CN110386029A - It is a kind of that lithium battery SOC method is corrected according to dynamic electric voltage - Google Patents
It is a kind of that lithium battery SOC method is corrected according to dynamic electric voltage Download PDFInfo
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- CN110386029A CN110386029A CN201910665181.2A CN201910665181A CN110386029A CN 110386029 A CN110386029 A CN 110386029A CN 201910665181 A CN201910665181 A CN 201910665181A CN 110386029 A CN110386029 A CN 110386029A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
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- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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Abstract
The present invention proposes a kind of according to dynamic electric voltage amendment lithium battery SOC method, comprising the following steps: S1: passes through experiment and obtains battery dynamic end voltage and the corresponding relationship of SOC under different temperatures, different multiplying；S2: charging process and discharge process lieutenant colonel are chosen on schedule according to battery behavior；S3: real-time judge electric current is less than given threshold in driving discharge process, and voltage is less than Current Temperatures corresponding threshold duration when setting up number and reaching setting threshold value, if current SOC is greater than calibration point when correspond to SOC, by current SOC toward the corresponding SOC calibration of calibration point；S4: real-time judge electric current is less than given threshold during the charging process, when voltage is less than Current Temperatures corresponding threshold value, if current SOC is less than calibration point when correspond to SOC, by current SOC toward the corresponding SOC calibration of calibration point.Real-time perfoming algorithm operation when driving, makes program not rely on the special operation condition stood, guarantees that SOC smooth change will not mutate in SOC calibration process.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to battery management system fields, especially a kind of to be repaired during discharge by the end voltage of battery
Positive lithium battery SOC, the method for reducing SOC error.
Background technique
Battery management system (Battery Management System, BMS) as electric car core component it
One, it is always the emphasis of electric car research and development.Since the environment and operating condition of electric car work are complex, the chemistry of battery is special
Property it is more complicated, compared to conventional fuel oil car, the most important technological difficulties of new energy vehicle be mileage estimation accuracy.SOC
As the most important according to parameter of course continuation mileage is calculated, SOC, which is calculated, also becomes most crucial one of the function of BMS, and SOC calculates essence
The height of degree directly determines the quality of BMS.
Currently, correcting current lithium by OCV (open circuit voltage method) generally using current integration method as main algorithm in BMS
Battery SOC.
Current integration method is integrated by the electric current to the process of charging and discharging again divided by total capacity to obtain battery
Corresponding SOC value.But there are apparent defects for current integration method: one, the accuracy of ampere-hour integral algorithm depends on current sense
The precision of device, and current sensor, there are in the case where systematic error, prolonged pure ampere-hour Integration Strategy necessarily leads to SOC
Error it is increasing.Two, since there are self-discharge phenomenons for lithium battery, and ampere-hour integral is not account for the situation, when long
Between pure ampere-hour integral algorithm inevitably result in SOC and virtual height situation occur.Three, ampere-hour integral accuracy and the total capacity of battery cease
Manner of breathing closes, and with the aging of battery, bigger variation can also occur for total capacity.Four, then according to current voltage condition when completely filling
Directly 100%, SOC is calibrated to it is possible that the case where jumping.
Open circuit voltage method is that the charge and discharge of battery terminate, after waiting voltage characteristics to stablize, according to the open-circuit voltage of present battery
Corresponding with OCV-SOC relationship table determines current SOC.This method can be effectively obtained battery by the method for voltage calibration
True SOC.But the program also have the shortcomings that it is obvious: one, clearly required in operating condition of this method to vehicle operation, must
Choosing will have enough time of repose.Two, the case where there are plateaus for ferric phosphate lithium cell, it is electric in 30% to 90% section
Amplitude of variation very little is pressed, the voltage acquisition precision of current BMS is generally 5mv, will appear great mistake with the scheme that OCV is calibrated
Difference.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art described above, for this purpose, the present invention provide it is a kind of according to dynamic electric voltage correct lithium
Battery SOC method.
To achieve the above object, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a kind of correct the lithium battery side SOC according to dynamic electric voltage
Method, which comprises
Step S1, judge whether present battery status is charged state, if it is charged state, enter step S2, it is no
Then enter step S4；
Step S2, charging calibration point is chosen according to battery behavior and the dynamic electric voltage curve of test, it is collected according to BMS
The voltage of temperature and calibration point, temperature do linear poor interpolation, obtain charge reference voltage；
Step S3, judge whether to meet the first constraint condition, if it is satisfied, then S8 is entered step, otherwise, return step
S1；
Step S4, electric discharge calibration point, the temperature acquired according to BMS are chosen according to battery behavior and the dynamic electric voltage curve of test
It spends and does linear poor interpolation with the voltage of calibration point, temperature, obtain electric discharge reference voltage, during discharge at interval of 1 second, weight
Step S5~S7 is executed again；
Step S5, judge whether to meet the second constraint condition, if so, then the corresponding counter of current calibration is added
One, execute step S6；Nonce counter is reset if invalid, executes step S4；
Step S6, if the corresponding counter of current calibration is greater than 60, and when current SOC is greater than calibration point SOC, holds
Row step S7；If invalid return step S4；
If step S7, current SOC and calibration point voltage phase difference are greater than 5%, current SOC is calibrated to current SOC and is subtracted
5%, it is no to then follow the steps S8；
Step S8, current SOC is directly calibrated to corresponding SOC, smoothing processing is done to the SOC of calibration front and back, prevents SOC
Jump.
Preferably, first constraint condition are as follows: current highest monomer voltage is greater than corresponding with reference to electricity under Current Temperatures
Pressure, electric current are less than calibration point SOC less than the first current threshold Ic and current SOC.
Preferably, second constraint condition are as follows: the minimum monomer voltage of BMS acquisition is less than the reference electricity that step S4 is obtained
Pressure and electric current are less than the second current threshold Id.
Preferably, charge or discharge calibration point is chosen according to battery behavior and the dynamic electric voltage curve of test, further includes,
The pass corresponding with voltage SOC is obtained with the first current threshold Ic, the second current threshold Id respectively to 25 degrees Celsius to battery core temperature
It is curve.
Preferably, the first current threshold Ic, the second current threshold Id choose according to battery core characteristic, respectively less than 0.5C.
Preferably, described that the pass corresponding with voltage SOC is obtained with the first current threshold Ic to 25 degrees Celsius to battery core temperature
Be curve, further include, by from 0 degree Celsius to 50 degree Celsius at interval of 10 degrees Celsius of adjustment temperature in the way of obtain under different temperatures
SOC and voltage corresponding relationship curve.
Preferably, described that the pass corresponding with voltage SOC is obtained with the second current threshold Id to 25 degrees Celsius to battery core temperature
Be curve, further include, by from -20 degrees Celsius to 50 degree Celsius at interval of 10 degrees Celsius of adjustment temperature in the way of obtain different temperatures
Under SOC and voltage corresponding relationship curve.
Preferably, the step S8 further includes that, when SOC, which is triggered, to be calibrated, current SOC approaches school with 1%/20 second rate
SOC after standard, the SOC after calibration carry out normal ampere-hour integral when the two difference is less than 0.05%, and the two is consistent.
The present invention has the advantages that
(1) it solves the problems, such as to be not allowed because battery consistency difference causes SOC to calculate.
(2) solving the problems, such as shallowly to fill shallowly to put not calibrating for a long time under operating condition causes SOC inaccurate.
(3) solve the problems, such as that SOC is run in low temperature environment to be not allowed.
(4) solve the problems, such as that SOC caused by mismatching in calibration total capacity and practical total capacity is inaccurate.
(5) real-time perfoming algorithm operation when driving, makes program not depend on the special operation condition of standing.
(6) guarantee that SOC smooth change will not mutate in SOC calibration process.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is proposed by the present invention according to dynamic electric voltage amendment lithium battery SOC method；
Fig. 2 is in discharge process without SOC in the case of dynamic calibration and minimum monomer voltage schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is to show SOC and minimum monomer voltage schematic diagram in the case of discharge process increases dynamic calibration；
Fig. 4 is that discharge process increases true SOC and display SOC schematic diagram in the case of dynamic calibration；
Fig. 5 is in charging process without SOC in the case of dynamic calibration and highest monomer voltage schematic diagram；
Fig. 6 is to increase SOC and highest monomer voltage schematic diagram in the case of dynamic calibration in charging process；
Fig. 7 is true SOC and display SOC schematic diagram in the case of increasing dynamic calibration in charging process.
Specific embodiment
A specific embodiment of the invention is explained in detail below in conjunction with attached drawing.
Lithium battery has following battery behavior, during with fixed multiplying power constant current charging, dynamic end voltage curve
For monotonic increase state, in fixed multiplying power constant current charging discharge process, dynamic end voltage curve curve is passed for dullness
Subtract state.Lithium battery under fixed temperature with fixed rate charge-discharge when, dynamic end voltage is as static state OCV, dynamic
Hold voltage change curve and OCV curve that identical feature is presented, i.e. one-to-one pass can be also presented in dynamic end voltage and SOC
System.
The charging and discharging curve of different multiplying carries out analysis and there is following rule: charging and discharging currents multiplying power is closer to 0, then its end
Voltage is closer to OCV curve.Although estimating that SOC cannot be obtained very accurately as quiescent voltage by dynamic end voltage
SOC, but with voltage approaches blanking voltage, end is come into force according to end voltage drop current strategy, dynamic end voltage estimate SOC
Error is constantly reducing.The SOC estimated is constantly approaching the actual SOC of battery.
Based on principles above, it is proposed that a kind of correct lithium battery SOC method according to dynamic electric voltage, comprising the following steps:
In an embodiment of the present invention, test the battery core used, obtain the first current threshold Ic charging at different temperatures,
Second current threshold Id discharges at different temperatures, the two-dimentional relation table of SOC and dynamic electric voltage.
For the first current threshold Ic, testing procedure is specific as follows: one, will be electric according to the method that battery core manufacturer provides
Pond is full of；Two, with 1C electric current by battery discharge to blanking voltage.Three, battery core temperature is to 25 degrees Celsius with the first current threshold Ic
Obtain the corresponding relationship curve of SOC and voltage.In the way of from 0 degree Celsius to 50 degree Celsius at interval of 10 degrees Celsius of adjustment temperature
Step 2 is executed, the corresponding relationship curve of the SOC and voltage under different temperatures are obtained.(Ic chooses according to practical battery core characteristic, builds
View is less than 0.5C).
For the second current threshold Id, testing procedure is specific as follows: one, will be electric according to the method that battery core manufacturer provides
Pond is full of；Two, the corresponding relationship curve of SOC and voltage are obtained with the second current threshold Id to 25 degrees Celsius to battery core temperature.Three,
By from -20 degrees Celsius to 50 degree Celsius at interval of 10 degrees Celsius of adjustment temperature in the way of execute step 2, obtain under different temperatures
SOC and dynamic electric voltage corresponding relationship curve.(Id chooses according to practical battery core characteristic, it is proposed that is less than 0.5C)
Step S1, judge whether present battery status is charged state, if it is charged state, enter step S2, it is no
Then enter step S4；
Step S2, charging calibration point is chosen according to battery behavior and the dynamic electric voltage curve of test, it is collected according to BMS
The voltage of temperature and calibration point, temperature do linear poor interpolation, obtain charge reference voltage；
Suitable calibration point is chosen according to the cell voltage characteristic that test obtains, from battery charging and discharging voltage change characteristic
It can see that for ternary battery core, since there is no plateau, choose more casual；Ferric phosphate lithium cell suggestion is chosen
95% or more, to avoid the case where calibrating is missed.
Step S3, judge whether to meet the first constraint condition, if it is satisfied, then S8 is entered step, otherwise, return step
S1；
Step S4, electric discharge calibration point, the temperature acquired according to BMS are chosen according to battery behavior and the dynamic electric voltage curve of test
It spends and does linear poor interpolation with the voltage of calibration point, temperature, obtain electric discharge reference voltage, during discharge at interval of 1 second, weight
Step S5~S7 is executed again；Suitable calibration point is chosen according to the cell voltage characteristic that test obtains, from battery charging and discharging electricity
Pressure variation characteristic can see that for ternary battery core, since there is no plateau, choose more casual；For LiFePO4 electricity
Suggest choosing 10% hereinafter, to avoid the case where calibrating is missed in pond.
Step S5, judge whether to meet the second constraint condition, if so, then the corresponding counter of current calibration is added
One, execute step S6；Nonce counter is reset if invalid, executes step S4；
Step S6, if the corresponding counter of current calibration is greater than 60, and when current SOC is greater than calibration point SOC, holds
Row step S7；If invalid return step S4；
If step S7, current SOC and calibration point voltage phase difference are greater than 5%, current SOC is calibrated to current SOC and is subtracted
5%, it is no to then follow the steps S8；
Step S8, current SOC is directly calibrated to corresponding SOC, smoothing processing is done to the SOC of calibration front and back, prevents SOC
Jump.
First constraint condition are as follows: current highest monomer voltage is greater than corresponding reference voltage, electric current under Current Temperatures
It is less than calibration point SOC less than the first current threshold Ic and current SOC.
Second constraint condition are as follows: the minimum monomer voltage of BMS acquisition be less than the obtained reference voltage of step S4 and
Electric current is less than the second current threshold Id.
Charge or discharge calibration point is chosen according to battery behavior and the dynamic electric voltage curve of test, further includes, to battery core
Temperature obtains the corresponding relationship curve of SOC and voltage respectively to 25 degrees Celsius with the first current threshold Ic, the second current threshold Id.
First current threshold Ic, the second current threshold Id choose according to battery core characteristic, respectively less than 0.5C.
The step S8 further includes, when SOC, which is triggered, to be calibrated, after current SOC approaches calibration with 1%/20 second rate
SOC, the SOC after calibration carry out normal ampere-hour integral when the two difference is less than 0.05%, and the two is consistent.
Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 are that there are single-unit battery core residual capacities in mould group not to be used dynamically lower than in the case of other battery cores
Calibration strategy and the discharge process comparison diagram using dynamic calibration strategy.
Fig. 2 is in the case of discharge off dynamic calibration strategy is corrected, and when monomer voltage reaches blanking voltage 2.5V, SOC is also
Display 40%, finally misleads driver, is easy to appear the case where lying prone vehicle in driving conditions.
Fig. 3 is in the case of increasing electric discharge dynamic calibration strategy amendment, when monomer voltage reaches 3.0V or less, to pass through dynamic
Current true SOC is calibrated to accurate value in time, improves the precision of SOC by voltage calibration, after doing smoothing processing, allows department
The SOC rapid decrease that machine is seen reminds driver to go to charge, reduces vehicle risk of lying prone.
Fig. 4 is that in the case of increasing electric discharge dynamic calibration strategy amendment, current SOC is calibrated to than calibrated after triggering calibration
True value passes through the SOC after smoothing processing approaches calibration to the SOC that driver shows.
It is lower than in the case of other battery cores in Fig. 5, Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 mould group there are single-unit battery core residual capacity and uses dynamic calibration
Discharge process comparison diagram tactful and without using dynamic calibration strategy.
In the case of Fig. 5 is corrects without charging dynamic calibration strategy, when highest monomer voltage reaches blanking voltage 3.65V,
SOC, which is shown from 70%, directly becomes 100%.There is SOC and jump situation, seriously affects user experience.
Fig. 6 be increase charging dynamic calibration strategy amendment in the case of, highest monomer voltage reach blanking voltage 3.65V it
Before, SOC is shown from 70% and is smoothly adapted to 95%, reaches 3.65V in voltage, SOC smooths to 100%, promotes user experience.
Fig. 7 be increase charging dynamic calibration strategy amendment in the case of, highest monomer voltage reach blanking voltage 3.65V it
Before, true SOC is directly adapted to 95% from 70% by charging dynamic calibration strategy, display SOC is smooth by smoothing processing
Approaching to reality SOC.
It is obvious to a person skilled in the art that the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to the details of above-mentioned exemplary embodiment,
And without departing substantially from the spirit or essential attributes of the embodiment of the present invention, this hair can be realized in other specific forms
Bright embodiment.Therefore, in all respects, the present embodiments are to be considered as illustrative and not restrictive, this
The range of inventive embodiments is indicated by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, it is intended that being equal for claim will be fallen in
All changes in the meaning and scope of important document are included in the embodiment of the present invention.It should not be by any attached drawing mark in claim
Note is construed as limiting the claims involved.Furthermore, it is to be understood that one word of " comprising " does not exclude other units or steps, odd number is not excluded for
Plural number.Multiple units, module or the device stated in system, device or terminal claim can also be by the same units, mould
Block or device are implemented through software or hardware.The first, the second equal words are used to indicate names, and are not offered as any specific
Sequence.
Finally it should be noted that embodiment of above is only to illustrate the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention rather than limits,
Although the embodiment of the present invention is described in detail referring to the above better embodiment, those skilled in the art should
Understand, can modify to the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention or equivalent replacement should not all be detached from the skill of the embodiment of the present invention
The spirit and scope of art scheme.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of correct lithium battery SOC method according to dynamic electric voltage, which is characterized in that the described method includes:
Step S1, judge whether present battery status is charged state, if it is charged state, enter step S2, otherwise into
Enter step S4；
Step S2, charging calibration point is chosen according to battery behavior and the dynamic electric voltage curve of test, according to the collected temperature of BMS
Linear poor interpolation is done with the voltage of calibration point, temperature, obtains charge reference voltage；
Step S3, judge whether to meet the first constraint condition, if it is satisfied, then S8 is entered step, otherwise, return step S1；
Step S4, electric discharge calibration point is chosen according to battery behavior and the dynamic electric voltage curve of test, according to the temperature of BMS acquisition and
Linear poor interpolation is done with the voltage of calibration point, temperature, obtains electric discharge reference voltage, during discharge at interval of 1 second, repetition is held
Row step S5~S7；
Step S5, judge whether to meet the second constraint condition, if so, the corresponding counter of current calibration is then added one, is held
Row step S6；Nonce counter is reset if invalid, executes step S4；
Step S6, if the corresponding counter of current calibration is greater than 60, and when current SOC is greater than calibration point SOC, executes step
Rapid S7；If invalid return step S4；
If step S7, current SOC and calibration point voltage phase difference are greater than 5%, current SOC is calibrated to current SOC and subtracts 5%, it is no
Then follow the steps S8；
Step S8, current SOC is directly calibrated to corresponding SOC, smoothing processing is done to the SOC of calibration front and back, prevents SOC from jumping
Become.
2. dynamic electric voltage according to claim 1 corrects lithium battery SOC method, which is characterized in that the first constraint item
Part are as follows: current highest monomer voltage is greater than corresponding reference voltage, electric current under Current Temperatures less than the first current threshold IcAnd
Current SOC is less than calibration point SOC.
3. dynamic electric voltage according to claim 1 corrects lithium battery SOC method, which is characterized in that the second constraint item
Part are as follows: the minimum monomer voltage of BMS acquisition is less than the obtained reference voltage of step S4 and electric current less than the second current threshold Id。
4. dynamic electric voltage according to claim 2 or 3 corrects lithium battery SOC method, which is characterized in that according to battery behavior
Choose charge or discharge calibration point with the dynamic electric voltage curve of test, further include, to battery core temperature to 25 degrees Celsius respectively with
First current threshold Ic, the second current threshold IdObtain the corresponding relationship curve of SOC and voltage.
5. dynamic electric voltage according to claim 4 corrects lithium battery SOC method, which is characterized in that the first current threshold Ic、
Second current threshold IdIt is chosen according to battery core characteristic, respectively less than 0.5C.
6. dynamic electric voltage according to claim 4 corrects lithium battery SOC method, which is characterized in that described to battery core temperature
To 25 degrees Celsius with the first current threshold IcThe corresponding relationship curve for obtaining SOC and voltage further includes, by from 0 degree Celsius to 50
Degree Celsius mode for adjusting temperature at interval of 10 degrees Celsius obtains the corresponding relationship curve of SOC and voltage under different temperatures.
7. dynamic electric voltage according to claim 4 corrects lithium battery SOC method, which is characterized in that described to battery core temperature
To 25 degrees Celsius with the second current threshold IdObtain SOC and voltage corresponding relationship curve, further include, by from -20 degrees Celsius to
50 degrees Celsius of modes for adjusting temperature at interval of 10 degrees Celsius obtain the corresponding relationship curve of SOC and voltage under different temperatures.
8. dynamic electric voltage according to claim 1 corrects lithium battery SOC method, which is characterized in that the step S8 is also wrapped
It includes, when SOC, which is triggered, to be calibrated, current SOC approaches the SOC after calibration with 1%/20 second rate, and the SOC after calibration carries out normal
Ampere-hour integrates when the two difference is less than 0.05%, and the two is consistent.
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| CN110888060A (en) * | 2019-11-20 | 2020-03-17 | 湖南科霸汽车动力电池有限责任公司 | SOC correction method for nickel-metal hydride battery pack |
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