CN111560051B - 一种具有促铁吸收活性的虾源九肽及其应用 - Google Patents
一种具有促铁吸收活性的虾源九肽及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K7/00—Peptides having 5 to 20 amino acids in a fully defined sequence; Derivatives thereof
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- C07K7/06—Linear peptides containing only normal peptide links having 5 to 11 amino acids
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
- A23L33/17—Amino acids, peptides or proteins
- A23L33/18—Peptides; Protein hydrolysates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种虾源九肽及其应用,所述虾源九肽的氨基酸序列如下所示:Asp‑Thr‑Asp‑Ser‑Glu‑Glu‑Glu‑Ile‑Arg,分子量1093.05Da。本发明所述虾源九肽使用多肽合成仪,采用固相合成法合成、高相液相色谱纯化、冷冻干燥而得。所述虾源九肽能够抵御胃肠道消化,经大鼠外翻肠囊模型转运时间90min时,Fe2+转运量为65.6±12.6μg/mL;可增强铁的递送能力,用于功能性保健品、营养强化食品等领域。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及功能性食品、营养强化食品等领域,具体涉及一种虾源九肽及其应用。
背景技术
铁元素是人体中含量最多的微量元素,在人体内分布广泛,成年男性体内含量为50mg,成年女性体内含量为35mg。人体主要通过肠道对铁的吸收来实现对铁的调控,人体每天损失1~2毫克的铁,通常经过膳食补充来获得,膳食中的铁进入人体,主要在十二指肠以及空肠上部被吸收。食物中的铁主要分为血红素铁和非血红素铁。血红素铁存在于动物性食物中,其吸收率较高,为15%~35%。然而,我国居民膳食多以植物性食物为主,植物性食物中的铁为非血红素铁。非血红素铁摄入后在人体肠道环境下会受到pH的影响形成不可溶的氢氧化铁沉淀,导致吸收率很低,并且饮食中多种膳食因子如多酚类化合物以及草酸植酸也会影响其吸收利用,从而导致铁缺乏症的出现。因此,如何改善非血红素铁的吸收利用引起了广泛的关注。
有研究表明,一些“肉类因子”对提高铁的吸收利用具有积极作用。食源性促铁吸收活性肽能够促进铁的吸收,增强铁的生物利用度。食源性促铁吸收活性肽的来源广泛,通常具有较小的分子量,能够改善铁在肠道中的转运效果。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种经质谱鉴定从南极磷虾胰蛋白酶水解物中获得的具有促进铁离子吸收功能的虾源九肽,可应用于功能性保健品、营养强化食品等领域。本发明以大鼠外翻肠囊模型来评价虾源九肽递送铁离子的功能。
一种虾源九肽,氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO:1所示,为Asp-Thr-Asp-Ser-Glu-Glu-Glu-Ile-Arg,缩写为DTDSEEEIR,分子量1093.05Da;其中,
Asp表示英文名称为Aspartic acid,中文名称为天冬氨酸的氨基酸相应残基;
Thr表示英文名称为Threonine,中文名称为苏氨酸的氨基酸相应残基;
Ser表示英文名称为Serine,中文名称为丝氨酸的氨基酸相应残基;
Glu表示英文名称为Glutamic acid,中文名称为谷氨酸的氨基酸相应残基;
Ile表示英文名称为Isoleucine,中文名称为异亮氨酸的氨基酸相应残基;
Arg表示英文名称为Arginine,中文名称为精氨酸的氨基酸相应残基。
本发明所述的氨基酸序列采用标准Fmoc方案,通过树脂的筛选,合理的多肽合成方法。将目标多肽的C-端羧基以共价键形式与不溶性的高分子树脂相连,以此氨基酸的氨基为起点,与另一个氨基酸的羧基反应形成肽键,重复该过程,形成目标多肽序列,再将肽链与树脂分离,得到目标多肽产物。多肽合成是一个重复添加氨基酸的过程,固相合成顺序从C端向N端合成。合成完毕,采用高效液相色谱进行纯化,液氮速冻,真空冷冻干燥,得到多肽成品。
本发明制备的虾源九肽DTDSEEEIR具有一定的抵御胃肠道蛋白酶消化的能力,具有经大鼠外翻肠囊模型递送铁离子的能力。在Fe2+含量为60mg/mL,虾源九肽:Fe2+摩尔比为1:2时,经大鼠外翻肠囊模型转运时间90min时,Fe2+转运量为65.6±12.6μg/mL;而相同Fe2+浓度的FeSO4溶液,经大鼠外翻肠囊模型转运时间90min时,Fe2+转运量仅为44.7±6.0μg/mL。
一种虾源九肽在递送Fe2+中的应用,所述虾源九肽的氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO:1所示。
一种虾源九肽在制备补铁药品、食品和/或保健品中的应用,所述虾源九肽的氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO:1所示。
一种铁补充剂,在制备时加入虾源九肽和Fe2+,含有虾源九肽和Fe2+,所述虾源九肽的氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO:1所示。
优选方式下,所述铁补充剂中虾源九肽和Fe2+摩尔比为1:2。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有如下优点和技术效果:
本发明首次合成了虾源九肽,并且所述虾源九肽经胃肠道消化后较好的保持其完整性,能够通过大鼠外翻肠囊模型递送铁离子,具有促铁吸收的作用,能够在铁补充剂、营养强化食品等领域应用。
附图说明
图1为本发明合成虾源九肽Asp-Thr-Asp-Ser-Glu-Glu-Glu-Ile-Arg(缩写DTDSEEEIR)的HPLC图。
图2为本发明合成虾源九肽Asp-Thr-Asp-Ser-Glu-Glu-Glu-Ile-Arg(缩写DTDSEEEIR)的ESI-MS图谱。
图3为本发明虾源九肽DTDSEEEIR经胃肠道模拟消化后的HPLC图谱。
图4为本发明虾源九肽DTDSEEEIR与Fe2+摩尔比为1:2时,经胃肠道模拟消化后的HPLC图谱。
图5为本发明虾源九肽DTDSEEEIR与Fe2+摩尔比为1:1时,经胃肠道模拟消化后的HPLC图谱。
图6为本发明虾源九肽DTDSEEEIR与Fe2+摩尔比为2:1时,经胃肠道模拟消化后的HPLC图谱。
图7为本发明Fe2+浓度为60mg/mL时铁转运结果图。不同字母表示各组之间存在显着差异(P<0.05)。
图8为本发明虾源九肽DTDSEEEIR与Fe2+摩尔比为1:2时经大鼠外翻肠囊模型吸收后HPLC图谱。
图9为本发明虾源九肽DTDSEEEIR与Fe2+摩尔比为1:1时经大鼠外翻肠囊模型吸收后HPLC图谱。
图10为本发明虾源九肽DTDSEEEIR与Fe2+摩尔比为2:1时经大鼠外翻肠囊模型吸收后HPLC图谱。
图11为本发明虾源九肽DTDSEEEIR经大鼠外翻肠囊模型吸收后转运量。不同字母表示各组之间存在显着差异(P<0.05)。
具体实施方式
以下结合具体实例对本发明作进一步说明,但本发明的实施和保护范围不限于此。对于未特别注明的工艺参数,可参照常规技术进行。
本发明所述虾源九肽的缩写为DTDSEEEIR,分子量1093.05Da。序列为:Asp-Thr-Asp-Ser-Glu-Glu-Glu-Ile-Arg;其中,
Asp表示英文名称为Aspartic acid,中文名称为天冬氨酸的氨基酸相应残基;
Thr表示英文名称为Threonine,中文名称为苏氨酸的氨基酸相应残基;
Ser表示英文名称为Serine,中文名称为丝氨酸的氨基酸相应残基;
Glu表示英文名称为Glutamic acid,中文名称为谷氨酸的氨基酸相应残基;
Ile表示英文名称为Isoleucine,中文名称为异亮氨酸的氨基酸相应残基;
Arg表示英文名称为Arginine,中文名称为精氨酸的氨基酸相应残基。
本发明所述的氨基酸序列采用标准Fmoc方案,通过树脂的筛选,合理的多肽合成方法。将目标多肽的C-端羧基以共价键形式与不溶性的高分子树脂相连,然后以这个氨基酸的氨基作为起点,与另一分子氨基酸的羧基作用形成肽键。不断重复这一过程,即可以得到目标多肽序列。合成反应完成后,去除保护基,将肽链与树脂分离,即得到目标产物。多肽合成是一个重复添加氨基酸的过程,固相合成顺序从C端向N端合成。合成完毕,采用高效液相色谱进行纯化,液氮速冻,真空冷冻干燥,得到多肽成品。
本发明制备的虾源九肽DTDSEEEIR可以抵御胃肠道消化,具有经大鼠外翻肠囊模型递送铁离子的能力。
本发明中在铁含量为60mg/mL,虾源九肽:Fe2+摩尔比为1:2时,经大鼠外翻肠囊模型转运时间90min时,Fe2+转运量为65.6±12.6μg/mL;而相同铁浓度的FeSO4溶液,经大鼠外翻肠囊模型转运时间90min时,Fe2+转运量仅为44.7±6.0μg/mL。
实施例1:虾源九肽DTDSEEEIR的获取
S1、南极磷虾脱脂粉的制备:向南极磷虾(Euphausia superba)粉中加入正己烷/无水乙醇混合液,50℃下搅拌6h;然后抽滤滤去有机溶剂后,再加入等体积的正己烷/无水乙醇混合液,50℃下搅拌6h,抽滤滤去有机溶剂,滤饼自然风干、粉碎,得到南极磷虾脱脂粉;其中,所述南极磷虾粉与正己烷/无水乙醇混合液的料液比为1:10g/mL(w/v);所述正己烷/无水乙醇混合液由正己烷和无水乙醇按体积比3:1混合而成;
S2、南极磷虾酶解物的制备:将步骤S1所述南极磷虾脱脂粉加水至底物蛋白浓度为2g/100mL制得酶解反应液,调节pH至8.0,以3000U/g底物蛋白的比例向所述酶解反应液中加入胰蛋白酶,反应3h;调pH至7.0,100℃水浴10min,10000r/min离心20min,取上清,冷冻干燥即得南极磷虾酶解物;
S3、促铁吸收活性肽的分离纯化:装填Sepharose 6Fast flow填料至层析柱中,将0.2M的FeCl3以1mL/min的流速装置至层析柱;孵育30min后,用超纯水冲洗除去未结合的铁离子;用平衡缓冲液平衡色谱柱;然后,将步骤S2所述南极磷虾酶解物以10mg/mL的浓度溶解在平衡缓冲液中,上样并孵育30min;用平衡缓冲液洗去未与铁结合的肽后,用洗脱液进行洗脱,获得铁结合肽,收集并冷冻干燥即为促铁吸收活性肽;其中平衡缓冲液为pH 5.5的含有0.05M乙酸钠和0.1M NaCl的溶液;洗脱液为pH5.5的含有0.02M Na2HPO4、0.1M NaCl、0.01mg/mL乙酸铵溶液;
S4、促铁吸收活性肽的HPLC-MS/MS鉴定:利用NanoLC-MS/MS质谱仪对步骤S3所述促铁吸收活性肽的肽序列鉴定,通过Peaks Studio软件从已建立的数据库中检索肽序列,鉴定出一条虾源九肽。
实验结果:鉴定出一条含有两个Asp、三个Glu以及一个Ser和一个Thr残基,分子量为1093.05Da的虾源九肽,其氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO:1所示,为Asp-Thr-Asp-Ser-Glu-Glu-Glu-Ile-Arg(DTDSEEEIR),含有潜在的铁离子结合位点。
实施例2:固相合成虾源九肽DTDSEEEIR
选用高分子树脂(合肥赛曼诺生物科技有限公司),按照氨基酸序列Asp-Thr-Asp-Ser-Glu-Glu-Glu-Ile-Arg(即SEQ ID NO:1)的特征,先将Arg的羧基与树脂共价相连,然后Arg的氨基和Ile的羧基缩合反应,然后再添加Glu,依次从右到左添加氨基酸,直至最后一个氨基酸Asp相连后,切除树脂从而得到目标多肽。利用高效液相色谱进行纯化,色谱柱型号为VYDAC-C18,尺寸4.6*250mm,流动相A为含有0.1%(v/v)三氟乙酸的乙腈;流动相B为含有0.1%(v/v)三氟乙酸的水;洗脱条件为:0~20.0min:流动相A由22.0%上升到32.0%;20.0~20.1min:流动相A由32.0%上升到100.0%;流速1.0mL/min,检测波长220nm。液氮速冻,冷冻干燥,得虾源九肽,要求纯度超过98%以上,实际纯度为98.49%,并经ESI-MS鉴定结构。图1为虾源九肽Asp-Thr-Asp-Ser-Glu-Glu-Glu-Ile-Arg的HPLC图。图2为虾源九肽Asp-Thr-Asp-Ser-Glu-Glu-Glu-Ile-Arg的ESI-MS图。
实施例3:虾源九肽消化特性
S1、模拟胃消化液及肠消化液配制方法:将40mg胃蛋白酶溶解于1mL 0.1N HCl中,配制模拟胃消化液;将120mg牛胆酸钠和20mg胰蛋白酶溶解于10mL0.1M的NaHCO3溶液中,配制模拟肠消化液;所述胃蛋白酶的酶活是3000U/mg,所述胰蛋白酶的酶活是2500U/mg;
S2、模拟胃消化:配制30mL 1mM的FeSO4溶液,加入本发明实施例2制备的虾源九肽,所述虾源九肽的浓度与Fe2+浓度的摩尔比分别为1:2、1:1、2:1,未加入FeSO4的1mM虾源九肽水溶液作为对照,37℃下孵育30min,用1M HCl将pH调至2.0,加入模拟胃消化液(胃蛋白酶:虾源九肽=1:100w/w),140rpm搅拌90min,模拟胃消化过程,获得模拟胃消化物,取2mL模拟胃消化物100℃水浴加热5min,10000r/min离心10min,取上清,即胃消化产物;
S3、模拟肠消化:将步骤S3所述的模拟胃消化物的pH调至6.5,加入模拟肠消化液(胰蛋白酶:虾源九肽=1:80w/w),140rpm搅拌,持续肠消化150min后,100℃水浴加热5min灭酶,10000rpm离心10min获得肠消化产物;
S4、消化产物保留率鉴定:将步骤S2和S3获得的胃消化物和肠消化物过滤后,用HPLC测定所述虾源九肽的保留率,测定条件如下:流动相A为含0.1%(v/v)三氟乙酸的乙腈溶液;流动相B为含0.1%(v/v)三氟乙酸的水溶液;洗脱条件为:0.0~20.0min,12%~32%A,20.0~20.1min,32%~100%A,20.1~25min,100%~12%A,流速为1.0mL/min,检测波长为220nm,进样量为10μL。
实验结果:虾源九肽的经模拟消化后的HPLC如图3~6所示,观察到6.5min左右的峰为虾源九肽,没有发生明显的降解。单纯的虾源九肽经模拟胃肠道消化后,表现出消化抗性,如表1所示,虾源九肽保留率为80%,加入不同摩尔比的Fe2+后,虾源九肽抵御消化的能力提高,模拟胃消化后保留率提升至90%以上,继续模拟肠消化后,虾源九肽与Fe2+摩尔比为1:2时保留率最高达93%。因此,虾源九肽与Fe2+以摩尔比1:2混合时,虾源九肽表现出的消化抗性最高,在胃肠道消化中更稳定。
表1:模拟胃肠消化后肽保留率
注:不同字母表示各组之间存在显着差异(P<0.05)。
实施例4:虾源九肽的促铁吸收特性研究
S1、大鼠外翻肠囊模型建立:实验前,将180~220g的SD大鼠禁食12~16h。经腹腔注射4%(w/v g/mL)的水合氯醛对禁食后的实验鼠进行麻醉,待大鼠失去知觉后,剖腹并取出约7cm小肠,将肠内容物冲洗干净,置于通氧(95%O2)的4℃缓冲液中,将肠段一端结扎,然后小心外翻,用缓冲液注满外翻后的肠段,得肠囊,置于持续通氧的37℃的缓冲液中备用;其中,所述缓冲液为:含有136mM NaCl,8.17mM KCl,1.0mM MgCl2,11.1mM葡萄糖和20mMHEPES的溶液。
S2、虾源九肽促铁吸收实验:将步骤S1所述肠段置于37℃样品缓冲液以及FeSO4缓冲液中,持续通入氧气,孵育90min,然后收集肠内溶液,利用原子吸收分光光度计测定肠内溶液的铁含量;其中,样品缓冲液的配置为:将实施例2制备的虾源九肽和FeSO4溶解在步骤S1所述缓冲液中,所述虾源九肽与Fe2+以摩尔比为1:2、1:1、2:1三个比例溶于步骤S1所述的缓冲液中,铁离子浓度为60mg/mL;FeSO4缓冲液为将FeSO4溶解在步骤S1所述缓冲液中,中Fe2+终浓度为60mg/mL。
S3、虾源九肽稳定性分析:取步骤S2所述的肠内溶液经0.22μm的滤膜过滤后,用HPLC测定虾源九肽的含量。检测条件如下:流动相A为含0.1%(v/v)三氟乙酸的乙腈溶液;流动相B为含0.1%(v/v)三氟乙酸的水溶液;洗脱条件为:0.0~20.0min,12%~32%A,20.0~20.1min,32%~100%A,20.1~25min,100%~12%A,流速为1.0mL/min,检测波长为220nm,进样量为10μL。
实验结果:本发明以FeSO4为对照,采用大鼠外翻肠囊模型分析虾源九肽经肠道细胞的促铁吸收活性。如图7所示,在Fe2+含量为60mg/mL,虾源九肽:Fe2+摩尔比为1:2时,所述虾源九肽经大鼠外翻肠囊模型转运90min时,Fe2+转运量为65.6±12.6μg/mL,显著高于FeSO4(44.7±6.0μg/mL)(P<0.05),表明虾源九肽具有良好的促铁吸收功能。与Fe2+不同摩尔比的虾源九肽转运后的HPLC图谱如图8~10所示,与Fe2+不同摩尔比的虾源九肽经大鼠外翻肠囊模型吸收后均发生了降解。图11为虾源九肽经大鼠外翻肠囊模型吸收后的转运量结果,其转运量以转运后的虾源九肽与加入的虾源九肽总量的比值表示。从图11中可以看出,虾源九肽与Fe2+的摩尔比为1:2时,虾源九肽的转运量最高,随着肽比例的增大,转运量降低,说明虾源九肽可能在转运的过程中被降解,从而导致其转运量降低,这与Fe2+转运量呈相同趋势,因此虾源九肽促铁吸收能力与其吸收过程中的完整性有关。
结论:本发明首次合成了虾源九肽,所述虾源九肽能够抵御胃肠道模拟消化,可以通过大鼠外翻肠囊模型递送铁离子,具有促铁吸收的作用。
以上所述,仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明披露的技术范围内,根据本发明的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。
序列表
<110> 大连工业大学
<120> 一种具有促铁吸收活性的虾源九肽及其应用
<130> ZR201109LQ
<160> 1
<170> SIPOSequenceListing 1.0
<210> 1
<211> 9
<212> PRT
<213> 人工序列(artificial sequence)
<400> 1
Asp Thr Asp Ser Glu Glu Glu Ile Arg
1 5
Claims (3)
1.一种虾源九肽在制备补铁药品中的应用,其特征在于,所述虾源九肽的氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO:1所示。
2.一种铁补充剂,其特征在于,含有虾源九肽和Fe2+,所述虾源九肽的氨基酸序列如SEQID NO:1所示。
3.根据权利要求2所述铁补充剂,其特征在于,所述虾源九肽和Fe2+摩尔比为1:2。
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