CN118855410A - A downhole casing electric drilling device and drilling method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an underground casing electric punching device and a punching method thereof, which belong to the technical field of petroleum underground operation equipment, and comprise a mounting pipe and limiting equipment, wherein the limiting equipment is arranged at the end part of the mounting pipe, and further comprise: the drill bit is arranged on the mounting tube and is used for punching the casing; the main shaft is rotationally connected to the mounting tube and fixedly connected with the drill bit and is used for driving the drill bit to rotate; the pushing mechanism is arranged on the mounting tube and used for driving the main shaft to drive the drill bit to perform linear motion; the driving mechanism is arranged on the mounting tube and used for driving the main shaft to rotate; the pushing mechanism comprises a first servo motor, a first speed reducer, a trapezoidal screw rod, a bearing, a nut telescopic rod, a fish-eye bearing, a supporting frame, a triangular plate and a pushing cylinder which are all arranged in the installation tube; the invention can carry out high-efficiency non-explosive perforation on the petroleum underground casing pipe and is used for balancing the pressure between pipe columns.

Description

A downhole casing electric drilling device and drilling method thereof

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of petroleum downhole operation equipment, and in particular relates to a downhole casing electric punching device and a punching method thereof.

Background Art

At present, the prospect of electric drilling is bright. Compared with traditional drilling tools, electric drilling can achieve drilling and recovery of the puncher in one stroke, avoiding the cost and cumbersome procedures of gunpowder transportation approval, and is easy to operate. Its innovative design can quickly form a controllable diameter hole on the pipe string at the target depth to recover the pipe or remove the completion pipe without using explosives.

To this end, the present invention provides an electric drilling tool for downhole casing, which introduces a high-temperature DC brushless motor drive transmission mechanism in the oil well to transmit torque to the drill bit, and under the action of a stable and reliable feed mechanism, stable drilling operations can be achieved, thus solving the above-mentioned problems.

Summary of the invention

In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a downhole casing electric drilling device to solve the above problems.

To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: A downhole casing electric drilling device includes a mounting pipe and a limiting device, wherein the limiting device is installed at the end of the mounting pipe, and further includes:

A drill bit, mounted on the mounting tube, for drilling holes in the casing;

A main shaft is rotatably connected to the mounting tube and fixedly connected to the drill bit, and is used to drive the drill bit to rotate;

The pushing mechanism is installed on the mounting tube and is used to drive the spindle to drive the drill bit to perform linear motion;

A driving mechanism, mounted on the mounting tube, for driving the main shaft to rotate;

Among them, the pushing mechanism includes a first servo motor, a first reducer, a trapezoidal screw, a bearing, a nut telescopic rod, a fisheye bearing, a support frame, a triangular plate and a push cylinder, all of which are installed in a mounting tube. The first reducer is installed on the first servo motor, and the end of the trapezoidal screw rotatably connected to the mounting tube through the bearing is fixedly connected to the output end of the first reducer. The nut telescopic rod is provided with a first limit slide groove that slidably cooperates with a limit slider fixedly installed on the mounting tube. The nut telescopic rod is threadedly connected to the trapezoidal screw. The fisheye bearing is fixedly connected to the free end of the nut telescopic rod. The support frame is detachably mounted on the mounting tube. The push cylinder is sleeved on the main shaft and rotatably connected to the main shaft. A connecting plate is rotatably connected to the fisheye bearing. The two corner ends of the triangular plate are respectively hinged to the support frame and the free end of the connecting plate, and the other corner end of the triangular plate slidably cooperates with the push cylinder.

On the basis of the above technical solution, the present invention also provides the following optional technical solution:

Further technical solution: The driving mechanism includes a first helical gear, a second helical gear, a first bevel gear, a second bevel gear, a rotating shaft, a second reducer and a second servo motor. The first helical gear is sleeved on the main shaft and slidably cooperates with the second limiting slide groove opened on the main shaft. The main shaft is rotatably connected to the mounting tube, the second helical gear is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft rotatably connected to the mounting tube, the first bevel gear is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft, the second bevel gear is meshed with the first helical gear, the second reducer and the second servo motor are both installed in the mounting tube and the second reducer is connected to the second servo motor, the second bevel gear is fixedly connected to the output end of the second reducer, and the second bevel gear is meshed with the first bevel gear.

A further technical solution also includes a detection component for detecting the rotation speed information of the drill bit, the displacement information of the drill bit and the pressure information of the drill bit pressing against the casing, including:

A pressure sensor is installed between the drill bit and the spindle to detect the pressure of the drill bit;

A rotation speed sensor is installed on the drill bit and is used to detect the rotation speed of the drill bit;

The displacement sensor is installed on the drill bit and is used to detect the displacement information of the drill bit.

A downhole casing drilling method, using the downhole casing electric drilling device to perform drilling, comprises the following steps:

S1. The relevant technician lowers the installation pipe to the side of the casing to be drilled, so that the drill bit faces the drilling area of the casing. At this time, the limit device is turned on to make the installation pipe fit the side of the casing;

S2, the first servo motor drives the first reducer to drive the trapezoidal screw to rotate, the trapezoidal screw pushes the nut telescopic rod threadedly connected thereto to perform linear motion along the length direction of the mounting tube, the nut telescopic rod pushes the fisheye bearing to perform linear motion, the fisheye bearing pushes the triangular plate to swing through the connecting plate, the triangular plate pushes the main shaft to drive the drill bit to perform linear motion, at this time, the pressure sensor and the displacement sensor are used to perform corresponding real-time detection of the pressure of the drill bit against the casing and the displacement information of the drill bit, the first pressure information and the displacement information are obtained and transmitted to the external controller, and the obtained first pressure information and the displacement information are compared with the external controller, and the first pressure information and the displacement information are compared with the external controller, and the obtained ... The preset first pressure threshold and displacement threshold are compared accordingly. If any one of the first pressure information and the displacement information is not within the corresponding threshold, the drill bit is continued to be driven to perform linear motion. After the first pressure information and the displacement information are both within the corresponding threshold, the obtained first pressure information and the displacement information are imported into the drilling positioning model, and the drilling positioning condition coefficient is output. The obtained drilling positioning condition coefficient is compared with the preset positioning coefficient threshold. If the drilling positioning condition coefficient is not within the positioning coefficient threshold, the drill bit is continued to be pushed to move until the drilling positioning condition coefficient is within the positioning coefficient threshold.

S3, the second servo motor drives the second reducer to drive the second bevel gear to rotate, the second bevel gear drives the first bevel gear meshing therewith to rotate, the first bevel gear drives the rotating shaft to drive the second helical gear to rotate, the second helical gear drives the first helical gear meshing therewith to rotate, the first helical gear then drives the main shaft to drive the drill bit to rotate, the first servo motor drives the first reducer to drive the trapezoidal screw to rotate, the trapezoidal screw drives the nut telescopic rod threadedly connected thereto to perform linear motion along the length direction of the mounting tube, the nut telescopic rod drives the fisheye bearing to perform linear motion, the fisheye bearing drives the triangular plate to swing through the connecting plate, the triangular plate drives the main shaft to drive the drill bit to perform linear motion, and the casing is punched;

S4. During the drilling process in S3, the pressure sensor and the speed sensor are used to detect the pressure of the drill bit on the casing and the speed of the drill bit in real time, and the second pressure information and the speed information are obtained, and the second pressure information and the speed information are transmitted to the external sensor. The obtained second pressure information and the speed information are compared with the preset second pressure threshold and the speed threshold. If the second pressure information exceeds the second pressure threshold or the speed information is not within the speed information threshold, the external controller generates information to reduce the drill speed and the drill feed speed and executes the information;

S5. When the second pressure information and the rotation speed information are within the corresponding thresholds, the second pressure information and the rotation speed information are imported into the control model, the control condition coefficient is output, and the obtained control condition coefficient is compared with the coefficient threshold. If the control condition coefficient exceeds the coefficient threshold, the peripheral controller generates information to reduce the drill speed and the drill feed speed and executes it until the control condition coefficient is within the coefficient threshold.

Further technical solution: The specific steps of importing the obtained first contact pressure information and displacement information into the punching positioning model and outputting the punching positioning condition coefficient are as follows:

The first pressure information and displacement information obtained are dimensionless processed, and then introduced into the punching positioning model to output the punching positioning condition coefficient, wherein the punching positioning model is expressed as:

in, is the punching positioning condition coefficient, is the first pressure information, is the displacement information, is the influencing factor of the first pressure, is the influencing factor of displacement, , .

Further technical solution: The specific steps of obtaining the control condition coefficient are:

After the second pressure information and the rotation speed information are dimensionlessly processed, they are introduced into the control model and the control condition coefficients are output. The control model is expressed as:

in, is the control condition coefficient, is the second pressure information, is the speed information, is the influencing factor of casing material, is the influencing factor of the second pressure, is the influencing factor of the rotation speed, , , .

The present invention provides a downhole casing electric drilling device, which has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

1. The relevant technical personnel lower the installation tube to the side of the casing to be punched. At this time, the limit device is turned on to make the installation tube fit on the side of the casing. At this time, the second servo motor drives the second reducer to drive the second bevel gear to rotate, and the second bevel gear drives the first bevel gear meshing with it to rotate. The first bevel gear drives the rotating shaft to drive the second helical gear to rotate, and the second helical gear drives the first helical gear meshing with it to rotate. The first helical gear then drives the main shaft to drive the drill bit to rotate. The first servo motor drives the first reducer to drive the trapezoidal screw to rotate. The trapezoidal screw drives the nut telescopic rod threadedly connected to it to perform linear motion along the length direction of the installation tube. The nut telescopic rod drives the fisheye bearing to perform linear motion. The fisheye bearing drives the triangular plate to swing through the connecting plate. The triangular plate drives the main shaft to drive the drill bit to perform linear motion to punch the casing.

2. The present invention can position the drill bit before drilling through the displacement information of the drill bit and the first pressure information on the casing, evaluate the drilling quality through the second pressure information and the rotation speed information, and adjust the second pressure information and the rotation speed of the drill bit on the casing in real time.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged schematic diagram of the structure of section A in FIG. 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic diagram of the structure of portion B in FIG. 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the nut telescopic rod of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the installation of the main shaft and the push cylinder in the present invention.

Notes on the accompanying drawings: 1. Mounting tube; 2. Limit device; 3. First servo motor; 4. First reducer; 5. Trapezoidal screw; 6. Bearing; 7. Nut telescopic rod; 8. Fisheye bearing; 9. Support frame; 10. Triangle plate; 11. Spindle; 12. Drill bit; 13. First bevel gear; 14. Second bevel gear; 15. First bevel gear; 16. Second bevel gear; 17. Rotating shaft; 18. Second reducer; 19. Second servo motor; 20. First limit slide; 21. Limit slider; 22. Push cylinder; 23. Second limit slide.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

The specific implementation of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

Please refer to FIG. 1 to FIG. 5 , which are provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, and are a downhole casing electric drilling device, comprising a mounting pipe 1 and a limiting device 2, wherein the limiting device 2 is mounted at the end of the mounting pipe 1, and further comprising:

A drill bit 12, mounted on the mounting tube 1, for drilling holes in the casing;

A main shaft 11 is rotatably connected to the mounting tube 1 and fixedly connected to the drill bit 12, and is used to drive the drill bit 12 to rotate;

A driving mechanism, mounted on the mounting tube 1, is used to drive the spindle 11 to drive the drill bit 12 to perform linear motion;

A driving mechanism, mounted on the mounting tube 1, for driving the main shaft 11 to rotate;

The pushing mechanism includes a first servo motor 3, a first reducer 4, a trapezoidal screw 5, a bearing 6, a nut telescopic rod 7, a fisheye bearing 8, a support frame 9, a triangular plate 10 and a push tube 22 (not shown in the figure), all of which are installed in the mounting tube 1. The first reducer 4 is installed on the first servo motor 3, and the end of the trapezoidal screw 5 rotatably connected to the mounting tube 1 through the bearing 6 is fixedly connected to the output end of the first reducer 4. The nut telescopic rod 7 is provided with a first limiting slide groove 20 that is slidably matched with a limiting slider 21 fixedly installed on the mounting tube 1. The nut telescopic rod 7 is threadedly connected to the trapezoidal screw 5. The fisheye bearing 8 is fixedly connected to the free end of the nut telescopic rod 7. The support frame 9 is detachably installed on the mounting tube 1. The push tube 2 2 is set on the main shaft 11 and is rotatably connected with the main shaft 11. A connecting plate (not shown in the figure) is rotatably connected to the fisheye bearing 8. The two corner ends of the triangular plate 10 are respectively hinged with the support frame 9 and the free end of the connecting plate. The other corner end of the triangular plate 10 is slidably matched with the push cylinder 22. The first servo motor 3 drives the first reducer 4 to drive the trapezoidal screw 5 to rotate. The trapezoidal screw 5 pushes the nut telescopic rod 7 threadedly connected thereto to perform linear motion along the length direction of the mounting tube 1. The nut telescopic rod 7 pushes the fisheye bearing 8 to perform linear motion. The fisheye bearing 8 pushes the triangular plate 10 to swing through the connecting plate. The triangular plate 10 pushes the main shaft 11 to drive the drill bit 12 to perform linear motion, that is, the drill bit 12 is pushed to perform linear motion to press the casing.

The driving mechanism includes a first bevel gear 13, a second bevel gear 14, a first bevel gear 15, a second bevel gear 16, a rotating shaft 17, a second reducer 18 and a second servo motor 19. The first bevel gear 13 is sleeved on the main shaft 11 and slidably cooperates with a second limiting slide groove 23 provided on the main shaft 11. The main shaft 11 is rotatably connected to the mounting tube 1. The second bevel gear 14 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 17 rotatably connected to the mounting tube 1. The first bevel gear 15 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 17. The second bevel gear 14 meshes with the first bevel gear 13. The second reducer 18 and the second servo motor 19 are The motors 19 are all installed in the mounting tube 1 and the second reducer 18 is connected to the second servo motor 19, the second bevel gear 16 is fixedly connected to the output end of the second reducer 18, the second bevel gear 16 is meshed with the first bevel gear 15, the second servo motor 19 drives the second reducer 18 to drive the second bevel gear 16 to rotate, the second bevel gear 16 pushes the first bevel gear 15 meshed therewith to rotate, the first bevel gear 15 pushes the rotating shaft 17 to drive the second bevel gear 14 to rotate, the second bevel gear 14 pushes the first bevel gear 13 meshed therewith to rotate, and the first bevel gear 13 then drives the drill bit 12 to rotate.

Preferably, a detection component is also included, which is used to detect the rotation speed information of the drill bit 12, the displacement information of the drill bit 12 and the pressure information of the drill bit 12 pressing against the casing, including:

A pressure sensor is installed between the drill bit 12 and the spindle 11 to detect the pressure of the drill bit 12;

A rotation speed sensor is mounted on the drill bit 12 and is used to detect the rotation speed of the drill bit 12;

A displacement sensor, mounted on the drill bit 12, for detecting displacement information of the drill bit;

The pressure sensor and the rotation speed sensor are used to monitor the pressure and rotation speed of the drill bit 12 accordingly, so as to achieve real-time adjustment of the rotation speed of the drill bit 12 and the pressure of the drill bit 12 on the casing.

In an embodiment of the present invention, relevant technical personnel lower the mounting tube 1 to the side of the casing to be punched, and at this time, the limiting device 2 is turned on to cause the mounting tube 1 to fit against the side of the casing. At this time, the second servo motor 19 drives the second reducer 18 to drive the second bevel gear 16 to rotate, and the second bevel gear 16 drives the first bevel gear 15 meshing therewith to rotate, and the first bevel gear 15 drives the rotating shaft 17 to drive the second bevel gear 14 to rotate, and the second bevel gear 14 drives the first bevel gear 13 meshing therewith to rotate, and the first bevel gear 13 then drives the main shaft 11 to drive the drill bit 12 to rotate, and the first servo motor 3 drives the first reducer 4 to drive the trapezoidal screw 5 to rotate, and the trapezoidal screw 5 pushes the nut telescopic rod 7 threadedly connected thereto to perform linear motion along the length direction of the mounting tube 1, and the nut telescopic rod 7 pushes the fisheye bearing 8 to perform linear motion, and the fisheye bearing 8 pushes the triangular plate 10 to swing through the connecting plate, and the triangular plate 10 pushes the main shaft 11 to drive the drill bit 12 to perform linear motion to punch the casing.

A downhole casing drilling method, using the downhole casing electric drilling device to perform drilling, comprises the following steps:

S1. The relevant technician lowers the installation tube 1 to the side of the casing to be drilled, so that the drill bit 12 faces the drilling area of the casing. At this time, the limiting device 2 is turned on to make the installation tube 1 fit the side of the casing;

S2, the first servo motor 3 drives the first reducer 4 to drive the trapezoidal screw 5 to rotate, the trapezoidal screw 5 pushes the nut telescopic rod 7 threadedly connected thereto to perform linear motion along the length direction of the mounting tube 1, the nut telescopic rod 7 pushes the fisheye bearing 8 to perform linear motion, the fisheye bearing 8 pushes the triangular plate 10 to swing through the connecting plate, the triangular plate 10 pushes the main shaft 11 to drive the drill bit 12 to perform linear motion, at this time, the pressure sensor and the displacement sensor are used to perform corresponding real-time detection of the pressure of the drill bit 12 against the casing and the displacement information of the drill bit 12, the first pressure information and the displacement information are obtained and transmitted to the external controller, and the obtained first pressure information and the displacement information are compared with the preset first pressure threshold and the displacement threshold. The values are compared accordingly. If any one of the first pressure information and the displacement information is not within the corresponding threshold, the drill bit 12 is continued to be driven to perform linear motion. After the first pressure information and the displacement information are both within the corresponding threshold, the obtained first pressure information and the displacement information are imported into the drilling positioning model, and the drilling positioning condition coefficient is output. The obtained drilling positioning condition coefficient is compared with the preset positioning coefficient threshold. If the drilling positioning condition coefficient is not within the positioning coefficient threshold, the drill bit 12 is continued to be pushed to move until the drilling positioning condition coefficient is within the positioning coefficient threshold. The specific steps of importing the obtained first pressure information and the displacement information into the drilling positioning model and outputting the drilling positioning condition coefficient are as follows:

The first pressure information and displacement information obtained are dimensionless processed, and then introduced into the punching positioning model to output the punching positioning condition coefficient, wherein the punching positioning model is expressed as:

in, is the punching positioning condition coefficient, is the first pressure information, is the displacement information, is the influencing factor of the first pressure, is the influencing factor of displacement, , ;

S3, the second servo motor 19 drives the second reducer 18 to drive the second bevel gear 16 to rotate, the second bevel gear 16 drives the first bevel gear 15 meshing therewith to rotate, the first bevel gear 15 drives the rotating shaft 17 to drive the second bevel gear 14 to rotate, the second bevel gear 14 drives the first bevel gear 13 meshing therewith to rotate, the first bevel gear 13 then drives the main shaft 11 to drive the drill bit 12 to rotate, the first servo motor 3 drives the first reducer 4 to drive the trapezoidal lead screw 5 to rotate, the trapezoidal lead screw 5 drives the nut telescopic rod 7 threadedly connected thereto to perform linear motion along the length direction of the mounting tube 1, the nut telescopic rod 7 drives the fisheye bearing 8 to perform linear motion, the fisheye bearing 8 drives the triangular plate 10 to swing through the connecting plate, the triangular plate 10 drives the main shaft 11 to drive the drill bit 12 to perform linear motion, and the casing is punched;

S4, in the process of drilling in S3, using the pressure sensor and the speed sensor to detect the pressure of the drill bit 12 on the casing and the speed of the drill bit 12 in real time, obtaining second pressure information and speed information, and transmitting them to the external sensor, and comparing the obtained second pressure information and speed information with the preset second pressure threshold and speed threshold. If the second pressure information exceeds the second pressure threshold or the speed information is not within the speed information threshold, the external controller generates information to reduce the speed of the drill bit 12 and reduce the feed speed of the drill bit 12 and executes it;

S5. When the second pressure information and the rotation speed information are within the corresponding thresholds, the second pressure information and the rotation speed information are imported into the control model, the control condition coefficient is output, and the obtained control condition coefficient is compared with the coefficient threshold. If the control condition coefficient exceeds the coefficient threshold, the peripheral controller generates information to reduce the rotation speed of the drill bit 12 and reduce the feed speed of the drill bit 12 and executes it until the control condition coefficient is within the coefficient threshold. The specific steps of obtaining the control condition coefficient are as follows:

After the second pressure information and the rotation speed information are dimensionlessly processed, they are introduced into the control model and the control condition coefficients are output. The control model is expressed as:

in, is the control condition coefficient, is the second pressure information, is the speed information, is the influencing factor of casing material, is the influencing factor of the second pressure, is the influencing factor of the rotation speed, , , .

It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as A and B are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (6)

1. A downhole casing electric drilling device, comprising a mounting pipe (1) and a position limiting device (2), wherein the position limiting device (2) is installed at the end of the mounting pipe (1), and is characterized in that it also comprises: A drill bit (12) is mounted on the mounting tube (1) and is used to perform a drilling process on the casing; A main shaft (11) is rotatably connected to the mounting tube (1) and fixedly connected to the drill bit (12), and is used to drive the drill bit (12) to rotate; A driving mechanism, mounted on the mounting tube (1), for driving the spindle (11) to drive the drill bit (12) to perform linear motion; A driving mechanism, mounted on the mounting tube (1), and used for driving the main shaft (11) to rotate; The pushing mechanism comprises a first servo motor (3), a first reducer (4), a trapezoidal lead screw (5), a bearing (6), a nut telescopic rod (7), a fisheye bearing (8), a support frame (9), a triangular plate (10) and a push tube (22), all of which are installed in a mounting tube (1); the first reducer (4) is installed on the first servo motor (3); the end of the trapezoidal lead screw (5) rotatably connected to the mounting tube (1) through the bearing (6) is fixedly connected to the output end of the first reducer (4); the nut telescopic rod (7) is provided with a limit slider (22) fixedly installed on the mounting tube (1) 1) a first limiting slide groove (20) for sliding fit, the nut telescopic rod (7) is threadedly connected to the trapezoidal screw (5), the fisheye bearing (8) is fixedly connected to the free end of the nut telescopic rod (7), the support frame (9) is detachably mounted on the mounting tube (1), the push cylinder (22) is sleeved on the main shaft (11) and is rotatably connected to the main shaft (11), a connecting plate is rotatably connected to the fisheye bearing (8), two corner ends of the triangular plate (10) are respectively hinged to the support frame (9) and the free end of the connecting plate, and the other corner end of the triangular plate (10) is slidably fitted with the push cylinder (22). 2. The downhole casing electric drilling device according to claim 1, characterized in that the driving mechanism comprises a first bevel gear (13), a second bevel gear (14), a first bevel gear (15), a second bevel gear (16), a rotating shaft (17), a second reducer (18) and a second servo motor (19), the first bevel gear (13) being sleeved on the main shaft (11) and slidably matched with a second limiting sliding groove (23) provided on the main shaft (11), the main shaft (11) being rotatably connected to the mounting tube (1), and the second bevel gear (14) The first bevel gear (15) is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft (17) rotatably connected to the mounting tube (1); the second bevel gear (14) is meshed with the first bevel gear (13); the second reducer (18) and the second servo motor (19) are both mounted in the mounting tube (1) and the second reducer (18) is connected to the second servo motor (19); the second bevel gear (16) is fixedly connected to an output end of the second reducer (18); and the second bevel gear (16) is meshed with the first bevel gear (15). 3. The downhole casing electric perforating device according to claim 2, characterized in that it also comprises a detection component for detecting the rotation speed information of the drill bit (12), the displacement information of the drill bit (12) and the pressure information of the drill bit (12) pressing against the casing, comprising: A pressure sensor is installed between the drill bit (12) and the spindle (11) and is used to detect the pressure of the drill bit (12); A rotation speed sensor, mounted on the drill bit (12) and used to detect the rotation speed of the drill bit (12); A displacement sensor is mounted on the drill bit (12) and is used to detect displacement information of the drill bit. 4. A method for drilling holes in a downhole casing, using the electric drilling device for downhole casing according to claim 3, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: S1. The relevant technician lowers the installation tube (1) to the side of the casing to be drilled, so that the drill bit (12) faces the drilling area of the casing. At this time, the limiting device (2) is turned on to make the installation tube (1) fit the side of the casing; S2, the first servo motor (3) drives the first reducer (4) to drive the trapezoidal lead screw (5) to rotate, the trapezoidal lead screw (5) drives the nut telescopic rod (7) threadedly connected thereto to perform linear motion along the length direction of the mounting tube (1), the nut telescopic rod (7) drives the fisheye bearing (8) to perform linear motion, the fisheye bearing (8) drives the triangular plate (10) to swing through the connecting plate, the triangular plate (10) drives the main shaft (11) to drive the drill bit (12) to perform linear motion, at this time, the pressure sensor and the displacement sensor are used to perform corresponding real-time detection of the pressing force of the drill bit (12) pressing against the casing and the displacement information of the drill bit (12), and the first pressing force information and the displacement information are obtained and transmitted to the external control A controller is provided to compare the acquired first abutment force information and displacement information with a preset first abutment force threshold and displacement threshold; if any one of the first abutment force information and displacement information is not within the corresponding threshold, the drill bit (12) is continuously driven to perform linear motion; after the first abutment force information and displacement information are both within the corresponding threshold, the acquired first abutment force information and displacement information are introduced into a drilling positioning model, a drilling positioning condition coefficient is output, the acquired drilling positioning condition coefficient is compared with a preset positioning coefficient threshold; if the drilling positioning condition coefficient is not within the positioning coefficient threshold, the drill bit (12) is continuously driven to perform displacement until the drilling positioning condition coefficient is within the positioning coefficient threshold; S3, the second servo motor (19) drives the second reducer (18) to drive the second bevel gear (16) to rotate, the second bevel gear (16) drives the first bevel gear (15) meshing therewith to rotate, the first bevel gear (15) drives the rotating shaft (17) to drive the second helical gear (14) to rotate, the second helical gear (14) drives the first helical gear (13) meshing therewith to rotate, the first helical gear (13) then drives the main shaft (11) to drive the drill bit (12) to rotate, the first servo motor (3) drives the first reducer (4) to drive the trapezoidal lead screw (5) to rotate, the trapezoidal lead screw (5) drives the nut telescopic rod (7) threadedly connected thereto to perform linear motion along the length direction of the mounting tube (1), the nut telescopic rod (7) drives the fisheye bearing (8) to perform linear motion, the fisheye bearing (8) drives the triangular plate (10) to swing through the connecting plate, the triangular plate (10) drives the main shaft (11) to drive the drill bit (12) to perform linear motion, and the casing is punched; S4, during the drilling process in S3, using a pressure sensor and a speed sensor to detect in real time the pressure of the drill bit (12) on the casing and the speed of the drill bit (12), obtaining second pressure information and speed information, transmitting the information to the external sensor, and comparing the obtained second pressure information and speed information with a preset second pressure threshold and speed threshold. If the second pressure information exceeds the second pressure threshold or the speed information is not within the speed information threshold, the external controller generates information to reduce the speed of the drill bit (12) and reduce the feed speed of the drill bit (12) and executes the information; S5. When the second pressure information and the rotation speed information are within the corresponding threshold values, the second pressure information and the rotation speed information are imported into the control model, the control condition coefficient is output, and the obtained control condition coefficient is compared with the coefficient threshold value. If the control condition coefficient exceeds the coefficient threshold value, the peripheral controller generates information to reduce the rotation speed of the drill bit (12) and reduce the feed speed of the drill bit (12) and executes it until the control condition coefficient is within the coefficient threshold value. 5. The downhole casing drilling method according to claim 4 is characterized in that the specific steps of importing the obtained first contact force information and displacement information into the drilling positioning model and outputting the drilling positioning condition coefficient are: The first pressure information and displacement information obtained are dimensionless processed, and then introduced into the punching positioning model to output the punching positioning condition coefficient, wherein the punching positioning model is expressed as: in, is the punching positioning condition coefficient, is the first pressure information, is the displacement information, is the influencing factor of the first pressure, is the influencing factor of displacement, , . 6. The downhole casing drilling method according to claim 4, characterized in that the specific steps of obtaining the control condition coefficient are: After the second pressure information and the rotation speed information are dimensionlessly processed, they are introduced into the control model and the control condition coefficients are output. The control model is expressed as: in, is the control condition coefficient, is the second pressure information, is the speed information, is the influencing factor of casing material, is the influencing factor of the second pressure, is the influencing factor of the rotation speed, , , .