CN107091760A - A kind of indoor soil tank experiment runoff and sediment continuous sampling measurement preserves system and method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a system and method for continuous sampling, measurement and preservation of runoff sediment in an indoor soil tank test, comprising: a sampling subsystem, a measurement subsystem, a sample storage subsystem, a control subsystem, a power supply subsystem, and a cleaning subsystem; the sampling subsystem It includes: a plurality of sampling barrels surrounding the ring-shaped sampling crawler that rotates intermittently according to the water intake condition, and the sampling barrel is connected with the ring-shaped sampling crawler through an automatic unlocking mechanism. The invention uses the sampling bucket driven by the annular sampling track to continuously sample the runoff generated in the soil tank, record the sampling times, and at the same time accurately measure each sample through the measurement subsystem, so as to realize completely unmanned automatic sampling and sampling. Automatic measurement, through the accurate measurement of the sampling times and the accurate weighing of the water and sediment in each sampling bucket, the fully automatic and accurate measurement of the runoff in the soil tank is realized.

Description

An indoor soil tank test runoff sediment continuous sampling measurement and storage system and method

technical field

The invention relates to a system and method for continuous sampling, measurement and preservation of runoff sediment in an indoor soil tank test, which is a system and method for hydrological experiments, and a system and method for automatic measurement of water and sediment on soil slopes.

Background technique

The observation experiment of water and soil loss process is an important experimental method to obtain parameters in the research and design of water and soil conservation research, water and soil loss control, and production and construction project water and soil loss prevention and control. In the experiment, an inclined soil tank is usually set in the artificial rainfall area, and the soil tank is filled with soil, which comes from the research area, and a water outlet is set in the middle part of the downstream of the soil tank. Its runoff and sediment process monitoring mainly adopts the principle of equal flow diversion to monitor based on the rainfall process. That is, sampling barrels are arranged at the water outlet of the soil tank, and water samples are taken at a certain interval manually and the sampling time is recorded to calculate the water volume and runoff sediment process. This traditional sampling method adopts manual sampling, which requires a lot of labor and repeated actions, and there will be large errors in experimental operations and timing. However, in practice, manual changing of buckets often cannot accurately grasp the accuracy of water collection. . Although it is possible to use multiple soil tanks for simultaneous experiments, multiple water samples are taken at the same time, and then averaged to reduce the error of the experiment, but this will increase the cost of the experiment. How to improve the accuracy of the experiment, liberate the researchers from the complicated sampling work, and improve work efficiency is a problem that needs to be solved.

Contents of the invention

In order to overcome the problems of the prior art, the present invention proposes a system and method for continuous sampling, measurement and preservation of runoff sediment in an indoor soil tank test. The system and method realize sampling and measurement without human intervention through automatic sampling and measurement, improve measurement accuracy and save manpower.

The object of the present invention is achieved in this way: a system for continuous sampling, measurement and preservation of runoff sediment in an indoor soil tank test, comprising: a sampling subsystem, a measurement subsystem, a sample storage subsystem, a control subsystem, and a cleaning subsystem; The sampling sub-system includes: a plurality of sampling buckets surrounding the circular sampling crawler that rotates intermittently according to the water intake conditions, and the sampling bucket is connected with the circular sampling crawler through an automatic unlocking mechanism; the sampling sub-system is also equipped with soil The sampling port connected to the outlet pipe of the slot diameter, the sampling port is aligned with the upper mouth of a sampling barrel and is provided with a preliminary water level gauge, the preliminary water level gauge is electrically connected with the control subsystem, and the control sub-system The system is connected with a motor that drives the ring-shaped sampling crawler, and the control subsystem is provided with a timer for calculating the sampling time of the sampling barrel and a counter for the number of times of rainfall sampling; the described sample storage subsystem is provided with a snake The sample storage area of the serpentine track, the starting point of the serpentine track is set on the stop position of a sampling barrel, and the starting point of the serpentine track is provided with an annular storage track.

Further, the upper part of the sampling barrel is rounded, the lower part is cylindrical, the bottom is provided with a valve, and the cylindrical part is provided with at least two snap rings.

Further, the round table part of the sampling bucket is provided with a concave arc-shaped fastening groove matching with the track.

Further, the measurement subsystem includes: an endless sampling crawler falling mechanism and a track arranged on one side of the endless sampling crawler, and the track is provided with a water level meter for re-measurement, an ultrasonic vibrator and a load cell. A two-dimensional code is arranged on the sampling barrel, and a two-dimensional code reader is arranged in the control subsystem.

Further, the cleaning subsystem includes: an openable and closable vibrating ring and an automatic flusher arranged at a stop position of the sampling bucket.

Further, the automatic cleaner includes: a flushing pump pipe connected to the water supply pipeline, and the flushing pump is connected to an automatically retractable spray head.

A method for continuous sampling and preservation of runoff sediment in an indoor soil tank test using the above-mentioned system, the steps of the method are as follows:

Steps for starting the automatic control subsystem: when artificial rainfall is turned on, the automatic control subsystem is turned on at the same time;

Sampling steps: when the soil tank generates runoff, the runoff flows into the first sampling bucket through the sampling port, the water level gauge measures the water level in the sampling bucket at a frequency of at least 50 times per second, and the control subsystem starts to record the runoff time at the water outlet Timing, when the water level in the sampling bucket reaches the set value, the control subsystem stops timing and drives the circular sampling crawler to rotate, so that the next sampling bucket enters the bottom of the sampling port and enters the next round of sampling. Record the sampling frequency of the sampling bucket and the runoff time of the water outlet as the basis for measuring runoff and sediment concentration;

Steps of accurate measurement: after the sampling bucket takes water, perform precise measurement at the next stop position: firstly, the two-dimensional code reader of the control subsystem reads the two-dimensional code with the weight of the sampling bucket on the sampling bucket, and at the same time, the ring sampling track as a whole Descend to make the sampling bucket fall on the track, and the ultrasonic vibrator on the track will ultrasonically vibrate the sampled water to remove the air in the water and crush the large pieces of soil that may exist in the water sample. After the vibration, retest the water level gauge to determine the sampling The water depth in the barrel; the weighing sensor weighs the sampling barrel, and the accurate sampling weight is obtained after removing the weight of the sampling barrel;

Steps for selecting and storing water samples: For the accurately measured sampling buckets, according to the observation requirements, according to the set interval or random sampling, the sampling buckets are sent to the memory for storage;

Cleaning steps: The sampling barrels that are not selected for storage enter the cleaning area along the circular sampling track, open the valve at the bottom of the sampling barrel, release the water and sediment in the sampling barrel, open and close the vibrating ring to clamp the sampling barrel and vibrate, and turn on the flushing pump , the nozzle stretches out to clean the sampling barrel. After cleaning, the sampling barrel continues to move forward with the circular sampling track to prepare for the next sampling;

Steps at the end of the experiment: After the artificial rainfall is turned off, the control subsystem receives a signal to stop the rainfall, and the control subsystem stops running in due time according to the runoff conditions and enters the standby mode. If the experiment continues, it will enter the working state again, and if the experiment is stopped, it will enter the shutdown state .

The beneficial effects produced by the present invention are: the present invention sets the sampling barrel for recycling, and the sampling barrel continuously samples the runoff generated in the soil tank through the annular sampling crawler, and records the sampling times, and at the same time, through the measurement subsystem, each sampling Carry out accurate measurement to realize completely unmanned automatic sampling and automatic measurement. Through accurate measurement of sampling times and accurate weighing of water and sediment in each sampling bucket, the process of runoff sediment in the soil tank can be realized. Fully automated sampling and precise metering.

Description of drawings

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and embodiments.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the system described in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the sampling subsystem described in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the serpentine track described in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the sampling bucket described in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a sampling barrel with a concave arc described in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the cleaning subsystem described in Embodiment 5 of the present invention.

detailed description

Embodiment one:

This embodiment is an indoor soil tank test runoff sediment continuous sampling measurement and storage system, as shown in Figure 1 . This embodiment includes: a sampling subsystem 1, a measurement subsystem 2, a sample storage subsystem 3, a control subsystem 4, and a cleaning subsystem 5, see FIG. 1 . The sampling sub-system includes: a plurality of sampling buckets surrounding the annular sampling crawler that rotates intermittently according to the water intake conditions, and the sampling bucket is connected with the annular sampling crawler through an automatic unlocking mechanism; the sampling sub-system is also set There is a sampling port 101 connected to the outlet pipe of the runoff of the soil tank, the sampling port is aligned with the upper mouth of a sampling barrel 102 and is provided with a preliminary water level gauge 103, and the preliminary water level gauge is electrically connected to the control subsystem , the control subsystem is connected with the motor that drives the annular sampling crawler 104 (as shown in Figure 2, only one sampling bucket is shown in Figure 2 due to the limitation of drawing, in reality there should be multiple sampling buckets around the Around the circular sampling track), the control subsystem is provided with a timer for the sampling time of the sampling barrel and a counter for the number of rain sampling times; the described sample storage subsystem is provided with a serpentine track 301 (as shown 3) in the sample storage area 302, the starting point of the serpentine track is set at the stop position of a sampling bucket, and the starting point of the serpentine track is provided with a storage ring-shaped sampling track 303.

The soil trough described in this embodiment is an inclined trough, in which the soil for experiments is filled to form a soil experiment area with a slope. The upper end of the inclined trough is provided with a mechanism for generating water flow, so that the water flow flows down from the top of the slope to form a simulated erosion of the slope soil by the water flow. It is also possible not to set up a mechanism for generating water flow, but to use artificial rainfall to generate runoff and simulate the effect of rainwater on the soil slope. The lower end of the tank is equipped with a structure to receive runoff, and all the rainwater on the slope must be collected together and exported through pipes. In this embodiment, the collected rainwater, including the runoff generated on the slope and the rainwater directly falling, is measured together to obtain the data of the runoff on the slope.

The sampling sub-system described in this embodiment is a set of mechanisms for receiving water and measuring runoff. The main body of this set of mechanisms is an annular sampling crawler belt with a plurality of sampling buckets. One, so that the water flowing out of the sampling port can be completely collected, and try not to spill out of the sampling bucket.

The ring-shaped sampling track is rotated by the stepping motor, which can produce intermittent movement. When one sampling bucket is filled with runoff, the stepping motor drives the ring-shaped sampling track to move for a while, and another sampling bucket is placed under the outlet water to continue collecting samples. The continuous intermittent movement of the annular sampling track drives the sampling buckets to continuously receive water under the water outlet, forming the function of measuring water and sediment.

The annular sampling crawler is provided with a hook, and the hook is combined with the fastening ring on the sampling barrel to form a connection mechanism between the annular sampling crawler and the sampling barrel. When the sampling barrel needs to be separated from the annular sampling crawler, the annular sampling crawler can be used to descend, the sampling barrel is lifted, the snap hook is separated from the snap ring, and the sampling barrel and the annular sampling crawler are separated.

A preliminary water level gauge can be installed on the sampling port to measure the height of the water level in the sampling bucket. After reaching a certain height, the preliminary water level gauge will notify the control subsystem, and the control subsystem will control the movement of the circular sampling track so that the sampling bucket that is receiving water Remove it and replace it with an empty sampling bucket to continue receiving water. The water level sensor can be an ultrasonic sensor, or other water level measurement sensors capable of outputting electrical signals.

The shape of the sampling barrel is a combination of a rounded frustum and a cylinder. The diameter of the upper end of the circular platform is D1, the diameter of the lower end is D2, the lower end is cylindrical with a height of h2, and the height of the circular platform is h3. The upper 1/5 position is equipped with a concave arc-shaped clamping groove, and the lower end is equipped with a hinge to connect and seal with the bottom, and realize automatic clamping and bottom sealing with the circular sampling track during the transmission process. The stepper motor drives the circular sampling crawler to make circular motion through the transmission gear. The circular sampling track is provided with a sampling barrel clamping groove every 50cm, the straight section of the circular sampling track is 1m long, and the arc section is a semicircle with a diameter of 1m. The ultrasonic primary water level gauge is used to monitor the height of the water surface in the sampling barrel, and the control system reads the water level data at high frequency, and when the set water level is reached, the stepping motor is immediately controlled to drive the circular sampling track to end the sampling. Meanwhile prepare for the next sampling.

The sampling bucket can also be in other shapes, such as cylindrical, or polygonal prism.

The function of the measurement subsystem is to accurately measure the samples in the sampling bucket, and the measured items include: the weight of the sample, the precise water level in the sampling bucket, etc.

Among them, the weight of the sample should be removed from the weight of the sampling barrel itself, which requires accurate measurement of the weight of the sampling barrel between samples. Since the sampling barrel is used repeatedly, it is difficult to clean the inside very clean after each use, so every time The weight after use may be different. Therefore, before sampling, the empty sampling bucket should be weighed. After sampling, after weighing the sampling bucket with the sample, it is necessary to subtract the weight of the empty sampling bucket before sampling. . This requires identification of each sampling barrel, and the identification method can be identified by setting a two-dimensional code on each sampling barrel, or by means of other signs.

Regarding the measurement of water level: when sampling in the sampling bucket, a preliminary water level gauge monitors the water level in the sampling bucket. Once the required water level is reached, the sampling is stopped. This is the preliminary water level. The purpose of setting the initial measurement water level is to adapt to different outflow flows and ensure the effectiveness of sampling: to avoid insufficient sampling at low flow rates and excessive sampling at high flow rates. The function of the initial water level measurement is mainly to control the water level in the sampling bucket, which cannot exceed the height of the sampling bucket, and the sampling volume should not be too small, otherwise the runoff and sediment volume cannot be accurately measured. However, the initial measurement of the water level is inaccurate, because the initial measurement process is carried out during sampling, that is, the water flow is entering the sampling bucket. When the water level gauge calculates the water level, the water level is constantly changing. , there is still a certain reaction time before the sampling barrel leaves the sampling position and the next sampling barrel is changed to sample. This period of reaction time has some gaps due to various reasons, and these gaps have caused the problem that the water levels of each sampling bucket are not completely consistent. Another factor that affects the difference in water levels in the sampling buckets is not only water but also sediment and clods in the sample. The silt and clods in each sampling bucket affect the water level, resulting in differences in the sampling conditions of the water level in each sampling bucket. Therefore, before accurately measuring the water level, it is best to use ultrasonic vibration to shatter and homogenize the sediment, which eliminates the difference in water level sampling in each sampling bucket, and can accurately measure the relationship between water level and weight. Determine the various parameters for sampling.

Therefore, in the measurement subsystem, it is necessary to set the sampling bucket mark, such as a two-dimensional code, and at the same time set up accurate weighing facilities, and retest the water level gauge.

Both the initial water level gauge and the retest water level gauge can use ultrasonic water level gauges, or other similar water level sensors that can generate electronic data signals.

The measurement subsystem is set on a stop position called the measurement area of the sampling barrel: after entering the measurement area, the guide rail is concave and abducted. Scheme 1: The lower part 15cm is clamped with the ultrasonic vibration ring, ultrasonic vibration is performed for 5 seconds, and then loosened Fastening ring; scheme 2: the ultrasonic vibrator enters the sampling barrel and vibrates for 5 seconds; then enters the weighing area, the guide rail of the weighing area is concave and outward, so that the sampling barrel falls on the weighing platform, and the weighing platform is set The weight sensor records the weight of the water sample + sampling barrel, and uses the retest water level gauge to measure and record the height of the water sample in the sampling barrel. After the measurement, the weighing platform moves forward to send the sampling bucket into the guide rail.

The role of the sample storage subsystem is to store some sampling barrels randomly selected during the sampling process as samples for further analysis. The sample storage subsystem uses the concave arc-shaped clamping groove and guide rail on the upper part of the sampling barrel for close arrangement and transmission. Before sampling, they are closely arranged in a serpentine shape in the preparation area, and in a serpentine shape in the storage area after sampling. The serpentine arrangement is to increase the number of turns of the track, and store as many sampling buckets as possible in a relatively small space.

The function of the cleaning subsystem is to discharge the water and sediment in the sampling barrels that are not intended to be stored after weighing and measuring, and use them as the next round of sampling. When the sampling barrel reaches the cleaning position along with the annular track, open the bottom cover of the sampling barrel and perform a reciprocating cleaning of the lower 2/3 of the inner wall. The cleaning subsystem includes a water storage tank, a water pump, a water guide pipe, and a stretchable nozzle driven by a motor. The water pump can be connected to the water storage tank of the artificial rainfall equipment as a water source, and the water pump is used to increase the water pressure so that the nozzle sprays water to clean the lower 2/3 area of the sampling barrel. Driven by the motor, it cycles back and forth several times, cleans the sampling barrel, and weighs it for use after completion. In order to clean, the cleaning subsystem can be equipped with an ultrasonic vibrator to drive the sampling bucket during cleaning to vibrate, and completely remove the sediment and water in the sampling bucket.

The control subsystem is an electronic device with data processing and data storage functions, which can be an ordinary PC computer, or an industrial computer, or an embedded system. The control subsystem can be electrically connected to the artificial rainfall equipment. When the rainfall equipment is not turned on, that is, when there is no artificial rainfall, the control subsystem is in a dormant state. When the artificial rainfall equipment starts to rain, it sends a rain start signal to the control subsystem. information, turn on the control subsystem. It is also possible to connect the control subsystem with a rainfall sensor. After the artificial rainfall starts, the rainfall sensor obtains the information of rainfall, and starts the control subsystem.

In addition to controlling the operation of the circular sampling crawler and the circular storage crawler, the control subsystem also records the rainfall start time t1, rainfall intensity i, and rainfall p, monitors the outflow time t2 of the water outlet in the community, and starts the sampling bucket to take water samples t3 , end time t4. The ultrasonic transducer is controlled to ultrasonically vibrate the water sample in the sampling bucket. Record the water depth h1 in the sampling bucket measured by the retesting water level gauge. Record the sampling bucket + water sample weight m _total . The control opens the bottom plate of the sampling bucket, and the sampling bucket is emptied. Control the booster pump and the micro-cleaning nozzle to reciprocate and clean the sampling barrel. Record the weight of the sampling barrel in m _barrels . Calculate the amount of clear water, sediment, and sand content according to the formula. The stepper motor is controlled according to the set value to realize automatic interval sampling or encrypted sampling according to the rainfall intensity.

Since the whole system has a variety of electronic equipment and automation equipment, in order to prevent the electronic equipment from getting wet and malfunctioning during artificial rainfall, a rainproof box can be installed. The rainproof box is made of plastic or stainless steel, and there are louver structure ventilation windows in the middle of the four sides. A rainproof control panel of the automatic control device is arranged on the upper part of one side of the box body.

Embodiment two:

This embodiment is an improvement of the first embodiment, and is a refinement of the first embodiment about the sampling bucket. The upper part of the sampling bucket described in this embodiment is a rounded platform 1021, the lower part is a cylindrical shape 1022, the bottom is provided with a valve 1023, and the cylindrical part is provided with at least two fastening rings 1024, as shown in FIG. 4 .

Sampling barrels can be made of stainless steel or high-strength plastic. The valve can be opened and closed by electromagnetic switch control. The effect of snapping ring cooperates with the grab 1041 of annular sampling track, and snap hook is hooked on the snapping ring, and annular sampling track just can drive the sampling bucket operation. There can be 2-4 clamp rings, and more clamp rings can make the ring sampling track and the sampling barrel more stable, but too many clamp rings will make the system too complicated and prone to failure.

Embodiment three:

This embodiment is an improvement of the above embodiment, and is a refinement of the above embodiment about the sampling bucket. The round platform part of the sampling bucket described in this embodiment is provided with a concave arc-shaped fastening groove 1025 matching with the track, as shown in FIG. 5 .

The function of the concave arc clamp groove is to cooperate with the track 105, and the track is embedded in the groove so that the sampling groove can slide along the track.

Embodiment four:

This embodiment is an improvement of the above embodiment, and is a refinement of the measurement subsystem of the above embodiment. The measurement subsystem described in this embodiment includes: an annular sampling crawler falling mechanism 1042 and a track arranged on one side of the endless sampling crawler, and the track is provided with a re-measurement water level gauge 107, an ultrasonic vibrator and a load cell 106, A two-dimensional code is provided on the sampling barrel, and a two-dimensional code reader is provided in the control subsystem, as shown in FIG. 5 .

The falling mechanism of the annular sampling crawler can move the annular sampling crawler up and down (in the direction of the arrow in Figure 5), so that the annular sampling crawler and the sampling bucket can be combined and separated.

When the circular sampling track is lifted, the hook hooks the fastening ring on the sampling bucket, so that the circular sampling track can drive the sampling bucket to move. When the circular sampling track falls, the sampling bucket is combined with the track, and the load cell on the track , re-testing water level gauge and ultrasonic vibrator to ultrasonically vibrate and weigh the sampling barrel. Before weighing, it is necessary to scan the two-dimensional code of the sampling barrel to obtain the accurate weight of the sampling barrel and other information. After the ultrasonic vibration, the silt and mud in the water are shattered and uniform, which often changes the water level. Therefore, this embodiment is also provided with a re-measurement water level gauge, and the re-measurement water level gauge is used to retest the water level in the sampling bucket. precise measurements.

Embodiment five:

This embodiment is an improvement of the above embodiment, and is a refinement of the cleaning subsystem of the above embodiment. The cleaning subsystem described in this embodiment includes: an openable and closable vibrating ring 107 and an automatic flusher arranged at a stop position of a sampling bucket, as shown in FIG. 6 .

The function of the openable vibrating ring is: when the valve of the sampling barrel is opened, the water and sediment in the sampling barrel flow out of the sampling barrel. Hold the sampling barrel and start to vibrate to shake down the water and sediment stuck in the sampling barrel, and cooperate with the automatic cleaner to clean the sampling barrel.

Embodiment six:

This embodiment is an improvement of the above-mentioned embodiment, and is a refinement of the above-mentioned embodiment about the automatic cleaner. The automatic washer described in this embodiment includes: a flushing pump 1081 connected to a water supply pipeline, and the flushing pump is connected to a spray head 1082 that can automatically retract, as shown in FIG. 6 .

The function of the automatic cleaner is to clean the sediment in the sampling bucket through the pressurized water column. The pressure of the water column is provided by the water pump. The water source can be extracted from the water source used by the artificial rainfall equipment. out. The nozzle is installed on the pipe that can be automatically retracted, so that the nozzle can be retracted and rotated, and the inner wall of the sampling barrel can be fully washed up, down, left, and right.

Embodiment seven:

This embodiment is a method for continuous sampling, measurement and preservation of runoff sediment in an indoor soil tank test using the above-mentioned system. The steps of the method are as follows:

(1) Steps for starting the automatic control subsystem: when artificial rainfall is started, the automatic control subsystem is started at the same time.

Since the rainfall of artificial rainfall equipment can simulate the gradual increase of rainfall at the beginning of natural rainfall, it can also be directly turned on to the rainfall required by the experiment. Therefore, the sampling and measurement system that turns on the rainfall should directly enter the working state of sampling and measurement. In order to deal with any rain-on status of the artificial rainfall equipment.

(2) Sampling steps: When runoff is generated in the soil tank, the runoff flows into the first sampling bucket through the sampling port, the water level gauge measures the water level in the sampling bucket at a frequency of at least 50 times per second, and the control subsystem starts to record the water outlet Runoff time timing, when the water level in the sampling bucket reaches the set value, the control subsystem stops timing and drives the circular sampling track to rotate, so that the next sampling bucket enters the bottom of the sampling port and enters the next round of sampling, and so on. The subsystem continuously records the sampling frequency of the sampling bucket and the runoff time at the outlet as the basis for measuring runoff and sediment concentration.

The sampling process must be very precise. Therefore, when sampling, measure the water level in the sampling bucket through the water level gauge. Once the required height is reached, leave the sampling track to start sampling and replace the sampling bucket for water intake. Since the amount of water and silt in the sampling bucket will be accurately measured below, as long as the number of times the sampling bucket is replaced is measured, the runoff can be accurately calculated.

The set value is a pre-set water level value. The normal water level value is slightly lower than the height of the sampling bucket, so that the water level in the sampling bucket will be slightly lower than the upper edge of the sampling bucket after sampling, and the sample can be kept very stably. In the sampling bucket, it will not shake out of the sampling bucket due to the movement of the sampling bucket. But the water level should not be too low, too low will affect the sampling efficiency, generally 80-90% of the height of the sampling bucket is appropriate.

(3) Steps of accurate measurement: after the sampling bucket takes water, perform precise measurement at the next stop position: firstly, the QR code reader of the control subsystem reads the QR code with the weight of the sampling bucket on the sampling bucket, and samples are taken at the same time The ring-shaped sampling track is lowered as a whole, so that the sampling bucket falls on the track, and the ultrasonic vibrator on the track performs ultrasonic vibration on the sampled water to remove the air in the water and crush the large pieces of soil that may exist in the water sample. After the vibration, retest The water level gauge measures the water depth in the sampling bucket; the weighing sensor weighs the sampling bucket, and the accurate sampling weight is obtained after removing the weight of the sampling bucket.

In order to accurately weigh the weight of water and sediment in the sampling bucket, it is first necessary to remove the weight of the sampling bucket itself. The weight in the sampling bucket itself is weighed after cleaning the sampling bucket in advance, so that it can be guaranteed If the remaining sand is not cleaned up, its weight will not affect the measurement accuracy of washing once. When the sampling ring falls down, the hook on the ring-shaped sampling track no longer bears the weight of the sampling bucket, and the full weight of the sampling bucket falls on the track, and the vibrator on the track starts to vibrate, breaking the large pieces of sand in the water , so that the water and sediment are evenly mixed, and at this time, the weight of the water and sediment can be obtained very accurately. After weighing, the water level in the sampling bucket is accurately re-measured. Due to the ultrasonic vibration, the large pieces of soil in the water are crushed, so that the sediment and water are evenly mixed, or the water level measurement conditions in each sampling bucket are consistent, which is more accurate. It is conducive to the accurate calculation of various parameters of the sample.

The formula for calculating the weight of water and sediment in the sampling bucket:

The total volume of water and sediment samples calculated according to the water depth h1 in the sampling bucket:

When _h1≤h2 : Vtotal=3.14×h2×(D2/2) ²

When h1>h2: _Vtotal =3.14×h2×(D2/2) ² + 1/3π(h1－h2)((D1) ² +(D2) ² +D1×D2)/4

The total mass m _samples of water and sediment samples calculated according to the _sum of the sampling bucket + water sample mass m m _buckets :

m _sample = m _total - m _bucket

Calculate the sand concentration according to the formula:

S _sand = γ _sand / V _total × (m _{sample -} γ _water × V _total ) / (γ _sand - γ _water )

Among them: S _sand is the sediment content, γ _sand is the total volume of sediment in the sampling bucket, γ _sand and γ _water are the bulk density of sediment and water respectively.

(4) The step of selecting and storing water samples: For the accurately measured sampling buckets, according to the observation requirements, the sampling buckets are selected according to the set interval or randomly selected and sent to the memory for storage.

After the sampling barrels are accurately weighed, some sampling barrels can be taken at a certain interval according to the needs of the experiment, and stored in the memory as samples for later use in analysis. Due to the limited memory capacity, generally the circular sampling track can be selected to turn around to extract one or several sampling barrels. It is also possible to randomly select some sampling buckets and store them together with the water and sediment for further analysis after the rainfall.

(5) Cleaning steps: The sampling barrels that have not been selected for storage enter the cleaning area along the circular sampling track, open the valve at the bottom of the sampling barrel, release the water and sediment in the sampling barrel, open and close the vibrating ring to clamp the sampling barrel and vibrate, Turn on the flushing pump, stretch out the nozzle to clean the sampling bucket, after cleaning, the sampling bucket continues to move forward with the circular sampling track, ready for the next sampling.

After taking some samples for storage, other unnecessary water and sediment are poured out, and the sediment in the sampling bucket is cleaned up for the next sampling.

(6) Steps at the end of the experiment: After the artificial rainfall is turned off, the control subsystem receives a signal to stop the rainfall, and the control subsystem stops running in due time according to the runoff conditions, and enters the standby mode. If the experiment is continued, it will enter the working state again. If the experiment is stopped, the into the shutdown state.

When the artificial rainfall equipment is turned off, the control subsystem also obtains the information that the rainfall has stopped. Since the runoff is lagging, the measurement system cannot be turned off, but should continue to work for a period of time until the runoff completely stops.

Finally, it should be noted that the above is only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention and not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred arrangement, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention (such as The connection with the artificial rainfall equipment, the form of the sampling bucket, the sampling process, the overall composition of the system, etc.) are modified or equivalently replaced without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. An indoor soil tank test runoff silt continuous sampling measurement preservation system is characterized in that it comprises: a sampling subsystem, a measurement subsystem, a sample storage subsystem, a control subsystem, and a cleaning subsystem; the sampling subsystem It includes: a plurality of sampling buckets surrounding the circular sampling crawler that rotates intermittently according to the water intake conditions, and the sampling bucket is connected with the circular sampling crawler through an automatic unlocking mechanism; The sampling port connected to the water outlet pipeline, the sampling port is aligned with the upper mouth of a sampling barrel and is provided with a preliminary water level gauge, the preliminary water level gauge is electrically connected to the control subsystem, and the control subsystem is connected to the drive The motor connection of the circular sampling crawler running, the described control subsystem is provided with a timer for calculating the time of rainwater filling a sampling bucket and a counter for the number of times of a rainfall filling the sampling bucket; the described sample storage subsystem is provided with The sample storage area of the serpentine track, the starting point of the serpentine track is set on the stop position of a sampling barrel, and the starting point of the serpentine track is provided with an annular storage track. 2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper part of the sampling barrel is rounded, the lower part is cylindrical, the bottom is provided with a valve, and the cylindrical part is provided with at least two snap rings. 3. The system according to claim 2, characterized in that, the round table part of the sampling bucket is provided with a concave arc-shaped fastening groove matched with the track. 4. The system according to claim 3, characterized in that, the measurement subsystem comprises: a circular sampling crawler falling mechanism and a track arranged on one side of the circular sampling crawler, the track is provided with a water level meter for re-measurement , an ultrasonic vibrator and a load cell, the sampling bucket is provided with a two-dimensional code, and the control subsystem is provided with a two-dimensional code reader. 5 . The system according to claim 4 , wherein the cleaning subsystem comprises: an openable and closable vibrating ring and an automatic flusher arranged at a stop position of the sampling barrel. 6 . 6 . The system according to claim 5 , wherein the automatic washer comprises: a flushing pump pipe connected to a water supply pipe, and the flushing pump is connected to an automatically retractable nozzle. 7 . 7. a method for continuous sampling measurement and preservation of indoor soil tank test runoff silt using the system described in claim 6, is characterized in that, the steps of the method are as follows: Steps for starting the automatic control subsystem: when artificial rainfall is turned on, the automatic control subsystem is turned on at the same time; Sampling steps: when the soil tank generates runoff, the runoff flows into the first sampling bucket through the sampling port, the water level gauge measures the water level in the sampling bucket at a frequency of at least 50 times per second, and the control subsystem starts to record the runoff time at the water outlet Timing, when the water level in the sampling bucket reaches the set value, the control subsystem stops timing and drives the circular sampling crawler to rotate, so that the next sampling bucket enters the bottom of the sampling port and enters the next round of sampling. Record the sampling frequency of the sampling bucket and the runoff time of the water outlet as the basis for measuring runoff and sediment concentration; Steps of accurate measurement: after the sampling bucket takes water, perform precise measurement at the next stop position: firstly, the two-dimensional code reader of the control subsystem reads the two-dimensional code with the weight of the sampling bucket on the sampling bucket, and at the same time, the ring sampling track as a whole Descend to make the sampling bucket fall on the track, and the ultrasonic vibrator on the track will ultrasonically vibrate the sampled water to remove the air in the water and crush the large pieces of soil that may exist in the water sample. After the vibration, retest the water level gauge to determine the sampling The water depth in the barrel; the weighing sensor weighs the sampling barrel, and the accurate sampling weight is obtained after removing the weight of the sampling barrel; Steps for selecting and storing water samples: For the accurately measured sampling buckets, according to the observation requirements, according to the set interval or random sampling, the sampling buckets are sent to the memory for storage; Cleaning steps: The sampling barrels that are not selected for storage enter the cleaning area along the circular sampling track, open the valve at the bottom of the sampling barrel, release the water and sediment in the sampling barrel, open and close the vibrating ring to clamp the sampling barrel and vibrate, and turn on the flushing pump , the nozzle stretches out to clean the sampling barrel. After cleaning, the sampling barrel continues to move forward with the circular sampling track to prepare for the next sampling; Steps at the end of the experiment: After the artificial rainfall is turned off, the control subsystem receives a signal to stop the rainfall, and the control subsystem stops running in due time according to the runoff conditions and enters the standby mode. If the experiment continues, it will enter the working state again, and if the experiment is stopped, it will enter the shutdown state .