CN112238328A - Preparation method of high-steel-grade Ni-based alloy - Google Patents
Preparation method of high-steel-grade Ni-based alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN112238328A CN112238328A CN202011018635.6A CN202011018635A CN112238328A CN 112238328 A CN112238328 A CN 112238328A CN 202011018635 A CN202011018635 A CN 202011018635A CN 112238328 A CN112238328 A CN 112238328A
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- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000001192 hot extrusion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000012549 training Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000013067 intermediate product Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 23
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002068 genetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007761 roller coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002436 steel type Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000601 superalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007514 turning Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/08—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for tubular bodies or pipes
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation method of a high-steel-grade Ni-based alloy, which comprises the following steps: firstly, blank processing: machining the outer surface and the inner hole by a machine; secondly, heating the blank: preheating to 800-950 ℃, and heating to 1160-1200 ℃; lubricating: lubricating blank glass powder; fourthly, hot extrusion: hot extruding into a pierced billet; fifthly, heat treatment: carrying out heat treatment on the pierced billet to eliminate precipitated phases; sixthly, surface processing: removing oxide scale and crack defects; the training is as follows: inspecting the pierced billet ruler, the inner surface and the outer surface; cold rolling: the first pass is 2/3 for total deflection; self-skin deoiling: acid washing to remove oil; the method has the advantages of straightening: straightening the bent part of the pipe; cold rolling in the second time: 1/3 for total deflection; water pumping and oil removing: deoiling the finished product; and (6) performing selection and straightening: straightening a finished product pipe; fault detection with the following steps: flaw detection is carried out by an ultrasonic KK flaw detector; the method comprises the steps of checking the size of the original image and checking the performance. According to the invention, the pierced billet produced by hot extrusion is subjected to continuous deformation strengthening by two-pass continuous rolling, so that the preparation process is optimized, and the quality grade of the high-steel-grade Ni-based alloy is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of hot extrusion molding technology and cold rolling and tandem rolling manufacturing, and relates to a preparation method of a high-steel-grade Ni-based alloy.
Background
The nickel-based high-temperature alloy has wide application in the fields of petrochemical industry, aerospace and energy due to the excellent performance, and the demand of the nickel-based high-temperature alloy on pipes is increasing day by day. The production of nickel-base superalloys is also increasing to meet the demands of industrial development. The nickel-based alloy has a series of characteristics of high alloying element content, large heat deformation resistance, narrow workable temperature range and difficult control of structure, and is a difficult problem in the aspect of hot working.
The nickel-based alloy pipe is generally produced by adopting a hot extrusion and cold rolling mode. After the nickel-based alloy pipe is subjected to hot extrusion, the pierced billet needs to be subjected to heat treatment, the structure and precipitates of the pierced billet are adjusted, and the high-quality pierced billet is provided for the later-stage cold rolling and heat treatment production. For the nickel-based high-temperature alloy containing a large amount of alloy elements (particularly a large amount of solid solution strengthening element Mo), the phenomena of mixed crystals, carbide strips and abnormal grain growth often occur during the heat treatment of pierced billets, the phenomena are influenced by genetic effect and cannot be eliminated by the later cold rolling and heat treatment process, so that the structural properties of finished tubes are not good, and the loss is large.
Ni-based alloy high-steel grade pipes such as P125 steel grade are widely applied to petrochemical equipment and oil drilling equipment. The high-steel-grade Ni-based alloy product is widely used at home and abroad in recent years, and is widely applied to various fields due to good mechanical property and excellent corrosion resistance. The traditional production process is a hot rolling tube blank preparation and cold rolling process to produce finished products, which are basically developed to P110 steel grade at home and abroad, the deformation is basically controlled below 40%, especially for the connecting hoop material. The rolling force, the deformation, the hole pattern and the design of the core rod die of the cold rolling can not meet the requirements of higher steel grades such as P125 steel grade.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of a high-steel-grade Ni-based alloy, which optimizes the preparation process, produces a pierced billet through a hot extrusion process, then performs two-pass continuous rolling, and performs continuous deformation strengthening through the two-pass continuous rolling to improve the quality grade of the Ni-based alloy steel.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the preparation method of the high-steel-grade Ni-based alloy comprises the following steps of:
firstly, blank processing: according to the process requirements, machining the outer surface by using a lathe, and machining an inner hole by using a deep hole drilling machine;
secondly, heating the blank: preheating the blank to 800-950 ℃ in a ring furnace or a box type electric furnace, preserving heat for 2-3 hours, then heating to 1160-1200 ℃ by using medium frequency induction heating equipment, preserving heat for 1-3 minutes, and discharging;
lubricating: the outer surface and the inner hole of the blank and the space between the extrusion die and the workpiece in the extrusion process are lubricated by glass powder;
fourthly, hot extrusion: hot extruding the mixture into a pierced billet by a horizontal extruder;
fifthly, heat treatment: carrying out heat treatment on the pierced billet by using a roller-hearth continuous solid solution furnace to eliminate precipitated phases;
sixthly, surface processing: removing oxide skin and crack defects on the inner surface and the outer surface of the pierced billet by using a polishing machine;
the training is as follows: firstly, checking whether the size of the pierced billet meets the requirement of the technical specification, checking whether the inner surface of the pierced billet has crack defects through an endoscope, and detecting whether capillary cracks exist on the coloring outer surface; after the inner surface and the outer surface are inspected to have no defects, the process is transferred to a cold rolling procedure to prepare for cold rolling;
cold rolling: designing the total deformation required according to the steel grade requirement of a finished product pipe, designing the deformation as 2/3 of the total deformation in the first step, rolling an intermediate product, and controlling parameters of the outer diameter, the wall thickness, the length, the quality of the inner surface and the outer surface;
self-skin deoiling: deoiling is needed after the first rolling, lubricating oil on the surface of the pipe is removed completely, the next straightening is facilitated, and HF + HNO is used in the deoiling process3Acid washing with mixed acid to remove oil, wherein the mass concentration of HF is 2%, and HNO3The mass concentration is 12%, and the deoiling temperature is 30-40 ℃;
the method has the advantages of straightening: after deoiling, pressing and straightening on a press machine, and straightening the bent part of the pipe by utilizing a lever principle;
cold rolling in the second time: designing the required total deformation according to the steel grade requirement of a finished product pipe, designing the deformation into 1/3 of the total deformation by two-stage cold rolling, rolling the finished product, and controlling the parameters of the outer diameter, the wall thickness, the length, the inner surface quality and the outer surface quality of the finished product;
water pumping and oil removing: and a finished product deoiling procedure, namely performing acid washing deoiling by using HF + HNO3 mixed acid, wherein the mass concentration of HF is 2%, and HNO is used3The mass concentration is 12%, and the deoiling temperature is 30-40 ℃;
and (6) performing selection and straightening: straightening a finished product pipe by using a six-roller straightening machine;
fault detection with the following steps: performing flaw detection on the finished product pipe on line by adopting an ultrasonic KK flaw detector, wherein the flaw detection level is performed according to the technical standard requirement;
size check and performance check of the plain image: the size inspection uses an outer diameter micrometer and a wall thickness micrometer to inspect finished products one by one; the performance test is carried out in a physicochemical laboratory;
the pierced billet is formed by adopting a hot extrusion method. The second cold rolling adopts a second cold rolling continuous rolling process, oil removal straightening is directly carried out for secondary rolling after the first cold rolling, the intermediate product is not subjected to solid solution treatment, and secondary rolling strengthening is carried out on the intermediate product which is already subjected to deformation strengthening. The performance of the finished pipe is determined by two-pass total deformation strengthening, and aiming at different steel types and different steel grades, the large deformation strengthening which cannot be realized by one-pass cold rolling is carried out by using a two-pass cold rolling and continuous rolling method.
The length of the pierced billet produced by the hot extrusion process can be kept above 4 meters per pierced billet, two-pass continuous rolling is carried out according to the process requirements, and continuous deformation strengthening is carried out by the two-pass continuous rolling. Higher steel grades can be achieved. The deformation of the thick-wall pipe of the UNS N08028P 125 steel-grade hoop material needs to be 55-60%, the thick-wall pipe cannot meet the processing requirements after one-step cold rolling, and the thick-wall pipe is strengthened through two-pass grading, so that the required high-steel-grade Ni-based alloy is realized.
According to the invention, the pierced billet produced by the hot extrusion process is subjected to two-pass continuous rolling, and the high-steel-grade Ni-based alloy is produced by performing continuous deformation strengthening through the two-pass continuous rolling, so that the preparation process is optimized, and the product quality grade of the high-steel-grade Ni-based alloy is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic drawing of rolling;
FIG. 2 is a drawing A of the figure;
wherein: 1-hole type, 2-pierced billet and 3-rod core.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following examples and drawings. The scope of the invention is not limited to the embodiments, and those skilled in the art will be able to make modifications within the scope defined by the claims.
The invention relates to a preparation method of a high-steel-grade Ni-based alloy, which is characterized in that round steel with the steel number of UNS N08028 comprises the following process routes: blank processing → blank heating → lubrication → hot extrusion → heat treatment → surface treatment → inspection → cold rolling → deoiling → straightening → flaw detection → inspection → packaging and warehousing. The preparation method comprises the following specific steps:
firstly, blank processing: according to the process requirements, the outer surface is processed by sawing and turning, and the inner hole is processed by a deep hole drilling machine. The length is 680mm, the outer diameter is 357mm, the inner hole diameter is 45mm, the roughness of the outer surface is less than or equal to 2.5 mu m, and the outer edge of the head is chamfered R20 mm.
Secondly, heating the blank: preheating the blank in a box furnace, keeping the preheating temperature of 950 ℃ in a heat preservation area for 3.5 hours, then heating to 1190 ℃ by using medium-frequency induction heating equipment, keeping the temperature for 1-3 minutes, and discharging.
Lubricating: and lubricating the outer surface and the inner hole of the blank and the space between the extrusion die and the workpiece in the extrusion process by adopting glass powder. The outer surface of the blank is lubricated by adopting an automatic roller coating mode, and the glass powder is 844-7. The inner hole is lubricated by GN26 glass powder, the glass powder is uniformly scattered into the inner hole of the blank, a glass pad is used for lubrication between the hole pattern of the die and the workpiece, and the glass powder used for the glass pad is HDK-5 glass powder.
Fourthly, hot extrusion: as shown in figures 1 and 2, a 63MN horizontal extruder of Dannelli Italy is adopted for hot extrusion molding of the pierced billet 2, and a 357 series of extrusion cylinders are selected as the extrusion cylinders. The extrusion parameters were: the extrusion speed is 300-350mm/s, the extrusion ratio is 4.24, and the theoretical calculated extrusion force is 48-52 MN.
Fifthly, heat treatment: and (3) carrying out heat treatment on the pierced billet 2 by using a roller-hearth continuous solid solution furnace to eliminate precipitated phases. The heat treatment process parameters are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 Heat treatment Process parameters
Sixthly, surface processing: and removing oxide skin and crack defects on the inner surface and the outer surface of the pierced billet by using a polishing machine.
The training is as follows: firstly, whether the size of the pierced billet meets the requirements of the technical specification or not is checked, whether crack defects exist on the inner surface of the pierced billet or not is checked through an endoscope, and whether capillary cracks exist on the outer surface is detected through coloring. (ii) a And after the inner surface and the outer surface are inspected to have no defects, the cold rolling process is transferred to a cold rolling process to prepare for cold rolling.
Cold rolling: the total deformation required by the steel grade of the finished product pipe is designed, the deformation is designed to be 2/3 of the total deformation in the first step, the intermediate product is rolled, and parameters of the outer diameter, the wall thickness, the length, the quality of the inner surface and the outer surface are controlled.
Self-skin deoiling: deoiling is needed after the first rolling, lubricating oil on the surface of the pipe is removed completely, the next straightening is facilitated, and HF + HNO is used in the deoiling process3Acid washing with mixed acid to remove oil, wherein the mass concentration of HF is 2%, and HNO3The mass concentration is 12%, and the deoiling temperature is 30-40 ℃.
The method has the advantages of straightening: after deoiling, pressing and straightening on a press machine, and straightening the bent part of the pipe by utilizing a lever principle;
cold rolling in the second time: and designing the required total deformation according to the steel grade requirement of the finished product pipe, designing the deformation into 1/3 of the total deformation by two-stage cold rolling, rolling the finished product, and controlling various parameters of the outer diameter, the wall thickness, the length, the inner surface quality and the outer surface quality of the finished product.
Taking two times to remove oil: and a finished product deoiling procedure, namely performing acid washing deoiling by using HF + HNO3 mixed acid, wherein the mass concentration of HF is 2%, and HNO is used3The mass concentration is 12%, and the deoiling temperature is 30-40 ℃.
And (6) performing selection and straightening: and straightening the finished pipe by using a six-roller straightener.
Fault detection with the following steps: performing flaw detection on the finished product pipe on line by adopting an ultrasonic KK flaw detector, wherein the flaw detection level is performed according to the technical standard requirement;
size check and performance check of the plain image: the size inspection uses an outer diameter micrometer and a wall thickness micrometer to inspect finished products one by one; the performance test is carried out in a physicochemical laboratory;
tests show that the UNS N08028-based alloy P125 produced by the method disclosed by the invention meets the requirements of technical specifications in steel grade, dimensional precision, physical and chemical properties and mechanical properties.
Claims (4)
1. A preparation method of high-steel-grade Ni-based alloy is characterized by comprising the following steps: the preparation method comprises the following steps:
firstly, blank processing: according to the process requirements, machining the outer surface by using a lathe, and machining an inner hole by using a deep hole drilling machine;
secondly, heating the blank: preheating the blank to 800-950 ℃ in a ring furnace or a box type electric furnace, preserving heat for 2-3 hours, then heating to 1160-1200 ℃ by using medium frequency induction heating equipment, preserving heat for 1-3 minutes, and discharging;
lubricating: the outer surface and the inner hole of the blank and the space between the extrusion die and the workpiece in the extrusion process are lubricated by glass powder;
fourthly, hot extrusion: hot extruding into a pierced billet (2) by a horizontal extruder;
fifthly, heat treatment: carrying out heat treatment on the pierced billet by using a roller-hearth continuous solid solution furnace to eliminate precipitated phases;
sixthly, surface processing: removing oxide skin and crack defects on the inner surface and the outer surface of the pierced billet by using a polishing machine;
the training is as follows: firstly, checking whether the size of the pierced billet meets the requirement of the technical specification, checking whether the inner surface of the pierced billet has crack defects through an endoscope, and detecting whether capillary cracks exist on the coloring outer surface; after the inner surface and the outer surface are inspected to have no defects, the process is transferred to a cold rolling procedure to prepare for cold rolling;
cold rolling: designing the total deformation required according to the steel grade requirement of a finished product pipe, designing the deformation as 2/3 of the total deformation in the first step, rolling an intermediate product, and controlling parameters of the outer diameter, the wall thickness, the length, the quality of the inner surface and the outer surface;
self-skin deoiling: after the first rolling, the oil is removed to remove the lubricating oil on the surface of the pipeClean, convenient for next straightening, HF + HNO is used in the deoiling procedure3Acid washing with mixed acid to remove oil, wherein the mass concentration of HF is 2%, and HNO3The mass concentration is 12%, and the deoiling temperature is 30-40 ℃;
the method has the advantages of straightening: after deoiling, pressing and straightening on a press machine, and straightening the bent part of the pipe by utilizing a lever principle;
cold rolling in the second time: designing the required total deformation according to the steel grade requirement of a finished product pipe, designing the deformation into 1/3 of the total deformation by two-stage cold rolling, rolling the finished product, and controlling the parameters of the outer diameter, the wall thickness, the length, the inner surface quality and the outer surface quality of the finished product;
water pumping and oil removing: and a finished product deoiling procedure, namely performing acid washing deoiling by using HF + HNO3 mixed acid, wherein the mass concentration of HF is 2%, and HNO is used3The mass concentration is 12%, and the deoiling temperature is 30-40 ℃;
and (6) performing selection and straightening: straightening a finished product pipe by using a six-roller straightening machine;
fault detection with the following steps: performing flaw detection on the finished product pipe on line by adopting an ultrasonic KK flaw detector, wherein the flaw detection level is performed according to the technical standard requirement;
size check and performance check of the plain image: the size inspection uses an outer diameter micrometer and a wall thickness micrometer to inspect finished products one by one; performance testing was performed in a physicochemical laboratory.
2. The method for producing a high-grade Ni-based alloy according to claim 1, wherein: the pierced billet is a pierced billet (2) formed by a hot extrusion method.
3. The method for producing a high-grade Ni-based alloy according to claim 1, wherein: the second cold rolling adopts a second cold rolling continuous rolling process, oil removal straightening is directly carried out for secondary rolling after one rolling, the intermediate product is not subjected to solid solution treatment, and secondary rolling strengthening is carried out on the intermediate product which is already subjected to deformation strengthening.
4. The method for producing a high-grade Ni-based alloy according to claim 1, wherein: aiming at different steel grades and different steel grades, the large deformation strengthening which can not be realized by one-time cold rolling is carried out by using a two-time cold rolling and continuous rolling method.
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Cited By (3)
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| CN114472524A (en) * | 2022-01-26 | 2022-05-13 | 江苏银环精密钢管有限公司 | Preparation method of iron-nickel-based alloy oil well pipe |
| CN115401416A (en) * | 2022-09-08 | 2022-11-29 | 四川英拓金属材料有限公司 | Preparation method of nickel-based powder high-temperature alloy cold-rolled pipe difficult to deform |
| CN115921573A (en) * | 2022-12-05 | 2023-04-07 | 江苏银环精密钢管有限公司 | Manufacturing method of UNS N10276 hastelloy seamless heat exchange tube |
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Cited By (4)
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Application publication date: 20210119 |
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