CN1316611C - Wafer-level semiconductor package with build-up structure and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Wafer-level semiconductor package with build-up structure and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
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- H01L24/00—Arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies; Methods or apparatus related thereto
- H01L24/01—Means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected, e.g. chip-to-package, die-attach, "first-level" interconnects; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L24/18—High density interconnect [HDI] connectors; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L24/19—Manufacturing methods of high density interconnect preforms
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2224/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and methods related thereto as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2224/01—Means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected, e.g. chip-to-package, die-attach, "first-level" interconnects; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L2224/10—Bump connectors; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L2224/12—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the bump connectors prior to the connecting process
- H01L2224/12105—Bump connectors formed on an encapsulation of the semiconductor or solid-state body, e.g. bumps on chip-scale packages
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2224/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and methods related thereto as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2224/01—Means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected, e.g. chip-to-package, die-attach, "first-level" interconnects; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L2224/18—High density interconnect [HDI] connectors; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L2224/19—Manufacturing methods of high density interconnect preforms
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2924/15—Details of package parts other than the semiconductor or other solid state devices to be connected
- H01L2924/181—Encapsulation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2924/15—Details of package parts other than the semiconductor or other solid state devices to be connected
- H01L2924/181—Encapsulation
- H01L2924/1815—Shape
- H01L2924/1816—Exposing the passive side of the semiconductor or solid-state body
- H01L2924/18162—Exposing the passive side of the semiconductor or solid-state body of a chip with build-up interconnect
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明是关于一种晶圆级半导体封装件及其制法,特别是关于一种在芯片的作用表面(Active Surface)上形成增层结构,使供焊球植接的外露接点(External Contacts)外扩出该芯片作用表面的晶圆级半导体封装件及其制法。The present invention relates to a wafer-level semiconductor package and its manufacturing method, in particular to a build-up structure formed on the Active Surface of a chip so that the external contacts (External Contacts) for solder ball implantation A wafer-level semiconductor package extending out of the active surface of the chip and its manufacturing method.
背景技术Background technique
随着电子产品向轻薄短小的发展,电子产品核心组件的半导体封装件也朝小型化(Miniaturization)方向发展。本领域发展出的小型化半导体封装件的一种形态为芯片级封装件(Chip Scale Package,CSP),其特征是这种芯片级封装件的尺寸等于或约大于芯片尺寸的1.2倍。With the development of electronic products becoming thinner and smaller, the semiconductor packages of the core components of electronic products are also developing in the direction of miniaturization. One form of miniaturized semiconductor package developed in this field is chip scale package (Chip Scale Package, CSP), which is characterized in that the size of this chip scale package is equal to or about 1.2 times larger than the chip size.
半导体封装件除尺寸上小型化外,也须提高集成度以及与电路板等外界装置电性连接用的输入/输出端(I/O Contact)的数量,才能符合电子产品在高性能与高处理速度上的需求。而增加输入/输出端数量的方式,一般是在芯片的作用表面上布设尽量多的焊垫(Bond Pads),但芯片的作用表面上布设的焊垫数量必会受限于作用表面的面积及焊垫间的间距(Pitch);为进一步在有限面积上布设更多数量的输入/输出端,出现了晶圆级封装件,如晶圆级芯片级封装件(Wafer Level CSP)。In addition to the miniaturization of the size of the semiconductor package, it is also necessary to increase the integration level and the number of input/output terminals (I/O Contact) for electrical connection with external devices such as circuit boards, in order to meet the high performance and high processing requirements of electronic products. The need for speed. The way to increase the number of input/output ports is generally to arrange as many bond pads as possible on the active surface of the chip, but the number of bond pads arranged on the active surface of the chip must be limited by the area of the active surface and the The pitch between pads (Pitch); in order to further arrange a greater number of input/output terminals on a limited area, wafer-level packages, such as wafer-level chip-scale packages (Wafer Level CSP), have emerged.
晶圆级封装件使用一种导线重布技术(Redistribution LayerTechnology,RDL),其在芯片的作用表面上形成介电层(DielectricLayer),再在介电层上开孔以外露出芯片的作用表面上的焊垫,然后在该介电层上形成多条导线,使各该导线的一端电性连接至芯片上的焊垫,而另一端则形成接点(contact),接着,在介电层上敷设阻焊剂层(Solder Mask Layer),以覆盖住该导线及焊垫,最后,在该阻焊剂层中形成多个开孔(opening),使该导线的接点能从对应的开孔外露出,供焊球焊接。这种运用导线重布技术形成的增层结构(Build-up Layer)虽能有效增加芯片与外界电性连接的输入/输出端数量,但是其仍受限于芯片的作用表面上的有限面积。Wafer-level packaging uses a wire redistribution technology (Redistribution Layer Technology, RDL), which forms a dielectric layer (DielectricLayer) on the active surface of the chip, and then opens a hole in the dielectric layer to expose the active surface of the chip. Welding pads, and then form a plurality of wires on the dielectric layer, so that one end of each wire is electrically connected to the pads on the chip, and the other end forms a contact (contact), and then laying a resistor on the dielectric layer Solder Mask Layer (Solder Mask Layer) to cover the wires and pads, and finally, a plurality of openings (openings) are formed in the solder resist layer so that the contacts of the wires can be exposed from the corresponding openings for soldering ball soldering. Although this kind of build-up layer structure (Build-up Layer) formed by wire redistribution technology can effectively increase the number of input/output terminals electrically connected between the chip and the outside world, it is still limited by the limited area on the active surface of the chip.
为进一步增加芯片对外电性连接的输入/输出端数量,解决方法是将输入/输出端的布设范围外扩(Fan-out)至芯片的作用表面外的区域。此种使增层结构延伸至芯片以外区域的半导体封装件,见美国第6,271,469号专利,如图7所示,该第6,271,469号专利所揭示的半导体封装件6是使芯片60包覆在经模压程序(Molding Process)形成的胶体62中,该芯片60的作用表面602在胶体62形成后外露出该胶体62的表面622,增层结构64(由介电层642、导线644及阻焊剂层646构成)则形成于该芯片60的作用表面602及胶体62的表面622上,该增层结构64通过导线644与芯片60的焊垫604电性连接,以在焊球66植接至该增层结构64上并与导线644电性连接后,该芯片60能通过焊球66与外界电性连接。In order to further increase the number of input/output terminals connected to the chip externally, the solution is to fan-out the layout range of the input/output terminals to an area outside the active surface of the chip. This kind of semiconductor package that extends the build-up structure to areas other than the chip is shown in U.S. Patent No. 6,271,469. As shown in FIG. In the colloid 62 formed by the program (Molding Process), the active surface 602 of the chip 60 exposes the surface 622 of the colloid 62 after the colloid 62 is formed, and the build-up structure 64 (by the dielectric layer 642, the wire 644 and the solder resist layer 646 structure) is formed on the active surface 602 of the chip 60 and the surface 622 of the colloid 62, the build-up structure 64 is electrically connected to the pad 604 of the chip 60 through a wire 644, so that the solder ball 66 is implanted to the build-up layer After the structure 64 is electrically connected to the wire 644 , the chip 60 can be electrically connected to the outside through the solder ball 66 .
该半导体封装件6的结构虽能提供较大的输入/输出端的布设面积,从而能增加输入/输出端数量,但是该胶体62并非形成于硬度较高的基板(Substrate)上,且中间嵌置芯片60的部位比周围未嵌置芯片的部位薄,所以在后续制程的温度循环中易发生翘曲,并因应力集中的影响,在标号为624的地方往往有碎裂(Crack)现象产生;同时,由于芯片60大致被胶体62包覆,会因两者热膨胀系数(Coefficient ofThermal Expansion,CTE)的差异大,导致芯片60与胶体间的脱层(Delamination),而影响制成品的品质。Although the structure of the semiconductor package 6 can provide a larger input/output layout area, thereby increasing the number of input/output terminals, the colloid 62 is not formed on a substrate (Substrate) with higher hardness, and embedded in the middle. The part of the chip 60 is thinner than the surrounding part where the chip is not embedded, so it is easy to warp in the temperature cycle of the subsequent process, and due to the influence of stress concentration, cracking (Crack) often occurs at the place labeled 624; At the same time, since the chip 60 is roughly covered by the colloid 62, the difference in the coefficient of thermal expansion (Coefficient of Thermal Expansion, CTE) between the two will cause delamination (Delamination) between the chip 60 and the colloid, which will affect the quality of the finished product.
为解决前述美国第6,271,469号专利的半导体封装件的缺点,美国第6,498,387号专利提供一种以玻璃板承载芯片的半导体封装件。如图8所示,该半导体封装件7是将芯片70粘置在玻璃板71上,然后,在芯片70上涂布环氧树脂层(Epoxy)72,将该芯片70包覆后,在该环氧树脂层72中开孔以外露出芯片70上的焊垫702,接着,在该环氧树脂层72上形成多条与该焊垫702电性连接的导线73,再于该环氧树脂层72上敷设阻焊剂层74以覆盖住该导线73,然后,在该阻焊剂层74上开孔以外露出部分的导线73,供焊球75植接至外露的导线72上。In order to solve the disadvantages of the aforementioned semiconductor package in US Pat. No. 6,271,469, US Pat. No. 6,498,387 provides a semiconductor package in which chips are supported on a glass plate. As shown in Figure 8, this semiconductor package 7 is that the chip 70 is stuck on the glass plate 71, then, on the chip 70, coat epoxy resin layer (Epoxy) 72, after the chip 70 is covered, on the The solder pad 702 on the chip 70 is exposed outside the hole in the epoxy resin layer 72, and then, on the epoxy resin layer 72, a plurality of wires 73 electrically connected to the solder pad 702 are formed, and then the epoxy resin layer A solder resist layer 74 is laid on the solder resist layer 72 to cover the wire 73 , and then, the exposed part of the wire 73 outside the hole is opened on the solder resist layer 74 for the solder ball 75 to be implanted on the exposed wire 72 .
该美国第6,498,387号专利以玻璃板71作为芯片70的承载件,利用该玻璃板71质硬的特性,可解决第6,271,469号专利的胶体翘曲及碎裂的问题,且因玻璃板71与芯片70的CTE相近,所以也无上述CTE差异而造成脱层的问题;然而,该芯片70乃粘置在玻璃板71上,使第6,498,387号专利的半导体封装件7的整体厚度是芯片70、玻璃板71及形成于该芯片70上的增层结构的厚度之和,令半导体封装件7无法有效薄化以符合要求。此外,该芯片70被环氧树脂层72完全包覆,往往会因芯片70与环氧树脂层72在热膨胀系数(CTE Mismatch)上的差异而在后续制程的温度循环中,导致芯片70受热应力的影响而发生裂损。同时,该环氧树脂层72的侧面720直接曝露于大气中,会因环氧树脂本身的吸湿性高,导致外界的水气经由环氧树脂层72而积聚在芯片70的作用表面上,故会导致气爆(Popcorn)问题,更进一步地使制成品的可靠度无法提高。The U.S. Patent No. 6,498,387 uses a glass plate 71 as a carrier for the chip 70. The hard property of the glass plate 71 can solve the problem of colloid warping and fragmentation in the No. 6,271,469 patent, and because the glass plate 71 and the chip The CTE of 70 is similar, so there is no problem of delamination caused by the above-mentioned CTE difference; yet, this chip 70 is glued on the glass plate 71, so that the overall thickness of the semiconductor package 7 of the No. 6,498,387 patent is the chip 70, glass The sum of the thicknesses of the board 71 and the build-up structure formed on the chip 70 prevents the semiconductor package 7 from being effectively thinned to meet the requirement. In addition, the chip 70 is completely covered by the epoxy resin layer 72, often due to the difference in the thermal expansion coefficient (CTE Mismatch) between the chip 70 and the epoxy resin layer 72, in the temperature cycle of the subsequent process, the chip 70 is subjected to thermal stress. cracks due to the influence. Simultaneously, the side 720 of this epoxy resin layer 72 is directly exposed to the atmosphere, and because of the high hygroscopicity of the epoxy resin itself, the external water vapor will accumulate on the active surface of the chip 70 through the epoxy resin layer 72, so It will lead to the Popcorn problem, and furthermore, the reliability of the finished product cannot be improved.
由上可知,该第6,271,469及6,498,387号专利的半导体封装件均存有若干急待解决的问题。It can be seen from the above that the semiconductor packages of the No. 6,271,469 and No. 6,498,387 patents both have some urgent problems to be solved.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为克服上述现有技术的缺点,本发明的主要目的在于提供一种无翘曲、碎裂与脱层问题、且能提高可靠度的具有增层结构的晶圆级半导体封装件。To overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the main purpose of the present invention is to provide a wafer-level semiconductor package with a build-up structure that is free from warping, cracking and delamination, and can improve reliability.
本发明的另一目的在于提供一种能有效薄化以满足需求的具有增层结构的晶圆级半导体封装件。Another object of the present invention is to provide a wafer-level semiconductor package with a build-up structure that can be effectively thinned to meet requirements.
本发明的再一目的在于提供一种无须使用注胶模具而能降低封装成本的具有增层结构的晶圆级半导体封装件的制法。Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a wafer-level semiconductor package with a build-up structure that does not require an injection mold and can reduce packaging costs.
本发明的又一目的在于提供一种不易吸湿而能提高产品可靠度的具有增层结构的晶圆级半导体封装件。Another object of the present invention is to provide a wafer-level semiconductor package with a build-up structure that is less prone to moisture absorption and can improve product reliability.
为达成上述及其它目的,本发明提供一种具有增层结构的晶圆级半导体封装件,其包括:开设有至少一贯穿孔的硬质框架;至少一个容设在该硬质框架中的芯片,且该芯片与硬质框架间形成有间隙;用于填充该间隙的低模数缓冲材料;形成于该芯片与硬质框架上的增层结构,使该增层结构与芯片形成电性连接关系;以及多个与该增层结构电性连接的导电组件。In order to achieve the above and other objects, the present invention provides a wafer-level semiconductor package with a build-up structure, which includes: a rigid frame with at least one through hole; at least one chip accommodated in the rigid frame, And there is a gap formed between the chip and the hard frame; a low-modulus buffer material used to fill the gap; a build-up structure formed on the chip and the hard frame, so that the build-up structure and the chip form an electrical connection relationship ; and a plurality of conductive components electrically connected to the build-up structure.
该芯片与硬质框架的厚度相同时,该芯片的非作用表面(InactiveSurface,相对于芯片与增层结构电性连接的作用表面来说)外露出该半导体封装件,可供散热片(Heat Sink或Heat Spreader)与该非作用表面粘接,以由该散热片将芯片工作时产生的热量直接逸散至外界,从而能提高散热效果。该芯片的厚度略小于硬质框架时,该低模数缓冲材料则能覆盖住该芯片的非作用表面,以提供该芯片较佳的保护效果。When the thickness of the chip is the same as that of the hard frame, the non-active surface (InactiveSurface, relative to the active surface of the chip and the build-up structure) of the chip is exposed to the semiconductor package, which can be used for heat sink (Heat Sink) Or Heat Spreader) is bonded to the non-active surface, so that the heat generated by the chip can be directly dissipated to the outside by the heat sink, thereby improving the heat dissipation effect. When the thickness of the chip is slightly smaller than that of the hard frame, the low-modulus buffer material can cover the non-active surface of the chip to provide a better protection effect for the chip.
该增层结构如上述第6,271,469及6,498,387号美国专利所揭示,是由至少一个介电层,多个形成于该介电层上、并与芯片的作用表面上的焊垫电性连接的导线,以及涂覆于该介电层与导线上且形成有供导电组件与导线电性连接的开孔的阻焊剂层构成。The build-up structure, as disclosed in the aforementioned U.S. Patent Nos. 6,271,469 and 6,498,387, consists of at least one dielectric layer, a plurality of wires formed on the dielectric layer and electrically connected to pads on the active surface of the chip, And a solder resist layer coated on the dielectric layer and the wire and forming an opening for electrically connecting the conductive component and the wire.
本发明同时提供一种具有增层结构的晶圆级半导体封装件的制法,其包括下列步骤:准备具有多个呈阵列方式排列的贯穿孔的硬质框架并放置在承载用的卡具中;将至少一个芯片经由对应的贯穿孔而置放在该承载用的卡具上,且该芯片周侧与硬质框架间保持有预设的间隙;在该间隙内填充低模数缓冲材料,使该芯片与硬质框架被该低模数缓冲材料隔开;烘烤该缓冲材后,将该承载用的卡具与硬质基板分离;形成与该芯片电性连接的增层结构;在该增层结构中植设多个与该增层结构电性连接的导电组件,以供该芯片借由该导电组件与外界装置电性连接;以及进行切单程序(Singulation)以形成多个具有增层结构的晶圆级半导体封装件。The present invention also provides a method for manufacturing a wafer-level semiconductor package with a build-up structure, which includes the following steps: preparing a rigid frame with a plurality of through holes arranged in an array and placing it in a jig for carrying ; placing at least one chip on the jig for carrying through the corresponding through hole, and maintaining a preset gap between the peripheral side of the chip and the rigid frame; filling the gap with a low-modulus buffer material, The chip and the hard frame are separated by the low-modulus buffer material; after the buffer material is baked, the jig for carrying is separated from the hard substrate; a build-up structure electrically connected to the chip is formed; A plurality of conductive components electrically connected to the build-up structure are implanted in the build-up structure for the chip to be electrically connected to external devices through the conductive components; Wafer-level semiconductor package with build-up structure.
本发明提供的另一制法包括以下步骤:将由多个成阵列方式排列的具有贯穿孔的硬质框架所构成的模块板置入承载用卡具的收纳槽内,且令该承载用卡具上所粘接的多个芯片分别收纳于对应的该硬质框架的贯穿孔中,并在该芯片与对应的硬质框架间形成预设的间隙;将低模数缓冲材料填充在该间隙中,使该芯片与硬质框架被该低模数缓冲材料分隔开;将该收纳有芯片的模块板与承载用卡具分离;形成增层结构在该模块板及芯片上,并使该芯片与增层结构电性连接,且令多个导电组件电性连接至该增层结构;以及进行切单作业以形成该具有增层结构的晶圆级半导体封装件。Another manufacturing method provided by the present invention includes the following steps: placing a module board composed of a plurality of rigid frames with through holes arranged in an array into the receiving groove of the carrying fixture, and making the carrying fixture The plurality of chips bonded on the board are respectively accommodated in the corresponding through holes of the hard frame, and a preset gap is formed between the chip and the corresponding hard frame; the low modulus buffer material is filled in the gap , the chip and the hard frame are separated by the low-modulus buffer material; the module board containing the chip is separated from the jig for carrying; a layer-up structure is formed on the module board and the chip, and the chip is electrically connecting with the build-up structure, and electrically connecting a plurality of conductive components to the build-up structure; and performing singulation operation to form the wafer-level semiconductor package with the build-up structure.
此外,须知本发明中的「硬质框架」定义为以现有的化工材料制成的框架,在高温下或温度循环(Temperature Cycle)中不会产生翘曲变形的现象;低模数缓冲材料则定义为具有热弹性效果(Thermoelastic)、且热膨胀系数低的材料。In addition, it should be noted that the "hard frame" in the present invention is defined as a frame made of existing chemical materials, which will not warp or deform at high temperatures or in temperature cycles; low-modulus cushioning materials It is defined as a material with thermoelastic effect (Thermoelastic) and low thermal expansion coefficient.
综上所述,本发明的晶圆级半导体封装件及其制法,能够提供无翘曲、无碎裂与无脱层问题以及能提高可靠度的具有增层结构的封装件,能有效生产出薄化的产品以满足需求,无须使用注胶模具而能降低封装成本,同时具有不易吸湿且能提高产品可靠度的特点。In summary, the wafer-level semiconductor package and its manufacturing method of the present invention can provide a package with a build-up structure that has no warping, no cracking, and no delamination problems and can improve reliability, and can effectively produce Thinned products are produced to meet the demand, and the cost of packaging can be reduced without the use of injection molds. At the same time, it is not easy to absorb moisture and can improve product reliability.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明实施例1的晶圆级半导体封装件的剖视图;1 is a cross-sectional view of a wafer-level semiconductor package according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;
图2A至图2G是图1所示的晶圆级半导体封装件的制法的步骤流程示意图;2A to 2G are schematic flow charts of the steps of the manufacturing method of the wafer-level semiconductor package shown in FIG. 1;
图3A至图3D是图1所示的晶圆级半导体封装件在形成增层结构前的步骤的另一实施形态的流程示意图;3A to 3D are schematic flowcharts of another embodiment of the steps of the wafer-level semiconductor package shown in FIG. 1 before forming a build-up structure;
图4是本发明实施例3的晶圆级半导体封装件的剖视图;4 is a cross-sectional view of a wafer-level semiconductor package according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention;
图5是本发明实施例4的晶圆级半导体封装件的剖视图;5 is a cross-sectional view of a wafer-level semiconductor package according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention;
图6是本发明的晶圆级半导体封装件所使用的硬质框架的另一实施形态的正视图;6 is a front view of another embodiment of the rigid frame used in the wafer-level semiconductor package of the present invention;
图7是美国第6,271,469号专利的剖视图;以及Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of U.S. Patent No. 6,271,469; and
图8是美国第6,498,387号专利的剖视图。Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view of US Patent No. 6,498,387.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
实施例1Example 1
以下配合附图详细说明本发明的具有增层结构的晶圆级半导体封装件及其制法。The wafer-level semiconductor package with a build-up structure and its manufacturing method of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
如图1所示,本发明的具有增层结构的晶圆级半导体封装件1主要由具有贯穿孔100的硬质框架10、容置于该硬质框架10的贯穿孔100中的芯片11、填充在该硬质框架10及芯片11间的低模数缓冲材料12、形成于该硬质框架10及芯片11上的增层结构13以及植接于该增层结构13上的多个焊球(即上述的导电组件)14构成。As shown in FIG. 1 , the wafer-level semiconductor package 1 with a build-up structure of the present invention is mainly composed of a
该硬质框架10由玻璃材料、金属材料(如铜金属等)、热固性材料(如聚酰亚胺树脂(Polyimide Resin)、BT树脂(Bismaleimide Triazine Resin)、及FR-4等材料制成,该硬质框架10由于在高温环境或制程中的温度循环下不会产生翘曲变形,所以用它作为晶圆级半导体封装件1的主体(Primary Structured body),封装完成的晶圆级半导体封装件就无翘曲问题,且其硬质特性不会发生如第6,271,469号美国专利所述的胶体在容置芯片凹槽的角端易产生裂损(Crack)的问题。该硬质框架10的贯穿孔100贯穿该硬质框架10的第一表面101及相对的第二表面102,且应该形成于该硬质框架10的中央部位。The
该芯片11则具有形成有电子组件(Electronic Components)及电子电路(Electronic Circuits)的作用表面110以及相对于该作用表面110的非作用表面111,该芯片11收纳于硬质框架10的贯穿孔100中时,使其作用表面110与硬质框架10的第一表面101共平面,使其非作用表面111与硬质框架10的第二表面102共平面,也就是,此时芯片11与硬质框架10具有相同的厚度;同时,该芯片11置于该硬质框架10的贯穿孔100中时,该芯片11与硬质框架10相隔有一间隙,使两者不致接触。此外该芯片11的作用表面110上还形成有多个焊垫112。The
该低模数缓冲材料12是低模数的如聚酰亚胺树脂、硅胶、环氧树脂等材质,在填充于该芯片11与硬质框架10间的间隙后,其具有弹性的特点,能成为芯片11与硬质框架10间的缓冲介质,以在制程的温度循环中,因硬质框架10与芯片11间热膨胀系数上的差异所产生的硬质框架10对芯片11产生的热应力,能被该低模数缓冲材料12有效释放,使芯片11无碎裂及脱层的问题,所以能提高本发明的晶圆级半导体封装件1制成品的优良率与可靠度。The low-
该增层结构13主要是由敷设于该芯片11以及硬质框架10上的介电层130、多条形成于该介电层130上并与芯片11上的焊垫112电性连接的导线131以及用于覆盖该介电层130与导线131的阻焊剂层132构成。由于该增层结构13及其形成方式为现有技术,故在此不再赘述。同时,该增层结构13根据需要能在该介电层130及导线131上再形成至少一个介电层与多条导线(图未标)。The build-up structure 13 is mainly composed of a dielectric layer 130 laid on the
图2A至图2G是上述晶圆级半导体封装件1制法的步骤示意图。FIG. 2A to FIG. 2G are schematic diagrams of the steps of the manufacturing method of the above-mentioned wafer-level semiconductor package 1 .
参照图2A,本发明实施例1的晶圆级半导体封装件制法的第一步骤是准备由玻璃材料制成的模块板10′,其包括有多个中央具有矩形贯穿孔100的硬质框架10(以虚线隔开),且每一硬质框架10具有第一表面101及相对的第二表面102。Referring to FIG. 2A, the first step of the wafer-level semiconductor package manufacturing method according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention is to prepare a module board 10' made of glass material, which includes a plurality of rigid frames with a rectangular through
参照图2B,将该模块板10′置放至承载用的卡具16的收纳槽160中,该承载用的卡具16开设有通连至其收纳槽160的通孔161,每一该通孔161的开设位置是在对应模块板10′的贯穿孔100的中央。Referring to Fig. 2B, the module board 10' is placed into the receiving groove 160 of the carrying fixture 16, and the carrying fixture 16 is provided with a through hole 161 connected to the receiving groove 160, each of which The opening position of the hole 161 is at the center of the through
参照图2C,在每一贯穿孔100中放置一芯片11,芯片11的置放方式是令芯片11的作用表面110朝下面对卡具16的通孔161,其非作用表面111则朝上外露于大气中。同时,该芯片11的厚度设为与该模块板10′的厚度相同,所以芯片11置入贯穿孔100中而承载于该模块板10′上时,该非作用表面111乃与各硬质框架10的第二表面102共平面。此外,该贯穿孔100的截面积大于该芯片11的面积,因而,芯片11置入贯穿孔100时,该芯片11的周侧与贯穿孔100的孔壁间不会接触,而是形成有预设的间隙S。再有,芯片11经由贯穿孔100而承载于卡具16的预定位置上后,随即将通孔161内的空气排出而令各该芯片11真空吸附在该承载用卡具16上。Referring to FIG. 2C, a
参照图2D,由于该模块板10′具有作为网板印刷(Screen Printing)用的网板的功能,故在无须另行使用网板的情况下,用网板印刷方式的刮刀15将如硅胶、环氧树脂或聚酰亚胺等的低模数缓冲材料12,填充入各芯片11与硬质框架10间的间隙S,也就是,该芯片11即被低模数缓冲材料12与硬质框架10分隔开。Referring to Fig. 2D, since the module board 10' has the function of a screen printing screen, the
参照图2E,在适当烘烤该低模数缓冲材料12(图未标)后,即将该收纳有芯片11的模块板10′与卡具16分离。Referring to FIG. 2E , after properly baking the low-modulus buffer material 12 (not shown), the
参照图2F,在各该硬质框架10的第一表面101及芯片11的作用表面110上涂布介电层130,再以现有方式,包括但不限于如光微影技术(Photolithographic Technique)及激光钻孔(Laser Drilling)等,在对应于芯片11的作用表面110上的焊垫112位置开设穿孔(图未标);然后,以任何现有方式,包括但不限于如光微影技术,在该介电层130上形成多条图案化(Patterned)导线131,使各该导线131的一端经由介电层130的穿孔与芯片11上的焊垫112电性连接,以从该焊垫112朝外延伸出该芯片11的周侧,且令各该导线131的另一端形成连接端(ContactTerminal)(图未标);接着,在该导线131与介电层130上敷设阻焊剂层132,再以任何现有方式开设多个开孔(图未标)以外露出各该导线131的连接端,供多个焊球14分别植接至该导线131的连接端上,使各该焊球14与由该介电层130、导线131及阻焊剂层132构成的增层结构13形成电性连接关系。该焊球14本身的材质及植接至增层结构13上的方式都是现有技术,故不再叙述。Referring to FIG. 2F, a dielectric layer 130 is coated on each of the first surface 101 of the rigid frame 10 and the active surface 110 of the chip 11, and then in a conventional manner, including but not limited to photolithographic techniques (Photolithographic Technique) And laser drilling (Laser Drilling), etc., open a perforation (not marked) at the position corresponding to the welding pad 112 on the active surface 110 of the chip 11; then, in any existing way, including but not limited to photolithography , forming a plurality of patterned (Patterned) wires 131 on the dielectric layer 130, so that one end of each of the wires 131 is electrically connected to the pad 112 on the chip 11 through the through hole of the dielectric layer 130, so as to connect the wire 131 from the pad 112 extends outward from the peripheral side of the chip 11, and makes the other end of each of the wires 131 form a connection terminal (ContactTerminal) (not shown); then, lay a solder resist layer 132 on the wires 131 and the dielectric layer 130 , and then open a plurality of openings (not marked) in any existing way to expose the connection ends of the wires 131, so that a plurality of solder balls 14 can be planted on the connection ends of the wires 131 respectively, so that each solder ball 14 forms an electrical connection with the build-up structure 13 composed of the dielectric layer 130 , the wire 131 and the solder resist layer 132 . The material of the
最后,如图2G所示,以任何现有的方式进行切单作业(Singulation),以形成如图1所示的晶圆级半导体封装件1。Finally, as shown in FIG. 2G , the singulation operation (Singulation) is performed in any existing manner to form the wafer-level semiconductor package 1 as shown in FIG. 1 .
由上述可知,本发明的晶圆级半导体封装件1的芯片11与硬质框架10间被低模数缓冲材料12分隔开,故该硬质框架10在制程的温度循环中所产生的热应力会被该低模数缓冲材料12有效释放。同时,以硬质框架10作为该晶圆级半导体封装件1的主结构组件,无须如现有技术以封装化合物(Molding Compound)包覆芯片,能简化封装制程,避免现有的由封装化合物形成的胶体(Encapsulant)易产生翘曲并导致芯片碎裂及脱层的问题;该硬质框架10还能作为以网版印刷方式在芯片11与硬质框架10间的间隙S填充低模数缓冲材料12时所须的网板,使本发明的制法能省掉网板的使用,故能节省网板的制作成本及资材管理成本,进而降低封装成本。As can be seen from the above, the
此外,本发明的晶圆级半导体封装件1的芯片11收纳于该硬质框架10内,所以该晶圆级半导体封装件1的高度是硬质框架10、增层结构13及焊球14的高度之和,显然比第6,498,387号美国专利所揭示的封装件的高度(其是玻璃载片、芯片、增层结构及焊球四者的高度和)小,使本发明的晶圆级半导体封装件1能符合薄化的需求。因而,若要进一步薄化本发明的晶圆级半导体封装件1,则能在如图2D所示的步骤完成后,对各该硬质框架10的第二表面102、芯片11的非作用表面111及低模数缓冲材料12外露的表面,以任何现有方式,包括但不限于如机械研磨的方式,进行研磨作业(Grinding),以将硬质框架10、芯片11及低模数缓冲材料12的厚度降低。由于研磨作业为现有技术,故在此不进行详细叙述。In addition, the
实施例2Example 2
本发明实施例2要揭示的制法与上述实施例1的制法大致相同,故仅将不同处配合附图进行说明。The manufacturing method to be disclosed in Embodiment 2 of the present invention is substantially the same as the manufacturing method in Embodiment 1 above, so only the differences will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
参照图3A,准备由多个成阵列方式排列的硬质框架20构成的模块板20′,各硬质框架20也具有矩形贯穿孔200、第一表面201及相对的第二表面202;同时,准备具有收纳槽260的承载用卡具26,在该收纳槽260的底面上粘贴胶片27,并在该胶片27上的预设位置粘置多个芯片21,且该胶片27的材质选用与承载用卡具26间的粘着力大于与芯片21及模块板20′间的粘着力的材料。Referring to FIG. 3A , prepare a module board 20' consisting of a plurality of
参照图3B,将该模块板20′置入该承载用卡具26的收纳槽260中,以使该模块板20′粘置在该胶片27上,同时,令胶片27上的芯片21分别对应并收纳于各硬质框架20的贯穿孔200,且令芯片21与硬质框架20间形成间隙S。Referring to Fig. 3B, put the module board 20' into the receiving
参照图3C,将该模块板20′作为网板,以网板印刷方式的刮刀15将低模数缓冲材料材22填充入芯片21与硬质框架20的间隙S中,以令该芯片21与硬质框架20被低模数缓冲材料22分隔开。同时,所使用的低模数缓冲材料22的材质与胶片27间的粘着力须小于承载用卡具26与胶片27间的粘着力。Referring to FIG. 3C, the module board 20' is used as a screen, and the low-
参照图3D,在该低模数缓冲材料22烘烤完成后,将该收纳有芯片21的模块板20′与该承载用卡具26分离,由于该承载用卡具26与胶片27间的粘着力,大于该模块板20′、芯片21及低模数缓冲材料22与胶片27间的粘着力,故模块板20′与承载用卡具26分离后,该胶片27仍会粘附在该承载用卡具26上,不会随模块板20′脱离。Referring to FIG. 3D , after the low-
其余形成增层结构、植球、切单等步骤与实施例1中所述的相同,且制成品也相同,故不另叙述。The rest of the steps of forming the build-up structure, ball planting, and singulation are the same as those described in Example 1, and the finished product is also the same, so no further description is given.
实施例3Example 3
图4是本发明实施例3的晶圆级半导体封装件的剖视图。该实施例3的晶圆级半导体封装件3的结构与上述实施例1大致相同,其不同处在于,其芯片31的厚度小于硬质框架30的厚度,所以在以网板印刷方式将低模数缓冲材料32填充入芯片31与硬质框架30的间隙时,该低模数缓冲材料32就会覆盖住芯片31的非作用表面311,使该芯片31除其作用表面310外都被该低模数缓冲材料32包覆。如此,会降低硬质框架30与芯片31在厚度一致上的精密度要求,故要令芯片31的厚度小于硬质框架30的厚度时,两者的差距应该在0.05至0.5mm,但以0.1mm较好。4 is a cross-sectional view of a wafer-level semiconductor package according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. The structure of the wafer-level semiconductor package 3 of this embodiment 3 is roughly the same as that of the above-mentioned embodiment 1, and the difference is that the thickness of the
实施例4Example 4
图5是本发明实施例4的晶圆级半导体封装件的剖视图。该实施例4的晶圆级半导体封装件4的结构与实施例1大致相同,其不同处在于,为增进散热效率,在该芯片41外露的非作用表面411及硬质框架40的第二表面402上涂布导热性粘胶48,然后将散热片49粘置在该导热性粘胶48上,供芯片41产生的热量通过该散热片49直接逸散至大气中。5 is a cross-sectional view of a wafer-level semiconductor package according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention. The structure of the wafer-level semiconductor package 4 of the fourth embodiment is substantially the same as that of the first embodiment, except that, in order to improve the heat dissipation efficiency, the exposed
实施例5Example 5
图6是本发明的晶圆级半导体封装件所使用的硬质框架的另一实施形态的正视图。该实施例5所揭示的硬质框架50与上述各实施例中大致相同,其不同处在于,为进一步避免应力集中而导致硬质框架50在贯穿孔500的角端500′发生碎裂,对该贯穿孔500的角端500′进行圆角化处理,以有效释放应力的集中效应,避免硬质框架50发生裂损(Crack)。6 is a front view of another embodiment of the rigid frame used in the wafer-level semiconductor package of the present invention. The rigid frame 50 disclosed in Embodiment 5 is substantially the same as that in the above-mentioned embodiments, the difference is that, in order to further avoid the cracking of the rigid frame 50 at the corner end 500' of the through hole 500 due to stress concentration, the The corner end 500 ′ of the through hole 500 is rounded to effectively release the concentration effect of stress and avoid cracking of the rigid frame 50 .
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CN101567322B (en) * | 2008-04-21 | 2010-11-17 | 南茂科技股份有限公司 | Chip packaging structure and packaging method thereof |
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US9373604B2 (en) * | 2014-08-20 | 2016-06-21 | Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company, Ltd. | Interconnect structures for wafer level package and methods of forming same |
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