CN110828924A - Quick charging method and device for battery, terminal and storage medium - Google Patents
Quick charging method and device for battery, terminal and storage medium Download PDFInfo
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- 238000007600 charging Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 375
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 91
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000010277 constant-current charging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 11
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- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 9
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses a method, a device, a terminal and a storage medium for rapidly charging a battery, wherein the method comprises the following steps: determining a target SOC value of a battery to be charged, wherein the target SOC value comprises a plurality of preset SOC intervals; determining a target charging strategy, wherein the target charging strategy is set corresponding to a target SOC value; determining a charging current value, a charging time length and a discharging time length corresponding to each SOC interval according to a target charging strategy; when a battery to be charged is charged, performing constant-current charging on each SOC interval by using a corresponding charging current value in each charging time period; after the charging operation is finished in the current SOC interval, constant current discharging is carried out on the battery to be charged by pulse current with a preset magnitude within the discharging time. In addition, the embodiment of the invention also discloses a device for rapidly charging the battery, a terminal and a computer readable storage medium. By adopting the invention, the charging time of the battery can be shortened, the charging process of the battery is monitored, and the charging safety of the battery is favorably improved.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of battery technologies, and in particular, to a method and an apparatus for quickly charging a battery, a terminal, and a storage medium.
Background
Compared with a disposable battery, the rechargeable battery can recover the electric quantity after the electric quantity of the rechargeable battery is insufficient under the condition that the rechargeable battery is matched with a charger to realize the effect of repeated use, so that the rechargeable battery is widely applied to various fields of life, such as electronic equipment of mobile phones, computers and the like.
The conventional rechargeable battery generally only comprises a constant current charging process in the charging process, the charging mode easily causes the rechargeable battery to generate a serious polarization phenomenon under the condition of large-current charging, and the voltage of the rechargeable battery is higher under the same SOC, so that the rechargeable battery quickly reaches a cut-off voltage in the subsequent charging process, and the phenomenon that the actual charging electric quantity is reduced is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a method, an apparatus, a terminal and a storage medium for fast charging a battery, which are used to solve the problems of polarization phenomenon and charging capacity reduction phenomenon of a rechargeable battery in the charging process in the prior art.
The specific technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention is as follows:
in a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for quickly charging a battery, including:
determining a target SOC value of a battery to be charged, wherein the target SOC value comprises a plurality of preset SOC intervals;
determining a target charging strategy, wherein the target charging strategy is set corresponding to the target SOC value;
determining a charging current value, a charging time length and a discharging time length corresponding to each SOC interval according to the target charging strategy;
when the battery to be charged is charged, performing constant current charging on each SOC interval by using the corresponding charging current value in each charging time period;
and after the charging operation is finished in the current SOC interval, carrying out constant current discharging on the battery to be charged by pulse current with a preset magnitude in the discharging time.
Further, before determining the target SOC value of the battery to be charged, the method includes:
charging the battery to be charged with different current constant currents and constant voltages to obtain charging parameters in the charging process;
determining the preset target charging strategy based on the charging parameters.
Further, the charging the battery to be charged with different current constant currents and constant voltages to obtain charging parameters in the charging process includes:
in the charging process of the battery to be charged, acquiring the charging parameters of the battery to be charged with different SOC under the same charging current value; and
and acquiring the charging parameters of the battery to be charged with the same SOC under different charging current values.
Further, the battery to be charged is a battery containing a reference electrode;
the constant-current charging is performed on each SOC interval by the corresponding charging current value in each charging time period, and the constant-current charging includes:
monitoring the voltage value of the positive electrode-reference electrode and the voltage value of the negative electrode-reference electrode of the battery to be charged;
and when the voltage value of the negative electrode-reference electrode is within a preset threshold range, judging that the possibility of lithium precipitation exists in the battery to be charged, and stopping charging.
Further, after the charging operation is completed in the current SOC interval, and after the constant current discharge is performed on the battery to be charged by using a pulse current with a preset magnitude in the discharge duration, the method further includes:
judging whether the working current of the battery to be charged is equal to the charging current value of the next SOC interval determined based on the target charging strategy or not;
charging a next SOC interval when the working current is equal to a charging current value of the next SOC interval determined based on the target charging strategy; and
judging whether the electric quantity of the battery to be charged after the charging in the current SOC interval is finished is larger than or equal to the target SOC value;
and stopping charging when the target electric quantity is larger than or equal to the target SOC value.
Further, after stopping charging when the target electric quantity is greater than or equal to the target SOC value, the method further includes:
and carrying out cyclic charge and discharge on the battery to be charged according to the target charging strategy to obtain an optimal charging strategy.
Furthermore, the charging current in each SOC interval is less than or equal to the maximum charging current in the SOC interval, wherein the maximum charging current is the current of the battery to be charged when lithium is not separated and gas is not generated;
and after the charging of each SOC interval is finished, the voltage of the battery to be charged is less than or equal to the maximum working voltage of the battery to be charged.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a device for rapidly charging a battery, including:
the parameter acquisition unit is used for acquiring the charging parameters of the battery to be charged in the charging process;
the interval dividing unit is used for setting a target SOC value of the battery to be charged and dividing the target SOC value into a plurality of SOC intervals;
the strategy making unit is used for determining the charging current and the charging time of each SOC interval according to the charging parameters and making a target charging strategy;
the charging control unit is used for determining the charging current and the charging time of each SOC interval according to the target charging strategy to realize charging operation;
the monitoring unit is used for monitoring the voltage value of the positive electrode-reference electrode and the voltage value of the negative electrode-reference electrode of the battery to be charged;
and the judging unit is used for judging whether the voltage value of the negative electrode-reference electrode in the battery to be charged is within a preset threshold range, wherein the possibility of lithium precipitation of the battery to be charged is judged when the voltage value of the negative electrode-reference electrode is within the preset threshold range.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a terminal, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, where the processor implements the method for quickly charging a battery as described above when executing the computer program.
In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, which includes computer instructions, and when the computer instructions are executed on a computer, the computer is caused to execute the method for charging a battery as described above.
The embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
after the quick charging method, the quick charging device, the quick charging terminal and the quick charging storage medium of the battery are adopted, a target SOC value to be reached by charging the battery to be charged is determined, wherein the target SOC value comprises a plurality of preset SOC intervals; and charging the battery to be charged according to the charging current value and the charging time length in the determined target charging strategy for each SOC interval, and discharging according to the preset discharging time length by using the preset pulse current after the charging of each SOC interval is finished, so that the charging operation of the battery to be charged is realized. In the embodiment, the discharging operation is executed after the battery to be charged is charged in each SOC interval, and the potential drop speed of the negative electrode of the battery to be charged can be slowed down through discharging; and pulse current is added to carry out pulse discharge operation on the battery to be charged after charging in each SOC interval is finished, so that the polarization phenomenon after charging can be weakened or even eliminated, lithium precipitation caused by too low surface potential of the negative electrode can be avoided, the charging safety of the rechargeable battery is ensured, and sufficient charging electric quantity is ensured.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Wherein:
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for rapid charging of a battery according to one embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a process for developing the target charging strategy according to an embodiment;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a process of acquiring the charging parameter according to an embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a representation of a Rate-SOC table for the battery to be charged at different charging currents in one embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the variation of the charging amount of the battery to be charged under constant current and constant voltage according to an embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating charging parameters during a charging process of the battery to be charged according to an embodiment;
FIG. 7 is a process monitoring flow diagram of a method for rapid charging of a battery according to one embodiment;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram illustrating a real-time SOC determination process of the battery to be charged according to an embodiment;
FIG. 9 is a process diagram illustrating a method for rapid charging of a battery in accordance with one embodiment;
FIG. 10 is a process diagram illustrating a method for rapid charging of a battery in accordance with another embodiment;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a fast battery charger according to an embodiment;
fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of an internal structure of a computer device for operating the above-described method for rapidly charging a battery according to an embodiment.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In order to solve the problems of the conventional technology that the polarization phenomenon and the insufficient charging are easily caused in the charging process of the rechargeable battery, in the embodiment, a method for rapidly charging the battery is particularly provided. The method may be implemented in dependence on a computer program which is executable on a computer system based on the von neumann architecture.
The rechargeable battery applicable to the battery rapid charging method of the embodiment is a battery containing a reference electrode, specifically a three-electrode battery, wherein the three-electrode battery can be used as the reference electrode of the three-electrode battery by directly using a metal lithium sheet, or depositing lithium on the surface of a copper wire, or a copper-plated lithium wire, and the like; illustratively, a 50-micrometer copper wire is additionally arranged in the normal manufacturing process of the common battery, and the copper wire is separated from the positive and negative pole pieces by a diaphragm; and after the battery is subjected to formation and capacity grading, charging the battery to 50% SOC, and plating lithium on the copper wire by using a current less than 1mA to finish the manufacture of the three-electrode battery.
As shown in fig. 1, the method for rapidly charging a battery provided in this embodiment includes steps S102 to S110:
step S102: determining a target SOC value of a battery to be charged, wherein the target SOC value comprises a plurality of preset SOC intervals.
In a specific embodiment, a rechargeable battery to be charged is marked as a battery to be charged; the embodiment performs preset division on the charging process according to the charging amount actually required by the battery to be charged; for example, assuming that the target charging capacity of the battery to be charged is 80%, that is, 80% SOC, the 80% SOC may be divided into four SOC intervals of 0-20%, 20% -40%, 40% -60%, and 60% -80% when the initial charging capacity of the battery to be charged is 0% SOC; or dividing the 80% SOC into five SOC intervals of 0-10%, 10% -30%, 30% -50%, 50% -60% and 60% -80%, and charging each SOC interval in stages so as to charge the battery to be charged.
In the embodiment, the target SOC value of the battery to be charged is divided into a plurality of preset SOC intervals, so that the preset target SOC value of the battery to be charged is gradually charged by charging each SOC interval.
Step S104: and determining a target charging strategy, wherein the target charging strategy is correspondingly set with the target SOC value.
In this embodiment, in order to implement a fast charging operation on a battery to be charged, a corresponding fast target charging strategy needs to be determined before determining a target SOC value. As shown in fig. 2, the determination process of the target charging strategy includes the steps of:
step S200: and charging the battery to be charged with different current constant currents and constant voltages to obtain charging parameters in the charging process.
In a specific embodiment, because the battery to be charged is under different charging currents, the corresponding charging parameters are different, wherein the charging parameters include the voltage, the positive electrode potential, the negative electrode potential, the SOC, the charging time under different charging currents, and the like of the battery to be charged; in this embodiment, different charging currents are set to perform constant-current and constant-voltage charging on the battery to be charged, so as to obtain the charging parameters corresponding to different situations.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, the obtaining of the charging parameter in this embodiment includes:
step S2001: and acquiring the charging parameters of the battery to be charged with different SOC under the same charging current in the charging process of the battery to be charged.
For example, assuming that the battery to be charged is discharged first, so that the SOC of the battery to be charged is 0% when the charging operation is not performed, the battery to be charged is respectively subjected to constant current charging to the specified maximum operating voltage of the battery to be charged by 0.3C, 0.5C, 0.7C, 1C, 1.3C, 1.5C, 1.7C, 1.9C, 2.1C, 2.3C, and 2.5C; specifically, the maximum operating voltage of different types of batteries to be charged is different, and the operating voltage of the battery to be charged is explained as 4.25V; when the battery to be charged is charged to 4.25V by the constant current, and the charging is stopped when the current is less than 0.05C, the charging parameters corresponding to different SOC values are obtained, and specifically, the charging parameters corresponding to different currents when the battery to be charged has SOC values of 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 40%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, and 100% may be obtained.
In this embodiment, the understanding of the corresponding setting of the target charging strategy and the target SOC value may be: for the same target SOC value, SOC intervals with different interval sizes and different numbers of SOC intervals may be set, for example, the target SOC value is divided into 80% in step S102; for different target SOC values, each SOC interval may be set according to the target charging strategy, and assuming that the target SOC values are 80% and 90%, the SOC of 80% may be divided as in step S102, for example, the SOC of 90% may be divided into four SOC intervals according to 0-10%, 10% -30%, 30% -60%, 60% -90%, or into six SOC intervals of 0-10%, 10% -20%, 20% -50%, 50% -70%, 70% -85%, 85% -90%, etc.
Step S2002: and acquiring the charging parameters of the battery to be charged with the same SOC under different charging currents.
Similarly, as in the above step S2001, assuming that the SOC of the battery to be charged at the initial time is 0%, assuming that the target SOC value to be reached by charging is 100%, the target SOC value can be divided into fifteen SOC intervals of 0-10%, 10-15%, 15-20%, 20-25%, 25-30%, 30-40%, 40-65%, 65-70%, 70-75%, 75-80%, 80-85%, 85-90%, 90-95% and 95-100%, and at the end of each interval, i.e. 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 40%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95% and 100% of the charge of the battery to be charged, charging parameters were obtained for corresponding different currents 2.5C, 1.9C, 1.7C, 1.3C, 1C, 0.7C, 0.5C, 0.3C, and 0.3C.
Step S202: determining the preset target charging strategy based on the charging parameters.
The present embodiment will obtain charging parameters such as positive electrode potential, negative electrode potential, SOC, charging time, etc. of the battery to be charged through steps S2001 and S2002 to determine a target charging strategy of the battery to be charged; specifically, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, in this embodiment, the charging parameters are sorted to obtain Rate-SOC tables corresponding to different battery rates, and a curve graph of the battery to be charged in constant-current and constant-voltage charging is obtained; the data in the table are the voltage of the negative electrode and the time required for charging to the corresponding SOC at a certain multiplying factor, for example: in the table, "0.0174/2.5" indicates that the negative electrode potential is 0.0174V and the required time is 2.5min when 2.5C is charged to 10% SOC.
In this embodiment, a corresponding target charging strategy is determined based on charging parameters of the battery to be charged at different charging currents, so as to accurately calculate the charging time of each SOC interval, and obtain the total time required by the battery to be charged when the battery reaches the target SOC value. And selecting the SOC interval division with the shortest charging time for different batteries to be charged, and charging according to the charging current and the charging time of the corresponding SOC interval so as to realize the quick charging operation of the batteries to be charged.
Step S106: determining a charging current value, a charging time length and a discharging time length corresponding to each SOC interval according to the target charging strategy; and step S108: and when the battery to be charged is charged, performing constant current charging on each SOC interval by using the corresponding charging current value in each charging time period.
In a specific embodiment, based on the target charging strategy determined by the charging parameters, the present embodiment performs constant current charging on the battery to be charged at the determined charging current value and charging time duration in each SOC interval. Specifically, the battery to be charged is subjected to rapid charging operation by taking 80% SOC charged in 65min as a target; selecting 1.7C from 0% SOC to 20% SOC, and time is 7.4 min; 1C is selected from 20% SOC to 40% SOC, the time is 24.57-12.27-12.3 min, and the like; since the final target is 80% SOC, in order to ensure that the charging capacity meets the requirement in the actual design, a certain period of charging time is appropriately prolonged to make the final capacity greater than or equal to 80% SOC.
In the embodiment, the charging process of the battery to be charged is set into a plurality of SOC intervals for charging operation, so that the charging time of each SOC interval can be determined according to the target charging strategy, and the time required by the whole charging process of the battery to be charged is determined; after the charging time of each SOC interval is known, the charging time of a certain SOC interval is prolonged, so that the charging capacity can reach a determined target SOC value, and the situation that the charging capacity of the battery to be charged is less finally caused by the phenomenon that the charging is stopped due to the fact that the battery to be charged is not fully charged due to the polarization problem of the battery to be charged can be avoided; for example, it is assumed that the rechargeable battery has a rechargeable capacity of 98% SOC, but when the rechargeable battery is charged to 93% SOC, the rechargeable battery cannot be charged continuously due to polarization problems during charging, and the final rechargeable capacity is 93%.
Step S110: after the charging operation is finished in the current SOC interval, constant current discharging is carried out on the battery to be charged by pulse current with a preset magnitude in the discharging time:
specifically, in the rapid charging method for the battery of the embodiment, after the charging of each SOC interval is completed, that is, when the SOC value of the battery to be charged reaches the end set value of each set SOC interval, the battery to be charged is discharged in a pulse discharging manner.
In the embodiment, after charging in each SOC interval is completed, constant current discharging operation is performed on the battery to be charged by pulse current with a preset magnitude in a preset discharging time; specifically, the potential drop speed of the negative electrode of the battery to be charged can be slowed down through discharging; and pulse discharging operation is carried out on the battery to be charged by adding pulse current, so that the potential difference between the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery to be charged can not be suddenly changed after charging is finished, the polarization phenomenon of the battery to be charged in the charging process can be avoided, and the charging safety of the battery to be charged is ensured.
Exemplarily, based on the above steps S104 to S110, the rapid charging operation is performed on the battery to be charged with the target of charging 80% SOC for 65min, wherein the maximum working voltage of the battery to be charged is 4.25V, the preset discharging current is 0.5C, and the discharging time is 0.008 min; the present embodiment can design two charging schemes as shown in fig. 6 to perform charging operation on the battery to be charged:
the first scheme is as follows: firstly, 80% SOC is divided into 0% -20%, 20% -40%, 40% -65% and 65% -8%Four 0% SOC intervals which are respectively marked as a first SOC interval, a second SOC interval, a third SOC interval and a fourth SOC interval; the first SOC interval is charged for 7.4min at a constant current of 1.7C, and it is assumed that the voltage of the battery to be charged is U11Discharging at constant current of 5C for 0.008 min; charging the battery to be charged at a constant current of 1C for 12.3min in a second SOC interval, wherein the voltage of the battery to be charged is U12Discharging at constant current of 5C for 0.008 min; charging at constant current of 0.7C for 21.97min in a third SOC interval, wherein the voltage of the battery to be charged is U13Discharging at constant current of 5C for 0.008 min; charging the battery to be charged at a constant current of 0.5C for 22.56min in a fourth SOC interval, wherein the voltage of the battery to be charged is U14As can be seen from fig. 6, the time taken to charge the battery to be charged from 0% to 80% in the first scheme is 64.25 min.
It should be noted that after the charging is completed in each SOC interval, the voltage of the battery to be charged is less than or equal to the maximum operating voltage of the battery to be charged, i.e. U11、U12、U13、U14Not more than 4.25V, which is the upper limit of the working voltage prescribed by the battery to be charged.
Scheme II: firstly, dividing 80% SOC into five SOC intervals of 0% -10%, 10% -20%, 20% -40%, 40% -65% and 65% -80%, and respectively recording the SOC intervals as a first SOC interval, a second SOC interval, a third SOC interval, a fourth SOC interval and a fifth SOC interval; as shown in fig. 4, the first SOC interval is configured to perform a charging operation on the battery to be charged at a constant current of 2.5C for 2.5min, wherein the voltage of the battery to be charged is assumed to be U21Discharging at constant current of 5C for 0.008 min; charging the battery to be charged at a constant current of 1.5C for 4.03min in a second SOC interval, wherein the voltage of the battery to be charged is U21Discharging at constant current of 5C for 0.008 min; charging at constant current of 1C for 12.3min in the third SOC interval, wherein the voltage of the battery to be charged is U23Discharging at constant current of 5C for 0.008 min; charging the battery to be charged at a constant current of 0.7C for 21.97min in a fourth SOC interval, wherein the voltage of the battery to be charged is U24Similarly, discharge at constant current of 5C for 0.008min; charging the battery to be charged at a constant current of 0.5C for 22.56min in a fifth SOC interval, wherein the voltage of the battery to be charged is U25As can be seen from fig. 6, the time taken for the second scheme to achieve the SOC of the battery to be charged from 0% to 80% is 60.9min in total.
It should be noted that after the charging is completed in each SOC interval, the voltage of the battery to be charged is less than or equal to the maximum operating voltage of the battery to be charged, i.e. U21、U22、U23、U24And U25Not more than 4.25V, which is the upper limit of the working voltage prescribed by the battery to be charged.
As shown in fig. 7, in the embodiment, the first scheme is adopted to charge the battery to be charged, and finally the SOC value of the battery to be charged is 82.9%, which takes 54.25min in total; as shown in fig. 8, in the present embodiment, the scheme two is adopted to charge the battery to be charged, and finally, the SOC value of the battery to be charged is 82.3%, which takes 60.9 min; as shown in fig. 4, it takes 164min to charge the battery to be charged to 80% SOC by a conventional constant-current constant-voltage step charging method, and it can be known that, under the same charging condition, the method for rapidly charging the battery provided in this embodiment can effectively reduce the time required for charging the battery to be charged; meanwhile, the charging time of each SOC interval can be calculated, the polarization phenomenon generated after charging is weakened or even eliminated, and the safety in the charging process is ensured.
In a specific embodiment, in order to ensure the safety of the charging process, in the charging process of the battery to be charged, the present embodiment monitors the potential between the electrodes of the battery to be charged, where the battery to be charged is a battery including a reference electrode, specifically a three-electrode battery. As shown in fig. 9, the specific detection process includes:
step S1041: and monitoring the voltage value of the positive electrode-reference electrode and the voltage value of the negative electrode-reference electrode of the battery to be charged.
In a specific embodiment, in order to ensure that the lithium separation phenomenon does not occur during the charging process of the battery to be charged, the method of this embodiment monitors the voltage value of the positive electrode-reference electrode and the voltage value of the negative electrode-reference electrode of the battery to be charged to obtain the positive electrode-reference electrodeJudging whether the lithium separation phenomenon does not occur in the charging process of the battery to be charged according to the voltage value of the negative electrode and the voltage value of the negative electrode-reference electrode; as shown in fig. 4, the gray part identification part is determined as an area where there is a risk of lithium deposition during the charging process of the battery to be charged; wherein, based on different types of reference electrodes, the battery to be charged can generate lithium separation in different negative electrode-reference voltage value ranges, such as when the reference electrode is Li/Li+When the voltage value of the negative electrode-reference electrode is less than 10mV, the possibility of lithium precipitation of the battery to be charged can be set.
Step S1042: and when the voltage value of the negative electrode-reference electrode is within a preset threshold range, judging that the possibility of lithium precipitation exists in the battery to be charged, and stopping charging.
In actual operation, because the battery to be charged is provided with the reference electrode, whether the battery to be charged has the lithium analysis risk can be judged according to the difference between the potential of the negative electrode and the potential of the reference electrode, and therefore the charging current of each SOC interval is determined. Specifically, only when the potential difference between the negative electrode and the reference electrode, that is, the negative electrode-reference electrode voltage value is within the preset threshold value range, it can be determined that there is a possibility of lithium separation in the battery to be charged, and the charging operation is stopped.
Illustratively, if the reference electrode of the battery to be charged is Li/Li+Specifically, a 50-micron copper wire can be additionally arranged in the normal manufacturing process of the common battery, and the copper wire is separated from the positive and negative pole pieces by a diaphragm; and after the battery is subjected to formation and capacity grading, charging the battery to 50% SOC, and plating lithium on the copper wire by using a current less than 1mA to finish the manufacture of the three-electrode battery.
In a specific embodiment, in order to ensure that the lithium deposition phenomenon does not occur in the battery to be charged during the charging process, the embodiment sets the negative electrode-Li/Li of the battery to be charged+The electrode voltage value (cathode-reference electrode voltage value) is (0V, 10 mV)]In between, the battery to be charged may have a high probability of lithium precipitation risk. E.g. in the negative electrode-Li/Li+If the electrode voltage value is 5mV, the lithium precipitation risk exists in the battery to be charged, so that the battery to be charged is not charged; if the negative electrode-Li/Li+And the electrode voltage value is 15mV or 20mV, and the battery to be charged is judged to have no lithium precipitation risk.
It will be appreciated that the operating current of the battery to be charged is at its maximum when it does not extract lithium and its negative-reference electrode voltage value is closest to the potential at which there is a risk of extracting lithium. The charging current in each SOC interval is less than or equal to the maximum charging current in the SOC interval, wherein the maximum charging current is the current of the battery to be charged when lithium is not separated out and gas is not generated.
In a specific embodiment, in order to avoid damaging the battery due to lithium deposition during the charging process of the battery to be charged, after the charging of the battery to be charged in each SOC interval is completed, the SOC value of the battery to be charged is further determined, as shown in fig. 10, including the steps of:
step S1061: judging whether the working current of the battery to be charged is equal to the charging current value of the next SOC interval determined based on the target charging strategy or not; and when the working current is equal to the charging current value of the next SOC interval determined based on the target charging strategy, charging the next SOC interval.
In order to ensure efficient, rapid and safe charging of the battery to be charged, after each SOC interval is discharged by preset pulse current, whether the working current of the battery to be charged is equal to the charging current value of the next SOC interval determined based on a target charging strategy needs to be judged; in the process of charging the battery to be charged by adopting the method of the embodiment, after the charging of each SOC interval is finished, the next SOC interval is entered to be charged by different charging currents. Specifically, each SOC interval is provided with a constant current of a preset magnitude for charging, and if the battery to be charged is still charged with the charging current of the current SOC interval after the charging operation of the current SOC interval is completed and the target SOC value corresponding to the current SOC interval is reached, the charging current of the current SOC interval may not be charged fastest and safest in the next SOC interval. Therefore, the present embodiment monitors the working current after the charging of the current SOC interval is completed, so as to determine whether it is equal to the charging current value of the next SOC interval determined by the target charging strategy.
Illustratively, in case one, after the first SOC interval is charged, the discharging operation is performed at a constant current of 5C, and then the charging operation is performed at a constant current of 1C in the second SOC interval; and in the discharging process of the battery to be charged, if the working current of the battery to be charged is greater than 1C, the charging operation of the second SOC interval is not carried out, and only when the working current of the battery to be charged is equal to 1C, the second SOC interval is charged with a constant current of 1C until the SOC of the battery to be charged reaches 40%.
In the embodiment, the working current of each SOC interval is judged, and whether the working current is equal to the charging current value of the next SOC interval determined based on the target charging strategy is judged, so that more efficient, faster and safer charging operation is realized.
Step S1062: judging whether the electric quantity of the battery to be charged after the charging in the current SOC interval is finished is larger than or equal to the target SOC value; and stopping charging when the target electric quantity is larger than or equal to the target SOC value.
Specifically, in order to cut off the power supply in time after the battery to be charged is charged, each charging operation charges a constant current with a preset size in each SOC interval, and if the charging operation of the current SOC interval is completed and the target SOC value is reached, the battery to be charged is still charged by the charging current of the current SOC interval, and the battery may be damaged; based on this, the present embodiment specifically determines whether the battery to be charged is equal to the target SOC value after the charging of the current SOC interval is completed. Exemplarily, if the target SOC value is 80%, when the SOC value of the battery to be charged is 75% in the current SOC interval, the battery is continuously charged to 80%; and if the SOC value of the battery to be charged in the current SOC interval is 80% or 81%, cutting off the connection between the battery to be charged and the charging power supply, and stopping the charging operation.
In an embodiment, in order to ensure the safety of the rechargeable battery and the maximum capacitance of the charged battery while ensuring the charging speed of the rechargeable battery, the rechargeable battery is charged based on the target charging strategy by repeating the steps S102 to S110 to obtain an optimal charging strategy. Illustratively, 500 charging operations are respectively performed on two batteries to be charged of the same model by adopting a scheme one and a scheme two, and if the capacity retention rate of the battery to be charged after 500 charging operations are performed in the mode of the scheme one is 96.3%, and the capacity retention rate of the battery to be charged after 500 charging operations are 95.6% in the mode of the scheme two, it can be determined that the charging mode of the scheme one is better than that of the scheme two. Therefore, in the subsequent charging process, the first scheme is taken as the preferred scheme of the battery to be charged of the type.
Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present invention provides a battery quick-charging device 100, as shown in fig. 11, including: a parameter obtaining unit 101, configured to obtain a charging parameter of a battery to be charged in a charging process; the interval dividing unit 102 is configured to set a target SOC value of the battery to be charged, and divide the target SOC value into a plurality of SOC intervals; the strategy making unit 103 is used for determining the charging current and the charging time of each SOC interval according to the charging parameters and making a target charging strategy; the charging control unit 104 is configured to determine a charging current and a charging duration of each SOC interval according to a target charging strategy, so as to implement charging operation; a monitoring unit 105 for monitoring a positive electrode-reference electrode voltage value and a negative electrode-reference electrode voltage value of the battery to be charged; and a judging unit 106, configured to judge whether there is a possibility of lithium separation in the charging process of the battery to be charged, where when the negative electrode-reference electrode voltage value is within a preset threshold range, it is judged that there is a possibility of lithium separation in the battery to be charged.
Specifically, the battery rapid charging device 100 of the present embodiment obtains the charging parameters of the battery to be charged through the parameter obtaining unit 101, and further formulates a corresponding target charging policy through the policy formulating unit 103; the target SOC value is divided into a plurality of independent SOC intervals through the interval dividing unit 102, so that the charging current and the charging time corresponding to each SOC interval can be determined according to a target charging strategy, and the charging operation of the battery to be charged is realized; meanwhile, during the charging process, the voltage value of the negative electrode-reference electrode of the battery to be charged is monitored by the monitoring unit 105; the determining unit 106 determines whether the lithium analysis of the battery to be charged is possible under the charging current corresponding to any SOC interval according to the voltage value of the negative electrode-reference electrode, so as to improve the safety during the charging process.
It should be noted that, the implementation of the battery fast charging apparatus in this embodiment is consistent with the implementation concept of the above-mentioned method for fast charging a battery, and the implementation principle thereof is not described herein again, and specific reference may be made to the corresponding content in the above-mentioned method.
After the quick charging method, the quick charging device, the quick charging terminal and the quick charging storage medium of the battery are adopted, a target SOC value to be reached by charging the battery to be charged is determined, wherein the target SOC value comprises a plurality of preset SOC intervals; and charging the battery to be charged according to the charging current value and the charging time length in the determined target charging strategy for each SOC interval, and discharging according to the preset discharging time length by using the preset pulse current after the charging of each SOC interval is finished, so that the charging operation of the battery to be charged is realized. In the embodiment, the discharging operation is executed after the battery to be charged is charged in each SOC interval, and the potential drop speed of the negative electrode of the battery to be charged can be slowed down through discharging; and pulse current is added to carry out pulse discharge operation on the battery to be charged after charging in each SOC interval is finished, so that the polarization phenomenon after charging can be weakened or even eliminated, lithium precipitation caused by too low surface potential of the negative electrode can be avoided, the charging safety of the rechargeable battery is ensured, and sufficient charging electric quantity is ensured.
FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating an internal structure of a computer device in one embodiment. The computer device may specifically be a server or a terminal. As shown in fig. 12, the computer device includes a processor, a memory, and a network interface connected by a system bus. Wherein the memory includes a non-volatile storage medium and an internal memory. The non-volatile storage medium of the computer device stores an operating system and may also store a computer program which, when executed by the processor, causes the processor to implement a method of fast charging of a battery. The internal memory may also have a computer program stored therein, which when executed by the processor, causes the processor to perform a method for fast charging of a battery. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the architecture shown in fig. 12 is merely a block diagram of some of the structures associated with the disclosed aspects and is not intended to limit the computing devices to which the disclosed aspects apply, as a particular computing device may include more or less components than those shown in fig. 12, or may combine certain components, or have a different arrangement of components.
In one embodiment, the method for rapidly charging a battery provided by the present application may be implemented in the form of a computer program that is executable on a computer device such as the one shown in fig. 12. The memory of the computer device may store various program modules constituting the battery quick-charging apparatus. Such as the policy making unit 103.
In one embodiment, a computer device is proposed, comprising a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program which, when executed by the processor, causes the processor to perform the steps of: determining a target SOC value of a battery to be charged, wherein the target SOC value comprises a plurality of preset SOC intervals; determining a charging current value and a charging time length corresponding to each SOC interval based on a preset target charging strategy, and performing constant current charging on each SOC interval by using the charging current value in the charging time length; and after the charging operation is finished in the current SOC interval, constant current discharging is carried out on the battery to be charged within a preset discharging time by pulse current with a preset magnitude.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the processes of the methods of the embodiments described above can be implemented by a computer program, which can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, and can include the processes of the embodiments of the methods described above when the program is executed. Any reference to memory, storage, database, or other medium used in the embodiments provided herein may include non-volatile and/or volatile memory, among others. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), Programmable ROM (PROM), Electrically Programmable ROM (EPROM), Electrically Erasable Programmable ROM (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory can include Random Access Memory (RAM) or external cache memory. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM is available in a variety of forms such as Static RAM (SRAM), Dynamic RAM (DRAM), Synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), Double Data Rate SDRAM (DDRSDRAM), Enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), Synchronous Link DRAM (SLDRAM), Rambus Direct RAM (RDRAM), direct bus dynamic RAM (DRDRAM), and memory bus dynamic RAM (RDRAM).
The above disclosure is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it is therefore to be understood that the invention is not limited by the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method for rapid charging of a battery, comprising:
determining a target SOC value of a battery to be charged, wherein the target SOC value comprises a plurality of preset SOC intervals;
determining a target charging strategy, wherein the target charging strategy is set corresponding to the target SOC value;
determining a charging current value, a charging time length and a discharging time length corresponding to each SOC interval according to the target charging strategy;
when the battery to be charged is charged, performing constant current charging on each SOC interval by using the corresponding charging current value in each charging time period;
and after the charging operation is finished in the current SOC interval, carrying out constant current discharging on the battery to be charged by pulse current with a preset magnitude in the discharging time.
2. The method for rapidly charging a battery according to claim 1, wherein said determining the target SOC value of the battery to be charged comprises:
charging the battery to be charged with different current constant currents and constant voltages to obtain charging parameters in the charging process;
determining the preset target charging strategy based on the charging parameters.
3. The method for rapidly charging a battery according to claim 2, wherein the charging the battery to be charged with different constant currents and voltages to obtain the charging parameters during the charging process comprises:
in the charging process of the battery to be charged, acquiring the charging parameters of the battery to be charged with different SOC under the same charging current value; and
and acquiring the charging parameters of the battery to be charged with the same SOC under different charging current values.
4. The method for rapidly charging a battery according to claim 1, wherein the battery to be charged is a battery comprising a reference electrode;
the constant-current charging is performed on each SOC interval by the corresponding charging current value in each charging time period, and the constant-current charging includes:
monitoring the voltage value of the positive electrode-reference electrode and the voltage value of the negative electrode-reference electrode of the battery to be charged;
and when the voltage value of the negative electrode-reference electrode is within a preset threshold range, judging that the possibility of lithium precipitation exists in the battery to be charged, and stopping charging.
5. The method for rapidly charging a battery according to claim 4, wherein after the charging operation is completed in the current SOC interval and the battery to be charged is subjected to constant current discharge with a pulse current of a preset magnitude in the discharge time period, the method further comprises:
judging whether the working current of the battery to be charged is equal to the charging current value of the next SOC interval determined based on the target charging strategy or not;
charging a next SOC interval when the working current is equal to a charging current value of the next SOC interval determined based on the target charging strategy; and
judging whether the electric quantity of the battery to be charged after the charging in the current SOC interval is finished is larger than or equal to the target SOC value;
and stopping charging when the target electric quantity is larger than or equal to the target SOC value.
6. The method for rapidly charging a battery according to claim 5, wherein after stopping charging when the target charge amount is greater than or equal to the target SOC value, further comprising:
and carrying out cyclic charge and discharge on the battery to be charged according to the target charging strategy to obtain an optimal charging strategy.
7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the charging current in each SOC interval is less than or equal to the maximum charging current in the SOC interval, wherein the maximum charging current is the current of the battery to be charged when no lithium separation or gas generation occurs;
and after the charging of each SOC interval is finished, the voltage of the battery to be charged is less than or equal to the maximum working voltage of the battery to be charged.
8. A battery quick-charging device, comprising:
the parameter acquisition unit is used for acquiring the charging parameters of the battery to be charged in the charging process;
the interval dividing unit is used for dividing the target SOC value into a plurality of SOC intervals;
the strategy making unit is used for determining the charging current and the charging time of each SOC interval according to the charging parameters and making a target charging strategy;
the charging control unit is used for determining the charging current and the charging time of each SOC interval according to the target charging strategy to realize charging operation;
the monitoring unit is used for monitoring the voltage value of the positive electrode-reference electrode and the voltage value of the negative electrode-reference electrode of the battery to be charged;
and the judging unit is used for judging whether the voltage value of the negative electrode-reference electrode in the battery to be charged is within a preset threshold range, wherein the possibility of lithium precipitation of the battery to be charged is judged when the voltage value of the negative electrode-reference electrode is within the preset threshold range.
9. A terminal comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor when executing the computer program implements a method for fast charging of a battery as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7.
10. A computer-readable storage medium comprising computer instructions which, when run on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method of fast charging of a battery according to any of claims 1-7.
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