CN208741114U - A kind of femoral interlocking nail - Google Patents

Abstract

A kind of femoral interlocking nail, the femur includes a femoral head, one femoral interlocking nail, the femoral interlocking nail includes a main nail, one core nail, an and anti-rotary knife piece, the main nail includes an ailhead and a nail rod, the ailhead interior with nail rod includes a hollow cavity being connected to, the free end of the nail rod includes at least two blade guides, the core nail is housed in the hollow cavity, the anti-rotary knife piece includes a connecting rod, at least two bearings, and at least two blade, the free end of at least two blade is housed in respectively at least two blade guide, the anti-rotary knife piece is inserted into the femoral head.Due to without the external sighting device of conventional intramedullary nails, while reducing installation difficulty, shortening the set-up time, also avoiding the fixed failure in traditional lock fashion, improving safety and validity in the anti-rotary knife sector-meeting insertion femoral head.

Description

A kind of femoral interlocking nail

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of orthopedic fixation device tool, especially a kind of femoral interlocking nail.

Background technique

There is a kind of self-locking anti-rotation intramedullary nail in the orthopedic medical device of the prior art, be generally quincunx intramedullary nail, The plum-shaped structure of outer nail is complicated, and anti-rotation property is poor, and application range is small.The flank followed closely in it follows closely that be coupled operation suitable with outer It is inconvenient.The effect lock inflexion point setting position of inside and outside nail is difficult to ensure appropriately, thus keeps its self-lock force smaller.Make in marrow sometimes Follow closely self-locking effect loosely.The upper end self-locking device of intramedullary nail design, structure is complicated and it is excessive to damage to limbs stock meat, and does not have Play the role of pressurizeing to fracture.It is this advantages of fixing-stable although there is anti-rotation there are also a kind of interlocking shape intramedullary nail Pin structure is complicated, and installation is complicated for operation, and technical requirements are high, needs to be operated under x-ray, this also has radiational injury to doctor and patient Evil.

Summary of the invention

In view of this, the present invention provides a kind of femoral interlocking nail and using the femur of the femoral interlocking nail, on solving State problem.

A kind of femoral interlocking nail comprising a main nail, a core nail being arranged in the main nail and a setting The anti-rotary knife piece of one end is followed closely in the core.The main nail includes an ailhead and a nail rod connecting with the ailhead.It is described Ailhead interior with nail rod includes a hollow cavity being connected to.The free end of the nail rod includes at least two blade guides.The core Nail sliding is housed in the hollow cavity.The anti-rotary knife piece includes the connecting rod that the axial end portion of the core nail is arranged in, It at least two bearings being arranged on the free end of the connecting rod and at least two is rotatably provided on the bearing respectively Blade.At least two blade is housed in respectively at least two blade guide.

Further, the ailhead includes the internal screw thread on a side wall that the hollow cavity is arranged in.

Further, the axial ends of the core nail respectively includes first, second rotary table, and first rotary table is used for The anti-rotary knife piece is set.

Further, second rotary table is provided with Hexagon hole.

Further, the anti-rotary knife piece further includes at least two circlips, each described circlip is set on bearing simultaneously Rotate corresponding blade towards the direction of the central axis far from core nail.

Further, the ailhead includes the mounting groove that an edge is opened up perpendicular to the axial direction of the nail rod.

Further, the ailhead includes multiple card teeth, and multiple card tooth is evenly distributed on the lateral wall of the ailhead.

Compared with prior art, it due to using the femur of femoral interlocking nail that there is the anti-rotary knife piece, can achieve certainly The effect of lock, and without being equipped with fixing screws, required installation tool are also in daily use and simply, and quantity is also greatly reduced, operation It is simple and convenient.Simultaneously because, without the external sighting device of conventional intramedullary nails, being reduced in the anti-rotary knife sector-meeting insertion femoral head While installation difficulty, shortening set-up time, the fixed failure in traditional lock fashion is also avoided, safety is improved and has Effect property.In addition, since the femoral interlocking nail only need to reduce the damage of the skin and bone to patient in the upper end opening of femoral head Wound.

Detailed description of the invention

The embodiment of the present invention is described below in conjunction with attached drawing, in which:

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the section structure using the femur of the femoral interlocking nail.

Fig. 2 is the decomposition texture schematic diagram of femoral interlocking nail possessed by the femur using flesh intramedullary pin of Fig. 1.

Specific embodiment

Specific embodiments of the present invention are further elaborated below based on attached drawing.It should be understood that herein The explanation of the embodiment of the present invention is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 is please referred to, is a kind of structural representation of the femur 100 using femoral interlocking nail provided by the invention Figure.The femur 100 using femoral interlocking nail includes that a femoral head 10 and one are plugged in the femoral head 10 Femoral interlocking nail 20.It should be noted that the femoral head 10 further includes a lot of other human bodies, such as periosteum, and marrow, sclerotin etc., And be attached to the tissue on bone, such as blood vessel, nerve etc..Since it is not as emphasis of the invention, do not elaborate It is not shown in the accompanying drawings.

The femoral head 10 is the bone of mankind's shank comprising a upper end 11, a lower end 12 and a connection Diaphysis 13 between the upper end 11 and lower end 12.The upper end 11 is connect with hip joint (not shown), and have for The structure that hip joint is coupled, such as neck of femur, greater trochanter, lesser trochanter and intertrochanteric line.The lower end 12 and knee joint (not shown) connection, and there is the structure referred to as femur belemnoid.The diaphysis 13 is in slightly bent shape, and is connected to the upper end Between 11 and lower end 12.The diaphysis 13 has the femoral bone cavitas medullaris 131 for being used to accommodate marrow.

The femoral interlocking nail 20 is from the femoral bone cavitas medullaris 131 that the upper end 11 is inserted in the diaphysis 13, and including one The anti-rotary knife that the core follows closely 22 one end is arranged in a main nail 21, a core nail 22 being arranged in the main nail 21 and one Piece 23.

The main nail 21 includes an ailhead 211, and a nail rod 212 connecting with the ailhead 211 and one are provided with In the ailhead 211 and nail rod 212 and the hollow cavity 213 that is connected to.The ailhead 211 includes one and is arranged in the hollow cavity Internal screw thread 2111 on 213 side wall, the mounting groove 2112, Yi Jiduo that an edge is opened up perpendicular to the axial direction of the nail rod 212 A card tooth 2113.The internal screw thread 2111 is for being fixedly mounted the core nail 22.The internal screw thread 2111 is used for mounting groove 2112 When the femoral interlocking nail 20 to be inserted into the pulp cavity 131 of the diaphysis 13, it is connect with intramedullary nail installation tool (not shown). I.e. when installing the femoral interlocking nail 20, intramedullary nail installation tool and the internal screw thread 2111 are screwed together first, and Its flank is set to be inserted into the mounting groove 2112 with the positional relationship of the fixation installation tool and the main nail 21, then using in the marrow It follows closely installation tool the femoral interlocking nail 20 is inserted into pulp cavity 131.It should be further noted that the intramedullary nail installation tool It should be the prior art, be usually used standard tool, be no longer described in detail herein.The card tooth 2113 is evenly distributed on institute It on the lateral wall for stating ailhead 211, is combined for the upper end 11 with femoral head 10, so as to avoid main 21 rotation of nail.It is described One end of the ailhead 211, and the blade guide 2121 that its free end side is arranged in including at least two is arranged in nail rod 212. The length of the nail rod 212 can design according to the actual needs, such as the length of femoral head 10.Meanwhile described nail rod 212 The factually structure feature of border femoral head 10, with certain radian.The blade guide 2121 is described for accommodating or stretching out Anti- rotary knife piece 23, quantity are equal with the knife number of anti-rotary knife piece 23.Under normal conditions, for uniform force, the nail rod 212 include at least two blade guides 2121.In the present embodiment, the nail rod 212 includes two symmetrically arranged knives Piece guide groove 2121.It is envisioned that the nail rod 212 can also include into three blade guides 2121 of 120 degree of settings, with And it is partitioned into four blade guides 2121 of 90 degree of settings.The length of the blade guide 2121 is according to the anti-rotary knife piece 23 Depending on the length of blade.The hollow cavity 213 runs through the ailhead 211 and nail rod for wearing the core nail 22 for one 212 through-hole.

The axial ends of core nail 22 respectively includes first, second rotary table 221,222 and a connection described the One, the middle part 223 of the second rotary table 221,222.First rotary table 221 is for being arranged the anti-rotary knife piece 23.Described second An interior hexagonal is provided on rotary table 222.The diameter of the middle part 223 can be less than first, second rotary table 221,222 Diameter, to reduce the overall weight of core nail 22, while cooperating the radian of the main nail 21, the i.e. middle part of core nail 22 It can be straight-bar.And since the diameter of the straight-bar is less than the diameter of hollow cavity 213, so as to accommodate the core nail of the rectilinear form 22 middle part 223.

The anti-rotary knife piece 23 is fixed at the end of the first rotary table 221 of the core nail 22 comprising a setting In the connecting rod 231 of the axial end portion of core nail, at least two are arranged in the bearing 232 on the free end of the connecting rod 231, with And at least two be rotatably provided in blade 233 on the bearing 232 respectively.The connecting rod 231 can pass through the method for welding It is fixed on first rotary table 221, can also be connected through a screw thread.In the present embodiment, the connecting rod 231 is set by screw thread It sets in the axial direction of first rotary table 221.In the present embodiment, the anti-rotary knife piece 23 includes two bearings 232 and two Blade 233.The end of the connecting rod 231 can be arranged in the bearing 232 by the method for welding.Described two blades 233 It is respectively sleeved on described two bearings 232, and can be rotated around respective bearing 232.Each blade 233 can have Identical structure, and it is provided with blade towards the side of the pulp cavity 131 of femoral head 10, femoral head 10 can be inserted into using it It is interior, to fix the relative position of the anti-rotary knife piece 23.In order to fix the relative position of each blade 233, the knife The free end of piece 233 is housed in the blade guide 2121.The femoral head 10 is inserted into the femoral interlocking nail 20 In the process, the anti-rotary knife piece 23 is contained in the blade guide 2121, that is to say, that is inserted in the femoral interlocking nail 20 During entering the femoral head 10, the anti-rotary knife piece 23 in the axially direction of the vertical nail rod 212 it is maximum away from Diameter from the pulp cavity 131 for being less than the femoral head 10.When the main nail 21 is installed under the action of intramedullary nail installment work When the appropriate location of femoral head 10, the core nail 22 is pushed with allen wrench, to push the anti-rotary knife piece 23, is made described Blade 233 is stretched out from blade guide 2121, then proceedes to that the core is pushed to follow closely 22, blade 233 is made to be inserted into the pulp cavity of femoral head 10 In 131 side wall, reach the fixed effect of axial anti-cripetura.

The anti-rotary knife piece 23 can also include at least two circlips 234.Each described circlip 234 is set in bearing On 232 and rotate corresponding blade 233 towards the direction of the central axis far from core nail 22.In the effect of the circlip 234 Under, when the blade 233 is in hollow cavity 213, which will be in compressive state, and described in entering when blade 233 When blade guide 2121, which will be unfolded under the action of circlip 234 and support the pulp cavity 131 in femoral head 10 On inner wall.Again under the effect of external force, it will be inserted into inner wall, to fix the position of the femoral interlocking nail 20.It is contemplated that , due to the presence of the circlip 234, when pushing core bar 22, two blades 233 of the anti-rotary knife piece 23 By Automatic-expanding.

When installing the femoral interlocking nail 20, pass through the internal screw thread 2111 and mounting groove 2112 of main nail 21 and the marrow first Interior nail installation tool connection, the anti-rotary knife piece 23 described at this time are in closed state, that is, are contained in blade guide 2121, through femur Direct motion approach at the center of first 10 upper end 11, after entering the pulp cavity 131 of the femoral head 10, by intramedullary nail installation tool Removal.Again by the interior hexagonal of the second rotary table 222 of die nut insertion core bar 22, the core bar 22 is pushed, carries out pushing this anti- Rotary knife piece 23, and the blade 233 of anti-rotary knife piece 23 is stuck in the blade guide 2121 and cannot advance, thus the blade 233 It will be softened, and form cross, and be fixed in femoral head 10, and achieve the effect that radial anti-rotation and axial anti-cripetura.It has fixed Cheng Hou can remove die nut, complete installation.

Compared with prior art, due to using the femur 100 of femoral interlocking nail that there is the anti-rotary knife piece 23, Ke Yida To self-locking effect, and without being equipped with fixing screws, required installation tool is also in daily use and simply, and quantity is also greatly reduced, It is simple to operate.Simultaneously because the anti-rotary knife piece 23 can be inserted into femoral head 10, the external aiming without conventional intramedullary nails is filled It sets, while reducing installation difficulty, shortening the set-up time, also avoids the fixed failure in traditional lock fashion, improve Safety and validity.In addition, reducing since the femoral interlocking nail 20 need to only be open in the upper end of femoral head 11 to patient's The damage of skin and bone.

The foregoing is merely a prefered embodiment of the invention, is not used to limitation protection scope of the present invention, any in the present invention Modification, equivalent replacement or improvement in spirit etc., all cover in scope of the presently claimed invention.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of femoral interlocking nail, it is characterised in that: the femoral interlocking nail includes a main nail, and one is arranged in the main nail Interior core nail and one are arranged in the anti-rotary knife piece that the core follows closely one end, the main nail include an ailhead and one with The nail rod of ailhead connection, the ailhead interior with nail rod includes a hollow cavity being connected to, and the free end of the nail rod includes extremely Few two blade guides, the core nail sliding are housed in the hollow cavity, and the anti-rotary knife piece includes one and is arranged described The connecting rod of the axial end portion of core nail, at least two are arranged in bearing and at least two difference on the free end of the connecting rod The blade being rotatably provided on the bearing, at least two blade are housed in respectively at least two blade guide.

2. femoral interlocking nail as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the ailhead includes one and is arranged in the hollow cavity Side wall on internal screw thread.

3. femoral interlocking nail as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that: the axial ends of core nail respectively includes one the One rotary table and the second rotary table, first rotary table is for being arranged the anti-rotary knife piece.

4. femoral interlocking nail as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that: second rotary table is provided with Hexagon hole.

5. femoral interlocking nail as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the anti-rotary knife piece further includes at least two circlips, Each described circlip is set on bearing and rotates corresponding blade towards the direction of the central axis far from core nail.

6. femoral interlocking nail as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the ailhead includes an edge perpendicular to the nail rod The mounting groove that opens up of axial direction.

7. femoral interlocking nail as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the ailhead includes multiple card teeth, multiple card tooth It is evenly distributed on the lateral wall of the ailhead.