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CN113429272A - 一种芳基醛酮及其合成方法 - Google Patents

一种芳基醛酮及其合成方法 Download PDF

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CN113429272A
CN113429272A CN202110684283.6A CN202110684283A CN113429272A CN 113429272 A CN113429272 A CN 113429272A CN 202110684283 A CN202110684283 A CN 202110684283A CN 113429272 A CN113429272 A CN 113429272A
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ethyl acetate
aldehyde ketone
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徐骏
张怡岚
岳晓光
章鹏飞
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Hangzhou Normal University
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种芳基醛酮及其合成方法,它以廉价的烯烃为原料合成芳基醛、酮类化合物,具体为以市售廉价的烯烃为原料,醚作为添加剂,分子氧作为唯一的氧化剂,水作为溶剂,在光催化条件下反应,通过柱层析法合成醛、酮。本发明具有反应条件温和、方法绿色环保、实验操作简单、反应选择性好、产物收率高等优点,本发明通过该限定方法得到的化合物,其适用底物范围广,能用于抗高脂血症药物非诺贝特等的绿色高效合成。

Description

一种芳基醛酮及其合成方法
技术领域
本发明属于医药化工中间体合成技术领域,具体涉及一种芳基醛酮及其合成方法。
背景技术
醛、酮由于其在香料、食品添加剂、制药、农化化学品和其他化工行业的广泛存在和广泛应用,是非常重要的中间体。例如,式(Ⅲ)所示的化合物(Ⅲ)可用作香料,配制花香型香精,用于食品及化妆品、香皂等;医药上用作抗组胺药物的中间体,如制抗菌素羟氨苄基青霉素等。式(IV)所示的化合物(IV)是紫外线吸收剂、有机颜料、医药、香料、杀虫剂的中间体,医药工业中用于生产双环己哌啶、苯海拉明盐酸盐等。式(V)所示的化合物(V)是非诺贝特,一种用于治疗成人饮食控制疗法效果不理想的高脂血症的药物。这些都体现了醛酮及其衍生物在其他领域的应用价值。
Figure 829065DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
目前,有许多方法可用于烯烃的氧化裂解合成醛酮,主要包括:臭氧分解;加入一些金属氧化物(KMnO4、OsO4、RuO4等);将过渡金属作为催化剂与过氧化物、过氧酸和其他氧化剂结合使用;电化学法;有机分子与氧化剂和氧气结合使用等。这些工艺通常存在安全隐患,如使用昂贵的有毒金属或使用过量的氧化剂,而有些氧化剂价格昂贵,甚至可能会产生大量的副产品,大大降低了反应的原子经济性。
因此,开发简单、经济和绿色合成醛、酮及其衍生物的新方法受到人们的广泛关注。而光催化有机合成拥有反应条件温和,能源可再生和反应效率较高等优点。本发明以廉价易得的烯烃为原料,醚为添加剂,通过光照射,以高选择性,高产率得到了一系列芳基醛酮及其衍生物。该类化合物是有机合成中的重要中间体,具有较好的研究和应用价值。
发明内容
针对现有技术中存在的上述问题,本发明提供了一种简便、高效芳基醛酮及其合成方法。
本发明限定的一种芳基醛酮,其特征在于其结构式如式(II)所示:
Figure 685026DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
其中:R为氢、烷基、苯基、4-甲基苯基;Ar为芳基,所述芳基为取代苯基、呋喃基、吡啶基或噻吩基。
进一步地,本发明限定了取代苯基中的取代基为烷基、卤素、三氟甲基、苯基或硝基。
进一步地,本发明还限定了所述芳基醛酮的合成方法,其特征在于以如式(Ⅰ)所示的烯烃为原料,以醚为添加剂,以水作溶剂,在分子氧作用下,光催化下合成如式(II)所示的醛或酮,其反应方程式如下:
Figure 382724DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
其中:R为氢、烷基、苯基、4-甲基苯基;Ar为芳基,所述芳基为取代苯基、呋喃基、吡啶基或噻吩基。
进一步地,本发明还限定了添加剂为四氢呋喃、1,4-二氧六环、二乙二醇二甲醚、1,2-二甲氧基乙烷、2,5-二甲基四氢呋喃、2-氯甲基四氢呋喃中的任意一种,添加剂与烯烃的投料摩尔比为0.3~1 : 1,优选为0.5 : 1。
进一步地,本发明还限定了分子氧为在空气、氧气氛围下反应,优选为氧气;反应时间为12~48小时,优选为12~36小时,最优为18小时。
进一步地,本发明还限定了光催化中,光波长为360–365 nm、395–400 nm、400–405nm、410–415 nm或420–425 nm,最优为400-405 nm。
更进一步地,本发明还限定了一种芳基醛酮的合成方法,具体包括如下步骤:
将如式(Ⅰ)所示的烯烃置于反应瓶中,加入添加剂和溶剂水,在分子氧作用下,室温可见光催化反应12~36小时,反应完毕后加入乙酸乙酯萃取分层,有机层经无水硫酸镁或无水硫酸钠干燥、过滤、浓缩得到粗品,粗品经硅胶柱色谱法提纯,硅胶柱色谱法所用的溶剂为体积比为1:10的乙酸乙酯和石油醚混合液,得到目标产物,进一步限定了添加剂为四氢呋喃、1,4-二氧六环、二乙二醇二甲醚、1,2-二甲氧基乙烷、2,5-二甲基四氢呋喃、2-氯甲基四氢呋喃中的任意一种。
通过采用上述技术,与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果如下:
本发明通过采用限定的方法,合成一系列芳基醛酮,通过可见光催化反应,其反应条件温和,具有能源可再生和反应效率较高等优点;本发明以廉价易得的烯烃为原料,在分子氧及醚的作用下,通过光照射,以高选择性、高产率得到了一系列芳基醛酮及其衍生物,其合成方法操作简单、经济且绿色环保,所得的化合物是有机药物合成中的重要中间体,具有较好的研究和应用价值。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明进行进一步描述,但本发明的保护范围并不仅限于此:
实施例1:
Figure 742161DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
将对甲氧基苯乙烯(670 mg,5.0 mmol)、四氢呋喃(180 mg,50% mol)、水(30 mL)加入100 mL反应瓶中,在氧气氛围下,通过LED灯(400-405 nm)照射,搅拌反应18小时,反应完毕后加入乙酸乙酯萃取,充分搅拌后静置分层,有机层经无水硫酸镁干燥、过滤、浓缩后,得到粗品,粗品经硅胶柱色谱法(乙酸乙酯 : 石油醚=1 : 10)提纯,得到无色液体531 mg,收率为78%。1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3) δ 9.89 (s, 1H), 7.84 (d, J = 8.9 Hz, 2H),7.03 – 6.98 (m, 2H), 3.89 (s, 3H)。
实施例2:
Figure 132691DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
将4-乙烯基联苯(901 mg,5.0 mmol)、四氢呋喃(180 mg,50% mol)、水(30 mL)加入100 mL反应瓶中,在氧气氛围下,通过LED灯(400-405 nm)照射,搅拌反应18小时,反应完毕后加入乙酸乙酯萃取,充分搅拌后静置分层,有机层经无水硫酸镁干燥、过滤、浓缩后,得到粗品,粗品经硅胶柱色谱法(乙酸乙酯 : 石油醚=1 : 10)提纯,得到白色固体683 mg,收率为75%。1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3) δ 10.09 (s, 1H), 7.99 (d, J = 8.3 Hz, 2H),7.79 (d, J = 8.3 Hz, 2H), 7.67 (d, J = 7.1 Hz, 2H), 7.52 (t, J = 7.5 Hz, 2H),7.45 (t, J = 7.3 Hz, 1H) 。
实施例3:
Figure 210368DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
将4-三氟甲基苯乙烯(930 mg,5.0 mmol)、四氢呋喃(180 mg,50% mol)、水(30mL)加入100 mL反应瓶中,在分子氧氛围下,用LED灯(400-405 nm)光照搅拌反应18小时。反应完毕后加入乙酸乙酯萃取,充分搅拌后静置分层,有机层经无水硫酸镁干燥、过滤、浓缩后,得到粗品,粗品经硅胶柱色谱法(乙酸乙酯 : 石油醚=1 : 10)提纯,得到无色液体605mg,收率为70%。1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3) δ 10.11 (s, 1H), 8.02 (d, J = 8.0 Hz,2H), 7.81 (d, J = 8.2 Hz, 2H) 。
实施例4:
Figure 977336DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
将3-氟苯乙烯(611 mg,5.0 mmol)、四氢呋喃(180 mg,50% mol)、水(30 mL)加入100 mL反应瓶中,在氧气氛围下,通过LED灯(400-405 nm)照射,搅拌反应18小时。反应完毕后加入乙酸乙酯萃取,充分搅拌后静置分层,有机层经无水硫酸镁干燥、过滤、浓缩后,得到粗品,粗品经硅胶柱色谱法(乙酸乙酯 : 石油醚=1 : 10)提纯,得到淡黄色液体455 mg,收率为73%。1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3) δ 10.01 (s, 1H), 7.70 (d, J = 7.6 Hz, 1H),7.61 – 7.51 (m, 2H), 7.35 (td, J = 8.3, 2.7 Hz, 1H) 。
实施例5:
Figure 253596DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
将2-甲基苯乙烯(591 mg,5.0 mmol)、四氢呋喃(180 mg,50% mol)、水(30 mL)加入100 mL反应瓶中,在氧气氛围下,通过LED灯(410-415 nm)照射,搅拌反应18小时。反应完毕后加入乙酸乙酯萃取,充分搅拌后静置分层,有机层经无水硫酸镁干燥、过滤、浓缩后,得到粗品,粗品经硅胶柱色谱法(乙酸乙酯 : 石油醚=1 : 10)提纯,得到无色液体418 mg,收率为70%。1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3) δ 10.29 (s, 1H), 7.82 (d, J = 7.6 Hz, 1H),7.50 (t, J = 7.5 Hz, 1H), 7.38 (t, J = 7.5 Hz, 1H), 7.28 (d, J = 7.6 Hz, 1H),2.70 (s, 3H) 。
实施例6:
Figure 690394DEST_PATH_IMAGE009
将2-乙烯基萘(771 mg,5.0 mmol)、1,4-二氧六环(220 mg,50% mol)、水(30 mL)加入100 mL反应瓶中,在分子氧氛围下,用LED灯(400-405 nm)光照搅拌反应24小时。反应完毕后加入乙酸乙酯萃取,充分搅拌后静置分层,有机层经无水硫酸镁干燥、过滤、浓缩后,得到粗品,粗品经硅胶柱色谱法(乙酸乙酯 : 石油醚=1 : 10)提纯,得到白色固体479 mg,收率为61%。1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3) δ 10.15 (s, 1H), 8.33 (s, 1H), 7.99 (d, J =8.1 Hz, 1H), 7.96 – 7.88 (m, 3H), 7.63 (dd, J = 12.2, 4.0 Hz, 1H), 7.58 (t, J = 7.5 Hz, 1H) 。
实施例7:
Figure 114422DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
将2-乙烯吡啶(526 mg,5.0 mmol)、1,4-二氧六环(220 mg,50% mol)、水(30 mL)加入100 mL反应瓶中,在氧气氛围下,通过LED灯(400-405 nm)照射,搅拌反应18小时。反应完毕后加入乙酸乙酯萃取,充分搅拌后静置分层,有机层经无水硫酸镁干燥、过滤、浓缩后,得到粗品,粗品经硅胶柱色谱法(乙酸乙酯 : 石油醚=1 : 10)提纯,得到淡黄色液体258mg,收率为48%。1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3) δ 10.09 (s, 1H), 8.81 (dd, J = 6.0, 2.4Hz, 1H), 8.02 – 7.94 (m, 1H), 7.89 (dd, J = 2.3, 1.6 Hz, 1H), 7.58 – 7.50 (m,1H) 。
实施例8:
Figure 294868DEST_PATH_IMAGE011
将1-异丙烯基-4-甲氧基苯(741 mg,5.0 mmol)、四氢呋喃(180 mg,50% mol)、水(30 mL)、水(3.0 mL)加入100 mL反应瓶中,在氧气氛围下,通过LED灯(400-405 nm)照射,搅拌反应12小时。反应完毕后加入乙酸乙酯萃取,充分搅拌后静置分层,有机层经无水硫酸镁干燥、过滤、浓缩后,得到粗品,粗品经硅胶柱色谱法(乙酸乙酯 : 石油醚=1 : 10)提纯,得到白色固体630 mg,收率为84%。1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.95 (d, J = 8.9 Hz,2H), 6.94 (d, J = 8.8 Hz, 2H), 3.88 (s, 3H), 2.57 (s, 3H) 。
实施例9:
Figure 425635DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
将4-氯-α-甲基苯乙烯(763 mg,5.0 mmol)、四氢呋喃(180 mg,50% mol)、水(30mL)加入100 mL反应瓶中,在氧气氛围下,通过LED灯(400-405 nm)照射,搅拌反应18小时。反应完毕后加入乙酸乙酯萃取,充分搅拌后静置分层,有机层经无水硫酸镁干燥、过滤、浓缩后,得到粗品,粗品经硅胶柱色谱法(乙酸乙酯 : 石油醚=1 : 10)提纯,得到无色液体629 mg,收率为81%。1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.89 (dd, J = 8.6, 1.0 Hz, 2H),7.42 (dd, J = 8.5, 1.2 Hz, 2H), 2.58 (s, 3H) 。
实施例10:
Figure 160897DEST_PATH_IMAGE013
将4-硝基-α-甲基苯乙烯(815 mg,5.0 mmol)、四氢呋喃(180 mg,50% mol)、水(30mL)加入100 mL反应瓶中,在氧气氛围下,通过LED灯(420-425 nm)照射,搅拌反应36小时。反应完毕后加入乙酸乙酯萃取,充分搅拌后静置分层,有机层经无水硫酸镁干燥、过滤、浓缩后,得到粗品,粗品经硅胶柱色谱法(乙酸乙酯 : 石油醚=1 : 10)提纯,得到淡黄色固体287 mg,收率为35%。1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.30 (d, J = 6.9 Hz, 2H), 8.10 (d,J = 8.9 Hz, 2H), 2.67 (s, 3H) 。
实施例11:
Figure 213167DEST_PATH_IMAGE014
将α-乙基苯乙烯(660 mg,5.0 mmol)、四氢呋喃(180 mg,50% mol)、水(30 mL)加入100 mL反应瓶中,在氧气氛围下,通过LED灯(400-405 nm)照射,搅拌反应18小时。反应完毕后加入乙酸乙酯萃取,充分搅拌后静置分层,有机层经无水硫酸镁干燥、过滤、浓缩后,得到粗品,粗品经硅胶柱色谱法(乙酸乙酯 : 石油醚=1 : 10)提纯,得到无色液体557 mg,收率为81%。1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.98 (dd, J = 8.3, 1.1 Hz, 2H), 7.56 (t, J =7.4 Hz, 1H), 7.47 (t, J = 7.6 Hz, 2H), 3.02 (q, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H), 1.25 (t, J =7.3 Hz, 3H) 。
实施例12:
Figure 790779DEST_PATH_IMAGE015
将1-亚甲基-1,2,3,4-四氢萘(720 mg,5.0 mmol)、二乙二醇二甲醚(335 mg,50%mol)、水(30 mL)加入100 mL反应瓶中,在氧气氛围下,通过LED灯(400-405 nm)照射,搅拌反应36小时。反应完毕后加入乙酸乙酯萃取,充分搅拌后静置分层,有机层经无水硫酸镁干燥、过滤、浓缩后,得到粗品,粗品经硅胶柱色谱法(乙酸乙酯 : 石油醚=1 : 10)提纯,得到无色液体406 mg,收率为58%。1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.05 (d, J = 7.8 Hz, 1H),7.48 (t, J = 7.4 Hz, 1H), 7.32 (t, J = 7.5 Hz, 1H), 7.27 (d, J = 7.6 Hz, 1H),2.98 (t, J = 6.1 Hz, 2H), 2.70 – 2.65 (m, 2H), 2.18 – 2.12 (m, 2H) 。
实施例13:
Figure 244894DEST_PATH_IMAGE016
将2-异丙烯基呋喃(540 mg,5.0 mmol)、四氢呋喃(180 mg,50% mol)、水(30 mL)加入100 mL反应瓶中,在氧气氛围下,通过LED灯(410-415 nm)照射,搅拌反应18小时。反应完毕后加入乙酸乙酯萃取,充分搅拌后静置分层,有机层经无水硫酸镁干燥、过滤、浓缩后,得到粗品,粗品经硅胶柱色谱法(乙酸乙酯 : 石油醚=1 : 10)提纯,得到无色液体268 mg,收率为49%。1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.61 – 7.57 (m, 1H), 7.18 (d, J = 3.6 Hz,1H), 6.55 – 6.52 (m, 1H), 2.48 (s, 3H) 。
实施例14:
Figure 820232DEST_PATH_IMAGE017
将4-(1-甲基-1-丙烯基)-吡啶(596 mg,5.0 mmol)、四氢呋喃(180 mg,50% mol)、水(30 mL)加入100 mL反应瓶中,在氧气氛围下,通过LED灯(420-425 nm)照射,搅拌反应36小时。反应完毕后加入乙酸乙酯萃取,充分搅拌后静置分层,有机层经无水硫酸镁干燥、过滤、浓缩后,得到粗品,粗品经硅胶柱色谱法(乙酸乙酯 : 石油醚=1 : 10)提纯,得到淡黄色液体333 mg,收率为48%。1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.72 – 8.66 (m, 1H), 8.04(dd, J = 7.9, 1.0 Hz, 1H), 7.84 (dt, J = 9.4, 4.7 Hz, 1H), 7.50 – 7.43 (m,1H), 2.73 (s, 3H) 。
实施例15:
Figure 484431DEST_PATH_IMAGE018
将2-异丙烯基噻吩(621 mg,5.0 mmol)、四氢呋喃(180 mg,50% mol)、水(30 mL)加入100 mL反应瓶中,在氧气氛围下,通过LED灯(400-405 nm)照射,搅拌反应36小时。反应完毕后加入乙酸乙酯萃取,充分搅拌后静置分层,有机层经无水硫酸镁干燥、过滤、浓缩后,得到粗品,粗品经硅胶柱色谱法(乙酸乙酯 : 石油醚=1 : 10)提纯,得到淡黄色液体375mg,收率为60%。1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.70 (d, J = 3.7 Hz, 1H), 7.63 (d, J =4.9 Hz, 1H), 7.16 – 7.10 (m, 1H), 2.56 (s, 3H) 。
实施例16:
Figure 6679DEST_PATH_IMAGE019
将1,1-二苯乙烯(901 mg,5.0 mmol)、四氢呋喃(180 mg,50% mol)、水(30 mL)加入100 mL反应瓶中,在氧气氛围下,通过LED灯(400-405 nm)照射,搅拌反应18小时。反应完毕后加入乙酸乙酯萃取,充分搅拌后静置分层,有机层经无水硫酸镁干燥、过滤、浓缩后,得到粗品,粗品经硅胶柱色谱法(乙酸乙酯 : 石油醚=1 : 10)提纯,得到黄色液体724 mg,收率为80%。1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.83 – 7.78 (m, 4H), 7.59 (t, J = 7.4 Hz,2H), 7.48 (t, J = 7.7 Hz, 4H) 。
实施例17:
Figure 174355DEST_PATH_IMAGE020
将1-碘-4-(1-苯基乙烯基)苯(1.5 g,5.0 mmol)、四氢呋喃(180 mg,50% mol)、水(30 mL)加入100 mL反应瓶中,在氧气氛围下,通过LED灯(400-405 nm)照射,搅拌反应18小时。反应完毕后加入乙酸乙酯萃取,充分搅拌后静置分层,有机层经无水硫酸镁干燥、过滤、浓缩后,得到粗品,粗品经硅胶柱色谱法(乙酸乙酯 : 石油醚=1 : 10)提纯,得到白色固体1059 mg,收率为69%。1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.76 (d, J = 8.5 Hz, 2H), 7.68(dd, J = 8.2, 1.2 Hz, 2H), 7.51 (t, J = 7.4 Hz, 1H), 7.44 – 7.37 (m, 4H) 。
实施例18:
Figure 123857DEST_PATH_IMAGE021
将1,2-二氯-4-(1-1-苯基乙烯基)苯(1.2 g,5.0 mmol)、四氢呋喃(180 mg,50%mol)、水(30 mL)加入100 mL反应瓶中,在氧气氛围下,通过LED灯(400-405 nm)照射,搅拌反应36小时。反应完毕后加入乙酸乙酯萃取,充分搅拌后静置分层,有机层经无水硫酸镁干燥、过滤、浓缩后,得到粗品,粗品经硅胶柱色谱法(乙酸乙酯 : 石油醚=1 : 10)提纯,得到白色固体830 mg,收率为66%。1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.81 (d, J = 1.9 Hz, 1H),7.71 – 7.67 (m, 2H), 7.54 (dt, J = 8.9, 4.6 Hz, 2H), 7.48 (d, J = 8.3 Hz,1H), 7.42 (t, J = 7.8 Hz, 2H) 。
实施例19:
Figure 681877DEST_PATH_IMAGE022
将1-溴-4-(1-(对甲苯基)乙烯基)苯(1.4 g,5.0 mmol)、四氢呋喃(180 mg,50%mol)、水(30 mL)加入100 mL反应瓶中,在氧气氛围下,通过LED灯(400-405 nm)照射,搅拌反应36小时。反应完毕后加入乙酸乙酯萃取,充分搅拌后静置分层,有机层经无水硫酸镁干燥、过滤、浓缩后,得到粗品,粗品经硅胶柱色谱法(乙酸乙酯 : 石油醚=1 : 10)提纯,得到白色固体853 mg,收率为68%。1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.73 (d, J = 8.6 Hz, 2H),7.69 (d, J = 8.1 Hz, 2H), 7.44 (d, J = 8.6 Hz, 2H), 7.28 (d, J = 7.9 Hz, 2H),2.44 (s, 3H) 。
实施例20:
Figure 132450DEST_PATH_IMAGE023
将2-(1-(对甲苯基)乙烯基)噻吩(1.0 g,5.0 mmol)、1,4-二氧六环(220 mg,50%mol)、水(30 mL)加入100 mL反应瓶中,在氧气氛围下,通过LED灯(400-405 nm)照射,搅拌反应18小时。反应完毕后加入乙酸乙酯萃取,充分搅拌后静置分层,有机层经无水硫酸镁干燥、过滤、浓缩后,得到粗品,粗品经硅胶柱色谱法(乙酸乙酯 : 石油醚=1 : 10)提纯,得到黄色液体689 mg,收率为68%。1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.79 (d, J = 8.1 Hz, 2H),7.70 (dd, J = 4.9, 1.0 Hz, 1H), 7.65 (dd, J = 3.8, 1.0 Hz, 1H), 7.30 (d, J =8.0 Hz, 2H), 7.16 (dd, J = 4.9, 3.8 Hz, 1H), 2.45 (s, 3H) 。
实施例21:
Figure 29999DEST_PATH_IMAGE024
将化合物(VI)(1.8 g,5.0 mmol)、四氢呋喃(180 mg,50% mol)、水(30 mL)加入100 mL反应瓶中,在氧气氛围下,通过LED灯(400-405 nm)照射,搅拌反应18小时。反应完毕后加入乙酸乙酯萃取,充分搅拌后静置分层,有机层经无水硫酸镁干燥、过滤、浓缩后,得到粗品,粗品经硅胶柱色谱法(乙酸乙酯 : 石油醚=1 : 10)提纯,得到白色固体产物(V)1.3g,收率为70%。1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.73 (d, J = 8.9 Hz, 2H), 7.70 (d, J =8.6 Hz, 2H), 7.45 (d, J = 8.6 Hz, 2H), 6.87 (d, J = 8.9 Hz, 2H), 5.13 – 5.05(m, 1H), 1.66 (s, 6H), 1.21 (d, J = 6.3 Hz, 6H) 。
实施例22:
Figure 275036DEST_PATH_IMAGE025
将化合物(VIII)(1.6 g,5.0 mmol)、四氢呋喃(180 mg,50% mol)、水(30 mL)加入100 mL反应瓶中,在氧气氛围下,通过LED灯(400-405 nm)照射,搅拌反应18小时。反应完毕后加入乙酸乙酯萃取,充分搅拌后静置分层,有机层经无水硫酸镁干燥、过滤、浓缩后,得到粗品,粗品经硅胶柱色谱法(乙酸乙酯 : 石油醚=1 : 10)提纯,得到黄色液体产物(VII)1.2 g,收率为68%。1H NMR (500 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.90 (d, J = 7.5 Hz, 2H), 7.57 (t, J= 7.4 Hz, 1H), 7.45 (t, J = 7.7 Hz, 2H), 7.15 (d, J = 8.0 Hz, 2H), 7.04 (d, J= 8.0 Hz, 2H), 4.55 – 4.48 (m, 2H), 3.66 (q, J = 7.2 Hz, 1H), 3.26 – 3.21 (m,2H), 2.42 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 2H), 1.83 (dd, J = 13.5, 6.7 Hz, 1H), 1.46 (d, J =7.2 Hz, 3H), 0.88 (d, J = 6.6 Hz, 6H); 13C NMR (126 MHz, CDCl3) δ 197.1,174.7, 140.5, 137.6, 136.7, 133.4, 129.3, 128.7, 128.1, 127.1, 60.1, 45.1,45.0, 37.3, 30.2, 22.4, 18.5; HRMS (ESI+): Calculated for C22H26O3Na: [M + Na]+361.1774, Found 361.1777。
实施例23:
反应添加剂换为1,4-二氧六环,其他操作同实施例1,得436 mg无色液体,收率为64%。
实施例24:
反应添加剂换为二乙二醇二甲醚,其他操作同实施例1,得477 mg无色液体,收率为70%。
实施例25:
四氢呋喃与对甲氧基苯乙烯的投料质量比为0.3:1,其他操作同实施例1,得449mg黄色固体,收率为66%。
实施例26:
四氢呋喃与对甲氧基苯乙烯的投料质量比为1:1,其他操作同实施例1,得524 mg无色液体,收率为77%。
实施例27:
反应时长变为12小时,其他操作同实施例1,得354 mg无色液体,收率为52%。
实施例28:
反应时长变为24小时,其他操作同实施例1,得456 mg无色液体,收率为67%。
实施例29:
反应催化光波长变为360-365 nm,其他操作同实施例1,得265 mg无色液体,收率为39%。
本发明实施例所得的芳基醛酮衍生物在医药化工、材料、染料等领域具有潜在的应用前景。

Claims (8)

1.一种芳基醛酮,其特征在于其结构式如式(II)所示:
Figure 220702DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
其中:R为氢、烷基、苯基、4-甲基苯基;Ar为芳基,所述芳基为取代苯基、呋喃基、吡啶基或噻吩基。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种芳基醛酮,其特征在于取代苯基中的取代基为烷基、卤素、三氟甲基、苯基或硝基。
3.一种根据权利要求1所述的芳基醛酮的合成方法,其特征在于以如式(Ⅰ)所示的烯烃为原料,以醚为添加剂,以水作溶剂,在分子氧作用下,光催化下合成如式(II)所示的醛或酮,其反应方程式如下:
Figure 256791DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
其中:R为氢、烷基、苯基、4-甲基苯基;Ar为芳基,所述芳基为取代苯基、呋喃基、吡啶基或噻吩基。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种芳基醛酮的合成方法,其特征在于添加剂为四氢呋喃、1,4-二氧六环、二乙二醇二甲醚、1,2-二甲氧基乙烷、2,5-二甲基四氢呋喃、2-氯甲基四氢呋喃中的任意一种,添加剂与烯烃的投料摩尔比为0.3~1 : 1,优选为0.5 : 1。
5.根据权利要求3所述的一种芳基醛酮的合成方法,其特征在于分子氧为在空气、氧气氛围下反应,优选为氧气;反应时间为12~48小时,优选为12~36小时,最优为18小时。
6.根据权利要求3所述的一种芳基醛酮的合成方法,其特征在于光催化中,光波长为360–365 nm、395–400 nm、400–405 nm、410–415 nm或420–425 nm,最优为400-405 nm。
7.根据权利要求3所述的一种芳基醛酮的合成方法,其特征在于具体包括如下步骤:
将如式(Ⅰ)所示的烯烃置于反应瓶中,加入添加剂和溶剂水,在分子氧作用下,室温可见光催化反应12~36小时,反应完毕后加入乙酸乙酯萃取分层,有机层经无水硫酸镁或无水硫酸钠干燥、过滤、浓缩得到粗品,粗品经硅胶柱色谱法提纯,硅胶柱色谱法所用的溶剂为体积比为1:10的乙酸乙酯和石油醚混合液,得到目标产物。
8.根据权利要求7所述的一种芳基醛酮的合成方法,其特征在于添加剂为四氢呋喃、1,4-二氧六环、二乙二醇二甲醚、1,2-二甲氧基乙烷、2,5-二甲基四氢呋喃、2-氯甲基四氢呋喃中的任意一种。
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