CN114775517B

CN114775517B - Floating offshore installation

Info

Publication number: CN114775517B
Application number: CN202210629284.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张建民; 王法承; 赵杨
Original assignee: China Academy Of Ocean Engineering Qingdao
Current assignee: China Academy Of Ocean Engineering Qingdao
Priority date: 2022-06-02
Filing date: 2022-06-02
Publication date: 2024-06-04
Anticipated expiration: 2042-06-02
Also published as: CN114775517A

Abstract

Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a floating offshore facility comprising: the floating breakwater comprises a plurality of floating body units which are sequentially connected through main cables, wherein each floating body unit is provided with a wave dissipating hole; curtain type blocking net which is hung on the main cable and is unfolded underwater; the detection unit is arranged on the curtain type blocking net and used for detecting the damage of the curtain type blocking net and the invasion condition of foreign matters; the wave energy power generation device is connected with the main cable and is used for converting wave energy into electric energy and then supplying power to a load; and a positioning system for mooring the wave power unit to a fixed sea area. According to the embodiment of the disclosure, through integrating the functions of floating wave prevention, wave energy power generation and blocking net, all parts are mutually tonifying, and an economic and feasible solution is provided for comprehensively realizing wave elimination, interception protection and wave energy power generation of offshore engineering.

Description

Floating offshore installation

Technical Field

The present disclosure relates to the field of ocean engineering, and more particularly to a floating offshore facility.

Background

The sea wave has erosion effect on coast and offshore engineering structures, and influences the safety of relevant ocean resource development and utilization links such as port operation, ocean engineering construction operation, ocean cultivation and the like. In addition, the wave energy in the ocean is a potential green energy source, the wave energy is utilized as resources, and the related research of generating electricity by utilizing the wave energy is continuously advancing. In addition, coastal and offshore important structures may be affected by offshore organisms (e.g., enteromorpha), marine foreign bodies, and military intrusion (e.g., frogman), potentially requiring a large amount of interception protection.

At present, aiming at the three problems, independent designs are respectively carried out on wave prevention, wave energy power generation and underwater protection, and integration and economy are lacked.

Disclosure of Invention

The present disclosure is directed to solving at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art.

To this end, embodiments of the present disclosure provide a floating offshore facility integrating wave protection, wave energy generation and underwater protection, comprising:

the floating breakwater comprises a plurality of floating body units which are sequentially connected through main cables, wherein each floating body unit is provided with a wave dissipation hole;

The curtain type blocking net is hung on the main cable and is unfolded underwater;

the detection unit is arranged on the curtain type blocking net and is used for detecting the damage condition and the foreign matter invasion condition of the curtain type blocking net;

The wave energy power generation device is connected with the main cable and is used for supplying power to a load after converting wave energy into electric energy; and

And the positioning system is connected with the wave energy power generation device and is used for mooring the wave energy power generation device in a fixed sea area.

The floating offshore facility provided by the embodiment of the disclosure has the following special and beneficial effects:

The floating offshore facility provided by the embodiment of the disclosure provides a full-time self-powered comprehensive defense system capable of effectively defending damage of underwater attack, water surface collision and the like and integrating detection, alarming, interception and positioning, can monitor small targets such as low and slow air, low and slow water surface and the like in real time, intelligently identify underwater frogman, AUV (Autonomous Underwater Vehicle ), UUV (Unmanned Underwater Vehicle, unmanned underwater vehicle), accurately position and effectively block invasion of water surface vessels, underwater frogman, AUV, UUV and the like, and realize energy source main supply. According to the embodiment of the disclosure, through integrating the functions of floating wave prevention, wave energy power generation and blocking net, all parts are mutually tonifying, and an economic and feasible solution is provided for comprehensively realizing wave elimination, interception protection and wave energy power generation of offshore engineering.

In some embodiments, the floating body unit comprises two side plates arranged at intervals along the main cable direction, and a plurality of cross-shaped floating bodies and a plurality of slave cables arranged between the two side plates; the centers of the two side plates are respectively provided with a first main cable hole for the main cable to pass through; the auxiliary cables positioned between the two side plates are arranged in an array form and are parallel to the main cable, and the end parts of the auxiliary cables are respectively fixed on the corresponding side plates; the ends of the four support arms of each cross-shaped floating body are respectively provided with a slave cable hole for the slave cable to pass through, the center of each cross-shaped floating body on the central axis of the floating body unit is also respectively provided with a second main cable hole for the main cable to pass through, and wave dissipation holes are formed between the adjacent cross-shaped floating bodies.

In some embodiments, a first pre-stress is applied to each of the slave cables.

In some embodiments, a second pre-stress is applied on the main cable.

In other embodiments, the floating body unit comprises a plurality of cross-shaped floating bodies, a main cable hole for the main cable to pass through is formed in the center of each cross-shaped floating body, and the wave dissipating holes are formed between the adjacent cross-shaped floating bodies.

In some embodiments, a buffer is provided on the main cable.

In some embodiments, the curtain-type blocking net comprises a net body that is suspended on the main cable.

In some embodiments, the mesh body is more than 2 times the length of the main cable in the main cable direction.

In some embodiments, the curtain-type barrier net further comprises a counterweight structure disposed at the bottom of the net body.

In some embodiments, the detection unit comprises an active detection sensor and/or a passive detection sensor arranged on the curtain-type barrier net.

In some embodiments, the active detection sensor employs a sonar sensor, a piezoelectric crystal sensor, an olfactory sensor, and a thermal radiation sensor.

In some embodiments, the passive detection sensor employs long-distance distributed acoustic wave detectors disposed at equal intervals along the deployment direction of the curtain-type barrier net.

In some embodiments, the positioning system employs a mooring system or a mooring system.

In some embodiments, the wave power device is connected to the main cable by a connector configured to connect or disconnect the wave power device to or from the main cable depending on the amount of tension between the wave power device and the main cable.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a floating offshore facility provided in embodiment 1 of the present disclosure.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a floating body unit in the floating offshore facility shown in fig. 1.

Fig. 3 (a) and (b) are schematic structural diagrams of a combination of a plurality of cross-shaped floating bodies and a single cross-shaped floating body in the floating body unit shown in fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the connector in the floating offshore unit of fig. 1.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the mooring system in the floating offshore unit shown in fig. 1.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a floating offshore facility provided in embodiment 2 of the present disclosure.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of a floating body unit in the floating offshore unit of fig. 6.

Fig. 8 and 9 are schematic views of the overall structure of the floating offshore unit provided for embodiments 3 and 4 of the present disclosure, respectively.

Reference numerals:

100-floating breakwater, 110-main cable, 111-buffer piece, 120-floating body unit, 121-wave elimination hole, 122-cross floating body, 1221-second main cable hole, 1222-auxiliary cable hole, 123-auxiliary cable, 124-side board, 1241-first main cable hole, 125-rivet structure;

200-curtain type blocking net, 210-net body, 220-counterweight structure;

300-a detection unit, 310-an active detection sensor, 320-a passive detection sensor;

400-wave energy power generation device;

500-positioning system, 510-chain rope, 520-block, 530-anchor chain and 540-anchor body;

600-connector, 610-housing, 620-connection ring.

Detailed Description

The present application will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the application.

On the contrary, the application is intended to cover alternatives, modifications and equivalents, which may be included within the spirit and scope of the application as defined by the appended claims. Further, in the following detailed description of the present application, certain specific details are set forth in order to provide a better understanding of the present application. The present application will be fully understood by those skilled in the art without the details described herein.

Referring to fig. 1, a floating offshore facility provided in embodiment 1 of the present disclosure includes:

a floating breakwater 100, the floating breakwater 100 comprising a plurality of floating body units 120 sequentially connected through main cables 110, the floating body units 120 having wave dissipating holes;

the curtain type blocking net 200 is hung on the main cable 110 and is unfolded underwater;

The detection unit 300 is arranged on the curtain type blocking net 200 and is used for detecting the damage and foreign matter invasion condition of the curtain type blocking net 200;

The wave energy power generation device 400 is connected with the main cable 110 and is used for supplying power to a load after converting wave energy into electric energy; and

The positioning system 500, the positioning system 500 is connected with the wave power generation device 400, and is used for mooring the wave power generation device 400 in a fixed sea area.

In some embodiments, the floating offshore facility provided in embodiment 1 of the present disclosure has the same structure for each floating body unit 120, and one of the floating body units 120 will be described as an example. Referring to fig. 2 and 3 (a) and (b), the floating body unit 120 may have an inverted trapezoid shape as a whole, and includes two side plates 124 disposed at intervals along the main cable direction, and a plurality of cross-shaped floating bodies 122 and a plurality of slave cables 123 disposed between the two side plates 124. The two side plates 124 are inverted trapezoids, a first main cable hole 1241 for the main cable 110 to pass through is respectively formed in the center of each side plate 124, the auxiliary cables 123 between the two side plates 124 are arranged in an array form and are parallel to the main cable 110, and the end parts of the auxiliary cables 123 are respectively fixed on the corresponding side plates 124 through riveting structures 125. The ends of the four arms of each cross-shaped floating body 122 are provided with slave cable holes 1222 through which slave cables 123 pass, and wave dissipating holes 121 are formed between adjacent cross-shaped floating bodies 122. Floating body unit 120 is used to provide buoyancy to the floating offshore facility of embodiments of the present disclosure, and its void medium configuration rich in wave-dissipating pores is capable of wave-dissipating and wave-preventing.

Further, the cross-shaped floating body 122 can be made of polyurea, and the like, and has a size of about 200mm-1000mm; the height of the floating body unit 120 can be 1000mm-4000mm, and the width can be adjusted according to the requirement; the main cable 110 and the auxiliary cable 123 may be cables made of high molecular weight polyethylene fibers; the side plates 124 may be made of tough polymer polyethylene or the like.

Further, the outermost side of the main cable 110 is fixed to the wave power generation device 400 connected to the positioning system 500. The main cable 110 is provided with a buffer member 111, which may be made of rubber, to buffer the collision between the wave power generation device 400 and the floating body unit 120 under severe sea conditions, and to limit the displacement of the floating body unit 120 along the main cable 110.

Further, a first pre-stress is applied to each slave cable 123 to compress and compact the cross-shaped floating body 122 in the slave cable direction, increasing the overall stiffness of the floating body unit 120, reducing the relative displacement of the components, and making the void structure of the floating body unit 120 relatively stable. Optionally, a second pre-stress is applied to the main cable 110 to avoid overstressing the barrier net in extreme environments.

In some embodiments, referring to fig. 1, the curtain-type barrier net 200 includes a net body 210 suspended on a main cable 110, where the net body 210 is more than 2 times the length of the main cable in the direction of the main cable 110, so that it can assume a curtain-like configuration to avoid damage due to excessive stretching. When the dead weight of the net body 210 is insufficient to resist the buoyancy of seawater, a counterweight structure 220 is further arranged at the bottom of the net body 210 to ensure that the net body 210 can be opened in the vertical direction, thereby playing a role in underwater protection and providing a certain wave-dissipating capacity.

In some embodiments, referring to fig. 1, the detection unit 300 includes active detection sensors 310 and/or passive detection sensors 320 disposed on the curtain-type barrier net 200. The active detection sensor 310 is used to monitor whether a foreign object or a frogman approaches, and a sonar sensor, a piezoelectric crystal sensor, an olfactory sensor (used to detect a mine or an explosive), a thermal radiation sensor, and the like can be used. The passive detection sensor 320 adopts long-distance distributed acoustic wave detectors (such as optical fiber sensors) distributed at equal intervals along the warp direction of the net body 210, and forms a monitoring system similar to the underwater vibration signal of the source phased array radar through the reception of a plurality of groups of differential signals, so that the real-time positioning and monitoring of an intrusion target are realized, and the system has strong economical efficiency, reliability and anti-interference capability. Embodiments of the present disclosure may increase the concealment of the fiber sensor itself by disposing the fiber sensor on the net body 210; meanwhile, the number and the area of the optical fibers serving as the detection units (similar to an antenna of a television) can be greatly improved. When detecting small targets (such as distinguishing frogman from underwater creatures), it is difficult for a single detection unit to distinguish targets (frogman) from noise (underwater creatures), but by arranging a large area (such as an area of 10 square meters to 100 square meters on the net body 210, a long distance, i.e. a plurality of optical fiber sensors) is arranged, the recognition of the small targets can be realized by demodulating the single small targets after acquiring information for a plurality of sensors.

In some embodiments, the wave power device 400 employs a floating structure, and the wave power device 400 may provide additional buoyancy in addition to converting wave energy into electrical energy. An L-shaped seawater flow passage, a buoyancy cabin and an air flow passage are formed in the wave energy power generation device 400; the L-shaped seawater flow channel comprises a horizontal section flow channel and a vertical section flow channel which are mutually communicated, the top wall of the horizontal section flow channel is a horizontal plane, the bottom wall of the horizontal section flow channel is a serrated surface, the joint between the top wall of the horizontal section flow channel and the side wall of the vertical section flow channel is 1/4 arc transition, and an inclined triangular prism space is formed between the bottom wall of the horizontal section flow channel and the side wall of the vertical section flow channel and is used as an auxiliary buoyancy cabin; the air flow passage is communicated with the top of the vertical section flow passage, the tail end of the air flow passage is provided with the air flow passage, and the air flow passage is provided with a pressure regulating valve group; an air turbine unit is installed at the air flow port, and the air turbine unit is connected with a generator (see patent application 202110180864.6 for specific implementation and function of each component in the wave power generation device 400).

Further, referring to fig. 4, the wave power unit 400 is connected to the main cable 110 through the connector 600, so that the main cable 110 is prevented from being pulled out by the wave power unit 400 due to a large relative displacement when the floating offshore facility is exposed to severe weather (e.g., typhoon, hurricane, etc.). The connector 600 is configured to connect or disconnect the wave power generation device 400 and the main cable 110 according to the magnitude of the tension between the wave power generation device 400 and the main cable 110. Specifically, the connector 600 includes a metal housing 610 and a connection ring 620. The connecting cable between the main cable 110 and the wave power unit 400 is fastened and clamped in the metal housing 610 by a connecting ring 620. When the friction between the attachment ring 620 and the cable is insufficient to resist the tension in the cable, the cable will break away from the connector.

In some embodiments, referring to fig. 5, the positioning system 500 employs a multi-point mooring system comprising a chain line 510, a block 520, a chain 530 and an anchor 540 connected in sequence, the top end of the chain line 510 being connected to the wave power unit 400, the anchor 540 being landed on the sea floor. The positioning system 500 can effectively reduce the displacement of the wave energy power generation device 400 in the horizontal direction, thereby limiting the relative displacement between different wave energy power generation devices 400 and guaranteeing the overall safety of the facility.

Referring to fig. 6 and 7, in order to provide a floating offshore unit according to embodiment 2 of the present disclosure, the floating body unit 120 according to embodiment 2 of the present disclosure is different from the floating offshore unit according to embodiment 1 of the present disclosure in that the floating body unit 120 is directly formed by connecting a plurality of cross-shaped floating bodies through main cables, and the center of each cross-shaped floating body is provided with a second main cable hole 1221 through which the main cable passes, so that compared with the floating body unit 120 according to embodiment 1, the floating body unit 120 according to embodiment 2 has a simpler structure and is suitable for a marine environment with more complex power load. In the floating offshore facility provided in example 2, the positioning system 500 employs a mooring system.

Further, the number of wave power units 400 and floating body units 120 on main cable 110 may be combined in different ways to meet different power generation and wave dissipation design requirements. Each three floating body units 120 in embodiment 1 shown in fig. 1 corresponds to a wave power generation device; in embodiment 3 shown in fig. 8, every three floating body units 120 corresponds to two wave power generation devices 400; in example 4 shown in fig. 9, each floating body unit 120 corresponds to one wave power generation device 400.

In the description of the present specification, reference to the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present disclosure. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

While embodiments of the present disclosure have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: many changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the disclosure, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A floating offshore facility, comprising:

The curtain type blocking net is hung on the main cable and is unfolded underwater, and comprises a net body hung on the main cable, wherein the length of the net body along the direction of the main cable is more than 2 times that of the main cable;

The detection unit is arranged on the curtain type blocking net and is used for detecting the damage and foreign matter invasion condition of the curtain type blocking net, the detection unit comprises an active detection sensor and/or a passive detection sensor which are arranged on the curtain type blocking net, the active detection sensor adopts a sonar sensor, a piezoelectric crystal sensor, an olfaction sensor and a thermal radiation sensor, and the passive detection sensor adopts a long-distance distributed acoustic wave detector which is arranged at equal intervals along the arrangement direction of the curtain type blocking net;

The wave energy power generation device is connected with the main cable and is used for supplying power to a load after converting wave energy into electric energy, the wave energy power generation device adopts a floating structure, the wave energy power generation device is connected with the main cable through a connector, and the connector is configured to connect or disconnect the wave energy power generation device with the main cable according to the tension between the wave energy power generation device and the main cable; and

The positioning system is connected with the wave energy power generation device and used for mooring the wave energy power generation device in a fixed sea area;

The floating body unit comprises two side plates arranged at intervals along the direction of the main cable, a plurality of cross-shaped floating bodies and a plurality of auxiliary cables, wherein the cross-shaped floating bodies and the auxiliary cables are arranged between the two side plates; the centers of the two side plates are respectively provided with a first main cable hole for the main cable to pass through; the auxiliary cables positioned between the two side plates are arranged in an array form and are parallel to the main cable, and the end parts of the auxiliary cables are respectively fixed on the corresponding side plates; the end parts of the four support arms of each cross-shaped floating body are respectively provided with a slave cable hole for the slave cable to pass through, and wave dissipation holes are formed between the adjacent cross-shaped floating bodies.

2. The floating offshore unit of claim 1 wherein a first pre-stress is applied to each of the slave cables.

3. The floating offshore unit of claim 1, wherein a second pre-stress is exerted on the main cable.

4. The floating offshore unit of claim 1, wherein the floating body unit comprises a plurality of cross-shaped floating bodies having a second main cable hole at a center thereof through which the main cable passes, the wave dissipating holes being formed between adjacent ones of the cross-shaped floating bodies.

5. The floating offshore unit of claim 1 wherein a buffer is provided on the main cable.

6. The floating offshore facility of claim 1 wherein the curtain-type arresting net further comprises a counterweight structure disposed at a bottom of the net body.

7. The floating offshore facility of claim 1 wherein the positioning system employs a mooring system or a mooring system.