CN110269675A - Minimally invasive cryoprobe based on phase transformation piezocaloric effect - Google Patents

Abstract

The name of the present invention is a minimally invasive cold knife based on solid phase-change autoclave effect, which belongs to the field of medical devices. Pressure oil 1 in the knife, oil delivery valve 2, knife rod 3 (the knife rod is a metal tube made of stainless steel or titanium alloy or titanium-magnesium alloy, or graphene tube, graphene oxide tube, carbon nanotube, outside the tube It is composed of 1mm~10mm diameter, 0.1mm~2mm wall thickness), oil guide pipe 4, high pressure oil chamber 5, high pressure oil 6, piston 7, connecting rod 8, jack 9, and cutter head autothermal material 10. When the jack 9 presses the high-pressure oil chamber 5 through the piston 7, the oil pressure is transmitted to the pressure oil 1 in the knife through the oil guide pipe 4, so as to pressurize the autoclave material 10 of the cutter head, and promote the lattice change of the autoclave material 10 of the cutter head. Exothermic temperature rises, and when the pressure oil 1 in the knife is depressurized, the autoclave material lattice returns to its original state and absorbs heat and cools down, so as to achieve the effect of curing cancer on human cancerous tissue due to repeated heating and freezing.

Description

Minimally invasive cold knife based on solid phase change autoclave effect

Technical field:

The invention belongs to the field of medical devices, in particular to a minimally invasive cold knife based on a solid phase transition autoclave effect.

Background technique:

The minimally invasive cold knife currently used is an argon-helium knife, which uses high-pressure argon and helium as cold and heat sources. The air is sent to the cutter head to expand and generate high temperature. Although argon-helium knives are widely used in the medical field, they are difficult to popularize due to their high cost and expensive use. The liquid nitrogen cold knife proposed later solved the problem of high cost, but it is difficult to damage normal tissues because the knife shaft is too cold. application.

Refrigeration technology based on the solid phase transition pressure-heat effect is a solid-state refrigeration technology that is driven by the pressure field to drive the phase transition of the pressure-heat material to produce a refrigeration effect. It has been recognized by the US Department of Energy as the most potential new refrigeration technology. In this technique, pressure is applied to the autoclave material, and the autoclave material is transformed from austenite to martensite under the action of pressure, the entropy is reduced and the heat is released externally; when the pressure is removed, the reverse phase transformation leads to an increase in entropy, Absorbs heat from the outside, resulting in a cooling effect, a process known as the barothermal effect. The thermodynamic process of barothermal effect refrigeration is reversible. In theory, its thermodynamic efficiency can reach the efficiency of the reverse Carnot cycle. In practice, the efficiency that can be achieved can reach 70% to 80% of the efficiency of the reverse Carnot cycle, or even higher.

Invention content:

In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies existing in the prior art, the present invention adopts autoclave effect refrigeration, which is composed of pressure oil 1 in the knife, an oil delivery valve 2, and a knife rod 3 (the knife rod is a metal tube made of stainless steel or titanium alloy or titanium magnesium alloy, Or graphene tube, graphene oxide tube, carbon nanotube, tube outer diameter 1mm~10mm, tube wall thickness 0.1mm~2mm), oil guide tube 4, high pressure oil chamber 5, high pressure oil 6, piston 7, connecting rod 8 , a jack 9 and a cutter head autoclave material 10. The lower end of the cutter bar 3 is made into a pointed cutter head, and the autoclave material 10 of the cutter head is installed on the inner lower end of the cutter bar 3. The top of the autoclave material 10 of the cutter head is communicated with the pressure oil 1 in the cutter, and the pressure oil 1 in the cutter is filled with On the upper part of the cutter bar 3, it is connected and consolidated with the high pressure oil chamber 5 through the oil guide pipe 4 and the oil delivery valve 2. The high pressure oil 6 is filled on the upper part of the piston 7 and communicated with the inlet of the oil guide pipe 4 , and the outlet of the oil guide pipe 4 is connected and consolidated with the upper inlet of the cutter bar 3 through the oil delivery valve 2 .

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

The minimally invasive cold knife based on the solid phase transition autoclave effect provided by the present invention can firstly realize the alternating cold and heat torturing the cancerous tissue and kill the cancer cells, which is simpler in structure and lower in cost than the argon-helium cold knife; The problem that the temperature of the blade of the liquid nitrogen cold knife is too low will not hurt the normal skin of the patient. Thirdly, the diameter of the cold knife of the present invention is smaller than that of the argon-helium cold knife and the liquid nitrogen cold knife, and can be as small as 1 mm, which is more suitable for treating small-diameter tumors and less damage to normal cells.

Description of drawings:

Figure 1 is a diagram of a minimally invasive cold knife system with autoclave effect.

Among them: 1- pressure oil in the knife, 2- oil delivery valve, 3- tool rod, 4- oil guide pipe, 5- high pressure oil chamber, 6- high pressure oil, 7- piston, 8- connecting rod, 9- jack, 10 -The cutter head is autoclavable material.

Detailed ways:

Figure 1 is also a diagram of the 2mm autoclave effect minimally invasive cold knife system.

When performing surgery on cancer patients, insert the cutter head at the top of the cutter bar 3 into the cancerous part, and use the jack 9 to pressurize the piston 7 through the connecting rod 8, so that the high pressure oil chamber 5 is raised to 125MPa, and the high pressure oil 6 also has 125MPa. The pressure is transmitted to the cutter bar 3 through the oil guide pipe 4 and the oil delivery valve 2, so that the pressure oil 1 in the cutter is raised to 125MPa, so that the autoclave material 10 of the cutter head undergoes phase change lattice deformation. The autoclave material 10 of the cutter head is heated up to 48°C after being pressed, and the cancer cells are also damaged by the heat. Then, the jack 9 is moved down and the high pressure oil 6 is rapidly depressurized to 0.12 MPa. After returning to its original state and endothermic cooling to minus 40°C, the cancerous part will be cold and frozen. This is repeated 4 to 10 times, and all the cancer cells will be killed, thus achieving minimally invasive cancer treatment.

Claims (1)

1. a kind of minimally invasive cryoprobe based on phase transformation piezocaloric effect, which is characterized in that the minimally invasive cryoprobe is by pressure oil in knife (1), (knife bar is metal tube or graphene made of stainless steel or titanium alloy or titanium magnesium alloy for fuel delivery valve (2), knife bar (3) Pipe, graphene oxide pipe, carbon nanotube, pipe outside diameter 1mm~10mm, thickness of pipe wall 0.1mm~2mm), oil guide pipe (4), high-voltage oil cavity (5), high pressure oil (6), piston (7), joining beam (8), jack (9) and cutter head pressure hot material (10) composition；Make the lower end of knife bar (3) At pointed cutter head, cutter head pressure hot material (10) is mounted on knife bar (3) interior lower end, and cutter head presses hot material (10) top and pressure in knife Oily (1) communicates and pressure oil (1) is charged on knife bar (3) top and through oil guide pipe (4) fuel delivery valve (2) and high-voltage oil cavity in knife (5) connection consolidates；High pressure oil (6) charges the entrance connection on piston (7) top and with oil guide pipe (4), the outlet of oil guide pipe (4) It is consolidated through fuel delivery valve (2) and knife bar (3) upper inlet connection.