CN114086168A - Passivation solution and preparation method of colorful passivation film - Google Patents
Passivation solution and preparation method of colorful passivation film Download PDFInfo
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- CN114086168A CN114086168A CN202111422134.9A CN202111422134A CN114086168A CN 114086168 A CN114086168 A CN 114086168A CN 202111422134 A CN202111422134 A CN 202111422134A CN 114086168 A CN114086168 A CN 114086168A
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- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 235
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 11
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910021556 Chromium(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000011636 chromium(III) chloride Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2] JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- QSWDMMVNRMROPK-UHFFFAOYSA-K chromium(3+) trichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Cr+3] QSWDMMVNRMROPK-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 49
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromate(2-) Chemical compound [O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 231100000086 high toxicity Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 3
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 12
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 10
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001845 chromium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001430 chromium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008139 complexing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035807 sensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- LJFCDOMDEACIMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc chromium(3+) oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Cr+3].[Zn+2] LJFCDOMDEACIMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
- C23C22/48—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 not containing phosphates, hexavalent chromium compounds, fluorides or complex fluorides, molybdates, tungstates, vanadates or oxalates
- C23C22/53—Treatment of zinc or alloys based thereon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2222/00—Aspects relating to chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive medium
- C23C2222/10—Use of solutions containing trivalent chromium but free of hexavalent chromium
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Treatment Of Metals (AREA)
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a passivation solution and a preparation method of a colorful passivation film, wherein the concentration of each component in the passivation solution is as follows: CrCl3：112～116g/L；NaNO3：8～30g/L；NH4NO3：5～8g/L；ZnCl2：0.1～15g/L；HNO3: 0.5 to 0.8 g/L. The preparation method comprises the following steps: pretreating a galvanized workpiece; and putting the pretreated galvanized workpiece into the passivation solution for passivation so as to continuously dissolve zinc in the galvanized workpiece and generate a colorful passivation film. The passivation solution overcomes the defects of high toxicity, environmental pollution and the like of the hexavalent chromate passivation technology, and is an environment-friendly passivation solution; the passivation solution has stable performance, lower production cost and simple use process. The color passivation film prepared by the passivation solution has good appearance consistency and high corrosion resistance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metal surface treatment, in particular to a preparation method of a passivation solution and a color passivation film.
Background
The zinc coating color passivation technology is used as a common and effective metal protection means and is widely applied to occasions with special requirements on the passivation appearance color of metal components. The passivation treatment belongs to a chemical conversion film technology, which changes the surface state of metal by means of chemical or electrochemical means, so that the electrode potential of the metal jumps forward to become a corrosion-resistant passive state, and the corrosion-resistant property is shown, and the film is called as a passivation film. The zinc coating passivation process can be roughly divided into (blue) white passivation, black passivation and color passivation according to different appearance colors of the zinc coating passivation film. Among the three passivation technologies, the color passivation technology is widely favored by people due to the fact that the surface of the color passivation technology is rich in color, bright in appearance color and excellent in decoration. The method is widely applied to parts such as automobiles, household appliances, hardware and the like, and has wide market prospect.
The formula of the galvanized color passivation solution adopted in the prior art mainly comprises the following components: [ CHROMIUM ANHYDRIDE, SULFURIC ACID, NITRIC ACID ]. Product processing practices through the field processing condition and the production period of the product show that: the product processed by the formula of the chromic anhydride, the sulfuric acid and the nitric acid has the advantages that the components of the tank liquor change rapidly in the product processing process, even if the components are analyzed every day, after chemical materials are added, the same passivation time and the same solution temperature are obtained in the product processing process, and the color difference between the product processed in the morning and the product processed in the afternoon is large. After long-term processing of products, the appearance consistency of the products is different.
Aiming at the problem that products processed by the formula of chromic anhydride, sulfuric acid and nitric acid in the prior art have different appearance consistency, no effective solution is provided at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a preparation method of a passivation solution and a color passivation film, and aims to solve the problem that products processed by using formulas of chromic anhydride, sulfuric acid and nitric acid in the prior art have different appearance consistency.
In order to achieve the above object, in one aspect, the present invention provides a passivation solution, wherein the concentration of each component in the passivation solution is: CrCl3：112～116g/L；NaNO3：8～30g/L；NH4NO3：5～8g/L；ZnCl2：0.1～15g/L；HNO3：0.5～0.8g/L。
In another aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing a color passivation film using the above passivation solution, the method comprising: pretreating a galvanized workpiece; and putting the pretreated galvanized workpiece into the passivation solution for passivation so as to continuously dissolve zinc in the galvanized workpiece and generate a colorful passivation film.
Optionally, after the generating the color passivation film, the method includes:
and drying the color passivation film.
Optionally, the pH value of the passivation solution is 2.5-3.5.
Optionally, the passivation time is 30-60 s.
Optionally, the passivation temperature is 20-40 ℃.
Optionally, the drying time is 5-20 min.
Optionally, the drying temperature is 85-180 ℃.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a passivation solution and a preparation method of a colorful passivation film, wherein the concentration of each component in the passivation solution is as follows: cr (chromium) component3+：0.2～20g/L；NO3：8～300g/L；Cl-：0.6～60g/L；SO4 2-: 0.05-15 g/L. The preparation method comprises the following steps: pretreating a galvanized workpiece; putting the pretreated galvanized workpiece into the passivation solution for passivation so as to continuously passivate zinc in the galvanized workpieceDissolving and generating a color passivation film. The passivation solution overcomes the defects of high toxicity, environmental pollution and the like of the hexavalent chromate passivation technology, and is an environment-friendly passivation solution; the passivation solution has stable performance, lower production cost and simple use process. The color passivation film prepared by the passivation solution has good appearance consistency and high corrosion resistance.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for preparing a color passivation film by using a passivation solution according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The formula of the galvanized color passivation solution adopted in the prior art mainly comprises the following components: [ CHROMIUM ANHYDRIDE, SULFURIC ACID, NITRIC ACID ]. Product processing practices through the field processing condition and the production period of the product show that: the product processed by the formula of the chromic anhydride, the sulfuric acid and the nitric acid has the advantages that the components of the tank liquor change rapidly in the product processing process, even if the components are analyzed every day, after chemical materials are added, the same passivation time and the same solution temperature are obtained in the product processing process, and the color difference between the product processed in the morning and the product processed in the afternoon is large. After long-term processing of products, the appearance consistency of the products is different.
Therefore, the invention provides a preparation method of the passivation solution and the blue color passivation film. Wherein, the concentration of each component in the passivation solution is as follows: CrCl3：112～116g/L；NaNO3：8～30g/L；NH4NO3：5～8g/L；ZnCl2：0.1～15g/L；HNO3：0.5～0.8g/L。
CrCl3Is a trivalent chromium compound which is used as a film forming agent of the passivation solution; NaNO3As passivating liquidsAn oxidant capable of reacting with the zinc coating during passivation to dissolve the zinc and form Zn2+。CrCl3With Zn2+The reaction produces an insoluble zinc chromium oxide barrier layer. NH (NH)4NO3As a complexing agent of the passivation solution, a stable complex can be formed with trivalent chromium ions. ZnCl2Middle Zn2+In order to activate metal ions, the corrosion resistance of the passivation solution is improved. HNO3The passivation solution can keep a certain pH value, and the normal operation of passivation reaction is ensured.
Fig. 1 is a method for preparing a color passivation film by a passivation solution according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the method includes:
s101, preprocessing a galvanized workpiece;
s102, placing the pretreated galvanized workpiece into the passivation solution for passivation so as to enable zinc in the galvanized workpiece to be continuously dissolved and generate a colorful passivation film.
In an optional embodiment, after the S102, the method further includes:
s103, drying the color passivation film.
Specifically, the pH value of the passivation solution is 2.5-3.5. The passivation time is 30-60 s. The passivation temperature is 20-40 ℃. And the drying time is 5-20 min. The drying temperature is 85-180 ℃.
Controlling the pH value of the passivation solution: the mechanism of passivation is known as: the pH value not only affects the rate of new dissolution and re-dissolution of the passivation film, but also affects the time that the workpiece stays in the passivation solution. Therefore, in order to obtain a stable and ideal passivation film, the pH of the passivation solution is kept relatively stable, otherwise the thickness of the passivation film is likely to be uneven. When the pH value is lower than 2.5, a passivation film is difficult to form, a thicker passivation film is difficult to obtain, the color is lighter, and the corrosion resistance is poorer; when the pH value is higher than 3.5, the binding force of the passive film is influenced, the plating layer is loose, the surface light sensation is poor, and the fog and the flower are easy to generate. According to the experimental results, the color is easy to develop when the pH value is low, the color becomes white when the pH value is high, and the pH value is preferably between 2.5 and 3.5.
The proper passivation time is the most important factor in the passivation process, when the galvanized workpiece is placed in the passivation solution, zinc in the galvanized workpiece is dissolved and a passivation film is generated, the longer the contact time of the passivation solution and the galvanized workpiece is, the more chance of transfer plating is, and in most cases, a thicker passivation film is caused, so that the corrosion resistance is good; however, the formation of the passivation film is a dynamic process, and the passivation film is continuously generated, dissolved, regenerated and re-dissolved on the interface. Therefore, a suitable passivation time should be selected. When other conditions (concentration, temperature, pH, etc.) are constant, the passivation time is short, the film thickness is thin, and the film color is light and the corrosion resistance is poor. When the passivation time is long, the film layer becomes loose and porous, the bonding strength is low, and the corrosion resistance is reduced. Therefore, during operation, it is necessary to monitor the passivation time at any time. Specifically, the passivation time is controlled to be 30-60 s.
Besides the control of the passivation time, the control of the passivation temperature is also required, and the temperature control of the trivalent chromium passivation solution is closely related to the formation rate of a passivation film. When the temperature of the passivation solution is too low and too high, the result is color cast and the desired color cannot be obtained. Under the same passivation time and pH value conditions, the higher the temperature of the passivation solution is, the thicker the passivation film is; the lower the temperature of the passivation film, the thinner the passivation film. Specifically, the passivation temperature is controlled to be 20-40 ℃.
The technical scheme of the invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples:
example 1
Preparing a passivation solution, wherein the concentration of each component in the passivation solution is as follows: CrCl3：112g/L；NaNO3：8g/L；NH4NO3：5g/L；ZnCl2：0.1g/L；HNO3：0.5g/L。
Pretreating a galvanized workpiece, wherein the pretreatment comprises the steps of cleaning and deoiling the galvanized workpiece, and drying the cleaned galvanized workpiece; and putting the pretreated galvanized workpiece into the passivation solution for passivation so as to continuously dissolve zinc in the galvanized workpiece and generate a colorful passivation film. The pH value of the passivation solution is 2.5. The time for the passivation was 30 s. The temperature of the passivation was 20 ℃. And after the color passivation film is generated, drying the color passivation film. The drying time is 5 min. The drying temperature is 85 ℃. The thickness of the plating layer obtained in this example was 12 μm.
Example 2
Preparing a passivation solution, wherein the concentration of each component in the passivation solution is as follows: CrCl3：112g/L；NaNO3：9g/L；NH4NO3：5g/L；ZnCl2：2g/L；HNO3：0.5g/L。
Pretreating a galvanized workpiece, wherein the pretreatment comprises the steps of cleaning and deoiling the galvanized workpiece, and drying the cleaned galvanized workpiece; and putting the pretreated galvanized workpiece into the passivation solution for passivation so as to continuously dissolve zinc in the galvanized workpiece and generate a colorful passivation film. The pH value of the passivation solution is 2.5. The time for the passivation was 40 s. The temperature of the passivation was 25 ℃. And after the color passivation film is generated, drying the color passivation film. The drying time is 10 min. The drying temperature is 120 ℃. The thickness of the plating layer obtained in this example was 12.2. mu.m.
Example 3
Preparing a passivation solution, wherein the concentration of each component in the passivation solution is as follows: CrCl3：113g/L；NaNO3：10g/L；NH4NO3：6g/L；ZnCl2：3g/L；HNO3：0.6g/L。
Pretreating a galvanized workpiece, wherein the pretreatment comprises the steps of cleaning and deoiling the galvanized workpiece, and drying the cleaned galvanized workpiece; and putting the pretreated galvanized workpiece into the passivation solution for passivation so as to continuously dissolve zinc in the galvanized workpiece and generate a colorful passivation film. The pH value of the passivation solution is 3.0. The time for the passivation was 50 s. The temperature of the passivation was 30 ℃. And after the color passivation film is generated, drying the color passivation film. The drying time is 15 min. The drying temperature is 150 ℃. The thickness of the plating layer obtained in this example was 12.4. mu.m.
Example 4
Preparing a passivation solution, wherein the concentration of each component in the passivation solution is as follows: crCl3：113g/L；NaNO3：15g/L；NH4NO3：6g/L；ZnCl2：4g/L；HNO3：0.6g/L。
Pretreating a galvanized workpiece, wherein the pretreatment comprises the steps of cleaning and deoiling the galvanized workpiece, and drying the cleaned galvanized workpiece; and putting the pretreated galvanized workpiece into the passivation solution for passivation so as to continuously dissolve zinc in the galvanized workpiece and generate a colorful passivation film. The pH value of the passivation solution is 3.0. The time for the passivation was 55 s. The temperature of the passivation was 35 ℃. And after the color passivation film is generated, drying the color passivation film. The drying time is 18 min. The temperature of the drying is 160 ℃. The thickness of the plating layer obtained in this example was 13.1. mu.m.
Example 5
Preparing a passivation solution, wherein the concentration of each component in the passivation solution is as follows: CrCl3：114g/L；NaNO3：19g/L；NH4NO3：6g/L；ZnCl2：7g/L；HNO3：0.6g/L。
Pretreating a galvanized workpiece, wherein the pretreatment comprises the steps of cleaning and deoiling the galvanized workpiece, and drying the cleaned galvanized workpiece; and putting the pretreated galvanized workpiece into the passivation solution for passivation so as to continuously dissolve zinc in the galvanized workpiece and generate a colorful passivation film. The pH value of the passivation solution is 3.5. The time for the passivation was 60 s. The temperature of the passivation was 40 ℃. And after the color passivation film is generated, drying the color passivation film. The drying time is 20 min. The drying temperature is 180 ℃. The thickness of the plating layer obtained in this example was 13.7 μm.
Example 6
Preparing a passivation solution, wherein the concentration of each component in the passivation solution is as follows: CrCl3：114g/L；NaNO3：20g/L；NH4NO3：7g/L；ZnCl2：8g/L；HNO3：0.7g/L。
Pretreating a galvanized workpiece, wherein the pretreatment comprises the steps of cleaning and deoiling the galvanized workpiece, and drying the cleaned galvanized workpiece; and putting the pretreated galvanized workpiece into the passivation solution for passivation so as to continuously dissolve zinc in the galvanized workpiece and generate a colorful passivation film. The pH value of the passivation solution is 2.5. The time for the passivation was 30 s. The temperature of the passivation was 20 ℃. And after the color passivation film is generated, drying the color passivation film. The drying time is 5 min. The drying temperature is 85 ℃. The thickness of the plating layer obtained in this example was 13.8. mu.m.
Example 7
Preparing a passivation solution, wherein the concentration of each component in the passivation solution is as follows: CrCl3：115g/L；NaNO3：20g/L；NH4NO3：7g/L；ZnCl2：9g/L；HNO3：0.7g/L。
Pretreating a galvanized workpiece, wherein the pretreatment comprises the steps of cleaning and deoiling the galvanized workpiece, and drying the cleaned galvanized workpiece; and putting the pretreated galvanized workpiece into the passivation solution for passivation so as to continuously dissolve zinc in the galvanized workpiece and generate a colorful passivation film. The pH value of the passivation solution is 2.5. The time for the passivation was 40 s. The temperature of the passivation was 25 ℃. And after the color passivation film is generated, drying the color passivation film. The drying time is 10 min. The drying temperature is 120 ℃. The thickness of the plating layer obtained in this example was 14.2. mu.m.
Example 8
Preparing a passivation solution, wherein the concentration of each component in the passivation solution is as follows: CrCl3：115g/L；NaNO3：25g/L；NH4NO3：7g/L；ZnCl2：12g/L；HNO3：0.7g/L。
Pretreating a galvanized workpiece, wherein the pretreatment comprises the steps of cleaning and deoiling the galvanized workpiece, and drying the cleaned galvanized workpiece; and putting the pretreated galvanized workpiece into the passivation solution for passivation so as to continuously dissolve zinc in the galvanized workpiece and generate a colorful passivation film. The pH value of the passivation solution is 3.0. The time for the passivation was 50 s. The temperature of the passivation was 30 ℃. And after the color passivation film is generated, drying the color passivation film. The drying time is 15 min. The drying temperature is 150 ℃. The thickness of the plating layer obtained in this example was 14.5. mu.m.
Example 9
Preparing a passivation solution, wherein the concentration of each component in the passivation solution is as follows: CrCl3：116g/L；NaNO3：28g/L；NH4NO3：8g/L；ZnCl2：14g/L；HNO3：0.8g/L。
Pretreating a galvanized workpiece, wherein the pretreatment comprises the steps of cleaning and deoiling the galvanized workpiece, and drying the cleaned galvanized workpiece; and putting the pretreated galvanized workpiece into the passivation solution for passivation so as to continuously dissolve zinc in the galvanized workpiece and generate a colorful passivation film. The pH value of the passivation solution is 3.0. The time for the passivation was 55 s. The temperature of the passivation was 35 ℃. And after the color passivation film is generated, drying the color passivation film. The drying time is 18 min. The temperature of the drying is 160 ℃. The thickness of the plating layer obtained in this example was 14.9. mu.m.
Example 10
Preparing a passivation solution, wherein the concentration of each component in the passivation solution is as follows: CrCl3：116g/L；NaNO3：30g/L；NH4NO3：8g/L；ZnCl2：15g/L；HNO3：0.8g/L。
Pretreating a galvanized workpiece, wherein the pretreatment comprises the steps of cleaning and deoiling the galvanized workpiece, and drying the cleaned galvanized workpiece; and putting the pretreated galvanized workpiece into the passivation solution for passivation so as to continuously dissolve zinc in the galvanized workpiece and generate a colorful passivation film. The pH value of the passivation solution is 3.5. The time for the passivation was 60 s. The temperature of the passivation was 40 ℃. And after the color passivation film is generated, drying the color passivation film. The drying time is 20 min. The drying temperature is 180 ℃. The thickness of the plating layer obtained in this example was 15 μm.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a passivation solution and a color passivationThe preparation method of the film comprises the following steps of: CrCl3：112～116g/L；NaNO3：8～30g/L；NH4NO3：5～8g/L；ZnCl2：0.1～15g/L；HNO3: 0.5 to 0.8 g/L. The preparation method comprises the following steps: pretreating a galvanized workpiece; and putting the pretreated galvanized workpiece into the passivation solution for passivation so as to continuously dissolve zinc in the galvanized workpiece and generate a colorful passivation film. The passivation solution overcomes the defects of high toxicity, environmental pollution and the like of the hexavalent chromate passivation technology, and is an environment-friendly passivation solution; the passivation solution has stable performance, lower production cost and simple use process. The color passivation film prepared by the passivation solution has good appearance consistency and high corrosion resistance.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The passivation solution is characterized in that the concentration of each component in the passivation solution is as follows:
CrCl3：112～116g/L；NaNO3：8～30g/L；NH4NO3：5～8g/L；ZnCl2：0.1～15g/L；HNO3：0.5～0.8g/L。
2. a method for preparing a color passivation film by the passivation solution of claim 1, comprising:
pretreating a galvanized workpiece;
and putting the pretreated galvanized workpiece into the passivation solution for passivation so as to continuously dissolve zinc in the galvanized workpiece and generate a colorful passivation film.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the step of forming the color passivation film comprises:
and drying the color passivation film.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein:
the pH value of the passivation solution is 2.5-3.5.
5. The method of claim 2, wherein:
the passivation time is 30-60 s.
6. The method of claim 2, wherein:
the passivation temperature is 20-40 ℃.
7. The production method according to claim 3, characterized in that:
and the drying time is 5-20 min.
8. The production method according to claim 3, characterized in that:
the drying temperature is 85-180 ℃.
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