CN119462435A - Guanidine nitrate formamide metal ion complex and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Guanidine nitrate formamide metal ion complex and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN119462435A CN119462435A CN202411518577.1A CN202411518577A CN119462435A CN 119462435 A CN119462435 A CN 119462435A CN 202411518577 A CN202411518577 A CN 202411518577A CN 119462435 A CN119462435 A CN 119462435A
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- ion complex
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- formamide
- guanidinium nitrate
- nitrate
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- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- -1 Guanidine nitrate formamide Chemical compound 0.000 title claims description 37
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 18
- 238000010668 complexation reaction Methods 0.000 title description 3
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- QGBSISYHAICWAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N dicyandiamide Chemical compound NC(N)=NC#N QGBSISYHAICWAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- OPBJDBBNXOJDAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N formamide guanidine Chemical compound NC=O.NC(N)=N OPBJDBBNXOJDAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- MJFQUUWPZOGYQT-UHFFFAOYSA-O diaminomethylideneazanium;nitrate Chemical compound NC(N)=[NH2+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O MJFQUUWPZOGYQT-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 abstract 7
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- ZHNUHDYFZUAESO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formamide Chemical compound NC=O ZHNUHDYFZUAESO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- RNCVELNZDQZTPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N formamide;nitric acid Chemical compound NC=O.O[N+]([O-])=O RNCVELNZDQZTPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910001448 ferrous ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 5
- NDEMNVPZDAFUKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N guanidine;nitric acid Chemical compound NC(N)=N.O[N+]([O-])=O.O[N+]([O-])=O NDEMNVPZDAFUKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cu2+ Chemical compound [Cu+2] JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZRALSGWEFCBTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Guanidine Chemical compound NC(N)=N ZRALSGWEFCBTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001431 copper ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L hydroxy(oxo)manganese;manganese Chemical compound [Mn].O[Mn]=O.O[Mn]=O AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BCHZICNRHXRCHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2h-oxazine Chemical compound N1OC=CC=C1 BCHZICNRHXRCHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004277 Ferrous carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- CHJJGSNFBQVOTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methyl-guanidine Natural products CNC(N)=N CHJJGSNFBQVOTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FMRLDPWIRHBCCC-UHFFFAOYSA-L Zinc carbonate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]C([O-])=O FMRLDPWIRHBCCC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc dication Chemical compound [Zn+2] PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003851 azoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000005323 carbonate salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021446 cobalt carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UFMZWBIQTDUYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt dinitrate Chemical compound [Co+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O UFMZWBIQTDUYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001429 cobalt ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001981 cobalt nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XLJKHNWPARRRJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(2+) Chemical compound [Co+2] XLJKHNWPARRRJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOTKGJBKKKVBJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt(2+);carbonate Chemical compound [Co+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZOTKGJBKKKVBJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- KXQZVEBGRVKTOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt;formamide Chemical compound [Co].NC=O KXQZVEBGRVKTOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940116318 copper carbonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- GEZOTWYUIKXWOA-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper;carbonate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-]C([O-])=O GEZOTWYUIKXWOA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- IZZMCZQTOXJJLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N diaminomethylideneurea;nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O.NC(N)=NC(N)=O IZZMCZQTOXJJLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SWSQBOPZIKWTGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylaminoamidine Natural products CN(C)C(N)=N SWSQBOPZIKWTGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- RAQDACVRFCEPDA-UHFFFAOYSA-L ferrous carbonate Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]C([O-])=O RAQDACVRFCEPDA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000019268 ferrous carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960004652 ferrous carbonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000015 iron(II) carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000006748 manganese carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011656 manganese carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940093474 manganese carbonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910000016 manganese(II) carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XMWCXZJXESXBBY-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(ii) carbonate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-]C([O-])=O XMWCXZJXESXBBY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoferriooxy)iron hydrate Chemical compound O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000004416 zinc carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011667 zinc carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000010 zinc carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及含能材料技术领域，公开了一种硝酸胍基甲酰胺金属离子配合物及其制备方法，所述硝酸胍基甲酰胺金属离子配合物的制备方法，包括以下步骤：将二氰二胺和水混合，加热后，滴加硝酸，滴加完后继续搅拌，温度降至室温得硝酸胍基甲酰胺溶液；将R的碳酸盐，投入酸胍基甲酰胺溶液中，加热后，继续反应；反应结束后，趁热过滤；过滤后的产物进行真空干燥，得到硝酸胍基甲酰胺金属离子配合物，本发明所述的硝酸胍基甲酰胺金属离子配合物具有更高的燃速和产气效率，具备感度低、稳定性好的优点；本发明所述的硝酸胍基甲酰胺金属离子配合物的制备方法，工艺简单，条件温和易于制备，原料安全稳定危险性小、设备要求低。The invention relates to the technical field of energetic materials, and discloses a guanidinium nitrate metal ion complex and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method of the guanidinium nitrate metal ion complex comprises the following steps: mixing dicyandiamide and water, heating, dripping nitric acid, continuing to stir after the dripping, and cooling the temperature to room temperature to obtain a guanidinium nitrate solution; adding a carbonate of R into the acid guanidinium nitrate solution, heating, and continuing to react; filtering while hot after the reaction is completed; and vacuum drying the filtered product to obtain the guanidinium nitrate metal ion complex. The guanidinium nitrate metal ion complex of the invention has higher combustion rate and gas production efficiency, and has the advantages of low sensitivity and good stability. The preparation method of the guanidinium nitrate metal ion complex of the invention has simple process, mild conditions, easy preparation, safe and stable raw materials, low risk, and low equipment requirements.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of energetic materials, in particular to a guanidine nitrate formamide metal ion complex and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Guanidine Nitrate (GN) is an energetic material, the appearance of which is mostly white crystal powder or particles, and is an important constituent substance of explosives and rocket propellants. The guanidine nitrate is synthesized by taking dicyandiamide and ammonium nitrate as raw materials, synthesizing the materials at 180-205 ℃, crystallizing and slicing the materials to obtain the guanidine nitrate, wherein the reaction temperature is high, the danger of the raw materials is high, researches on Ivan V, mendenhall (US, 20050098246) and the like find that excessive metal oxides such as manganese oxide and ferric oxide can improve the performance of energetic materials, and Han Zhiyue (weapon equipment engineering journal, 2018,39 (5): 172-178.) finds that the introduction of oxygen atoms into the molecules of azoles, guanidine and oxazine can improve the performance, but the problem of poor stability still exists.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art, and provides a guanidine nitrate formamide metal ion complex and a preparation method thereof.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A guanidine nitrate formamide metal ion complex, the guanidine nitrate formamide metal ion complex has the following structure:
in the structure, R is a transition metal 2-valent cation.
Preferably, the R includes one of Mn 2+、Fe2+、Co2+、Cu2+、Zn2+.
The preparation method of the guanidyl formamide nitrate metal ion complex comprises the following steps:
Step1, mixing dicyandiamide and water (35% -45%) in a proportion of (65% -55%), heating, dropwise adding nitric acid, continuously stirring for 1-1.5 h after dropwise adding, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a guanidyl formamide nitrate solution;
Step 2, adding carbonate of R into guanidyl formamide acid solution at 30-40 ℃ for 1-3 hours, heating to 50-100 ℃ and continuing to react for 2-12 hours;
Step 3, filtering while the reaction is hot after the reaction is finished;
And 4, carrying out vacuum drying on the filtered product to obtain the guanidine nitrate formamide metal ion complex.
Preferably, the carbonate salt of R in step 2 is technical grade, with a purity of 99%.
Preferably, the nitric acid in the step 1 is fuming nitric acid, and the adding amount of fuming nitric acid is 2.05-2.2 of the molar mass of the carbonate of R.
Preferably, the heating temperature in step 1 is 50 ℃ to 100 ℃.
Preferably, the molar ratio of guanidino carboxamide nitrate to R carbonate in step 2 is 2 (1-1.3).
Preferably, in step 3, the filtration temperature is 50 ℃ to 70 ℃.
Preferably, in step 4, the drying temperature is 50 ℃ to 70 ℃.
Preferably, in the preparation method of the guanidine nitrate formamide metal ion complex, the chemical reaction formula is as follows:
。
Preferably, the preparation method of the guanidine nitrate formamide metal ion complex of the invention limits the adding amount of fuming nitric acid to 2.0-2.2 of the molar mass of the carbonate of R, and ensures that dicyandiamide can be hydrolyzed to generate guanidine nitrate formamide as much as possible under an acidic environment, and simultaneously ensures that the carbonate of R can be completely reacted as much as possible, thereby ensuring that more metal cations carry out complexation reaction.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. the guanidine nitrate formamide metal ion complex has higher burning rate and gas production efficiency.
2. The guanidine nitrate formamide metal ion complex has low sensitivity and good stability.
3. The preparation method of the guanidine nitrate formamide metal ion complex has the advantages of simple process, mild condition, easy preparation, low safety and stability risk of raw materials and low equipment requirement.
Detailed Description
The following description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clear and complete, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments.
Example 1:
The guanidine nitrate formamide ferrous ion complex has the following structure:
the preparation method of the guanidyl formamide ferrous nitrate ion complex comprises the following steps:
0.5kg of dicyandiamide and 4.5kg of water are heated to 70 ℃, 0.43kg of fuming nitric acid is added dropwise after complete dissolution, and stirring is continued for 1h after the dropwise addition. When the temperature was lowered to 30 ℃, 0.38kg of ferrous carbonate was added, and the addition was completed within 1 hour. Raising the temperature of the system to 85 ℃, reacting for 5 hours, stopping heating, cooling the system to 50 ℃, filtering while the system is hot, and vacuum drying at 60 ℃ to obtain 1.04kg of guanidyl formamide ferrous ion complex nitrate, wherein the yield (calculated by guanidyl formamide nitrate) is 91.0%.
Example 2:
The guanidine nitrate formamide ferrous ion complex has the following structure:
The preparation method of the guanidyl formamide manganese nitrate ion complex comprises the following steps:
0.8 kg dicyandiamide and 7.2kg water are heated to 60 ℃, 0.67kg fuming nitric acid is added dropwise after complete dissolution, and stirring is continued for 1.2h after the dropwise addition. When the temperature was reduced to 35 ℃, 0.59kg of manganese carbonate was added, and the addition was completed within 1.5 hours. Raising the temperature of the system to 75 ℃, reacting for 3.5 hours, stopping heating, cooling the system to 50 ℃, filtering while the system is hot, and drying in vacuum at 55 ℃ to obtain 1.69kg of guanidyl formamide manganese nitrate ion complex, wherein the yield (calculated by guanidyl formamide nitrate) is 92.7%.
Example 3:
The guanidine nitrate formamide ferrous ion complex has the following structure:
the preparation method of the guanidyl formamide cobalt ion complex comprises the following steps:
0.4kg of dicyandiamide and 2.1kg of water are heated to 65 ℃, 0.35kg of fuming nitric acid is added dropwise after complete dissolution, and stirring is continued for 1.2h after the dropwise addition. When the temperature was lowered to 32 ℃, 0.32kg of cobalt carbonate was added, and the addition was completed within 1.5 hours. Raising the temperature of the system to 85 ℃, reacting for 6 hours, stopping heating, cooling the system to 60 ℃, filtering while the system is hot, and vacuum drying at 65 ℃ to obtain 0.83kg of guanidyl formamide ferrous cobalt nitrate complex, wherein the yield (calculated by guanidyl formamide nitrate) is 90.5%.
Example 4:
The guanidine nitrate formamide ferrous ion complex has the following structure:
The preparation method of the copper ion complex of guanidine nitrate formamide comprises the following steps:
1kg of dicyandiamide and 4kg of water are heated to 80 ℃, 0.94kg of fuming nitric acid is added dropwise after complete dissolution, and stirring is continued for 1.5h after the dropwise addition. When the temperature was reduced to 40 ℃, 0.88kg of copper carbonate was added, and the addition was completed within 2 hours. Raising the temperature of the system to 95 ℃, reacting for 7h, stopping heating, cooling the system to 65 ℃, filtering while the system is hot, and vacuum drying at 70 ℃ to obtain 2.09kg of copper ion complex of guanidyl formamide nitrate, wherein the yield (calculated by guanidyl formamide nitrate) is 89.6%.
Example 5:
The guanidine nitrate formamide ferrous ion complex has the following structure:
the preparation method of the guanidine nitrate formamide zinc ion complex comprises the following steps:
1.2kg of dicyandiamide and 6.3kg of water are heated to 75 ℃, 1.28kg of fuming nitric acid is added dropwise after complete dissolution, and stirring is continued for 1h after the dropwise addition. When the temperature was reduced to 30 ℃, 1.16kg of zinc carbonate was added over 2 hours. Raising the temperature of the system to 98 ℃, reacting for 8 hours, stopping heating, cooling the system to 65 ℃, filtering while the system is hot, and drying in vacuum at 70 ℃ to obtain 2.43kg of guanidyl formamide zinc nitrate ion complex, wherein the yield (calculated by guanidyl formamide) is 86.6%.
The main infrared absorption peaks of the guanidine nitrate formamide metal ion complex are shown in table 1:
the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art, who is within the scope of the present invention, should make equivalent substitutions or modifications according to the technical scheme of the present invention and the inventive concept thereof, and should be covered by the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
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