CN115353808B - Polishing solution for nickel plating - Google Patents
Polishing solution for nickel plating Download PDFInfo
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- CN115353808B CN115353808B CN202210819161.8A CN202210819161A CN115353808B CN 115353808 B CN115353808 B CN 115353808B CN 202210819161 A CN202210819161 A CN 202210819161A CN 115353808 B CN115353808 B CN 115353808B
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- polishing
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- nickel
- acid
- nickel plating
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09G—POLISHING COMPOSITIONS; SKI WAXES
- C09G1/00—Polishing compositions
- C09G1/06—Other polishing compositions
- C09G1/14—Other polishing compositions based on non-waxy substances
- C09G1/18—Other polishing compositions based on non-waxy substances on other substances
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09G—POLISHING COMPOSITIONS; SKI WAXES
- C09G1/00—Polishing compositions
- C09G1/02—Polishing compositions containing abrasives or grinding agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
- C23F3/00—Brightening metals by chemical means
- C23F3/04—Heavy metals
- C23F3/06—Heavy metals with acidic solutions
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a polishing solution for a nickel coating, which comprises sulfuric acid, orthophosphoric acid, solid organic acid, metallic nickel powder, nickel sulfate, glycerol and a pH value regulator, wherein a dispersing agent and/or a defoaming agent are/is preferably added. The invention is mainly used for polishing nickel-plated workpieces, does not contain nitric acid, and is an environment-friendly chemical polishing solution. The polishing solution for the nickel plating layer provided by the invention has the advantages of good polishing effect, less harm to human bodies and environment, higher polishing rate and low cost, well solves the problems of severe working environment, environmental pollution caused by dust generated in the polishing process, physical health of human bodies, low mechanical polishing production efficiency and the like in the conventional polishing process, and improves the polishing efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of plating layer glossiness treatment, in particular to a polishing solution for a nickel plating layer.
Background
The nickel plating layer is formed by plating a layer of nickel on metal or certain non-metal by an electrolysis or chemical method, and the metal nickel has strong passivation capability, can rapidly generate a layer of extremely thin passivation film on the surface of a manufactured part, and can resist the corrosion of atmosphere and certain acids. In a simple salt electrolyte of nickel, crystals and a fine plating layer thereof can be obtained, which has excellent polishing properties, and the polished nickel-plated layer has mirror-like gloss while maintaining its gloss in the atmosphere for a long period of time. Since nickel plating has a relatively high hardness, which can improve the wear resistance of the surface of the product, nickel plating is commonly used in the printing industry to improve the hardness of the lead surface. Because metallic nickel has high chemical stability, some chemical equipment also commonly uses thicker nickel coatings to prevent corrosion by the media. Nickel plating is also widely used in functional applications, such as repairing worn, corroded parts, by localized plating using brush plating techniques. Electroforming is used to manufacture cliches, record molds and other molds for the printing industry. The thick nickel plating layer has good wear resistance and can be used as a wear-resistant plating layer. In particular, composite plating has been developed in recent years to deposit a composite nickel plating layer containing wear-resistant particles, which is higher in hardness and wear resistance than the nickel plating layer. If graphite or graphite fluoride is used as the dispersed particles, the obtained nickel-graphite or nickel-graphite fluoride composite coating has good self-lubricating property and can be used as a lubricating coating. The black nickel plating layer is widely used as a plating layer or a decorative plating layer of an optical instrument. The nickel plating has wide application range, can be used as a protective decorative coating, and can protect the base material from corrosion or play a role in bright decoration on the surfaces of steel, zinc die castings, aluminum alloy and copper alloy; it is also often used as an intermediate coating for other coatings, on which a thin chromium layer is plated or an imitation gold layer is plated, which has better corrosion resistance and beautiful appearance.
In the industry, for various reasons, nickel coatings are more or less disqualified in quality, and repair is generally carried out on non-bright and burr-bearing coatings by repair plating or polishing. Nickel plating generally requires a surface treatment in advance to obtain a brighter appearance and smoother surface quality, and in the conventional art, a mechanical polishing or chemical polishing surface treatment method is generally used. Polishing is a processing method for reducing the surface roughness of a workpiece by utilizing the action of machinery, chemistry or electrochemistry so as to obtain a bright and flat surface. Polishing typically employs a polishing tool, abrasive particles, or a polishing liquid to finish the surface of a workpiece. Polishing does not improve dimensional accuracy or geometric accuracy of a workpiece, but is sometimes used to eliminate gloss (matting) for the purpose of obtaining a smooth surface or specular gloss. Firstly, when the traditional three-acid chemical polishing solution containing nitric acid or the two-acid chemical polishing solution containing no nitric acid is used for polishing a nickel plating layer, the effects of bright and smooth surfaces are not easily obtained, the problems of over-corrosion and the like are often caused, and the overall polishing effect is poor. Secondly, although a mechanical polishing method can be used for obtaining a brighter surface, the existing mechanical polishing technology still has the defect that the working environment of the polishing process is bad, sand particles, scrap iron, dust and the like are generated in the polishing process, the environment is seriously polluted, and the metal nickel dust generated in the mechanical polishing process seriously endangers the health of workers; the mechanical polishing has low production efficiency, high labor cost and high input cost of production equipment.
In summary, since the technical efficiency of the plating gloss treatment in the prior art is low and the labor cost is high, the polishing solution for the nickel plating layer, which has good polishing effect, less harm to human body and environment, higher polishing rate and low cost, is a technical problem to be solved by those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, it is necessary to provide a polishing solution for nickel plating with good polishing effect, less harm to human body and environment, higher polishing rate and low cost, so as to overcome the defects existing in the prior polishing technology.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides a polishing solution for a nickel coating, which adopts the following technical scheme:
the polishing solution for the nickel coating comprises sulfuric acid, orthophosphoric acid, solid organic acid, metallic nickel powder, nickel sulfate, glycerol and pH regulator.
Preferably, the polishing solution for the nickel plating layer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-30 parts of sulfuric acid, 20-75 parts of orthophosphoric acid, 0.1-5 parts of solid organic acid, 0.1-1 part of metallic nickel powder, 0.01-0.2 part of nickel sulfate and 4-7 parts of glycerin.
Further preferably, the polishing solution for nickel plating comprises, in parts by weight: 15-25 parts of sulfuric acid, 40-55 parts of orthophosphoric acid, 0.5-3 parts of solid organic acid, 0.3-0.6 part of metallic nickel powder, 0.08-0.15 part of nickel sulfate and 5-6 parts of glycerin.
Preferably, the solid organic acid comprises at least one of citric acid, oxalic acid, succinic acid and glutaric acid.
Preferably, the pH regulator comprises at least one of ammonia water, potassium hydroxide and hydroxylamine.
Preferably, the polishing solution for the nickel plating layer further comprises 0.3-0.7 part of auxiliary agent, wherein the auxiliary agent comprises a dispersing agent and/or a defoaming agent.
Preferably, the pH value of the polishing solution for the nickel plating layer is 8-12.
Further preferably, the pH of the polishing liquid for nickel plating is 10-11.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the polishing solution for the nickel coating, disclosed by the invention, the metal nickel powder is added into the polishing solution, so that the uneven high surface of the nickel coating workpiece can be repaired in the polishing process, the surface of the nickel coating is more uniform, and the polishing effect is excellent.
2. According to the invention, the flatness and glossiness of the surface of the nickel coating after polishing are further improved by adding nickel sulfate into the polishing solution for the nickel coating.
3. According to the invention, the glycerol is added into the polishing solution for the nickel coating, so that microcracks generated on the nickel coating can be effectively repaired in the polishing process of the nickel coating workpiece, and the effect of flattening the surface of the nickel coating is achieved.
4. The polishing solution for the nickel plating layer does not contain nitric acid, belongs to an environment-friendly chemical polishing solution, and has less harm to human bodies and environment.
5. The polishing solution for the nickel coating adopts alkaline solution for polishing, so that the appearance of the nickel coating after polishing is more uniform, and the polishing effect is excellent.
Detailed Description
In order to describe the technical content, constructional features, achieved objects and effects of the technical solution in detail, the following description is made in detail with reference to specific embodiments.
The polishing solution for the nickel plating layer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5-30 parts of sulfuric acid, 20-75 parts of orthophosphoric acid, 0.1-5 parts of at least one solid organic acid of citric acid, oxalic acid, succinic acid and glutaric acid, 0.1-1 parts of metallic nickel powder, 0.01-0.2 part of nickel sulfate, 4-7 parts of glycerol, and at least one pH value regulator of ammonia water, potassium hydroxide and hydroxylamine for regulating the pH value of the polishing solution to 8-12, and further comprises at least one dispersing agent or defoaming agent of 0.3-0.7 part.
In the following examples, orthophosphoric acid having a concentration of 85% and sulfuric acid having a concentration of 98% were preferably used.
The polishing solutions for nickel plating prepared in examples 1 to 9 of the present invention are specifically as follows.
Example 1
The following components are weighed according to parts by weight in turn: 5 parts of sulfuric acid, 20 parts of orthophosphoric acid, 0.1 part of citric acid, 0.1 part of metallic nickel powder, 0.01 part of nickel sulfate, 4 parts of glycerin and ammonia water which can adjust the pH value of the polishing solution to 8.
Example 2
The following components are weighed according to parts by weight in turn: 15 parts of sulfuric acid, 40 parts of orthophosphoric acid, 0.5 part of oxalic acid, 0.3 part of metallic nickel powder, 0.08 part of nickel sulfate, 5 parts of glycerin, and potassium hydroxide which can adjust the pH value of the polishing solution to 9, 0.3 part of titanium oxide (dispersing agent).
Example 3
The following components are weighed according to parts by weight in turn: 25 parts of sulfuric acid, 55 parts of orthophosphoric acid, 3 parts of succinic acid, 0.6 part of metallic nickel powder, 0.15 part of nickel sulfate, 6 parts of glycerin, and hydroxylamine which can adjust the pH value of the polishing liquid to 11, 0.5 part of modified polyether silicon (defoamer).
Example 4
The following components are weighed according to parts by weight in turn: 30 parts of sulfuric acid, 45 parts of orthophosphoric acid, 5 parts of glutaric acid, 1 part of metallic nickel powder, 0.2 part of nickel sulfate, 7 parts of glycerin, and ammonia water which can adjust the pH value of the polishing solution to 12, potassium hydroxide, 0.3 part of titanium oxide (dispersing agent) and 0.4 part of modified polyether silicon (defoaming agent).
Example 5
The following components are weighed according to parts by weight in turn: 25 parts of sulfuric acid, 53 parts of orthophosphoric acid, 2 parts of citric acid, 2 parts of oxalic acid, 0.7 part of metallic nickel powder, 0.12 part of nickel sulfate, 5 parts of glycerin, and ammonia water, hydroxylamine and 0.3-0.7 part of modified polyether silicon (defoamer) which can adjust the pH value of the polishing solution to 10.
Example 6
The following components are weighed according to parts by weight in turn: 28 parts of sulfuric acid, 44 parts of orthophosphoric acid, 2 parts of citric acid, 3 parts of glutaric acid, 0.7 part of metallic nickel powder, 0.09 part of nickel sulfate, 6 parts of glycerin, and ammonia water which can adjust the pH value of the polishing liquid to 8.
Example 7
The following components are weighed according to parts by weight in turn: 30 parts of sulfuric acid, 45 parts of orthophosphoric acid, 5 parts of citric acid, 1 part of metallic nickel powder, 0.01 part of nickel sulfate, 7 parts of glycerin, and potassium hydroxide and hydroxylamine which can adjust the pH value of the polishing solution to 10.
Example 8
The following components are weighed according to parts by weight in turn: 8 parts of sulfuric acid, 35 parts of orthophosphoric acid, 0.3 part of citric acid, 0.2 part of metallic nickel powder, 0.05 part of nickel sulfate, 4 parts of glycerin, and hydroxylamine which can adjust the pH value of the polishing liquid to 9.
Example 9
The following components are weighed according to parts by weight in turn: 10 parts of sulfuric acid, 40 parts of orthophosphoric acid, 2 parts of glutaric acid, 0.7 part of metallic nickel powder, 0.09 part of nickel sulfate, 6 parts of glycerin, and potassium hydroxide which can adjust the pH value of the polishing liquid to 10.
Comparative example 1
The following components are weighed according to parts by weight in turn: 75 parts of orthophosphoric acid, 18 parts of sulfuric acid and 5 parts of 65% nitric acid.
Comparative example 2
The following components are weighed according to parts by weight in turn: 60 parts of orthophosphoric acid and 15 parts of sulfuric acid.
The nickel-plated workpieces were polished with the polishing solutions prepared in examples 1 to 9 and comparative examples 1 to 2, respectively, at a polishing temperature of 25℃and a relative humidity of 75%, for a polishing time and after polishing, the surface characteristics of the nickel-plated workpieces were as shown in the following tables.
| Polishing time/s | Gloss level | Pitting point | Excessive corrosion | |
| Example 1 | 15 | 207 | Without any means for | Without any means for |
| Example 2 | 20 | 212 | Without any means for | Without any means for |
| Example 3 | 25 | 232 | Without any means for | Without any means for |
| Example 4 | 30 | 253 | Without any means for | Without any means for |
| Example 5 | 35 | 278 | Without any means for | Without any means for |
| Example 6 | 40 | 213 | Without any means for | Without any means for |
| Example 7 | 45 | 235 | Without any means for | Without any means for |
| Example 8 | 30 | 223 | Without any means for | Without any means for |
| Example 9 | 35 | 248 | Without any means for | Without any means for |
| Comparative example 1 | 30 | Matt finish | With pits | Over-etching |
| Comparative example 2 | 35 | Matt finish | Has a large number of pits | Over-etching |
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: according to the table, after the nickel plating work piece is polished by adopting the polishing solution for nickel plating prepared in the examples 1-9 at the air humidity of 75% and the temperature of 25 ℃, the surface glossiness of the work piece is obviously improved compared with that of the work piece polished by the traditional three-acid and two-acid polishing solution, the surface is quite smooth, burrs and pits are not generated, the overall polishing effect is better, and the glossiness can reach more than 200. The chemical polishing solution does not contain nitric acid, is environment-friendly, has less harm to human bodies and environment, and greatly improves the polishing efficiency.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiment is only one of the preferred modes of the present invention. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or terminal that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or terminal. Without further limitation, an element defined by the statement "comprising … …" or "comprising … …" does not exclude the presence of additional elements in a process, method, article or terminal device comprising the element. Further, herein, "greater than," "less than," "exceeding," and the like are understood to not include the present number; "above", "below", "within" and the like are understood to include this number.
While the embodiments have been described above, other variations and modifications will occur to those skilled in the art once the basic inventive concepts are known, and it is therefore intended that the foregoing description be regarded as illustrative rather than limiting, and that it is intended that all such modifications and variations be regarded as being included within the scope of the invention, whether they are to be regarded as equivalent structures or equivalent processes using the teachings of this invention, or whether they are directed to or directed to other relevant technology.
Claims (6)
1. The polishing solution for the nickel plating layer is characterized in that:
the polishing solution for the nickel plating comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-30 parts of sulfuric acid, 20-75 parts of orthophosphoric acid, 0.1-5 parts of solid organic acid, 0.1-1 part of metal nickel powder, 0.01-0.2 part of nickel sulfate, 4-7 parts of glycerin and a pH regulator; the pH value of the polishing solution for the nickel plating layer is 8-12.
2. The polishing liquid for nickel plating according to claim 1, wherein: the polishing solution for the nickel plating comprises the following components in parts by weight: 15-25 parts of sulfuric acid, 40-55 parts of orthophosphoric acid, 0.5-3 parts of solid organic acid, 0.3-0.6 part of metallic nickel powder, 0.08-0.15 part of nickel sulfate and 5-6 parts of glycerin.
3. The polishing liquid for nickel plating according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein: the solid organic acid comprises at least one of citric acid, oxalic acid, succinic acid and glutaric acid.
4. The polishing liquid for nickel plating according to claim 1, wherein: the pH regulator comprises at least one of ammonia water, potassium hydroxide and hydroxylamine.
5. The polishing liquid for nickel plating according to claim 1, wherein: the polishing solution for the nickel coating further comprises 0.3-0.7 part of auxiliary agent according to parts by weight, wherein the auxiliary agent comprises a dispersing agent and/or a defoaming agent.
6. The polishing liquid for nickel plating according to claim 1, wherein: the pH value of the polishing solution for the nickel plating layer is 10-11.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210819161.8A CN115353808B (en) | 2022-07-13 | 2022-07-13 | Polishing solution for nickel plating |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210819161.8A CN115353808B (en) | 2022-07-13 | 2022-07-13 | Polishing solution for nickel plating |
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| CN115353808A CN115353808A (en) | 2022-11-18 |
| CN115353808B true CN115353808B (en) | 2024-01-23 |
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Citations (9)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1164347A (en) * | 1967-08-02 | 1969-09-17 | Mitsubishi Edogawa Kagaku Kk | A Method for Chemically Polishing Copper or Copper Alloy. |
| EP0139958A1 (en) * | 1983-08-23 | 1985-05-08 | BBC Aktiengesellschaft Brown, Boveri & Cie. | Process for electrolytically polishing a work piece made of a nickel, cobalt or iron based alloy |
| JP2011038179A (en) * | 2009-08-18 | 2011-02-24 | Denki Kagaku Kogyo Kk | Chemical polishing solution, and method for producing the same |
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| CN108822738A (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2018-11-16 | 浙江千玉装饰科技股份有限公司 | A kind of coloured glaze chemical polishing solution |
| CN109385628A (en) * | 2018-11-07 | 2019-02-26 | 天津圣金特汽车配件有限公司 | A kind of aluminum alloy nickel plated technique of high-efficiency environment friendly |
| KR20190074660A (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2019-06-28 | 주식회사 포스코 | Polishing composition, polishing method of fe-ni alloy foil using the same, and fe-ni alloy foil |
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2022
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| CN108822738A (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2018-11-16 | 浙江千玉装饰科技股份有限公司 | A kind of coloured glaze chemical polishing solution |
| CN109385628A (en) * | 2018-11-07 | 2019-02-26 | 天津圣金特汽车配件有限公司 | A kind of aluminum alloy nickel plated technique of high-efficiency environment friendly |
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