CN114721101B - Layer-twisted optical cable and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Layer-twisted optical cable and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114721101B CN114721101B CN202210179251.5A CN202210179251A CN114721101B CN 114721101 B CN114721101 B CN 114721101B CN 202210179251 A CN202210179251 A CN 202210179251A CN 114721101 B CN114721101 B CN 114721101B
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- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 203
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 50
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000861 blow drying Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 11
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- 239000006071 cream Substances 0.000 description 4
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- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010295 mobile communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002674 ointment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
- G02B6/4401—Optical cables
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
- G02B6/4401—Optical cables
- G02B6/4429—Means specially adapted for strengthening or protecting the cables
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
- G02B6/4439—Auxiliary devices
- G02B6/444—Systems or boxes with surplus lengths
- G02B6/4441—Boxes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
- G02B6/4479—Manufacturing methods of optical cables
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
- G02B6/4479—Manufacturing methods of optical cables
- G02B6/4483—Injection or filling devices
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Light Guides In General And Applications Therefor (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a layer-stranded optical cable and a preparation method thereof, wherein the layer-stranded optical cable comprises a reinforcing member positioned at the center of the optical cable, a plurality of optical fiber units are uniformly distributed around the periphery of the reinforcing member to form a cable core, cable paste is filled in a gap of the cable core, two layers of binding yarns are alternately wrapped outside the cable core for fixation, and an outer sheath is extruded after a metal armor layer is wrapped outside the binding yarns; the optical fiber unit comprises a PBT loose tube, a plurality of optical fibers are arranged in the PBT loose tube, and fiber paste is filled in a gap between the PBT loose tube and the optical fibers. The invention not only realizes the consistent residual length of the optical fiber in the pipe, but also realizes the complete crystallization of the PBT loose pipe through the transformation of the optical fiber paying-off device, the oil needle and the PBT loose pipe crystallization equipment and the optimization of the technology, reduces the shrinkage after the pipe is sleeved, controls the residual length of the produced product to be 0-0.2 per mill, can expand the temperature cycle range of the optical cable to minus 60 ℃ to plus 80 ℃, and simultaneously improves the consistency and the controllability of the optical fiber index in mechanical property tests such as stretching, repeated bending, flattening and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of optical signal transmission in the mobile communication system technology, in particular to a layer stranded optical cable and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the development of digital industrialization, the intelligent ubiquitous information infrastructure is supported, the construction of base stations is continuously increased, and new requirements are put forward on the demand and the product quality of optical cables. In order to solve the problems possibly occurring in mechanical performance and temperature circulation of the optical cable, the consistency of the actual surplus length of the optical cable becomes a critical parameter index, and how to achieve the consistency of the surplus length of the optical fiber in the pipe, and complete crystallization of the PBT loose tube, and reduce the back shrinkage as much as possible, the invention designs a preparation method of a layer-stranded optical cable by modifying and optimizing optical fiber paying-off devices, oil needles and PBT loose tube crystallization equipment and combining the product structure.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a layer-stranded optical cable for solving the existing problems.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the layer-stranded optical cable.
The invention relates to a layer-twisted optical cable, which comprises a reinforcing member positioned at the central position of the optical cable, wherein a plurality of optical fiber units are uniformly distributed around the periphery of the reinforcing member to form a cable core, cable paste is filled in a gap of the cable core, two layers of binding yarns are alternately wrapped outside the cable core for fixation, and an outer sheath is extruded after a metal armor layer is wrapped outside the binding yarns; the optical fiber unit comprises a PBT loose tube, a plurality of optical fibers are arranged in the PBT loose tube, and fiber paste is filled in a gap between the PBT loose tube and the optical fibers.
Further improving, the length error of the optical fibers is 0-0.2 per mill.
A preparation method of a layer-stranded optical cable comprises the following steps:
1) Firstly, optical fibers are colored through a coloring machine and a coloring mold, the coloring mold is connected with an ink tank through an air pipe, stable pressure is provided through an air valve, the coloring machine adopts a horizontal dual-curing oven structure, and after curing through a UV lamp, the optical fibers with different colors are respectively collected on corresponding optical fiber trays;
2) According to the requirement of setting the number of optical fibers, placing optical fiber trays containing optical fibers with different colors on an optical fiber paying-off device, paying off the optical fibers through the optical fiber paying-off device, feeding the optical fibers into an oil gun, filling the optical fiber paste, and simultaneously performing temperature control treatment on the optical fiber paste;
3) Extruding the PBT loose tube outside the plurality of optical fibers through an extruder after the optical fibers with different colors are filled with the fiber paste, and then carrying out high-temperature crystallization treatment on the PBT loose tube to form a single optical fiber unit;
4) Surrounding a plurality of optical fiber units outside the reinforcing member, performing SZ twisting to form a cable core, filling cable paste in the gap, fixing the twisted cable core through two layers of binding yarns in a crossing and wrapping manner, and then collecting the cable core on the turntable;
5) The cable core is discharged through the pay-off rack, the metal belt is longitudinally wrapped and overlapped to form a metal armor layer, then the machine head of the plastic extruding machine is carried out, the machine head extrudes the sheath material on the metal armor layer through the mold core and the mold sleeve to form an outer sheath, and finally an optical cable is formed and is collected on the coiling tool after being cooled.
Further preferably, the optical fiber paying-off device in the step 2) comprises a disc, wherein a gas converter with a one-in and one-out structure is arranged in the center of the disc, a control compass which is located on the disc and used for wire erection is arranged on the outer side of the gas converter, and a plurality of paying-off mechanisms are arranged on the disc in an equidistant, equal-length and equal-angle mode with a gas bag as the center in a surrounding distribution mode; the paying-off mechanism comprises a guide wheel, a tension control wheel and an optical fiber pay-off frame which are sequentially arranged from inside to outside and on the same horizontal plane;
each air outlet end of the air converter is connected with the tension control wheel through an air pipe, and the air inlet end is connected with the opening and closing control air valve through an air pipe; the opening and closing control air valve is connected with a constant-pressure air bag through an air pipe, a pressure regulating valve is arranged on the constant-pressure air bag, and the constant-pressure air bag is connected with the oil-water separator through the air pipe; the opening and closing control air valve and the pressure regulating valve are respectively connected with the host through power lines;
a plurality of optical fiber pay-off rack speed control branch lines and a plurality of power supply control branch lines are respectively erected on the control compass; each optical fiber pay-off rack speed control branch line is correspondingly connected with an optical fiber pay-off rack, and each power supply control branch line is correspondingly connected with a pressure supplementing air bag;
the speed control branch lines of the optical fiber pay-off frames are connected with the host computer through the speed control bus of the optical fiber pay-off frames, so that the host computer can control the optical fiber pay-off frames;
The optical fiber pressure compensating control valve is connected with the host computer through a power line, so that the pressure compensating air bag is controlled;
According to the tension requirement of the optical fiber pay-off, the corresponding tension and the required tolerance are set on the host, the host adjusts the pressure by controlling the pressure of the constant-pressure air bag, when the air pressure of the optical fiber pay-off frame exceeds the lower limit of the early warning range, the host transmits signals to the optical fiber pressure supplementing control valve, and the host starts the pressure supplementing air bag to supplement pressure according to the appointed optical fiber pay-off frame, when the air pressure of the single optical fiber pay-off frame exceeds the upper limit of the early warning range, the host transmits the signals to the pressure regulating valve of the constant-pressure air bag, and the air pressure is regulated, so that the pressure adjustment of the optical fiber pay-off is realized.
Further optimizing, wherein the oil gun in the step 2) comprises an oil gun seat and an oil needle;
the inside of the oil gun seat is provided with a paste storage cavity, and the front side and the rear side of the paste storage cavity are respectively provided with an inlet wire pipeline and an outlet wire pipeline which are communicated with the paste storage cavity; the periphery of the outer side of the paste storage cavity is connected with transmission pipelines penetrating through the oil gun seat, and each transmission pipeline is provided with a control valve;
the oil needle comprises a fiber paste transition pipe positioned in the center of the oil needle, a plurality of optical fiber transition pipes are equidistantly distributed around the outer side of the fiber paste transition pipe, each optical fiber transition pipe is connected with a fiber paste storage bin through a fiber paste transmission pipeline, and fiber paste enters the optical fiber transition pipe through the fiber paste storage bin;
Each optical fiber transition pipe is inserted into the inlet wire pipeline and connected through a threaded structure, so that the butt joint of the oil gun seat and the oil needle is realized;
And fiber paste is injected into the optical fiber transition pipe, so that the fiber paste prefilling of the optical fiber is realized, then the fiber paste enters the oil gun seat, the fiber paste enters the paste storage cavity through the transmission pipeline by the control valve, and the optical fiber is injected into the PBT loose tube through the outgoing line pipeline after the fiber paste is filled in the paste storage cavity.
Further preferably, the oil gun is also connected with an external conveying pipeline for performing temperature control treatment on the fiber paste, the conveying pipeline comprises an inner pipe for conveying the fiber paste and an outer pipe for conveying hot air, and one end of the outer pipe opposite to the oil gun is connected with a paste supply barrel; the upper part and the lower part of the outer tube are respectively provided with a hot air input end and a hot air output end, the hot air input end and the hot air output end are respectively connected with the constant temperature heater to form a closed loop circulation pipeline, a temperature detector is arranged in the outer tube and used for transmitting real-time temperature to a host, the host sets the temperature control range to 40+/-3 ℃, and when the test temperature is higher than 43 ℃, the host transmits signals to the constant temperature heater to reduce the temperature; when the test temperature is higher than 37 ℃, the host transmits a signal to the constant temperature heater to increase the temperature setting; the stability of the temperature during the transmission of the fiber paste through the pipeline is realized through heat conduction.
Further optimizing, the step 3) is to replace water cooling crystallization treatment with cold air for the PBT loose tube, which comprises the following steps: extruding the PBT loose tube into a complete tube shape, then entering an immersed hot water tank with the water temperature of 65+/-5 ℃, completing the first crystallization of the PBT, sequentially passing through a blow-drying device and a steering wheel, entering a hot air flow circulation tank, and removing water drops on the surface of the PBT loose tube; before entering the refrigeration pipeline, the PBT loose tube enters a blow-drying device again for blow-drying treatment, then enters the refrigeration pipeline, the refrigeration pipeline is cooled by air, the temperature of the circulation pipeline is 18+/-2 ℃, and on the basis of realizing full crystallization, the water drops on the surface of the PBT loose tube are treated again, and finally the crystallization treatment is completed.
Further optimizing, the length of fine cream transition pipe is shorter than the optical fiber transition pipe by 1mm, and fine cream transition pipe is shorter than the optical fiber transition pipe for when optic fibre goes out the optical fiber transition pipe, has fine cream to distribute in promptly, has reduced many optic fibre to central bundling to this reduces the static and the influence of relative friction to tensile that produce among a plurality of optic fibre unwrapping wire processes, has improved the homogeneity of optic fibre surplus length, has stopped simultaneously and has rubbed with fine cream transition pipe and have led to broken fibre possibility.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
The optical fiber pay-off device is arranged in the invention and is of a disc structure, the optical fiber pay-off device comprises N optical fiber pay-off frames, each optical fiber pay-off frame is connected with a bus on the control compass through one optical fiber pay-off frame speed control branch line, and the optical fiber pay-off frame speed control bus on the control compass is connected with the host, so that the speed of the optical fiber pay-off frame can be controlled by adjusting the speed of the host; meanwhile, the optical fiber paying-off device comprises N tension control wheels for tension control and is provided with N corresponding guide wheels, and the angles, the distances, the guidance and the configuration of the N optical fiber paying-off frames, the tension control wheels and the guide wheels are consistent, so that equal length, equal distance and equal friction of optical fiber paying-off can be realized; the N tension control wheels are connected with a gas converter through a gas pipe, the gas pipe is equidistant, equal in length and equal in angle, the consistent path and the consistent length achieve the consistency of gas pressure, the gas converter is connected with an opening and closing control gas valve through the gas pipe, the opening and closing control gas valve is connected with a constant-pressure gas bag through the gas pipe, a pressure regulating valve is arranged on the constant-pressure gas bag, and the constant-pressure gas bag is connected with an oil-water separator through the gas pipe so as to ensure the stability of gas purity and gas pressure, and a host is connected with the opening and closing control gas valve and the pressure regulating valve through a power line; the host controls the opening and closing of the air valve to control the tension switch, and controls the pressure regulating valve to control the tension; the tension control wheel is connected with an optical fiber paying-off tension display of the host machine through a power line, the optical fiber paying-off tension display can display real-time tension of the optical fiber pay-off frames, when the tension of a single optical fiber pay-off frame exceeds the lower limit of an early warning range, the host machine transmits a pressure supplementing signal to the pressure supplementing valves of the corresponding pay-off frames in the optical fiber pressure supplementing control valves through the power line, the optical fiber pressure supplementing control valves contain N pressure supplementing valves which correspond to the N optical fiber pay-off frames respectively, the optical fiber pressure supplementing control valves are connected with a pressure supplementing air bag through the power line, the pressure supplementing air bag is connected with the tension control wheel through an air pipe and is subjected to tension supplementing through air pressure increase, and when the tension of the optical fiber pay-off frames is displayed in the early warning range, the host machine transmits a pressure supplementing stopping signal to the pressure supplementing valve of the corresponding pay-off frames in the optical fiber pressure supplementing control valves through the power line, and the optical fiber pressure supplementing control valves are closed, and the pressure supplementing air bag stops pressure supplementing; when the tension of a single optical fiber pay-off rack exceeds the upper limit of the early warning range, the host computer can increase the pressure of the pressure regulating valve by controlling the pressure regulating valve, and the same pressure stabilizing air bag 1-N distribution is realized by the gas converter, so that the uniformity of the pressure of the single element is improved by the 1-N distribution, and the simultaneous pressurization of N optical fiber pay-off racks is realized.
The viscosity of the fiber paste is increased along with the reduction of temperature, the fluidity is also reduced, the viscosity and the fluidity of the fiber paste influence the consistency of the residual length in the fiber filling process and the fiber sliding after loose tube molding, in order to reduce the influence of temperature difference on the fiber paste, a conveying pipeline is arranged, a double-layer structure is adopted, an inner tube conveys ointment and an outer tube conveys hot air, the upper part and the lower part of the outer tube are respectively provided with a hot air leading-in end and a hot air leading-out end, the leading-in end and the hot air leading-out end are respectively connected with a constant-temperature heater to form a closed loop circulation pipeline, a temperature detector is arranged in the outer tube, the temperature detector conveys real-time temperature to a host, the host sets the temperature control range to 40+/-3 ℃, and when the test temperature is higher than 43 ℃, the host transmits signals to the constant-temperature heater to reduce the temperature; when the test temperature is higher than 37 ℃, the host transmits a signal to the constant temperature heater to increase the temperature setting; the stability of the temperature during the transmission of the fiber paste through the pipeline is realized through heat conduction.
The arrangement of the oil gun realizes the pre-filling of the fiber paste of the optical fibers, reduces the influence of static electricity and relative friction generated in the paying-off process of a plurality of optical fibers on tension, and improves the uniformity of the residual length of the optical fibers. Compared with the optical fiber transition tube, the optical fiber paste transition tube is 1mm less, and is shorter than the optical fiber transition tube, so that when the optical fiber exits the optical fiber transition tube, the optical fiber paste is distributed in the optical fiber transition tube, and the bundling of a plurality of optical fibers towards the center is reduced, thereby reducing the influence of static electricity and relative friction generated in the paying-off process of the optical fibers on tension, improving the uniformity of the residual length of the optical fibers, and simultaneously avoiding the possibility of fiber breakage caused by friction with the optical fiber paste transition tube in the paying-off process of the optical fibers.
Air cooling is used for replacing water cooling to realize full crystallization of the PBT loose tube; the cold air is used for replacing water cooling, so that the influence of water resistance in the water cooling process and water inversion formed in the water flow process on the excessive length forming of the PBT loose tube is solved, and the uniformity of the excessive length is improved; the constant temperature refrigerator is adopted to supply air to the refrigeration pipeline, so that the problem of water temperature difference in water cooling is solved, and the consistency of temperature in the refrigeration process is improved, thereby improving the consistency of residual length; meanwhile, the refrigeration pipeline adopts circulation refrigeration, the injected cold air enters the constant temperature refrigerator after being filtered by the dryer, so that the circulation utilization is formed, the dryness of the air is ensured, and the influence of residual water vapor on the surface of the PBT loose tube on the next procedure is avoided; the air cooling is used for replacing water cooling, so that resistance and friction force generated by impurities and scale in water remained on a bearing of a steering wheel are avoided, the consistency of stress in the crystallization process of the PBT loose tube is ensured, and the consistency of the residual length is improved; the air cooling is used for replacing water cooling, so that the possibility of a series of water drops generated by condensation, residue and the like on the surface of the PBT loose tube in the traditional water cooling process is avoided, meanwhile, the blow-drying length is prolonged to the whole air cooling path from the traditional blow-drying device, and the control is carried out from two links of water drops generation and elimination, so that the formed PBT loose tube surface does not contain water drops.
In summary, the invention optimizes the transformation and the process of the optical fiber paying-off device, the oil needle and the PBT loose tube crystallization equipment, so that the surplus length of the optical fiber in the tube is consistent, the PBT loose tube is completely crystallized, the shrinkage after the tube sleeve is reduced, the surplus length of the produced product is controlled to be 0-0.2 per mill, the temperature cycle range of the optical cable can be expanded to minus 60 ℃ to +80 ℃, and the consistency and the controllability of the optical fiber index in mechanical property tests such as stretching, repeated bending and flattening are improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an optical fiber pay-off device according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the oil gun base of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the oil needle of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a transfer piping apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of the crystallization apparatus according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.
As shown in fig. 1, the invention provides a layer-twisted optical cable, which comprises a reinforcing member 1 positioned at the center of the optical cable, wherein a plurality of optical fiber units are uniformly distributed around the periphery of the reinforcing member to form a cable core, cable paste 2 is filled in a gap of the cable core, two layers of binding yarns 3 are alternately wrapped outside the cable core for fixing, a metal armor layer 4 is wrapped outside the binding yarns, and then an outer sheath 8 is extruded; the optical fiber unit comprises a PBT loose tube 5, a plurality of optical fibers 6 are arranged in the PBT loose tube, and fiber paste 7 is filled in a gap between the PBT loose tube and the optical fibers.
The length error of the optical fibers is 0-0.2 per mill.
A preparation method of a layer-stranded optical cable comprises the following steps:
1) Firstly, optical fibers are colored through a coloring machine and a coloring mold, the coloring mold is connected with an ink tank through an air pipe, stable pressure is provided through an air valve, the coloring machine adopts a horizontal dual-curing oven structure, and after curing through a UV lamp, the optical fibers with different colors are respectively collected on corresponding optical fiber trays;
2) According to the requirement of setting the number of optical fibers, placing optical fiber trays containing optical fibers with different colors on an optical fiber paying-off device, paying off the optical fibers through the optical fiber paying-off device, feeding the optical fibers into an oil gun, filling the optical fiber paste, and simultaneously performing temperature control treatment on the optical fiber paste;
3) Extruding the PBT loose tubes outside the optical fibers through an extruder after the optical fibers with different colors are filled with the fiber paste, and then carrying out cold air substitution water cooling crystallization treatment on the PBT loose tubes to form a single optical fiber unit;
4) Surrounding a plurality of optical fiber units outside the reinforcing member, performing SZ twisting to form a cable core, filling cable paste in the gap, fixing the twisted cable core through two layers of binding yarns in a crossing and wrapping manner, and then collecting the cable core on the turntable;
5) The cable core is discharged through the pay-off rack, the metal belt is longitudinally wrapped and overlapped to form a metal armor layer, then the machine head of the plastic extruding machine is carried out, the machine head extrudes the sheath material on the metal armor layer through the mold core and the mold sleeve to form an outer sheath, and finally an optical cable is formed and is collected on the coiling tool after being cooled.
Examples:
A preparation method of a layer-stranded optical cable comprises the following steps:
1) Firstly, optical fibers are colored through a coloring machine and a coloring mold, the coloring mold is connected with an ink tank through an air pipe, stable pressure is provided through an air valve, the coloring machine adopts a horizontal dual-curing oven structure, and after curing through a UV lamp, the optical fibers with different colors are respectively collected on corresponding optical fiber trays;
2) According to the requirement of setting the number of optical fibers, placing optical fiber trays containing optical fibers with different colors on an optical fiber paying-off device, paying off the optical fibers through the optical fiber paying-off device, feeding the optical fibers into an oil gun, filling the optical fiber paste, and simultaneously performing temperature control treatment on the optical fiber paste;
The optical fiber paying-off device comprises a disc, wherein the center of the disc is provided with a gas converter 9 with a one-inlet-one-outlet structure, the outer side of the gas converter is provided with a control compass 10 which is located on the disc and used for wire erection, and a plurality of paying-off mechanisms are arranged on the disc in an equidistant, equal-length and equal-angle mode by taking a gas bag as the center and adopting a surrounding distribution mode; the paying-off mechanism comprises a guide wheel 11, a tension control wheel 12 and an optical fiber pay-off frame 13 which are sequentially arranged from inside to outside and on the same horizontal plane;
Each air outlet end of the air converter is connected with a tension control wheel for tension control through an air pipe, and the air inlet end is connected with an opening and closing control air valve 14 through the air pipe; the opening and closing control air valve is connected with a constant pressure air bag 15 through an air pipe, a pressure regulating valve 16 is arranged on the constant pressure air bag, the constant pressure air bag is connected with an oil-water separator 17 through the air pipe so as to ensure the purity of air and the stability of air pressure, an optical fiber pay-off rack tension display is arranged on the host, and the pressure compensating device is controlled by an optical fiber pressure compensating valve to compensate the pressure of the optical fiber pay-off rack so as to realize the online adjustment of tension; the opening and closing control air valve and the pressure regulating valve are respectively connected with the host 18 through power lines, the host controls the opening and closing of the tension by controlling the opening and closing control air valve, and controls the tension by controlling the pressure regulating valve;
A plurality of optical fiber pay-off rack speed control branch lines and a plurality of power supply control branch lines are respectively erected on the control compass; each optical fiber pay-off rack speed control branch line is correspondingly connected with an optical fiber pay-off rack, and each power supply control branch line is correspondingly connected with a pressure supplementing air bag 19;
The speed control branch lines of the optical fiber pay-off rack are connected with the host through the speed control bus of the optical fiber pay-off rack, so that the speed of the optical fiber pay-off rack can be controlled by adjusting the speed of the host;
the multiple power supply control branch lines are connected with an optical fiber pressure compensating control valve 20 through a power supply control bus, and the optical fiber pressure compensating control valve is connected with a host through a power supply line, so that the control of a pressure compensating air bag is realized;
According to the requirement of the tension of the optical fiber pay-off, setting corresponding tension and required tolerance on a host, performing pressure regulation by the host through controlling the pressure of a constant-pressure air bag, transmitting a signal to an optical fiber pressure supplementing control valve by the host when the air pressure of the optical fiber pay-off frame exceeds the lower limit of an early warning range, starting the pressure supplementing air bag to supplement pressure according to a specified optical fiber pay-off frame, transmitting the signal to a pressure regulating valve of the constant-pressure air bag by the host when the air pressure of a single optical fiber pay-off frame exceeds the upper limit of the early warning range, and regulating the air pressure, thereby realizing the pressure regulation of the optical fiber pay-off;
in addition, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the oil gun includes an oil gun base 22 and an oil needle 23;
the inside of the oil gun seat 22 is provided with a paste storage cavity 24, and the front side and the rear side of the paste storage cavity are respectively provided with an inlet wire pipeline 25 and an outlet wire pipeline 26 which are communicated with the paste storage cavity; the periphery of the outer side of the paste storage cavity is connected with transmission pipelines 27 penetrating through the oil gun seat, and each transmission pipeline is provided with a control valve 28;
the oil needle 23 comprises a fiber paste transition pipe 29 positioned in the center of the oil needle, a plurality of optical fiber transition pipes 30 are equidistantly distributed around the outside of the fiber paste transition pipe, each optical fiber transition pipe is connected with a fiber paste storage bin 31 through a fiber paste transmission pipeline 32, and fiber paste enters the optical fiber transition pipe through the fiber paste storage bin;
After each optical fiber transition pipe is inserted into the inlet wire pipeline, the oil gun seat is connected with the oil needle through a threaded structure, so that the oil gun seat and the oil needle are in butt joint;
The fiber paste is injected into the fiber transition pipe, so that the fiber paste of the fiber is pre-filled, then enters the oil gun seat, enters the paste storage cavity through the transmission pipeline by the control valve, and is injected into the PBT loose tube through the outgoing line pipeline after being filled in the fiber paste through the paste storage cavity;
As shown in fig. 5, the oil gun is also connected with an external conveying pipeline device for performing temperature control treatment on the fiber paste, and the conveying pipeline device is communicated with the paste storage cavity, and comprises an inner pipe 32 for conveying the fiber paste and an outer pipe 33 for conveying hot air, and one end of the outer pipe opposite to the oil gun is connected with a paste supply barrel 34; the upper part and the lower part of the outer tube are respectively provided with a hot air input end 35 and a hot air output end 36, the hot air input end and the hot air output end are respectively connected with the constant temperature heater to form a closed loop circulation pipeline, a temperature detector 37 is arranged in the outer tube and used for transmitting real-time temperature to a host, the host sets the temperature control range to 40+/-3 ℃, and when the test temperature is higher than 43 ℃, the host transmits signals to the constant temperature heater to reduce the temperature; when the test temperature is higher than 37 ℃, the host transmits a signal to the constant temperature heater to increase the temperature setting; the stability of the temperature during the transmission of the fiber paste through the pipeline is realized through heat conduction;
3) Extruding the PBT loose tube outside the plurality of optical fibers through an extruder after the optical fibers with different colors are filled with the fiber paste, and then crystallizing the PBT loose tube to form a single optical fiber unit;
Wherein, replace water-cooling crystallization treatment with cold wind to PBT loose tube, specifically: extruding the PBT loose tube into a complete tube shape, then entering an immersed hot water tank with the water temperature of 65+/-5 ℃, completing the first crystallization of the PBT, sequentially passing through a blow-drying device and a steering wheel, entering a hot air flow circulation tank, and removing water drops on the surface of the PBT loose tube; before entering a refrigeration pipeline, the PBT loose tube enters a blow-drying device again for blow-drying treatment, then enters the refrigeration pipeline, the refrigeration pipeline is cooled by air, the temperature of the circulation pipeline is 18+/-2 ℃, and on the basis of realizing full crystallization, the water drops on the surface of the PBT loose tube are treated again, and finally the crystallization treatment is completed;
4) Surrounding a plurality of optical fiber units outside the reinforcing member, performing SZ twisting to form a cable core, filling cable paste in the gap, fixing the twisted cable core through two layers of binding yarns in a crossing and wrapping manner, and then collecting the cable core on the turntable;
5) The cable core is discharged through the pay-off rack, the metal belt is longitudinally wrapped and overlapped to form a metal armor layer, then the machine head of the plastic extruding machine is carried out, the machine head extrudes the sheath material on the metal armor layer through the mold core and the mold sleeve to form an outer sheath, and finally an optical cable is formed and is collected on the coiling tool after being cooled.
The angles, distances, guiding and configuration of the plurality of optical fiber pay-off frames, the tension control wheels and the guide wheels in the step 2) are consistent, and equal length, equal distance and equal friction of optical fiber pay-off can be realized; the air pipes connected between the tension control wheel and the gas converter are equidistant, equal in length and equal in angle, and the uniform path and length achieve uniform gas pressure.
In the step 3), the PBT loose tube is crystallized by a temperature difference method, so that the surplus length is controlled; as shown in FIG. 6, the high-temperature crystallization equipment adopts a two-stage layered design, the lower layer is designed for an immersed hot water tank 38, the water temperature is 65+/-5 ℃, the immersed hot water tank design promotes the rapid crystallization of PBT, and meanwhile, the PBT material with high temperature just outside the machine head is rapidly cooled, so that heat accumulation is reduced; the upper layer is designed for a hot air circulation tank 39, stable hot air at 65 ℃ +/-5 ℃ is provided for the hot air circulation tank through a constant temperature heater 40, equal air flows are provided at the upper end and the lower end of the hot air circulation tank through a hot air output pipeline 41 respectively, the hot air is sprayed out through a plurality of hot air output nozzles, the uniform distribution of the hot air output nozzles up and down and left and right maintains the uniform and stable temperature of each section in the whole hot air circulation tank, the sprayed hot air flows into a dryer 42 through a hot air recovery pipeline, so that the dryness of the air in the hot air circulation tank is ensured, and the dried hot air is recovered to the constant temperature heater to form a circulation link; a blow-drying device 43 is respectively arranged at the outlet of the hot water tank and the inlet of the hot air circulation tank for removing water drops on the surface of the PBT loose tube, a water accumulation tank and a drainage pipeline are additionally arranged at the inlet of the hot air circulation tank for discharging the water drops, so that the increase of humidity in the hot air circulation tank caused by the volatilization of the water drops is reduced (if the water drops are contained on the surface of the PBT loose tube and are arranged at the cable-forming sheath, the water drops can remain at the cable core and easily cause the decay of the metal armor layer for a long time, if the water blocking element exists in the cable core, the water blocking element can easily expand when contacting water, the water blocking performance is weakened, and meanwhile, a series of problems such as the increase of the attenuation of the optical fiber, the service life reduction and the like are easily caused by the contact of OH & lt- & gt; before entering a refrigeration pipeline, the PBT loose tube enters a blow-drying device again for blow-drying treatment, then enters the refrigeration pipeline, the refrigeration pipeline adopts a constant-sink refrigerator 44, the temperature of the circulation pipeline is 18+/-2 ℃, and on the basis of realizing full crystallization, the water drops on the surface of the PBT loose tube are treated again, and finally the crystallization treatment is completed.
In summary, the invention optimizes the transformation and the process of the optical fiber paying-off device, the oil needle and the PBT loose tube crystallization equipment, so that the surplus length of the optical fiber in the tube is consistent, the PBT loose tube is completely crystallized, the shrinkage after the tube sleeve is reduced, the surplus length of the produced product is controlled to be 0-0.2 per mill, the temperature cycle range of the optical cable can be expanded to minus 60 ℃ to +80 ℃, and the consistency and the controllability of the optical fiber index in mechanical property tests such as stretching, repeated bending and flattening are improved.
The present invention has been described in terms of the preferred embodiments thereof, and it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the invention, and such modifications should also be considered as being within the scope of the invention.
Claims (3)
1. A preparation method of a layer-stranded optical cable comprises a reinforcing member positioned at the center of the optical cable, wherein a plurality of optical fiber units are uniformly distributed around the periphery of the reinforcing member to form a cable core, cable paste is filled in a gap of the cable core, two layers of binding yarns are crossly wrapped outside the cable core for fixation, and an outer sheath is extruded after a metal armor layer is wrapped outside the binding yarns; the optical fiber unit comprises a PBT loose tube, a plurality of optical fibers are arranged in the PBT loose tube, and fiber paste is filled in a gap between the PBT loose tube and the optical fibers; the preparation method of the layer-stranding optical cable is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
1) Firstly, optical fibers are colored through a coloring machine and a coloring mold, the coloring mold is connected with an ink tank through an air pipe, stable pressure is provided through an air valve, the coloring machine adopts a horizontal dual-curing oven structure, and after curing through a UV lamp, the optical fibers with different colors are respectively collected on corresponding optical fiber trays;
2) According to the requirement of setting the number of optical fibers, placing optical fiber trays containing optical fibers with different colors on an optical fiber paying-off device, paying off the optical fibers through the optical fiber paying-off device, feeding the optical fibers into an oil gun, filling the optical fiber paste, and simultaneously performing temperature control treatment on the optical fiber paste;
The optical fiber paying-off device comprises a disc, wherein a gas converter with a one-in and one-out structure is arranged in the center of the disc, a control compass which is located on the disc and used for wiring is arranged on the outer side of the gas converter, and a plurality of paying-off mechanisms which are equidistant, equal in length and equal in angle are arranged on the disc in a surrounding distribution mode by taking a gas bag as the center; the paying-off mechanism comprises a guide wheel, a tension control wheel and an optical fiber pay-off frame which are sequentially arranged from inside to outside and on the same horizontal plane;
each air outlet end of the air converter is connected with the tension control wheel through an air pipe, and the air inlet end is connected with the opening and closing control air valve through an air pipe; the opening and closing control air valve is connected with a constant-pressure air bag through an air pipe, a pressure regulating valve is arranged on the constant-pressure air bag, and the constant-pressure air bag is connected with the oil-water separator through the air pipe; the opening and closing control air valve and the pressure regulating valve are respectively connected with the host through power lines;
a plurality of optical fiber pay-off rack speed control branch lines and a plurality of power supply control branch lines are respectively erected on the control compass; each optical fiber pay-off rack speed control branch line is correspondingly connected with an optical fiber pay-off rack, and each power supply control branch line is correspondingly connected with a pressure supplementing air bag;
the speed control branch lines of the optical fiber pay-off frames are connected with the host computer through the speed control bus of the optical fiber pay-off frames, so that the host computer can control the optical fiber pay-off frames;
The optical fiber pressure compensating control valve is connected with the host computer through a power line, so that the pressure compensating air bag is controlled;
According to the requirement of the tension of the optical fiber pay-off, setting corresponding tension and required tolerance on a host, performing pressure regulation by the host through controlling the pressure of a constant-pressure air bag, transmitting a signal to an optical fiber pressure supplementing control valve by the host when the air pressure of the optical fiber pay-off frame exceeds the lower limit of an early warning range, starting the pressure supplementing air bag to supplement pressure according to a specified optical fiber pay-off frame, transmitting the signal to a pressure regulating valve of the constant-pressure air bag by the host when the air pressure of a single optical fiber pay-off frame exceeds the upper limit of the early warning range, and regulating the air pressure, thereby realizing the pressure regulation of the optical fiber pay-off;
The oil gun comprises an oil gun seat and an oil needle;
the inside of the oil gun seat is provided with a paste storage cavity, and the front side and the rear side of the paste storage cavity are respectively provided with an inlet wire pipeline and an outlet wire pipeline which are communicated with the paste storage cavity; the periphery of the outer side of the paste storage cavity is connected with transmission pipelines penetrating through the oil gun seat, and each transmission pipeline is provided with a control valve;
the oil needle comprises a fiber paste transition pipe positioned in the center of the oil needle, a plurality of optical fiber transition pipes are equidistantly distributed around the outer side of the fiber paste transition pipe, each optical fiber transition pipe is connected with a fiber paste storage bin through a fiber paste transmission pipeline, and fiber paste enters the optical fiber transition pipe through the fiber paste storage bin;
Each optical fiber transition pipe is inserted into the inlet wire pipeline and connected through a threaded structure, so that the butt joint of the oil gun seat and the oil needle is realized;
The fiber paste is injected into the fiber transition pipe, so that the fiber paste of the fiber is pre-filled, then enters the oil gun seat, enters the paste storage cavity through the transmission pipeline by the control valve, and is injected into the PBT loose tube through the outgoing line pipeline after being filled in the fiber paste through the paste storage cavity;
The oil gun is also connected with an external conveying pipeline for carrying out temperature control treatment on the fiber paste, the conveying pipeline comprises an inner pipe for conveying the fiber paste and an outer pipe for conveying hot air, and one end of the outer pipe opposite to the oil gun is connected with a paste supply barrel; the upper part and the lower part of the outer tube are respectively provided with a hot air input end and a hot air output end, the hot air input end and the hot air output end are respectively connected with the constant temperature heater to form a closed loop circulation pipeline, a temperature detector is arranged in the outer tube and used for transmitting real-time temperature to a host, the host sets the temperature control range to 40+/-3 ℃, and when the test temperature is higher than 43 ℃, the host transmits signals to the constant temperature heater to reduce the temperature; when the test temperature is higher than 37 ℃, the host transmits a signal to the constant temperature heater to increase the temperature setting;
3) Extruding the PBT loose tube outside the plurality of optical fibers through an extruder after the optical fibers with different colors are filled with the fiber paste, and then carrying out high-temperature crystallization treatment on the PBT loose tube to form a single optical fiber unit;
Wherein, the PBT loose tube is subjected to cold air instead of water cooling crystallization treatment, specifically: extruding the PBT loose tube into a complete tube shape, then entering an immersed hot water tank with the water temperature of 65+/-5 ℃, completing the first crystallization of the PBT, sequentially passing through a blow-drying device and a steering wheel, entering a hot air flow circulation tank, and removing water drops on the surface of the PBT loose tube; before entering a refrigeration pipeline, the PBT loose tube enters a blow-drying device again for blow-drying treatment, then enters the refrigeration pipeline, the refrigeration pipeline is cooled by air, the temperature of the circulation pipeline is 18+/-2 ℃, and on the basis of realizing full crystallization, the water drops on the surface of the PBT loose tube are treated again, and finally the crystallization treatment is completed;
4) Surrounding a plurality of optical fiber units outside the reinforcing member, performing SZ twisting to form a cable core, filling cable paste in the gap, fixing the twisted cable core through two layers of binding yarns in a crossing and wrapping manner, and then collecting the cable core on the turntable;
5) The cable core is discharged through the pay-off rack, the metal belt is longitudinally wrapped and overlapped to form a metal armor layer, then the machine head of the plastic extruding machine is carried out, the machine head extrudes the sheath material on the metal armor layer through the mold core and the mold sleeve to form an outer sheath, and finally an optical cable is formed and is collected on the coiling tool after being cooled.
2. The method of making a layer twisted fiber optic cable according to claim 1, wherein: the length error of the optical fibers is 0-0.2 per mill.
3. The method of making a layer twisted fiber optic cable according to claim 1, wherein: the length of the fiber paste transition tube is 1mm shorter than that of the fiber paste transition tube.
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