CN113429272A - 一种芳基醛酮及其合成方法 - Google Patents
一种芳基醛酮及其合成方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN113429272A CN113429272A CN202110684283.6A CN202110684283A CN113429272A CN 113429272 A CN113429272 A CN 113429272A CN 202110684283 A CN202110684283 A CN 202110684283A CN 113429272 A CN113429272 A CN 113429272A
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- reaction
- aryl
- ethyl acetate
- aldehyde ketone
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- -1 Aryl aldehyde ketone Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000010189 synthetic method Methods 0.000 title claims description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000001699 photocatalysis Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract 2
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 144
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 56
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical group C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 48
- 239000012043 crude product Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- 238000010898 silica gel chromatography Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 12
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- OXMIDRBAFOEOQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,5-dimethyloxolane Chemical compound CC1CCC(C)O1 OXMIDRBAFOEOQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- SBZXBUIDTXKZTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N diglyme Chemical compound COCCOCCOC SBZXBUIDTXKZTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- IVJLGIMHHWKRAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(chloromethyl)oxolane Chemical compound ClCC1CCCO1 IVJLGIMHHWKRAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002541 furyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001037 p-tolyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(=C([H])C([H])=C1*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001544 thienyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007146 photocatalysis Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 claims description 2
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 abstract description 3
- YMTINGFKWWXKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N fenofibrate Chemical compound C1=CC(OC(C)(C)C(=O)OC(C)C)=CC=C1C(=O)C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 YMTINGFKWWXKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229960002297 fenofibrate Drugs 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004440 column chromatography Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N Trichloro(2H)methane Chemical compound [2H]C(Cl)(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N 0.000 description 46
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 25
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 description 23
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 22
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 19
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 15
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- 230000032798 delamination Effects 0.000 description 7
- UAJRSHJHFRVGMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenyl-4-methoxybenzene Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C=C)C=C1 UAJRSHJHFRVGMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 5
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000002304 perfume Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- RWMSNNXHPGLUKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-bromo-4-[1-(4-methylphenyl)ethenyl]benzene Chemical compound C1=CC(C)=CC=C1C(=C)C1=CC=C(Br)C=C1 RWMSNNXHPGLUKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WQDGTJOEMPEHHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chloro-4-prop-1-en-2-ylbenzene Chemical compound CC(=C)C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 WQDGTJOEMPEHHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NVZWEEGUWXZOKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenyl-2-methylbenzene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C NVZWEEGUWXZOKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZJSKEGAHBAHFON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenyl-3-fluorobenzene Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC(C=C)=C1 ZJSKEGAHBAHFON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CEWDRCQPGANDRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenyl-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1=CC=C(C=C)C=C1 CEWDRCQPGANDRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SZICZCPPTAXASB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-iodo-4-(1-phenylethenyl)benzene Chemical compound C1=CC(I)=CC=C1C(=C)C1=CC=CC=C1 SZICZCPPTAXASB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XCTSGGVBLWBSIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methoxy-4-prop-1-en-2-ylbenzene Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C(C)=C)C=C1 XCTSGGVBLWBSIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LCJRDURRRLSHJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-nitro-4-prop-1-en-2-ylbenzene Chemical compound CC(=C)C1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1 LCJRDURRRLSHJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001644 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- CIVCELMLGDGMKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-dichloro-6-methylpyridine-3-carboxylic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC(Cl)=C(C(O)=O)C(Cl)=N1 CIVCELMLGDGMKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YODUIZCSEMAZKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[1-(4-methylphenyl)ethenyl]thiophene Chemical compound C1=CC(C)=CC=C1C(=C)C1=CC=CS1 YODUIZCSEMAZKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AZKJFVAKAWLCMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-prop-1-en-2-ylfuran Chemical compound CC(=C)C1=CC=CO1 AZKJFVAKAWLCMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FTMGWGRYZSQTMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-prop-1-en-2-ylthiophene Chemical compound CC(=C)C1=CC=CS1 FTMGWGRYZSQTMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KXYAVSFOJVUIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-vinylnaphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC(C=C)=CC=C21 KXYAVSFOJVUIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KGIGUEBEKRSTEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-vinylpyridine Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=N1 KGIGUEBEKRSTEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WAASLNJSONWCGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4-dicyclohexylpiperidine Chemical compound C1(CCCCC1)C1(CCNCC1)C1CCCCC1 WAASLNJSONWCGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IZPRGUKGMVPTEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-but-2-en-2-ylpyridine Chemical compound CC=C(C)C1=CC=NC=C1 IZPRGUKGMVPTEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AUIURIPXSQBMJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methylidene-2,3-dihydro-1h-naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=C)CCCC2=C1 AUIURIPXSQBMJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000031226 Hyperlipidaemia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003905 agrochemical Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001387 anti-histamine Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000739 antihistaminic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003115 biocidal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- SQHOHKQMTHROSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N but-1-en-2-ylbenzene Chemical compound CCC(=C)C1=CC=CC=C1 SQHOHKQMTHROSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007809 chemical reaction catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002537 cosmetic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000005911 diet Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000378 dietary effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960000525 diphenhydramine hydrochloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002848 electrochemical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013373 food additive Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002778 food additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002917 insecticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012263 liquid product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012860 organic pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000489 osmium tetroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007248 oxidative elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- HDBWAWNLGGMZRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N p-Vinylbiphenyl Chemical group C1=CC(C=C)=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 HDBWAWNLGGMZRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004965 peroxy acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001927 ruthenium tetroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012265 solid product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002560 therapeutic procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000006097 ultraviolet radiation absorber Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C07C45/27—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by oxidation
- C07C45/32—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by oxidation with molecular oxygen
- C07C45/33—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by oxidation with molecular oxygen of CHx-moieties
- C07C45/34—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by oxidation with molecular oxygen of CHx-moieties in unsaturated compounds
- C07C45/36—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by oxidation with molecular oxygen of CHx-moieties in unsaturated compounds in compounds containing six-membered aromatic rings
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- C07C47/542—Alkylated benzaldehydes
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- C07C49/613—Unsaturated compounds containing a keto groups being part of a ring polycyclic
- C07C49/617—Unsaturated compounds containing a keto groups being part of a ring polycyclic a keto group being part of a condensed ring system
- C07C49/623—Unsaturated compounds containing a keto groups being part of a ring polycyclic a keto group being part of a condensed ring system having two rings
- C07C49/637—Unsaturated compounds containing a keto groups being part of a ring polycyclic a keto group being part of a condensed ring system having two rings the condensed ring system containing ten carbon atoms
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- C07C49/784—Ketones containing a keto group bound to a six-membered aromatic ring polycyclic with all keto groups bound to a non-condensed ring
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- C07C49/80—Ketones containing a keto group bound to a six-membered aromatic ring containing halogen
- C07C49/807—Ketones containing a keto group bound to a six-membered aromatic ring containing halogen all halogen atoms bound to the ring
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- C07C69/67—Esters of carboxylic acids having esterified carboxylic groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms and having any of the groups OH, O—metal, —CHO, keto, ether, acyloxy, groups, groups, or in the acid moiety of saturated acids
- C07C69/708—Ethers
- C07C69/712—Ethers the hydroxy group of the ester being etherified with a hydroxy compound having the hydroxy group bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
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- C07D213/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D213/24—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D213/44—Radicals substituted by doubly-bound oxygen, sulfur, or nitrogen atoms, or by two such atoms singly-bound to the same carbon atom
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种芳基醛酮及其合成方法,它以廉价的烯烃为原料合成芳基醛、酮类化合物,具体为以市售廉价的烯烃为原料,醚作为添加剂,分子氧作为唯一的氧化剂,水作为溶剂,在光催化条件下反应,通过柱层析法合成醛、酮。本发明具有反应条件温和、方法绿色环保、实验操作简单、反应选择性好、产物收率高等优点,本发明通过该限定方法得到的化合物,其适用底物范围广,能用于抗高脂血症药物非诺贝特等的绿色高效合成。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于医药化工中间体合成技术领域,具体涉及一种芳基醛酮及其合成方法。
背景技术
醛、酮由于其在香料、食品添加剂、制药、农化化学品和其他化工行业的广泛存在和广泛应用,是非常重要的中间体。例如,式(Ⅲ)所示的化合物(Ⅲ)可用作香料,配制花香型香精,用于食品及化妆品、香皂等;医药上用作抗组胺药物的中间体,如制抗菌素羟氨苄基青霉素等。式(IV)所示的化合物(IV)是紫外线吸收剂、有机颜料、医药、香料、杀虫剂的中间体,医药工业中用于生产双环己哌啶、苯海拉明盐酸盐等。式(V)所示的化合物(V)是非诺贝特,一种用于治疗成人饮食控制疗法效果不理想的高脂血症的药物。这些都体现了醛酮及其衍生物在其他领域的应用价值。
目前,有许多方法可用于烯烃的氧化裂解合成醛酮,主要包括:臭氧分解;加入一些金属氧化物(KMnO4、OsO4、RuO4等);将过渡金属作为催化剂与过氧化物、过氧酸和其他氧化剂结合使用;电化学法;有机分子与氧化剂和氧气结合使用等。这些工艺通常存在安全隐患,如使用昂贵的有毒金属或使用过量的氧化剂,而有些氧化剂价格昂贵,甚至可能会产生大量的副产品,大大降低了反应的原子经济性。
因此,开发简单、经济和绿色合成醛、酮及其衍生物的新方法受到人们的广泛关注。而光催化有机合成拥有反应条件温和,能源可再生和反应效率较高等优点。本发明以廉价易得的烯烃为原料,醚为添加剂,通过光照射,以高选择性,高产率得到了一系列芳基醛酮及其衍生物。该类化合物是有机合成中的重要中间体,具有较好的研究和应用价值。
发明内容
针对现有技术中存在的上述问题,本发明提供了一种简便、高效芳基醛酮及其合成方法。
本发明限定的一种芳基醛酮,其特征在于其结构式如式(II)所示:
其中:R为氢、烷基、苯基、4-甲基苯基;Ar为芳基,所述芳基为取代苯基、呋喃基、吡啶基或噻吩基。
进一步地,本发明限定了取代苯基中的取代基为烷基、卤素、三氟甲基、苯基或硝基。
进一步地,本发明还限定了所述芳基醛酮的合成方法,其特征在于以如式(Ⅰ)所示的烯烃为原料,以醚为添加剂,以水作溶剂,在分子氧作用下,光催化下合成如式(II)所示的醛或酮,其反应方程式如下:
其中:R为氢、烷基、苯基、4-甲基苯基;Ar为芳基,所述芳基为取代苯基、呋喃基、吡啶基或噻吩基。
进一步地,本发明还限定了添加剂为四氢呋喃、1,4-二氧六环、二乙二醇二甲醚、1,2-二甲氧基乙烷、2,5-二甲基四氢呋喃、2-氯甲基四氢呋喃中的任意一种,添加剂与烯烃的投料摩尔比为0.3~1 : 1,优选为0.5 : 1。
进一步地,本发明还限定了分子氧为在空气、氧气氛围下反应,优选为氧气;反应时间为12~48小时,优选为12~36小时,最优为18小时。
进一步地,本发明还限定了光催化中,光波长为360–365 nm、395–400 nm、400–405nm、410–415 nm或420–425 nm,最优为400-405 nm。
更进一步地,本发明还限定了一种芳基醛酮的合成方法,具体包括如下步骤:
将如式(Ⅰ)所示的烯烃置于反应瓶中,加入添加剂和溶剂水,在分子氧作用下,室温可见光催化反应12~36小时,反应完毕后加入乙酸乙酯萃取分层,有机层经无水硫酸镁或无水硫酸钠干燥、过滤、浓缩得到粗品,粗品经硅胶柱色谱法提纯,硅胶柱色谱法所用的溶剂为体积比为1:10的乙酸乙酯和石油醚混合液,得到目标产物,进一步限定了添加剂为四氢呋喃、1,4-二氧六环、二乙二醇二甲醚、1,2-二甲氧基乙烷、2,5-二甲基四氢呋喃、2-氯甲基四氢呋喃中的任意一种。
通过采用上述技术,与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果如下:
本发明通过采用限定的方法,合成一系列芳基醛酮,通过可见光催化反应,其反应条件温和,具有能源可再生和反应效率较高等优点;本发明以廉价易得的烯烃为原料,在分子氧及醚的作用下,通过光照射,以高选择性、高产率得到了一系列芳基醛酮及其衍生物,其合成方法操作简单、经济且绿色环保,所得的化合物是有机药物合成中的重要中间体,具有较好的研究和应用价值。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明进行进一步描述,但本发明的保护范围并不仅限于此:
实施例1:
将对甲氧基苯乙烯(670 mg,5.0 mmol)、四氢呋喃(180 mg,50% mol)、水(30 mL)加入100 mL反应瓶中,在氧气氛围下,通过LED灯(400-405 nm)照射,搅拌反应18小时,反应完毕后加入乙酸乙酯萃取,充分搅拌后静置分层,有机层经无水硫酸镁干燥、过滤、浓缩后,得到粗品,粗品经硅胶柱色谱法(乙酸乙酯 : 石油醚=1 : 10)提纯,得到无色液体531 mg,收率为78%。1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3) δ 9.89 (s, 1H), 7.84 (d, J = 8.9 Hz, 2H),7.03 – 6.98 (m, 2H), 3.89 (s, 3H)。
实施例2:
将4-乙烯基联苯(901 mg,5.0 mmol)、四氢呋喃(180 mg,50% mol)、水(30 mL)加入100 mL反应瓶中,在氧气氛围下,通过LED灯(400-405 nm)照射,搅拌反应18小时,反应完毕后加入乙酸乙酯萃取,充分搅拌后静置分层,有机层经无水硫酸镁干燥、过滤、浓缩后,得到粗品,粗品经硅胶柱色谱法(乙酸乙酯 : 石油醚=1 : 10)提纯,得到白色固体683 mg,收率为75%。1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3) δ 10.09 (s, 1H), 7.99 (d, J = 8.3 Hz, 2H),7.79 (d, J = 8.3 Hz, 2H), 7.67 (d, J = 7.1 Hz, 2H), 7.52 (t, J = 7.5 Hz, 2H),7.45 (t, J = 7.3 Hz, 1H) 。
实施例3:
将4-三氟甲基苯乙烯(930 mg,5.0 mmol)、四氢呋喃(180 mg,50% mol)、水(30mL)加入100 mL反应瓶中,在分子氧氛围下,用LED灯(400-405 nm)光照搅拌反应18小时。反应完毕后加入乙酸乙酯萃取,充分搅拌后静置分层,有机层经无水硫酸镁干燥、过滤、浓缩后,得到粗品,粗品经硅胶柱色谱法(乙酸乙酯 : 石油醚=1 : 10)提纯,得到无色液体605mg,收率为70%。1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3) δ 10.11 (s, 1H), 8.02 (d, J = 8.0 Hz,2H), 7.81 (d, J = 8.2 Hz, 2H) 。
实施例4:
将3-氟苯乙烯(611 mg,5.0 mmol)、四氢呋喃(180 mg,50% mol)、水(30 mL)加入100 mL反应瓶中,在氧气氛围下,通过LED灯(400-405 nm)照射,搅拌反应18小时。反应完毕后加入乙酸乙酯萃取,充分搅拌后静置分层,有机层经无水硫酸镁干燥、过滤、浓缩后,得到粗品,粗品经硅胶柱色谱法(乙酸乙酯 : 石油醚=1 : 10)提纯,得到淡黄色液体455 mg,收率为73%。1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3) δ 10.01 (s, 1H), 7.70 (d, J = 7.6 Hz, 1H),7.61 – 7.51 (m, 2H), 7.35 (td, J = 8.3, 2.7 Hz, 1H) 。
实施例5:
将2-甲基苯乙烯(591 mg,5.0 mmol)、四氢呋喃(180 mg,50% mol)、水(30 mL)加入100 mL反应瓶中,在氧气氛围下,通过LED灯(410-415 nm)照射,搅拌反应18小时。反应完毕后加入乙酸乙酯萃取,充分搅拌后静置分层,有机层经无水硫酸镁干燥、过滤、浓缩后,得到粗品,粗品经硅胶柱色谱法(乙酸乙酯 : 石油醚=1 : 10)提纯,得到无色液体418 mg,收率为70%。1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3) δ 10.29 (s, 1H), 7.82 (d, J = 7.6 Hz, 1H),7.50 (t, J = 7.5 Hz, 1H), 7.38 (t, J = 7.5 Hz, 1H), 7.28 (d, J = 7.6 Hz, 1H),2.70 (s, 3H) 。
实施例6:
将2-乙烯基萘(771 mg,5.0 mmol)、1,4-二氧六环(220 mg,50% mol)、水(30 mL)加入100 mL反应瓶中,在分子氧氛围下,用LED灯(400-405 nm)光照搅拌反应24小时。反应完毕后加入乙酸乙酯萃取,充分搅拌后静置分层,有机层经无水硫酸镁干燥、过滤、浓缩后,得到粗品,粗品经硅胶柱色谱法(乙酸乙酯 : 石油醚=1 : 10)提纯,得到白色固体479 mg,收率为61%。1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3) δ 10.15 (s, 1H), 8.33 (s, 1H), 7.99 (d, J =8.1 Hz, 1H), 7.96 – 7.88 (m, 3H), 7.63 (dd, J = 12.2, 4.0 Hz, 1H), 7.58 (t, J = 7.5 Hz, 1H) 。
实施例7:
将2-乙烯吡啶(526 mg,5.0 mmol)、1,4-二氧六环(220 mg,50% mol)、水(30 mL)加入100 mL反应瓶中,在氧气氛围下,通过LED灯(400-405 nm)照射,搅拌反应18小时。反应完毕后加入乙酸乙酯萃取,充分搅拌后静置分层,有机层经无水硫酸镁干燥、过滤、浓缩后,得到粗品,粗品经硅胶柱色谱法(乙酸乙酯 : 石油醚=1 : 10)提纯,得到淡黄色液体258mg,收率为48%。1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3) δ 10.09 (s, 1H), 8.81 (dd, J = 6.0, 2.4Hz, 1H), 8.02 – 7.94 (m, 1H), 7.89 (dd, J = 2.3, 1.6 Hz, 1H), 7.58 – 7.50 (m,1H) 。
实施例8:
将1-异丙烯基-4-甲氧基苯(741 mg,5.0 mmol)、四氢呋喃(180 mg,50% mol)、水(30 mL)、水(3.0 mL)加入100 mL反应瓶中,在氧气氛围下,通过LED灯(400-405 nm)照射,搅拌反应12小时。反应完毕后加入乙酸乙酯萃取,充分搅拌后静置分层,有机层经无水硫酸镁干燥、过滤、浓缩后,得到粗品,粗品经硅胶柱色谱法(乙酸乙酯 : 石油醚=1 : 10)提纯,得到白色固体630 mg,收率为84%。1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.95 (d, J = 8.9 Hz,2H), 6.94 (d, J = 8.8 Hz, 2H), 3.88 (s, 3H), 2.57 (s, 3H) 。
实施例9:
将4-氯-α-甲基苯乙烯(763 mg,5.0 mmol)、四氢呋喃(180 mg,50% mol)、水(30mL)加入100 mL反应瓶中,在氧气氛围下,通过LED灯(400-405 nm)照射,搅拌反应18小时。反应完毕后加入乙酸乙酯萃取,充分搅拌后静置分层,有机层经无水硫酸镁干燥、过滤、浓缩后,得到粗品,粗品经硅胶柱色谱法(乙酸乙酯 : 石油醚=1 : 10)提纯,得到无色液体629 mg,收率为81%。1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.89 (dd, J = 8.6, 1.0 Hz, 2H),7.42 (dd, J = 8.5, 1.2 Hz, 2H), 2.58 (s, 3H) 。
实施例10:
将4-硝基-α-甲基苯乙烯(815 mg,5.0 mmol)、四氢呋喃(180 mg,50% mol)、水(30mL)加入100 mL反应瓶中,在氧气氛围下,通过LED灯(420-425 nm)照射,搅拌反应36小时。反应完毕后加入乙酸乙酯萃取,充分搅拌后静置分层,有机层经无水硫酸镁干燥、过滤、浓缩后,得到粗品,粗品经硅胶柱色谱法(乙酸乙酯 : 石油醚=1 : 10)提纯,得到淡黄色固体287 mg,收率为35%。1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.30 (d, J = 6.9 Hz, 2H), 8.10 (d,J = 8.9 Hz, 2H), 2.67 (s, 3H) 。
实施例11:
将α-乙基苯乙烯(660 mg,5.0 mmol)、四氢呋喃(180 mg,50% mol)、水(30 mL)加入100 mL反应瓶中,在氧气氛围下,通过LED灯(400-405 nm)照射,搅拌反应18小时。反应完毕后加入乙酸乙酯萃取,充分搅拌后静置分层,有机层经无水硫酸镁干燥、过滤、浓缩后,得到粗品,粗品经硅胶柱色谱法(乙酸乙酯 : 石油醚=1 : 10)提纯,得到无色液体557 mg,收率为81%。1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.98 (dd, J = 8.3, 1.1 Hz, 2H), 7.56 (t, J =7.4 Hz, 1H), 7.47 (t, J = 7.6 Hz, 2H), 3.02 (q, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H), 1.25 (t, J =7.3 Hz, 3H) 。
实施例12:
将1-亚甲基-1,2,3,4-四氢萘(720 mg,5.0 mmol)、二乙二醇二甲醚(335 mg,50%mol)、水(30 mL)加入100 mL反应瓶中,在氧气氛围下,通过LED灯(400-405 nm)照射,搅拌反应36小时。反应完毕后加入乙酸乙酯萃取,充分搅拌后静置分层,有机层经无水硫酸镁干燥、过滤、浓缩后,得到粗品,粗品经硅胶柱色谱法(乙酸乙酯 : 石油醚=1 : 10)提纯,得到无色液体406 mg,收率为58%。1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.05 (d, J = 7.8 Hz, 1H),7.48 (t, J = 7.4 Hz, 1H), 7.32 (t, J = 7.5 Hz, 1H), 7.27 (d, J = 7.6 Hz, 1H),2.98 (t, J = 6.1 Hz, 2H), 2.70 – 2.65 (m, 2H), 2.18 – 2.12 (m, 2H) 。
实施例13:
将2-异丙烯基呋喃(540 mg,5.0 mmol)、四氢呋喃(180 mg,50% mol)、水(30 mL)加入100 mL反应瓶中,在氧气氛围下,通过LED灯(410-415 nm)照射,搅拌反应18小时。反应完毕后加入乙酸乙酯萃取,充分搅拌后静置分层,有机层经无水硫酸镁干燥、过滤、浓缩后,得到粗品,粗品经硅胶柱色谱法(乙酸乙酯 : 石油醚=1 : 10)提纯,得到无色液体268 mg,收率为49%。1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.61 – 7.57 (m, 1H), 7.18 (d, J = 3.6 Hz,1H), 6.55 – 6.52 (m, 1H), 2.48 (s, 3H) 。
实施例14:
将4-(1-甲基-1-丙烯基)-吡啶(596 mg,5.0 mmol)、四氢呋喃(180 mg,50% mol)、水(30 mL)加入100 mL反应瓶中,在氧气氛围下,通过LED灯(420-425 nm)照射,搅拌反应36小时。反应完毕后加入乙酸乙酯萃取,充分搅拌后静置分层,有机层经无水硫酸镁干燥、过滤、浓缩后,得到粗品,粗品经硅胶柱色谱法(乙酸乙酯 : 石油醚=1 : 10)提纯,得到淡黄色液体333 mg,收率为48%。1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.72 – 8.66 (m, 1H), 8.04(dd, J = 7.9, 1.0 Hz, 1H), 7.84 (dt, J = 9.4, 4.7 Hz, 1H), 7.50 – 7.43 (m,1H), 2.73 (s, 3H) 。
实施例15:
将2-异丙烯基噻吩(621 mg,5.0 mmol)、四氢呋喃(180 mg,50% mol)、水(30 mL)加入100 mL反应瓶中,在氧气氛围下,通过LED灯(400-405 nm)照射,搅拌反应36小时。反应完毕后加入乙酸乙酯萃取,充分搅拌后静置分层,有机层经无水硫酸镁干燥、过滤、浓缩后,得到粗品,粗品经硅胶柱色谱法(乙酸乙酯 : 石油醚=1 : 10)提纯,得到淡黄色液体375mg,收率为60%。1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.70 (d, J = 3.7 Hz, 1H), 7.63 (d, J =4.9 Hz, 1H), 7.16 – 7.10 (m, 1H), 2.56 (s, 3H) 。
实施例16:
将1,1-二苯乙烯(901 mg,5.0 mmol)、四氢呋喃(180 mg,50% mol)、水(30 mL)加入100 mL反应瓶中,在氧气氛围下,通过LED灯(400-405 nm)照射,搅拌反应18小时。反应完毕后加入乙酸乙酯萃取,充分搅拌后静置分层,有机层经无水硫酸镁干燥、过滤、浓缩后,得到粗品,粗品经硅胶柱色谱法(乙酸乙酯 : 石油醚=1 : 10)提纯,得到黄色液体724 mg,收率为80%。1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.83 – 7.78 (m, 4H), 7.59 (t, J = 7.4 Hz,2H), 7.48 (t, J = 7.7 Hz, 4H) 。
实施例17:
将1-碘-4-(1-苯基乙烯基)苯(1.5 g,5.0 mmol)、四氢呋喃(180 mg,50% mol)、水(30 mL)加入100 mL反应瓶中,在氧气氛围下,通过LED灯(400-405 nm)照射,搅拌反应18小时。反应完毕后加入乙酸乙酯萃取,充分搅拌后静置分层,有机层经无水硫酸镁干燥、过滤、浓缩后,得到粗品,粗品经硅胶柱色谱法(乙酸乙酯 : 石油醚=1 : 10)提纯,得到白色固体1059 mg,收率为69%。1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.76 (d, J = 8.5 Hz, 2H), 7.68(dd, J = 8.2, 1.2 Hz, 2H), 7.51 (t, J = 7.4 Hz, 1H), 7.44 – 7.37 (m, 4H) 。
实施例18:
将1,2-二氯-4-(1-1-苯基乙烯基)苯(1.2 g,5.0 mmol)、四氢呋喃(180 mg,50%mol)、水(30 mL)加入100 mL反应瓶中,在氧气氛围下,通过LED灯(400-405 nm)照射,搅拌反应36小时。反应完毕后加入乙酸乙酯萃取,充分搅拌后静置分层,有机层经无水硫酸镁干燥、过滤、浓缩后,得到粗品,粗品经硅胶柱色谱法(乙酸乙酯 : 石油醚=1 : 10)提纯,得到白色固体830 mg,收率为66%。1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.81 (d, J = 1.9 Hz, 1H),7.71 – 7.67 (m, 2H), 7.54 (dt, J = 8.9, 4.6 Hz, 2H), 7.48 (d, J = 8.3 Hz,1H), 7.42 (t, J = 7.8 Hz, 2H) 。
实施例19:
将1-溴-4-(1-(对甲苯基)乙烯基)苯(1.4 g,5.0 mmol)、四氢呋喃(180 mg,50%mol)、水(30 mL)加入100 mL反应瓶中,在氧气氛围下,通过LED灯(400-405 nm)照射,搅拌反应36小时。反应完毕后加入乙酸乙酯萃取,充分搅拌后静置分层,有机层经无水硫酸镁干燥、过滤、浓缩后,得到粗品,粗品经硅胶柱色谱法(乙酸乙酯 : 石油醚=1 : 10)提纯,得到白色固体853 mg,收率为68%。1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.73 (d, J = 8.6 Hz, 2H),7.69 (d, J = 8.1 Hz, 2H), 7.44 (d, J = 8.6 Hz, 2H), 7.28 (d, J = 7.9 Hz, 2H),2.44 (s, 3H) 。
实施例20:
将2-(1-(对甲苯基)乙烯基)噻吩(1.0 g,5.0 mmol)、1,4-二氧六环(220 mg,50%mol)、水(30 mL)加入100 mL反应瓶中,在氧气氛围下,通过LED灯(400-405 nm)照射,搅拌反应18小时。反应完毕后加入乙酸乙酯萃取,充分搅拌后静置分层,有机层经无水硫酸镁干燥、过滤、浓缩后,得到粗品,粗品经硅胶柱色谱法(乙酸乙酯 : 石油醚=1 : 10)提纯,得到黄色液体689 mg,收率为68%。1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.79 (d, J = 8.1 Hz, 2H),7.70 (dd, J = 4.9, 1.0 Hz, 1H), 7.65 (dd, J = 3.8, 1.0 Hz, 1H), 7.30 (d, J =8.0 Hz, 2H), 7.16 (dd, J = 4.9, 3.8 Hz, 1H), 2.45 (s, 3H) 。
实施例21:
将化合物(VI)(1.8 g,5.0 mmol)、四氢呋喃(180 mg,50% mol)、水(30 mL)加入100 mL反应瓶中,在氧气氛围下,通过LED灯(400-405 nm)照射,搅拌反应18小时。反应完毕后加入乙酸乙酯萃取,充分搅拌后静置分层,有机层经无水硫酸镁干燥、过滤、浓缩后,得到粗品,粗品经硅胶柱色谱法(乙酸乙酯 : 石油醚=1 : 10)提纯,得到白色固体产物(V)1.3g,收率为70%。1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.73 (d, J = 8.9 Hz, 2H), 7.70 (d, J =8.6 Hz, 2H), 7.45 (d, J = 8.6 Hz, 2H), 6.87 (d, J = 8.9 Hz, 2H), 5.13 – 5.05(m, 1H), 1.66 (s, 6H), 1.21 (d, J = 6.3 Hz, 6H) 。
实施例22:
将化合物(VIII)(1.6 g,5.0 mmol)、四氢呋喃(180 mg,50% mol)、水(30 mL)加入100 mL反应瓶中,在氧气氛围下,通过LED灯(400-405 nm)照射,搅拌反应18小时。反应完毕后加入乙酸乙酯萃取,充分搅拌后静置分层,有机层经无水硫酸镁干燥、过滤、浓缩后,得到粗品,粗品经硅胶柱色谱法(乙酸乙酯 : 石油醚=1 : 10)提纯,得到黄色液体产物(VII)1.2 g,收率为68%。1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.90 (d, J = 7.5 Hz, 2H), 7.57 (t, J= 7.4 Hz, 1H), 7.45 (t, J = 7.7 Hz, 2H), 7.15 (d, J = 8.0 Hz, 2H), 7.04 (d, J= 8.0 Hz, 2H), 4.55 – 4.48 (m, 2H), 3.66 (q, J = 7.2 Hz, 1H), 3.26 – 3.21 (m,2H), 2.42 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H), 1.83 (dd, J = 13.5, 6.7 Hz, 1H), 1.46 (d, J =7.2 Hz, 3H), 0.88 (d, J = 6.6 Hz, 6H); 13C NMR (126 MHz, CDCl3) δ 197.1,174.7, 140.5, 137.6, 136.7, 133.4, 129.3, 128.7, 128.1, 127.1, 60.1, 45.1,45.0, 37.3, 30.2, 22.4, 18.5; HRMS (ESI+): Calculated for C22H26O3Na: [M + Na]+361.1774, Found 361.1777。
实施例23:
反应添加剂换为1,4-二氧六环,其他操作同实施例1,得436 mg无色液体,收率为64%。
实施例24:
反应添加剂换为二乙二醇二甲醚,其他操作同实施例1,得477 mg无色液体,收率为70%。
实施例25:
四氢呋喃与对甲氧基苯乙烯的投料质量比为0.3:1,其他操作同实施例1,得449mg黄色固体,收率为66%。
实施例26:
四氢呋喃与对甲氧基苯乙烯的投料质量比为1:1,其他操作同实施例1,得524 mg无色液体,收率为77%。
实施例27:
反应时长变为12小时,其他操作同实施例1,得354 mg无色液体,收率为52%。
实施例28:
反应时长变为24小时,其他操作同实施例1,得456 mg无色液体,收率为67%。
实施例29:
反应催化光波长变为360-365 nm,其他操作同实施例1,得265 mg无色液体,收率为39%。
本发明实施例所得的芳基醛酮衍生物在医药化工、材料、染料等领域具有潜在的应用前景。
Claims (8)
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种芳基醛酮,其特征在于取代苯基中的取代基为烷基、卤素、三氟甲基、苯基或硝基。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种芳基醛酮的合成方法,其特征在于添加剂为四氢呋喃、1,4-二氧六环、二乙二醇二甲醚、1,2-二甲氧基乙烷、2,5-二甲基四氢呋喃、2-氯甲基四氢呋喃中的任意一种,添加剂与烯烃的投料摩尔比为0.3~1 : 1,优选为0.5 : 1。
5.根据权利要求3所述的一种芳基醛酮的合成方法,其特征在于分子氧为在空气、氧气氛围下反应,优选为氧气;反应时间为12~48小时,优选为12~36小时,最优为18小时。
6.根据权利要求3所述的一种芳基醛酮的合成方法,其特征在于光催化中,光波长为360–365 nm、395–400 nm、400–405 nm、410–415 nm或420–425 nm,最优为400-405 nm。
7.根据权利要求3所述的一种芳基醛酮的合成方法,其特征在于具体包括如下步骤:
将如式(Ⅰ)所示的烯烃置于反应瓶中,加入添加剂和溶剂水,在分子氧作用下,室温可见光催化反应12~36小时,反应完毕后加入乙酸乙酯萃取分层,有机层经无水硫酸镁或无水硫酸钠干燥、过滤、浓缩得到粗品,粗品经硅胶柱色谱法提纯,硅胶柱色谱法所用的溶剂为体积比为1:10的乙酸乙酯和石油醚混合液,得到目标产物。
8.根据权利要求7所述的一种芳基醛酮的合成方法,其特征在于添加剂为四氢呋喃、1,4-二氧六环、二乙二醇二甲醚、1,2-二甲氧基乙烷、2,5-二甲基四氢呋喃、2-氯甲基四氢呋喃中的任意一种。
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