CN108767460B - Ultra-wideband antenna with triple notch characteristics - Google Patents
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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Abstract
The invention discloses an ultra-wideband antenna with a three-notch characteristic, which comprises a dielectric substrate, a radiation patch, a microstrip feeder line and a truncated grounding plate, wherein the radiation patch and the microstrip feeder line are printed on the front surface of the dielectric substrate, and the truncated grounding plate is printed on the back surface of the dielectric substrate; the radiation patch is of a second-order fractal structure which adopts a regular polygon to extend and iterate outwards along each side; the microstrip feeder line is connected with the bottom of the radiation patch and correspondingly overlapped on the slot of the truncated grounding plate; the top both sides of truncated ground plate are formed with the corner cut portion of symmetry setting. The fractal structure is adopted as the radiation patch, so that the miniaturization of the ultra-wideband antenna is realized; the stop band is generated by slotting and introducing fishhook-shaped branches, so that the interference of different narrowband signals is effectively filtered, the mutual compatible cooperative communication of an ultra-wideband system and other narrowband communication systems is realized, and the ultra-wideband communication system has the advantages of miniaturization, simple structure, good radiation characteristic and strong anti-interference capability and has higher practical value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of wireless communication, and particularly relates to an ultra-wideband antenna with a triple notch characteristic.
Background
The ultra-wideband technology has the advantages of high transmission rate, low power consumption, high resolution and the like, and is widely applied to the fields of radar remote sensing and military communication. After the ultra-wideband band of 3.1 to 10.6GHz has been divided into the field of civil communications by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) in 2002, ultra-wideband technology has attracted much attention from the academia and the business industries. The ultra-wideband antenna is used as a core component of the system, and the quality of the performance of the ultra-wideband antenna directly influences the transmission quality of the whole system.
Because of the extremely wide frequency band occupied by ultra wideband systems, many narrowband communication systems are included, such as 3.3-3.6GHz wireless local area networks (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access, wiMAX), 3.7-4.2GHz C-band satellite communications, and 7.25-7.75GHz X-band satellite communications systems. These narrowband systems inevitably produce electromagnetic interference with ultra wideband systems. In order to avoid the interference of the narrowband signals, an ultra-wideband antenna with a notch characteristic needs to be designed, and meanwhile, in order to meet the requirements of increasingly miniaturization and portability of current electronic products, the miniaturization design of the ultra-wideband antenna is a research hot spot at home and abroad at present.
In order to avoid electromagnetic interference existing between an ultra-wideband system and a narrowband system, a traditional method is to introduce a band-stop filter into the ultra-wideband system, but this clearly increases the volume, design complexity and cost of the system. Another simple approach is to introduce a notch structure in the ultra wideband antenna structure, such as etching a differently shaped slot in the radiating element, feed line or ground plate of the antenna, or introducing a parasitic element, etc. For example, an ultra wideband antenna with single notch characteristics as proposed in the references "Modified Sierpinski square fractal antenna covering ultra-wide band application with band notch characteristics, choukiker Y, behera S, IET Microwaves Antennas & provision, 2014,8 (7): 506-512" uses a modified Sierpinski rectangular fractal structure as a radiating element, and generates a notch characteristic of 5-6GHz by opening an inverted U-shaped slot at the feed line, the overall size of the antenna being 34 x 1.6mm3, but the antenna only filters out interference of a WLAN one-band narrowband signal and is physically large. In another article, hu Zhangfang, hu Yinping, luo Yuan, for example, in the article "improved Sierpinski fractal ultra-wideband antenna with notch characteristics" of "electronic and informatics report" in 6 th period of 2017, an ultra-wideband antenna with single notch characteristics is proposed, the antenna adopts an improved 4-order Sierpinski diamond fractal structure as a radiating element, the feeding mode is coplanar waveguide feeding, the ground plate is two trapezoid metal sheets located at two sides of the feeder, notch characteristics with a center frequency of 5.5GHz are generated by introducing symmetrical L-shaped open branches at two sides of the radiating element, and the antenna size is smaller and is only 16×30×1.6mm3, but only narrow-band signals of one frequency band of the WLAN can be filtered.
Another example is a square double-notch ultra-wideband antenna with U-shaped slot, and Chinese patent with application number 201510933667.1, which proposes an ultra-wideband antenna with double-notch characteristics, the antenna is composed of a square radiating element and a coplanar waveguide feed ground plane, the double-notch characteristics are generated by opening U-shaped slots on the square radiating element and introducing spiral resonators on both sides of the radiating element, and the physical size of the antenna is 42×42×0.924mm 3 Also, the physical size is large, and the integration is not easy.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the defects in the prior art, the technical problem solved by the invention is to provide the ultra-wideband antenna with the triple notch characteristics, which has the advantages of simple structure, small size and stable performance, and can filter the interference of different narrowband signals.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the invention provides an ultra-wideband antenna with a triple notch characteristic, which comprises a dielectric substrate, a radiation patch, a microstrip feeder line and a truncated grounding plate, wherein the radiation patch and the microstrip feeder line are both printed on the front surface of the dielectric substrate, and the truncated grounding plate is printed on the back surface of the dielectric substrate;
the radiation patch is of a second-order fractal structure which adopts a regular polygon to extend outwards and iterate along each side, and grooves are formed in the middle and the top of the radiation patch and parasitic branches are introduced;
the microstrip feeder is connected with the bottom of the radiation patch and correspondingly overlapped on the slot of the truncated grounding plate, and a slot structure is arranged on the microstrip feeder;
rectangular grooves are formed in the middle upper portion of the truncated grounding plate, and corner cutting portions which are symmetrically arranged are formed in two sides of the top.
By the above, the ultra-wideband antenna with the triple notch characteristic adopts the fractal structure as the radiation patch, thereby realizing the miniaturization of the ultra-wideband antenna; the parasitic branches are introduced through the radiation patch, and the microstrip feeder slot is arranged to generate a stop band, so that the interference of different narrowband signals can be filtered, and the mutual compatible cooperative communication of an ultra-wideband system and other narrowband communication systems is realized; has the advantages of miniaturization, simple structure, good radiation characteristic, strong anti-interference capability and the like.
As a preferred implementation manner of the foregoing technical solution, the ultra-wideband antenna with triple notch characteristics provided in the embodiments of the present invention further includes some or all of the following technical features:
as an improvement of the above technical solution, in one embodiment of the present invention, the regular polygon is a regular hexagon unit, and a regular hexagon groove is formed in the middle of the radiation patch;
rectangular grooves are formed in the tops of the radiation patches, and symmetrical fishhook-shaped branches are arranged below the rectangular grooves. Optionally, the fishhook-shaped branches are located at two sides of the central axis of the medium substrate and connected with the rectangular groove.
By adopting a regular hexagon as a radiation patch through a second-order iteration fractal structure, the self-similarity characteristic and the space filling characteristic of the fractal structure are utilized to effectively expand the bandwidth of the antenna and reduce the size of the antenna; the radiating patch is provided with the regular hexagon and the rectangular groove, so that the current distribution characteristic of the surface of the antenna can be changed, the current path of the surface of the antenna is increased, and the low-frequency band width of the antenna is expanded; the introduction of symmetrical fishhook branches can produce stopband characteristics and flexibly adjust the center frequency and bandwidth of the notch by adjusting the straight hook length and the hook length of the fishhook-shaped branches.
In addition, in the specific embodiment of the invention, the side length of the regular hexagon unit is 2.2mm, and the side length of the regular hexagon groove is 6.2-6.8mm. The length of the rectangular groove is 2.8-3.2mm, and the width of the rectangular groove is 1.8-2.2mm. The length of the straight hook of the fishhook-shaped branch knot is 9-11mm, and the length of the bent hook is 3-4mm.
In one embodiment of the invention, the microstrip feeder is a microstrip feeder with characteristic impedance of 50Ω, the length of the microstrip feeder is 6.2-6.5mm, and the width of the microstrip feeder is 2.89mm;
the microstrip feeder is etched to form an inverted U-shaped narrow gap, the inverted U-shaped narrow gap extends downwards from the top of the microstrip feeder, and the gap width of the inverted U-shaped narrow gap is 0.4mm.
By the method, the inverted U-shaped narrow slit is etched on the microstrip feeder to generate another notch frequency band, and good notch characteristics are realized by adjusting the width, the length, the distance from a feed port and other parameters of the inverted U-shaped narrow slit, so that the adjusting process is flexible.
In addition, the method of introducing symmetrical fishhook-shaped branches and opening inverted U-shaped narrow gaps is adopted to generate the notch characteristic, so that the filter has a simple structure, replaces the filter design, reduces the design cost and complexity, is convenient to process and is convenient to produce.
In one embodiment of the invention, the slot of the truncated ground plate is positioned at the middle upper part of the truncated ground plate and right below the microstrip feeder, the width of the slot is the same as the width of the microstrip feeder, and the length of the slot is 4-5mm.
As an improvement of the technical scheme, the horizontal length of the corner cutting part of the truncated grounding plate is 4-5mm, and the vertical length of the corner cutting part is 4-5mm.
By adopting the truncated grounding plate structure, triangular corners are cut off at two sides of the top of the grounding plate, and rectangular grooves are formed in the middle and upper parts of the grounding plate, the structure can generate gradual resonance characteristics, so that the antenna can generate stable transition from one resonance mode to another resonance mode, and the antenna performance is further improved.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the dielectric substrate is 1.6mm, and the length and width of the dielectric substrate are 25mm and 18mm, respectively.
By the above, adopt the planarization structure, the size is less, compact structure, be convenient for realize with the integration of radio frequency front-end circuit.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the present invention, and is intended to be implemented in accordance with the teachings of the present invention, as well as to provide further clarity and understanding of the above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention, as described in the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings of the embodiments will be briefly described below.
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of an ultra wideband antenna with triple notch characteristics in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a front structural view of an ultra wideband antenna with triple notch characteristics according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a rear structural view of an ultra wideband antenna with triple notch characteristics according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a fractal block diagram of a radiating patch of an ultra wideband antenna with triple notch characteristics in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a return loss plot of an ultra wideband antenna with triple notch characteristics in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a graph of peak gain for an ultra wideband antenna with triple notch characteristics in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7a and 7b are radiation patterns of the ultra wideband antenna with triple notch characteristics of the present invention at different frequency points.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the invention, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, illustrates the principles of the invention by way of example and by way of a further explanation of the principles of the invention, and its features and advantages will be apparent from the detailed description. In the drawings to which reference is made, the same or similar components in different drawings are denoted by the same reference numerals.
As shown in fig. 1 to 7, the ultra-wideband antenna with triple notch characteristics of the present invention includes a dielectric substrate 10, a radiation patch 20, a microstrip feed line 30, and a truncated ground plate 40, wherein the radiation patch 20 and the microstrip feed line 30 are printed on the front surface of the dielectric substrate 10, and the truncated ground plate 40 is printed on the back surface of the dielectric substrate 10. As shown in fig. 4, the radiation patch 20 adopts a second-order fractal structure of which regular hexagons extend and iterate outwards along each side, and the radiation patch 20 of the fractal structure is formed in the following manner: the basic regular polygon structure is reduced by a scaling factor k or has the same size in equal proportion, and a regular polygon is extended outwards along each side to form a first-order fractal; the first-order fractal is reduced by a scaling factor k or has the same size in equal proportion, and a regular polygon is extended outwards along each side to obtain a second-order fractal structure, wherein the scaling factor k is smaller than 1, for example, k=0.5. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the basic regular polygon is a regular hexagonal cell, and the side length of the regular hexagonal cell is 2.2mm. Regular hexagons and rectangular grooves are cut out on the radiation patch 20, a regular hexagon groove 22 is located at the center of the radiation patch 20, a rectangular groove 21 is located at the top of the radiation patch 20, and the positions of the regular hexagons and the rectangular grooves are shown in fig. 1 and 2, wherein the side length of the regular hexagon groove 22 is 6.2-6.8mm, the side length of the regular hexagon groove 22 is preferably 6.5mm, the length of the rectangular groove 21 is 2.8-3.2mm, the width is 1.8-2.2mm, and the length of the rectangular groove 21 is preferably 3mm and the width is 2mm. In addition, symmetrical fishhook branches 23 are introduced on the radiation patch 20, and the positions of the fishhook branches 23 are shown in fig. 2, and are arranged below the rectangular groove 21, on two sides of the central axis of the dielectric substrate 10 and connected with the rectangular groove 21. The length of the straight hook of the fishhook-shaped branch 23 is 9-11mm, the length of the bent hook is 3-4mm, the bent hook of the fishhook-shaped branch 23 bends towards the direction back to the central axis of the medium substrate 10, the length of the straight hook of the fishhook-shaped branch 23 is 10mm, and the length of the bent hook is 3.5mm.
The bottom of the radiating patch 20 is connected to a microstrip feed line 30 having a characteristic impedance of 50Ω, the microstrip feed line 30 having a length of 6.2-6.5mm and a width of 2.89mm. The microstrip feed line 30 is etched with an inverted U-shaped narrow slot 31 extending downward from the top of the microstrip feed line 30, the slot position being as shown in fig. 1 and 2, and the slot width being 0.4mm. And a 50 omega microstrip line is adopted for feeding, an inverted U-shaped narrow slit is etched on the microstrip line to generate another notch frequency band, and good notch characteristics are realized by adjusting the width, the length, the distance from a feeding port and other parameters of the inverted U-shaped narrow slit, so that the adjustment process is flexible.
The truncated ground plate 40 with the two side corner cuts 41 and the middle and upper slots 42 is printed on the lower side of the back of the dielectric substrate 10, the microstrip feeder 30 is located on the front of the dielectric substrate 10, its position corresponds to the position of the slots of the truncated ground plate 40 on the back of the dielectric substrate 10, and overlaps on the slots of the truncated ground plate 40, the positions of the two side corner cuts 41 are shown in fig. 3, in which the two corner cuts 41 are symmetrically arranged, the corner cuts 41 are triangular corners, and it is understood that the corner cuts 41 may also be arc corners or other shapes. The provision of the cut corner 41 improves the impedance matching characteristics of the antenna, the horizontal length of the cut corner 41 is 4-5mm, the vertical length of the cut corner is 4-5mm, preferably the horizontal length of the cut corner 41 is 4.2mm, the vertical length is 4.5mm, and the distance between the apex formed on the truncated ground plate 40 after cutting and a vertical side of the slot near the apex is 2.5-2.8mm. The slot 42 of the truncated ground plate 40 is located at the middle upper portion of the truncated ground plate 40 and directly below the microstrip feed line 30, and has the same width as the microstrip feed line 30, and has a width of 2.89mm, and a length of 4-5mm, wherein the length of the slot 42 is preferably 4.5mm, as shown in fig. 3. The use of the truncated shorted floor 40 structure as described above creates a gradual resonance characteristic that results in a smooth transition of the antenna from one resonant mode to another, thereby further improving the performance of the antenna.
The ultra-wideband antenna in this embodiment is printed on a dielectric substrate 10 of FR4 epoxy resin material having a length, width and thickness of 25mm, 18mm and 1.6mm, respectively, the dielectric substrate 10 having a relative permittivity of 4.4 and a dielectric loss tangent of 0.024.
In order to further illustrate the good performance of the ultra-wideband antenna with the triple notch characteristic, the modeling simulation of the radio frequency characteristic is carried out by using electromagnetic simulation software HFSS.
Referring to fig. 5, the bandwidth of the ultra-wideband antenna with return loss smaller than-10 dB is 2.8-11.6GHz, the ultra-wideband frequency band range specified by FCC is completely met, and good notch characteristics are generated in the frequency bands of 3.27-4.27GHz and 7.2-8GHz, so that electromagnetic interference caused by three narrowband signals of WiMAX, C-band satellites and X-band satellites can be effectively filtered.
Referring to fig. 6, the ultra-wideband antenna of the present invention has a gain substantially stabilized between 4-6dBi in the passband, a gain significantly reduced at the notch frequency band by more than about 8dBi compared to the passband, which indicates that the antenna can hardly operate normally in the notch frequency band, and a good notch effect is produced.
Referring to fig. 7, a radiation pattern of the ultra-wideband antenna at 3GHz, 6GHz, and 9GHz in an embodiment of the invention is provided. As can be seen from fig. 7 (a), the E-plane directional diagram of the antenna shows directional radiation in the shape of "8", and as can be seen from fig. 7 (b), the H-plane directional diagram of the antenna is approximately circular, and shows omni-directional radiation characteristics, and the antenna has better omni-directional radiation characteristics in the whole passband frequency band.
The simulation analysis shows that the bandwidth of the antenna is 2.8-11.8GHz, the working bandwidth completely meets the ultra-wideband frequency band range of 3.1-10.6GHz, the antenna has better stop band characteristics in two frequency bands of 3.27-4.27GHz and 7.2-8GHz, electromagnetic interference generated by three narrow-band communication systems of WiMAX (3.3-3.6 GHz), C-band satellite (3.7-4.2 GHz) and X-band satellite (7.25-7.75 GHz) can be filtered simultaneously, and the antenna has basically stable peak gain and omnidirectional radiation characteristics in the passband frequency band, so that the antenna has higher practical value.
The ultra-wideband antenna with the triple notch characteristics disclosed in the above embodiment has the advantages of miniaturization, simple structure, good radiation characteristics, strong anti-interference capability, stable performance and the like, and adopts the fractal structure as the radiation patch 20, so that the miniaturization of the ultra-wideband antenna is realized, the stop band is generated by slotting and introducing parasitic branches (fishhook branches), the interference of three narrowband signals of WIMAX, C-band satellites and X-band satellites is filtered, and the mutual compatible cooperative communication of an ultra-wideband system and other narrowband communication systems is realized. In addition, the center frequency and the bandwidth of the notch can be flexibly adjusted by adjusting the parameters of the straight hook and the bent hook length of the fishhook branch 23 and the inverted U-shaped narrow gap 31, and the fishhook branch has the characteristic of adjustable notch. The regular hexagon is adopted as the radiation patch 20 through the second-order iteration fractal structure, and the self-similar characteristic and the space filling characteristic of the fractal structure are utilized to effectively expand the bandwidth of the antenna and reduce the size of the antenna. Regular hexagonal and rectangular grooves are cut out on the radiation patch 20, and symmetrical fishhook-shaped branches 23 are introduced, so that the surface current distribution characteristic of the antenna is changed to a great extent, the surface current path of the antenna is increased, and the antenna expands the bandwidth of a low frequency band while generating a notch frequency band. The antenna grounding plate adopts a truncated grounding plate 40 structure, triangular corners are cut off at two sides of the top of the grounding plate, and a rectangular groove is formed in the middle upper part of the grounding plate, so that gradual resonance characteristics can be generated by the structure, and the antenna can be stably transited from one resonance mode to another resonance mode, so that the antenna performance is further improved. In addition, the invention adopts the method of introducing symmetrical fishhook-shaped branches 23 and opening inverted U-shaped narrow slits 31 to generate the notch characteristic, has simple structure, replaces the filter design, reduces the design cost and complexity, is convenient to process and produce, adopts a planarization structure, has smaller size and compact structure, and is convenient to integrate with a radio frequency front-end circuit.
While the invention has been described with respect to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood that the invention is not limited thereto, but is capable of modification and variation without departing from the spirit of the invention, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art.
Claims (9)
1. An ultra-wideband antenna with triple notch characteristics, comprising a dielectric substrate (10), a radiating patch (20), a microstrip feed line (30) and a truncated ground plate (40), characterized in that:
the radiation patch (20) and the microstrip feeder line (30) are both printed on the front surface of the dielectric substrate (10), and the truncated grounding plate (40) is printed on the back surface of the dielectric substrate (10);
the radiation patch (20) is of a second-order fractal structure which adopts a regular polygon to extend and iterate outwards along each side;
the microstrip feeder (30) is connected with the bottom of the radiation patch (20) and correspondingly overlapped on the slot (42) of the truncated grounding plate (40);
corner cutting parts (41) which are symmetrically arranged are formed on two sides of the top of the truncated grounding plate (40);
the radiation patch (20) adopts a second-order fractal structure which is formed by extending and iterating regular hexagons outwards along each side, and the radiation patch (20) of the fractal structure is formed in the following mode: the basic regular polygon structure is reduced by a scaling factor k or has the same size in equal proportion, and a regular polygon is extended outwards along each side to form a first-order fractal; the first-order fractal is reduced by a scaling factor k or has the same size in equal proportion, and a regular polygon is extended outwards continuously along each side to obtain a second-order fractal structure, wherein the scaling factor k is smaller than 1; regular hexagons and rectangular grooves are dug on the radiation patch (20), the regular hexagons grooves (22) are positioned at the center of the radiation patch (20), and the rectangular grooves (21) are positioned at the top of the radiation patch 20;
symmetrical fishhook-shaped branches (23) are introduced into the radiation patch (20), and hooks of the fishhook-shaped branches (23) are bent towards the direction opposite to the central axis of the medium substrate (10).
2. The ultra-wideband antenna with triple notch characteristics of claim 1, wherein: the fishhook-shaped branches (23) are positioned on two sides of the central axis of the medium substrate (10) and are connected with the rectangular grooves (21).
3. The ultra-wideband antenna with triple notch characteristics of claim 1, wherein: the slot (42) of the truncated grounding plate (40) is positioned in the middle of the truncated grounding plate (40) and is positioned right below the microstrip feeder (30), and the width of the slot (42) is the same as the width of the microstrip feeder (30); the length of the slot (42) is 4-5mm.
4. The ultra-wideband antenna with triple notch characteristics of claim 1, wherein: the side length of the regular hexagon unit is 2.2mm, and the side length of the regular hexagon groove (22) is 6.2-6.8mm.
5. The ultra-wideband antenna with triple notch characteristics of claim 1, wherein: the length of the rectangular groove (21) is 2.8-3.2mm, and the width is 1.8-2.2mm.
6. The ultra-wideband antenna with triple notch characteristics of claim 2, wherein: the length of the straight hook of the fishhook-shaped branch knot (23) is 9-11mm, and the length of the bent hook is 3-4mm.
7. The ultra-wideband antenna with triple notch characteristics of claim 1, wherein: the microstrip feeder (30) is a microstrip feeder with characteristic impedance of 50Ω, the length of the microstrip feeder (30) is 6.2-6.5mm, and the width of the microstrip feeder is 2.89mm;
the microstrip feeder (30) is etched to form an inverted U-shaped narrow slit (31), the inverted U-shaped narrow slit (31) extends downwards from the top of the microstrip feeder (30), and the slit width of the inverted U-shaped narrow slit (31) is 0.4mm.
8. The ultra-wideband antenna with triple notch characteristics of claim 1, wherein: the truncated ground plate (40) has a cut corner (41) with a horizontal length of 4-5mm and a vertical length of 4-5mm.
9. The ultra-wideband antenna with triple notch characteristics of any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein: the thickness of the dielectric substrate (10) is 1.6mm, and the length and the width of the dielectric substrate (10) are 25mm and 18mm respectively.
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| CN201810503628.1A CN108767460B (en) | 2018-05-23 | 2018-05-23 | Ultra-wideband antenna with triple notch characteristics |
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| CN201810503628.1A CN108767460B (en) | 2018-05-23 | 2018-05-23 | Ultra-wideband antenna with triple notch characteristics |
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