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CN110095570B - A laboratory safety warning system and method - Google Patents

A laboratory safety warning system and method Download PDF

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CN110095570B
CN110095570B CN201910259046.8A CN201910259046A CN110095570B CN 110095570 B CN110095570 B CN 110095570B CN 201910259046 A CN201910259046 A CN 201910259046A CN 110095570 B CN110095570 B CN 110095570B
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laboratory
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CN110095570A (en
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汤旭翔
余智
周熙乾
王莉
何蕾
闫涛
胡芬
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Zhejiang Gongshang University
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • G01N33/0009—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
    • G08B17/10—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
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    • G08B21/00—Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
    • G08B21/02—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons
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    • G08B21/14—Toxic gas alarms
    • G—PHYSICS
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    • G08B21/00—Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
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    • G—PHYSICS
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    • G08B21/00—Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
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    • G08B21/20—Status alarms responsive to moisture
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种实验室安全预警系统及方法。该系统包括管理中心和设置在每个实验室的监控系统，监控系统包括控制装置、人体感应器、摄像头、温湿度传感器、烟雾检测模块以及设置在实验室内不同位置的若干个气体检测装置，控制装置包括控制器、报警模块、显示屏和无线通信模块，气体检测装置包括微处理器和采集装置，采集装置包括信号采集卡、第一气室和封闭的第二气室，第一气室内设有第一气体传感器阵列，第一气室上设有第一进气孔和出气孔，所述第二气室内设有第二气体传感器阵列，第二气室内充有温度为25℃、标准大气压的空气。本发明能够及时检测实验室内的危险情况，并在出现危险时发出报警，保障实验室中操作人员的人身安全。

Figure 201910259046

The invention discloses a laboratory safety warning system and method. The system includes a management center and a monitoring system set in each laboratory. The monitoring system includes a control device, a human sensor, a camera, a temperature and humidity sensor, a smoke detection module, and several gas detection devices set at different positions in the laboratory. The control device includes a controller, an alarm module, a display screen and a wireless communication module, the gas detection device includes a microprocessor and a collection device, and the collection device includes a signal collection card, a first air chamber and a closed second air chamber, and the first air chamber There is a first gas sensor array, the first air chamber is provided with a first air inlet and an air outlet, the second air chamber is provided with a second gas sensor array, and the second air chamber is filled with a temperature of 25 ° C, standard Atmospheric pressure air. The invention can detect the dangerous situation in the laboratory in time, and issue an alarm when danger occurs, so as to ensure the personal safety of the operators in the laboratory.

Figure 201910259046

Description

Laboratory safety early warning system and method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of laboratory safety, in particular to a laboratory safety early warning system and a laboratory safety early warning method.
Background
The professional laboratory has the characteristics of centralized property, intensive technology, relatively centralized danger, complex personnel structure, centralized advanced talents and the like, so that the safety management of the laboratory in colleges and universities is a complex system engineering, including fire prevention, poison prevention, pollution prevention and the like. The safety accidents in the laboratory are high, and serious personal injury accidents occur endlessly, so a system capable of giving early warning in time when dangers occur in the laboratory is needed to ensure the personal safety of operators in the laboratory.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a laboratory safety early warning system and a laboratory safety early warning method, which can detect whether the temperature and the humidity in a laboratory are abnormal, whether a fire occurs or not and whether toxic and harmful gas leaks or not in time, and send out an alarm when danger occurs so as to ensure the personal safety of operators in the laboratory.
In order to solve the problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention discloses a laboratory safety early warning system, which comprises a management center and a monitoring system arranged in each laboratory, wherein the monitoring system comprises a control device, a human body sensor for detecting whether a person is in the laboratory, a camera for acquiring images in the laboratory, a temperature and humidity sensor for detecting the temperature and humidity in the laboratory, a smoke detection module for detecting the smoke concentration in the laboratory and a plurality of gas detection devices arranged at different positions in the laboratory, the control device comprises a controller, an alarm module, a display screen and a wireless communication module, the gas detection device comprises a microprocessor and an acquisition device, the acquisition device comprises a signal acquisition card, a first gas chamber and a closed second gas chamber, a first gas sensor array is arranged in the first gas chamber, a first gas inlet and a gas outlet are arranged on the first gas chamber, the intelligent smoke detector is characterized in that a second gas sensor array is arranged in the second gas chamber, air with the temperature of 25 ℃ and the standard atmospheric pressure is filled in the second gas chamber, the signal acquisition card is electrically connected with the first gas sensor array, the second gas sensor array and the microprocessor respectively, the controller is electrically connected with the human body sensor, the camera, the temperature and humidity sensor, the smoke detection module, the microprocessor, the alarm module, the display screen and the wireless communication module respectively, and the wireless communication module is wirelessly connected with the management center through a wireless network.
In this scheme, monitored control system passes through the field conditions in the camera control laboratory, passes through the humiture condition in the humiture sensor control laboratory, whether smog concentration exceeds the setting value in the detection laboratory through smog detection module, whether dangerous gas leakage appears in the detection laboratory through gaseous detection device, when humiture anomaly or smog concentration exceed the setting value or dangerous gas leakage appears, the controller control alarm module reports to the police to send alarm information to the management center through wireless communication module.
When the gas detection device detects, gas in a laboratory enters the first air chamber from the first air inlet hole, the first gas sensor array is used for detecting toxic and harmful gas, the signal acquisition card acquires signals detected by the first gas sensor array and sends the signals to the microprocessor, the microprocessor analyzes the signals to obtain the type and concentration of the toxic and harmful gas leaked in the laboratory, and the result is sent to the controller.
In order to improve the detection accuracy, a signal detected by the second gas sensor array is also set as a reference signal. The second gas sensor array is enclosed in an environment that is air at a temperature of 25 c and standard atmospheric pressure to provide a baseline response reference.
Human sensor is used for detecting whether someone in the laboratory, and when someone in the laboratory, detecting system real-time detection in this laboratory whether dangerous gas leakage appears in this laboratory, when the laboratory does not have the man-hour, whether dangerous gas leakage appears once in the time detection of every interval settlement of the gaseous detection device in this laboratory, the energy can be saved.
Preferably, the laboratory safety early warning system further comprises an intelligent terminal for carrying safety patrol personnel, and the intelligent terminal can be in wireless communication with the management center. After the management center receives the alarm information sent by the monitoring system, the management center sends the alarm information to the intelligent terminal of the safety patrol personnel and informs the safety patrol personnel to go to the laboratory for processing in time.
Preferably, the intelligent terminal is provided with an RFID tag, the RFID tag stores an ID number corresponding to the intelligent terminal, the monitoring system further comprises an RFID card reader arranged at a doorway of a laboratory, and the RFID card reader is electrically connected with the controller.
After receiving alarm information sent by a management center, an intelligent terminal of a safety patrol worker arrives at a dangerous laboratory, an RFID label on the intelligent terminal is placed at an RFID card reader for the RFID card reader to read information, the RFID card reader reads an ID number stored in the RFID label and sends the ID number to a controller, the controller sends the ID number to the management center through a wireless communication module, and the management center determines the safety patrol worker arriving at the laboratory according to the ID number and records and stores the ID number.
Preferably, the controller is also electrically connected to a ventilation system of the laboratory. When the monitoring system detects that dangerous gas leakage occurs in the laboratory, the ventilation system of the laboratory is controlled to work, and gas in the laboratory is discharged out of the laboratory.
Preferably, the first gas sensor array and the second gas sensor array have the same structure and comprise a sensor interface circuit board, a sensor sensitive film and a plurality of gas sensors, the sensor sensitive film covers the sensor interface circuit board and forms a cavity with the sensor interface circuit board, the gas sensors are arranged in the cavity and connected with the sensor interface circuit board, the acquisition device further comprises an impedance spectrum detector for detecting the impedance of the sensor sensitive film, and the impedance spectrum detector is electrically connected with the microprocessor.
The sensitive film of the sensor can remove interference factors such as dust, foreign particles, water vapor and the like in the air. Meanwhile, after the sensitive film absorbs water vapor, the sensitive film detects the impedance change of the sensitive film, establishes a correlation with air humidity, senses the air humidity according to the impedance change of the sensitive film and provides humidity correction information for the detection of the sensor array.
Preferably, the plurality of gas sensors includes MQ-135 sensors, ME3-C7H8 sensors, ME4-C6H6 sensors, ME-C8H10 sensors, ME2-CH2O sensors, MQK3 sensors.
The MQ-135 sensor is used for detecting ammonia gas, sulfide and benzene series steam; the ME3-C7H8 sensor is used for detecting toluene, the ME4-C6H6 sensor is used for detecting benzene, the ME-C8H10 sensor is used for detecting p-xylene, the ME2-CH2O sensor is used for detecting formaldehyde, and the MQK3 sensor is used for detecting ethanol.
Preferably, the collecting device further comprises an inert gas source, a first air pump and a second air pump, a second air inlet is further formed in the first air chamber, the gas outlet of the first air pump is connected with the first air inlet, the inert gas source is connected with the gas inlet of the second air pump, the gas outlet of the second air pump is connected with the second air inlet, and the microprocessor is electrically connected with the first air pump and the second air pump respectively.
During detection, the first air pump is controlled to fill inert gas into the first air chamber for cleaning, so that the response base line of the first gas sensor array is recovered to the position of 0, errors caused by the drift of the response base line of the sensor are avoided, then the first air pump is controlled to stop working, and the second air pump is controlled to fill external gas into the first air chamber for detection of the first gas sensor array.
Preferably, the monitoring system further comprises an air pressure sensor for detecting air pressure in the laboratory, and the air pressure sensor is electrically connected with the controller. The air pressure sensor is used for detecting whether the air pressure in the laboratory is abnormal or not, and if the air pressure in the laboratory is abnormal, the alarm module gives an alarm.
The invention discloses a laboratory safety early warning method, which is used for the laboratory safety early warning system and comprises the following steps:
the field condition in the laboratory is monitored through a camera, the temperature and humidity condition in the laboratory is monitored through a temperature and humidity sensor, whether the smoke concentration in the laboratory exceeds a set value or not is detected through a smoke detection module, whether dangerous gas leakage occurs in the laboratory or not is detected through a gas detection device, when the temperature and humidity are abnormal or the smoke concentration exceeds the set value or the dangerous gas leakage occurs, a controller controls an alarm module to give an alarm, alarm information is sent to a management center through a wireless communication module, the management center sends information to an intelligent terminal of a safety patrol worker, and the safety patrol worker is informed to go to the laboratory to process in time;
the method for detecting whether the dangerous gas leakage occurs by the gas detection device is as follows:
s1: acquiring detection data of a first gas sensor array and detection data of a second gas sensor array, and processing a response value of each gas sensor in the first gas sensor array and a response value of the same gas sensor in the second gas sensor array to obtain a sensor response momentum Ratio (RAT) corresponding to each gas sensor in the first gas sensor array;
the formula for calculating the sensor response momentum ratio RAT corresponding to a certain gas sensor in the first gas sensor array is as follows:
Figure BDA0002014265810000061
wherein RES11 is the response value of the gas sensor of the first gas sensor array, RES01 is the response value of the same gas sensor of the second gas sensor array,
RAT-0 indicates that the gas sensor is in a zero state,
RAT 0 < 0.25 indicates that the gas sensor is in a low uncertainty state,
0.25 < RAT ≦ 0.55 indicating that the gas sensor is in a certain state,
0.55 < RAT ≦ 0.8 indicating that the gas sensor is in a high uncertainty state,
RAT less than 0.8 and less than or equal to 1 represents that the gas sensor is in an abnormal state;
s2: counting the number of the gas sensors in the low uncertainty state and the high uncertainty state, if the number of the gas sensors in the low uncertainty state and the high uncertainty state accounts for more than 50% of the number of all the gas sensors in the first gas sensor array, executing step S1 for re-detection, otherwise executing step S3;
s3: counting the number of the gas sensors in the abnormal state, if the proportion of the number of the gas sensors in the abnormal state to the number of all the gas sensors in the first gas sensor array exceeds 20%, judging that the first gas sensor array has a fault, otherwise, executing the step S4;
s4: counting the gas sensors in the determined state, wherein the type of the gas detected by the gas sensors in the determined state is the type of the gas leaked from the laboratory.
Preferably, the method for detecting whether the dangerous gas leakage occurs by the gas detection device further comprises the following steps:
s5: calculating the concentration of the leaked gas detected by each gas sensor in a determined state;
the method of calculating the concentration of leaking gas detected by a certain gas sensor in a certain state is as follows:
the data detected by the gas sensor in the determined state is input into the following formula:
Figure BDA0002014265810000071
wherein the induction function for x with n components is as follows:
Figure BDA0002014265810000072
where V (x) is a nonlinear symmetric potential function, φ (t) is an induced signal, and its autocorrelation function is:
Figure BDA0002014265810000073
α is the periodic signal strength, f0Is the default frequency, D is the induced signal intensity, μnIs a variable xnλ is the initial phase, and the potential energy height of the system is
Figure BDA0002014265810000074
The following formula (1) and formula (2) are derived:
Figure BDA0002014265810000075
under the condition that alpha is 0, the system is
Figure BDA0002014265810000076
Has two stable states, and under the zero noise state, the system transition critical value is about
Figure BDA0002014265810000077
Under the action of noise, even if alpha is less than the critical value of system transition, the mass point can still be transited between two stable states, and the confidence coefficient of transition TxComprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0002014265810000081
according to the formula (3), the intensity D of the induced signal is used as the abscissa and the confidence coefficient TxEstablishing a rectangular coordinate system for the vertical coordinates, drawing a confidence coefficient curve, determining the maximum value in the confidence coefficient curve, taking the points of the confidence coefficient curve, which are positioned at the left side and the right side of the maximum value and have the vertical coordinate value of 90 percent of the maximum value, as auxiliary characteristic points, respectively making vertical lines towards the X axis of the two auxiliary characteristic points, and connecting the two vertical lines and the two auxiliary characteristic pointsAnd the rectangular area enveloped by the X axis is used as a characteristic value, the characteristic value is calculated, and the corresponding gas concentration is searched from a preset characteristic value-gas concentration table corresponding to the gas sensor according to the characteristic value, so that the gas concentration of the corresponding leaked gas detected by the gas sensor is obtained.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: whether the humiture in can in time detect the laboratory is unusual, whether take place the conflagration, whether have poisonous and harmful gas to leak to send out the warning when dangerous appears, operating personnel's personal safety in the guarantee laboratory.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a partial structure of a gas sensor array;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a sensor interface circuit board;
FIG. 4 is a graphical illustration of a confidence coefficient curve.
In the figure: 1. the system comprises a management center, 2, a human body sensor, 3, a camera, 4, a temperature and humidity sensor, 5, a smoke detection module, 6, a controller, 7, an alarm module, 8, a display screen, 9, a wireless communication module, 10, a microprocessor, 11, a signal acquisition card, 12, a first air chamber, 13, a second air chamber, 14, a first gas sensor array, 15, a second gas sensor array, 16, an intelligent terminal, 17, an RFID card reader, 18, a ventilation system, 19, an inert gas source, 20, a first air pump, 21, a second air pump, 22, an air pressure sensor, 23, a sensor interface circuit board, 24, a sensor sensitive film, 25, a gas sensor, 26 and an impedance spectrum detector.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further specifically described by the following embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
Example (b): the laboratory safety early warning system of this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3, including management center (1) and the monitored control system of setting in every laboratory, monitored control system includes controlling means, be used for detecting whether someone's human sensor (2) in the laboratory, in camera (3) of gathering the laboratory image, be used for detecting humiture sensor (4) of humiture in the laboratory, be used for detecting smog detection module (5) of smog concentration in the laboratory and set up a plurality of gaseous detection device in different positions in the laboratory, controlling means includes controller (6), alarm module (7), display screen (8) and wireless communication module (9), gaseous detection device includes microprocessor (10) and collection device, collection device includes signal acquisition card (11), first air chamber (12), confined second air chamber (13), An inert gas source (19), a first air pump (20) and a second air pump (21), wherein a first gas sensor array (14) is arranged in a first air chamber (12), a first air inlet hole, a second air inlet hole and an air outlet hole are arranged on the first air chamber (12), an air outlet of the first air pump (20) is connected with the first air inlet hole, the inert gas source (19) is connected with an air inlet of the second air pump (21), an air outlet of the second air pump (21) is connected with the second air inlet hole, a second gas sensor array (15) is arranged in a second air chamber (13), air with the temperature of 25 ℃ and the standard atmospheric pressure is filled in the second air chamber (13), a signal acquisition card (11) is respectively and electrically connected with the first gas sensor array (14), the second gas sensor array (15) and a microprocessor (10), the microprocessor (10) is also respectively and electrically connected with the first air pump (20) and the second air pump (21), the controller (6) is respectively electrically connected with the human body sensor (2), the camera (3), the temperature and humidity sensor (4), the smoke detection module (5), the microprocessor (10), the alarm module (7), the display screen (8) and the wireless communication module (9), and the wireless communication module (9) is wirelessly connected with the management center (1) through a wireless network.
In this scheme, monitored control system passes through the field conditions in the camera control laboratory, passes through the humiture condition in the humiture sensor control laboratory, whether smog concentration exceeds the setting value in the detection laboratory through smog detection module, whether dangerous gas leakage appears in the detection laboratory through gaseous detection device, when humiture anomaly or smog concentration exceed the setting value or dangerous gas leakage appears, the controller control alarm module reports to the police to send alarm information to the management center through wireless communication module.
When the gas detection device detects, the first gas pump is controlled to fill inert gas into the first gas chamber for cleaning, so that the response base line of the first gas sensor array is recovered to the position of 0, errors caused by the drift of the response base line of the sensor are avoided, then the first gas pump is controlled to stop working, and the second gas pump is controlled to fill external gas into the first gas chamber for detection of the first gas sensor array. The first gas sensor array is used for detecting toxic and harmful gases, the signal acquisition card acquires signals detected by the first gas sensor array and sends the signals to the microprocessor, the microprocessor analyzes the signals to obtain the type and concentration of the toxic and harmful gases leaked in the laboratory, and the result is sent to the controller.
In order to improve the detection accuracy, a signal detected by the second gas sensor array is also set as a reference signal. The second gas sensor array is enclosed in an environment that is air at a temperature of 25 c and standard atmospheric pressure to provide a baseline response reference.
Human sensor is used for detecting whether someone in the laboratory, and when someone in the laboratory, detecting system real-time detection in this laboratory whether dangerous gas leakage appears in this laboratory, when the laboratory does not have the man-hour, whether dangerous gas leakage appears once in the time detection of every interval settlement of the gaseous detection device in this laboratory, the energy can be saved.
The laboratory safety early warning system further comprises an intelligent terminal 16 carried by safety patrol personnel, and the intelligent terminal 16 can be in wireless communication with the management center 1. The intelligent terminal 16 is provided with an RFID tag, the RFID tag is internally stored with an ID number corresponding to the intelligent terminal 16, the monitoring system further comprises an RFID card reader 17 arranged at the doorway of the laboratory, and the RFID card reader 17 is electrically connected with the controller 6.
After the management center receives the alarm information sent by the monitoring system, the management center sends the alarm information to an intelligent terminal of a safety patrol officer to inform the safety patrol officer to go to a laboratory for processing in time, after the safety patrol officer arrives at a dangerous laboratory, an RFID label on the intelligent terminal is placed at an RFID card reader to be used for the RFID card reader to read information, the RFID card reader reads an ID number stored in the RFID label and sends the ID number to a controller, the controller sends the ID number to the management center through a wireless communication module, and the management center determines the safety patrol officer arriving at the laboratory according to the ID number and records and stores the ID number.
The controller 6 is also electrically connected to a ventilation system 18 of the laboratory. When the monitoring system detects that dangerous gas leakage occurs in the laboratory, the ventilation system of the laboratory is controlled to work, and gas in the laboratory is discharged out of the laboratory.
The first gas sensor array 14 and the second gas sensor array 15 have the same structure and comprise a sensor interface circuit board 23, a sensor sensitive film 24 and six gas sensors 25, wherein the sensor sensitive film 24 covers the sensor interface circuit board 23 and forms a cavity with the sensor interface circuit board 23, the gas sensors 25 are arranged in the cavity and connected with the sensor interface circuit board 23, the acquisition device further comprises an impedance spectrum detector 26 for detecting the impedance of the sensor sensitive film 24, and the impedance spectrum detector 26 is electrically connected with the microprocessor 10. The six gas sensors include MQ-135 sensor, ME3-C7H8 sensor, ME4-C6H6 sensor, ME-C8H10 sensor, ME2-CH2O sensor, MQK3 sensor.
The sensitive film of the sensor can remove interference factors such as dust, foreign particles, water vapor and the like in the air. Meanwhile, after the sensitive film absorbs water vapor, the sensitive film detects the impedance change of the sensitive film, establishes a correlation with air humidity, senses the air humidity according to the impedance change of the sensitive film and provides humidity correction information for the detection of the sensor array.
The MQ-135 sensor is used for detecting ammonia gas, sulfide and benzene series steam; the ME3-C7H8 sensor is used for detecting toluene, the ME4-C6H6 sensor is used for detecting benzene, the ME-C8H10 sensor is used for detecting p-xylene, the ME2-CH2O sensor is used for detecting formaldehyde, and the MQK3 sensor is used for detecting ethanol.
The monitoring system further comprises a gas pressure sensor 22 for detecting the gas pressure in the laboratory, the gas pressure sensor 22 being electrically connected to the controller 6. The air pressure sensor is used for detecting whether the air pressure in the laboratory is abnormal or not, and if the air pressure in the laboratory is abnormal, the alarm module gives an alarm.
The laboratory safety early warning method of the embodiment is used for the laboratory safety early warning system, and comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps that the field condition in a laboratory is monitored through a camera, the temperature and humidity condition in the laboratory is monitored through a temperature and humidity sensor, whether the smoke concentration in the laboratory exceeds a set value or not is detected through a smoke detection module, whether dangerous gas leakage occurs in the laboratory or not is detected through a gas detection device, whether the gas pressure in the laboratory is abnormal or not is detected through a gas pressure sensor, when the temperature and humidity are abnormal, the smoke concentration exceeds the set value, the dangerous gas leakage occurs or the gas pressure is abnormal, a controller controls an alarm module to give an alarm, alarm information is sent to a management center through a wireless communication module, the management center sends the alarm information to an intelligent terminal of a safety patrolman, and the safety patr;
the method for detecting whether the dangerous gas leakage occurs by the gas detection device is as follows:
s1: acquiring detection data of a first gas sensor array and detection data of a second gas sensor array, and processing a response value of each gas sensor in the first gas sensor array and a response value of the same gas sensor in the second gas sensor array to obtain a sensor response momentum Ratio (RAT) corresponding to each gas sensor in the first gas sensor array;
the formula for calculating the sensor response momentum ratio RAT corresponding to a certain gas sensor in the first gas sensor array is as follows:
Figure BDA0002014265810000131
wherein RES11 is the response value of the gas sensor of the first gas sensor array, RES01 is the response value of the same gas sensor of the second gas sensor array,
RAT-0 indicates that the gas sensor is in a zero state,
RAT 0 < 0.25 indicates that the gas sensor is in a low uncertainty state,
0.25 < RAT ≦ 0.55 indicating that the gas sensor is in a certain state,
0.55 < RAT ≦ 0.8 indicating that the gas sensor is in a high uncertainty state,
RAT less than 0.8 and less than or equal to 1 represents that the gas sensor is in an abnormal state;
s2: counting the number of the gas sensors in the low uncertainty state and the high uncertainty state, if the number of the gas sensors in the low uncertainty state and the high uncertainty state accounts for more than 50% of the number of all the gas sensors in the first gas sensor array, executing step S1 for re-detection, otherwise executing step S3;
s3: counting the number of the gas sensors in the abnormal state, if the proportion of the number of the gas sensors in the abnormal state to the number of all the gas sensors in the first gas sensor array exceeds 20%, judging that the first gas sensor array has a fault, otherwise, executing the step S4;
s4: counting the gas sensors in the determined state, wherein the type of the gas detected by the gas sensors in the determined state is the type of the gas leaked from the laboratory;
s5: calculating the concentration of the leaked gas detected by each gas sensor in a determined state;
the method of calculating the concentration of leaking gas detected by a certain gas sensor in a certain state is as follows:
the data detected by the gas sensor in the determined state is input into the following formula:
Figure BDA0002014265810000141
wherein the induction function for x with n components is as follows:
Figure BDA0002014265810000142
where V (x) is a nonlinear symmetric potential function, φ (t) is an induced signal, and its autocorrelation function is:
Figure BDA0002014265810000143
α isPeriodic signal strength, f0Is the default frequency, D is the induced signal intensity, μnIs a variable xnThe potential energy reference (one mu is corresponding to each x component), λ is the initial phase (the value is 0.45-0.6), and the potential energy height of the system is
Figure BDA0002014265810000151
The following formula (1) and formula (2) are derived:
Figure BDA0002014265810000152
under the condition that alpha is 0, the system is
Figure BDA0002014265810000153
Has two stable states, and under the zero noise state, the system transition critical value is about
Figure BDA0002014265810000154
Under the action of noise, even if alpha is less than the critical value of system transition, the mass point can still be transited between two stable states, and the confidence coefficient of transition TxComprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0002014265810000155
according to a formula (3), establishing a rectangular coordinate system by taking the induced signal intensity D as an abscissa and the confidence coefficient Tx as an ordinate, drawing a confidence coefficient curve, determining the maximum value in the confidence coefficient curve, taking points on the confidence coefficient curve, which are positioned on the left side and the right side of the maximum value and have the ordinate values of 90% of the maximum value, as auxiliary feature points, making vertical lines towards the X axis respectively, taking the rectangular areas enveloped by the two vertical lines, the connecting line of the two auxiliary feature points and the X axis as feature values, calculating the feature values, and searching the corresponding gas concentration from a preset feature value-gas concentration table corresponding to the gas sensor according to the feature values, thereby obtaining the gas concentration of the corresponding leaked gas detected by the gas sensor. For example, the corresponding confidence coefficient curve for an MQ-135 sensor at a certain test is shown in fig. 4.

Claims (7)

1. A laboratory safety early warning system is characterized by comprising a management center (1) and a monitoring system arranged in each laboratory, wherein the monitoring system comprises a control device, a human body sensor (2) for detecting whether a person is in the laboratory, a camera (3) for collecting images in the laboratory, a temperature and humidity sensor (4) for detecting the temperature and humidity in the laboratory, a smoke detection module (5) for detecting the smoke concentration in the laboratory and a plurality of gas detection devices arranged at different positions in the laboratory, the control device comprises a controller (6), an alarm module (7), a display screen (8) and a wireless communication module (9), the gas detection devices comprise a microprocessor (10) and an acquisition device, the acquisition device comprises a signal acquisition card (11), a first gas chamber (12) and a closed second gas chamber (13), a first gas sensor array (14) is arranged in the first air chamber (12), a first air inlet hole and a first air outlet hole are arranged on the first air chamber (12), a second gas sensor array (15) is arranged in the second gas chamber (13), air with the temperature of 25 ℃ and the standard atmospheric pressure is filled in the second gas chamber (13), the signal acquisition card (11) is respectively and electrically connected with the first gas sensor array (14), the second gas sensor array (15) and the microprocessor (10), the controller (6) is respectively and electrically connected with the human body sensor (2), the camera (3), the temperature and humidity sensor (4), the smoke detection module (5), the microprocessor (10), the alarm module (7), the display screen (8) and the wireless communication module (9), the wireless communication module (9) is in wireless connection with the management center (1) through a wireless network;
the intelligent terminal (16) is carried by a safety patrol worker, and the intelligent terminal (16) can be in wireless communication with the management center (1);
the method comprises the following steps:
the field condition in the laboratory is monitored through a camera, the temperature and humidity condition in the laboratory is monitored through a temperature and humidity sensor, whether the smoke concentration in the laboratory exceeds a set value or not is detected through a smoke detection module, whether dangerous gas leakage occurs in the laboratory or not is detected through a gas detection device, when the temperature and humidity are abnormal or the smoke concentration exceeds the set value or the dangerous gas leakage occurs, a controller controls an alarm module to give an alarm, alarm information is sent to a management center through a wireless communication module, the management center sends information to an intelligent terminal of a safety patrol worker, and the safety patrol worker is informed to go to the laboratory to process in time;
the method for detecting whether the dangerous gas leakage occurs by the gas detection device is as follows:
s1: acquiring detection data of a first gas sensor array and detection data of a second gas sensor array, and processing a response value of each gas sensor in the first gas sensor array and a response value of the same gas sensor in the second gas sensor array to obtain a sensor response momentum Ratio (RAT) corresponding to each gas sensor in the first gas sensor array;
the formula for calculating the sensor response momentum ratio RAT corresponding to a certain gas sensor in the first gas sensor array is as follows:
Figure FDA0003059887370000021
wherein RES11 is a response value of the gas sensor of the first gas sensor array,
RES01 is the response value of the same gas sensor of the second gas sensor array,
RAT-0 indicates that the gas sensor is in a zero state,
RAT 0 < 0.25 indicates that the gas sensor is in a low uncertainty state,
0.25 < RAT ≦ 0.55 indicating that the gas sensor is in a certain state,
0.55 < RAT ≦ 0.8 indicating that the gas sensor is in a high uncertainty state,
RAT less than 0.8 and less than or equal to 1 represents that the gas sensor is in an abnormal state;
s2: counting the number of the gas sensors in the low uncertainty state and the high uncertainty state, if the number of the gas sensors in the low uncertainty state and the high uncertainty state accounts for more than 50% of the number of all the gas sensors in the first gas sensor array, executing step S1 for re-detection, otherwise executing step S3;
s3: counting the number of the gas sensors in the abnormal state, if the proportion of the number of the gas sensors in the abnormal state to the number of all the gas sensors in the first gas sensor array exceeds 20%, judging that the first gas sensor array has a fault, otherwise, executing the step S4;
s4: counting the gas sensors in the determined state, wherein the type of the gas detected by the gas sensors in the determined state is the type of the gas leaked from the laboratory.
2. The laboratory safety early warning system according to claim 1, wherein an RFID tag is arranged on the intelligent terminal (16), the RFID tag stores an ID number corresponding to the intelligent terminal (16), the monitoring system further comprises an RFID reader (17) arranged at a doorway of the laboratory, and the RFID reader (17) is electrically connected with the controller (6).
3. A laboratory safety warning system according to claim 1, characterized in that the controller (6) is also electrically connected to a ventilation system (18) of the laboratory.
4. The laboratory safety early warning system according to claim 1, wherein the collecting device further comprises an inert gas source (19), a first air pump (20) and a second air pump (21), the first air chamber (12) is further provided with a second air inlet, an air outlet of the first air pump (20) is connected with the first air inlet, the inert gas source (19) is connected with an air inlet of the second air pump (21), an air outlet of the second air pump (21) is connected with the second air inlet, and the microprocessor (10) is electrically connected with the first air pump (20) and the second air pump (21) respectively.
5. A laboratory safety warning system according to claim 1, characterized in that the monitoring system further comprises a gas pressure sensor (22) for detecting the gas pressure in the laboratory, the gas pressure sensor (22) being electrically connected to the controller (6).
6. The laboratory safety early warning method is used for a laboratory safety early warning system and is characterized in that the laboratory safety early warning system comprises a management center (1) and a monitoring system arranged in each laboratory, the monitoring system comprises a control device, a human body sensor (2) for detecting whether people exist in the laboratory, a camera (3) for collecting images in the laboratory, a temperature and humidity sensor (4) for detecting the temperature and humidity in the laboratory, a smoke detection module (5) for detecting the smoke concentration in the laboratory and a plurality of gas detection devices arranged at different positions in the laboratory, the control device comprises a controller (6), an alarm module (7), a display screen (8) and a wireless communication module (9), the gas detection devices comprise a microprocessor (10) and a collection device, and the collection device comprises a signal acquisition card (11), A first air chamber (12) and a closed second air chamber (13), wherein a first gas sensor array (14) is arranged in the first air chamber (12), a first air inlet hole and an air outlet hole are arranged on the first air chamber (12), a second gas sensor array (15) is arranged in the second air chamber (13), the second air chamber (13) is filled with air with the temperature of 25 ℃ and the standard atmospheric pressure, the signal acquisition card (11) is respectively and electrically connected with the first gas sensor array (14), the second gas sensor array (15) and the microprocessor (10), the controller (6) is respectively and electrically connected with the human body sensor (2), the camera (3), the temperature and humidity sensor (4), the smoke detection module (5), the microprocessor (10), the alarm module (7), the display screen (8) and the wireless communication module (9), the wireless communication module (9) is in wireless connection with the management center (1) through a wireless network;
the intelligent terminal (16) is carried by a safety patrol worker, and the intelligent terminal (16) can be in wireless communication with the management center (1);
the method comprises the following steps:
the field condition in the laboratory is monitored through a camera, the temperature and humidity condition in the laboratory is monitored through a temperature and humidity sensor, whether the smoke concentration in the laboratory exceeds a set value or not is detected through a smoke detection module, whether dangerous gas leakage occurs in the laboratory or not is detected through a gas detection device, when the temperature and humidity are abnormal or the smoke concentration exceeds the set value or the dangerous gas leakage occurs, a controller controls an alarm module to give an alarm, alarm information is sent to a management center through a wireless communication module, the management center sends information to an intelligent terminal of a safety patrol worker, and the safety patrol worker is informed to go to the laboratory to process in time;
the method for detecting whether the dangerous gas leakage occurs by the gas detection device is as follows:
s1: acquiring detection data of a first gas sensor array and detection data of a second gas sensor array, and processing a response value of each gas sensor in the first gas sensor array and a response value of the same gas sensor in the second gas sensor array to obtain a sensor response momentum Ratio (RAT) corresponding to each gas sensor in the first gas sensor array;
the formula for calculating the sensor response momentum ratio RAT corresponding to a certain gas sensor in the first gas sensor array is as follows:
Figure FDA0003059887370000051
wherein RES11 is a response value of the gas sensor of the first gas sensor array,
RES01 is the response value of the same gas sensor of the second gas sensor array,
RAT-0 indicates that the gas sensor is in a zero state,
RAT 0 < 0.25 indicates that the gas sensor is in a low uncertainty state,
0.25 < RAT ≦ 0.55 indicating that the gas sensor is in a certain state,
0.55 < RAT ≦ 0.8 indicating that the gas sensor is in a high uncertainty state,
RAT less than 0.8 and less than or equal to 1 represents that the gas sensor is in an abnormal state;
s2: counting the number of the gas sensors in the low uncertainty state and the high uncertainty state, if the number of the gas sensors in the low uncertainty state and the high uncertainty state accounts for more than 50% of the number of all the gas sensors in the first gas sensor array, executing step S1 for re-detection, otherwise executing step S3;
s3: counting the number of the gas sensors in the abnormal state, if the proportion of the number of the gas sensors in the abnormal state to the number of all the gas sensors in the first gas sensor array exceeds 20%, judging that the first gas sensor array has a fault, otherwise, executing the step S4;
s4: counting the gas sensors in the determined state, wherein the type of the gas detected by the gas sensors in the determined state is the type of the gas leaked from the laboratory.
7. The laboratory safety precaution method according to claim 6, wherein the method of the gas detection device detecting whether the dangerous gas leakage occurs further comprises the steps of:
s5: calculating the concentration of the leaked gas detected by each gas sensor in a determined state;
the method of calculating the concentration of leaking gas detected by a certain gas sensor in a certain state is as follows:
the data detected by the gas sensor in the determined state is input into the following formula:
Figure FDA0003059887370000071
wherein the induction function for x with n components is as follows:
Figure FDA0003059887370000072
where V (x) is a nonlinear symmetric potential function, φ (t) is an induced signal, and its autocorrelation function is:
Figure FDA0003059887370000073
α is the periodic signal strength, f0Is the default frequency, D is the induced signal intensity, μnIs a variable xnλ is the initial phase, and the potential energy height of the system is
Figure FDA0003059887370000074
The following formula (1) and formula (2) are derived:
Figure FDA0003059887370000075
under the condition that alpha is 0, the system is
Figure FDA0003059887370000076
Has two stable states, and under the zero noise state, the system transition critical value is about
Figure FDA0003059887370000077
Under the action of noise, even if alpha is less than the critical value of system transition, the mass point can still be transited between two stable states, and the confidence coefficient of transition TxComprises the following steps:
Figure FDA0003059887370000078
according to the formula (3), the intensity D of the induced signal is used as the abscissa and the confidence coefficient TxEstablishing a rectangular coordinate system for a vertical coordinate, drawing a confidence coefficient curve, determining the maximum value in the confidence coefficient curve, taking the points of which the vertical coordinate values positioned on the left side and the right side of the maximum value are 90% of the maximum value on the confidence coefficient curve as auxiliary characteristic points, respectively making vertical lines towards an X axis for the two auxiliary characteristic points, taking the rectangular areas enveloped by the two vertical lines, the connecting line of the two auxiliary characteristic points and the X axis as characteristic values, calculating the characteristic values, and finding out the corresponding gas concentration from a preset characteristic value-gas concentration table corresponding to the gas sensor according to the characteristic values, thereby obtaining the gas concentration of the corresponding leaked gas detected by the gas sensorAnd (4) degree.
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