CN103627846A - Method for performing direct alloying to molybdenum oxide for steelmaking - Google Patents
Method for performing direct alloying to molybdenum oxide for steelmaking Download PDFInfo
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- CN103627846A CN103627846A CN201310591050.7A CN201310591050A CN103627846A CN 103627846 A CN103627846 A CN 103627846A CN 201310591050 A CN201310591050 A CN 201310591050A CN 103627846 A CN103627846 A CN 103627846A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种氧化钼直接合金化炼钢的方法，所述方法包括：向电弧炉中加入混料和金属料，所述混料为氧化钼与石灰的混合物，所述金属料由铁水与固体钢铁料构成，其中，基于金属料的总重量，铁水的含量≥50wt%。根据本发明的方法省去了冶炼钼铁合金的工序，提高资源利用率，适用于冶炼各种钼含量的合金钢种，经济效益显著。The invention discloses a method for directly alloying molybdenum oxide to make steel. The method comprises: adding a mixed material and a metal material into an electric arc furnace, the mixed material is a mixture of molybdenum oxide and lime, and the metal material is made of molten iron Composed of solid iron and steel material, wherein, based on the total weight of the metal material, the content of molten iron is ≥ 50wt%. According to the method of the invention, the process of smelting ferromolybdenum alloy is omitted, the resource utilization rate is improved, and the method is suitable for smelting alloy steel types with various molybdenum contents, and the economic benefit is remarkable.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to alloy field of iron and steel smelting, relate in particular to a kind of method of molybdenum oxide DIRECT ALLOYING electric-arc furnace steelmaking.
Background technology
Molybdenum in China ore resources reserves are abundant, the traditional method of smelting Mo-contained alloy steel is first molybdenum ore to be smelted into iron alloy, iron alloy is added to molten steel interalloy, its technical process is: mine selecting and purchasing → ferroalloy smelting → electric arc furnace smelting steel alloy → external refining → continuous casting or die casting again.Yet traditional technical process exists the shortcomings such as high such as energy consumption, molybdenum recovery is low, environmental pollution is serious, labour intensity is large, DIRECT ALLOYING steel-making in recent years just progressively causes research concern.
DIRECT ALLOYING refers in steelmaking process, and the metal oxide after oxidizing roasting is directly added in molten steel reduction reaction occurs, and generates alloying element and enters and in molten steel, realize alloying.Compare with the traditional technology of smelting molybdenum alloy steel, utilize the oxide compound DIRECT ALLOYING steel-making of molybdenum, saved the operation of producing ferro-molybdenum, can accompanied by substantial power saving, reduce and pollute, reduce costs.
But the producer that adopts at present molybdenum oxide DIRECT ALLOYING technology to smelt, generally usings steel scrap as raw material, the reduction reaction speed of molybdenum oxide is slower, and steel scrap still has the not reduction of a small amount of molybdenum when molten clear, smelting cycle is increased; If the add-on of molybdenum oxide is larger, when smelting, reaction fierceness, easily causes the boiling of slag; And the volatilization of more difficult control molybdenum in fusion process, cause molybdenum recovery to reduce, molybdenum recovery less than 90% often when smelting high molybdenum steel particularly, therefore existing DIRECT ALLOYING technology is more common in and is smelted low molybdenum alloy steel, and comparatively rare for the report of high molybdenum alloy steel.
China's scrap resources is nervous, and the cost of electric energy is very expensive again, the smelting technology of exploiting economy, and the add-on of expansion molybdenum oxide, the rate of recovery of raising molybdenum alloy element, the every technology, quality and the economic target that improve steel-making have important practical significance simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to, by optimizing burden composition, simplify technical process, improve the quality of products and molybdenum recovery, and the method is applicable to smelt the steel alloy of various molybdenum content.
The invention provides a kind of method of molybdenum oxide DIRECT ALLOYING steel-making, described method comprises: in electric arc furnace, add batch mixing and metal charge, described batch mixing is the mixture of molybdenum oxide and lime, described metal charge consists of molten iron and solid iron and steel stock, wherein, gross weight based on metal charge, the content >=50wt% of molten iron.
According to embodiments of the invention, the gross weight based on batch mixing, the content >=20wt% of lime.
According to embodiments of the invention, the particle diameter≤50mm of batch mixing.
According to embodiments of the invention, the weight ratio of batch mixing and metal charge can be 1:10～1:100.
According to embodiments of the invention, in electric arc furnace, the temperature of molybdenum oxide reduction reaction may be controlled to 800 ℃～1800 ℃.
According to embodiments of the invention, when cloth, can first add batch mixing to add again solid iron and steel stock to be finally blended into molten iron.
According to embodiments of the invention, described molybdenum oxide can be at least one in molybdenum oxide powder, molybdenum oxide particle and molybdenum oxide lump.
According to embodiments of the invention, described solid iron and steel stock can be at least one in steel scrap, the pig iron, tank side, tank iron, slag steel and briquetting.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, further describe the present invention, but the invention is not restricted to this.
The invention provides a kind of method of molybdenum oxide DIRECT ALLOYING steel-making, described method comprises: in electric arc furnace, add batch mixing and metal charge, described batch mixing is the mixture of molybdenum oxide and lime, described metal charge consists of molten iron and solid iron and steel stock, wherein, gross weight based on metal charge, molten iron >=50wt%.
According to the present invention, for the optimization of raw material mix, metal charge adopts liquid iron charging with part, to substitute the solid iron and steel stocks such as steel scrap.Adding of molten iron can bring following effect.
First, the conventional molten iron of field of steel-making all contains the manganese of the carbon of 4% left and right, the silicon of 0.45% left and right and 0.30% left and right conventionally, these chemical compositions can provide enough reductive agents for reaction, therefore, the present invention does not need to add the reductive agents such as carbon dust or silicon carbide just can keep the reducing atmosphere in stove again.
Secondly, because the fusing point of molybdenum oxide only has 795 ℃, and molten iron temperature generally all can be over 1200 ℃, therefore, liquid iron charging can bring a large amount of physical thermals, reduces electric power feeding time, save solid iron and steel stock and melt required electric energy input, also can reduce scaling loss and the volatilization of molybdenum oxide.
The 3rd, molten iron is as a kind of purer metal charge, do not contain impurity element so much in steel scrap, the water evaporates of the physical thermal that molten iron brings in also can accelerating solid iron and steel stock, impel molten bath to form in advance, the CO gas that C-O reaction produces has the time more fully to remove obnoxious flavour and the inclusiones such as nitrogen, hydrogen, makes the chemical composition in molten steel more stable, improves the quality of molten steel.
According to embodiments of the invention, molybdenum oxide can together add in electric arc furnace by mode and the solid iron and steel stock mixing mutually with lime, and the effect of lime is to generate calcium molybdate by being combined with molybdenum oxide, thus the volatilization of inhibited oxidation molybdenum, the rate of recovery of raising molybdenum.The present invention is when batch mixing, and the add-on of lime is not less than the 20wt% of the mixture total weight amount of molybdenum oxide and lime.
According to embodiments of the invention, molybdenum oxide and lime can first be broken into bulk, then proportionally take mechanically mixing, preferably, and the particle diameter≤50mm of batch mixing.Yet, the invention is not restricted to this, described batch mixing can be powdery, particle or bulk, and owing to containing partial oxidation calcium in molybdenum oxide, and the main component that calcium oxide is lime, so the actual add-on of lime also can slightly reduce.
According to embodiments of the invention, batch mixing and metal charge feed intake by weight 1:10～1:100, the add-on of molybdenum oxide is determined by the molybdenum content of alloy smelting steel, the add-on of lime is adjusted according to the phosphorus content of molten iron and solid iron and steel stock, according to entering the high or low of stove metal charge phosphorus content, suitably increase or reduce the add-on of lime in batch mixing.Wherein, the molybdenum content of smelting steel grade can not impact the add-on of lime, because the needed amount of lime of dephosphorization and smelting slag making is much larger than the desired amount of lime of batch mixing, even if smelt high molybdenum steel, lime adding amount is also much larger than the target call of the 20wt% of batch mixing.
According to embodiments of the invention, the fusing point of molybdenum oxide only has 795 ℃, and molten iron temperature is general over 1200 ℃, after being blended into molten iron, add the heat that stays steel remaining slag operation savings in electric arc furnace, more than in stove, temperature can rise to molybdenum oxide fusing point fast, furnace temperature reaction over 800 ℃ can be carried out, so the meaning of electric arc furnace heating is only to make solid iron and steel stock to accelerate fusing.Electric arc furnace molybdenum oxide reduction reaction temperature of the present invention is preferably at 800 ℃～1800 ℃.
According to embodiments of the invention, the batch mixing that can first add molybdenum oxide and lime, add again solid iron and steel stock to be finally blended into molten iron, this fusing and the slag making that is easy to lime by order of addition(of ingredients) light and heavy, first cool after heat, while molten iron also can accelerated reaction process to washing away, stirring of mixture in stove.If add batch mixing and solid iron and steel stock after being first blended into molten iron, due to the lower slagging that is difficult for of density of batch mixing, molybdenum oxide, dropping into the easily sharply scaling loss volatilization of moment of high temperature liquid iron, reduces molybdenum recovery.
According to embodiments of the invention, described molybdenum oxide can be at least one in molybdenum oxide powder, molybdenum oxide particle and molybdenum oxide lump.Be preferably molybdenum oxide particle or molybdenum oxide lump, adopt molybdenum oxide powder can enlarge active surface, fast reaction speed, but should be noted the volatilization of controlling molybdenum oxide, for example: batch mixing is very even, during oxygen blast, rifle position will be low etc.
According to embodiments of the invention, described solid iron and steel stock can be at least one in steel scrap, the pig iron, tank side, tank iron, slag steel and briquetting, wherein, high-quality steel scrap, the pig iron are because harmful element content is few, be easy to quick smelting, the rate of recovery is high, therefore price comparison is expensive, and the cheap steel scraps such as tank side, tank iron, slag steel, briquetting are relatively cheap, can choose and proportioning according to most economical mode.
Below in conjunction with concrete example, the present invention is described.
Example 1:
In 50 tons of electric furnaces, smelt the 20CrNiMoH steel containing molybdenum 0.15wt%～0.25wt%.Molybdenum oxide lump 240kg containing molybdenum 45wt% is evenly mixed with 1600kg lime, be filled in electric arc furnace, then add 21 tons of solid iron and steel stocks, be finally blended into 35 tons of molten iron, smelt.The molybdenum content of gained steel alloy is 0.205wt%, and molybdenum recovery reaches 94.91%.
Example 2:
In 50 tons of electric furnaces, smelt the 22CrMoH steel containing molybdenum 0.35wt%～0.45wt%.Molybdenum oxide lump 480kg containing molybdenum 45wt% is evenly mixed with 1600kg lime, be filled in electric arc furnace, then add 21 tons of solid iron and steel stocks, be finally blended into 35 tons of molten iron, smelt.The molybdenum content of gained steel alloy is 0.40wt%, and molybdenum recovery reaches 92.59%.
Example 3:
In 50 tons of electric furnaces, smelt the high molybdenum alloy steel grade containing molybdenum 1wt%～4wt%, the molybdenum oxide lump 2500kg containing molybdenum 45wt% is evenly mixed with 1600kg lime, be filled in electric arc furnace, then add 16 tons of solid iron and steel stocks, be finally blended into 40 tons of molten iron, smelt.The molybdenum content of the high molybdenum alloy steel of gained is 2.0wt% left and right, and molybdenum recovery reaches more than 90%.
In sum, method of the present invention has been saved the operation of ferroalloy smelting, reduces the whole energy consumption of smelting the technical process of molybdenum alloy steel, improves resource utilization, thereby can reduce carrying capacity of environment, remarkable in economical benefits.The present invention can be applicable to low molybdenum alloy steel to the smelting of high molybdenum alloy steel, for smelting high molybdenum alloy steel, adopts method of the present invention can make molybdenum recovery reach more than 90% especially.
The above embodiment that the present invention describes is only exemplary, is not for limiting the present invention.Those skilled in the art without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, can carry out various possible distortion and modification to above-described embodiment.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the scope being defined in claims.
Claims (8)
1. the method for molybdenum oxide DIRECT ALLOYING steel-making, described method comprises: in electric arc furnace, add batch mixing and metal charge, described batch mixing is the mixture of molybdenum oxide and lime, described metal charge consists of molten iron and solid iron and steel stock, wherein, gross weight based on metal charge, the content >=50wt% of molten iron.
2. the method for claim 1, wherein gross weight based on batch mixing, the content >=20wt% of lime.
3. the method for claim 1, wherein particle diameter≤50mm of described batch mixing.
4. the method for claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of batch mixing and metal charge is 1:10～1:100.
The method of claim 1, wherein in electric arc furnace the temperature of molybdenum oxide reduction reaction to control be 800 ℃～1800 ℃.
6. the method for claim 1, wherein when cloth, first add batch mixing to add again solid iron and steel stock to be finally blended into molten iron.
7. the method for claim 1, wherein described molybdenum oxide is at least one in molybdenum oxide powder, molybdenum oxide particle and molybdenum oxide lump.
8. the method for claim 1, wherein described solid iron and steel stock is at least one in steel scrap, the pig iron, tank side, tank iron, slag steel and briquetting.
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| CN201310591050.7A CN103627846B (en) | 2013-11-21 | 2013-11-21 | The method of molybdenum oxide DIRECT ALLOYING steel-making |
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| CN201310591050.7A CN103627846B (en) | 2013-11-21 | 2013-11-21 | The method of molybdenum oxide DIRECT ALLOYING steel-making |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104017936A (en) * | 2014-06-10 | 2014-09-03 | 张家港市锦丰润尔发五金塑料厂 | Oxide steel-making method |
| CN105200185A (en) * | 2015-09-29 | 2015-12-30 | 南京钢铁股份有限公司 | Steelmaking alloying smelting process for oxide with molybdenum in electric furnaces with high molten iron ratios |
| CN107557516A (en) * | 2017-08-07 | 2018-01-09 | 济源职业技术学院 | The molybdenum oxide direct Reducing and Alloying process for making in converter |
| CN108048729A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2018-05-18 | 中钢集团邢台机械轧辊有限公司 | A kind of method that molybdenum element is added in steelmaking process |
| CN110592460A (en) * | 2019-08-29 | 2019-12-20 | 江苏省沙钢钢铁研究院有限公司 | A kind of steelmaking method of non-oriented silicon steel |
| CN118186174A (en) * | 2024-02-20 | 2024-06-14 | 河北河钢材料技术研究院有限公司 | Method for preparing ferromolybdenum alloy by combining hydrogen-based shaft furnace reduction and electric furnace smelting |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104017936A (en) * | 2014-06-10 | 2014-09-03 | 张家港市锦丰润尔发五金塑料厂 | Oxide steel-making method |
| CN105200185A (en) * | 2015-09-29 | 2015-12-30 | 南京钢铁股份有限公司 | Steelmaking alloying smelting process for oxide with molybdenum in electric furnaces with high molten iron ratios |
| CN105200185B (en) * | 2015-09-29 | 2017-07-28 | 南京钢铁股份有限公司 | A kind of smelting process of molybdenum-containing oxide in high hot metal ratio Alloying of Electric Furnace Steelmaking |
| CN107557516A (en) * | 2017-08-07 | 2018-01-09 | 济源职业技术学院 | The molybdenum oxide direct Reducing and Alloying process for making in converter |
| CN107557516B (en) * | 2017-08-07 | 2019-06-04 | 济源职业技术学院 | The molybdenum oxide direct Reducing and Alloying process for making in converter |
| CN108048729A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2018-05-18 | 中钢集团邢台机械轧辊有限公司 | A kind of method that molybdenum element is added in steelmaking process |
| CN110592460A (en) * | 2019-08-29 | 2019-12-20 | 江苏省沙钢钢铁研究院有限公司 | A kind of steelmaking method of non-oriented silicon steel |
| CN110592460B (en) * | 2019-08-29 | 2021-06-29 | 江苏省沙钢钢铁研究院有限公司 | Steelmaking method of non-oriented silicon steel |
| CN118186174A (en) * | 2024-02-20 | 2024-06-14 | 河北河钢材料技术研究院有限公司 | Method for preparing ferromolybdenum alloy by combining hydrogen-based shaft furnace reduction and electric furnace smelting |
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