CN105594116A

CN105594116A - Drive circuit for reluctance motor, and reluctance-motor system

Info

Publication number: CN105594116A
Application number: CN201580002046.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 松绳晓
Original assignee: Mabuchi Motor Co Ltd
Current assignee: Mabuchi Motor Co Ltd
Priority date: 2014-07-28
Filing date: 2015-06-26
Publication date: 2016-05-18
Anticipated expiration: 2035-06-26
Also published as: JP6386022B2; US20160241179A1; WO2016017337A1; JPWO2016017337A1; CN105594116B

Abstract

This drive circuit (200) for a reluctance motor provided with a stator that has a plurality of salient poles and a rotor that has a plurality of salient poles is provided with the following: a first path via which an excitation current flows to at least part of a coil wound around the salient poles of the rotor or the stator; and a second path via which a demagnetization current flows to a different part that does not coincide with the aforementioned coil part.

Description

The drive circuit of reluctance motor and reluctance motor system

Technical field

The present invention relates to drive circuit and the reluctance motor system of the reluctance motor that does not use permanent magnet and brush.

Background technology

In recent years, the price of the terres rares of magnet raw material is in ascendant trend, to not using the SR of permanent magnetThe attention rate of (SwitchedReluctance: switching magnetic-resistance) motor increases. SR motor is not use foreverMagnet, the motor that drives with reluctance torque (being the attraction of electromagnet) only. SR motor at present dust catcher,Practical in oil pressure pump, electric drill etc.

SR motor, compared with more extensively universal magnet motor, has the cost that does not use permanent magnet to bringAdvantage. And owing to not using permanent magnet, therefore robustness and heat resistance are higher. In addition, also do not have and can occurDriven rotary loss (Even れ Hui り Damage during without excitation loses) and the advantage of slot effect (cogging). But,There is the lower such technical problem of torque density compared with magnet motor in SR motor.

SR motor generally has high inductance compared with magnet motor. Therefore, in SR motor, from turn-offing coilEnergising and start demagnetization and rise and need the extinction time grown till the induced-current vanishing producing to electromagnetic induction, andAnd start energising after rising also compared with spended time. , Current Tracing is poor.

Therefore, for not entering negative torque zone, be, generally to carry out considering the early timing of current vanishes time(timing) just stop the control of the energising to coil. But, if at stopping at fixed time stop-pass electricity early, cannot fillDivide the potential torque of performance motor.

In addition,, for accelerating the current vanishes time, the backward voltage applying when useful booster circuit makes coil demagnetization has been proposedThe method (with reference to patent documentation 1) of boosting. But the circuit scale of drive circuit and cost can increase.

[formerly technical literature]

[patent documentation]

[patent documentation 1] TOHKEMY 2004-208441 communique

Summary of the invention

(inventing technical problem to be solved)

The present invention researches and develops in view of such situation, and its object is to provide a kind of increase that had both suppressed circuit scale, againImprove the technology of the output characteristics of reluctance motor.

(for the means of technical solution problem)

For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the drive circuit of the reluctance motor of a scheme of the present invention be one comprise have multipleThe stator of the prominent utmost point and have the drive circuit of the reluctance motor of the rotor of multiple prominent utmost points, comprising: for to stator or rotorAt least a portion of the prominent extremely upper coil being wound around flow through the 1st path of exciting electric current; And for to coilFlow through the 2nd path of the electric current that demagnetization uses from the inconsistent different part of described at least a portion. It can be coilBeing wound in the formation of the prominent utmost point of stator, can be also the formation that is wound in the prominent utmost point of rotor. Exciting electric current can flowCross the whole of coil.

According to this scheme, can in the time of coil demagnetization, with the less number of turn, induced-current be discharged, can foreshorten to the phase of current vanishesBetween. Therefore, can guarantee the excitation time grown can improve output characteristics.

Can also comprise: the 1st switch element, the 1st end that is arranged on coil and the height of side of the positive electrode that is connected in power supplyBetween side group directrix; Current controling element, is arranged between the 2nd end and high side group directrix of coil, for makingFrom coil to high side group directrix current flowing; And the 2nd switch element, the tie point midway that is arranged on coil withBe connected between the downside datum line of negative side of power supply. Thus, can realize with 3 elements the driving of the above-mentioned effect of performanceCircuit.

Can there is when to described coil magnetization the mould of described the 1st switch element and described the 2nd switch element conductingFormula, and the pattern of described the 1st switch element conducting and described the 2nd switch element alternate repetition conduction and cut-off. Thus,Can realize the drive circuit that can recently change by changing the duty of conduction and cut-off output characteristics.

Can also comprise: the 1st switch element, the 1st end that is arranged on coil and the height of side of the positive electrode that is connected in power supplyBetween side group directrix; The 2nd switch element, the 2nd end that is arranged on coil and the downside of negative side that is connected in power supplyBetween datum line; The 1st current controling element, for making the 1st tie point midway from downside datum line to coilCurrent flowing; And the 2nd current controling element, for making from being positioned at than the 1st tie point of coil more by the 2nd endThe 2nd tie point to high side group directrix current flowing. Thus, can realize with 4 elements the driving electricity of the above-mentioned effect of performanceRoad.

The 1st current controling element can be that anode terminal is connected in downside datum line, and cathode terminal is connected in the company of coilThe 1st diode of contact. The 2nd current controling element can be the tie point that anode terminal is connected in coil, cathode terminalSub-connection is in the 2nd diode of high side group directrix. By using diode, during with use active element, phase specific energy is suppressed toThis.

The 1st current controling element can be the 3rd switch element that forms in parallel or be connected with diode. The 2nd electric currentControl element can be the tie point that anode terminal is connected in coil, and cathode terminal is connected in the 2 two of high side group directrixUtmost point pipe. By using the 3rd switch element as the 1st current controling element, can in a part for coil, flow through excitation and useElectric current.

Can there are 2 the different patterns of the number of turn that use when to coil magnetization. By making the 3rd switch when the excitationElement conductive, can select the fast pattern of Current rise.

The 1st switch element, the 2nd switch element, the 1st current controling element and the 2nd current controling element can be pinsStator each arranged respectively mutually. During the excitation of coil, the 1st switch element or the 2nd of non-repetitive multiple phases is openedClosing element can be shared. Thus, can cut down the quantity of switch element.

Another program of the present invention is also a kind of drive circuit of reluctance motor. This drive circuit is to comprise having multiple prominent utmost pointsStator and there is the drive circuit of reluctance motor of the rotor of multiple prominent utmost points, comprising: the 1st path, at stator or turnThe prominent of son extremely goes up in the coil being wound around, and flows through the high side group directrix of the side of the positive electrode from being connected in power supply via coil extremelyA few part and towards the electric current of downside datum line of negative side that is connected in power supply; The 2nd path, flows through from low side groupDirectrix via from the inconsistent different part of described at least a portion of coil towards the electric current of high side group directrix;And switching device shifter, the connection in switching the 1st path and the 2nd path. The inductance in the 2nd path is at the inductance in the 1st pathBelow; In the 1st path and the 2nd path, in coil mobile electric current towards being identical.

According to this scheme, can reduce the inductance in demagnetization path, can foreshorten to the time of current vanishes. Therefore, can guarantee longExcitation time, can improve output characteristics.

Another program of the present invention is a kind of reluctance motor system, and it possesses: comprise and have the stator of multiple prominent utmost points and haveThe reluctance motor of the rotor of multiple prominent utmost points; And the above-mentioned drive circuit of driving reluctance motor.

According to this scheme, can construct the increase that had both suppressed drive circuit scale, improve again the reluctance motor system of output characteristics.

It should be noted that, by any combination of above inscape, the form of expression of the present invention in circuit, device, systemDeng between conversion after mode, be also effective as the solution of the present invention.

(invention effect)

By the present invention, can both suppress the increase of circuit scale, improve again the output characteristics of reluctance motor.

Brief description of the drawings

(a) of Fig. 1, (b) of Fig. 1 are the figure that represents the formation of the SR motor of comparative example.

Fig. 2 is the circuit that represents the drive circuit of the comparative example 1 of the SR motor that drives Fig. 1 (a) and Fig. 1 (b)The figure forming.

Fig. 3 is the figure of the action timing of the drive circuit of presentation graphs 2.

Fig. 4 is the circuit that represents the drive circuit of the comparative example 2 of the SR motor that drives Fig. 1 (a) and Fig. 1 (b)The figure forming.

Fig. 5 is the figure of the action timing of the drive circuit of presentation graphs 4.

(a) of Fig. 6, (b) of Fig. 6 are the figure that represents the formation of the SR motor of embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is the circuit that represents the drive circuit of the embodiment 1 of the SR motor that drives Fig. 6 (a) and Fig. 6 (b)The figure forming.

Fig. 8 is the figure of the action timing of the drive circuit of presentation graphs 7.

Fig. 9 is the circuit structure of the drive circuit of the embodiment 2 of the SR motor of (a) that represent to drive Fig. 6, Fig. 6 (b)The figure becoming.

Figure 10 is the figure of the action timing of the drive circuit of presentation graphs 9.

Figure 11 is the circuit that represents the drive circuit of the embodiment 3 of the SR motor that drives Fig. 6 (a) and Fig. 6 (b)The figure forming.

Figure 12 is the figure that represents the action timing of the drive circuit of Figure 11.

(a) of Figure 13, (b) of Figure 13 are the variations of the coil current of coil current to comparative example and present embodimentThe figure comparing.

Figure 14 is the figure of the variation 1 of the drive circuit shown in presentation graphs 7.

Figure 15 is the figure of the variation 2 of the drive circuit shown in presentation graphs 7.

Figure 16 is the circuit that represents the drive circuit of the comparative example 3 of the SR motor that drives Fig. 1 (a) and Fig. 1 (b)The figure forming.

Figure 17 is the figure that represents the action timing of the drive circuit of Figure 16.

Figure 18 is the figure of the technical problem of the drive circuit for Figure 16 is described.

Figure 19 is the circuit that represents the drive circuit of the embodiment 4 of the SR motor that drives Fig. 1 (a) and Fig. 1 (b)The figure forming.

Figure 20 is the figure that represents the action timing of the drive circuit of Figure 19.

Figure 21 is the circuit that represents the drive circuit of the embodiment 5 of the SR motor that drives Fig. 6 (a) and Fig. 6 (b)The figure forming.

Figure 22 is the figure that represents the action timing of the drive circuit of Figure 21.

Figure 23 is the circuit that represents the drive circuit of the embodiment 6 of the SR motor that drives Fig. 6 (a) and Fig. 6 (b)The figure forming.

Figure 24 is the figure that represents the action timing of the drive circuit of Figure 23.

Figure 25 is the circuit that represents the drive circuit of the embodiment 7 of the SR motor that drives Fig. 1 (a) and Fig. 1 (b)The figure forming.

Figure 26 is the figure that represents the action timing of the drive circuit of Figure 25.

Figure 27 is the circuit that represents the drive circuit of the embodiment 8 of the SR motor that drives Fig. 6 (a) and Fig. 6 (b)The figure forming.

Figure 28 is the figure that represents the action timing of the drive circuit of Figure 27.

Figure 29 is the figure that represents the circuit formation of the drive circuit of the variation of variation 2.

Figure 30 (a)-(c) is that the output characteristics of the drive circuit shown in Fig. 2, Figure 15, Figure 29 is comparedFigure.

Detailed description of the invention

Hereinafter with reference to brief description of the drawings embodiments of the present invention. In the description of the drawings, to identical element annotation phaseSame label, and suitably the repetitive description thereof will be omitted. In addition, the formation of the following stated just illustrates, not to the present inventionScope carry out certain restriction.

(a) of Fig. 1, (b) of Fig. 1 are the figure that represents the formation of the SR motor 100 of comparative example. SR motor 100To be constituted by the rotor 20 that equally spaced possesses the stator 10 of multiple prominent utmost points and equally spaced possess multiple prominent utmost points. The SR being made up of the rotor 20 of stator 10 and 6 utmost points of 8 utmost points has been shown in (a) of Fig. 1 and (b) of Fig. 1The example of motor 100. For example, on the each prominent utmost point (being formed by iron core) of stator 10, be wound with coil. In this embodiment,2 of relative 180 degree that stagger are prominent is wound with 1 coil on extremely, is carried out 4 and drives mutually. (b) table of Fig. 1Show an example of the canoe of Q phase coil Lq, R phase coil Lr, S phase coil Ls and T phase coil Lt, Fig. 1(a) represented each prominent Q phase coil Lq, R phase coil Lr, S phase coil Ls and T phase coil of being wound around extremely gone upThe section of Lt.

It should be noted that, SR motor 100 is not limited to carry out 4 phases with the rotor 20 of stator 10 and 6 utmost points of 8 utmost pointsThe type driving, also have with the stator 10 of 6 utmost points and the rotor of 4 utmost points 20 carry out 3 types that drive mutually, with 4 utmost pointsThe rotor 20 of stator 10 and 2 utmost points carries out the various types such as 2 types that drive mutually. In addition, can be alsoThe prominent structure that possesses coil on extremely of rotor. Now, need to possess for brush, collector ring etc. to coil power supply.

Rotor 20 is made up of the material of the soft magnetisms such as electromagnetic steel plate. Conventionally, the number of poles of rotor 20 is designed to be and stator10 number of poles is inconsistent. Thus, can evade all consistent caused states of power without spin of all utmost points. At SR motor 100In, based on the prominent of stator 10 extremely gone up to the coil electricity being wound around and the reluctance torque producing, the prominent utmost point quilt of rotor 20Attract, rotor 20 rotates.

Fig. 2 is the drive circuit of the comparative example 1 of the SR motor 100 of (a) that represent to drive Fig. 1, Fig. 1 (b)The figure that 200 circuit forms. The drive circuit 200 of SR motor 100 has bridge circuit portion 210 and grid control circuit220. It should be noted that, in this manual, SR motor 100 and the combination of drive circuit 200 are called to motorSystem.

In bridge circuit portion 210, the high side group directrix HL (power supply potential connecting at the side of the positive electrode of dc source E1Line) and the downside datum line LL (ground wire) that is connected of the negative side of dc source E1 between, configuration SR motor 100Q phase coil Lq, R phase coil Lr, S phase coil Ls and T phase coil Lt.

Between the 1st end (upper end) and high side group directrix HL of Q phase coil Lq, Q the 1st switch element is mutually setMq1. Between the 2nd end (lower end) and downside datum line LL of Q phase coil Lq, Q the 2nd switch unit is mutually setPart Mq2. In comparative example 1, as Q the 1st switch element Mq1 and Q the 2nd switch element Mq2 mutually mutually, adoptThe MOSFET of n channel-type. In n channel-type MOSFET, between source drain, form with from source electrode to drain directionsFor the parasitic diode Dp of forward.

It should be noted that, as switch element, also can use IGBT. In the situation that adopting IGBT, due toDo not form parasitic diode, therefore in the time of the effect of the aforesaid parasitic diode of needs, in the parallel connection of emitter stage-inter-collectorConnect taking the diode from emitter stage to colelctor electrode direction as forward. In addition, using relay as switch elementIn situation, diode is also connected in parallel.

Between the upper end and downside datum line LL of Q phase coil Lq, be provided for making from downside datum line LL to QThe Q of the direction current flowing of the upper end of phase coil Lq is the 1st current controling element Dq1 mutually. Under Q phase coil LqBetween end and high side group directrix HL, be provided for making the side to high side group directrix HL from the lower end of Q phase coil LqTo Q the 2nd current controling element Dq2 mutually of current flowing.

In comparative example 1, as Q the 1st current controling element Dq1 and Q the 2nd current controling element Dq2 mutually mutually,Use respectively diode. As the Q Q anode terminal quilt of the 1st diode mutually of the 1st current controling element Dq1 mutuallyBe connected in downside datum line LL, the cathode terminal of Q phase the 1st diode is connected to the upper end of Q phase coil Lq. DoFor Q mutually the 2nd current controling element Dq2 Q mutually the anode terminal of the 2nd diode be connected to Q phase coil Lq'sLower end, the Q mutually cathode terminal of the 2nd diode is connected to high side group directrix HL.

Like this, Q phase coil Lq, Q the 1st switch element Mq1, Q the 2nd switch element Mq2, Q the 1st electricity mutually mutually mutuallyFlow-control element Dq1 and Q phase the 2nd current controling element Dq2 have formed the asymmetric bridge circuit of Q phase.

R phase, S phase, T are also the formations mutually same with Q mutually. , by R phase coil Lr, R the 1st switch element mutuallyMr1, R be the 2nd switch element Mr2, R the 1st current controling element Dr1 and R the 2nd current controling element Dr2 mutually mutually mutuallyForm the asymmetric bridge circuit of R phase. Similarly, by S phase coil Ls, S the 1st switch element Ms1, S phase mutuallyThe 2nd switch element Ms2, S phase the 1st current controling element Ds1 and S mutually the 2nd current controling element Ds2 have formed SThe asymmetric bridge circuit of phase. Similarly, by T phase coil Lt, T the 1st switch element Mt1, T the 2nd switch mutually mutuallyElement Mt2, T phase the 1st current controling element Dt1 and T mutually the 2nd current controling element Dt2 have formed the non-of T phaseSymmetrical bridge circuit. Driven the SR motor 100 of Fig. 1 by these 4 asymmetric bridge circuits.

Between high side group directrix HL and downside datum line LL, be connected the capacitor C 1 of level and smooth use. Grid control circuit 220Control Q the 1st switch element Mq1, Q the 2nd switch element Mq2, R the 1st switch element Mr1, R phase the 2nd mutually mutually mutuallySwitch element Mr2, S be the 1st switch element Ms1, S the 2nd switch element Ms2, T the 1st switch element Mt1 mutually mutually mutuallyAnd the T conduction and cut-off of the 2nd switch element Mt2 mutually. In comparative example 1, the gate terminal of each MOSFET is supplied withGate drive voltage (hereinafter referred to as signal), controls the conduction and cut-off of each MOSFET. It should be noted that,In the situation that using bipolar transistor as switch element, it is the conducting that supply base current is controlled bipolar transistor/ cut-off.

Fig. 3 is the figure of the action timing (timing) of the drive circuit 200 of presentation graphs 2. From grid control circuit220 couples of Q the 1st switch element Mq1 and Q grid of the gate terminal supply high level of the 2nd switch element Mq2 mutually mutuallyWhen signal, Q phase the 1st switch element Mq1 and Q mutually the 2nd switch element Mq2 become conducting state. Under this state,From dc source E1 to Q phase coil Lq current flowing, produce the magnetic flux being directly proportional to this electric current.

On the other hand, from grid control circuit 220 to mutually the 1st switch element Mq1 and Q the 2nd switch element mutually of QWhen the gate terminal of Mq2 is supplied with low level signal, Q is the 1st switch element Mq1 and Q the 2nd switch unit mutually mutuallyPart Mq2 becomes cut-off state. Under this state, the electric current that flows into Q phase coil Lq is cut off, and produces and Q phase lineThe corresponding induced voltage of flux change of circle Lq. Produce induced-current by this induced voltage, this induced-current passes through by QPhase coil Lq, Q be the 1st current controling element Dq1, dc source E1 and Q the 2nd current controling element Dq2 shape mutually mutuallyBecome closed loop and feed back to dc source E1 and capacitor C 1.

It should be noted that, Q the 1st current controling element Dq1 and Q the 2nd current controling element Dq2 mutually mutually be not set,But in the time of demagnetization, merely make Q phase coil Lq connect in the structure of ground wire, make switch element cut-offMoment can produce larger flux change, produce surge voltage. In addition, in the time of demagnetization only by Q phase coil Lq andThe diode of its two ends conducting is formed in the situation of structure of closed loop, if there is the forward voltage drop that exceedes this diode(Vf) induced voltage, can current flowing, therefore that flux change becomes is mild. Now, become zero to induced-currentExtinction time by elongated.

Unlike this, by mutually the 1st current controling element Dq1, dc source E1 and Q mutually the of Q phase coil Lq, Q2 current controling element Dq2 form in the situation of structure of closed loop, need to exceed the induced electricity of the voltage of dc source E1Press. Can occur than above-mentioned flux change larger while forming the structure of closed loop by Q phase coil Lq and diode, withThis structure phase specific energy shortens the current vanishes time. But, because SR motor 100 is high inductance, therefore only whereby, electricityThe shortening of stream extinction time is also insufficient. It should be noted that, above explanation is suitable too to other phase beyond Q phaseWith.

For bringing into play to greatest extent the potential torque of SR motor 100, it is desirable to every 1 and enter with the energising angle of 180 degreeRow excitation. That is, it is desirable to, stator 10 prominent extremely gone up the coil electricity being wound around and attract the prominent utmost point of rotor 20,And at the prominent utmost point of stator 10 and the prominent extremely completely relative time point cut-off current of rotor 20. But, from cut-off energisingThe induced-current producing to coil is wanted spended time till disappearing. Flow through this faradic during, for getting overCrossed the prominent utmost point of the rotor 20 of the prominent utmost point of stator 10, the prominent utmost point of stator 10 is to apply negative torque. For evading thisSituation, thinks and will consider that current vanishes makes the timing of turn-offing the energising to coil do sth. in advance temporally. In the case, willCannot give play to greatest extent the potential torque of SR motor 100.

In Fig. 3, the impulse waveform of describing with fine rule has represented the grid letter of the gate terminal that offers each switch elementNumber. The waveform of describing with thick line has represented by the coil current of this switch element control energising/non-energising. Retouch with dotted lineThe characteristic of painting has represented the inductance of this coil. It should be noted that, in fact inductance is not linear change, but isBe convenient to explanation, describe with straight line. Inductance is according to the position relationship of the prominent utmost point of the prominent utmost point of stator 10 and rotor 20Change. Become maximum at the prominent utmost point of stator 10 and the prominent extremely relative position of rotor 20, and along with stator 10The prominent utmost point move and decline to the direction relative with the recessed position of rotor 20 (the prominent utmost point each other).

As shown in Figure 3, the coil electricity that staggers 90 degree to 4 phases by electrical angle. 1 of the ordinate of the chart of Fig. 3Lattice are corresponding to 90 degree of electrical angle. Sequential chart shown in Fig. 3 has represented to control by 150 degree energisings the coil of 4 phasesExample. , 30 degree make each switch element cut-off in advance. But in the timing of 180 degree, electric current is not completelyStop, having produced negative torque.

Fig. 4 is the drive circuit of the comparative example 2 of the SR motor 100 of (a) that represent to drive Fig. 1, Fig. 1 (b)The figure that 200 circuit forms. The drive circuit 200 of comparative example 2 is by the drive circuit of the comparative example shown in Fig. 21During excitation in 200, coil, the 1st switch element (high-side switch element) of non-repetitive 2 phases is sharedStructure. And be by the shared structure of the 2nd current controling element of non-repetitive 2 phases during the excitation of coil.

With reference to Fig. 3, during the energising of Q phase and S phase, do not repeat, during the energising of R phase and T phase, also do not repeat. Therefore,By Q mutually the 1st switch element Mq1 and S mutually the 1st switch element Mq1 share and QS phase common switching element Mqs be set.In addition, by Q mutually the 2nd current controling element Dq2 and S the 2nd current controling element Ds2 is shared and QS phase is set mutuallyCommon current control element Dqs. Similarly, by R the 1st switch element Mr1 and T the 1st switch element Mt1 mutually mutuallyShare and RT phase common switching element Mrt is set. In addition, by R the 2nd current controling element Dr2 and T phase the 2nd mutuallyCurrent controling element Dt2 shares and RT phase common current control element Drt is set. By this circuit structure, with Fig. 2Shown circuit structure phase specific energy is cut down components number, can reduce costs.

It should be noted that, being altered to every 1 while carrying out excitation with the energising angle below 90 degree, the energising phase of 4 phasesBetween each other not mutually repeat, therefore can become the structure that a part 4 for switch element, current controling element is shared mutually. ButThat, owing to shortening during energising, output can diminish.

Fig. 5 is the figure of the action timing of the drive circuit 200 of presentation graphs 4. This sequential chart has represented with 120 degree energisingsControl the example of the coil of 4 phases. , 60 degree turn-off each switch element in advance. In the situation of common switching elementUnder, only become after 0 and just can carry out the energising of the coil to another phase at the electric current of coil that makes a phase, therefore willSet conduction time shortlyer. Therefore,, compared with the energising of the degree of 150 shown in Fig. 3, during energising, shorten. Therefore,The positive torque being directly proportional to positive coil current diminishes more, and the utilization ratio of potential torque declines more.

It should be noted that, in Fig. 4, Fig. 5, represented the structure of shared high-side switch element, but can be also altogetherBy the structure of low side switch element and the 1st current controling element.

As so far illustrated, the main cause that produces the utilization ratio step-down of negative torque or potential torque be fromStop the energising of coil to rise to longer during till current vanishes. Below, the method that current spikes is declined is described.

(a) of Fig. 6, (b) of Fig. 6 are the figure that represents the formation of the SR motor 100 of embodiment of the present invention. ?In the SR motor 100 of the embodiment shown in (a) of Fig. 6 and (b) of Fig. 6, with (a) and Fig. 1 of Fig. 1(b) shown in the SR motor 100 of comparative example compare, to Q phase coil Lq, R phase coil Lr, S phase coil LsAnd T phase coil Lt is respectively equipped with relay point.

Specifically, Q phase coil Lq is separated into the 1Q phase coil Lq1 of portion and 2Q phase line taking relay point as boundaryThe Lq2 of circle portion. Similarly, R phase coil Lr is separated into the 1R phase coil Lr1 of portion and 2R taking relay point as boundaryThe Lr2 of phase coil portion, S phase coil Ls is separated into the 1S phase coil Ls1 of portion and 2S phase line taking relay point as boundaryThe Ls2 of circle portion, T phase coil Lt is separated into the 1T phase coil Lt1 of portion and 2T phase coil portion taking relay point as boundaryLt2。

Below, for making explanation simple, suppose that relay point is located at the position of the half of total number of turn (number of turns) of each coilPut. And, the circle of the coil before the number of turn of supposing the 1st coil portion and the total of the number of turn of the 2nd coil portion equal to separateNumber.

In Fig. 6 (b), be wound with in parallel 1Q phase 2 prominent extremely going up of the position in 180 degree that staggerCoil portion Lq1 and the 2Q phase coil Lq2 of portion. Other is also same formation mutually.

Fig. 7 is the drive circuit that represents the embodiment 1 of the SR motor 100 that drives Fig. 6 (a) and Fig. 6 (b)The figure that 200 circuit forms. Below the circuit of the drive circuit 200 of the comparative example 1 shown in explanation and Fig. 2 formsDifference.

In comparative example 1, Q mutually the 1st current controling element Dq1 is upper end and the low side group that is arranged on Q phase coil LqBetween directrix LL, but in embodiment 1, Q mutually the 1st current controling element Dq1 is arranged on Q phase coil LqRelay point (Section 2 point N2) and downside datum line LL between. The relay point of Q phase coil Lq can be also 1QThe tie point of the Lq1 of phase coil portion and the 2Q phase coil Lq2 of portion.

As shown in Fig. 6 (b) and Fig. 7, Section 1 point N1 connecting in the upper end of the 1Q phase coil Lq1 of portionUpper connection Q is the source terminal of the 1st switch element Mq1 mutually, connect in the lower end of the 1Q phase coil Lq1 of portion the 2ndThe upper Q cathode terminal of the 1st current controling element Dq1 and the upper end of the 2Q phase coil Lq2 of portion mutually that connect of node N2.On Section 3 point N3 connecting in the lower end of the 2Q phase coil Lq2 of portion, connect Q the 2nd current controling element Dq2 mutuallyAnode terminal and the mutually drain terminal of the 2nd switch element Mq2 of Q. R phase, S phase, T are also mutually same with Q mutuallyForm.

In this circuit structure, after the energising of Q phase coil Lq is turned off, not the two ends from Q phase coil Lq,But discharge induced-current from the two ends of the 2Q phase coil Lq2 of portion. The turn ratio Q phase line of the 2Q phase coil Lq2 of portionThe number of turn of circle Lq is few. It in embodiment 1, is the number of turn of half. Therefore, inductance becomes half, can make energising finishAfter the current vanishes time become about half.

It should be noted that, the 1Q phase coil Lq1 of portion and the 2Q phase coil Lq2 of portion are magnetic-coupled, therefore based onThe induced-current of the magnetic energy of putting aside in the 1Q phase coil Lq1 of portion is discharged from the 2Q phase coil Lq2 of portion. 1Q phase lineThe Lq1 of circle portion and the total amount of the magnetic energy of the 2Q phase coil Lq2 of portion are identical with the total amount of the magnetic energy of Q phase coil Lq,Therefore the current vanishes time becomes about half, corresponding, the peak value of release current becomes approximately 2 times. Sometimes by 1QThe part of the magnetic energy of the Lq1 of phase coil portion produces less surge voltage, thus can with the 1Q phase coil Lq1 of portion alsoSurge absorbing element is set connection.

Fig. 8 is the figure of the action timing of the drive circuit 200 of presentation graphs 7. Sequential chart shown in Fig. 8 is also as Fig. 3 instituteThe sequential chart showing is such, by 150 degree energisings, the coil of 4 phases is controlled. The coil of each phase is separated into the 1st lineCircle portion and the 2nd coil portion. The inductance of each coil portion has become the approximately half of the each coil inductance shown in the sequential chart of Fig. 3.And the 1st coil portion is not used to the release of magnetic energy, therefore incite somebody to action not current flowing in cut-off energising. The 2nd coilPortion's immediate current in the time that energising is cut off increases, and sharply declines afterwards. In the sequential chart shown in Fig. 8, although with figureSequential chart shown in 3 is equally controlled by 150 degree energisings, but electric current can be zero in the timing disappearance of 180 degree. CauseThis, can not produce negative torque.

Fig. 9 is the drive circuit that represents the embodiment 2 of the SR motor 100 that drives Fig. 6 (a) and Fig. 6 (b)The figure that 200 circuit forms. Below, illustrate with Fig. 4 shown in comparative example 2 drive circuit 200 circuit formDifference.

In comparative example 2, Q phase the 2nd current controling element Dq2 is arranged on lower end and the high side group standard of Q phase coil LqBetween line HL, but in embodiment 2, Q mutually the 2nd current controling element Dq2 be arranged on Q phase coil Lq inContinue a little and between high side group directrix HL. R phase, S phase, T are also the formations mutually same with Q mutually.

In this circuit structure, after the energising of Q phase coil Lq is turned off, not the two ends from Q phase coil Lq,But discharge induced-current from the two ends of the 1Q phase coil Lq1 of portion. The turn ratio Q phase line of the 1Q phase coil Lq1 of portionThe number of turn of circle Lq is few. It in embodiment 2, is the number of turn of half. Therefore, inductance becomes half, can make energising finishAfter the current vanishes time become about half.

Figure 10 is the figure of the action timing of the drive circuit 200 of presentation graphs 9. Sequential chart shown in Figure 10 is also as Fig. 8Shown sequential chart is controlled the coil of 4 phases by 150 degree energisings like that. In embodiment 2, use the 1st lineCircle portion make magnetic energy discharge, therefore the current waveform of the current waveform of the 1st coil portion and the 2nd coil portion with shown in Fig. 8 timeOrder figure is contrary. In addition, except the 1st switch element is shared, shown in the sequential chart shown in Figure 10 and Fig. 8Sequential chart is same characteristic.

Figure 11 is the driving electricity that represents the embodiment 3 of the SR motor 100 that drives Fig. 6 (a) and Fig. 6 (b)The figure that the circuit on road 200 forms. Below, illustrate and the circuit structure of drive circuit 200 of the embodiment 2 shown in Fig. 8The difference becoming.

In embodiment 2, for Q phase, the 2nd current controling element Dq2 has adopted diode, but in embodiment 3,Do not adopt diode, but adopt Q the 3rd switch element Mq3 mutually. It should be noted that, this switch element needs alsoConnection ground connects or is formed with from the relay point of the 1Q phase coil Lq1 of portion and the 2Q phase coil Lq2 of portion to high side group standardThe direction of line HL is the diode of forward. In Figure 11, use the MOSFET of n raceway groove. The MOSFET of n raceway grooveBe formed with the parasitic diode Dp taking the direction from this relay point to high side group directrix HL as forward. R phase, S phase, TMutually also mutually same with Q, replace respectively R mutually the 2nd current controling element Dr2, S mutually the 2nd current controling element Ds2,T mutually the 2nd current controling element Dt2 and used R mutually the 3rd switch element Mr3, S mutually the 3rd switch element Ms3,T is the 3rd switch element Mt3 mutually.

Tie point and QS phase common switching element Mqs at the 1Q phase coil Lq1 of portion with the 1S phase coil Ls1 of portionBetween insert and prevent the diode Db that adverse current is used. Similarly, in the 1R phase coil Lr1 of portion and 1T phase coil portionBetween the tie point of Lt1 and RT phase common switching element Mrt, insert and prevent the diode Db that adverse current is used.

If use Q the 3rd switch element Mq3, R the 3rd switch element Mr3, S mutually the mutually mutually in the mode of normality cut-off3 switch element Ms3, T be the 3rd switch element Mt3 mutually, is same with the action timing of the embodiment 2 shown in Fig. 9.

In embodiment 3, also can shorten current rise time when coil is carried out to excitation. In embodiment 2 for exampleWhen Q phase coil Lq is carried out to excitation, make QS phase common switching element Mqs and Q the 2nd switch element Mq2 conducting mutually.In embodiment 3, make QS phase common switching element Mqs maintain cut-off state and make Q the 3rd switch element Mq3 mutuallyAnd Q the 2nd switch element Mq2 conducting mutually, at the two ends current flowing of the 2Q phase coil Lq2 of portion.

In embodiment 3, not at the two ends of Q phase coil Lq, but at the two ends of the 2Q phase coil Lq2 of portion streamThe electric current that overexcitation is used. The number of turn of the turn ratio Q phase coil Lq of the 2Q phase coil Lq2 of portion is few. In embodiment 3It is the number of turn of half. Therefore, inductance becomes half, can make energising become about half the current rise time after starting.The 1Q phase coil Lq1 of portion and the 2Q phase coil Lq2 of portion are magnetic-coupled.

Figure 12 is the figure that represents the action timing of the drive circuit 200 of Figure 11. Sequential chart shown in Figure 12 is also as Fig. 8And the sequential chart shown in Figure 10 is controlled the coil of 4 phases by 150 degree energisings like that. In the sequential shown in Figure 12In figure, QS phase common switching element Mqs and RT phase common switching element Mrt are controlled as normality cut-off. ImplementingIn example 3, flow through exciting electric current at the 2nd coil portion, do not flow through exciting electric current at the 1st coil portion. But,With coil bulk flow overexcitation is used electric current time compared with, the total amount of magnetic energy is constant, therefore flow through at the 2nd coil portionElectric current become large.

On the other hand, in the time carrying out demagnetization, make Q the 3rd switch element Mq3 cut-off mutually, make Q the 2nd switch element mutuallyMq2 cut-off, is used the 1st coil portion releasing magnetic energy. The 2nd coil portion is not used to the release of magnetic energy, therefore at energising quiltWhen shutoff, just current flowing no longer. The 1st coil portion immediate current in the time that energising is turned off increases, afterwards sharplyDecline.

In embodiment 3, accelerate the current rise time can make coil carry out excitation time, therefore can make SR motor 100High Rotation Speed.

In the circuit shown in Figure 11 forms, can switch common rotary mode and High Rotation Speed pattern and use. ,Under common rotary mode, drive SR motor 100 by the action timing shown in Figure 10, under High Rotation Speed pattern,Pressing the action timing shown in Figure 12 drives.

As described above, according to present embodiment, by reducing the faradic release during to coil demagnetizationThe number of turn using, can shorten the current vanishes time, can improve the output characteristics of SR motor 100.

(a) of Figure 13 and (b) of Figure 13 are the coil currents of coil current to comparative example and present embodimentChange the figure comparing. It should be noted that, in Figure 13 (a), Figure 13 (b), for convenience of explanationAnd describe the coil current of Q phase and R phase. (a) of Figure 13 represents the coil current of comparative example, (b) of Figure 13Represent the coil current of present embodiment. Relatively Figure 13 (a) and Figure 13 (b), the electricity of the latter's embodimentStream extinction time t2 has shortened than the former the current vanishes time t1 of comparative example. This is owing to reducing in embodimentFor the number of turn of faradic release. When the shortening amount of current vanishes time t2 just becomes the increase of excitation timeBetween t3, under the type of drive of embodiment, increase excitation time with the type of drive phase specific energy of comparative example. Therefore,The loss of potential torque reduces, and can make the output characteristics of SR motor 100 improve.

More reduce the number of turn for faradic release, just more can shorten the current vanishes time. But, the magnetic of releaseCan be constant, therefore more shorten release time, correspondingly induced voltage and faradic peak value just more increase. Now,Need to use high withstand voltage switch element and diode, circuit area and cost can increase. Designer is as long as can holdIn the circuit scale of being permitted and the scope of cost, determine the number of turn for faradic release.

It should be noted that, the shortening of current vanishes time also can by improve impose on when the demagnetization coil oppositelyVoltage is realized. But, in this case, booster circuit need to be set separately, can increase the circuit rule of drive circuitMould and cost. In the present embodiment, while not increasing the circuit scale of drive circuit and cost and just shortened current vanishesBetween.

With reference to above-mentioned embodiment, the present invention has been described above, but the present invention is not defined in above-mentioned embodiment, will be realThe scheme of executing after the appropriately combined or displacement of the formation of mode is also contained in the present invention. In addition, can also be based on this areaCombination in technical staff's the each embodiment of the suitable rearrangement of knowledge and the order of processing, and embodiment is applied respectivelyPlant the distortion such as design alteration, the embodiment that has been applied in such distortion is also contained in scope of the present invention.

In the SR of present embodiment motor 100, reduce as long as have the circle that faradic release is used as mentioned aboveThe structure of number. Be not limited to arrange in the half position of the total number of turns of coil as described above the structure of relay point.In addition, can not also that 1 relay point is set, but arrange 2.

, as long as the node of the coil that is connected at the 1st current controling element being connected with downside datum line LL (withUnder be called node A) node of the coil that is connected with the 2nd current controling element being connected with high side group directrix HLBetween (hereinafter referred to as Node B), set up following relation. Node A is arranged on than Node B by coil upper end side.The number of turn between the top and bottom of the turn ratio coil between node A and Node B is few. As long as meet this 2 conditions, justThe position of design node A and Node B arbitrarily. For example, in the circuit shown in Fig. 7 forms, node A is setIn the mid point of coil, Node B is set in to the lower end of coil.

Figure 14 is the figure of the variation 1 of the drive circuit 200 shown in presentation graphs 7. In variation 1, by node ABe set in the upper end of coil, Node B be set in to the mid point of coil.

Figure 15 is the figure of the variation 2 of the drive circuit 200 shown in presentation graphs 7. In variation 2, with Fig. 7Shown circuit forms the same, node A is set in to the mid point of coil, Node B is set in to the lower end of coil. ?In drive circuit 200 shown in Fig. 7, for Q phase, the 1st current controling element Dq1 has adopted diode, but is becomingIn shape example 2, do not use diode, but adopt Q the 4th switch element Mq4 mutually. It should be noted that this switchElement need to be connected in parallel or be formed with from downside datum line LL to the 1Q phase coil Lq1 of portion and 2Q phase coilThe direction of the relay point of the Lq2 of portion is the diode of forward. In Figure 15, use the MOSFET of n raceway groove. At n ditchIn the MOSFET in road, be formed with the parasitic diode Dp taking the direction from downside datum line LL to this relay point as forward.R phase, S phase, T are also mutually same with Q mutually, replace respectively R the 1st current controling element Dr1, S the 1st electric current mutually mutuallyMutually the 1st current controling element Dt1 and use R the 4th switch element Mr4, S the 4th open mutually mutually of control element Ds1, TClose element Ms4, T the 4th switch element Mt4 mutually.

Between the 2nd switch element Mq2, insert and prevent the diode Db that adverse current is used mutually at the 2Q phase coil Lq2 of portion and Q.Similarly, the 2R phase coil Lr2 of portion and R mutually between the 2nd switch element Mr2, the 2S phase coil Ls2 of portion withS mutually between the 2nd switch element Ms2 and between the 2T phase coil Lt2 of portion and T phase the 2nd switch element Mt2 alsoInsert and prevent the diode Db that adverse current is used respectively.

Current rise time when variation 2 also can shorten coil magnetization similarly to Example 3. In variation 2,For example, during to Q phase coil Lq excitation, make Q phase the 2nd switch element Mq2 maintain cut-off state Q the 1st is opened mutuallyClose element Mq1 and Q the 4th switch element Mq4 conducting mutually, at the two ends current flowing of the 1Q phase coil Lq1 of portion.In variation 2, also the same manner as in Example 3, be the structure that can switch common rotary mode and High Rotation Speed pattern.

In the drive circuit 200 of the comparative example 1 shown in above-mentioned Fig. 2, illustrate and used 8 MOSFET, 8 twoThe example of utmost point pipe. In addition, in the drive circuit 200 of the comparative example 2 shown in above-mentioned Fig. 4, illustrated by inciting somebody to actionThe part of circuit shares and cuts down the example of the quantity of MOSFET and diode. In comparative example 2, with comparative example 1Compare and cut down 2 MOSFET, 2 diodes. Below, the method for further cutting down number of elements is described.

Figure 16 is the driving electricity of the comparative example 3 of the SR motor 100 of (a) that represent to drive Fig. 1, Fig. 1 (b)The figure that the circuit on road 200 forms. In the bridge circuit portion 210 of comparative example 3, in the side of the positive electrode institute of dc source E1Between the downside datum line LL that the high side group directrix HL connecting and the negative side of dc source E1 are connected, in parallelDispose the Q phase coil Lq and the R phase coil Lr that are connected in series, and the S phase coil Ls and the T that are connected in seriesPhase coil Lt. Between the node between Q phase coil Lq and R phase coil Lr and S phase coil Ls and T phase coil LtBetween node, be connected, one end of 4 coils by line together.

Between the upper end of Q phase coil Lq and high side group directrix HL, be provided with Q phase switch element Mq. Q phase coil LqLower end be connected with the upper end of R phase coil Lr. Between the lower end and downside datum line LL of R phase coil Lr,Be provided with R phase switch element Mr. In comparative example 3, as Q phase switch element Mr and R phase switch element Mr, alsoAdopt the MOSFET of n channel-type.

Between the upper end and downside datum line LL of Q phase coil Lq, be provided with for edge from downside datum line LL to QThe Q phase current control element Dq of the direction current flowing of the upper end of phase coil Lq. In the lower end and height of R phase coil LrBetween side group directrix HL, be provided with for edge and flow through electricity from the lower end of R phase coil Lr to the direction of high side group directrix HLThe R phase current control element Dr of stream. In comparative example 3, as Q phase current control element Dq and the control of R phase currentElement Dr processed, has also used respectively diode.

Similarly, between the upper end and high side group directrix HL of S phase coil Ls, S phase switch element Ms is set. SThe upper end of the lower end of phase coil Ls and T phase coil Lt is connected. At lower end and the downside datum line of T phase coil LtBetween LL, T phase switch element Mt is set. In comparative example 3, as S phase switch element Ms and T phase switch unitPart Mt, has used the MOSFET of n channel-type.

Between the upper end and downside datum line LL of S phase coil Ls, be provided with for from downside datum line LL to S phase lineThe S phase current control element Ds of the direction current flowing of the upper end of circle Ls. At lower end and the high side group of T phase coil LtBetween directrix HL, be provided with the T to the direction current flowing of high side group directrix HL for the lower end from T phase coil LtPhase current control element Dt. In comparative example 3, as S phase current control element Ds and T phase current control elementDt, has also used respectively diode.

Between high side group directrix HL and downside datum line LL, be connected with the capacitor C 1 of level and smooth use. Grid control circuit220 control Q phase switch element Mq, R phase switch element Mr, S phase switch element Ms and T phase switch element Mt'sConduction and cut-off.

Figure 17 is the figure that represents the action timing of the drive circuit 200 of Figure 16. Q phase switch element Mq, R phase switchElement Mr, S phase switch element Ms and T phase switch element Mt are controlled by 180 degree energisings respectively.

In addition, Q phase switch element Mq, R phase switch element Mr, S phase switch element Ms and T phase switch element MtBeing staggered respectively 90 degree phase places drives. Specifically, the conduction period of Q phase switch element Mq opens mutually with respect to RThe conduction period quadrature lagging that closes element Mr, the conduction period of R phase switch element Mr is with respect to S phase switch elementThe conduction period quadrature lagging of Ms, conduction period the leading with respect to T phase switch element Mt of S phase switch element MsQuadrature lagging during logical, the conduction period of T phase switch element Mt is stagnant with respect to the conduction period of Q phase switch element MqRear 90 degree. Therefore, the coil of 4 phases is pressed T phase coil Lt, S phase coil Ls, R phase coil Lr, Q phase coilExcitations that the order of Lq staggers electrical angle 90 degree.

Figure 18 is the figure of the technical problem of the drive circuit 200 for Figure 16 is described. Drive with reference to representing in the lump at thisFigure 17 of the timing of the phase current flowing through in each phase coil of circuit 200 describes. Figure 18 has represented to open mutually at QClose element Mq cut-off, R phase switch element Mr conducting, the Ms conducting of S phase switch element and T phase switch element MtUnder the state of cut-off (with reference to the dotted line frame of Figure 17), what produced by the induced voltage of T phase coil Lt is faradicReturn flow path. It should be noted that, although not shown, source current is by S phase switch element Ms, S phase coilThe path flow of Ls, R phase coil Lr, R phase switch element Mr, makes S phase coil Ls and R phase coil Lr excitation.

The induced-current being produced by the induced voltage of T phase coil Lt is by T phase current control element Dt, S phase switch unitThe 1st return flow path Ig of part Ms, S phase coil Ls, T phase coil Lt and refluxing. And this induced-current is also logicalCross T phase current control element Dt, capacitor C 1, R phase current control element Dr, Q phase coil Lq, T phase coil LtThe 2nd return flow path Ib reflux. Wherein, the 1st return flow path Ig can not produce unfavorable shadow to the excitation of other phaseThe return flow path (being called in this manual below positive torque return flow path) ringing. The 2nd return flow path Ib is to itThe return flow path (being called in this manual below negative torque return flow path) that the excitation of its phase has a negative impact.

By the 2nd return flow path Ib, the back flow current of previous round flows into the negative torque of the Q phase coil Lq before excitation and (sends outElectricity) region, it becomes induced power, becomes loss. As shown in figure 17, during the energising of each phase coil before,There is the induced power losses that the back flow current of previous round produces. Below, illustrate and suppress this induced power lossesMethod.

Figure 19 is the drive circuit 200 that drives the embodiment 4 of the SR motor 100 of (a), Fig. 1 of Fig. 1 (b)Circuit form figure. Below, illustrate with Figure 16 shown in comparative example 3 drive circuit 200 circuit formDifference.

In embodiment 4, at the anode terminal of Q phase current control element Dq and the sun of S phase current control element DsBetween gate terminal and downside datum line LL, insert low side switch element Ml. Similarly, at R phase current control elementBetween the cathode terminal of the cathode terminal of Dr and T phase current control element Dt and high side group directrix HL, insert high-side switchElement Mh.

In Figure 19, as high-side switch element Mh and low side switch element Ml, use the MOSFET of n channel-type.For making not conducting of parasitic diode Dp under the cut-off state of high-side switch element Mh, high-side switch element Mh'sSource terminal is connected in high side group directrix HL, drain terminal be connected in R phase current control element Dr cathode terminal andThe cathode terminal of T phase current control element Dt. Similarly, for making under the cut-off state of low side switch element MlNot conducting of parasitic diode Dp, the drain terminal of low side switch element Ml is connected in downside datum line LL, source terminalBe connected in the anode terminal of Q phase current control element Dq and the anode terminal of S phase current control element Ds. Grid controlCircuit 220 processed is controlled Q phase switch element Mq, R phase switch element Mr, S phase switch element Ms, T phase switch elementThe conduction and cut-off of Mt, high-side switch element Mh and low side switch element Ml.

Figure 20 is the figure that represents the action timing of the drive circuit 200 of Figure 19. Q phase switch element Mq, R phase switchThe driving timing of element Mr, S phase switch element Ms and T phase switch element Mt and the driving timing phase shown in Figure 17With.

The electric current deenergized period of the induced voltage of the Q phase coil Lq after ending based on Q phase switch element Mq, for makingThe negative torque return flow path that comprises R phase coil Lr and R phase current control element Dr turn-offs, high-side switch element MhBe cut off. While beginning during the energising of R phase coil Lr, high-side switch element Mh is switched on.

The electric current deenergized period of the induced voltage of the R phase coil Lr after ending based on R phase switch element Mr, for makingThe negative torque return flow path that comprises S phase current control element Ds and S phase coil Ls turn-offs, low side switch element MlBe cut off. While beginning during the energising of S phase coil Ls, low side switch element Mh is switched on.

The electric current deenergized period of the induced voltage of the S phase coil Ls after ending based on S phase switch element Ms, for makingThe negative torque return flow path that comprises T phase coil Lt and T phase current control element Dt turn-offs, high-side switch element MhBe cut off. While beginning during the energising of T phase coil Lt, high-side switch element Mh is switched on.

The electric current deenergized period of the induced voltage of the T phase coil Lt after ending based on T phase switch element Mt, for makingThe negative torque return flow path that comprises Q phase current control element Dq and Q phase coil Lq turn-offs, low side switch element MlBe cut off. While beginning during the energising of Q phase coil Lq, low side switch element Mh is switched on.

As described above, the high-side switch element Mh under 4 phase type of drive is opened by Q mutually with low side switch element MlClose 2 overtones bands of element Mq, R phase switch element Mr, S phase switch element Ms and T phase switch element Mt complementallyConduction and cut-off.

As described above, according to embodiment 4, by make well negative torque backflow road opportunity with switch elementTurn-off in footpath, can suppress the generation of induced power. Therefore, can suppress the decline of electric efficiency. In addition, in 4 phase formulasIn situation, can drive well SR motor 100 by 6 MOSFET, 4 diodes, 4 wire harness efficiency. NeedThe circuit that is noted that embodiment 4 forms can be applicable to all 4 circuit structures of above even number phase mutually. 6Also the same with 4 phase times when above mutually, make the coil of the coil of 1 phase of upside and these 2 phases of coil of 1 phase of downsideChange combination while carry out excitation, so control.

Figure 21 is the driving electricity that represents the embodiment 5 of the SR motor 100 that drives Fig. 6 (a) and Fig. 6 (b)The figure that the circuit on road 200 forms. The drive circuit 200 of embodiment 5 is by the driving of the comparative example shown in Figure 16 3The drive circuit 200 of wanting the embodiment 1 shown in portion and Fig. 7 of circuit 200 want the circuit after portion combination.

In comparative example 3, Q phase current control element Dq is arranged on upper end and the downside datum line LL of Q phase coil LqBetween, in embodiment 5, Q phase current control element Dq is arranged on relay point and the downside benchmark of Q phase coil LqBetween line LL. Similarly, R phase current control element Dr is arranged on relay point and the high side group directrix of R phase coil LrBetween HL. Equally, S phase current control element Ds is arranged on relay point and the downside datum line LL of S phase coil LsBetween. Equally, T phase current control element Dt is arranged between the relay point and high side group directrix HL of T phase coil Lt.

Figure 22 is the figure that represents the action timing of the drive circuit 200 of Figure 21. Action timing shown in Figure 22 is to have concurrentlyThe regularly timing of the two feature of action shown in action timing shown in Fig. 8 and Figure 17. In addition embodiment 5,The effect of drive circuit 200 also will have the effect of drive circuit 200 and the driving electricity of embodiment 1 of comparative example 3 concurrentlyThe effect on road 200.

Figure 23 is the driving electricity that represents the embodiment 6 of the SR motor 100 that drives Fig. 6 (a) and Fig. 6 (b)The figure that the circuit on road 200 forms. The drive circuit 200 of embodiment 6 is by the driving of the embodiment shown in Figure 19 4The drive circuit 200 of wanting the embodiment 5 shown in portion and Figure 21 of circuit 200 want the circuit after portion combination.

Figure 24 is the figure that represents the action timing of the drive circuit 200 of Figure 23. Action timing shown in Figure 24 is to have concurrentlyThe regularly timing of the two feature of action shown in action timing shown in Figure 20 and Figure 22. In addition embodiment 6,The effect of drive circuit 200 also have the effect of drive circuit 200 and the drive circuit of embodiment 5 of embodiment 4 concurrently200 effect.

Figure 25 is the drive circuit 200 that drives the embodiment 7 of the SR motor 100 of Fig. 1 (a) and Fig. 1 (b)Circuit form figure. The drive circuit 200 of embodiment 7 is by the drive circuit of the embodiment shown in Figure 19 4 200Q phase current control element Dq, R phase current control element Dr, S phase current control element Ds and the control of T phase currentThe circuit that element Dt processed forms with IGCT replacement diode. Grid control circuit 220 passes through Q phase IGCTTq, R phase IGCT Tr, S phase IGCT Ts and T phase IGCT Tt gate terminal is separately supplied with signal,Control the conduction/non-conduction of each IGCT.

Figure 26 is the figure that represents the action timing of the drive circuit 200 of Figure 25. Action timing shown in Figure 26 is not makeWith high-side switch element Mh and low side switch element Ml, but by Q phase IGCT Tq, R phase IGCT Tr, S phaseIGCT Ts and T phase IGCT Tt realize the action timing shown in Figure 20.

By embodiment 7, also can be the same manner as in Example 4, make well to bear torque return flow path with IGCT timing and closeDisconnected, thus the generation of inhibition induced power. It should be noted that, embodiment 7 reduces MOSFET with embodiment 4 phase specific energysQuantity, but the power consumption of the gate drivers of embodiment 4 is less.

Figure 27 is the driving electricity that represents the embodiment 8 of the SR motor 100 that drives Fig. 6 (a) and Fig. 6 (b)The figure that the circuit on road 200 forms. The drive circuit 200 of embodiment 8 is by the driving of the comparative example shown in Figure 25 7The drive circuit 200 of wanting the embodiment 1 shown in portion and Fig. 7 of circuit 200 want the circuit after portion combination.

Figure 28 is the figure that represents the action timing of the drive circuit 200 of Figure 27. Action timing shown in Figure 28 is to have concurrentlyThe regularly timing of the two feature of action shown in action timing shown in Fig. 8 and Figure 26. In addition, embodiment 8The effect of drive circuit 200 also have the effect of drive circuit 200 and the drive circuit of embodiment 1 of embodiment 7 concurrently200 effect.

In the drive circuit 200 of the variation 2 shown in above-mentioned Figure 15, illustrate the embodiment shown in Fig. 71The 1st current controling element D1 (diode) of each phase of drive circuit 200 be altered to respectively the 4th switch elementThe example of M4 (MOSFET of n raceway groove). In the drive circuit 200 shown in Figure 15, have and in the time of excitation, make the 4thSwitch element M4 conducting, and make the number of turn of the coil that flows through exciting electric current become half, shorten thus on electric currentThe High Rotation Speed pattern of the time of liter. In addition, also have and in the time of excitation, do not make the 4th switch element M4 conducting, make excitationWith electric current flow through the common rotary mode of coil entirety.

High Rotation Speed pattern is the coil that makes the number of turn of the coil that flows through exciting electric current and flow through the electric current that demagnetization usesThe two all becomes the pattern of half the number of turn, the rising of electric current and decline and both become sharply (with reference to Figure 12). SeparatelyOn the one hand, under common rotary mode, be that exciting electric current flows through coil entirety, and the electric current that demagnetization is used flow through lineThe pattern of the half of circle, only the decline of electric current becomes sharply (with reference to Fig. 8). The driving of embodiment 1 shown in Fig. 7Circuit 200 is only common rotary mode. In the drive circuit 200 of the variation 2 shown in Figure 15, each by inciting somebody to actionThe 1st current controling element D1 (diode) of phase is altered to respectively the 4th switch element M4 (MOSFET of n raceway groove),Can realize 2 kinds of output characteristics. Below, explanation can realize another circuit formation of 2 kinds of output characteristics.

Figure 29 is the figure that represents the circuit formation of the drive circuit 200 of the variation of variation 2. In Figure 29, describeThe circuit of 4 phase formulas forms, but also can be applicable to other number of phases. The formation of the drive circuit 200 shown in Figure 29 is to removeFormation after the 2nd switch element M2 of the drive circuit 200 shown in Figure 15. Therefore, the driving shown in Figure 29The formation of circuit 200 reduces the quantity of MOSFET with the drive circuit 200 phase specific energys shown in Figure 15. In addition, with figureThe drive circuit 200 of the comparative example 1 shown in 2 is compared, and also can reduce the quantity of diode. Therefore, can reduce circuitScale and cost.

Drive circuit 200 shown in Figure 29 also can be realized 2 kinds of output characteristics. 1 is High Rotation Speed pattern, is and figureThe High Rotation Speed pattern of the drive circuit 200 shown in 15 is equal. Specifically, in the time of excitation, make the 1st of each phase openClose element M1 and the 2nd switch element M2 conducting, thereby make the 1st coil portion L1 flow through exciting electric current, disappearingWhen magnetic, make the 1st switch element M1 cut-off of each phase, and make the 2nd switch element M2 conducting, thereby make the 2nd coil portionL2 flows through the electric current that demagnetization is used.

Another is interrupted (chopping) pattern of 2 coils backflow. Under this pattern, in the time of excitation the 1st of each phase theUnder the state of switch element M1 conducting, make the 2nd switch element M2 alternate repetition conduction and cut-off (intermittently) of each phase.Under the state of the 1st switch element M1 conducting and the 2nd switch element M2 cut-off, electric current will be according to the 1st switchCurrent controling element D1 → 1st, coil portion L2 → 1st, coil portion L1 → 2nd, element M1 → 1st switch element M1Sequential flow cross 2 coils, reflux in this way.

Like this, under 2 coil backflow discontinuous mode, by alternate repetition the 1st switch element M1 and the 2nd switch elementThe excited state of M2 conducting, and the reflux state of the 1st switch element M1 conducting and the 2nd switch element M2 cut-off. ?Magnetic flux constant in energy under excited state and reflux state, the number of turn of the coil that electric current flows through under reflux state is double.Therefore,, under reflux state, the electric current that flows through the 1st coil portion L1 and the 2nd coil portion L2 becomes half. To encourageElectric current after the electric current flowing through under magnetic state and the electric current equalization that flows through under reflux state, also than at high-speed rotary revolving dieThe electric current flowing through when the excitation of formula is low. In the time of demagnetization, the same with High Rotation Speed pattern, the 1st switch element M1 is cutOnly, and make the 2nd switch element M2 conducting, make to flow through the electric current that demagnetization is used in the 2nd coil portion L2. In discontinuous modeUnder, can recently change output characteristics by the duty that changes conduction and cut-off.

Figure 30 (a)-(c) is that the output characteristics of the drive circuit 200 shown in Fig. 2, Figure 15, Figure 29 is carried outFigure relatively. It should be noted that, (c) of Figure 30 makes the drive circuit of Figure 29 move by dutycycle 50%Figure. Transverse axis represents torque, and the longitudinal axis represents rotating speed/electric current. Shown in Fig. 2 shown in (a) of Figure 30, driving electricityIn the situation on road 200, pattern is a kind. In the feelings of drive circuit 200 shown in the Figure 15 shown in (b) of Figure 30Under condition, there is these two kinds of common rotary mode and High Rotation Speed patterns. Shown in the Figure 29 shown in (c) of Figure 30In the situation of drive circuit 200, there are these two kinds of High Rotation Speed pattern and 2 coil backflow discontinuous mode.

By the output characteristics of the common rotary mode shown in the output characteristics shown in Figure 30 (a) and Figure 30 (b)Compare knownly, the latter's output has improved several percentage with respect to the former. That is, can shorten the current vanishes time, addLong excitation time, result the latter's rotating speed has improved several percentage. By the output characteristics shown in Figure 30 (a) withThe output characteristics of the High Rotation Speed pattern shown in Figure 30 (b) is compared known, and the latter's rotating speed becomes with respect to the formerApproximately 2 times.

High Rotation Speed pattern shown in the output characteristics of the High Rotation Speed pattern of Figure 30 (b) and (c) of Figure 30Output characteristics is almost identical. 2 coils shown in the output characteristics of Figure 30 (a) and (c) of Figure 30 refluxThe output characteristics of discontinuous mode is almost identical.

Like this, in the case of the drive circuit 200 shown in Figure 29, can realize at low cost and possess the High Rotation Speed of comprisingPattern is at the drive circuit 200 of 2 kinds of interior output characteristics. In addition, under 2 coil backflow discontinuous mode, can be only withThe conducting of the 2nd switch element and cut-off change High Rotation Speed pattern and 2 coil backflow discontinuous mode, therefore grid controlThe structure of device can become simple and easy.

Also can form the drive circuit of the reluctance motor of following scheme.

The drive circuit of the reluctance motor of a scheme of the present invention is to comprise having the stator of multiple prominent utmost points and having multiple prominentThe drive circuit of the reluctance motor of the rotor of the utmost point, it comprises: the 1st switch element, is arranged on the prominent of stator or rotorExtremely go up between the high side group directrix that the 1st end of the coil being wound around and the side of the positive electrode of power supply be connected; The 2nd switch element,Be arranged between the downside datum line that the 2nd end of coil and the negative side of power supply be connected; Be used for making from low side groupDirectrix is to the 1st current controling element of the 1st tie point current flowing of coil; Connect from the 2nd of coil for makingPoint is to the 2nd current controling element of high side group directrix current flowing. The 1st tie point of coil is arranged on than the 2nd and connectsPoint is distolateral by the 1st, between turn ratio the 1st end between the 1st tie point and the 2nd tie point of coil and the 2nd endThe number of turn is few. Can be the formation that coil is wound in the prominent utmost point of stator, can be also the structure that is wound in the prominent utmost point of rotorBecome.

According to this scheme, can be in the time of coil demagnetization discharge induced-current with the less number of turn, can foreshorten to current vanishesDuring this time. Therefore, can guarantee the excitation time grown can improve output characteristics.

The 1st current controling element can be that anode terminal is connected in downside datum line, and cathode terminal is connected in of coilThe 1st diode of 1 tie point. The 2nd current controling element can be the 2nd tie point that anode terminal is connected in coil,Cathode terminal is connected in the 2nd diode of high side group directrix. Thus, the feedback path can form coil demagnetization time.

Can be that the 1st tie point is located at the 1st end, the 2nd tie point be located at the mid point of coil. It can be the 1st companyContact is located at the mid point of coil, and the 2nd tie point is located at the 2nd end of coil. Thus, can make the relay point of coilIt is 1.

The 2nd current controling element can be the 3rd switch element that forms in parallel or be connected with diode. Can be onlineEnclose by during at least a portion of excitation the 2nd switch element and the 3rd switch element conducting, the 1st switch element cut-off.Thus, the current rise time can shorten coil magnetization time.

The 2nd tie point of coil can be arranged between the 1st tie point and the 2nd end. The 1st current controling element canIt is the 4th switch element that forms in parallel or be connected with diode. Can be during coil be by least a portion of excitation,The 4th switch element and the 1st switch element conducting, the 2nd switch element cut-off. Thus, can shorten coil magnetization timeCurrent rise time.

In addition can also form, the drive circuit of the reluctance motor of following scheme.

Comprise a drive circuit that there is the stator of multiple prominent utmost points and there is the reluctance motor of the rotor of multiple prominent utmost points, bagDraw together:

The 1st switch element, is arranged on dashing forward of the 1st stator or the 1st rotor and extremely goes up the 1st of the 1st coil being wound aroundBetween the high side group directrix that the side of the positive electrode of end and power supply is connected,

The 2nd switch element, is arranged on dashing forward of the 2nd stator or the 2nd rotor and extremely goes up the 2nd of the 2nd coil being wound aroundBetween the downside datum line that the negative side of end and power supply is connected,

The 3rd switch element, is arranged on dashing forward of the 3rd stator or the 3rd rotor and extremely goes up the 1st of the 3rd coil being wound aroundBetween end and described high side group directrix,

The 4th switch element, is arranged on dashing forward of the 4th stator or the 4th rotor and extremely goes up the 2nd of the 4th coil being wound aroundBetween end and described downside datum line,

The 1st current controling element, for making described the 1st end stream from described downside datum line to described the 1st coilOvercurrent,

The 2nd current controling element, for making from described the 2nd end of described the 2nd coil to described high side group directrix streamOvercurrent,

The 3rd current controling element, for making described the 1st end stream from described downside datum line to described the 3rd coilOvercurrent, and

The 4th current controling element, for making from described the 2nd end of described the 4th coil to described high side group directrix streamOvercurrent;

The 2nd end of the 2nd end of described the 1st coil, the 1st end of described the 2nd coil, described the 3rd coil andThe 1st end of described the 4th coil is electrically connected;

Can by described the 1st current controling element, described the 2nd current controling element, described the 3rd current controling element,And described the 1st current controling element is controlled to respectively non-conduction state.

In addition, also can form the drive circuit of the reluctance motor of following scheme.

And comprise:

The 5th switch element, be arranged on described the 1st Current Control terminal and described the 3rd Current Control terminal with described inBetween downside datum line, and

The 6th switch element, be arranged on described the 2nd Current Control terminal and described the 4th Current Control terminal with described inBetween high side group directrix.

(label declaration)

10--stator, Lq--Q phase coil, Lq1--1Q phase coil portion, Lq2--2Q phase coil portion, Lr--RPhase coil, Ls--S phase coil, Lt--T phase coil, Mq1--Q is the 1st switch element mutually, and Mq2--Q is the 2nd switch mutuallyElement, Dq1--Q is the 1st current controling element mutually, and Dq2--Q is the 2nd current controling element mutually, C1--capacity, E1--Dc source, 20--rotor, 100--SR motor, 200--drive circuit, 210--bridge circuit portion, the control of 220--gridCircuit processed, the high side group directrix of HL--, LL--downside datum line.

(industrial utilizability)

The present invention can be used in reluctance motor.

Claims

1. comprise a drive circuit that there is the stator of multiple prominent utmost points and there is the reluctance motor of the rotor of multiple prominent utmost points,It is characterized in that, comprising:

At least a portion for the prominent extremely upper coil being wound around to described stator or described rotor flows through exciting electric currentThe 1st path, and

For flowing through from the inconsistent different part of described at least a portion electric current that demagnetization uses to described coilThe 2nd path.

2. the drive circuit of reluctance motor as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, comprising:

The 1st switch element, the 1st end that is arranged on described coil and the high side group directrix of side of the positive electrode that is connected in power supplyBetween,

Current controling element, is arranged between the 2nd end and described high side group directrix of described coil, for make fromDescribed coil is to described high side group directrix current flowing, and

The 2nd switch element, the tie point midway that is arranged on described coil and the negative side that is connected in described power supplyBetween downside datum line.

3. the drive circuit of reluctance motor as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that,

Have when to described coil magnetization, the pattern of described the 1st switch element and described the 2nd switch element conducting,Pattern with described the 1st switch element conducting and described the 2nd switch element alternate repetition conduction and cut-off.

4. the drive circuit of reluctance motor as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, comprising:

The 2nd switch element, the 2nd end that is arranged on described coil and the low side group of negative side that is connected in described power supplyBetween directrix,

The 1st current controling element, for making the 1st tie point midway from described downside datum line to described coilCurrent flowing, and

The 2nd current controling element, for making from being positioned at than described the 1st tie point of described coil more by the described the 2ndThe 2nd tie point of end is to described high side group directrix current flowing.

5. the drive circuit of reluctance motor as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that,

Described the 1st current controling element is that anode terminal is connected in described downside datum line, described in cathode terminal is connected inThe 1st diode of the described tie point of coil;

Described the 2nd current controling element is the described tie point that anode terminal is connected in described coil, and cathode terminal connectsIn the 2nd diode of described high side group directrix.

6. the drive circuit of reluctance motor as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that,

Described the 1st current controling element is the 3rd switch element that forms in parallel or be connected with diode;

7. the drive circuit of the reluctance motor as described in claim 1,4 or 6, is characterized in that,

There are 2 the different patterns of the number of turn that use when to described coil magnetization.

8. the drive circuit of the reluctance motor as described in any one of claim 4 to 6, is characterized in that,

Described the 1st switch element, described the 2nd switch element, described the 1st current controling element and described the 2nd electric currentControl element is to arrange respectively mutually for the each of described stator;

Described the 1st switch element of non-repetitive multiple phases or described the 2nd switch element quilt during the excitation of described coilShare.

9. comprise a drive circuit that there is the stator of multiple prominent utmost points and there is the reluctance motor of the rotor of multiple prominent utmost points,It is characterized in that, comprising:

The 1st path, extremely goes up in the coil being wound around the prominent of described stator or described rotor, flows through from being connected in power supplyThe high side group directrix of side of the positive electrode via at least a portion of described coil towards the negative side that is connected in described power supplyThe electric current of downside datum line,

The 2nd path, flows through from described downside datum line via inconsistent with described at least a portion of described coilWith a part and towards the electric current of described high side group directrix, and

Switching device shifter, switches the connection in described the 1st path and described the 2nd path;

The inductance in described the 2nd path is below the inductance in described the 1st path;

In described the 1st path and described the 2nd path, mobile electric current towards being identical in described coil.

10. a reluctance motor system, is characterized in that, possesses:

Comprise the reluctance motor that there is the stator of multiple prominent utmost points and there is the rotor of multiple prominent utmost points, and

Drive the drive circuit described in any one of claim 1 to 9 of described reluctance motor.