophobic plate 1, 2 hold drain bar 5, 1 hydrophobic plate 1, 1 holds drain bar 5, the third row, the fourth row, the structure of arranging of sixth row is the same with the first row, the second row all is hydrophobic plate 1 with the fifth row, this structure of arranging can be on the one hand when the water yield is great fully hydrophobic, on the other hand, hold drain bar 5 adjacent with hydrophobic plate 1 and can also fully retain water, make groundwater by cyclic utilization.

Example 2:

as shown in fig. 1 to 6, 7 and 16, the present embodiment is based on embodiment 1, and is different from embodiment 1 in that:

the thickness that holds drain bar 5 is unanimous with the thickness of hydrophobic plate 1, 4 edges in the bottom that hold drain bar 5 all are provided with 3 supporting legs 6, hold drain bar 5 and supporting leg 6 and be integrated into one piece, the height of supporting leg 6 and the highly uniform of lug 3 form the second cavity between 2 adjacent supporting legs 6, and a plurality of hydrophobic plates 1 and a plurality of bottoms that hold drain bar 5 form the passageway of a plurality of drainages, and the quantity of passageway depends on the quantity of lug 3 and the quantity of supporting leg 6.

As shown in fig. 17, the water storage and discharge plate 5 and the support legs 6 may be separate structures, and the support legs 6 may be connected to the bottom of the water storage and discharge plate 5 by a clearance fit or other means.

Example 3:

as shown in fig. 1 to 6 and 8, the present embodiment is based on embodiment 1, and is different from embodiment 1 in that:

the plurality of hydrophobic plates 1 are arranged in a cross shape, and the plurality of water storage and drainage plates 5 are filled in the cross-shaped gaps.

Specifically, the water storage and drainage structure is a square with 5 rows and 5 columns formed by the water storage and drainage plate 5 and the water drainage plate 1, specifically, the first row is sequentially provided with 2 water drainage plates 1, 1 water storage and drainage plate 5 and 2 water drainage plates 1 from left to right, the second row, the fourth row and the fifth row are consistent with the first row in shape, and the third row is completely provided with the water storage and drainage plate 5.

Example 4:

as shown in fig. 1 to 6 and 9, the present embodiment is based on embodiment 1, and is different from embodiment 1 in that:

the plurality of hydrophobic plates 1 are arranged in a straight line, and the plurality of water storage and drainage plates 5 are filled at two sides of the straight line.

Specifically, hold drainage structures and constitute 5 rows, 5 square of arranging by holding drainage 5 and hydrophobic plate 1, specifically, first row is 2 hydrophobic plate 1, 1 in proper order from a left side to the right side holds drainage 5, 2 hydrophobic plate 1, and the second is arranged to the fifth row all is unanimous with the shape of first row.

Example 5:

as shown in fig. 1 to 6 and 10, the present embodiment is based on embodiment 1, and is different from embodiment 1 in that:

the plurality of hydrophobic plates 1 are arranged in a T shape, and the plurality of water storage and drainage plates 5 are filled in the inner gaps of the T shape.

Specifically, hold drainage structures and constitute 5 rows, 5 squares of arranging by holding drainage 5 and hydrophobic plate 1, specifically, the first row is 5 hydrophobic plates 1, and the structure of second row to fifth row is unanimous, is 2 hydrophobic plates 1, 1 from a left side to the right side in proper order and holds drainage 5, 2 hydrophobic plates 1.

Example 6:

as shown in fig. 1 to 6 and 11, the present embodiment is based on embodiment 1, and is different from embodiment 1 in that:

the plurality of hydrophobic plates 1 are arranged in a square shape, and the plurality of water storage and drainage plates 5 fill the inner side of the square shape.

Specifically, the water storage and drainage structure is a square with 6 rows and 6 columns formed by the water storage and drainage plates 5 and the water drainage plates 1, specifically, the first row and the sixth row are 6 water drainage plates 1, the structures of the second row to the fifth row are consistent, and the first row and the sixth row are sequentially 1 water drainage plate 1, 4 water storage and drainage plates 5 and 1 water drainage plate 1 from left to right.

Example 7:

this example is based on example 1, and differs from example 1 in that:

the thickness that holds drain bar 5 is unanimous with the thickness of hydrophobic board 1, 4 edges in the bottom that hold drain bar 5 all are provided with 3 supporting legs 6, hold drain bar 5 and supporting leg 6 and be integrated into one piece, as shown in figure 16, the highly unanimous with the lug 3 of supporting leg 6, form the second cavity between 2 adjacent supporting legs 6, and the drain bar 1 with a plurality of arrangement and the quantity that hold drain bar 5 are shown in figure 12, a plurality of hydrophobic boards 1 and a plurality of bottoms that hold drain bar 5 form the passageway of a plurality of drainages, the quantity of passageway depends on the quantity of lug 3 and the quantity of supporting leg 6.

Specifically, the water storage and drainage structure is a square with 7 rows and 6 columns formed by the water storage and drainage plates 5 and the water drainage plates 1, specifically, the first row is 6 water drainage plates 1, the third row, the fifth row and the seventh row are consistent with the first row in structure, the second row is 1 water drainage plate 1, 4 water storage and drainage plates 5 and 1 water drainage plate 1 in sequence from left to right, and the fourth row and the sixth row are consistent with the second row in structure.

Example 8:

this example is based on example 1, and differs from example 1 in that:

the thickness that holds drain bar 5 is unanimous with the thickness of hydrophobic board 1, 4 edges in the bottom that hold drain bar 5 all are provided with 3 supporting legs 6, hold drain bar 5 and supporting leg 6 and be integrated into one piece, as shown in figure 16, the highly unanimous with the lug 3 of supporting leg 6, form the second cavity between 2 adjacent supporting legs 6, and the drain bar 1 with a plurality of arrangement and the quantity that hold drain bar 5 are shown in figure 13, a plurality of hydrophobic boards 1 and a plurality of bottoms that hold drain bar 5 form the passageway of a plurality of drainages, the quantity of passageway depends on the quantity of lug 3 and the quantity of supporting leg 6.

Specifically, the water storage and drainage structure is a square with 7 rows and 6 columns formed by the water storage and drainage plates 5 and the hydrophobic plates 1, specifically, the first row is 6 hydrophobic plates 1, and the seventh row has the same structure as the first row; turn right from a left side and be 1 hydrophobic plate 1, 4 in proper order in the second row and hold drain bar 5, 1 hydrophobic plate 1, the fourth row is unanimous with the structure of sixth row and second row, turns right from a left side and is 3 hydrophobic plates 1 in proper order, 1 holds drain bar 5, 2 hydrophobic plates 1, and turn right from a left side in proper order in the fifth row and be 2 hydrophobic plates 1, 1 and hold drain bar 5, 3 hydrophobic plates 1.

Example 9:

this example is based on example 1, and differs from example 1 in that:

the thickness that holds drain bar 5 is unanimous with the thickness of hydrophobic board 1, 4 edges in the bottom that hold drain bar 5 all are provided with 3 supporting legs 6, hold drain bar 5 and supporting leg 6 and be integrated into one piece, as shown in figure 16, the highly unanimous with the height of lug 3 of supporting leg 6, form the second cavity between 2 adjacent supporting legs 6, and the drain bar 1 with a plurality of arrangement and the quantity that hold drain bar 5 are shown in figure 14, a plurality of hydrophobic boards 1 and a plurality of bottoms that hold drain bar 5 form the passageway of a plurality of drainages, the quantity of passageway depends on the quantity of lug 3 and the quantity of supporting leg 6.

In this embodiment, the number of the hydrophobic plates 1 is 8, 8 hydrophobic plates 1 are enclosed into a square shape, and a water storage and drainage plate 5 is arranged on the inner side of the square shape.

Example 10:

this example is based on example 1, and differs from example 1 in that:

the thickness that holds drain bar 5 is unanimous with the thickness of hydrophobic board 1, 4 edges in the bottom that hold drain bar 5 all are provided with 3 supporting legs 6, supporting leg 6 with hold drain bar 5 and be split type structure, as shown in FIG. 17, the highly unanimous with the lug 3 of supporting leg 6, form the second cavity between 2 adjacent supporting legs 6, and hydrophobic board 1 and a plurality of arrangement and the quantity that holds drain bar 5 are shown in FIG. 15, a plurality of hydrophobic boards 1 and a plurality of bottoms that hold drain bar 5 form the passageway of a plurality of drainages, the quantity of passageway depends on the quantity of lug 3 and the quantity of supporting leg 6.

Specifically, the water storage and drainage structure is a square with 5 rows and 5 columns formed by the water storage and drainage plates 5 and the water drainage plates 1, specifically, the first row is 5 water drainage plates 1, the structures of the third row and the fifth row are consistent with the first row, the second row is sequentially 1 water drainage plate 1, 1 water storage and drainage plate 5, 1 water drainage plate 1 from left to right, and the structure of the fourth row is consistent with the second row.

Example 11:

as shown in fig. 1 to 6, this embodiment is based on embodiment 1, a plurality of reinforcing ribs 4 are provided on the bottom surface 101, the thickness of the reinforcing ribs 4 is smaller than the height of the bump 3, one end of the reinforcing ribs 4 is connected to the bump 3 provided at the center of the bottom surface 101, and the other end is connected to the bump 3 provided at the edge of the bottom surface 101.

If the thickness of the hydrophobic plate 1 is large, the volume of the hydrophobic plate is large, construction is inconvenient, installation by a plurality of workers is needed, or mechanical equipment such as a high crane is needed to be paved. Therefore, the light and small construction is helpful to reduce the construction difficulty and improve the construction efficiency. In order to reduce the weight and volume of the hydrophobic plate 1 while satisfying the strength requirement, the smaller the thickness of the hydrophobic plate 1 is, the better, however, the reduction in the thickness of the hydrophobic plate 1 causes the strength thereof to be lowered. In view of this, the reinforcing ribs 4 are provided on the bottom surface 101, thereby improving the overall structural strength.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the reinforcing rib 4 may be a strip-shaped structure, and the plurality of reinforcing ribs 4 form a support structure shaped like a Chinese character 'mi', so that the whole structure is stable. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the position of the reinforcing rib 4 is not limited and may be provided at any desired position of the bottom surface 101 without blocking the passage of the flowing water.

Example 12:

as shown in fig. 1 to 6, in the present embodiment, based on embodiment 1, the side wall of the bump 3 for forming the first concave cavity 102 is provided with a slope 301, and the slope 301 forms an obtuse angle with the bottom surface 101.

In this embodiment, the inclined plane 301 forms an obtuse angle with the bottom surface 101 of the hydrophobic plate 1, so that the stability of the projection 3 supporting the hydrophobic plate 1 is improved, and a larger cavity for water to flow through is formed, thereby improving the water passing efficiency.

Example 13:

as shown in fig. 1 to 6, this embodiment is based on embodiment 1, and a filter layer is disposed on the top surface 103 of the hydrophobic plate 1.

In this embodiment, top surface 103 orientation and soil layer contact, the filter layer has the effect of hydrophobic isolation soil, stone grain simultaneously, makes water pass through the hydrophobic layer smoothly on the one hand, flows into the first concave cavity 102 of bottom surface 101 below through-hole 2, and on the other hand effectively keeps apart soil, stone grain, avoids soil, stone grain to block up through-hole 2, causes hydrophobic plate 1's hydrophobic ability to reduce. The hydrophobic isolation layer can be non-woven fabric and the like.

After soil with a certain thickness is paved on the upper surface of the filter layer of the hydrophobic plate 1, corresponding vegetation is planted in the soil.

Example 14:

as shown in fig. 1 to 6, the present embodiment is based on embodiment 1, and is different from the embodiment in that:

at the 4 corners of the square bottom surface 101 where the projections 3 are located, the hydrophobic plate 1 is stably supported by the projections 3.

Example 15:

as shown in fig. 1 to 6, the present embodiment is based on embodiment 1, and is different from the embodiment in that:

the projections 3 are located at 4 corners and 4 sides of the square bottom surface 101 so that the hydrophobic plate 1 is stably supported by the projections 3.

To sum up, in utility model hold drainage structures can be used to the underground drainage in various places, retaining engineering, including public place and non-public place, for example, can be used to the underground drainage in places such as open-air or non-open parking area, urban road, commercial building, residential quarter, park, stadium, retaining engineering.

This embodiment provides a simple hydrophobic structure that can satisfy the drainage requirement again, and the volume is less, and construction convenience need not mechanical equipment such as expensive hoist and participates in and can accomplish the pavement, and construction cost is lower, and further, can also combine to hold drain bar 5, realizes retaining, and then realizes the cyclic utilization of groundwater.

The above-mentioned embodiments, further detailed description of the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, it should be understood that the above description is only the embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A water storage and drainage structure for drainage of a top plate of a basement is characterized by comprising a plurality of hydrophobic plates (1) and a plurality of water storage and drainage plates (5);

the drainage plate (1) is provided with a plurality of vertical through holes (2), the bottom surface (101) of the drainage plate (1) is provided with at least one lug (3) for supporting the drainage plate (1), and a first concave cavity (102) for draining water is formed between every two adjacent lugs (3);

the water storage and drainage plate (5) is made of water absorption materials; the drainage structure is characterized in that the plurality of hydrophobic plates (1) and the plurality of water storage and drainage plates (5) are arranged in a staggered mode, and the bottom of the water storage and drainage structure is at least provided with a channel for draining water in a gap between the hydrophobic plates (1) and the ground surface.

2. The water storage and drainage structure for the top plate drainage of the basement according to claim 1, wherein when the plurality of hydrophobic plates (1) and the plurality of water storage and drainage plates (5) are arranged in a staggered manner, the bottom of the water storage and drainage structure is provided with at least one channel for drainage of a gap between the hydrophobic plates (1) and the ground surface, which is formed by the continuous arrangement of the hydrophobic plates (1).

3. The water storage and drainage structure for the top plate drainage of the basement as claimed in claim 2, wherein the shapes of the plurality of hydrophobic plates (1) comprise a groined shape, a cross shape, a straight shape, a T shape and a square shape.

4. The water storage and drainage structure for the top plate drainage of the basement according to claim 1, wherein at least one supporting leg (6) is arranged at the bottom of the water storage and drainage plate (5), and a second concave cavity for drainage is formed between two adjacent supporting legs (6).

5. A water storage and drainage structure for basement roof drainage according to claim 4, characterized in that the thickness of the water storage and drainage plate (5) is consistent with that of the drainage plate (1), and the height of the supporting leg (6) is consistent with that of the bump (3).

6. The water storage and drainage structure for the top plate drainage of the basement as claimed in claim 1, wherein the water storage and drainage plate (5) comprises at least one of ordinary concrete, foamed concrete, high-strength concrete or ultra-high performance concrete.

7. The water storage and drainage structure for the top plate drainage of the basement according to claim 1, wherein the bottom surface (101) is provided with at least one reinforcing rib (4), and the thickness of the reinforcing rib (4) is smaller than or equal to the height of the bump (3).

8. The water storage and drainage structure for the top plate drainage of the basement according to claim 1, wherein the convex block (3) is provided in plurality, and the plurality of convex blocks (3) are arranged at the edge of the bottom surface (101) or close to the edge of the bottom surface (101).

9. The water storage and drainage structure for the top plate drainage of the basement according to claim 1, wherein the hydrophobic plate (1) is prefabricated and formed by concrete, and the thickness of the hydrophobic plate (1) is 10-40 cm.

10. A water storage and drainage structure for the drainage of the top plate of the basement according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that the top surface (103) of the hydrophobic plate (1) is provided with a filter layer.

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