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CN104145412B - 用于与调光器对接的自适应电流控制定时和响应电流控制 - Google Patents

用于与调光器对接的自适应电流控制定时和响应电流控制 Download PDF

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CN104145412B
CN104145412B CN201280061978.8A CN201280061978A CN104145412B CN 104145412 B CN104145412 B CN 104145412B CN 201280061978 A CN201280061978 A CN 201280061978A CN 104145412 B CN104145412 B CN 104145412B
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input voltage
phase input
dimmer
cycle
electric current
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CN104145412A (zh
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何朝辉
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Koninklijke Philips NV
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Cirrus Logic Inc
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H05B45/30—Driver circuits
    • H05B45/37—Converter circuits
    • H05B45/3725—Switched mode power supply [SMPS]
    • H05B45/385—Switched mode power supply [SMPS] using flyback topology
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/42—Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
    • H02M1/4208—Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input
    • H02M1/4258—Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input using a single converter stage both for correction of AC input power factor and generation of a regulated and galvanically isolated DC output voltage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/44—Circuits or arrangements for compensating for electromagnetic interference in converters or inverters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33507—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33507—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters
    • H02M3/33523—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters with galvanic isolation between input and output of both the power stage and the feedback loop
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M5/00—Conversion of AC power input into AC power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases
    • H02M5/02—Conversion of AC power input into AC power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into DC
    • H02M5/04—Conversion of AC power input into AC power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into DC by static converters
    • H02M5/22—Conversion of AC power input into AC power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into DC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M5/25—Conversion of AC power input into AC power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into DC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a thyratron or thyristor type requiring extinguishing means
    • H02M5/257—Conversion of AC power input into AC power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into DC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a thyratron or thyristor type requiring extinguishing means using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M5/2573—Conversion of AC power input into AC power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into DC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a thyratron or thyristor type requiring extinguishing means using semiconductor devices only with control circuit
    • H02M5/2576—Conversion of AC power input into AC power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into DC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a thyratron or thyristor type requiring extinguishing means using semiconductor devices only with control circuit with digital control
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output; Conversion of DC power input into AC power output
    • H02M7/02—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/04—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/12—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/21—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/217—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H05B45/10—Controlling the intensity of the light
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0003—Details of control, feedback or regulation circuits
    • H02M1/0006—Arrangements for supplying an adequate voltage to the control circuit of converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0048—Circuits or arrangements for reducing losses
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33561—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having more than one ouput with independent control
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33569—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
    • H02M3/33576—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output with intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate AC using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements having at least one active switching element at the secondary side of an isolation transformer
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B20/00—Energy efficient lighting technologies, e.g. halogen lamps or gas discharge lamps
    • Y02B20/30—Semiconductor lamps, e.g. solid state lamps [SSL] light emitting diodes [LED] or organic LED [OLED]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
  • Circuit Arrangement For Electric Light Sources In General (AREA)

Abstract

在至少一个实施方式中，电子系统适应舍相输入电压的半线周期的电流控制定时且响应地控制功率转换器系统中的调光器电流。例如，自适应电流控制时间和响应电流控制提供了与调光器的对接。电子系统和方法包括：调光器、开关功率转换器、以及控制开关功率转换器并控制调光器电流的控制器。在至少一个实施方式中，控制器确定预测的从过零点直至舍相输入电压的前沿的时间段，然后响应地控制调光器电流，例如，以减少电流和电压扰动(称为“振铃”)，提高效率，以及减少由各种电路元件处理的平均功率值。

Description

用于与调光器对接的自适应电流控制定时和响应电流控制
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求2012年12月14日提交的美国专利申请号13/715,584的权益，本申请要求2011年12月14日提交的美国临时申请号61/570,554的权益，通过引用将两专利申请的全部内容结合于此。
技术领域
本发明一般涉及电子领域，更具体地，涉及提供用于与调光器对接的自适应电流控制定时和响应电流控制的方法与系统。
背景技术
电子系统利用调光器来修改输送给负载的输出功率。例如，在照明系统中，调光器为照明系统提供输入信号，并且负载包括一个或多个光源，诸如一个或多个发光二极管(LED)或一个或多个荧光光源。调光器也可用于修改输送给其他类型负载的功率，诸如一个或多个电机或一个或多个便携式电源。输入信号表示使照明系统调整输送给灯的功率的调光电平，因此，根据调光电平，增加或减少灯的亮度。存在许多不同类型的调光器。一般地，调光器使用数字或模拟编码调光信号，该数字或模拟编码调光信号指示所期望的调光电平。例如，一些基于模拟的调光器利用三端(triode)交流(“三端双向可控硅，triac”)设备来调制交流(“AC”)电源电压的每个周期的相位角。电源电压的“调制相位角”通常也被称为对电源电压进行“斩波”或“舍相”。对电源电压进行舍相(phase cutting，切相)使供应给照明系统的电压迅速将其转为“ON(导通)”和“OFF(截止)”，从而控制输送给照明系统的平均功率。
图1示出照明系统100，该照明系统100包括前沿(leading edge)基于三端双向可控硅的调光器102。图2示出与照明系统100相关联的理想、示例性电压曲线图200。参考图1和图2，照明系统100从电压源104接收AC电源电压VSUPPLY。例如，由电压波形202所示的电源电压VSUPPLY在美利坚合众国为标称60Hz/110V线电压或在欧洲为标称50Hz/220V线电压。前沿调光器对电源电压VSUPPLY的每半个周期的前沿进行舍相，诸如前沿204和206。因为电源电压VSUPPLY的各半个周期为电源电压VSUPPLY的180度，所以前沿调光器以大于0度且小于180度的角度对电源电压VSUPPLY进行舍相。一般地，前沿调光器102的电压舍相范围大约为10度至170度。前沿调光器102可以为任何类型的前沿调光器，诸如可从宾夕法尼亚州库珀斯堡市的路创电子公司(“Lutron”)购得的基于三端双向可控硅的前沿调光器。基于三端双向可控硅的前沿调光器在2010年8月17日提交的题目为“Dimmer Output Emulation”的美国专利申请号12/858,164的背景技术部分中进行了说明，并且发明人为约翰·L·梅兰逊(JohnL.Melanson)。
三端双向可控硅106充当电压驱动型开关，并且三端双向可控硅106的栅极端子108控制第一端子110与第二端子112之间的电流流动。当栅极电压VG达到击发(firing)阈值电压值VF并且第一端子110和第二端子112两端存在电压电位时，栅极端子108上的栅极电压VG将使三端双向可控硅106转为ON并传导电流iDIM。各个半个周期202和204在相应时刻t0和t2的开始起，调光器输出电压VΦ_DIM为0伏特，直至栅极电压VG达到击发阈值电压值VF。调光器输出电压VΦ_DIM表示调光器102的输出电压。在时间段TOFF，调光器102对电源电压VSUPPLY进行斩波，使得调光器输出电压VΦ_DIM在时间段TOFF保持在0伏特。在时刻t1，栅极电压VG达到击发阈值VF，从而三端双向可控硅106开始导通。一旦三端双向可控硅106转为ON，调光器电压VΦ_DIM在时间段TON期间跟踪电源电压VSUPPLY。一旦三端双向可控硅106导通，不管栅极电压VG的值如何，只要电流iDIM维持在保持电流值HC以上，三端双向可控硅106就继续传导电流iDIM。保持电流值HC为三端双向可控硅106的物理特性的函数。一旦电流iDIM下降至保持电流值HC以下，即，iDIM<HC，三端双向可控硅106就转为“OFF”，即，停止导通，直至栅极电压VG再次达到击发阈值VF。保持电流值HC一般足够低，使得理想地，当电源电压VSUPPLY在半周期202的时刻t2的结束附近处大约为0伏特时，电流iDIM下降至保持电流值HC以下。
可变电阻器114与并联连接的电阻器116和电容器118串联形成定时电路115以控制时刻t1，在时刻t1处，栅极电压VG达到击发阈值VF。增加可变电阻器114的电阻值增大时间TOFF，减少可变电阻器114的电阻值减小时间TOFF。可变电阻器114的电阻值有效地设定灯122的调光值。双向开关二极管(Diac)119提供流入三端双向可控硅106的栅极端子108的电流。调光器102还包括电感扼流圈120以平滑调光器输出电压VΦ_DIM。基于三端双向可控硅的调光器102还包括连接在三端双向可控硅106和电感器120两端的电容器121以减少电磁干扰。
理想地，在电源电压VSUPPLY的每半个周期对调光器输出电压VΦ_DIM的相位角进行调制有效地在时间段TOFF期间将灯122转为OFF并且在时间段TON期间将灯122转为ON。因此，理想地，调光器102根据调光器输出电压VΦ_DIM有效地控制供应给灯122的平均能量。
照明系统100包括具有电阻器、电感器、电容器(RLC)网络124的功率转换器123，以将调光器电压VΦ_DIM转换为大致恒定的电压，因此，在给定调光器相位角将大致恒定的电流Iout提供给恒流灯122。基于三端双向可控硅的调光器102在许多情况下充分发挥作用。基于三端双向可控硅的调光器102在时间TOFF期间利用“粘着(glue)”电流对定时电路适当充电。此外，包括控制器的电子调光器，例如“智能”调光器，利用时间TOFF期间的电流向电子调光器提供电力。在时间TOFF内提供粘着电流给调光器通常认为是不可避免发生的。
发明内容
在本发明的一个实施方式中，一种方法，包括：预测在至功率转换器系统的舍相输入电压的周期期间预期在所述舍相输入电压的前沿之前出现的时间段。该方法进一步包括：在所述舍相输入电压的所述周期期间，至少通过所预测的预期在所述舍相输入电压的所述前沿之前出现的所述时间段主动地控制通过调光器传导的电流的递减过渡率。
在本发明的另一个实施方式中，一种装置，包括：控制器，该控制器被配置为：预测在至功率转换器系统的舍相输入电压的周期期间预期在所述舍相输入电压的前沿之前出现的时间段。该控制器进一步被配置为在所述舍相输入电压的所述周期期间，至少通过所预测的预期在所述舍相输入电压的所述前沿之前出现的所述时间段主动地控制通过调光器传导的电流的递减过渡率。
在本发明的又一个实施方式中，一种装置，包括：负载、开关功率转换器、以及耦接至开关功率转换器和负载的控制器。控制器被配置为：预测在至功率转换器系统的舍相输入电压的周期期间预期在所述舍相输入电压的前沿之前出现的时间段。该控制器进一步被配置为在所述舍相输入电压的所述周期期间，至少通过所预测的预期在所述舍相输入电压的所述前沿之前出现的所述时间段主动地控制通过调光器传导的电流的递减过渡率。
附图说明
通过参考附图，可更好地理解本发明，并且其许多目的、特征和优点对于本领域技术人员变得显而易见。通篇几个图中，使用相同附图标记表示相同或相似元件。
图1(标有现有技术)示出包括前沿调光器的照明系统。
图2(标有现有技术)示出与图1中照明系统相关联的示例性电压曲线图。
图3示出包括根据自适应定时及响应电流控制来控制电流的控制器的电子系统。
图4示出了表示图3中电子系统的一个实施方式的电子系统。
图5示出自适应定时及响应电流控制处理。
图6至图8示出由图4的电子系统和图6的处理生成的示例性波形。
图9示出示例性过零点检测器和前沿(LE)定时模块。
图10示出示例性响应电流控制模块。
具体实施方式
在至少一个实施方式中，电子系统自适应用于舍相输入电压的半线周期的电流控制定时且响应地控制功率转换器系统中的调光器电流。例如，自适应电流控制定时及响应电流控制与调光器对接。电子系统及方法包括调光器、开关功率转换器、及控制开关功率转换器且控制调光器电流的控制器。在至少一个实施方式中，该控制器根据过零点直至舍相输入电压的前沿确定预测时间段，然后响应地控制调光器电流，以例如减少电流和电压扰动(称为“振铃”)，提高效率，以及减少由多个电路组件处理的平均电量。
对于基于三端双向可控硅的调光器，在舍相输入电压半线周期从半线周期到达过零点的时刻直到到达舍相输入电压前沿的期间(称为“TOFF”)，调光器未导通，因此，在导通之前对电源电压进行舍相。在非导通期间TOFF，为了对调光器的定时电路适当地再充电，调光器电流具有粘着值(glue value)且在该非导通阶段有时称为“粘着电流”。例如，粘着值通过调光器从10mA到300mA变化。当调光器的输出电压(称为舍相电压“VΦ_DIM”)达到击发电压VF电平时，调光器击发(即，开始导通)，并且传导具有击发值的调光器电流，且在这种情况下有时称为“击发电流”。典型击发值为5mA-50mA。因此，击发值通常小于粘着值。常规地，调光器电流几乎立即从粘着电流值过渡为击发电流值。因此，当调光器电流从粘着电流过渡为击发电流时，出现陡峭调光器电流过渡。陡峭过渡在电子系统的电阻器-电感器-电容器(“RLC网络”)中可导致不期望的振铃。
在至少一个实施方式中，控制器监测舍相输入电压以确定舍相电压的前沿何时出现。控制器利用何时出现一个或多个前沿的历史来在至开关功率转换器的舍相输入电压的当前或未来周期期间预测预期舍相输入电压的前沿之前出现的时间段。然后，在舍相输入电压周期期间，控制器至少通过预测的预期舍相输入电压的前沿出现之前的时间段主动地控制通过调光器传导的调光器电流的递减过渡率。
图3示出包括产生控制信号CS，以控制功率转换器系统306的开关功率转换器304的控制器302的电子系统300。控制器302根据自适应定时和响应电流控制来控制电流。电压源301供应电源电压VSUPPLY给电子系统300。在至少一个实施方式中，电压源301可为足以给负载316供电的任何电压源，并且在至少一个实施方式中与电压源104相同。调光器312对电源电压VSUPPLY进行舍相以产生至功率转换器系统306的舍相输入电压VΦ_DIM。在至少一个实施方式中，调光器312为基于三端双向可控硅的调光器，诸如调光器102。开关功率转换器304可为任何类型的开关功率转换器，诸如升压、反激式、升降压型或丘克(Cúk)型开关功率转换器。负载316可为任何类型的负载，诸如包括一个或多个发光二极管的负载。
控制器302包括预测电流控制定时模块308，以预测在预期前沿(诸如至功率转换器系统306的舍相输入电压VΦ_DIM的前沿204(图2)或舍相输入电压VΦ_DIM的整流版本)发生时之前的时间段。控制器302还包括响应电流控制模块310，所述响应电流控制模块310接收前沿预测信号LEP。响应电流控制模块310利用前沿预测信号LEP以至少通过预期在舍相输入电压VΦ_DIM的前沿之前出现的预测时间段主动地控制通过调光器312传导的调光器电流iDIM的递减过渡率。如随后更详细地说明的，在至少一个实施方式中，通过主动地控制调光器电流iDIM的过渡率，在电阻器-电感器-电容器(“RLC”)网络314中的电位振铃减少。
图4示出电子系统400，所述电子系统400表示电子系统300的一个实施方式。功率转换器系统401包括全桥整流器402，所述全桥整流器402对舍相输入电压VΦ_DIM进行整流以产生经整流的舍相输入电压VΦ_DIM，所述功率转换器系统401表示功率转换器系统306的一个实施方式。寄生电阻器404、电感器406及电容器408和410表示RLC网络412，所述RLC网络412表示RLC网络314的一个实施方式。开关功率转换器304接收链电压VL并为负载316产生输出电压VOUT。
电子系统400包括控制器414，所述控制器414包括预测电流控制定时模块416。预测电流控制定时模块416表示预测电流控制定时模块308的一个实施方式(图3)。预测电流控制定时模块416预测在前沿(诸如舍相输入电压VΦ_R的前沿204(图2))被预期出现时之前的时间段。控制器414还包括响应电流控制模块418，所述响应电流控制模块418接收前沿预测信号LEP。响应电流控制模块418利用前沿预测信号LEP至少通过预期在舍相输入电压VΦ_R的前沿之前出现的预测时间段主动地控制通过调光器312传导的调光器电流iDIM的递减过渡率。
图5示出自适应定时和响应电流控制
处理500。参考图4和图5，在至少一个实施方式中，预测电流控制定时模块416和响应电流控制模块418根据自适应定时和响应电流控制处理500进行操作。图6示出舍相输入电压VΦ_R的两个半线周期HLC(n-1)和HLC(n)和已整流调光器电流iΦ_R的示例性波形600。“n”为索引引用，HLC(n)为舍相输入电压VΦ_R的当前半线周期，HLC(n-1)为舍相输入电压VΦ_R的紧邻前一个半线周期，以此类推。参考图4、图5和图6，在操作502中，过零点检测器和前沿(LE)定时模块420对HLC(n-x)至HLC(n-y)的(y-x)个半线周期检测过零点，其中“y”为大于或等于“x”的正整数，“x”也为正整数。“过零点”是在舍相输入电压VΦ_R约为0V时。LE预测器422利用半线周期的过零点与前沿之间的经过时间来预测当前半线周期HLC(n)的前沿将出现的时间。“x”和“y”的具体值是设计选择的问题。
在至少一个实施方式中，如图6所示，“x”和“y”的值都为1，这表示过零点检测器和LE定时模块420利用紧邻前一半线周期HLC(n-1)来预测当前半线周期HLC(n)的前沿的出现。在至少一个实施方式中，过零点检测器和前沿(LE)定时模块420检测半线周期HLC(n-1)的过零点ZC(n-1)。在操作504中，当检测到过零点ZC(n-1)时，响应电流控制模块418将调光器电流iΦ_R设定为预定“粘着值”。当调光器电流iΦ_R设定为粘着值时，调光器电流iΦ_R有时称为“粘着电流”。示例性粘着值为10mA至300mA。在操作506中，过零点检测器和前沿(LE)定时模块420检测半线周期HLC(n-x)至HLC(n-y)的前沿时间。在至少一个实施方式中，操作506确定HLC(n-1)的前沿LE(n-1)出现。当检测到过零点ZC(n-1)且半线周期HLC(n-1)的前沿LE(n-1)出现时，在操作508中，过零点检测器和前沿(LE)定时模块420确定时间段TOFF(n)-1，所述时间段TOFF(n)-1表示出现ZC(n-1)与LE(n-1)之间经过时间。过零点检测器和前沿(LE)定时模块420提供时间段TOFF(n-1)给LE预测器422。在操作508中，LE预测器422将半线周期HLC(n)的前沿出现时间段预测为TOFF(n-1)减去偏移值TOS(n)，并且相减结果称为“预测的TOFF(n)P”。在至少一个实施方式中，LE预测器422将预测的TOFF(n)P存储于存储器(未示出)中，并且响应电流控制模块418在存储器检索预测的TOFF(n)P。在至少一个实施方式中，LE预测器422提供预测的TOFF(n)P给响应电流控制模块422。
偏移值TOS(n)为当前半线周期HLC(n)的前沿提供相对于半线周期的过零点早于紧邻前一线周期HLC(n-1)的前沿出现的的误差裕度。偏移值TOS(n)的具体选择是设计选择的问题。在至少一个实施方式中，偏移值TOS(n)设定为固定值，诸如400μsec。在至少一个实施方式中，LE预测器422基于对N个先前半线周期测量的调光器非导通持续时间来确定偏移值TOS(n)，其中N为大于或等于2的整数。在至少一个实施方式中，LE预测器422确定调光器非导通状态的实际持续时间的趋势，并且利用所述趋势来确定偏移值TOS(n)。在至少一个实施方式中，为了利用所述趋势来确定偏移值TOS(n)，LE预测器422为舍相输入电压VΦ_R(或VΦ_DIM)的一组N个周期确定调光器非导通状态时间段TOFF(n-1)A至TOFF(n-N)A的实际持续时间的变化率，并且将所述变化率应用于前一个偏移值TOS(n)-1以确定当前偏移TOS(n)的值，使得当前偏移TOS(n)与前一个偏移TOS(n-1)之间的变化率与调光器非导通状态的实际持续时间的变化大致相同。在操作510中，过零点检测器和前沿(LE)定时模块420确定实际时间段TOFF(n)A，并且将实际时间段TOFF(n)A的值存储于存储器(未示出)中，或将实际时间段TOFF(n)A提供给响应电流控制模块418。
当前半线周期HLC(n)的前沿相对于先前过零点比前一个半线周期HLC(n-1)的前沿更早、同时或更晚出现。在至少一个实施方式中，前沿出现为调光器312的调光设定的函数。根据当前半线周期HLC(n)的过零点ZC(n)与前沿LE(n)之间的实际经过时间段TOFF(n)A是否等于或短于或长于预测TOFF(n)P，响应电流控制模块418作出不同地响应，如随后更详细的说明。
在操作512中，响应电流控制模块418确定实际时间段TOFF(n)A是否大于预测时间段TOFF(n)P。如果实际时间段TOFF(n)A大于预测时间段TOFF(n)P，那么响应电流控制模块418执行操作514，以使调光器电流iΦ_R从粘着值过渡为较低击发电流值。调光器电流iΦ_R的击发电流值为当调光器312开始导通时调光器电流iΦ_R的值。自适应定时和响应电流控制程序500然后返回至操作502，并且对于舍相输入电压VΦ_R的下一个半线周期进行重复操作。
波形600示出当前半线周期HLC(n)的过零点ZC(n)与前沿LE(n)之间的实际经过时间段TOFF(n)A比当前半线周期HLC(n)的过零点ZC(n)与前沿LE(n)之间减去偏移TOS(n)的预测经过时间段TOFF(n)P更长的操作512情况。在操作512中，响应电流控制模块418主动地控制调光器电流iΦ_R以使调光器电流iΦ_R从粘着值过渡为击发值。过渡的具体速率是设计选择的问题。在至少一个实施方式中，过渡的速率足够快，调光器电流iΦ_R应当在半线周期HLC(n)的前沿实际出现之前达到击发值。在至少一个实施方式中，击发值等于“附加电流”值，例如击发值为50mA。附加状态开始于前沿LE(n)处且在自前沿LE(n)起的初始电荷传输时期期间出现。在至少一个实施方式中，在无附加电流的情况下，如果调光器电流iΦ_R在前沿LE(n)之前自始至终过渡为保持电流值，那么功率转换器系统402可呈现足够大的输入阻抗，所述输入阻抗充分地阻尼RLC网络412。
图7示出当在叠加情况下当前前沿LE(n)将在前一个前沿LE(n-1)之前出现时当前半个周期HLC(n)的示例性波形700。参考图4、图5和图7，在操作512中，如果过零点检测器和前沿(LE)定时模块420检测到当前前沿LE(n)，且响应电流控制模块418确定实际时间段TOFF(n)A小于或等于预测TOFF(n)P，如图7所示，那么调光器312在预测时间段TOFF(n)P结束之前开始导通。因此，调光器电流iΦ_R的粘着值与击发值相同，如操作516所示。在操作518中，响应电流控制模块418使调光器电流iΦ_R过渡为附加电流值，然后过渡为保持电流值。自适应定时和响应电流控制处理500然后返回至操作502，并且对于舍相输入电压VΦ_R的下一个半线周期进行重复操作。
图8示出当在叠加情况下当前前沿LE(n)将在前一个前沿LE(n-1)之前出现时当前半个周期HLC(n)的示例性波形800。参考图4、图5和图8，对于波形700和800，舍相输入电压VΦ_R为相同。然而，当在操作512中，过零点检测器和前沿(LE)定时模块420检测到当前前沿LE(n)，且响应电流控制模块418确定实际时间段TOFF(n)A小于或等于预测TOFF(n)P时，在操作518中，响应电流控制模块418使调光器电流iΦ_R过渡为比在波形700中调光器电流iΦ_R的附加电流值更高的附加电流值。较高附加电流值为调光器电流iΦ_R提供从粘着值到保持值的较平滑过渡。在至少一个实施方式中，较平滑过渡有助于防止调光器312过早断开连接。自适应定时和响应电流控制程序500然后返回至操作502，并且对于舍相输入电压VΦ_R的下一个半线周期进行重复操作。可附加地，在至少一个实施方式中，不仅附加电流值增加，在至少一个实施方式中，响应电流控制模块418主动地控制在附加电流处的调光器电流iΦ_R的持续时间，并且一般增加持续时间，以有助于确保调光器电流iΦ_R从附加值到保持值的平滑过渡。
图9示出过零点检测器和前沿(LE)定时模块900，所述过零点检测器和前沿(LE)定时模块900表示过零点检测器和前沿(LE)定时模块420的一个实施方式。比较器902比较舍相输入电压VΦ_R的感测版本与已知阈值VTH。在至少一个实施方式中，阈值在0V-10V范围内，诸如5V。当舍相输入电压VΦ_R大于阈值时，比较器902的输出ZC：LE为逻辑0。当舍相输入电压低于阈值VTH时，所述阈值VTH表示过零点，输出ZC：LE从逻辑0转变为逻辑1。当输出ZC：LE从逻辑0转变为逻辑1时，定时器904开始对具有对定时器904已知的频率的周期性时钟信号fCLK的脉冲进行计数。当调光器312从非导通转变为导通时，舍相输入电压VΦ_R的前沿出现，并且舍相输入电压VΦ_R上升。当舍相输入电压上升至阈值VTH以上时，比较器902的输出ZC：LE从逻辑1转变为逻辑0。在从逻辑1转变为逻辑0时，定时器904对自前一个过零点检测起标记经过的时钟信号fCLK脉冲的次数。经过的时钟信号fCLK脉冲的次数表示实际时间段TOFF(n)A。定时器904然后复位，以为舍相输入电压VΦ_R的下一个半线周期确定实际时间段。
图10示出响应电流控制模块1000，所述响应电流控制模块1000表示响应电流控制模块418的一个实施方式。电流控制逻辑器件1002从LE预测器422接收前沿预测信号LEP并执行操作512和516。为了在操作514和518中控制调光器电流iΦ_R过渡，控制逻辑器件1002控制数字电流控制值iDIM_CONTROL。电流控制值iDIM_CONTROL为具有位[B0,B1,…,BM]的M+1位信号，并且M为正整数，诸如4，8或16。数字电流控制值iDIM_CONTROL为电流源1001的输入，所述电流源1001控制调光器电流iΦ_R的值。
在操作期间，电流源1001从源电压节点407获得(source)电流，并且为调光器电流iΦ_R提供可变阻抗路径以控制调光器电流iΦ_R的值。电流源1001包括产生偏置电流iBIAS的偏置电流源1002。FET 1004的漏极和栅极连接在一起以形成“二极管连接”配置。M+1个通过1005.N/1006.N串联连接的FET对1005.0/1006.0分别与FET 1004被配置成电流镜布置，以镜像偏置电流iBIAS。“M”为整数，M值是设计选择的问题。每对FET 1005.X/1006.X按大小排列，使得随后每对获得的电流是前一对电流的两倍，例如，FET对1005.1/1006.1获得两倍FET对1005.0/1006.0的电流，以此类推。“X”为从0到M范围内的整数索引。在至少一个实施方式中，M的值确定可通过电流源1001获得的最大电流电平。
在至少一个实施方式中，可变阻抗控制信号I_VAR为具有M+1位的数字值，即，I_VAR＝[B0,B1,…,BM]。每位B0,B1,…,BM施加于相应FET对1005.0/1006.0,1005.1/1006.1,…,1005.M/1006.M的栅极以控制FET对的导通。为了操作电流源1001，升压型控制器CCM/CRM控制器1202设定I_VAR的逻辑值以设定位[B0,B1,…,BM]。例如，为了使所有FET对都转为ON，升压型控制器CCM/CRM控制器1202设定[B0,B1,…,BM]＝[1,1,…,1]以使每个FET对1005.0/1006.0,1005.1/1006.1,…,1005.M/1006.M导通，并且将I_VAR的逻辑值设定为B0,B1,…,BM＝[0,0,…,0]以使每个FET对1005.0/1006.0,1005.1/1006.1,…,1005.M/1006.M转为“截止”，即，非导通。在至少一个实施方式中，为了电流控制逻辑1002降低位[B0,B1,…,BM]的值，使得电流iΦ_R遵循例如如图6、图7和图8所示设定的递减过渡。
因此，在至少一个实施方式中，电子系统自适应舍相输入电压的半线周期的电流控制定时并响应地控制功率转换器系统中的调光器电流。例如，自适应电流控制时间及响应电流控制提供与调光器对接。
虽然实施方式已经进行详细说明，但是应当理解，在不脱离由所附权利要求限定的本发明的精神和范围的情况下，可对实施方式作出各种改变、替换和更改。

Claims (28)

1.一种用于提供自适应电流控制定时和响应电流控制的方法，包括：
预测在至功率转换器系统的舍相输入电压的周期期间预期在所述舍相输入电压的前沿之前出现的时间段；以及
在所述舍相输入电压的所述周期期间，至少通过所预测的预期在所述舍相输入电压的所述前沿之前出现的所述时间段主动地控制通过调光器传导的电流的递减过渡率。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，预测在舍相输入电压的周期期间预期在所述舍相输入电压的前沿之前出现的时间段包括：
预测调光器非导通状态的持续时间；以及
从所预测的所述调光器非导通状态的所述持续时间减去当前偏移来确定所预测的在所述舍相输入电压的周期期间预期在所述舍相输入电压的前沿之前出现的所述时间段。
3.根据权利要求2所述的方法，其中，所述偏移的值对于所述舍相输入电压的各周期是固定时间量。
4.根据权利要求2所述的方法，进一步包括：
确定针对所述舍相输入电压的N个周期的每一个的所述调光器非导通状态的实际持续时间，其中，N为大于或等于2的整数；
确定所述调光器非导通状态持续时间的所述实际持续时间的趋势；以及
利用所述趋势来确定所述偏移的值。
5.根据权利要求4所述的方法，其中，利用所述趋势来确定当前所述偏移的值包括：
确定针对所述舍相输入电压的一组周期的所述调光器非导通状态的所述实际持续时间的变化率；以及
将所述变化率应用于前一个偏移以确定所述当前偏移的所述值，使得所述当前偏移和所述前一个偏移之间的所述变化率与所述调光器非导通状态的所述实际持续时间的变化大致相同。
6.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，主动地控制通过调光器传导的电流的递减过渡率包括：
至少通过所预测的预期在所述舍相输入电压的所述前沿之前出现的所述时间段主动地控制电流数字模拟转换器，通过所述调光器获得电流以递减通过所述调光器传导的所述电流的所述过渡率。
7.根据权利要求1所述的方法，所述方法进一步包括：
感测舍相输入电压的N个周期的N个前沿，其中，N为大于或等于1的整数；
其中，预测在至功率转换器系统的舍相输入电压的周期期间预期在所述舍相输入电压的前沿之前出现的时间段包括：基于前沿在所述N个周期中出现的时间来预测所述舍相输入电压即将到来的周期的前沿的出现。
8.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，预测在至功率转换器系统的舍相输入电压的周期期间预期在所述舍相输入电压的前沿之前出现的时间段包括：预测即将到来的周期的所述舍相输入电压的前沿在周期中的出现与感测到的紧邻前一周期期间的所述舍相输入电压的所述前沿在周期中的出现相同。
9.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，主动地控制电流的递减过渡率包括：
改变可变阻抗的阻抗，使得通过基于三端双向可控硅的调光器的电流遵循由低通滤波器设定的递减函数。
10.根据权利要求9所述的方法，其中，改变阻抗包括：改变来自数控的电流数字模拟转换器的电流。
11.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，主动地控制通过调光器传导的电流的递减过渡率进一步包括：
主动地控制所述电流从粘着值到附加值的所述递减过渡率；
其中，所述方法进一步包括：
主动地控制所述电流在所述附加值时的持续时间以平滑所述电流从所述粘着值到保持值的过渡，其中，所述粘着值大于所述附加值，并且所述附加值大于所述保持值。
12.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述功率转换器系统包括开关功率转换器，并且所述方法进一步包括：
控制所述开关功率转换器以向负载提供电力。
13.根据权利要求12所述的方法，其中，所述负载包括一个或多个发光二极管。
14.一种用于提供自适应电流控制定时和响应电流控制的装置，包括：
控制器，被配置为：
预测在至功率转换器系统的舍相输入电压的周期期间预期在所述舍相输入电压的前沿之前出现的时间段；以及
在所述舍相输入电压的所述周期期间，至少通过所预测的预期在所述舍相输入电压的所述前沿之前出现的所述时间段主动地控制通过调光器传导的电流的递减过渡率。
15.根据权利要求14所述的装置，其中，为了预测在舍相输入电压的周期期间预期在所述舍相输入电压的前沿之前出现的时间段，所述控制器进一步被配置为：
预测调光器非导通状态的持续时间；以及
从所预测的所述调光器非导通状态的所述持续时间减去当前偏移来确定所预测的在所述舍相输入电压的周期期间预期在所述舍相输入电压的前沿之前出现的所述时间段。
16.根据权利要求15所述的装置，其中，所述偏移的值对于所述舍相输入电压的各周期是固定时间量。
17.根据权利要求15所述的装置，其中，所述控制器进一步被配置为：
确定针对所述舍相输入电压的N个周期的每一个的所述调光器非导通状态的实际持续时间，其中，N为大于或等于2的整数；
确定所述调光器非导通状态持续时间的所述实际持续时间的趋势；以及
利用所述趋势来确定所述偏移的值。
18.根据权利要求17所述的装置，其中，为了利用所述趋势来确定当前所述偏移的所述值，所述控制器进一步被配置为：
确定针对所述舍相输入电压的一组周期的所述调光器非导通状态的所述实际持续时间的变化率；以及
将所述变化率应用于前一个偏移以确定所述当前偏移的所述值，使得所述当前偏移和所述前一个偏移之间的所述变化率与所述调光器非导通状态的所述实际持续时间的变化大致相同。
19.根据权利要求14所述的装置，其中，为了主动地控制通过调光器传导的电流的递减过渡率，所述控制器进一步被配置为：
通过预期在所述舍相输入电压的所述前沿之前出现的时间段主动地控制电流数字模拟转换器，来通过所述调光器获得电流以递减通过所述调光器传导的所述电流的所述过渡率。
20.根据权利要求14所述的装置，其中，所述控制器进一步被配置为：
感测舍相输入电压的N个周期的N个前沿，其中，N为大于或等于1的整数；
其中，为了预测在至功率转换器系统的舍相输入电压的周期期间预期所述舍相输入电压的前沿之前出现的时间段，所述控制器进一步被配置为基于前沿在所述N个周期中出现的时间来预测所述舍相输入电压即将到来的周期的前沿的出现。
21.根据权利要求14所述的装置，其中为了预测在至功率转换器系统的舍相输入电压的周期期间预期在所述舍相输入电压的前沿之前出现的时间段，所述控制器进一步被配置为预测即将到来的周期的所述舍相输入电压的前沿在周期中的出现与感测到的紧邻前一周期期间的所述舍相输入电压的所述前沿在周期中的出现相同。
22.根据权利要求14所述的装置，其中，为了主动地控制电流的递减过渡率，所述控制器进一步被配置为：
改变可变阻抗的阻抗，使得通过基于三端双向可控硅的调光器的电流遵循由低通滤波器设定的递减函数。
23.根据权利要求22所述的装置，其中，为了改变阻抗，所述控制器进一步被配置为改变来自数控电流数字模拟转换器的电流。
24.根据权利要求14所述的装置，其中，为了主动地控制通过调光器传导的电流的递减过渡率，所述控制器进一步被配置为：
主动地控制所述电流从粘着值到附加值的所述递减过渡率；
其中，所述控制器进一步被配置为主动地控制所述电流在所述附加值时的持续时间以平滑所述电流从所述粘着值到保持值的过渡，其中，所述粘着值大于所述附加值，并且所述附加值大于所述保持值。
25.根据权利要求14所述的装置，其中，所述功率转换器系统包括开关功率转换器，并且所述控制器进一步被配置为：
控制所述开关功率转换器以向负载提供电力。
26.根据权利要求25所述的装置，其中，所述负载包括一个或多个发光二极管。
27.一种用于提供自适应电流控制定时和响应电流控制的装置，包括：
开关功率转换器；
控制器，耦接至所述开关功率转换器，并且所述控制器被配置为：
预测在至功率转换器系统的舍相输入电压的周期期间预期在所述舍相输入电压的前沿之前出现的时间段；以及
在所述舍相输入电压的所述周期期间，至少通过所预测的预期在所述舍相输入电压的所述前沿之前出现的所述时间段主动地控制通过调光器传导的电流的递减过渡率；以及
负载，耦接至所述开关功率转换器。
28.根据权利要求27所述的装置，其中，所述负载包括一个或多个发光二极管。
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