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CN114427489A - 用于机动车辆的排气系统、用于操作其的方法、机动车辆 - Google Patents

用于机动车辆的排气系统、用于操作其的方法、机动车辆 Download PDF

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CN114427489A
CN114427489A CN202110931609.0A CN202110931609A CN114427489A CN 114427489 A CN114427489 A CN 114427489A CN 202110931609 A CN202110931609 A CN 202110931609A CN 114427489 A CN114427489 A CN 114427489A
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exhaust gas
gas burner
exhaust system
exhaust
pressure sensor
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S·海明格
R·费舍尔
S·莱希特
L·恩金
M·蒂默
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Volkswagen Automotive Co ltd
Dr Ing HCF Porsche AG
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Dr Ing HCF Porsche AG
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F01N3/2006—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating
    • F01N3/2033—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating using a fuel burner or introducing fuel into exhaust duct
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N11/00—Monitoring or diagnostic devices for exhaust-gas treatment apparatus, e.g. for catalytic activity
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N11/00—Monitoring or diagnostic devices for exhaust-gas treatment apparatus, e.g. for catalytic activity
    • F01N11/002—Monitoring or diagnostic devices for exhaust-gas treatment apparatus, e.g. for catalytic activity the diagnostic devices measuring or estimating temperature or pressure in, or downstream of the exhaust apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
    • F01N13/0093—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series the purifying devices are of the same type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
    • F01N3/025—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using fuel burner or by adding fuel to exhaust
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N9/00—Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
    • F01N2240/14—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being a fuel burner
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2250/00—Combinations of different methods of purification
    • F01N2250/02—Combinations of different methods of purification filtering and catalytic conversion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2560/00—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics
    • F01N2560/06—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics the means being a temperature sensor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2560/00—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics
    • F01N2560/08—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics the means being a pressure sensor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F01N2900/06—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
    • F01N2900/14—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing said parameters being related to the exhaust gas
    • F01N2900/1406—Exhaust gas pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F01N2900/06—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
    • F01N2900/16—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing said parameters being related to the exhaust apparatus, e.g. particulate filter or catalyst
    • F01N2900/1602—Temperature of exhaust gas apparatus
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/40—Engine management systems

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Processes For Solid Components From Exhaust (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)

Abstract

提供一种用于机动车辆(100)的排气系统(1)，其中排气系统(1)具有废气燃烧器(2)，其中排气系统(1)具有用于感测废气燃烧器(2)中的火焰形成的压力传感器(3)。还提出了一种方法和一种机动车辆(100)。

Description

用于机动车辆的排气系统、用于操作其的方法、机动车辆
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于机动车辆的排气系统、一种用于操作排气系统的方法和一种机动车辆。
背景技术
为了满足对包含内燃机的机动车辆的环境友好性的日益增长的要求，内燃机废气在排气系统中的处理变得越来越复杂。现代机动车辆具有复杂的排气系统，其各个组件对优化机动车辆的性能和净化废气做出高效贡献。
特别是对废气净化组件(例如催化转换器或颗粒过滤器)提出了很高的要求。为了满足这些要求，废气净化组件运行的边界条件必须正确。例如，催化转化器的效率取决于它们的温度。特别是当机动车辆从冷态启动时，催化转换器的温度通常低于所谓的起燃温度，从该温度起催化转换器以高效率工作。其他废气净化组件，尤其是颗粒过滤器，必须不时地达到再生温度，以便清除沉积在那里的炭黑颗粒。
为了快速且有针对性地达到这些高温，排气系统通常具有废气燃烧器。燃料-空气混合物在废气燃烧器中被点燃，并且来自燃料-空气混合物燃烧的热废气被引导至待加热点，例如催化转化器或颗粒过滤器。
为此，燃烧用空气通常通过送风段供应给废气燃烧器，而燃料通过燃料管线供应。燃烧用空气和燃料在燃烧室中混合并用点火器点燃。为确保排气系统正常运行，重要的是在废气燃烧器中监控点火，即火焰的形成。温度传感器通常反应缓慢。此外，对于温度传感器而言，为了获取有关火焰形成的精确结论，温度传感器在废气燃烧器上的布置位置极其关键。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种排气系统，其不具有现有技术的上述缺点，但能够稳健且精确地感测废气燃烧器中的火焰形成。
本发明用以达成上述目的的解决方案为一种用于机动车辆的排气系统，其中所述排气系统具有废气燃烧器，其中所述排气系统具有用于感测废气燃烧器中的火焰形成的压力传感器。
根据本发明的排气系统通过在废气燃烧器中形成火焰时刻的压力变化精确且明确地感测火焰形成。与温度传感器相比，在通过压力传感器检测火焰形成时，不会出现因温度传感器的延迟升温而造成的延时。此外，压力传感器的布局重要性显著降低，因此压力传感器也可以布置得离废气燃烧器的燃烧室更远，从而很好地被保护，以免受到燃烧所产生的热的影响。
本发明的有益技术方案和进一步方案参阅附属权利要求以及参照附图所作的描述。
根据本发明的一个优选实施方式，所述排气系统具有用于将燃烧用空气引入废气燃烧器中的送风段，其中压力传感器布置在所述送风段中并且尤其布置在废气燃烧器的燃烧室之外。借此既能最优地利用现有结构空间，又能保护压力传感器，以免其被过大的热影响。
根据本发明的另一优选实施方式，所述排气系统具有另一压力传感器，其中所述另外的压力传感器布置在所述废气燃烧器的排气段中，其中所述压力传感器和所述另外的压力传感器被配置为测定所述送风段和所述排气段之间的压差。通过测定废气燃烧器上游的压力和测定废气燃烧器下游的压力，能够通过压差非常精确地推断出火焰形成。
根据本发明的另一优选实施方式，所述排气系统具有布置在废气燃烧器中、优选地布置在燃烧室中的光学传感器。这有利地实现了对火焰形成感测的光学检查。
根据本发明的另一优选实施方式，所述送风段具有用于将空气输送到废气燃烧器中的空气泵，其中所述压力传感器布置在空气泵和废气燃烧器之间，其中所述压力传感器优选地布置在空气泵和送风段的阀之间。这有利地确保压力传感器可以检测由火焰形成产生的压力变化。所述空气泵优选是可调节的，从而能够将更多或更少的空气输送到废气燃烧器中。该阀优选地是止回阀，其防止来自废气燃烧器的燃料-空气混合物进入送风段。送风段优选具有空气过滤器。
根据本发明的另一优选实施方式，所述压力传感器设计为用于检测压力和温度的双传感器。这使得可以以有利的方式测量引入废气燃烧器的空气的温度。
为此，优选地，所述排气系统具有用于感测废气燃烧器的废气温度的温度传感器。这样便能有利地测量流入废气燃烧器的空气和流出废气燃烧器的废气之间的温差，进而能够对通过压力传感器进行的火焰形成感测进行检查。
本发明用以达成开篇所述目的的另一解决方案是一种用于操作机动车辆的排气系统的方法，其中通过压力传感器感测排气系统的废气燃烧器中的火焰形成。
借助本发明的方法能够精确地感测废气燃烧器中火焰的形成。与通过温度变化的感测不同，在本发明的方法中识别火焰形成时，不会出现因温度传感器的延迟升温而造成的延时。此外，与使用现有技术中已知的温度传感器的基于温度的感测的情况相比，压力感测的位置关键性低得多。
根据本发明的另一优选实施方式，通过所述压力传感器感测所述用于将燃烧用空气引入废气燃烧器的送风段内的空气压力。这确保了压力传感器受到良好保护，以免被废气燃烧器上的过大的热影响。
根据本发明的另一优选实施方式，基于废气燃烧器的送风段和排气段之间的压差来感测火焰形成。借此实现另一极精确地确定火焰形成的途径。
根据本发明的另一优选实施方式，通过以下方式额外地感测火焰的形成：
-在废气燃烧器的燃烧室内以光学方式，和/或
-通过流入废气燃烧器的空气和流出废气燃烧器的废气之间的温差，和/或
-通过机动车辆的爆震传感器以声学方式。
借此能够有利地对基于压力的火焰形成感测进行良好检查。特别地，爆震传感器的使用被证明是有利的，因为它通常存在于机动车辆中并且因此不必使用其他部件。
根据本发明的另一优选实施方式，使用根据本发明的排气系统。
本发明用以达成开篇所述目的的另一解决方案是一种具有本发明的排气系统的机动车辆。
先前结合本发明的排气系统揭示的所有细节、特征和优点同样适用于本发明的机动车辆和本发明的方法。
附图说明
本发明的更多细节、特征和优点参阅附图以及下文结合附图对优选实施方式所作的描述。附图仅示出了本发明的示例性实施方式，这些实施方式并不限制本发明的概念。
图1示意性地示出了根据本发明的一个示例性实施方式的排气系统。
图2示意性地示出了根据本发明的一个示例性实施方式的机动车辆。
具体实施方式
图1示意性地示出了根据本发明的一个示例性实施方式的排气系统1。排气系统1将机动车辆的内燃机13的废气导出，并在第一催化转化器14、第二催化转化器15和颗粒过滤器16中净化它们。
为了使第二催化转化器15和颗粒过滤器16例如在冷启动后快速且精确地达到特定温度，排气系统1具有废气燃烧器2。通过燃料管线17和送风段4将燃料或燃烧用空气引入废气燃烧器2的燃烧室5。燃烧用空气和燃料的混合物然后在燃烧室5中被点燃并燃烧。在此情形下产生的热废气通过排气段6被引导至第二催化转化器15和颗粒过滤器16并对其进行加热。
为了精确调节排气系统1，关键之处在于监控废气燃烧器2中的燃烧，尤其是火焰形成。为此，排气系统1具有压力传感器3。压力传感器3布置在送风段4中，并且与废气燃烧器2间隔一定距离，从而保护压力传感器3免受燃烧室5中产生的热量的影响。如果燃烧用空气和燃料的混合物在燃烧室5中点燃并且在此过程中形成火焰，则可通过压力传感器3检测出压力的变化。
除了压力传感器3之外，送风段4还具有用于净化燃烧用空气的空气过滤器12、用于产生流向废气燃烧器2的气流的空气泵8和阀9。压力传感器3布置在空气泵8和设计为止回阀的阀9之间。这样一来，压力传感器3能够检测因火焰形成而产生的压力变化。
在废气燃烧器2的排气段6中设有另一压力传感器3'。因此可以与压力传感器3一起确定废气燃烧器2两端的压差。这也使得能够极其精确地感测燃烧室5中的火焰形成。
此外，排气段6具有用于测量废气燃烧器2的废气温度的温度传感器10。压力传感器3优选设计为用于测定压力和温度的双传感器。因此，通过测定送风段4中的温度和废气燃烧器2的废气温度，还可以利用压力传感器3和温度传感器10来推断火焰形成，并借此检查基于压力的火焰形成感测。为了检查基于压力的火焰形成感测，废气燃烧器2在燃烧室5中还具有光学传感器7。还可以通过机动车辆的爆震传感器(见图2)从声学上推断火焰形成。
图2示意性地示出了根据本发明的一个示例性实施方式的机动车辆100。机动车辆100具有内燃机13和根据本发明的一个示例性实施方式的排气系统1。借助爆震传感器11以声学方式检验排气系统1的废气燃烧室中的火焰形成感测。
附图标记表
1 排气系统
2 废气燃烧器
3 压力传感器
3' 另一压力传感器
4 送风段
5 燃烧室
6 排气段
7 光学传感器
8 空气泵
9 阀
10 温度传感器
11 爆震传感器
12 空气过滤器
13 内燃机
14 第一催化转化器
15 第二催化转化器
16 颗粒过滤器
17 燃料管线
100 机动车辆。

Claims (13)

1.一种用于机动车辆(100)的排气系统(1)，其中所述排气系统(1)具有废气燃烧器(2)，其特征在于，所述排气系统(1)具有用于感测废气燃烧器(2)中的火焰形成的压力传感器(3)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的排气系统(1)，其特征在于，所述排气系统(1)具有用于将燃烧用空气引入所述废气燃烧器(2)的送风段(4)，其中所述压力传感器(3)布置在所述送风段(4)中并且特别是布置在废气燃烧器(2)的燃烧室(5)外部。
3.根据权利要求2所述的排气系统(1)，其特征在于，所述排气系统(1)具有另一压力传感器(3')，其中所述另外的压力传感器(3')布置在所述废气燃烧器(2)的排气段(6)中，其中所述压力传感器(3)和所述另外的压力传感器(3')被配置为测定送风段(4)和排气段(6)之间的压差。
4.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的排气系统(1)，其特征在于，所述排气系统(1)具有布置在所述废气燃烧器(2)中、优选地布置在所述燃烧室(5)中的光学传感器(7)。
5.根据权利要求2至4中任一项所述的排气系统(1)，其特征在于，所述送风段(4)具有用于将空气输送到所述废气燃烧器(2)中的空气泵(8)，其中所述压力传感器(3)布置在所述空气泵(8)和废气燃烧器(2)之间，其中压力传感器(3)优选布置在空气泵(8)和送风段(4)的阀(9)之间。
6.根据权利要求2至5中任一项所述的排气系统(1)，其特征在于，所述压力传感器(3)被设计为用于感测压力和温度的双传感器。
7.根据权利要求6所述的排气系统(1)，其特征在于，所述排气系统(1)具有用于感测所述废气燃烧器(2)的废气温度的温度传感器(10)。
8.一种用于操作机动车辆(100)的排气系统(1)的方法，其特征在于，借助于压力传感器(3)感测所述排气系统(1)的废气燃烧器(2)中的火焰形成。
9.根据权利要求8所述的方法，其特征在于，通过所述压力传感器(3)感测用于将燃烧用空气引入废气燃烧器(2)的送风段(4)内的空气压力。
10.根据权利要求9所述的方法，其特征在于，基于所述废气燃烧器(2)的送风段(4)和排气段(6)之间的压差感测火焰形成。
11.根据权利要求8至10中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，额外地
-在所述废气燃烧器(2)的燃烧室(5)内以光学方式，和/或
-通过流入废气燃烧器(2)的空气和流出废气燃烧器(2)的废气之间的温差，和/或
-通过机动车辆(100)的爆震传感器(11)以声学方式，感测火焰形成。
12.根据权利要求8至11中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，使用根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的排气系统(1)。
13.一种机动车辆(100)，具有根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的排气系统(1)。
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