CN115283700A - Defect repairing device and method for metal structural parts - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a defect repairing device and a defect repairing method for a metal structural part, which comprise a feeding device, wherein a working assembly is connected to the tail end of a multi-shaft mechanical arm, the feeding device is arranged on a base of the multi-shaft mechanical arm or near the base, and a feeding pipe connected with the feeding device is communicated with a powder channel of the working assembly; in the defect repairing process, powder is fed into the working assembly by means of the feeding device and the feeding pipe; in the defect repairing process, the rotating speed of the tool head is controlled to be 400-8000 rpm, the advancing speed of the tool head is controlled to be 100-500 mm/min, and the axial forging pressure is controlled to be 1000-3000N. The invention not only greatly simplifies the structure of the defect repair device, but also changes the structure and the arrangement mode of the core components, so that the volume of the defect repair device is greatly reduced, and the facility cost is greatly reduced; and has the advantages of high defect repair efficiency and the like.

Description

Device and method for repairing defects of metal structural parts

technical field

The application belongs to the technical field of solid phase repair, and in particular relates to a defect repair device and repair method for metal structural parts.

Background technique

The repair and reuse of metal structural parts is the mainstream direction of development in the fields of weaponry, petrochemicals, aerospace, and ships. At present, the repair technology is mainly divided into two aspects: one is the fusion-based repair method developed on the basis of traditional fusion welding, which uses arcs, lasers, etc. as heat sources. However, this method is difficult to apply to large-scale defect repair. And there are problems such as narrow application fields and low repair efficiency; the other is a solid phase repair method developed on the basis of friction stir welding, which uses the frictional heat and deformation heat generated by the mutual movement of materials as the heat source.

The existing U.S. patent document: US2009/0200275A1 discloses an advanced solid-phase additive manufacturing technology, which deposits the filling material on the surface of the substrate by frictional heat generation between the filling material and the substrate, and obtains a bonded material through layer-by-layer accumulation. Deposition layer with good integrity; US2020/0306869A1 discloses a solid-state additive manufacturing system, which can realize various processes such as additive manufacturing, repair, and connection; Chinese patent document CN114423588A discloses a solid-state manufacturing system with A hollow for receiving feed material, a friction die is rotatably coupled near an end of the sleeve, the friction die and sleeve are rotatable relative to each other along an axis of rotation and are configured to generate frictional heat, whereby the sleeve A small portion of the feed material within the hollow portion of the barrel is heated to a ductile state. However, the existing conventional additive equipment has the problem of high axial forging pressure. Taking solid-phase repair with steel powder as the raw material as an example, the axial forging pressure is usually around 7000N, the speed is about 350rpm, and the traveling speed is about 300mm/min. ; For solid-phase restoration with aluminum powder as the raw material, the axial forging pressure is slightly smaller than that of steel powder, the corresponding speed is about 450rpm, and the traveling speed is about 127mm/min.

More importantly, as mentioned above, the solid-state additive manufacturing system has problems such as complex structure, bulky volume, large footprint (usually about 50 cubic meters of space is required to install the entire set of equipment), and high cost of facilities, especially for different The metal structural parts in these occasions cannot be repaired flexibly in place.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a defect repairing device and repair method for metal structural parts, at least to solve the technical problem in the prior art that "metal structural parts for different occasions cannot be repaired flexibly in place".

The object of the present invention is achieved by adopting the following technical solutions.

A defect repairing device for metal structural parts, including a feeding device, is characterized in that: the working component is connected to the end of the multi-axis mechanical arm, and the feeding device is arranged on or near the base of the multi-axis mechanical arm, and is connected with the supply The feeding tube connected to the feeding device communicates with the powder channel of the working component; during the defect repair process, the powder is fed into the working component by means of the feeding device and the feeding tube.

Further, the working assembly includes a load-bearing structure, a rotating spindle and a tool head sequentially connected from top to bottom, the load-bearing structure is provided with a powder channel, the rotating spindle has a hollow cavity, and the tool head is provided with the discharge channel , and the powder channel, the hollow cavity, and the discharge channel are arranged coaxially and communicate with each other.

Further, the power device of the rotating main shaft is arranged on the rotating main shaft, and the power device rotates synchronously with the rotating main shaft; the rotating main shaft and the bearing structure are rotationally connected through bearings.

Preferably, the radial cross-section of the discharge channel of the tool head is square, circular or star-shaped, and the radial cross-sectional area of the discharge passage is 20-50% of the radial cross-sectional area of the tool head.

Preferably, the diameter of the tool head is 5-50mm.

Further, the feeding device adopts a pneumatic powder feeding structure, and an inert gas is passed through the feeding device, so as to realize feeding the inert gas and the powder into the powder channel together.

A defect repair method using the aforementioned defect repair device, characterized in that the steps are as follows:

Step 1, install the feeding device and the base of the multi-axis manipulator near the defect to be repaired, install the multi-axis manipulator and the working component, align the tool head of the working component with the repair starting position of the repair path, and place the filling The material is filled into the powder channel of the rotating spindle;

Step 2, start the defect repair device, make the tool head rotate at a preset speed, and then manipulate the multi-axis mechanical arm to make the tool head generate axial forging pressure, and start to plasticize the filling material;

Step 3, control the working components to move along the repair path by manipulating the multi-axis manipulator, and build up the defect repair layer by layer until the defect repair is completed.

Preferably, the rotation speed of the tool head is controlled to be 400rpm-8000rpm, the travel speed of the tool head is controlled to be 100mm/min-500mm/min, and the axial forging force is controlled to be 1000-3000N.

Preferably, the filling material is aluminum alloy powder, magnesium alloy powder, copper alloy powder, nickel-based superalloy powder, high-strength steel powder.

More preferably, the rotational speed of the tool head is controlled at 6000rpm-8000rpm, and the axial forging force is controlled at 1000-1850N.

In order to further optimize the performance of the repaired tissue, in steps 2 and 3, the filling material is controlled to fall from the powder channel into the repaired area in a free-falling manner.

Beneficial effect:

1. Due to the use of the defect repairing device with a specific structure of the present invention, not only the structure of the defect repairing device is greatly simplified, but also the structure and arrangement of the core components (feeding device, action mechanism) are changed, so that the volume of the defect repairing device is greatly reduced , to reduce the floor space occupied by the defect repair device from about 50 m³ to about 15 m³, and at the same time greatly reduce the facility cost;

2. The defect repairing device with a specific structure of the present invention can realize flexible in-place repair for metal structural parts in different occasions, can be quickly transferred and quickly in place, and has the advantages of light weight and simplification;

3. The present invention has the advantage of high defect repair efficiency. For light materials such as aluminum alloy, the repair speed can reach 3000-5000cm ³ /h; the present invention also has the advantages of low axial forging pressure and high rotational speed;

4. Using the solution of the present invention to repair the defects of metal components can avoid the coarsening of the structure and the dissolution of the strengthening phase caused by the overheating of the material, the strength of the repaired area is high, the residual stress of the material in the repaired area can be reduced, and the tissue uniformity of the repaired area is good ;

5. Using the solution of the present invention to repair the defects of metal components, the process of pressing and feeding materials in the traditional way is omitted, and the metal structures will not be affected by high load loading.

6. The solution of the present invention is especially suitable for repairing large-scale defects of metal components.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the defect repairing device in the embodiment.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described this time are only used to explain the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention.

Example 1

As shown in Figure 1, a defect repairing device for metal structural parts includes a feeding device 6, the working assembly is connected to the end of a multi-axis robot arm 7, and the feeding device 6 is arranged on the base 8 of the multi-axis robot arm 7 Or near the base 8, the feeding pipe 5 connected to the feeding device 6 communicates with the powder channel 9 of the working assembly; during the defect repair process, the powder is fed into the working assembly by means of the feeding device 6 and the feeding pipe 5 . Among them, the working assembly includes a load-bearing structure 4, a rotating spindle 2 and a tool head 1 sequentially connected from top to bottom, the load-carrying structure 4 is provided with a powder passage 9, the rotating spindle 2 has a hollow cavity 3, and the tool head 1 is provided with a The discharge channel 12, and the powder channel 9, the hollow cavity 3, and the discharge channel 12 are coaxially arranged and communicated with each other; the power device 10 of the rotating main shaft 2 is arranged on the rotating main shaft 2, and the power device 10 is synchronized with the rotating main shaft 2 Rotation; the rotating main shaft 2 is rotationally connected with the bearing structure 4 through bearings. Among them, the feeding device 6 adopts a pneumatic powder feeding structure, and an inert gas is passed through the feeding device 6 to realize that the inert gas and the powder are sent into the powder channel 9 together, that is, the powder is realized by feeding the inert gas. Conveyance along the feed tube 5. In this embodiment: the radial cross-section of the discharge channel 12 of the tool head 1 is circular, the diameter of the tool head 1 is 10 mm, and the radial cross-sectional area of the discharge passage 12 is 35% of the radial cross-sectional area of the tool head 1 .

A defect repair method using the defect repair device in this embodiment. There are two corrosion areas on a certain equipment bearing plate (aluminum alloy), and one of the processed defects has a depth of 5 mm (the deepest part) and an area of about 22 cm². Another defect after treatment has a depth of 3.2mm (the deepest part) and an area of about 28cm². The specific steps are as follows:

Step 1, install the feeding device 6 and the base 8 of the multi-axis manipulator 7 near the defect (product) to be repaired, install the multi-axis manipulator 7 and the working component, and align the tool head 1 of the working component (the first defects) repair starting position of the repair path, and fill the filling material into the powder channel 9 of the rotating main shaft 2;

Step 2, start the defect repair device, make the tool head 1 rotate at a preset speed of 6000rpm, and then manipulate the multi-axis mechanical arm 7 to make the tool head 1 generate an axial forging force of 1812N, and start to plasticize the filling material;

Step 3, by manipulating the multi-axis mechanical arm 7 to control the working components to move according to the repair path, the tool head 1 is controlled to travel at a speed of 200mm/min, and the defects are repaired layer by layer until the defect repair is completed;

In step 2 and step 3, by adjusting the powder feeding rate and fan power of the feeding device 6, the filling material falls into the repair area from the powder channel 9 in a free-falling manner;

Step 4. Align the tool head 1 of the working component with the repair start position of the repair path at the next defect 11, and then repeat the aforementioned steps 2 and 3.

Example 2

Refer to Example 1 for the defect repairing device used. The main difference between it and the defect repairing device in Embodiment 1 is that the radial section of the discharge channel 12 of the tool head 1 is circular, the diameter of the tool head 1 is 15 mm, and the diameter of the discharge channel 12 is The cross-sectional area is 20% of the radial cross-sectional area of the tool head 1. A defect repair method, the depth of the processed defect on a certain equipment baffle (aluminum alloy) is 3.5mm (the deepest part), and the area is about 44cm². The specific steps are as follows:

Step 1, install the feeding device 6 and the base 8 of the multi-axis manipulator 7 near the defect (product) to be repaired, install the multi-axis manipulator 7 and the working component, and make the tool head 1 of the working component align with the repair path Repair the starting position, and fill the filling material into the powder channel 9 of the rotating main shaft 2;

Step 2, start the defect repair device, make the tool head 1 rotate at a preset speed of 4000rpm, and then manipulate the multi-axis mechanical arm 7 to make the tool head 1 generate an axial forging force of 1825N, and start to plasticize the filling material;

Step 3, by manipulating the multi-axis mechanical arm 7 to control the working components to move according to the repair path, the travel speed of the tool head 1 is controlled to 180mm/min, and the defects are repaired layer by layer until the defect repair is completed;

In step 2 and step 3, by adjusting the powder feeding rate of the feeding device 6 and the power of the fan, the filling material falls into the repair area from the powder channel 9 in a free-falling manner.

Example 3

Refer to Example 1 for the defect repairing device used. The main difference between it and the defect repairing device in Embodiment 1 is that the radial section of the discharge channel 12 of the tool head 1 is rectangular, the diameter of the tool head 1 is 30 mm, and the radial direction of the discharge channel 12 is rectangular. The cross-sectional area is 30% of the radial cross-sectional area of the tool head 1 . A defect repair method, the specific steps are as follows:

Step 1, install the feeding device 6 and the base 8 of the multi-axis manipulator 7 near the defect (product) to be repaired, install the multi-axis manipulator 7 and the working component, and make the tool head 1 of the working component align with the repair path Repair the starting position, and fill the filling material into the powder channel 9 of the rotating main shaft 2;

Step 2, start the defect repair device, make the tool head 1 rotate at a preset speed of 3000rpm, and then manipulate the multi-axis mechanical arm 7 to make the tool head 1 generate an axial forging force of 2000N, and start to plasticize the filling material;

Step 3, by manipulating the multi-axis mechanical arm 7 to control the working components to move according to the repair path, the tool head 1 is controlled to travel at a speed of 150mm/min, and the defects are repaired layer by layer until the defect repair is completed;

In step 2 and step 3, by adjusting the powder feeding rate of the feeding device 6 and the power of the fan, the filling material falls into the repair area from the powder channel 9 in a free-falling manner.

Example 4

The defect repairing device used refers to Example 1, and its main difference from the defect repairing device in Embodiment 1 is that the radial section of the discharge channel 12 of the tool head 1 is circular, the diameter of the tool head 1 is 40 mm, and the discharge channel 12 diameter The cross-sectional area is 40% of the radial cross-sectional area of the tool head 1. A defect repair method, the specific steps are as follows:

Step 1, install the feeding device 6 and the base 8 of the multi-axis manipulator 7 near the defect (product) to be repaired, install the multi-axis manipulator 7 and the working component, and make the tool head 1 of the working component align with the repair path Repair the starting position, and fill the filling material into the powder channel 9 of the rotating main shaft 2;

Step 2, start the defect repair device, make the tool head 1 rotate at a preset speed of 2000rpm, and then manipulate the multi-axis mechanical arm 7 to make the tool head 1 generate an axial forging force of 2130N, and start to plasticize the filling material;

Step 3, by manipulating the multi-axis mechanical arm 7 to control the working components to move along the repair path, the tool head 1 is controlled to travel at a speed of 100mm/min, and the defects are repaired layer by layer until the defect repair is completed.

Example 5

Refer to Example 1 for the defect repairing device used. The main difference between it and the defect repairing device in Embodiment 1 is that the tool head 1 is rotated at a preset speed of 8000 rpm, and then the multi-axis mechanical arm 7 is manipulated to make the tool head 1 generate an axial forging force. 1510N, start to plasticize the filling material.

Due to the use of the defect repairing device with a specific structure of the present invention, not only the structure of the defect repairing device is greatly simplified, but also the structure and arrangement of the core components (feeding device, action mechanism) are changed, so that the volume of the defect repairing device is greatly reduced. The space occupied by the defect repairing device has been reduced from the original 50m³ to about 15 m³, and at the same time, the cost of facilities has been greatly reduced; the defect repairing device with a specific structure of the present invention can be used to achieve flexible in-situ repairs for metal structural parts in different occasions , can be quickly transferred and quickly placed in place, and has the advantages of light weight and simplification; the present invention has the advantage of high defect repair efficiency, and can reach a repair speed of 3000-5000cm ³ /h for lightweight materials such as aluminum alloys; The inventive solution repairs the defects of metal components, which can avoid the coarsening of the structure and the dissolution of the strengthening phase caused by the overheating of the material, the strength of the repaired area is high, the residual stress of the material in the repaired area can be reduced, and the tissue uniformity of the repaired area is good; adopting the present invention The solution to repair the defects of metal components saves the pressure feeding process in the traditional way, and the metal structures will not be affected by high load loading; the present invention is especially suitable for large-scale (defect area exceeding 20cm²) defects of metal components Make repairs.

Claims (10)

1. A defect repairing device for metal structural parts, comprising a feeding device (6), characterized in that: the working assembly is connected to the end of the multi-axis mechanical arm, and the feeding device (6) is arranged on the base of the multi-axis mechanical arm (8) or near the base (8), the feeding pipe (5) connected to the feeding device (6) communicates with the powder passage (9) of the working assembly; during the defect repair process, with the help of the feeding device ( 6) and feeding pipe (5) to send the powder into the working assembly. 2. The defect repairing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the working assembly includes a load-bearing structure (4), a rotating spindle (2) and a tool head (1) sequentially connected from top to bottom, and the load-bearing structure (4) is provided with a powder passage (9), the rotating main shaft (2) has a hollow cavity (3), the tool head (1) is provided with the discharge passage (12), and the powder passage (9), The hollow cavity (3) and the discharge channel (12) are arranged coaxially and communicate with each other. 3. The defect repairing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: the power device (10) of the rotating main shaft (2) is arranged on the rotating main shaft (2), and the power device (10) follows the rotating main shaft (2) synchronous rotation; the rotating main shaft (2) is rotationally connected with the bearing structure (4) through bearings. 4. The defect repairing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: the radial section of the discharge channel (12) of the tool head (1) is square, circular or star-shaped, and the discharge channel (12) diameter The cross-sectional area is 20-50% of the radial cross-sectional area of the tool head (1). 5. The defect repairing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: the diameter of the tool head (1) is 5-50 mm. 6. The defect repairing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: the feeding device (6) adopts a pneumatic powder feeding structure, and an inert gas is passed inside the feeding device (6), so as to realize the The inert gas is sent into the powder channel (9) together with the powder. 7. A defect repair method using the defect repair device according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that the steps are as follows: Step 1, install the feeding device (6) and the base (8) of the multi-axis manipulator near the defect to be repaired, install the multi-axis manipulator and the working component, and align the tool head (1) of the working component with the repair path repair the starting position, and fill the filling material into the powder channel (9) of the rotating main shaft (2); Step 2, start the defect repairing device, make the tool head (1) rotate at a preset speed, and then manipulate the multi-axis mechanical arm to make the tool head (1) generate axial forging pressure, and start to plasticize the filling material; Step 3, control the working components to move along the repair path by manipulating the multi-axis manipulator, and build up the defect repair layer by layer until the defect repair is completed. 8. The defect repairing method according to claim 7, characterized in that: the rotational speed of the tool head (1) is controlled to be 400rpm-8000rpm, the travel speed of the tool head (1) is controlled to be 100mm/min-500mm/min, and the axial The forging pressure is controlled at 1000-3000N. 9. defect repairing method according to claim 8, is characterized in that: filling material is aluminum alloy powder, magnesium alloy powder, copper alloy powder, nickel-based superalloy powder, high-strength steel powder; tool head ( 1) The rotational speed is controlled at 6000rpm-8000rpm, and the axial forging pressure is controlled at 1000-1850N. 10. The defect repairing method according to claim 8, characterized in that: in step 2 and step 3, the filling material is controlled to fall from the powder channel (9) into the repairing area in a free-falling manner.

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