CN108191228A - Optical glass - Google Patents

Abstract

The technical problems to be solved by the invention are to provide the optical glass that a kind of transmitance and inside glass are good, are easy to economic volume production.Optical glass, weight percent composition include：SiO₂0 10%, B₂O₃10 30%, La₂O₃0 20%, ZrO₂0 12%, BaO 10 35%, Nb₂O₅15 40%.The present invention is by being reasonably formulated design, optical glass refractive index is made to be 1.82 1.88, Abbe number is 27 33, optical glass transmitance and inside glass are good, are easy to economic volume production, can be widely applied to the equipment such as digital camera, digital camera, camera cell phone.

Description

Optical glass

technical field

The invention relates to an optical glass with a refractive index of 1.82-1.88 and an Abbe number of 27-33, as well as a glass preform and an optical element made of the optical glass.

Background technique

In optical design, lenses made of high refraction and high dispersion optical glass are used in combination with lenses made of low refraction and low dispersion optical glass to correct the chromatic aberration of the optical system. The higher the refractive index and dispersion of the glass, the greater the content of components added to give the glass high refraction and high dispersion properties. However, since these components mainly absorb light in the short-wavelength region, the transmittance of the glass in the short-wavelength region will deteriorate, thereby affecting the imaging quality.

CN1931755A discloses an optical glass whose refractive index nd is greater than 1.80 and whose Abbe number Vd is less than 30. Its _TiO2 content is 22-37%. At such a high _TiO2 content, the glass has poor light absorption and transmission performance. The tendency to move to the long-wave direction leads to obvious coloring of the glass. At the same time, the high content of TiO ₂ will also cause the glass to lose its clarity.

The crystallization performance of glass has an important influence on the production of glass. The crystallization temperature of the glass is high. On the one hand, the viscosity of the glass is too small when the glass is formed, which is not conducive to the elimination of glass streaks. On the other hand, the damage to platinum and refractory materials is large, which is not conducive to reducing costs. Easy and economical volume production.

The glass disclosed in CN102172557A contains a large amount of bismuth oxide. Bismuth oxide is beneficial to increase the refractive index of the glass and reduce the transition temperature of the glass. However, if its content is too large, the devitrification resistance of the glass will be reduced, resulting in easy crystallization of the glass, making it difficult to obtain qualified products. At the same time, bismuth oxide is expensive, and the introduction of a large amount is not conducive to the reduction of production costs.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an optical glass with good transmittance and glass interior and easy to economical mass production.

The present invention also provides a glass preform and an optical element formed of the above-mentioned optical glass.

The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: optical glass, its weight percent composition includes: SiO ₂ 0-10%, B ₂ O ₃ 10-30%, La ₂ O ₃ 0-20%, ZrO ₂ 0- 12%, BaO 10-35%, Nb ₂ O ₅ 15-40%.

Further, its weight percent composition also includes: ZnO 0-8%, Al ₂ O ₃ 0-10%, Gd ₂ O ₃ 0-10%, Y ₂ O ₃ 0-10%, Yb ₂ O ₃ 0-10% %, Li ₂ O 0-5%, Na ₂ O 0-10%, K ₂ O 0-10%, MgO 0-10%, CaO 0-15%, SrO 0-10%, TiO ₂ 0-10% , WO ₃ 0-10%, Sb ₂ O ₃ 0-1%.

Further, its weight percent composition is: SiO ₂ 0-10%, B ₂ O ₃ 10-30%, La ₂ O ₃ 0-20%, ZrO ₂ 0-12%, BaO 10-35%, Nb ₂ O ₅ 15-40%, ZnO 0-8%, Al ₂ O ₃ 0-10%, Gd ₂ O ₃ 0-10%, Y ₂ O ₃ 0-10%, Yb ₂ O ₃ 0-10%, Li ₂ O 0-5%, Na ₂ O 0-10%, K ₂ O 0-10%, MgO 0-10%, CaO 0-15%, SrO 0-10%, TiO ₂ 0-10%, WO ₃ 0- 10%, Sb ₂ O ₃ 0-1%.

Further, wherein, SiO ₂ 0.5-9.5%, and/or B ₂ O ₃ 11-29%, and/or Al ₂ O ₃ 0-5%, and/or La ₂ O ₃ 3-19%, and/or or Gd ₂ O ₃ 0-5%, and/or Y ₂ O ₃ 0-5%, and/or Yb ₂ O ₃ 0-5%, and/or ZnO 0-7%, and/or ZrO ₂ 0.5- 11%, and/or _Li2O 0-4%, and/or _Na2O 0-5%, and/or _K2O 0-5%, and/or MgO 0-5%, and/or CaO 0 -10%, and/or SrO 0-5%, and/or BaO 12-33%, and/or TiO ₂ 0-5%, and/or Nb ₂ O ₅ 18-37%, and/or WO ₃ 0 -5%, and/or Sb ₂ O ₃ 0-0.5%.

Further, wherein SiO ₂ /B ₂ O ₃ is 0-0.8, and/or Li ₂ O+Na ₂ O+K ₂ O is 0-10%, and/or WO ₃ /Nb ₂ O ₅ is 0-0.8 0.2, and/or BaO+Nb ₂ O ₅ is 40-75%, and/or TiO ₂ /Nb ₂ O ₅ is 0-0.3.

Further, wherein, SiO ₂ 1-9%, and/or B ₂ O ₃ 12-28%, and/or La ₂ O ₃ 4-18%, and/or ZnO 0-6%, and/or ZrO ₂ 1 -10%, and/or _Li2O 0-2%, and/or CaO 0-5%, and/or SrO 0-3.5%, and/or BaO 15-30%, and/or TiO2 _0-2 %.

Further, wherein SiO ₂ /B ₂ O ₃ is 0.1-0.8, and/or Li ₂ O+Na ₂ O+K ₂ O is 0-5%, and/or WO ₃ /Nb ₂ O ₅ is 0- 0.15, and/or BaO+Nb ₂ O ₅ is 45-70%, and/or TiO ₂ /Nb ₂ O ₅ is 0-0.2.

Further, wherein SiO ₂ /B ₂ O ₃ is 0.2-0.6, and/or WO ₃ /Nb ₂ O ₅ is 0-0.1, and/or BaO+Nb ₂ O ₅ is 50-65%, and/or TiO ₂ /Nb ₂ O ₅ is 0-0.1.

Further, the refractive index of the glass is 1.82-1.88, preferably 1.83-1.87; the glass Abbe number is 27-33, preferably 28-32; the upper limit of the crystallization temperature is below 1250°C, preferably below 1230°C, more preferably 1200°C Below; optical glass λ ₇₀ is less than or equal to 420nm, preferably λ ₇₀ is less than or equal to 410nm.

The glass preform is formed by using the above-mentioned optical glass.

The optical element is formed using the above-mentioned optical glass.

The beneficial effect of the present invention is: the present invention makes optical glass refractive index 1.82-1.88, Abbe number 27-33 through reasonable formula design, optical glass transmittance and glass interior are good, easy to economic mass production, can be widely used Used in digital cameras, digital video cameras, camera phones and other equipment.

Detailed ways

Ⅰ. Optical glass

The composition of the optical glass of the present invention will be described in detail below. The content and total content of each glass component are expressed in % by weight unless otherwise specified, and the ratio of the content of the glass component to the total content is expressed in weight ratio.

SiO ₂ is the skeleton of optical glass, and as a glass network generator, it has the function of maintaining the chemical stability of the glass and improving the anti-devitrification performance of the glass. However, when the _SiO2 content is higher than 10%, on the one hand, the glass becomes very difficult to melt, and on the other hand, the required refractive index of the present invention cannot be obtained. Therefore, the content range of _SiO2 is limited to 0-10%, preferably 0.5-9.5%, more preferably 1-9%.

B ₂ O ₃ also serves as a glass network former in the glass of the present invention, and is an essential component for forming glass. When the B ₂ O ₃ content is less than 10%, the crystallization stability of the glass is not ideal; but when the B ₂ O ₃ content is greater than 30%, the viscosity of the glass becomes smaller and the volatilization increases, which is not conducive to the stable control of the refractive index and dispersion . Therefore, the B ₂ O ₃ content is limited to 10-30%, preferably 11-29%, more preferably 12-28%.

Although SiO ₂ and B ₂ O ₃ are both glass network formers, their structures and functions in glass are inconsistent. The ratio of the two network formers is closely related to the internal structure of the glass. That is to say, in the glass system of the present invention, the proportion relationship between SiO ₂ and B ₂ O ₃ is closely related to the chemical stability and crystallization performance of the glass. If the ratio SiO ₂ /B ₂ O ₃ of SiO ₂ to B ₂ O ₃ is too high, on the one hand, the melting performance of the glass will be deteriorated, and on the other hand, the crystallization performance of the glass is not good, and it is easy to devitrify; if SiO ₂ and B ₂ If the ratio SiO ₂ /B ₂ O ₃ of O ₃ is too low, the chemical stability of the glass will not meet the design requirements. When SiO ₂ /B ₂ O ₃ is between 0-0.8, the glass has proper chemical stability, melting performance and crystallization performance. Therefore, the range of SiO ₂ /B ₂ O ₃ in the present invention is 0-0.8, preferably 0.1-0.8, more preferably 0.2-0.6.

Al ₂ O ₃ can improve the chemical stability and devitrification resistance of glass, but when its content exceeds 10%, the refractive index of the glass will decrease significantly, and the melting property will become poor. Therefore, the content of Al ₂ O ₃ in the present invention is 0-10%, preferably 0-5%.

La ₂ O ₃ can effectively increase the refractive index of the glass, enhance the chemical stability and mechanical strength of the glass, and can reduce the relative partial dispersion of the glass. When its content exceeds 20%, the anti-devitrification performance of the glass will deteriorate significantly. Therefore, the content of La ₂ O ₃ in the present invention is 0-20%, preferably 3-19%, more preferably 4-18%.

Gd ₂ O ₃ is helpful for increasing the refractive index and reducing dispersion, and partially replacing La ₂ O ₃ can improve the anti-devitrification performance and chemical stability of glass, but the expensive raw material price limits the use of Gd ₂ O ₃ in glass. Therefore, the content of Gd ₂ O ₃ in the present invention is 0-10%, preferably 0-5%.

The glass component of the present invention can also introduce Y ₂ O ₃ to improve the meltability and devitrification resistance of the glass, and at the same time reduce the upper limit temperature of glass devitrification and improve the chemical stability of the glass, but if its content exceeds 10%, then The stability and devitrification resistance of the glass are reduced. Therefore, the content of Y ₂ O ₃ is in the range of 0-10%, preferably 0-5%.

Yb ₂ O ₃ is also a component that can be added to glass, and when its content exceeds 10%, the stability and devitrification resistance of the glass will decrease. Therefore, the range of Yb ₂ O ₃ content is limited to 0-10%, preferably 0-5%, more preferably not introduced.

As alkali metal oxides, Li ₂ O, Na ₂ O and K ₂ O can adjust the optical data of the glass, improve the melting effect of the glass, and make the glass have a low transition temperature. When the total content of Li ₂ O, Na ₂ O, and K ₂ O (Li ₂ O+Na ₂ O+K ₂ O) exceeds 10%, the refractive index of the glass decreases, and the chemical stability deteriorates. Therefore, the total content of Li ₂ O+Na ₂ O+K ₂ O in the present invention is limited to 0-10%, preferably 0-5%, more preferably 0-3%.

Among the alkali metal oxides Li ₂ O, Na ₂ O and K ₂ O, Li ₂ O is the most unfavorable for improving the glass crystallization performance, but its contribution to the refractive index is large. Considering the refractive index, crystallization performance and cost, The content of Li ₂ O is limited to 0-5%, more preferably 0-4%, more preferably 0-2%. The content ranges of Na ₂ O and K ₂ O are respectively limited to 0-10%, preferably 0-5%.

ZnO has the effect of lowering the transition temperature of glass, improving chemical durability and devitrification resistance, but when its content is too large, on the one hand, the Abbe number of the glass will be reduced, which cannot meet the requirements of the refractive index; Crystallization performance deteriorates. Therefore, the content of ZnO is limited to 0-8%, preferably 0-7%, more preferably 0-6%.

ZrO ₂ can improve the refractive index and chemical stability of the glass. The existence of an appropriate amount of ZrO ₂ can improve the crystallization performance of the glass and facilitate the mass production of glass. However, when the content is too high, the glass will become difficult to melt. It will increase, which will easily lead to inclusions inside the glass, and the glass transmittance will decrease. At the same time, it will increase the cost of glass manufacturing and reduce product competitiveness. Therefore, the content of _ZrO2 in the present invention is 0-12%, preferably 0.5-11%, more preferably 1-10%.

TiO ₂ has the effect of increasing the refractive index of the glass and can participate in the formation of the glass network. The introduction of an appropriate amount can make the glass more stable, but the introduction will reduce the transmittance of the short-wave part of the visible light region of the glass, and the glass will be significantly colored. Therefore, the content of TiO ₂ in the present invention is 0-10%, preferably 0-5%, more preferably 0-2%.

Nb ₂ O ₅ has the effect of increasing the refractive index and dispersion of the glass, and also has the effect of improving the chemical stability of the glass. When its content is less than 15%, the above effects cannot be achieved; when its content exceeds 40%, the devitrification resistance of the glass deteriorates. Therefore, the content of Nb ₂ O ₅ is in the range of 15-40%, preferably 18-37%.

Both TiO ₂ and Nb ₂ O ₅ belong to high-refraction and high-dispersion oxides. In comparison, TiO ₂ is more conducive to obtaining high-refraction and high-dispersion glass, but TiO ₂ will deteriorate the transmittance of the glass and increase the relative partial dispersion. After painstaking research, _the inventor found that when the content ratio of TiO ₂ and Nb _{2 O 5 is} maintained at 0-0.3, it is beneficial to obtain a high refractive _index , good transmittance and low relative partial dispersion. For glass, the TiO ₂ /Nb ₂ O ₅ range is preferably 0-0.2, and the TiO ₂ /Nb ₂ O ₅ range is more preferably 0-0.1.

WO ₃ can function to increase the refractive index, but when its content exceeds 10%, the dispersion increases significantly, and the transmittance on the short-wavelength side of the visible light region of the glass decreases. Therefore, the content of WO ₃ is 0-10%, preferably 0-5%.

The inventors have found through painstaking experiments that when a small amount of WO ₃ replaces Nb ₂ O ₅ , the transmittance of the glass increases, and when the WO ₃ increases further, the transmittance of the glass decreases instead. That is, when the ratio WO ₃ /Nb ₂ O ₅ of WO ₃ and Nb ₂ O ₅ is maintained at 0-0.2, the transmittance of the glass is good, preferably the range of WO ₃ /Nb ₂ O ₅ is 0-0.15, more preferably WO ₃ /Nb ₂ O ₅ ranges from 0 to 0.1.

BaO, SrO, CaO, and MgO belong to alkaline earth metal oxides, which belong to the network exosomes in glass. The present invention introduces an appropriate amount of BaO, SrO, CaO, and MgO to adjust the optical constants, melting properties, and devitrification resistance of the glass. Due to their different functions, their respective introduction amounts are quite different.

BaO is an important component to obtain homogeneous glass, and it is also a necessary component to obtain high refraction. In the present invention, by introducing more than 10% BaO, glass with desired optical constants and thermal stability can be obtained; but when its content exceeds 35%, the chemical stability of the glass will deteriorate, and the glass will be damaged during secondary heating. Devitrifies easily. Therefore, the BaO content is limited to 10-35%, preferably 12-33%, more preferably 15-30%.

BaO is the most important oxide outside the network in the present invention, and its content and Nb ₂ O ₅ content have a great influence on the thermal stability and devitrification resistance of the glass. The inventors found that when the total content of BaO and Nb ₂ O ₅ (BaO+Nb ₂ O ₅ ) is 40-75%, the glass has excellent devitrification resistance and thermal stability, preferably BaO+Nb ₂ O ₅ is 45%. -70%, more preferably BaO+Nb ₂ O ₅ is 50-65%.

CaO helps to improve the crystallization performance of glass and increase the mechanical strength and hardness of glass. However, when CaO is added too much, the optical data of the glass will not meet the requirements. Therefore, the CaO content is limited to 0-15%, preferably 0-10%, more preferably 0-5%.

Adding SrO to the glass can adjust the refractive index and Abbe number of the glass, but if the amount added is too large, the chemical stability of the glass will decrease, and the cost of the glass will also increase rapidly. Therefore, the SrO content is limited to 0-10%, preferably 0-5%, more preferably 0-3.5%.

Although MgO can improve the chemical stability of glass, if too much MgO is added, on the one hand, the refractive index of the glass will not meet the design requirements, on the other hand, the anti-devitrification performance of the glass will decrease, and the cost of the glass will rise rapidly. Therefore, the MgO content is limited to 0-10%, preferably 0-5%, more preferably not added.

The clarification effect of _the glass can be improved by adding a small amount of _Sb2O3 , but when the _Sb2O3 content exceeds 1%, the glass has a tendency to reduce the clarification performance, and at the same time, due to _its strong oxidation, the platinum or platinum alloy of the molten glass is promoted Corrosion of vessels and deterioration of molding dies. Therefore, in the present invention, the preferred addition amount of Sb ₂ O ₃ is 0-1%, more preferably 0-0.5%.

[Optical properties of optical glass]

The optical glass of the present invention is considered from the perspective of imparting optical properties suitable for its use. The scope of the glass refractive index (nd) is 1.82-1.88, and the preferred scope is 1.83-1.87; the Abbe number (ν _d ) of the glass of the present invention The range is 27-33, and the preferred range is 28-32.

[Upper limit of crystallization temperature of optical glass]

The crystallization performance of the glass is measured by the gradient temperature furnace method. The glass is made into a sample of 180*10*10mm, the side is polished, and it is placed in a furnace with a temperature gradient for 4 hours, then taken out, and the crystallization of the glass is observed under a microscope. , the highest temperature corresponding to the appearance of crystals in the glass is the crystallization upper limit temperature of the glass. The lower the crystallization upper limit temperature of the glass, the stronger the stability of the glass at high temperature, and the better the production process performance.

The upper limit of the crystallization temperature of the glass of the present invention is below 1250°C, preferably below 1230°C, more preferably below 1200°C.

[coloring of optical glass]

The short-wave transmission spectral properties of the glass of the present invention are represented by the degree of coloration (λ ₇₀ ). λ ₇₀ refers to the wavelength corresponding to when the glass transmittance reaches 70%, where the measurement of λ ₇₀ is to use a glass with a thickness of 10±0.1nm with two opposite planes parallel to each other and optically polished to measure from 280nm to 700nm The spectral transmittance in the wavelength domain and exhibits the wavelength at which the transmittance is 70%. The so-called spectral transmittance or transmittance is the amount represented by I _out /I _in when the light of the intensity I _in is incident vertically on the above-mentioned surface of the glass, and the light of the intensity I _out is emitted from a plane through the glass, and Transmittance for surface reflection losses on the above-mentioned surfaces of the glass is also included. The higher the refractive index of the glass, the greater the surface reflection loss. Therefore, in high refractive index glass, the small value of λ ₇₀ means that the coloring of the glass itself is very little.

The optical glass λ ₇₀ of the present invention is less than or equal to 420 nm, preferably λ ₇₀ is less than or equal to 410 nm, and can provide optical elements constituting an imaging optical system or projection optical system with excellent color balance. Based on this, the optical glass of the present invention is suitable as an optical element material constituting an imaging optical system and a projection optical system.

[Water Resistance Stability of Glass Composition]

Water resistance stability D _W (powder method) is calculated according to the test method of GB/T17129 according to the following formula: D _W = (BC)/(BA)*100

In the formula: D _W — glass leaching percentage (%)

B—the mass of filter and sample (g)

C—the mass of the filter and the sample after erosion (g)

A—filter mass (g)

Based on the calculated leaching percentage, the water resistance stability D _W of optical glass is divided into 6 categories, as shown in the table below.

category 1 2 3 4 5 6 Leaching percentage (D _W ) <0.04 0.04-0.10 0.10-0.25 0.25-0.60 0.60-1.10 >1.10

The water resistance stability (Dw) of the glass of the present invention is at least class 2, more preferably at least class 1.

Ⅱ. Glass preforms and optical components

The present invention also provides an optical glass preform and an optical element, which are formed by the above-mentioned optical glass according to a method well known to those skilled in the art, and the optical preform and optical element can be applied to digital cameras, digital video cameras, camera phones, etc. equipment.

Example

The present invention is explained using the following examples, but the present invention should not be limited to these examples.

[Optical glass example]

First, in order to obtain glass Nos. 1 to 20 having the compositions shown in Tables 1 to 2, carbonates, nitrates, sulfates, hydroxides, oxides, boric acid, etc. were used as raw materials, and optical glass components The corresponding raw materials are weighed according to the proportion of each raw material, fully mixed to become a blended raw material, the blended raw material is put into a platinum crucible, heated to 1250-1450 ° C, and clarified and stirred for 3 to 5 hours to become a uniform melting Glass, pour the molten glass into a preheated mold and keep it at 600-700° C. for 2-4 hours, then slowly cool it to obtain the optical glasses of glass Nos. 1-20.

Moreover, the characteristic of each glass was measured by the method shown below, and the measurement result is shown in Table 1 - Table 2.

(1) Refractive index (nd) and Abbe number (νd)

Refractive index and dispersion coefficient are tested according to the method specified in GB/T7962.11-2010.

(2) The upper limit of crystallization temperature of optical glass

Proceed as described above.

(3) Glass tinting degree (λ ₇₀ )

Using a glass sample having a thickness of 10±0.1 mm having two optically polished planes facing each other, the spectral transmittance was measured and calculated from the result.

(4) Water resistance and stability of glass

Measure according to the test method of GB/T 17129, and calculate according to the above formula.

Table 1

Table 2

[Optical Preform Example]

Cut the optical glass obtained in Example 1 in Table 1 into a predetermined size, and then evenly coat the surface with a release agent composed of boron nitride powder, then heat and soften it, and perform press molding to make concave glass. Prefabricated parts of various lenses and prisms such as meniscus lens, convex meniscus lens, biconvex lens, biconcave lens, plano-convex lens, plano-concave lens, etc.

[Example of optical element]

These preforms obtained in the above optical preform embodiment are annealed, and fine-tuning is performed while reducing the deformation inside the glass, so that the optical properties such as the refractive index can reach the required values.

Next, each preform is ground and polished to produce various lenses and prisms such as concave meniscus lens, convex meniscus lens, biconvex lens, biconcave lens, plano-convex lens, and plano-concave lens. An antireflection film may also be coated on the surface of the obtained optical element.

The glass of the present invention has a refractive index of 1.82-1.88 and an Abbe number of 27-33. The optical glass has good chemical stability, excellent devitrification resistance and small relative partial dispersion of the glass, and can be widely used in equipment such as digital cameras, digital video cameras, and camera phones.

Claims (11)

1. Optical glass, characterized in that its weight percent composition includes: SiO ₂ 0-10%, B ₂ O ₃ 10-30%, La ₂ O ₃ 0-20%, ZrO ₂ 0-12%, BaO 10- 35%, Nb ₂ O ₅ 15-40%. 2. The optical glass according to claim 1, characterized in that, its weight percent composition further comprises: ZnO 0-8%, Al ₂ O ₃ 0-10%, Gd ₂ O ₃ 0-10%, Y ₂ O ₃ 0-10%, _{Yb2O3 0-10} %, _Li2O 0-5%, Na2O 0-10%, K2O 0-10% _, MgO 0-10%, _CaO 0-15% , SrO 0-10%, TiO ₂ 0-10%, WO ₃ 0-10%, Sb ₂ O ₃ 0-1%. 3. The optical glass according to claim 1, characterized in that, its composition in weight percent is: SiO ₂ 0-10%, B ₂ O ₃ 10-30%, La ₂ O ₃ 0-20%, ZrO ₂ 0 -12%, BaO 10-35%, Nb ₂ O ₅ 15-40%, ZnO 0-8%, Al ₂ O ₃ 0-10%, Gd ₂ O ₃ 0-10%, Y ₂ O ₃ 0-10 %, Yb ₂ O ₃ 0-10%, Li ₂ O 0-5%, Na ₂ O 0-10%, K ₂ O 0-10%, MgO 0-10%, CaO 0-15%, SrO 0- 10%, TiO ₂ 0-10%, WO ₃ 0-10%, Sb ₂ O ₃ 0-1%. 4. The optical glass according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein, SiO ₂ 0.5-9.5%, and/or B ₂ O ₃ 11-29%, and/or Al ₂ O ₃ 0-5%, and/or La ₂ O ₃ 3-19%, and/or Gd ₂ O ₃ 0-5%, and/or Y ₂ O ₃ 0-5%, and/or Yb ₂ O ₃ 0- 5%, and/or ZnO 0-7%, and/or ZrO ₂ 0.5-11%, and/or Li ₂ O 0-4%, and/or Na ₂ O 0-5%, and/or K ₂ O 0-5%, and/or MgO 0-5%, and/or CaO 0-10%, and/or SrO 0-5%, and/or BaO 12-33%, and/or _TiO2 0-5% , and/or Nb ₂ O ₅ 18-37%, and/or WO ₃ 0-5%, and/or Sb ₂ O ₃ 0-0.5%. 5. The optical glass according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein, SiO ₂ /B ₂ O ₃ is 0-0.8, and/or Li ₂ O+Na ₂ O+K ₂ O 0-10%, and/or WO ₃ /Nb ₂ O ₅ 0-0.2, and/or BaO+Nb ₂ O ₅ 40-75%, and/or TiO ₂ /Nb ₂ O ₅ 0-0.3 . 6. The optical glass according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein, SiO ₂ 1-9%, and/or B ₂ O ₃ 12-28%, and/or La ₂ O ₃ 4-18%, and/or ZnO 0-6%, and/or ZrO ₂ 1-10%, and/or Li ₂ O 0-2%, and/or CaO 0-5%, and/or SrO 0- 3.5%, and/or BaO 15-30%, and/or TiO ₂ 0-2%. 7. The optical glass according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein, SiO ₂ /B ₂ O ₃ is 0.1-0.8, and/or Li ₂ O+Na ₂ O+K ₂ O 0-5%, and/or WO ₃ /Nb ₂ O ₅ is 0-0.15, and/or BaO+Nb ₂ O ₅ is 45-70%, and/or TiO ₂ /Nb ₂ O ₅ is 0-0.2 . 8. The optical glass according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein, SiO ₂ /B ₂ O ₃ is 0.2-0.6, and/or WO ₃ /Nb ₂ O ₅ is 0-0.1 , and/or BaO+Nb ₂ O ₅ is 50-65%, and/or TiO ₂ /Nb ₂ O ₅ is 0-0.1. 9. The optical glass according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the refractive index of the glass is 1.82-1.88, preferably 1.83-1.87; the Abbe number of the glass is 27-33, preferably 28-32 The upper limit of the crystallization temperature is below 1250°C, preferably below 1230°C, more preferably below 1200°C; the optical glass λ ₇₀ is less than or equal to 420nm, preferably λ ₇₀ is less than or equal to 410nm. 10. A glass preform formed by using the optical glass according to any one of claims 1-9. 11. An optical element formed by using the optical glass according to any one of claims 1-9.