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CN103722718A - 一种peek塑料棒生产设备及工艺 - Google Patents

一种peek塑料棒生产设备及工艺 Download PDF

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CN103722718A
CN103722718A CN201310738099.0A CN201310738099A CN103722718A CN 103722718 A CN103722718 A CN 103722718A CN 201310738099 A CN201310738099 A CN 201310738099A CN 103722718 A CN103722718 A CN 103722718A
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temperature
minutes
section
peek
machine
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刘福华
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Shenzhen En Xin Long Special Engineering Plastics Co Ltd
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Shenzhen En Xin Long Special Engineering Plastics Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/88—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling
    • B29C48/90—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling with calibration or sizing, i.e. combined with fixing or setting of the final dimensions of the extruded article
    • B29C48/908—Thermal treatment of the stream of extruded material, e.g. cooling with calibration or sizing, i.e. combined with fixing or setting of the final dimensions of the extruded article characterised by calibrator surface, e.g. structure or holes for lubrication, cooling or venting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C71/00—After-treatment of articles without altering their shape; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C71/02—Thermal after-treatment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2793/00—Shaping techniques involving a cutting or machining operation
    • B29C2793/0027—Cutting off
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种PEEK塑料棒生产设备及工艺。设备包括主机和辅机，所述主机为一台挤出机，它包括挤压系统、转动系统、控制系统；所述挤压系统为炮筒螺杆；所述转动系统包括电机和减速箱；所述控制系统包括电器仪表和执行机构；所述辅机包括模具、牵引机、油温机、切割机、烤箱；所述模具包括主模、导流板、隔热圈、成型定型筒以及冷却水箱；所述油温机安装在成型管的定型段；所述牵引机主要包括传动装置、辊筒压紧装置和刹车制动装置，它安装在保温装置的后面；所述切割机安装在模具出口后面；所述烤箱为密封的箱体；工艺包括投料、烘干、塑化挤出、均化分流、成型/定型、牵引、切板/堆料、热处理。

Description

一种PEEK塑料棒生产设备及工艺
技术领域
本发明公开了一种PEEK塑料棒生产设备及工艺。
背景技术
PEEK棒挤出成型是把粒状物料由料斗加入到挤出机的机筒内，物料在螺杆旋转的挤压推动作用下，通过机筒内壁和螺杆表面的摩擦作用向前输送和压实，通过机筒外部的加热装置和摩擦预热，在高温、高压条件下熔融塑化。然后，连续转动的螺杆再把熔融物料推入机头模具，从机头模具挤出的熔融物料经冷却定型成为所需的PEEK制品。
以前生产设备和工艺如下：
PEEK棒挤出成型生产线图1所示,PEEK棒挤出机成型生产线的组成：
PEEK棒挤出的生产线由主机、辅机两部分组成，这些部分称为挤出机组。其中主机为一台挤出机，由以下三部分组成：挤压系统、转动系统、控制系统。挤压系统为炮筒螺杆，采用专用等距渐变型PEEK挤出螺杆，螺杆长径比为30：1，压缩比为3。转动系统主要由电机和减速箱组成。电机运转，通过皮带传动带动减速箱，从而使螺杆保持一定的剪切速率。挤出机的控制系统主要电器仪表和执行机构组成，其主要作用是控制主机，使其操作的转速和功率正常，并保证主机和辅机的温度、压力、流量和制品的质量，实现全机组的自动控制。辅机：挤出机的组成是根据制品的种类而定的，一般辅机由下列几部分组成：单棒模具、牵引机、切割装置。模具：模具由法兰、机头体、定形筒、冷却水箱组装而成；熔融的原料在螺杆旋转剪切的作用下进入机头体，通过喇叭口，在一定压力将螺旋融料转为直线型进入成型筒成型，在冷却水的作用下凝固、定型。牵引机主要由传动装置、辊筒压紧装置和刹车制动装置组成；安装在保温装置的后面，通过连杆将模具与牵引机固定在一起，气控制牵引机上下4对辊压紧板材，减速机拖动辊筒使制品在压缩区保持一定压力匀速前进。切割机为棒材切割设备，安装在管材模具出口后面，挤出的制品穿过切割机的切割支撑面，通过锯片的高速旋转切割棒材，切成所需要的长度。
挤出成型的生产工艺过程为：投料→烘干→塑化挤出→成型/定型→牵引→切割/堆放。
⑴投料：及时投料，保证料斗不空。不同的料不能混用，注意分清料的牌号及料的类型，防止杂物、杂料进入料斗，造成下料口堵塞。
⑵烘干：由于PEEK树脂吸温性较大，在挤出成型前必须经进干燥处理，排除水份，否则其水份含量超过一定限度，水份就会在挤出机筒内挥发成气体，使制品内部含有气孔，和强度下降。采用130℃循环热风对PEEK料进行干燥，干燥时间为4-6H，使产品内的水份含量低于0.2%。
⑶塑化挤出：通过机筒温度与螺杆的作用，物料转变为具有一定流动性的均匀连续熔体被挤出的过程。分三区对机筒加温，根据原材料特性设定温度：一区加料段温度：380-390℃；二区融熔压缩段温度：390-400℃；三区均化段温度：390-400℃；接头：390-400℃；挤出螺杆速度：4-6r/min。
⑷成型/定型：具有流动性的均匀熔体，由于螺杆的旋转挤压通过多孔板进入模具，并按一定形状的型胚成型、定型后被挤出模具。①模具压缩区分为四区进行恒温，便熔体保持一定黏度成型，即：机头体温度：320-330℃；②在模具冷却定型区的两端都接有冷却循环水，通过冷水的不断循环使熔料的温度不断降低，最后凝固结晶定型被挤出模具。
⑸牵引：通过牵引机拖动PEEK棒，使棒材在恒压状态下匀速前进，保证产品质量的稳定性。
⑹切割/堆料：用卷尺测出1000MM长度，启动切割机，切出所需要的长度，将棒材整齐叠放在特定的堆料架上。在棒与棒层之间放有不锈方钢，层与层之间的方钢上下看起来最好在一条直线上。
存在问题有：1、棒材表面花斑、黑圈；2、表面浪痕、刮伤；3、内部黄芯；4、棒材颜色偏黄；5、机械性能差；6、棒材弯曲严重；7、生产效率低。
发明内容
本发明的目的是克服现有技术的不足，提供一种PEEK塑料棒生产设备及工艺。
为了实现上述目的，本发明采用如下技术方案：
一种PEEK塑料棒生产设备，包括主机和辅机，所述主机为一台挤出机，它包括挤压系统、转动系统、控制系统；所述挤压系统为炮筒螺杆；所述转动系统包括电机和减速箱；所述包括控制系统包括电器仪表和执行机构；所述辅机包括模具、牵引机、油温机、切割机、烤箱；所述模具包括主模、导流板、隔热圈、成型定型筒以及冷却水箱；所述油温机安装在成型管的定型段；所述牵引机主要包括传动装置、辊筒压紧装置和刹车制动装置，它安装在保温装置的后面；所述切割机安装在模具出口后面；所述烤箱为密封的箱体。
进一步地，所述挤压系统采用专用等距渐变型PEEK挤出螺杆，螺杆长径比为30：1，压缩比为3。
进一步地，所述切割机为棒材切割设备。
本发明的另一目的在于提供一种PEEK塑料棒生产工艺，包括：
投料：及时投料，保证料斗不空，不同的料不能混用；
烘干：采用130℃循环热风对PEEK进行干燥，干燥时间为4-6H，使产品内的水份含量低于0.2%；
塑化挤出：通过机筒温度与螺杆的作用，物料转变为具有一定流动性的均匀连续熔体被挤出的过程；
均化分流：具有流动性的均匀熔体，由于螺杆的旋转挤压通过多孔板进入主模，融体在主模内进一步均化且将融料由螺旋运动转为直线运动；
成型/定型：①直线流动的熔体，由主模出口被均匀流入导流板，通过导流板的V型槽进行分流，分别进入多棒成型模的成型管，在成型管内成型；导流板均化温度为300℃；②在成型管的定型箱体两端装有油温机，在高温状态下定型，保证制品能够顺利被挤出和表面光洁度；定型温度为150-180℃；
牵引：在模具的出口位置装有刹车座，通过刹车座调节刹车条的松紧而夹紧板材制品，使熔融的原料在压缩区形成一定的压力，使挤出产品的结构紧密；
切板/堆料：用卷尺测出1000MM长度，启动切割机，切出所需要的长度，将棒材整齐叠放在特定的堆料架上。在棒与棒层之间放有不锈方钢，层与层之间的方钢上下看起来最好在一条直线上；
热处理：对叠放堆好的PEEK棒进行热处理。
进一步地，所述塑化挤出分三区对机筒加温，根据原材料特性设定温度：一区加料段温度：355-370℃；二区融熔压缩段温度：360-380℃；三区均化段温度：360-380℃；接头：370-390℃；挤出螺杆速度：8-10r/min。
进一步地，所述均化分流过程中，融体均化保持温度，即主模设定温度为：前一区温度为330-340℃；前二区温度为330-340℃；后一区温度为330-340℃；后二区温度为330-340℃。
进一步地，所述热处理分为十六段：
第一段加温温度40℃  升温时间20分钟
第二段恒温温度70℃  恒温时间90分钟
第三段加温温度70℃  加温时间20分钟
第四段恒温温度100℃  恒温时间90分钟
第五段加温温度100℃  加温时间20分钟
第六段恒温温度120℃  恒温时间90分钟
第七段加温温度120℃  加温时间20分钟
第八段恒温温度150℃  恒温时间厚度*2*30分钟
第九段降温温度150℃  降温时间20分钟
第十段恒温温度120℃  恒温时间180分钟
第十一段降温温度120℃  降温时间20分钟
第十二段恒温温度100℃  恒温时间180分钟
第十三段降温温度100℃  降温时间20分钟
第十四段恒温温度70℃  怛温时间180分钟
第十五段降温温度70℃  降温时间20分钟
第十六段恒温温度40℃  温时间180分钟。
由于采用了上述方案，消除了产品表面的轻微花斑和黑圈，使得产品表面光滑，流痕和刮伤的现象大大减少；同时，其机械性能满足要求，棒材内应力消除，不会有弯曲的现象，棒材内部无气孔、黄线，生产效率还得到了很大的提高。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例提供的PEEK塑料棒生产设备的结构示意图；
图2是本发明实施例提供的PEEK塑料棒生产工艺流程图；
其中：1、电机；2、减速箱；3、料斗；4、烤箱；5、控制系统；6、炮筒螺杆；7、机架；8、法兰；9、连接四方板；10、进料口；11、主模；12、模具架；13、导流板；14、隔热圈；15、冷却水箱；16、牵引机；17、切割机。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本发明的实施例进行详细说明，但是本发明可以由权利要求限定和覆盖的多种不同方式实施。
如图1-2所示，本实施例提供了一种PEEK塑料棒生产设备，PEEK棒挤出机成型生产线的组成，PEEK挤出的生产线包括主机、辅机，这些部分称为挤出机组；其中主机是一台挤出机，它包括挤压系统、转动系统、控制系统；挤压系统为炮筒螺杆6，采用专用等距渐变型PEEK挤出螺杆，螺杆长径比为30：1，压缩比为3；转动系统包括电机1和减速箱2，电机1运转，通过皮带传动带动减速箱2，从而使螺杆保持一定的剪切速率；挤出机的控制系统5包括电器仪表和执行机构，其主要作用是控制主机，使其操作的转速和功率正常，并保证主机和辅机的温度、压力、流量和制品的质量，实现全机组的自动控制；电机1、减速箱2、控制系统5、料斗3和烤箱设在机架7上；辅机：挤出机的组成是根据制品的种类而定的，一般辅机由下列几部分组成：模具、牵引机、油温机、切割机、烤箱4；模具包括主模11、导流板13、隔热圈14、成型定型筒、冷却水箱15、法兰8；模具设在模具架12上；进料口10靠近主模11侧设有连接四方板9，熔融的原料通过进料口10进入主模，进流道分流挡块两边进行分流，经过分流的熔融原料在一定的压力下进入导流板八个喇叭口和成型筒，在一定的压力和油温恒温定型的状态下成型、定型；油温机安装在成型管的定型段，通过热油不断循环，使定型区制品在恒定均衡的温度下定型并顺利挤出模具；牵引机16主要由传动装置、辊筒压紧装置和刹车制动装置组成。安装在保温装置的后面，通过连杆将模具与牵引机固定在一起，气控制牵引机上下4对辊压紧板材，减速机拖动辊筒使制品在压缩区保持一定压力匀速前进；切割机17为棒材切割设备，安装在模具出口后面，挤出的制品穿过切割机的切割支撑面，通过锯片的高速旋转切割棒材，切成所需要的长度制品；烤箱为密封的箱体，通过温度控制器，设定不同温度，不同时间多段对制品进行热处理，消除制品残余内应力，保证产品质量和稳定性。
本发明的另一目的在于提供了一种PEEK塑料棒生产工艺，挤出成型的生产工艺过程包括：投料、烘干、塑化挤出、均化分流、成型/定型、牵引、切板/堆料、热处理。⑴投料：及时投料，保证料斗不空.不同的料不能混用，注意分清料的牌号及料的类型，防止杂物、杂料进入料斗，造成下料口堵塞。⑵烘干：由于PEEK树脂吸温性较大，在挤出成型前必须经进干燥处理，排除水份，否则其水份含量超过一定限度，水份就会在挤出机筒内挥发成气体，使制品内部含有气孔，和强度下降；采用130℃循环热风对PEEK进行干燥，干燥时间为4-6H，使产品内的水份含量低于0.2%。⑶塑化挤出：通过机筒温度与螺杆的作用，物料转变为具有一定流动性的均匀连续熔体被挤出的过程；分三区对机筒加温，根据原材料特性设定温度：一区加料段温度：355-370℃；二区融熔压缩段温度：360-380℃；三区均化段温度：360-380℃；接头：370-390℃；挤出螺杆速度：8-10r/min。⑷均化分流：具有流动性的均匀熔体，由于螺杆的旋转挤压通过多孔板进入主模，融体在主模内进一步均化且将融料由螺旋运动转为直线运动：①融体均化保持温度，即主模设定温度：前一区温度：330-340℃；前二区温度：330-340℃；后一区温度：330-340℃后二区温度：330-340℃。⑸成型/定型：①直线流动的熔体，由主模出口被均匀流入导流板，通过导流板的V型槽进行分流，分别进入多棒成型模的成型管，在成型管内成型；导流板均化温度：300℃；②在成型管的定型箱体两端装有油温机，在高温状态下定型，保证制品能够顺利被挤出和表面光洁度；定型温度：150-180℃。⑹牵引装置：在模具的出口位置装有刹车座，通过刹车座调节刹车条的松紧而夹紧板材制品，使熔融的原料在压缩区形成一定的压力，使挤出产品的结构紧密。⑺切板/堆料：用卷尺测出1000MM长度，启动切割机，切出所需要的长度，将棒材整齐叠放在特定的堆料架上。在棒与棒层之间放有不锈方钢，层与层之间的方钢上下看起来最好在一条直线上。⑻烤箱热处理：对叠放堆好的PEEK棒进行热处理时，主要分为十六段：
第一段加温温度40℃  升温时间20分钟
第二段恒温温度70℃  恒温时间90分钟
第三段加温温度70℃  加温时间20分钟
第四段恒温温度100℃  恒温时间90分钟
第五段加温温度100℃  加温时间20分钟
第六段恒温温度120℃  恒温时间90分钟
第七段加温温度120℃  加温时间20分钟
第八段恒温温度150℃  恒温时间厚度*2*30分钟
第九段降温温度150℃  降温时间20分钟
第十段恒温温度120℃  恒温时间180分钟
第十一段降温温度120℃  降温时间20分钟
第十二段恒温温度100℃  恒温时间180分钟
第十三段降温温度100℃  降温时间20分钟
第十四段恒温温度70℃  怛温时间180分钟
第十五段降温温度70℃  降温时间20分钟
第十六段恒温温度40℃  温时间180分钟。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例，并非因此限制本发明的专利范围，凡是利用本发明说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构或等效流程变换，或直接或间接运用在其他相关的技术领域，均同理包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。

Claims (7)

1.一种PEEK塑料棒生产设备，包括主机和辅机，其特征在于，所述主机为一台挤出机，它包括挤压系统、转动系统、控制系统；所述挤压系统为炮筒螺杆；所述转动系统包括电机和减速箱；所述控制系统包括电器仪表和执行机构；所述辅机包括模具、牵引机、油温机、切割机、烤箱；所述模具包括主模、导流板、隔热圈、成型定型筒以及冷却水箱；所述油温机安装在成型管的定型段；所述牵引机主要包括传动装置、辊筒压紧装置和刹车制动装置，它安装在保温装置的后面；所述切割机安装在模具出口后面；所述烤箱为密封的箱体。
2.如权利要求1所述的PEEK塑料棒生产设备，其特征在于，所述挤压系统采用专用等距渐变型PEEK挤出螺杆，螺杆长径比为30：1，压缩比为3。
3.如权利要求2所述的PEEK塑料棒生产设备，其特征在于，所述切割机为棒材切割设备。
4.一种PEEK塑料棒生产工艺，其特征在于，它包括：
投料：及时投料，保证料斗不空，不同的料不能混用；
烘干：采用130℃循环热风对PEEK进行干燥，干燥时间为4-6H，使产品内的水份含量低于0.2%；
塑化挤出：通过机筒温度与螺杆的作用，物料转变为具有一定流动性的均匀连续熔体被挤出的过程；
均化分流：具有流动性的均匀熔体，由于螺杆的旋转挤压通过多孔板进入主模，融体在主模内进一步均化且将融料由螺旋运动转为直线运动；
成型/定型：①直线流动的熔体，由主模出口被均匀流入导流板，通过导流板的V型槽进行分流，分别进入多棒成型模的成型管，在成型管内成型；导流板均化温度为300℃；②在成型管的定型箱体两端装有油温机，在高温状态下定型，保证制品能够顺利被挤出和表面光洁度；定型温度为150-180℃；
牵引：在模具的出口位置装有刹车座，通过刹车座调节刹车条的松紧而夹紧板材制品，使熔融的原料在压缩区形成一定的压力，使挤出产品的结构紧密；
切板/堆料：用卷尺测出1000MM长度，启动切割机，切出所需要的长度，将棒材整齐叠放在特定的堆料架上。在棒与棒层之间放有不锈方钢，层与层之间的方钢上下看起来最好在一条直线上；
热处理：对叠放堆好的PEEK棒进行热处理。
5.如权利要求4所述的PEEK塑料棒生产工艺，其特征在于，所述塑化挤出分三区对机筒加温，根据原材料特性设定温度：一区加料段温度：355-370℃；二区融熔压缩段温度：360-380℃；三区均化段温度：360-380℃；接头：370-390℃；挤出螺杆速度：8-10r/min。
6.如权利要求4所述的PEEK塑料棒生产工艺，其特征在于，所述均化分流过程中，融体均化保持温度，即主模设定温度为：前一区温度为330-340℃；前二区温度为330-340℃；后一区温度为330-340℃；后二区温度为330-340℃。
7.如权利要求4所述的PEEK塑料棒生产工艺，其特征在于，所述的热处理分为十六段：
第一段加温温度40℃  升温时间20分钟
第二段恒温温度70℃  恒温时间90分钟
第三段加温温度70℃  加温时间20分钟
第四段恒温温度100℃  恒温时间90分钟
第五段加温温度100℃  加温时间20分钟
第六段恒温温度120℃  恒温时间90分钟
第七段加温温度120℃  加温时间20分钟
第八段恒温温度150℃  恒温时间厚度*2*30分钟
第九段降温温度150℃  降温时间20分钟
第十段恒温温度120℃  恒温时间180分钟
第十一段降温温度120℃  降温时间20分钟
第十二段恒温温度100℃  恒温时间180分钟
第十三段降温温度100℃  降温时间20分钟
第十四段恒温温度70℃  怛温时间180分钟
第十五段降温温度70℃  降温时间20分钟
第十六段恒温温度40℃  温时间180分钟。
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CN104149312A (zh) * 2014-08-08 2014-11-19 常州君华特种工程塑料制品有限公司 一种peek片材连续挤出的生产设备及工艺
CN106273352A (zh) * 2016-08-29 2017-01-04 武汉金牛经济发展有限公司 一种杂萘联苯聚醚砜酮(ppesk)管材的制备方法及装置
CN106273334A (zh) * 2016-08-31 2017-01-04 太原理工大学 一种用于增强玻璃纤维管材强度的挤管模具
WO2020125466A1 (zh) * 2018-12-18 2020-06-25 南京肯特复合材料股份有限公司 Peek材料退火方法
CN110815769A (zh) * 2019-11-22 2020-02-21 常州君华医疗科技有限公司 一种聚醚醚酮毛细管在线结晶一步生产方法
CN111016111A (zh) * 2019-12-31 2020-04-17 常州市永邦塑业有限公司 一种peek厚壁管材挤出生产工艺及装置
CN111844671A (zh) * 2020-07-04 2020-10-30 东莞市恩欣龙特种材料有限公司 专用于生产pbt塑料棒的工艺方法
CN115027079A (zh) * 2022-06-27 2022-09-09 江苏君华特种工程塑料制品有限公司 一种特种工程塑料型材去应力减少氧化层厚度的方法
CN115027079B (zh) * 2022-06-27 2023-09-05 江苏君华特种工程塑料制品有限公司 一种特种工程塑料型材去应力减少氧化层厚度的方法

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