CN109672003B - Device and method suitable for disassembling multi-specification square lithium ion batteries - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a device and a dismantling method suitable for dismantling a multi-specification square lithium ion battery. The device comprises: a control system and an assembly-line dismantling system: an intermittent feeding device (1), a No. 1 automatic trimming Device (2), station conversion device (3), No. 2 automatic trimming device (4) and separation coring device (5); the control system controls the various components of the dismantling system for pipeline operation: intermittent feeding device The waste lithium-ion battery is transported to the No. 1 automatic trimming device to complete the trimming of the symmetrical sides of the battery. The station conversion device rotates the trimmed battery 90 degrees and transports it to the No. 2 automatic trimming device to complete the other two batteries. The edge of the side is cut, and the separation core device separates and collects the upper and lower casings from the battery cells. The invention has a high degree of automation and strong adaptability, and the method of knife-cutting and dismantling effectively guarantees the discharge and safety problems in the dismantling process of the lithium ion battery, and realizes the separation of the battery cell and the battery casing to the greatest extent.

Description

Apparatus and dismantling method suitable for dismantling of multi-specification square lithium ion batteries

technical field

The invention relates to the field of lithium ion battery recycling and processing, in particular to a device and a dismantling method suitable for dismantling a multi-specification square lithium ion battery.

Background technique

With the development of the economy and the progress of society, mobile phones and other products have become necessities in people's lives. The replacement rate of mobile phone products has accelerated, and the lithium-ion batteries in a large number of scrapped mobile phone products have caused a lot of waste. At the same time, it also brings Troubled by environmental pollution.

At present, my country has become the largest producer, consumer and exporter of lithium-ion batteries. At the same time, the number of discarded lithium-ion batteries is also showing explosive growth. It is also about to face the current situation of huge environmental pressure, shortage of raw materials for lithium-ion batteries and rising prices.

According to preliminary estimates, a lithium cobalt oxide battery contains about 15% metal diamond, 14% copper, 25% iron, 4.7% aluminum, and 0.1% lithium. These metals are primary resources and have great recycling value. In particular, the metal cobalt is a rare and expensive metal. There is no separate deposit. Most of it is associated with copper and nickel ores, and the grade is low. According to the annual scrap of 100 million, the recoverable cobalt is about 600 tons, and the cobalt content in the waste lithium-ion battery is higher than that in the cobalt concentrate. It can be seen that realizing the recycling of waste lithium-ion batteries can effectively alleviate the shortage of metal resources in my country.

In recent years, some enterprises have started the recycling and processing of waste lithium-ion batteries. In the whole process of recycling and processing waste lithium-ion batteries, the pretreatment process is very necessary. However, due to technical and economic reasons, most enterprises still Pre-treatment methods such as crushing, screening, magnetic separation and manual dismantling are used. This recycling method of first mixing and then dividing not only increases the difficulty of resource separation in the later stage, but also causes the low recovery efficiency of precious metal resources in lithium-ion batteries. The problem. Therefore, research and develop automatic dismantling processes and intelligent dismantling mechanisms for different types of lithium-ion batteries, including automatic disassembly technology and automatic disassembly technology, to achieve low-cost, low-pollution, high-efficiency waste lithium-ion batteries. Safe and environmentally friendly dismantling is very urgent and challenging.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The technical problem that the present invention aims to solve is, in view of the non-uniform models of the existing square waste lithium ion batteries, the irreversibility of the lithium ion battery production process, and the low degree of automation, poor adaptability and low efficiency existing in the dismantling process, etc., Provided are a device and a disassembly method suitable for the disassembly of a multi-specification square lithium ion battery. The method and the device have a high degree of automation and strong adaptability, and the method of knife cutting and disassembly effectively ensures the disassembly process of the lithium ion battery. Discharge and safety issues in the process, and maximize the separation of cells and battery casings, with high efficiency.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is:

A device suitable for dismantling multi-specification square lithium-ion batteries,

Including: a control system and an assembly-line dismantling system, the dismantling system includes: an intermittent feeding device, a No. 1 automatic trimming device, a station conversion device, a second No. 1 automatic edge trimming device and separation coring device; the control system controls each component of the dismantling system to carry out pipeline operation: the intermittent feeding device transports waste ion batteries to the No. 1 automatic edge trimming device at a certain frequency, and the No. 1 The automatic trimming device completes the trimming action on the symmetrical sides of the waste lithium-ion battery. The station conversion device rotates the trimmed waste lithium-ion battery by 90 degrees and transports it to the second automatic trimming device. The second automatic trimming device The trimming action on the other two sides of the waste lithium-ion battery is completed. After two trimmings, the waste lithium-ion battery only includes the upper case, the battery cell, and the lower case. Finally, the upper and lower tables are separated by the separation core removal device (5). The shell and the cell are separated and collected separately;

The No. 1 automatic edge trimming device and the No. 2 automatic edge trimming device include: feeding distance measuring device, synchronous distance adjustment platform, modular variable distance edge blanking device, push motion platform, variable distance knife cutting device and waste confluence device The synchronous distance-adjusting platform is provided with two sub-platforms with adjustable distances from each other, and the variable-distance knife-cutting device has two knives respectively fixed on the two sub-platforms; the modular variable-distance edge blanking device can be It is synchronously opened and closed with the synchronous distance adjustment platform and connected with the push motion platform, and the waste lithium ion battery is pressed on the synchronous distance adjustment platform and moved together with the push motion platform.

A further optimization scheme for the intermittent feeding device is: the intermittent feeding device includes: a feeding conveyor belt and a feeding chute; the feeding conveyor belt is provided with baffles to divide it into a plurality of separate square spaces for waste lithium ions. The placement of the battery; the feeding chute connects the tail end of the feeding conveyor belt with the feeding distance measuring device in the No. 1 automatic trimming device. The feeding conveyor belt is intermittently pushed to match the time when a trimming process is completed. The feeding chute is a feeding distance measuring device that connects the end of the conveyor belt with the No. 1 automatic trimming device, and plays a role in guiding the lithium-ion battery.

The further optimization scheme for the No. 1 automatic trimming device is as follows:

Synchronous distance adjustment platform: It includes two U-shaped grooves with opposite openings as sub-platforms and a bidirectional screw synchronous distance adjustment device for adjusting the distance between the two U-shaped grooves; the upper plane of the outer U-shaped groove is The No. 1 distance-adjusting platform, the upper plane of the inner U-shaped groove is the No. 2 distance-adjusting platform, the upper part of the tail end of the No. 1 distance-adjusting platform is provided with a push-out cylinder, and the upper surface of the No. 2 distance-adjusting platform is set at the position corresponding to the push-out cylinder There is an external platform; the underside of the No. 1 distance-adjusting platform and the No. 2 distance-adjusting platform are arranged in parallel with a long groove extending along the opening edge of the U-shaped groove;

Feeding distance measuring device: It consists of the distance measuring cylinder on the No. 1 distance control platform, the blocking cylinder on the No. 2 distance control platform, and the blocking bars on the left and right sides of the No. 1 distance control platform to limit the direction of the waste lithium-ion battery; The front end surface of the push plate is 5-10mm away from the front end surface of the tool (adjusted by the blocking cylinder according to the length of the battery), which is used to control the depth of trimming the lithium ion battery;

Modular variable-pitch edge holding device: including two sets of sliding bases with long flat keys, two sets of vertical U-shaped blocks with through grooves, two sets of hollow pressing blocks with flat keys, one solid pressing block and one pressing cylinder ; The sliding base is matched with the long grooves on the lower side of the No. 1 distance-adjusting platform and the No. 2 distance-adjusting platform respectively through long flat keys, and can slide along the long grooves; two sets of vertical U-shaped blocks are respectively connected with two sets of sliding bases Connected; the hollow briquetting block is inserted into the vertical U-shaped block, and the two hollow briquetting blocks are matched with the through grooves of the two sets of vertical U-shaped blocks respectively. The distance from the platform increases, and the hollow parts of the two hollow briquetting blocks can be connected; the upper end of the solid briquetting block is connected to the pressing cylinder, and the lower end is inserted into the hollow part connected with the two hollow briquetting blocks, which can press the two Each part of the hollow briquette;

The push motion platform includes: an outer frame with through grooves and matched with the flat keys on the sliding base, the top plate for fixing the pressing cylinder, a set of linear slide rails and a push hydraulic cylinder; the linear slide rails are set At the bottom of the outer frame, the sliding direction is the same as the direction of the long groove on the lower side of the No. 1 distance-adjusting platform and the No. 2 distance-adjusting platform, and the push hydraulic cylinder is connected to the side of the outer frame through a push connector;

The variable-pitch knife-cutting device includes: two sets of Z-shaped compression blocks, two carbide tools with beveled edges and polished edges, and fixed screws; the two tools are respectively installed through two sets of Z-shaped compression blocks On the No. 1 distance-adjusting platform and the No. 2 distance-adjusting platform, and fixed by screws, the tool is installed with an oblique mouth downward, and the cutting direction is the same as that of the No. 1 and No. 2 distance-adjusting platforms on the underside of the long groove;

The waste collecting device includes: a material guide trough which cooperates with the cutter to ensure the complete collection of the trimming waste, and a waste collection trough matched with the lower end of the guide trough.

A further optimization scheme for the station conversion device is: the station conversion device includes: a vertical screw motor module, a horizontal square screw motor module, and two multi-axis manipulators; the horizontal screw motor module It is installed at the front end of the vertical screw motor module and can move up and down with it. Two multi-axis manipulators are installed at the front of the horizontal screw motor module and can move in the horizontal direction; each multi-axis manipulator includes a rotating cylinder, a clamp A tight cylinder and a push plate assembly, the lower end of the rotating cylinder is connected to the push plate assembly, the rotating cylinder can drive the push plate assembly to rotate 90 degrees, the outer shell of the push plate assembly is a frame shape with an open lower end, and one side of the outer casing is inside A push plate is provided, the push plate is connected with the clamping cylinder, and the waste lithium ion battery can be clamped by the advancement of the clamping cylinder.

The further optimization plan for the No. 2 automatic trimming device is as follows: the components of the No. 2 automatic trimming device are as follows:

Synchronous distance adjustment platform: including two U-shaped grooves with opposite openings as sub-platforms and a bidirectional screw synchronous distance adjustment device for adjusting the distance between the two U-shaped grooves; the upper plane of the inner U-shaped groove is The No. 3 distance-adjusting platform, the upper plane of the outer U-shaped groove is the No. 4 distance-adjusting platform; the No. 4 distance-adjusting platform is provided with a push-out cylinder at the tail for pushing the battery to and separating the core device; the No. 3 distance-adjusting platform and the fourth A long groove extending along the opening edge of the U-shaped groove is arranged in parallel on the lower side of the distance-adjusting platform;

Feeding distance measuring device: It consists of the distance measuring cylinder on the No. 3 distance control platform, the blocking cylinder on the No. 4 distance control platform, and the blocking bars on the left and right sides of the No. 3 distance control platform to limit the direction of the waste lithium-ion battery;

Modular variable-pitch edge holding device: including two sets of sliding bases with long flat keys, two sets of vertical U-shaped blocks with through grooves, two sets of hollow pressing blocks with flat keys, one solid pressing block and one pressing cylinder ; The sliding base is matched with the long grooves on the lower side of the No. 3 distance-adjusting platform and the No. 4 distance-adjusting platform through long flat keys, and can slide along the long grooves; two sets of vertical U-shaped blocks are respectively connected with two sets of sliding bases Connected; the hollow briquetting block is inserted into the vertical U-shaped block, and the two hollow briquetting blocks are matched with the through grooves of the two sets of vertical U-shaped blocks respectively. The distance from the platform increases, and the hollow parts of the two hollow briquetting blocks can be connected; the upper end of the solid briquetting block is connected to the pressing cylinder, and the lower end is inserted into the hollow part connected with the two hollow briquetting blocks, which can press the two Each part of the hollow briquette;

The push motion platform includes: an outer frame with through grooves and matched with the flat keys on the sliding base, the top plate for fixing the pressing cylinder, a set of linear slide rails and a push hydraulic cylinder; the linear slide rails are set At the bottom of the outer frame, its sliding direction is the same as the direction of the long groove on the lower side of the No. 3 distance control platform and the No. 4 distance control platform, and the push hydraulic cylinder is connected to the side of the outer frame through a push connector;

The variable-pitch knife-cutting device includes: two sets of Z-shaped pressing blocks, two tools and fixed screws made of carbide with beveled edges and polished edges; the two tools pass through the two sets of Z-shaped pressing blocks respectively. It is installed on the No. 3 distance-adjusting platform and the No. 4 distance-adjusting platform, and is fixed by screws, and the tool is installed with an oblique mouth downward, and the cutting direction is the same as that of the No. 3 and No. 4 distance-adjusting platforms.

The waste collecting device includes: a material guide trough which cooperates with the cutter to ensure the complete collection of the trimming waste, and a waste collection trough matched with the lower end of the guide trough.

The further optimization scheme for the separation coring device is: the separation coring device includes: a horizontal screw motor module, a pneumatic finger rotating cylinder, a linear guide parallel moving pneumatic finger, a finger connecting plate, an organ-type vacuum The suction cup and the three compartments separate the collecting guide groove; the upper end of the pneumatic finger is connected to the finger connecting plate, and the finger connecting plate includes an openable upper connecting plate and a lower connecting plate. The lower connecting plate is L-shaped and is used to block the waste lithium-ion battery that has completed two edge trimming actions. The motor module can move in the horizontal direction and move between the No. 2 automatic trimming device and the three-car separation collecting guide; the three-car separation collecting guide includes three chutes, and the middle one is used for To collect the battery cells, the two chutes on both sides are used to collect the upper and lower casings.

A method for disassembling a square lithium ion battery with multiple specifications, using the device for disassembling a square lithium ion battery with multiple specifications, includes the following steps:

1) A batch of square waste lithium-ion batteries with different sizes and specifications are placed on the intermittent feeding device in turn without pre-discharge treatment, and the intermittent feeding device cooperates with the cutting and dismantling speed for feeding;

2) The waste lithium-ion battery first slides down onto the synchronous distance-adjusting platform in the No. 1 automatic trimming device, and the feeding distance measuring device performs push positioning and length-direction distance measurement and feeds back to the control system. The control system controls the length of the battery according to the The synchronous distance-adjusting platform opens and closes to a certain distance, and cooperates with the modular variable-distance edge blanking device to compress the waste lithium-ion battery. The variable-distance knife-cutting device adjusted from the platform completes the cutting on both sides of the length direction of the lithium-ion battery, and the parts cut on both sides are collected into the waste tank through the waste confluence device;

3) After the first trimming is completed, the main body of the waste lithium-ion battery is pushed out by the synchronous distance adjustment platform in the No. 1 automatic trimming device, and the waste lithium-ion battery is horizontally turned 90 degrees by the station conversion device, and transferred to the On the synchronous distance-adjusting platform of the No. 2 automatic trimming device; at the same time, the synchronous distance-adjusting platform of the No. 1 automatic trimming device is closed to the initial position. The pushing motion platform of the second lithium-ion battery returns to its original position, and the intermittent feeding device of the No. 1 automatic trimming device continues to feed, and starts the first trimming action of the second lithium-ion battery;

4) The same action as the No. 1 automatic trimming device, the first waste lithium-ion battery is cut on the other two sides through the No. 2 automatic trimming device, and the parts cut on both sides are also passed through the No. 2 automatic trimming device. The waste confluence device collected in the waste chute;

5) After the first waste lithium-ion battery has completed two trimming actions, the synchronous distance-adjusting platform of the No. 2 automatic trimming device is closed to the initial position, and then the waste lithium-ion battery is pushed out at the maximum displacement of the pushing motion platform. , At the same time, the separation core device moves horizontally to the second automatic trimming device to decompose and collect the battery cells and the upper and lower casings of the battery.

Beneficial effects of the present invention:

The device and the method for disassembling the multi-specification square lithium ion battery of the present invention have the following advantages:

1. High degree of automation. The waste lithium-ion battery is passed through the feeding device until the cutting and separation are completed, without manual participation.

2. Strong adaptability. The cylinder pushes waste lithium-ion batteries of different specifications into material, clamps them, measures their length or width, and feeds back the signal to the system, which is convenient for the system to adjust the platform and tool spacing, and achieve accurate trimming of waste lithium-ion batteries of different specifications.

3. Modular. Considering that the square lithium-ion battery has many specifications and a wide range of variation, the size is classified into large, medium and small, and the overall width of the pressing device is designed according to the large, medium and small categories. Lithium-ion batteries only need to be replaced with the compression module that fits their range.

4. The way of pressing and supporting is more reliable. The lower surface of the tool sinks 3mm relative to the upper surface of the platform. During the trimming process, the edge of the battery is always supported on the platform to prevent the problem of flanging during the trimming process. Type design, press close to the edge of the lithium-ion battery and move with the waste lithium-ion battery, which can minimize the deformation of the lithium-ion battery during the edge-cutting process and ensure the integrity of the shape of the lithium-ion battery after edge-cutting. Spend.

5. Fewer control units, synchronous and reliable motion. In view of the requirements of the modular variable-pitch blank holder, a structure is designed in which the flat key and the keyway are matched, the platform motion drives the blank holder to move, and the modular variable-distance blank holder follows the lithium-ion battery to move synchronously, reducing the need for The number of units to be controlled, the movement is more synchronized and reliable.

6. Unlike traditional sawing and expensive water jet cutting, which is inefficient and prone to sparks, the knife cutting method is more efficient, cheaper, and can quickly complete the destructive discharge operation of lithium-ion batteries, with high safety. .

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram of the present invention;

In Figure 1, 1-intermittent feeding device, 2-automatic trimming device No. 1, 3-station conversion device, 4-automatic trimming device No.2, 5-separating coring device, 6-rack;

Fig. 2 is the structure schematic diagram of intermittent feeding device;

In Figure 2, 7-feeding chute, 8-feeding conveyor belt, 9-waste lithium-ion battery;

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of No. 1 automatic trimming device;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the feeding distance measuring device;

In Figure 4, 10-distance measuring cylinder, 11-blocking cylinder, 12-blocking bar;

Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a synchronous distance-adjusting platform;

In Figure 5, 13- two-way screw synchronous distance adjustment device, 14- No. 1 distance adjustment platform, 15- No. 2 distance adjustment platform, 16- External platform, 17- Push out cylinder;

Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the connection of each component of the bidirectional screw synchronous distance adjustment device;

In Figure 6, 18-servo motor, 19-reducer, 20-base, 21-coupling, 22-two-way screw, 23-nut, 24-nut seat, 25-screw support seat, 26-screw Fixed seat, 27-linear slider, 28-linear guide rail;

7 is a schematic structural diagram of a modular variable-pitch blanking device;

In Figure 7, 29-sliding base, 30-vertical U-shaped block, 31-hollow pressing block, 32-pressing cylinder, 33-solid pressing block;

Fig. 8 is the structural representation of the push motion platform;

In Figure 8, 34-linear slide rail, 35-push hydraulic cylinder, 36-push connector, 37-outer frame;

9 is a schematic structural diagram of a variable-pitch knife cutting device and a waste confluence device;

In Figure 9, 38-feeding groove, 39-tool, 40-Z-type compression block, 41-confluence groove;

10 is a schematic structural diagram of a station conversion device;

In Figure 10, 42-vertical screw motor module, 43-horizontal screw motor module, 44-rotating cylinder, 45-clamping cylinder, 46-push plate assembly;

11 is a schematic structural diagram of the No. 2 automatic trimming device;

In Figure 11, 47-No.3 distance control platform, 48-No.4 distance control platform;

Figure 12 is a schematic structural diagram of the separation coring device;

In Figure 12, 49- horizontal screw motor module, 50-organ-type vacuum suction cup, 51-pneumatic finger connecting plate, 52-pneumatic finger, 53-pneumatic finger rotating cylinder;

Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of a rack structure;

In Figure 13, 54-separate collection channel for three compartments; 55-waste chute.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention.

Example 1

As shown in Figures 1-12, a device suitable for the disassembly of multi-specification square lithium-ion batteries,

Including: a control system and an assembly-line dismantling system, the dismantling system includes: an intermittent feeding device 1, a No. 1 automatic trimming device 2, and a station conversion, which are sequentially fixed on the frame 6 constructed of square steel. Device 3, No. 2 automatic trimming device 4 and separation coring device 5; the control system controls the various components of the dismantling system to carry out pipeline operations: the intermittent feeding device 1 transports the waste ion battery to the No. 1 automatic trimming device Device 2, the No. 1 automatic trimming device 2 completes the trimming action on the symmetrical sides of the waste lithium-ion battery, and the station conversion device 3 rotates the trimmed waste lithium-ion battery by 90 degrees and transports it to the No. 2 automatic trimming device. 4. The No. 2 automatic trimming device 4 completes the trimming action on the other two sides of the waste lithium-ion battery. After two trimmings, the waste lithium-ion battery only includes the upper case, the battery cell, and the lower case. Finally, it is separated by The core removal device 5 separates the upper and lower casings from the battery cells, and collects them separately;

The No. 1 automatic trimming device 2 and the No. 2 automatic trimming device 4 include: a feeding distance measuring device, a synchronous distance adjustment platform, a modular variable distance edge blanking device, a push motion platform, a variable distance knife cutting device and waste. a confluence device; the synchronous distance-adjusting platform is provided with two sub-platforms with adjustable distances from each other, and the variable-distance knife-cutting device has two knives respectively fixed on the two sub-platforms; the modular variable-distance crimping The device can be synchronously opened and closed with the synchronous distance adjustment platform and connected with the push motion platform, and the waste lithium ion battery is pressed on the synchronous distance adjustment platform and moved together with the push motion platform.

The intermittent feeding device 1 includes:

The feeding conveyor belt 8 and the feeding chute 7; the feeding conveyor belt 8 is provided with baffles to divide it into a plurality of separate square spaces for the placement of the waste lithium-ion batteries 9; the feeding chute 7 is connected to the tail of the feeding conveyor belt 8 The feeding distance measuring device in the end and No. 1 automatic trimming device 2.

The components of the No. 1 automatic trimming device 2 are as follows:

Synchronous distance adjustment platform: including two U-shaped grooves with opposite openings as sub-platforms and a two-way screw synchronous distance adjustment device 13 for adjusting the distance between the two U-shaped grooves (the two-way screw synchronous distance adjustment device 13). 13 Consists of servo motor 18, reducer 19, base 20, coupling 21, a bidirectional screw 22, two sets of nuts 23 and nut seats 24, a screw support seat 25, a screw fixing seat 26, two sets of It is composed of linear slider 27 and linear guide 28. Servo motor 18, reducer 19, base 20, coupling 21, and screw fixing seat 26 are sequentially connected to one end of bidirectional screw 22, and the other end of the bidirectional screw is connected to a screw Rod support seat 25; two sets of nut 23 and a nut seat 24 connected with the nut are respectively sleeved on the two threads of the two-way screw 22 in different directions; On both sides, the center line of the No. 1 distance control platform 14 and the No. 2 distance control platform 15 are both perpendicular to the axis of the screw rod, the bottom of the platform is connected with the nut seat 24 and the linear sliders 27 on both sides, and the linear guide rails 28 are directly installed on the frame. , the No. 1 distance-adjusting platform 14 and the No. 2 distance-adjusting platform 15 complete the adjustment of the distance between each other with the movement of the two sets of nuts 23); the upper plane of the outer U-shaped groove is the No. 1 distance-adjusting platform 14, and the inner U-shaped The upper plane of the groove is the No. 2 distance-adjusting platform 15, the upper part of the tail end of the No. 1 distance-adjusting platform 14 is provided with a push-out cylinder 17, and the position corresponding to the push-out cylinder 17 is provided on the upper surface of the No. 2 distance-adjusting platform 15. An external platform 16 is provided. ; No. 1 distance-adjusting platform 14 and No. 2 distance-adjusting platform 15 are provided with long grooves extending along the opening edge of the U-shaped groove in parallel on the lower side;

Feeding distance measuring device: The distance measuring cylinder 10 on the No. 1 distance control platform 14, the blocking cylinder 11 on the No. 2 distance control platform 15 and the left and right sides of the No. 1 distance control platform 14 limit the direction of the waste lithium-ion battery. 12 composition;

Modular variable pitch side pressing device: including two sets of sliding bases 29 with long flat keys, two sets of vertical U-shaped blocks 30 with through grooves, two sets of hollow pressing blocks 31 with flat keys, a solid pressing block 33 and A pressing cylinder 32; the sliding base 29 is matched with the long grooves on the lower sides of the No. 1 distance-adjusting platform 14 and the No. 2 distance-adjusting platform 15 respectively through long flat keys, and can slide along the long grooves; two sets of vertical U The shaped blocks 30 are respectively connected with two sets of sliding bases 29; the hollow pressing blocks 31 are inserted into the vertical U-shaped blocks 30, and the two hollow pressing blocks 31 are respectively matched with the through grooves of the two sets of vertical U-shaped blocks 30. The distance between them increases due to the separation of the No. 1 distance-adjusting platform 14 and the No. 2 distance-adjusting platform 15, and the hollow parts of the two hollow pressing blocks 31 can be connected; the upper end of the solid pressing block 33 is connected to the pressing cylinder 32 connected, the lower end is inserted into the connected hollow part of the two hollow pressing blocks 31, which can press each part of the two hollow pressing blocks;

The push motion platform includes: an outer frame 37 with through grooves and matched with the flat keys on the sliding base 29, a top plate for fixing the pressing cylinder 32, a set of linear slide rails 34 and a push hydraulic cylinder 35; The slide rail 34 is arranged at the bottom of the outer frame 37, and its sliding direction is the same as the direction of the long groove on the lower side of the No. 1 distance-adjusting platform 14 and the No. 2 distance-adjusting platform 15. connected sideways;

The variable-pitch knife-cutting device includes: two sets of Z-shaped pressing blocks 40, two tools 39 made of carbide with beveled edges and polished edges, and fixing screws; the two tools pass through the two sets of Z-shaped pressing blocks They are respectively installed on the No. 1 distance-adjusting platform 14 and the No. 2 distance-adjusting platform 15, and are fixed by screws. The tool is installed with an oblique opening downward, and the cutting direction is the same as that of the No. 1 distance-adjusting platform 14 and the No. 2 distance-adjusting platform 15. The lower side long groove the same direction;

The waste collecting device includes: a guide groove 38 which cooperates with the cutter 39 to ensure the complete collection of the trimmed waste, and a waste collecting groove 41 matched with the lower end of the guide groove 38 .

The working process of the No. 1 automatic trimming device is as follows: the waste lithium-ion battery is transported to the No. 1 distance adjusting platform 14 in the No. 1 automatic trimming device 2, and the ranging cylinder 10 is pushed until it is pushed to the No. 2 distance adjusting platform 15 The front end face of the push plate of the blocking cylinder 11 on the top stops and tightens, and at the same time, the length direction of the waste lithium ion battery is measured, and the data of the battery length is fed back to the control system; the control system obtains the battery provided by the feeding distance measuring device. After the data signal in the length direction, the two-way screw synchronous distance control device 13 drives the No. 1 distance control platform 14 and the No. 2 distance control platform 15 to open synchronously, the blocking cylinder 11 is fixed, and the distance measuring cylinder 10 is pushed out. The distance is adjusted synchronously until the two ends of the waste ion battery reach the specified distance from the front end of the tool 39 (until the distance between the two ends of the battery is 5-10mm from the front end of the tool set on the No. 1 and No. 2 synchronous distance adjustment platforms); two sets of sliding The base 29 also moves synchronously with the No. 1 distance-adjusting platform 14 and the No. 2 distance-adjusting platform 15 respectively, and at the same time drives the two hollow pressure blocks 31 to slide and open on the solid pressure block 33 (the outer side of the pressure block is 1 mm away from the outer side of the tool). , to prevent the pressure block from being cut by the tool due to the installation error, and to ensure the reliability of the control and the accuracy of the movement), after the adjustment is completed, press the cylinder 32 to move, push the solid pressure block 33 to drive the two hollow pressure blocks 31 to the waste Press both ends of the lithium-ion battery (to prevent the deformation of the lithium-ion battery due to the extrusion of the tool during the trimming process and affect the subsequent process); push the hydraulic cylinder 35 to push until the maximum stroke, and pass the tool 39 along the way to achieve waste. Both ends of the lithium-ion battery are cut, and the scraps on both sides of the cut are uniformly collected into the waste tank through the waste confluence device for collection; the push-out cylinder 17 pushes the trimmed waste lithium-ion battery to the external platform 16 to facilitate the station conversion device 3. The next step of the job.

The station conversion device 3 includes:

The vertical screw motor module 42, the horizontal screw motor module 43, and two multi-axis manipulators; the horizontal screw motor module 43 is installed at the front end of the vertical screw motor module 42 and can move up and down with it, and the two A multi-axis manipulator is installed at the front of the horizontal screw motor module 43 and can move in the horizontal direction; The lower end is connected to the push plate assembly 46, and the rotary cylinder 44 can drive the push plate assembly 46 to rotate 90 degrees. The outer shell of the push plate assembly 46 is in the shape of a frame with an open lower end. The clamping cylinder 45 can clamp the waste lithium ion battery by advancing the cylinder of the clamping cylinder 45 .

The working process is as follows: when the waste lithium-ion battery is pushed out through the No. 1 automatic trimming device 2 and then pushed to the external platform 16, the multi-axis manipulator at the initial position of the horizontal screw motor module 43 passes through the vertical screw motor module 42. Move down to the maximum stroke, the clamping cylinder 45 realizes the clamping of the waste lithium ion battery through the push plate assembly 46, and the horizontal screw motor module 43 moves horizontally to the maximum stroke. During this process, the vertical screw motor module 42 first rises and then descends, at the same time, the rotating cylinder 44 rotates 90 degrees clockwise, the clamping cylinder 45 returns to the original position, and the waste lithium-ion battery that has completed the first trimming is rotated 90 degrees and placed in the No. 2 automatic trimming device. 4 in the feeding distance measuring device.

No. 2 automatic trimming device 4:

The working principle of the No. 1 automatic trimming device 2 is basically the same, the components and connection relationships are basically the same, and only the working positions are different. The components of the No. 2 automatic trimming device 4 are specifically:

Synchronous distance adjustment platform: It includes two U-shaped grooves with opposite openings as sub-platforms and a bidirectional screw synchronous distance adjustment device for adjusting the distance between the two U-shaped grooves (its structure is the same as the one in the automatic trimming device of the same number). Two-way screw synchronous distance adjustment device); the upper plane of the inner U-shaped groove is the third distance adjustment platform 47, and the upper plane of the outer U-shaped groove is the fourth distance adjustment platform 48; the tail of the fourth distance adjustment platform 48 is set There is a push-out cylinder for pushing the battery to and separating the coring device 5; the lower sides of the No. 3 distance-adjusting platform 47 and the No. 4 distance-adjusting platform 48 are provided with long grooves extending along the edge of the U-shaped groove opening in parallel;

Feeding distance measuring device: it consists of the distance measuring cylinder on the No. 3 distance control platform 47, the blocking cylinder on the No. 4 distance control platform 48, and the blocking bars on the left and right sides of the No. 3 distance control platform 47 to limit the direction of the waste lithium-ion battery; Considering that the battery cell in the width direction is relatively close to the casing, the front end surface of the push plate carried by the blocking cylinder is 2-5mm away from the front end surface of the tool. According to the length of the battery, the blocking cylinder is adjusted to control the depth of trimming the lithium-ion battery.

Modular variable-pitch edge holding device: including two sets of sliding bases with long flat keys, two sets of vertical U-shaped blocks with through grooves, two sets of hollow pressing blocks with flat keys, one solid pressing block and one pressing cylinder ; The sliding base is matched with the long grooves on the lower side of the No. 3 distance-adjusting platform 47 and the No. 4 distance-adjusting platform 48 through long flat keys, and can slide along the long grooves; two sets of vertical U-shaped blocks are respectively matched with two sets of The sliding base is connected; the hollow pressure block is inserted into the vertical U-shaped block, and the two hollow pressure blocks are matched with the through grooves of the two sets of vertical U-shaped blocks respectively. The No. 4 distance-adjusting platform 48 is separated and enlarged, and the hollow parts of the two hollow pressing blocks can be connected; the upper end of the solid pressing Press down each part of the two hollow blocks;

The push motion platform includes: an outer frame with through grooves and matched with the flat keys on the sliding base, the top plate for fixing the pressing cylinder, a set of linear slide rails and a push hydraulic cylinder; the linear slide rails are set At the bottom of the outer frame, the sliding direction is the same as the direction of the long groove on the lower side of the No. 3 distance-adjusting platform 47 and the No. 4 distance-adjusting platform 48, and the push hydraulic cylinder is connected to the side of the outer frame through a push connector;

The variable-pitch knife-cutting device includes: two sets of Z-shaped compression blocks, two carbide tools with beveled edges and polished edges, and fixed screws; the two tools are respectively installed through two sets of Z-shaped compression blocks On the No. 3 distance-adjusting platform 47 and the No. 4 distance-adjusting platform 48, and fixed by screws, the tool is installed with an oblique opening downward, and the cutting direction is the same as the direction of the long groove on the lower side of the No. 3 distance-adjusting platform 47 and No. 4 distance-adjusting platform 48 ;

The waste collecting device includes: a material guide trough which cooperates with the cutter to ensure the complete collection of the trimming waste, and a waste collection trough matched with the lower end of the guide trough.

The separation coring device 5 includes:

Horizontal screw motor module 49, pneumatic finger rotating cylinder 53, pneumatic finger 52 with parallel movement of linear guide rail, pneumatic finger connecting plate 51, organ-type vacuum suction cup 50 and three compartment separation collecting guide; the upper end of pneumatic finger 52 Connect the pneumatic finger connecting plate 51. The pneumatic finger connecting plate 51 includes an openable upper connecting plate and a lower connecting plate. The upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate are respectively installed with an organ-type vacuum suction cup 50, and the lower connecting plate is L-shaped. The waste lithium-ion battery that has completed two edge trimming actions pushed out at the blocking limit; the lower end of the pneumatic finger 52 is equipped with a pneumatic finger rotating cylinder 53, and the pneumatic finger 52 is connected to the horizontal screw motor module 49 through the connecting part, Therefore, it can move in the horizontal direction and move between the No. 2 automatic trimming device 4 and the three-car separation collecting guide groove 54; The limit width is the same, the chute in the middle is the widest, used to collect the cells, and the two chutes on both sides are slightly narrower, used to collect the upper and lower casings. The work flow is as follows: after the waste lithium-ion battery has completed two trimming actions, the lithium-ion battery is pushed out. At the same time, the linear guide parallel moving pneumatic finger 52 moves horizontally to the second automatic trimming device 4 (and the third automatic trimming device 4). At the maximum open position, the front end of the lithium-ion battery remains relatively stationary under the blocking of the L-shaped lower connecting plate, and the pneumatic finger connecting plate 51 is closed to clamp the lithium-ion battery, and the upper and lower connecting plates are installed After the organ-type vacuum suction cup 50 firmly adsorbs the upper and lower casings, the pneumatic finger 52 returns to the horizontal initial position and corresponds to the center line of the separation collection guide groove of the three compartments. At the same time, the pneumatic finger rotating cylinder 53 rotates 90 degrees counterclockwise, The pneumatic finger connecting plate 51 is opened, and the battery cell falls into the middle chute; finally, the organ-type vacuum suction cup 50 releases the adsorption of the upper and lower casings, and the upper and lower casings fall into the chutes on both sides for collection, and then the pneumatic fingers 52 Return to the original position and prepare for the next dismantling of the spent lithium-ion battery.

The size of the solid briquetting block and the hollow briquetting block in the above-mentioned technical solution is a modular design of large, medium and small after classifying different sizes of lithium ion batteries into large, medium and small. For different modules, when the platform is opened, that is, when the hollow pressing block moves to the limit position, the width of the contact surface between the solid pressing block and each hollow pressing block should be greater than half of the width of the hollow pressing block to ensure the reliability of pressing.

The compression method in the above technical solution is based on the test including the use of fixed long beading bars fixed on two platforms to carry out the whole process of compression. It is also necessary to move together with the push device, otherwise the lithium-ion battery will have a huge bending deformation at the end of the cut. Therefore, the pressing method in the above technical solution is to use two sets of hollow pressing blocks to press the two sides of the lithium-ion battery respectively, and the long flat keys on the base cooperate with the chute on the platform to achieve synchronous tensioning and relative sliding, ensuring that In the process of trimming, it has been in a compressed state and has no obvious bending deformation.

In the above scheme: different from the traditional sawing that is inefficient and prone to sparks and the expensive water jet cutting, the knife cutting method is more efficient, cheaper, and can quickly complete the destructive discharge operation of the lithium-ion battery, which is safe. Sex is high. The tool is installed with an oblique mouth downward, which gives a downward force to the battery to be cut to ensure that the lithium-ion battery will not flip up during cutting.

In the above scheme: after the first trimming of the waste lithium-ion battery is completed in the No. 1 automatic trimming device, the pushing cylinder on the other end of the No. 1 distance-adjusting platform corresponding to the motion platform is pushed out to the No. 2 distance-adjusting platform. On the external platform at the other end, at the same time, the motor drives the bidirectional screw movement, and the No. 1 distance-adjusting platform and the No. 2 distance-adjusting platform are closed to the initial position. When the station conversion device transports the waste lithium-ion battery after the first trimming to the second automatic trimming device, the platforms in the first automatic trimming device and the second automatic trimming device need to be in the initial closed position .

In the above technical solution, the lithium-ion battery that has completed the first trimming action realizes the cutting of the four sides of the lithium-ion battery after completing the second trimming action, and the remaining lithium-ion battery only includes the upper case and the battery cell. There may be damage, three parts of the lower case, and after the No. 3 distance control platform and the No. 4 distance control platform are closed to the initial position, they are pushed out into the separate coring device through the pushing cylinder on the other side of the No. 4 distance control platform , the battery core and the upper and lower casings are separated and assembled by the separation core device.

Example 2

A method for adapting to the disassembly of a multi-specification square lithium-ion battery, using the device for adapting to the disassembly of a multi-specification square lithium-ion battery described in Embodiment 1, comprising the following steps:

1) Put a batch of square waste lithium-ion batteries 9 with different sizes and specifications, without pre-discharge treatment, and directly place them in a certain direction in the separate space of the feeding conveyor belt 8 with baffles as shown in Figure 2. The intermittent feeding control system cooperates with the knife cutting and dismantling speed for feeding;

2) The waste lithium-ion battery first slides down to the No. 1 distance-adjusting platform 14 in the No. 1 automatic trimming device 2 through the feeding chute 7, and the distance-measuring cylinder 10, The blocking cylinder 11 and the limit bar 12 carry out push positioning and distance measurement in the length direction and feed it back to the control system. The system controls the two-way screw synchronous distance adjustment device 13 according to the battery length to drive the No. 1 distance control platform 14 and the No. 2 distance control platform. 15 opens and closes to a certain distance, and at the same time drives the sliding base 29, the vertical U-shaped block 30 with a through slot, and the hollow press with the flat key, which cooperate with the No. The block 31, the cutter 39 and the Z-shaped pressing block 40 move synchronously, and finally the solid pressing block 33 is moved downward by the pressing cylinder 32 in the modular variable-distance side pressing device shown in FIG. 6 to press the lithium-ion battery, Then, the push hydraulic cylinder 35 in the push motion platform shown in FIG. 7 moves the outer frame 37 installed with the modular variable pitch blanking device of FIG. 6 to the maximum stroke position along the linear slide rail 34 through the push connector 36 During this period, the two ends of the lithium ion battery are cut on both sides of the length direction of the lithium ion battery through the variable-distance knife cutting device shown in FIG. Collector trough 41 is finally collected into waste trough 55;

3) The main body of the lithium-ion battery after the first trimming is completed, is pushed out by the push-out cylinder 17 on the other end of the No. 1 distance-adjusting platform corresponding to the motion platform to the external platform 16 on the other end of the No. 2 synchronous distance-adjusting platform , and the lithium-ion battery is clamped by a simple manipulator composed of a rotating cylinder 44, a clamping cylinder 45, a push plate assembly 46 and other structures in the station conversion device shown in FIG. 9, and the horizontal screw motor module 43 horizontally flips 90 degrees during the process from the initial position to the maximum stroke position, during which the vertical screw motor module 42 drives the lithium-ion battery up and down to cross the obstacle and successfully transfer to the feeding side of the No. 2 automatic trimming device shown in Figure 10 On the No. 3 distance-adjusting platform 47, at the same time, the synchronous distance-adjusting platform in Fig. 5 is closed to the initial position; after the lithium-ion battery station conversion is completed, the push motion platform in Fig. 7 returns to the initial position, and at the same time, Fig. 1 intermittently The feeding device continues feeding, and starts the first trimming action of the second lithium-ion battery;

4) In the same action as the No. 1 automatic trimming device 2, the first lithium ion battery is cut on the other two sides through the No. 2 automatic trimming device 4. The guide trough and the confluence trough are finally collected into the waste trough 55;

5) After the first waste lithium-ion battery has completed two edge trimming operations, the No. 3 distance-adjusting platform 47 and the No. 4 distance-adjusting platform 48 are closed to the initial position, and then the lithium ion The battery is pushed out, and at the same time, the pneumatic finger 52 of the separation coring device shown in FIG. 11 moves horizontally through the screw motor module 49 in the horizontal direction to basically contact with the No. position, the front end of the battery remains relatively stationary under the blocking of the L-shaped lower connecting plate in the pneumatic finger connecting plate 51, and then, the pneumatic finger is closed to clamp the lithium-ion battery, and the organ-type vacuum suction cups 50 installed on the pneumatic finger connecting plate 50 pairs After the upper and lower casings are firmly adsorbed, the pneumatic fingers 52 return to the horizontal initial position and correspond to the center line of the sedan separation aggregate guide groove 54. At the same time, the pneumatic finger rotating cylinder 53 rotates 90 degrees counterclockwise, the pneumatic fingers are opened, and the battery Fall into the cell collection chute in the middle; finally, the organ-type vacuum suction cup releases the adsorption of the upper and lower cases, and the upper and lower cases fall into the case collection chute on both sides for collection, and then return to the original position, ready to be lowered. The dismantling of a waste lithium-ion battery has since completed the dismantling and recycling of a lithium-ion battery.

Claims (7)

1. The utility model provides a device that many specifications of adaptation square lithium ion battery disassembled which characterized in that:

the method comprises the following steps: control system and pipelined's system of disassembling, the system of disassembling includes: the intermittent type feeding device (1), the first automatic trimming device (2), the station conversion device (3), the second automatic trimming device (4) and the separating and coring device (5) are sequentially fixed on the rack (6); the control system controls each component of the disassembling system to perform assembly line type operation: the intermittent type formula loading attachment (1) transports waste lithium ion battery to automatic side cut device (2) No. one, automatic side cut device (2) accomplish the side cut action to waste lithium ion battery symmetry both sides, station conversion equipment (3) will cut the edge waste lithium ion battery and rotate 90 degrees and transport No. two automatic side cut device (4), No. two automatic side cut device (4) accomplish the side cut action to waste lithium ion battery other both sides, waste lithium ion battery after two side cuts only contains upper watchcase, electric core, lower watchcase, separate upper and lower watchcase and electric core by separation coring device (5) at last, and collect respectively;

a automatic side cut device (2) and No. two automatic side cut devices (4) all include: the device comprises a feeding distance measuring device, a synchronous distance adjusting platform, a modular variable-pitch blank holder device, a pushing motion platform, a variable-pitch cutting device and a waste material converging device; the synchronous distance adjusting platform is provided with two sub-platforms with adjustable mutual distance, and the distance changing cutting device is provided with two cutters which are respectively fixed on the two sub-platforms; the modularized variable-pitch edge pressing device can be synchronously opened and closed along with the synchronous distance adjusting platform and is connected with the pushing moving platform, the waste lithium ion batteries are tightly pressed on the synchronous distance adjusting platform and move along with the pushing moving platform, and cutting at two ends of the waste lithium ion batteries is achieved along the way through the cutter.

2. The device for disassembling the square lithium ion battery according to claim 1, wherein:

the intermittent feeding device (1) comprises: a feeding conveyor belt (8) and a feeding chute (7); the feeding conveyor belt (8) is provided with barrier strips which divide the feeding conveyor belt into a plurality of independent square spaces for placing the waste lithium ion batteries (9); the feeding chute (7) is connected with the tail end of the feeding conveyor belt (8) and a feeding distance measuring device in the first automatic edge cutting device (2).

3. The device for disassembling the square lithium ion battery according to claim 1, wherein:

each part of an automatic edge cutting device (2) specifically is:

synchronous roll adjustment platform: comprises two U-shaped grooves with opposite openings as sub-platforms and a bidirectional screw rod synchronous distance adjusting device (13) for adjusting the distance between the two U-shaped grooves; the upper plane of the outer U-shaped groove is a first distance adjusting platform (14), the upper plane of the inner U-shaped groove is a second distance adjusting platform (15), the upper part of the tail end of the first distance adjusting platform (14) is provided with a push-out cylinder (17), and the upper surface of the second distance adjusting platform (15) is provided with an external platform (16) at a position corresponding to the push-out cylinder (17); elongated slots extending along the edges of the openings of the U-shaped slots are arranged in parallel on the lower sides of the first distance adjusting platform (14) and the second distance adjusting platform (15);

pan feeding range unit: the device is composed of a distance measuring cylinder (10) on a first distance adjusting platform (14), a blocking cylinder (11) on a second distance adjusting platform (15) and barrier strips (12) which limit the trend of the waste lithium ion batteries on the left side and the right side of the first distance adjusting platform (14);

modularization displacement blank holder device: the device comprises two sets of sliding bases (29) with long flat keys, two sets of vertical U-shaped blocks (30) with grooves, two sets of hollow press blocks (31) with flat keys, a solid press block (33) and a pressing cylinder (32); the sliding base (29) is respectively matched with the long grooves on the lower sides of the first distance adjusting platform (14) and the second distance adjusting platform (15) through long flat keys and can slide along the long grooves; the two sets of vertical U-shaped blocks (30) are respectively connected with the two sets of sliding bases (29); the hollow pressing blocks (31) are inserted into the vertical U-shaped blocks (30), the two hollow pressing blocks (31) are respectively matched with the through grooves of the two sets of vertical U-shaped blocks (30), the distance between the two hollow pressing blocks is increased due to the separation of the first distance adjusting platform (14) and the second distance adjusting platform (15), and the hollow parts of the two hollow pressing blocks (31) can be communicated; the upper end of the solid pressing block (33) is connected with the pressing cylinder (32), and the lower end of the solid pressing block is inserted into a hollow part communicated with the two hollow pressing blocks (31) and can press one part of each of the two hollow pressing blocks;

the propelling movement platform includes: an outer frame (37) which is provided with a through groove and is respectively matched with a flat key on the sliding base (29), a top plate for fixing the pressing cylinder (32), a set of linear slide block slide rail (34) and a pushing hydraulic cylinder (35); the linear sliding block sliding rail (34) is arranged at the bottom of the outer frame (37), the sliding direction of the linear sliding block sliding rail is the same as the direction of long grooves at the lower sides of the first distance adjusting platform (14) and the second distance adjusting platform (15), and the pushing hydraulic cylinder (35) is connected with the side part of the outer frame (37) through a pushing connector (36);

the variable-pitch cutting device comprises: two sets of Z-shaped pressing blocks (40), two cutters (39) and a fixing screw; two cutters are respectively arranged on the first distance adjusting platform (14) and the second distance adjusting platform (15) through two sets of Z-shaped pressing blocks and are fixed through screws, the inclined openings of the cutters are downwards arranged, and the cutting direction is the same as the direction of long grooves on the lower sides of the first distance adjusting platform (14) and the second distance adjusting platform (15);

the waste material confluence device comprises: a guide chute (38) which is matched with the cutter (39) and is used for collecting trimming waste materials, and a waste material collecting chute (41) which is matched with the lower end of the guide chute (38).

4. The device for disassembling the square lithium ion battery according to claim 1, wherein:

the station switching device (3) comprises: the device comprises a vertical screw rod motor module (42), a horizontal screw rod motor module (43) and two multi-axis manipulators; the horizontal lead screw motor module (43) is arranged at the front end of the vertical lead screw motor module (42) and can move up and down along with the vertical lead screw motor module, and the two multi-axis manipulators are arranged at the front part of the horizontal lead screw motor module (43) and can move along the horizontal direction; every multi-axis manipulator includes a revolving cylinder (44), a die clamping cylinder (45) and a push pedal subassembly (46), revolving cylinder (44) lower extreme is connected push pedal subassembly (46), revolving cylinder (44) can drive push pedal subassembly (46) and do 90 degrees rotations, the shell of push pedal subassembly (46) is lower extreme open-ended frame shape, the inside push pedal that is provided with in shell one side, and the push pedal is connected die clamping cylinder (45), can press from both sides tight lithium ion battery through the propulsion of die clamping cylinder (45) cylinder.

5. The device for disassembling the square lithium ion battery according to claim 1, wherein:

each part of the second automatic trimming device (4) is specifically as follows:

synchronous roll adjustment platform: the device comprises two U-shaped grooves with opposite openings and a bidirectional screw rod synchronous distance adjusting device used for adjusting the distance between the two U-shaped grooves, wherein the two U-shaped grooves are used as sub-platforms; the upper plane of the U-shaped groove at the inner side is a third distance adjusting platform (47), and the upper plane of the U-shaped groove at the outer side is a fourth distance adjusting platform (48); a push-out cylinder is arranged at the tail part of the fourth distance adjusting platform (48) and used for pushing the battery to the separation coring device (5); elongated slots extending along the edges of the openings of the U-shaped grooves are arranged in parallel on the lower sides of the third distance adjusting platform (47) and the fourth distance adjusting platform (48);

pan feeding range unit: the device is composed of a distance measuring cylinder on a third distance adjusting platform (47), a blocking cylinder on a fourth distance adjusting platform (48) and barrier strips for limiting the trend of the waste lithium ion batteries on the left side and the right side of the third distance adjusting platform (47);

modularization displacement blank holder device: the device comprises two sets of sliding bases with long flat keys, two sets of vertical U-shaped blocks with through grooves, two sets of hollow press blocks with flat keys, a solid press block and a pressing cylinder; the sliding base is matched with the long grooves on the lower sides of the third distance adjusting platform (47) and the fourth distance adjusting platform (48) through long flat keys respectively and can slide along the long grooves; the two sets of vertical U-shaped blocks are respectively connected with the two sets of sliding bases; the hollow pressing blocks are inserted into the vertical U-shaped blocks, the two hollow pressing blocks are respectively matched with the through grooves of the two sets of vertical U-shaped blocks, the distance between the two hollow pressing blocks is increased due to the separation of the third distance adjusting platform (47) and the fourth distance adjusting platform (48), and the hollow parts of the two hollow pressing blocks can be communicated; the upper end of the solid pressing block is connected with the pressing cylinder, and the lower end of the solid pressing block is inserted into a hollow part communicated with the two hollow pressing blocks and can press one part of each of the two hollow pressing blocks;

the propelling movement platform includes: the outer frame is provided with a through groove and is respectively matched with a flat key on the sliding base, the top plate is used for fixing the compression cylinder, a set of linear slide block slide rail and a pushing hydraulic cylinder; the linear slide block slide rail is arranged at the bottom of the outer frame, the sliding direction of the linear slide block slide rail is the same as the direction of the long grooves at the lower sides of the third distance adjusting platform (47) and the fourth distance adjusting platform (48), and the pushing hydraulic cylinder is connected with the side part of the outer frame through a pushing connector;

the variable-pitch cutting device comprises: two sets of Z-shaped pressing blocks, two cutters and fixing screws; two cutters are respectively arranged on the third distance adjusting platform (47) and the fourth distance adjusting platform (48) through two sets of Z-shaped pressing blocks and are fixed through screws, the inclined openings of the cutters are downwards arranged, and the cutting direction is the same as the direction of the lower long grooves of the third distance adjusting platform (47) and the fourth distance adjusting platform (48);

the waste material confluence device comprises: a guide chute matched with the cutter to collect the waste cut by the cutter and a waste collecting chute matched with the lower end of the guide chute.

6. The device for disassembling the square lithium ion battery according to claim 1, wherein:

the separating and coring device (5) comprises: a screw rod motor module (49) in the horizontal direction, a pneumatic finger rotating cylinder (53), a linear guide rail parallel moving type pneumatic finger (52), a finger connecting plate (51), an organ type vacuum suction cup (50) and a three-compartment separation material collection guide groove (54); the upper end of a pneumatic finger (52) is connected with a pneumatic finger connecting plate (51), the pneumatic finger connecting plate (51) comprises an upper connecting plate and a lower connecting plate which can be opened, an organ type vacuum chuck (50) is respectively arranged on the upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate, and the lower connecting plate is L-shaped and used for blocking the waste lithium ion battery which is pushed out in a limiting manner and completes two trimming actions; the lower end of the pneumatic finger (52) is provided with a pneumatic finger rotating cylinder (53), and the pneumatic finger (52) is connected to a screw rod motor module (49) in the horizontal direction through a connecting part, so that the pneumatic finger can move in the horizontal direction and move between the second automatic trimming device (4) and the three-compartment separation material collecting guide groove (54); the three-compartment separation collecting guide groove comprises three sliding grooves, the middle sliding groove is used for collecting the battery cell, and the two sliding grooves on the two sides are used for collecting the upper meter shell and the lower meter shell.

7. A method for adapting to the disassembly of multi-specification square lithium ion batteries, which uses the device for adapting to the disassembly of multi-specification square lithium ion batteries of claim 1, is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

a) sequentially placing a batch of square waste lithium ion batteries containing different sizes on an intermittent feeding device (1) without early discharge treatment, and feeding by the intermittent feeding device (1) in cooperation with a knife-cutting disassembling speed;

b) the method comprises the following steps that waste lithium ion batteries firstly slide down to a synchronous distance adjusting platform in an automatic edge cutting device (2), a feeding distance measuring device is used for pushing, positioning and distance measuring in the length direction and feeding back to a control system, the control system controls the synchronous distance adjusting platform to be opened and closed to a certain distance according to the length of the batteries and is matched with a modular variable-pitch edge pressing device to tightly press the waste lithium ion batteries, then a pushing motion platform drives the modular variable-pitch edge pressing device and the waste lithium ion batteries to complete cutting of two sides of the lithium ion batteries in the length direction through a variable-pitch cutting device adjusted along with the step distance adjusting platform, and cut parts of the two sides are collected into a waste tank through a waste collecting device;

c) the waste lithium ion battery main body after the first trimming is finished is pushed out by a synchronous distance adjusting platform in the first automatic trimming device (2), and the waste lithium ion battery is horizontally turned over by 90 degrees by the station switching device (3) and transferred to the synchronous distance adjusting platform of the second automatic trimming device (4); meanwhile, the synchronous distance adjusting platform of the first automatic edge cutting device (2) is closed to the initial position, after the station conversion of the waste lithium ion batteries is completed, the pushing motion platform of the first automatic edge cutting device (2) is restored to the initial position, the intermittent feeding device of the first automatic edge cutting device (2) continues feeding, and the first edge cutting action of the second lithium ion battery is started;

d) the actions of the first automatic edge cutting device (2) are the same, the first waste lithium ion battery finishes the cutting of the other two sides through the second automatic edge cutting device (4), and the cut parts of the two sides are collected into a waste trough through a waste collecting device of the second automatic edge cutting device (4);

e) after first piece waste lithium ion battery has accomplished twice side cut action, the synchronous roll adjustment platform of No. two automatic side cut devices (4) is closed to initial position, then in propelling movement platform's maximum displacement department, releases waste lithium ion battery, and meanwhile, separation coring device (5) horizontal motion carries out the decomposition and the collection of the electric core of battery and upper and lower watchcase to No. two automatic side cut devices (4).

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