CN107406453A - 一种btk激酶抑制剂的结晶形式及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种btk激酶抑制剂的结晶形式及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- C07D487/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00
- C07D487/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
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- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
- A61K31/50—Pyridazines; Hydrogenated pyridazines
- A61K31/5025—Pyridazines; Hydrogenated pyridazines ortho- or peri-condensed with heterocyclic ring systems
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61P37/00—Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders
- A61P37/02—Immunomodulators
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07B—GENERAL METHODS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C07B2200/00—Indexing scheme relating to specific properties of organic compounds
- C07B2200/13—Crystalline forms, e.g. polymorphs
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种BTK激酶抑制剂的结晶形式及其制备方法。具体地,本发明涉及(R)‑1‑(3‑(4‑氨基‑3‑(4‑(2,6‑二氟苯氧基)苯基)‑7‑羟基‑1H‑吡咯并[2,3‑d]哒嗪‑1‑基)吡咯烷‑1‑基)丁基‑2‑炔‑1‑酮(式(I)化合物)的I型结晶及其制备方法。本发明所得到式(I)化合物的I型结晶具备良好的晶型稳定性和化学稳定性,并且所用结晶溶剂低毒低残留,可更好地用于临床治疗。
Description
本发明涉及一种BTK激酶抑制剂的结晶形式及其制备方法,具体地涉及(R)-1-(3-(4-氨基-3-(4-(2,6-二氟苯氧基)苯基)-7-羟基-1H-吡咯并[2,3-d]哒嗪-1-基)吡咯烷-1-基)丁基-2-炔-1-酮的结晶形式及制备方法。根据本发明的方法制备获得的式(I)化合物可用于B细胞恶性肿瘤和自身免疫疾病的治疗。
免疫细胞通常可以分为T细胞与B细胞两类,其中B细胞的主要职能是分泌各种抗体帮助人体抵御各种外来的侵入。Bruton酪氨酸蛋白激酶(BTK)是酪氨酸蛋白激酶亚家族的成员之一,属于Tec家族激酶,主要在B细胞中表达,分布于淋巴系统、造血及血液系统。B细胞受体(BCR)对于包括慢性淋巴细胞性白血病(CLL)和非霍奇金淋巴瘤的(NHL)亚型,套细胞淋巴瘤(MCL),和弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤(DLBCL)在内的多种淋巴瘤的增殖及生存具有至关重要的调控作用,此外,B细胞在类风湿关节炎,系统性红斑狼疮,多发性硬化症,以及其他免疫疾病的发病机制中的作用已被临床证实。Bruton酪氨酸蛋白激酶(BTK)是BCR信号通路中的一个关键的蛋白激酶。能够调节正常B细胞的成熟、分化,也与多种B细胞淋巴组织失调疾病密切相关。因此,靶向小分子抑制剂BTK可对B细胞恶性肿瘤和自身免疫疾病的治疗提供效益。
依鲁替尼(Ibrutinib)是由Pharmacyclics和Janssen共同开发的第一代小分子BTK抑制剂,2013年11月被FDA首次批准用于治疗套细胞淋巴瘤(MCL),随后2014年2月又被批准用于治疗慢性淋巴细胞白血病(CLL)。Ibrutinib可以通过它的迈克尔受体与BTK激酶上ATP结合区域的481号半胱氨酸不可逆地结合,进而抑制BTK对下游信号的传递,有效地控制肿瘤细胞的生长。
PCT/US14/61393涉及一种式(I)化合物,即(R)-1-(3-(4-氨基-3-(4-(2,6-二氟苯氧基)苯基)-7-羟基-1H-吡咯并[2,3-d]哒嗪-1-
基)吡咯烷-1-基)丁基-2-炔-1-酮,该化合物为新型BTK激酶抑制剂,在激酶选择性,临床疗效或适应症,及安全性等方面均有所改善。但该专利中未对该化合物的结晶形式进行任何研究。
药用的活性成分的晶型结构往往影响到该药物的化学稳定性,结晶条件及储存条件的不同有可能导致化合物的晶型结构的变化,有时还会伴随着产生其他形态的晶型。一般来说,无定型的药物产品没有规则的晶型结构,往往具有其它缺陷,比如产物稳定性较差,析晶较细,过滤较难,易结块,流动性差等。因此,改善上述产物的各方面性质是很有必要的,我们需要深入研究找到晶型纯度较高并且具备良好化学稳定的新晶型。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种(R)-1-(3-(4-氨基-3-(4-(2,6-二氟苯氧基)苯基)-7-羟基-1H-吡咯并[2,3-d]哒嗪-1-基)吡咯烷-1-基)丁基-2-炔-1-酮的I型结晶以及制备该晶型的方法。
我们考察了式(I)化合物在不同结晶条件下得到的一系列结晶产物,对所得结晶产物进行了X-衍射及DSC检测,发现在本发明的结晶条件下,可以得到一种稳定性良好的晶型,我们称其为I型结晶。本申请中的I型结晶的DSC图谱显示在236.23℃附近有熔融吸热峰,使用Cu-Ka辐射,得到以2θ角度和晶面间距表示的X-射线粉末衍射图谱,其中在以下2θ±0.2处有特征峰:9.91、12.20、17.24、17.64、21.48。
进一步的,所述I型结晶在以下2θ±0.2处有特征峰:7.86、9.91、
12.20、13.73、17.24、17.64、19.02、19.93、20.72、21.48、22.64、24.81、27.44、27.87。
进一步的,所述I型结晶的X-射线粉末衍射图谱如图3所示,其中2θ±0.2在5.11(17.30),7.86(11.24),9.91(8.92),12.20(7.25),13.73(6.45),15.44(5.73),17.24(5.14),17.64(5.02),19.02(4.66),19.93(4.45),20.72(4.28),21.48(4.13),22.64(3.92),23.12(3.84),24.81(3.59),25.43(3.50),26.24(3.39),27.44(3.25),27.87(3.20)和29.03(3.07)有特征峰。
本发明还提供了式(I)化合物的I型结晶的制备方法。具体的,包括以下步骤:
(1)将任意晶型或无定型的(R)-1-(3-(4-氨基-3-(4-(2,6-二氟苯氧基)苯基)-7-羟基-1H-吡咯并[2,3-d]哒嗪-1-基)吡咯烷-1-基)丁基-2-炔-1-酮固体加热溶解于适量的有机溶剂中,冷却析晶;
(2)过滤、洗涤、干燥。
步骤(1)中,所述溶剂选自碳原子数小于等于4的醇类、酮类、腈类、醚类、酯类的任意一种或几种;或它们中的一种或几种与水的混合溶剂。优选为甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇、丙酮、乙酸乙酯、乙腈、四氢呋喃;或乙醇/水、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺/水、1,4-二氧六环/水。析晶时可以用单一溶剂,也可以用以上有机溶剂的混合溶剂。
进一步地,最优选的单一溶剂为乙醇。
重结晶的方法没有特别限定,可以用通常的重结晶操作方法进行。例如,可以用原料式(I)化合物在有机溶剂加热溶解后慢慢冷却搅拌析晶,结晶完成后,经过滤干燥,即可得到所需要的结晶。需特别说明的是,所滤取的结晶体通常在减压下,在30~100℃左右,优选40~60℃的加热条件下进行真空干燥,就能达到去除重结晶溶剂的效果。
通过差示扫描热分析(DSC)、X-衍射图谱测定,对得到的结晶体进行了晶型研究,同时对所得结晶的溶剂残留进行了检测。
按照本发明的方法制备的式(I)化合物结晶不含有或仅含有较低含量的残留溶剂,符合国家药典规定的有关医药产品残留溶剂的限量要求,因而本发明的结晶可以较好地作为医药活性成分使用。
经研究表明,本发明制备的式(I)化合物的I型结晶在光照、高
温、高湿的条件下稳定性显著好于无定型样品,且在研磨、压力和受热等条件下,晶型稳定性良好,能够满足生产运输储存的药用要求,生产工艺稳定可重复可控,能够适应于工业化生产。
图1式(I)化合物的无定型固体的X-射线粉末衍射图谱。
图2式(I)化合物的无定型固体的DSC谱图。
图3式(I)化合物的I型结晶的X-射线粉末衍射图谱。
图4式(I)化合物的I型结晶的DSC谱图。
以下将结合实施例更详细地解释本发明,本发明的实施例仅用于说明本发明的技术方案,并非限定本发明的实质和范围。
实验所用的测试仪器
1、DSC谱
仪器型号:Mettler Toledo DSC 1 Staree System
吹扫气:氮气
升温速率:10.0℃/min
温度范围:40-350℃
2、X-射线衍射谱
仪器型号:Bruker D8 Focus X-射线粉末衍射仪
射线:单色Cu-Kα射线(λ=1.5406)
扫描方式:θ/2θ,扫描范围:2-40°
电压:40KV,电流:40mA
实施例1、(R)-1-(3-(4-氨基-3-(4-(2,6-二氟苯氧基)苯基)-7-羟基-1H-吡咯并[2,3-d]哒嗪-1-基)吡咯烷-1-基)丁基-2-炔-1-酮的制备方法,包含以下三个部分:
第一部分:化合物1b的制备
将乙酸钠的乙醇溶液(160ml,质量分数为21%,0.49mmol)加入110ml的乙醇中,在冰浴条件下,加入(64ml,0.47mol)草酸二乙酯。混合物搅拌30分钟。然后将(16g,0.15mmol)(E)-己-3-烯腈1a的(30ml)乙醇溶液加入到混合物中,在室温条件下搅拌过夜。在冰浴中冷却后,过滤悬浮液。固体用少量的乙醇洗涤,然后溶于380ml水中。将溶液用盐酸酸化至pH为4,析出大量的固体,过滤,用水洗涤,干燥,得到11.9g黄色固体1b。
第二部分:化合物2的制备
步骤A
将(3.0g,21.3mmol)2,6-二氟苯酚,(3.04g,23.4mmol)1-氟-4-硝基苯和(4.4g,32mmol)碳酸钾加入到50ml乙腈中,回流16小时。冷却至室温后,除去溶剂。加入水,该混合物用乙酸乙酯萃取三次。将有机萃取物用水、盐水洗涤,硫酸镁干燥,过滤,浓缩,得到4.9g油状物2a。
步骤B
将(4.9g,19.5mmol)1,3-二氟-2-(4-硝基苯氧基)苯2a,5ml饱和氯化铵溶液和(5.5g,97.5mmol)铁粉加入到40ml甲醇中,回流3小时。将混合物过滤,在滤液中加入水,用乙酸乙酯萃取三次。将有机萃取物用水、盐水洗涤,硫酸镁干燥,过滤,浓缩,得到4.1g浅黄色油状物2b。
MS(ESI):m/z=222.1[M+H]+。
步骤C
0℃下,将(4.1g,18.5mmol)4-(2,6-二氟苯基)苯胺2b加入到2M的(50ml)硫酸溶液中,再加入(6.4g,92.7mmol)亚硝酸钠的(20ml)水溶液。搅拌40分钟,然后加入(5.3g,37mmol)溴化铜。将所得混合物回流16小时,冷却至室温后,用乙酸乙酯萃取三次。将有机萃取物用水、盐水洗涤,硫酸镁干燥,过滤,浓缩,得到1.6g无色油状物的2c。
步骤D
(1.6g,3.6mmol)2-(4-溴苯基)-1,3-二氟苯2c,(1.71g,6.7mmol)双(频那醇)二硼烷,(830mg,8.4mmol)KOAc和(126mg,0.18mmol)Pd(PPh3)2Cl2加入到40ml的1,4-二氧六环中,在氮气保护、80℃条件下搅拌16小时。冷却至室温后,除去溶剂。将残余物通过硅胶色谱纯化,得到1.6g无色油状物2。
第三部分:(R)-1-(3-(4-氨基-3-(4-(2,6-二氟苯氧基)苯基)-7-羟基-1H-吡咯并[2,3-d]哒嗪-1-基)吡咯烷-1-基)丁基-2-炔-1-酮的制备
步骤A
将1.5g 1b加入到84ml乙酸乙酯中,溶液加热到60℃,然后滴加1.41g(R)-1-叔丁氧羰基-3-氨基吡咯烷的(21ml)乙酸乙酯溶液。将混合物回流4小时。冷却至室温后,除去溶剂。残余物通过硅胶色谱纯化,得到0.686g 3a。
步骤B
在0℃条件下,将0.686g 3a加入到120ml二氯甲烷中,缓慢滴加(3.7g)Br2的(5ml)二氯甲烷溶液。将混合物搅拌1.5小时,然后用10%硫代硫酸钠溶液和饱和碳酸氢钠溶液淬灭。将两相分离,水相用二氯甲烷萃取。将合并的有机萃取物用过量的Boc2O处理,经硫酸钠干燥,过滤并浓缩。将残余物通过硅胶色谱纯化,得到0.342g 3b。
步骤C
在氮气保护下,将(198mg,0.48mmol)3b,(160mg,0.48mmol)
2和(188mg,0.72mmol)K3PO4·3H2O加入到(10ml/1ml)1,4-二氧六环/水中。接下来加入(22mg,0.024mmol)Pd2(dba)3和(14mg,0.048mmol)P(Cy)3。将得到的混合物在氮气环境中回流16小时。冷却至室温后,过滤,将滤液浓缩。残余物通过硅胶色谱纯化,得到59mg白色固体状3c。
MS(ESI):m/z=538[M+H]+。
步骤D
将(72mg,0.13mmol)3c和1ml N2H4·H2O加入到5ml乙醇中,混合物回流16小时。冷却至室温后,除去溶剂。残余物通过硅胶色谱纯化,得到24mg白色固体3d。
MS(ESI):m/z=524[M+H]+。
步骤E
将(40mg,0.08mmol)3d加入到5ml二氯甲烷中,再加入1ml三氟乙酸。将混合物在室温下搅拌3小时并浓缩,得到49mg油状物3e。在49mg 3e的(5ml)二氯甲烷溶液中,加入(13mg,0.16mmol)丁基-2-炔酸,(31mg,0.16mmol)碳化二亚胺和(17mg,0.16mmol)三氟乙酸酐。将得到的混合物在室温下搅拌18小时并浓缩。将残余物通过硅胶色谱纯化,得到20mg标题化合物3,为白色固体。该固体样品的X-射线衍射谱图见图1,显示无晶型特征吸收峰,DSC谱图见图2,在350℃以下未见熔融吸热峰,据此确定产物为无定型固体。
MS(ESI):m/z=490[M+H]+。
实施例2
取(1.0g,2.04mmol)式(I)化合物(按实施例1制备)加入到50ml单口瓶中,加入15ml无水乙醇,加热回流溶清,冷却,有大量固体析出,抽滤,干燥得固体805mg,收率为80.5%。该结晶样品的X-射线衍射谱图见图3。该结晶在约5.11(17.30),7.86(11.24),9.91(8.92),12.20(7.25),13.73(6.45),15.44(5.73),17.24(5.14),17.64(5.02),19.02(4.66),19.93(4.45),20.72(4.28),21.48(4.13),22.64(3.92),23.12(3.84),24.81(3.59),25.43(3.50),26.24(3.39),27.44(3.25),27.87(3.20)和29.03(3.07)处有特征峰。DSC谱图见图4,有尖锐熔融吸热峰236.23℃,将此晶型定义为I晶型。
实施例3
取(1.0g,2.04mmol)式(I)化合物(按实施例1制备)加入到50ml单口瓶中,加入15ml无水甲醇,加热回流溶清,冷却,有大量固体析出,抽滤,干燥得固体765mg,收率为76.5%。该结晶样品的X-射线衍射图谱和DSC图谱经研究对比,确定产物为I晶型。
实施例4
取(1.0g,2.04mmol)式(I)化合物(按实施例1制备)加入到50ml单口瓶中,加入15ml异丙醇,加热回流溶清,冷却,有大量固体析出,抽滤,干燥得固体745mg,收率为74.5%。该结晶样品的X-射线衍射图谱和DSC图谱经研究对比,确定产物为I晶型。
实施例5
取(1.0g,2.04mmol)式(I)化合物(按实施例1制备)加入到50ml单口瓶中,加入10ml乙酸乙酯,加热回流溶清,冷却,有大量固体析出,抽滤,干燥得固体690mg,收率为69.0%。该结晶样品的X-射线衍射图谱和DSC图谱经研究对比,确定产物为I晶型。
实施例6
取(1.0g,2.04mmol)式(I)化合物(按实施例1制备)加入到50ml单口瓶中,加入10ml丙酮,加热回流溶清,冷却,有大量固体析出,抽滤,干燥得固体660mg,收率为66.0%。该结晶样品的X-射线衍射图谱和DSC图谱经研究对比,确定产物为I晶型。
实施例7
取(1.0g,2.04mmol)式(I)化合物(按实施例1制备)加入到50ml单口瓶中,加入10ml乙腈,加热回流溶清,冷却,有大量固体析出,抽滤,干燥得固体810mg,收率为81.0%。该结晶样品的X-射线衍射图谱和DSC图谱经研究对比,确定产物为I晶型。
实施例8
取(1.0g,2.04mmol)式(I)化合物(按实施例1制备)加入到25ml单口瓶中,加入3ml四氢呋喃,加热回流溶清,冷却,有大量固体析出,抽滤,干燥得固体587mg,收率为58.7%。该结晶样品的X-射线衍射图谱和DSC图谱经研究对比,确定产物为I晶型。
实施例9
取(1.0g,2.04mmol)式(I)化合物(按实施例1制备)加入到25ml单口瓶中,加入7ml乙醇/水(V:V=1:1),加热回流溶清,冷却,有大量固体析出,抽滤,干燥得固体657mg,收率为65.7%。该结晶样品的X-射线衍射图谱和DSC图谱经研究对比,确定产物为I晶型。
实施例10
取(1.0g,2.04mmol)式(I)化合物(按实施例1制备)加入到25ml单口瓶中,加入7ml N,N-二甲基甲酰胺/水(V:V=1:1),加热回流溶清,冷却,有大量固体析出,抽滤,干燥得固体600mg,收率为60.0%。该结晶样品的X-射线衍射图谱和DSC图谱经研究对比,确定产物为I晶型。
实施例11
取(1.0g,2.04mmol)式(I)化合物(按实施例1制备)加入到25ml单口瓶中,加入10ml 1,4-二氧六环/水(V:V=1:2),加热回流溶清,冷却,有大量固体析出,抽滤,干燥得固体793mg,收率为79.3%。该结晶样品的X-射线衍射图谱和DSC图谱经研究对比,确定产物为I晶型。
实施例12
将实施例1所得的无定型和实施例2制得的I型结晶的样品分别敞口平摊放置,考察在光照(4500Lux),加热(40℃,60℃),高湿(RH75%,RH90%)条件下样品的稳定性。考察取样时间为5天和10天,HPLC检测纯度见表1。
表1、式(I)化合物I型结晶和无定型样品的稳定性比较
稳定性考察结果表明,I型结晶和无定型样品在敞口放置的条件下,经光照、高温和高湿条件下的稳定性比较发现,在光照、高温和高湿的
条件下,I型结晶的稳定性显著好于无定型样品。
实施例13
将按实施例2方法制得式(I)化合物的I型结晶进行研磨、加热及压片处理,研究结果表明晶型稳定,详细的实验数据参见下表2。
表2、式(I)化合物I晶型特殊稳定性研究
Claims (9)
- 一种(R)-1-(3-(4-氨基-3-(4-(2,6-二氟苯氧基)苯基)-7-羟基-1H-吡咯并[2,3-d]哒嗪-1-基)吡咯烷-1-基)丁基-2-炔-1-酮的I晶型,其特征在于使用Cu-Ka辐射,得到以2θ角度和晶面间距表示的X-射线粉末衍射图谱,所述晶型在以下2θ±0.2处有特征峰:9.91、12.20、17.24、17.64、21.48。
- 根据权利要求1所述的I晶型,所述晶型在以下2θ±0.2处有特征峰:7.86、9.91、12.20、13.73、17.24、17.64、19.02、19.93、20.72、21.48、22.64、24.81、27.44、27.87。
- 根据权利要求1所述的I晶型,所述晶型具有如图3所示的X-射线粉末衍射图谱,其中在2θ±0.2为约5.11、7.86、9.91、12.20、13.73、15.44、17.24、17.64、19.02、19.93、20.72、21.48、22.64、23.12、24.81、25.43、26.24、27.44、27.87和29.03处有特征峰。
- 一种制备如权利要求1至3任一项所述的(R)-1-(3-(4-氨基-3-(4-(2,6-二氟苯氧基)苯基)-7-羟基-1H-吡咯并[2,3-d]哒嗪-1-基)吡咯烷-1-基)丁基-2-炔-1-酮的I晶型的方法,所述方法包括下述步骤:1)将任意晶型或无定型的(R)-1-(3-(4-氨基-3-(4-(2,6-二氟苯氧基)苯基)-7-羟基-1H-吡咯并[2,3-d]哒嗪-1-基)吡咯烷-1-基)丁基-2-炔-1-酮固体加热溶解于适量的有机溶剂中,冷却、析晶,所述溶剂选自碳原子数小于等于4的醇类、酮类、腈类、醚类、酯类的任意一种或几种;或它们中的一种或几种与水的混合溶剂;2)过滤结晶并洗涤,干燥。
- 根据权利要求4所述的方法,其特征在于在步骤1)中所述的溶剂为甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇、丙酮、乙酸乙酯、乙腈、四氢呋喃;或乙醇/水、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺/水、1,4-二氧六环/水。
- 根据权利要求5所述的方法,其中所述优选的单一溶剂为乙醇。
- 一种药物组合物,其含有如权利要求1至3任一项所述的(R)-1-(3-(4-氨基-3-(4-(2,6-二氟苯氧基)苯基)-7-羟基-1H-吡咯并[2,3-d]哒嗪-1-基)吡咯烷-1-基)丁基-2-炔-1-酮的I晶型以及药学上可接受的载体。
- 根据权利要求1至3任一项所述的I晶型或根据权利要求7所述的药物组合物在制备治疗与BTK激酶有关的疾病的药物中的用途。
- 根据权利要求1至3任一项所述的I晶型或根据权利要求7所述的药物组合物在制备B细胞恶性肿瘤和自身免疫疾病药物中的用途。
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BR112023002031A2 (pt) | 2020-08-14 | 2023-03-07 | Novartis Ag | Derivados de espiropiperidinila substituídos por heteroarila e usos farmacêuticos dos mesmos |
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WO2022261138A1 (en) | 2021-06-08 | 2022-12-15 | Tg Therapeutics, Inc. | Disrupted ikaros signaling as biomarker for btk inhibition |
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