CN118814300A - Preparation method of fully biodegradable elastic fiber - Google Patents
Preparation method of fully biodegradable elastic fiber Download PDFInfo
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- CN118814300A CN118814300A CN202411010089.XA CN202411010089A CN118814300A CN 118814300 A CN118814300 A CN 118814300A CN 202411010089 A CN202411010089 A CN 202411010089A CN 118814300 A CN118814300 A CN 118814300A
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- 210000004177 elastic tissue Anatomy 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 150000002596 lactones Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- JJTUDXZGHPGLLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactide Chemical compound CC1OC(=O)C(C)OC1=O JJTUDXZGHPGLLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000002074 melt spinning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- JJTUDXZGHPGLLC-IMJSIDKUSA-N 4511-42-6 Chemical compound C[C@@H]1OC(=O)[C@H](C)OC1=O JJTUDXZGHPGLLC-IMJSIDKUSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000009998 heat setting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000007151 ring opening polymerisation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- OZJPLYNZGCXSJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-valerolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCO1 OZJPLYNZGCXSJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000013110 organic ligand Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- PAPBSGBWRJIAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ε-Caprolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCCO1 PAPBSGBWRJIAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- RKDVKSZUMVYZHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-dioxane-2,5-dione Chemical compound O=C1COC(=O)CO1 RKDVKSZUMVYZHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- TXBCBTDQIULDIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[[3-hydroxy-2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propoxy]methyl]-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)COCC(CO)(CO)CO TXBCBTDQIULDIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- SPEHEHYVDRYEDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methyloxan-2-one Chemical compound CC1CCCOC1=O SPEHEHYVDRYEDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- NZZIMKJIVMHWJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibenzoylmethane Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)CC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 NZZIMKJIVMHWJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- GPLRAVKSCUXZTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diglycerol Chemical compound OCC(O)COCC(O)CO GPLRAVKSCUXZTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007142 ring opening reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 abstract description 8
- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000001624 hip Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
- D01F6/78—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from copolycondensation products
- D01F6/84—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from copolycondensation products from copolyesters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G63/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G63/02—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
- C08G63/06—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids
- C08G63/08—Lactones or lactides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G63/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G63/78—Preparation processes
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Biological Depolymerization Polymers (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及纤维的技术领域，尤其涉及一种全生物降解弹性纤维的制备方法。该制备方法包括：第一步、制备弹性纤维的原料，将多羟基引发剂、金属有机催化剂混合醇化，再加入到内酯、L‑交酯、含氯有机溶中混合进行开环聚合反应，得到内酯和交酯的嵌段共聚物；第二步、将内酯和交酯的嵌段共聚物进行纺丝，纺丝流程依次为熔融纺丝、侧吹风冷却、上油、卷绕、拉伸，最后热定型完成纺丝。纤维从分子结构看，是一种嵌段聚合物，由内酯均聚物长链构成软段，以交酯均聚物构成硬段，硬段和软段交替排列，形成重复结构单元，且分子内及分子间可形成氢键，软段和硬段可形成微相区并产生微观相分离，这些结构特点使得可生物降解共聚物具有不错的弹性。The present invention relates to the technical field of fiber, and more particularly to a method for preparing a fully biodegradable elastic fiber. The preparation method comprises: the first step, preparing the raw material of the elastic fiber, mixing and alcoholizing a polyhydroxy initiator and a metal organic catalyst, and then adding lactone, L-lactide, and a chlorine-containing organic solvent to mix and carry out a ring-opening polymerization reaction to obtain a block copolymer of lactone and lactide; the second step, spinning the block copolymer of lactone and lactide, the spinning process is melt spinning, side blowing cooling, oiling, winding, stretching, and finally heat setting to complete spinning. From the molecular structure, the fiber is a block polymer, which is composed of a long chain of lactone homopolymer to form a soft segment, and a lactide homopolymer to form a hard segment, and the hard segment and the soft segment are alternately arranged to form a repeating structural unit, and hydrogen bonds can be formed in the molecule and between the molecules, and the soft segment and the hard segment can form a microphase region and produce microscopic phase separation, and these structural characteristics make the biodegradable copolymer have good elasticity.
Description
技术领域Technical Field
本发明涉及一种弹性纤维，尤其涉及一种全生物降解弹性纤维的制备方法。The invention relates to an elastic fiber, in particular to a preparation method of a fully biodegradable elastic fiber.
背景技术Background Art
弹性纤维由于具有非凡的伸展与回复能力，且具有高弹性、低模量等特点，广泛应用于服装纺织行业。目前市面上的弹性纤维主要为聚氨酯弹性纤维。尽管目前对于聚氨酯弹性纤维的性能提升有较多的研究，但是对采用绿色环保可降解的服装来说，可降解弹性纤维的报道却较少。具有环境友好特性的生物可降解材料在服装领域受到了极大的关注，但却几乎没有可降解材料在弹性纤维领域的应用，究其原因是因为现有的生物降解材料由于其分子结构的原因，不具备弹性，因此很难利用在弹性纤维的制造上。Elastic fibers are widely used in the clothing and textile industry due to their extraordinary stretching and recovery capabilities, high elasticity, and low modulus. Currently, the elastic fibers on the market are mainly polyurethane elastic fibers. Although there are many studies on the performance improvement of polyurethane elastic fibers, there are few reports on degradable elastic fibers for green, environmentally friendly and degradable clothing. Biodegradable materials with environmentally friendly properties have received great attention in the field of clothing, but there is almost no application of degradable materials in the field of elastic fibers. The reason is that the existing biodegradable materials do not have elasticity due to their molecular structure, so it is difficult to use them in the manufacture of elastic fibers.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本发明旨在解决上述缺陷，提供一种全生物降解弹性纤维的制备方法。The present invention aims to solve the above-mentioned defects and provides a method for preparing fully biodegradable elastic fibers.
为了克服背景技术中存在的缺陷，本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是：这种全生物降解弹性纤维的制备方法的制备方法包括：In order to overcome the defects in the background technology, the technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: the preparation method of the fully biodegradable elastic fiber comprises:
第一步、制备弹性纤维的原料，将多羟基引发剂、金属有机催化剂混合醇化，再加入到内酯、L-交酯、含氯有机溶中混合进行开环聚合反应，得到内酯和交酯的嵌段共聚物；The first step is to prepare the raw material of elastic fiber, mix the polyhydroxy initiator and the metal organic catalyst for alcoholization, and then add them to lactone, L-lactide and chlorine-containing organic solvent to mix and carry out ring-opening polymerization to obtain a block copolymer of lactone and lactide;
第二步、将内酯和交酯的嵌段共聚物进行纺丝，纺丝流程依次为熔融纺丝、侧吹风冷却、上油、卷绕、拉伸，最后热定型完成纺丝。In the second step, the block copolymer of lactone and lactide is spun. The spinning process is melt spinning, side blowing cooling, oiling, winding, stretching, and finally heat setting to complete the spinning.
根据本发明的另一个实施例，进一步包括所述内酯包括己内酯、戊内酯、甲基戊内酯及其接枝衍生物。According to another embodiment of the present invention, the lactone further comprises caprolactone, valerolactone, methylvalerolactone and grafted derivatives thereof.
根据本发明的另一个实施例，进一步包括所述L-交酯包括乙交酯，丙交酯及其接枝衍生物。According to another embodiment of the present invention, the L-lactide further comprises glycolide, lactide and grafted derivatives thereof.
根据本发明的另一个实施例，进一步包括所述多羟基引发剂为配乙二醇、聚乙二醇、季戊四醇、双甘油或双季戊四醇的一种或几种组成，加量为ε-己内酯摩尔量的0.1％-1.0％。According to another embodiment of the present invention, the polyhydroxy initiator is one or more of ethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, pentaerythritol, diglycerol or dipentaerythritol, and the added amount is 0.1%-1.0% of the molar amount of ε-caprolactone.
根据本发明的另一个实施例，进一步包括所述金属有机催化剂包括有机配体和金属离子，所述有机配体为二苯甲酰甲烷，所述金属离子为Fe、Co、Zn、Sn的一种或几种，根据离子价态不同，以金属离子为中心形成如下结构：According to another embodiment of the present invention, the metal organic catalyst further comprises an organic ligand and a metal ion, the organic ligand is dibenzoylmethane, the metal ion is one or more of Fe, Co, Zn, and Sn, and the following structure is formed with the metal ion as the center according to different ion valence states:
M:金属离子。M: metal ion.
根据本发明的另一个实施例，进一步包括所述开环聚合反应的反应式如下：According to another embodiment of the present invention, the reaction formula further comprising the ring-opening polymerization reaction is as follows:
反应温度在110-130℃之间，m和n的值可以通过金属离子催化开环的速率进行调节，形成软硬段。The reaction temperature is between 110-130°C, and the values of m and n can be adjusted by the rate of metal ion catalytic ring opening to form soft and hard segments.
根据本发明的另一个实施例，进一步包括所述熔融纺丝的速度为400-1000m/min，侧吹风温度为10-50℃，冷却风相对湿度为45-75％，侧吹风速度为0.3-1.0m/min，拉伸的倍数为1-5倍，热定型的温度为30-60℃，熔融纺丝采用的喷丝板上的喷丝孔数量为100-1000。According to another embodiment of the present invention, the melt spinning speed is further comprised of 400-1000 m/min, the side blowing temperature is 10-50°C, the cooling air relative humidity is 45-75%, the side blowing speed is 0.3-1.0 m/min, the stretching multiple is 1-5 times, the heat setting temperature is 30-60°C, and the number of spinneret holes on the spinneret used for melt spinning is 100-1000.
本发明的有益效果是：这种全生物降解弹性纤维的制备方法制备的纤维具有弹性，从分子结构看，是一种嵌段聚合物，由内酯均聚物长链构成软段，以交酯均聚物构成硬段，硬段和软段交替排列，形成重复结构单元，且分子内及分子间可形成氢键，软段和硬段可形成微相区并产生微观相分离，这些结构特点使得可生物降解共聚物具有不错的弹性。可以用于袖子、裤腰等部分，具有弹性，穿着更舒适。The invention has the beneficial effects that the fiber prepared by the preparation method of the fully biodegradable elastic fiber has elasticity. From the perspective of molecular structure, it is a block polymer, with a soft segment composed of a long chain of lactone homopolymer and a hard segment composed of lactide homopolymer. The hard segment and the soft segment are arranged alternately to form a repeating structural unit, and hydrogen bonds can be formed within and between molecules. The soft segment and the hard segment can form a microphase region and produce microphase separation. These structural characteristics make the biodegradable copolymer have good elasticity. It can be used for sleeves, trouser waists and other parts, has elasticity, and is more comfortable to wear.
具体实施方式DETAILED DESCRIPTION
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明实施例，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in combination with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
这种全生物降解弹性纤维的制备方法制备的纤维具有弹性，从分子结构看，是一种嵌段聚合物，由内酯均聚物长链构成软段，以交酯均聚物构成硬段，硬段和软段交替排列，形成重复结构单元，且分子内及分子间可形成氢键，软段和硬段可形成微相区并产生微观相分离，具体制备方法包括：The fiber prepared by the preparation method of the fully biodegradable elastic fiber has elasticity. From the perspective of molecular structure, it is a block polymer, in which the soft segment is composed of a long chain of lactone homopolymer and the hard segment is composed of lactide homopolymer. The hard segment and the soft segment are arranged alternately to form a repeating structural unit, and hydrogen bonds can be formed within and between molecules. The soft segment and the hard segment can form a microphase region and produce microphase separation. The specific preparation method includes:
第一步、制备弹性纤维的原料，将多羟基引发剂、金属有机催化剂混合醇化，再加入到内酯、L-交酯、含氯有机溶中混合进行开环聚合反应，得到内酯和交酯的嵌段共聚物；The first step is to prepare the raw material of elastic fiber, mix the polyhydroxy initiator and the metal organic catalyst for alcoholization, and then add them into lactone, L-lactide and chlorine-containing organic solvent to mix and carry out ring-opening polymerization to obtain a block copolymer of lactone and lactide;
第二步、将内酯和交酯的嵌段共聚物进行纺丝，纺丝流程依次为熔融纺丝、侧吹风冷却、上油、卷绕、拉伸，最后热定型完成纺丝。In the second step, the block copolymer of lactone and lactide is spun. The spinning process is melt spinning, side blowing cooling, oiling, winding, stretching, and finally heat setting to complete the spinning.
内酯包括己内酯、戊内酯、甲基戊内酯及其接枝衍生物。Lactones include caprolactone, valerolactone, methylvalerolactone and their grafted derivatives.
L-交酯包括乙交酯，丙交酯及其接枝衍生物。L-lactide includes glycolide, lactide and their grafted derivatives.
多羟基引发剂为配乙二醇、聚乙二醇、季戊四醇、双甘油或双季戊四醇的一种或几种组成，加量为ε-己内酯摩尔量的0.1％-1.0％。The polyhydroxy initiator is one or more of ethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, pentaerythritol, diglycerol or dipentaerythritol, and the added amount is 0.1%-1.0% of the molar amount of ε-caprolactone.
金属有机催化剂包括有机配体和金属离子，所述有机配体为二苯甲酰甲烷，所述金属离子为Fe、Co、Zn、Sn的一种或几种，根据离子价态不同，以金属离子为中心形成如下结构：The metal organic catalyst includes an organic ligand and a metal ion, wherein the organic ligand is dibenzoylmethane, and the metal ion is one or more of Fe, Co, Zn, and Sn. Depending on the valence of the ions, the following structure is formed with the metal ion as the center:
M:金属离子。M: metal ion.
开环聚合反应的反应式如下：The reaction equation of the ring-opening polymerization reaction is as follows:
反应温度在110-130℃之间，m和n的值可以通过金属离子催化开环的速率进行调节，形成软硬段。由内酯均聚物长链构成软段，以交酯均聚物构成硬段，硬段和软段交替排列，形成重复结构单元，且分子内及分子间可形成氢键，软段和硬段可形成微相区并产生微观相分离，这些特征使得全生物降解纤维具有不错的弹性。The reaction temperature is between 110-130℃, and the values of m and n can be adjusted by the rate of metal ion catalytic ring opening to form soft and hard segments. The soft segment is composed of a long chain of lactone homopolymer, and the hard segment is composed of lactide homopolymer. The hard segment and the soft segment are arranged alternately to form a repeating structural unit, and hydrogen bonds can be formed within and between molecules. The soft segment and the hard segment can form a microphase region and produce microphase separation. These characteristics make the fully biodegradable fiber have good elasticity.
熔融纺丝的速度为400-1000m/min，侧吹风温度为10-50℃，冷却风相对湿度为45-75％，侧吹风速度为0.3-1.0m/min，拉伸的倍数为1-5倍，热定型的温度为30-60℃，熔融纺丝采用的喷丝板上的喷丝孔数量为100-1000。The melt spinning speed is 400-1000m/min, the side blowing temperature is 10-50°C, the cooling air relative humidity is 45-75%, the side blowing speed is 0.3-1.0m/min, the stretching multiple is 1-5 times, the heat setting temperature is 30-60°C, and the number of spinneret holes on the spinneret used for melt spinning is 100-1000.
通过上述方法生产的纤维，其断裂强度为2.5～4.3cN/dtex，断裂伸长率为15-60％。The fiber produced by the method has a breaking strength of 2.5-4.3 cN/dtex and a breaking elongation of 15-60%.
以上所述，仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，根据本发明的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
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