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CN108165326A - 一种锅炉用甲醇基燃料 - Google Patents

一种锅炉用甲醇基燃料 Download PDF

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CN108165326A
CN108165326A CN201711390639.5A CN201711390639A CN108165326A CN 108165326 A CN108165326 A CN 108165326A CN 201711390639 A CN201711390639 A CN 201711390639A CN 108165326 A CN108165326 A CN 108165326A
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parts
methanol
based fuel
boiler
fuel
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黎汉生
王涵
吴芹
史大昕
矫庆泽
赵芸
冯彩虹
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Beijing Institute of Technology BIT
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种锅炉用甲醇基燃料，包括如下重量份数的原料，甲醇60‑90份、高沸点芳烃溶剂油5‑30份，生物柴油5‑20份，增效剂0‑2份、相分离抑制剂0‑2份、助燃剂0‑0.4份、清净剂0‑0.2份、增氧剂0‑0.2份、腐蚀抑制剂0‑0.2份。本发明所述的甲醇基锅炉清洁燃料具有显著的经济价值和环保价值。甲醇及其衍生品原料广泛易得，成本低廉，使用环境友好、经济性可观的甲醇基锅炉燃料，不仅减小了对环境造成的影响，也符合政府部门对清洁化供暖的要求，是传统能源向新能源转型的现实选择。

Description

一种锅炉用甲醇基燃料
技术领域
本发明属于锅炉燃料技术领域，尤其是涉及一种锅炉用甲醇基燃料。
背景技术
甲醇基燃料是一类以甲醇为主，辅以其他物质或由甲醇转化而成的一类燃料。随着我国能源形势的紧张化和大气污染问题的日益严重，政府部门出台一系列新政策要求取缔京津冀城乡结合部地区和其他远郊区县城镇地区10蒸吨以下燃煤小锅炉，这使得甲醇基燃料作为一种清洁的锅炉燃料而备受各研究机构关注。甲醇基燃料来源广泛，价格远低于天然气、汽柴油等，且燃烧时产生的污染物较燃煤锅炉低，符合环境友好型燃料的要求。
甲醇基锅炉燃料因具有燃烧清洁、技术成熟、理化性能适宜、经济效益可观等优势而得以在锅炉燃料领域有所发展，但在实际应用过程中也暴露出了一些缺陷。目前市场上的甲醇基燃料普遍存在热值低、具化学腐蚀性、成本较高等局限性，而且，甲醇基锅炉燃料相关的标准化建设严重滞后，所以当前甲醇基锅炉燃料市场存在着鱼龙混杂的现状。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本发明旨在提出一种锅炉用甲醇基燃料，该燃料具有热值高、稳定性好、制备简单、成本低等优点，且燃烧后尾气符合排放标准。
为达到上述目的，本发明的技术方案是这样实现的：
一种锅炉用甲醇基燃料，包括如下重量份数的原料，甲醇60-90份、高沸点芳烃溶剂油5-30份，生物柴油5-20份，增效剂0-2份、相分离抑制剂0-2份、助燃剂0-0.4份、清净剂0-0.2份、增氧剂0-0.2份、腐蚀抑制剂0-0.2份。
优选的，包括如下重量份数的原料，甲醇75-90份、高沸点芳烃溶剂油5-15份，生物柴油5-10份，增效剂0.2-0.7份、相分离抑制剂0.5-1.5份、助燃剂0.1-0.3、清净剂0.05-0.15份、增氧剂0.05-0.15份、腐蚀抑制剂0.05-0.15份。
优选的，所述的高沸点芳烃溶剂油为S1000或S1500。
优选的，所述的增效剂为乙二醇甲醚、甲基叔丁基醚、二甲氧基甲烷中的一种或两种以上。
优选的，所述的相分离抑制剂为十二醇、吐温、司班、十二烷基磺酸盐中的一种或两种以上。
选用十二醇作为相分离抑制剂，改善两相互溶性，防止溶液分层，延长存放时间，保证燃料的稳定性。
优选的，所述的助燃剂为二茂铁、丙酮、甲基叔丁基甲酮中的一种或两种以上。
优选的，所述的清净剂为丁二酰亚胺。
优选的，所述的增氧剂为双氧水。
优选的，所述的腐蚀抑制剂为脂肪酸铵；优选的，脂肪酸铵为硬脂酸铵。
本发明还提供一种如上所述的锅炉用甲醇基燃料在锅炉燃料中的应用。
高沸点芳烃溶剂油和生物柴油的作用是提高燃料的热值；相分离抑制剂的作用是增强了燃料的互溶性，同时提高燃料闪点；工业级甲醇作用是降低成本，提高燃料清洁性；清净剂的作用是促进催化燃烧，清洁燃烧机、喷嘴的积碳生成；腐蚀抑制剂的作用是减少燃料对锅炉内部的腐蚀，保证锅炉运行安全并延长锅炉使用寿命；增氧剂的作用是增加燃料含氧量，促进燃料充分燃烧。
相对于现有技术，本发明所述的锅炉用甲醇基燃料，具有以下优势：
本发明由于对甲醇、高沸点芳烃溶剂油、丙酮、十二醇、丁二酰亚胺等组分进行优化组合，使燃料组分含量科学、合理，大大提高了醇基燃料的热值和清洁性，改善了燃料燃烧性能及稳定性能，较好的解决了锅炉燃料燃烧不完全、腐蚀锅炉内部结构或堵塞燃料喷嘴等问题。
原料含硫量低，无颗粒物；经英格尔分析技术服务(上海)有限公司对燃料进行检测，检测结果为：硫含量0.7mg/L，燃料热值为5360KCal/kg；经实验室检测可知本发明燃料醇含量>70％，机械杂质<0.02％，密度<0.83g/m3，尾气中甲醛排放浓度为0.7123mg/m3，氮氧化物排放浓度为13.2mg/m3，林格曼黑度＜1级，排放冷凝水的COD值76.92mg/L。尾气几乎零二氧化硫排放。
本发明燃料本身符合《醇基液体燃料(GB16663-1996)》国家标准技术要求，燃烧后所排放尾气符合《锅炉大气污染物排放标准(GB13271-2014)》，燃烧后排放废水符合《污水综合排放标准(GB8978-1996)》。该燃料成本与纯甲醇价格相当，而热值为纯甲醇热值的1.15倍，相比于市场上其他的甲醇基燃料单位热值成本更低。
因而，该甲醇基锅炉清洁燃料具有显著的经济价值和环保价值。甲醇及其衍生品原料广泛易得，成本低廉，使用环境友好、经济性可观的甲醇基锅炉燃料，不仅减小了对环境造成的影响，也符合政府部门对清洁化供暖的要求，是传统能源向新能源转型的现实选择。
具体实施方式
除有定义外，以下实施例中所用的技术术语具有与本发明所属领域技术人员普遍理解的相同含义。以下实施例中所用的试验试剂，如无特殊说明，均为常规生化试剂；所述实验方法，如无特殊说明，均为常规方法。
下面结合实施例来详细说明本发明。
本发明所述的锅炉用甲醇基燃料的制备方法为：甲醇、高沸点芳烃溶剂油，增效剂、相分离抑制剂、助燃剂、清净剂、增氧剂、腐蚀抑制剂。按所述比例加入到调和罐中搅拌，混合均匀即制得。
实施例1
一种锅炉用甲醇基燃料，由如下重量份的原料组成：甲醇80份，S-1000号高沸点芳烃溶剂油10份，生物柴油8份，十二醇1份，乙二醇甲醚0.5，二茂铁0.2份，丁二酰亚胺0.1份，双氧水0.1份，硬脂酸铵0.1份。
实施例2
一种锅炉用甲醇基燃料，由如下重量份的原料组成：甲醇80份，S-1500号高沸点芳烃溶剂油10份，生物柴油8份，十二醇1份，乙二醇甲醚0.5份，二茂铁0.2份，丁二酰亚胺0.1份，双氧水0.1份，硬脂酸铵0.1份。
实施例3
一种锅炉用甲醇基燃料，由如下重量份的原料组成：甲醇88份，生物柴油5份，S-1500号高沸点芳烃溶剂油5份，十二醇1份，乙二醇甲醚0.5份，丙酮0.2份，丁二酰亚胺0.1份，双氧水0.1份，硬脂酸铵0.1份。
实施例4
一种锅炉用甲醇基燃料，由如下重量份的原料组成：甲醇88份，生物柴油5份，S-1500号高沸点芳烃溶剂油5份，十二醇1份，二甲氧基甲烷0.5份，二茂铁0.2份，丁二酰亚胺0.1份，双氧水0.1份，硬脂酸铵0.1份。
实施例5
一种锅炉用甲醇基燃料，由如下重量份的原料组成：甲醇85份，生物柴油9份，S-1500号高沸点芳烃溶剂油5份，十二醇1份。
对实施例1～5所述的甲醇基燃料，进行检测，结果如下：
从上表格可以看出，本发明的各性能指标均为合格。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

1.一种锅炉用甲醇基燃料，其特征在于：包括如下重量份数的原料，甲醇60-90份、高沸点芳烃溶剂油5-30份，生物柴油5-20份，增效剂0-2份、相分离抑制剂0-2份、助燃剂0-0.4份、清净剂0-0.2份、增氧剂0-0.2份、腐蚀抑制剂0-0.2份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的锅炉用甲醇基燃料，其特征在于：包括如下重量份数的原料，甲醇75-90份、高沸点芳烃溶剂油5-15份，生物柴油5-10份，增效剂0.2-0.7份、相分离抑制剂0.5-1.5份、助燃剂0.1-0.3、清净剂0.05-0.15份、增氧剂0.05-0.15份、腐蚀抑制剂0.05-0.15份。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的锅炉用甲醇基燃料，其特征在于：所述的高沸点芳烃溶剂油为S1000或S1500。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的锅炉用甲醇基燃料，其特征在于：所述的增效剂为乙二醇甲醚、甲基叔丁基醚、二甲氧基甲烷中的一种或两种以上。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的锅炉用甲醇基燃料，其特征在于：所述的相分离抑制剂为十二醇、吐温、司班、十二烷基磺酸盐中的一种或两种以上。
6.根据权利要求1或2所述的锅炉用甲醇基燃料，其特征在于：所述的助燃剂为二茂铁、丙酮、甲基叔丁基甲酮中的一种或两种以上。
7.根据权利要求1或2所述的锅炉用甲醇基燃料，其特征在于：所述的清净剂为丁二酰亚胺。
8.根据权利要求1或2所述的锅炉用甲醇基燃料，其特征在于：所述的增氧剂为双氧水。
9.根据权利要求1或2所述的锅炉用甲醇基燃料，其特征在于：所述的腐蚀抑制剂为脂肪酸铵；优选的，脂肪酸铵为硬脂酸铵。
10.如权利要求1～9任一项所述的锅炉用甲醇基燃料在锅炉燃料中的应用。
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