CN103083196A - 协同作用三元抗微生物混合物 - Google Patents
协同作用三元抗微生物混合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN103083196A CN103083196A CN2012104346669A CN201210434666A CN103083196A CN 103083196 A CN103083196 A CN 103083196A CN 2012104346669 A CN2012104346669 A CN 2012104346669A CN 201210434666 A CN201210434666 A CN 201210434666A CN 103083196 A CN103083196 A CN 103083196A
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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Abstract
本发明涉及协同有效的三元抗微生物混合物,其包含以下组分或由以下组分组成:(a)2-苯氧基乙醇;和(b1+b2)至少两种不同的烷二醇,所述烷二醇选自1,2-癸二醇、1,2-辛二醇、1,2-己二醇和1,2-戊二醇。本发明进一步涉及2-苯氧基乙醇用于协同增强至少两种上述烷二醇的混合物的抗微生物功效的用途、对易腐烂产品的防腐或抗微生物处理的方法、对某些微生物的化妆处理的方法,以及根据本发明的混合物用于某些微生物的治疗处理的用途。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及抗微生物活性物质领域,特别是包含2-苯氧基乙醇和至少两种不同的烷二醇的某些混合物、制剂和食品,所述烷二醇选自1,2-癸二醇、1,2-辛二醇、1,2-己二醇和1,2-戊二醇。本发明进一步涉及2-苯氧基乙醇用于协同增强至少两种上述烷二醇的混合物的抗微生物功效的用途、对易腐烂产品的防腐或抗微生物处理的方法、对某些微生物的化妆处理的方法,以及根据本发明的混合物用于某些微生物的治疗处理的用途。
背景技术
在化妆品、药物和食品工业中,对于具有抗微生物特性的试剂、特别是对于以其他方式易腐烂的产品(例如化妆品、药物产品和食品)的防腐,以及对于可能对人体或动物体有着不利影响的微生物的直接化妆或治疗处理有持续的需求。举例来说,可提及可能导致体臭、痤疮、霉菌病等的微生物。
大量的抗微生物活性物质已经公认地用于上述技术领域,然而仍在探寻其他的替代物,以能够进行有针对性的专门治疗和/或减少副作用。当寻找具有抗微生物作用、特别是有防腐作用的替代试剂时,无论如何必须牢记的是,用于化妆品、药物和/或食品领域的物质必须是:
-在毒理学上无害,
-被皮肤很好地耐受,
-稳定(特别是在通常的化妆品和/或药物制剂中)
-很大程度上并且优选完全地无味和/或
-可以低成本生产(即,施用标准工艺和/或始自标准前体)。
此外,有利的是,为了达到一定的抗微生物效果,必须在相应的试剂中使用尽可能少的抗微生物活性物质。
在充分的程度上,寻找具有一种或更多种前述性质的合适(活性)物质对于本领域的技术人员是困难的,这是由于一方面物质的化学结构与另一方面其针对某些微生物的生物活性和其稳定性之间没有明确的关系。此外,在物质的抗微生物作用、毒理学无害性、皮肤相容性和稳定性之间也没有可预见的关系。
因此,本发明要解决的目的是提供满足数个或所有前述要求和/或具有前述性质的期望组合的试剂。
发明内容
该目的通过一种混合物而得以解决,所述混合物包含以下组分或由以下组分组成:
(a)2-苯氧基乙醇和
(b1+b2)至少两种不同的烷二醇,所述烷二醇选自1,2-癸二醇、1,2-辛二醇、1,2-己二醇和1,2-戊二醇。
本发明基于根据本发明的三元混合物可呈现出至少针对选定微生物、特别是针对黑曲霉(Aspergillus niger,一种非常难以控制的霉菌)的协同增强的抗微生物效果这一惊人的发现。
特别地,已发现根据本发明的混合物用作抗微生物混合物、特别是用于防腐以其他方式易腐烂的物品(见上文)是极好的。
尽管专家已经对1,2-烷二醇和2-苯氧基乙醇的抗微生物特性进行了广泛的研究,然而之前并无迹象表明根据本发明的这类化合物的三元混合物,至少在单独的情况下,(至少针对选定的微生物)具有明确改善的抗微生物作用。
已知2-苯氧基乙醇(一种广泛使用的防腐剂)的抗微生物作用,并且例如在“Handbuch der Konservierungsmittel”[防腐剂手册](出版:Deutsche Gesellschaft für wissenschaftliche und angewandte Kosmetik,Verlag für chemische Industrie,H.Ziolkowsky GmbH,D-86150Augsburg,1995)中有述。然而迄今为止,对与1,2-癸二醇和1,2-己二醇的三元组合特别是针对黑曲霉的的协同增强功效的研究,尚未在任何文献中公开。
多元醇,特别是脂肪族1,2-二醇以及1,2-二醇与其它有抗微生物作用的物质的组合的抗微生物作用在多篇文献中有述。可提及例如JP5191327、JP11322591、EP1206933、WO03/069994。然而,对结合2-苯氧基乙醇的针对黑曲霉的协同增强功效的研究尚未在任何这些文献中公开。
多元醇、特别是1,2-烷二醇大多数对霉菌如黑曲霉不够有效。因而,相比于单独的多元醇或多元醇的混合物,在霉菌(例如“问题微生物”黑曲霉)的情况下在疗效上有差距。因此,迄今为止完全抑制霉菌需要使用高浓度的单独多元醇或多元醇的混合物。
因此,特别出人意料的是,根据本发明的混合物表现出强的协同功效。例如,在处理黑曲霉时,
-单独施用的2-苯氧基乙醇
-单独施用的1,2-癸二醇
-单独施用的1,2-己二醇
-单独施用的1,2-辛二醇
-单据施用的1,2-戊二醇
以及包含这些二醇中两者或更多者的混合物在其以相同的使用浓度包含于待保护免遭微生物侵袭的终产品中时,于48小时后在微生物数量减少方面,已经优越地多了。特别地,在给定浓度下,只有根据本发明所述的三元混合物已经在48小时后实现约2-log的微生物数量减少。
由于其组分作用的特别显著的增强,因而根据本发明的混合物特别适用于对抗黑曲霉,即使在低剂量的根据本发明的混合物时亦是如此。
在此意义上,优选的根据本发明涉及一种根据本发明的混合物,其包含以下组分或由以下组分组成:
(a)2-苯氧基乙醇,
(b1)1,2-癸二醇,和
(b2)1,2-己二醇和/或1,2-戊二醇。
特别优选如下根据本发明的混合物,其中组分(a)与组分(b1+b2)的重量比为0.3-1.2∶0.06-0.7,特别是其中组分(a)与(b1)及(b2)的重量比为0.3-1.2∶0.05-0.4∶0.01-0.3。
特别优选如下根据本发明的混合物,其中以协同增强抗微生物作用这样的方式来调节组分(a)与(b1+b2)的重量比和/或(a)与(b1)及(b2)的重量比。
因此,通过适当选择组分(a)、(b1)和(b2)浓度以及适当选择组分彼此间的混合比率,可以实现在抗微生物作用方面的协同效应。如上面已提及的,这是出人意料的。协同效应具有如下优势,即对于同等功效而言,必须使用的抗微生物活性物质较少,或用相同量的活性物质,可获得提高的抗微生物效果。
在有疑问的情况下,当根据欧洲药典(ISBN3-7692-2768-9;2001年第三版增刊,421-422页,5.1.3章)确立充分防腐时,存在本文意义上的抗微生物功效。优选地,所用的微生物优选黑曲霉ATCC16404。有关测试抗微生物功效程序的其他信息,尤其是参考下文给出的实施例1。
当根据Kull(文献:F.C.Kull等,Applied Microbiology第9卷第538-541页(1961);D.C.Steinberg,Cosmetics&Toiletries第115卷(11),59-62(2000))的测试混合物的协同指数(SI值)的值小于1时,存在(抗微生物作用的)协同增强。有关协同指数计算的其他信息,也参考下文给出的实施例1。再一次,优选地,用于确定协同指数的微生物是上述黑曲霉株。
根据本发明的特别优选的混合物为:其中组分(b1)由1,2-癸二醇组成并且组分(b2)由1,2-己二醇组成。可以在由2-苯氧基乙醇、1,2-癸二醇和1,2-乙二醇制备所得的三元体系中获得针对抗微生物功效的特别大的协同效应。
根据本发明的抗微生物混合物适于易腐烂产品例如化妆品、药物产品或食品的防腐和抗微生物处理。使所述易腐烂产品与一定量的根据本发明的抗微生物有效的、优选抗黑霉菌有效的混合物接触。然而,由于其协同增强的抗微生物功效,根据本发明的混合物也可以用于:
(a)导致体臭的微生物的化妆(还特别是局部)处理,
(b)导致痤疮的微生物的化妆(还特别是局部)处理,
(c)导致霉菌病的微生物的化妆(还特别是局部)处理以及
(d)无生命物质之上或之中的微生物的处理。
根据本发明的混合物对大量革兰氏阳性细菌、革兰氏阴性细菌、霉菌和酵母菌发挥其协同增强的抗微生物作用。对革兰氏阴性细菌如大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli)和铜绿假单胞菌(Pseudomonas aeruginosa)、对酵母菌如白色念珠菌(Candida albicans),以及如上所述还对真菌如黑曲霉有特别好的作用。根据本发明的混合物对黑曲霉(一种非常难以控制的霉菌)的非常好的功效被认为是特别有利的。
本发明还涉及根据本发明的混合物用于治疗处理如下微生物
(i)导致体臭的微生物,
(ii)导致痤疮的微生物和/或
(iii)导致霉菌病的微生物,
或作为治疗处理如下微生物的试剂的用途:
(i)导致体臭的微生物,
(ii)导致痤疮的微生物和/或
(iii)导致霉菌病的微生物。
因此本发明涉及用于微生物、当然特别是:(a)导致体臭的微生物,(b)导致痤疮的微生物和/或(c)导致霉菌病的微生物的化妆和/或治疗处理的相应方法,所述方法包括局部施用抗微生物有效量的根据本发明的混合物,其中优选以协同增强混合物中所述二醇的抗微生物作用这样的方式来调节其比例。
根据本发明的方法的优选形式与上述根据本发明的用途的优选形式相对应。
人的皮肤被大量的各种微生物所定殖,包括上面已经提及的微生物,加上其它的。这些微生物中的大多数不是病原性的,且与皮肤的生理状态及其气味无关。然而,其它的微生物对皮肤的健康状态可能具有决定性的影响。
由于我们自己的研究已表明,根据本发明的协同活性混合物不仅对上面已经提及的微生物非常有效,还对表皮葡萄球菌(Staphylococcusepidermidis)、干燥棒状杆菌(Corynebacterium xerosis)、表皮短杆菌(Brevibacterium epidermidis)、痤疮丙酸杆菌(Propionibacterium acnes)、以及对毛癣菌(Trichophyton)属和表皮癣菌(Epidermophyton)属非常有效,所以它们也可用作治疗(控制)腋臭和脚臭或一般性体臭的试剂,用作对抗痤疮的试剂、用作去头皮屑的试剂以及用于治疗霉菌病(特别是皮肤霉菌病)。
具体实施方式
在本文本的上下文中,“处理”意指对相关微生物影响的任何形式的治疗性或非治疗性的发挥,其中所述微生物的繁殖受到抑制和/或微生物被杀死。
本发明涉及一种化妆品制剂或药物制剂或食品,其包含:
-根据前述权利要求中任一项的抗微生物有效混合物,和
-其他的常用组分。
优选根据本发明的化妆品或药物制剂或根据本发明的食品中,组分(a)和(b1+b2)的总量和/或组分(a)、(b1)和(b2)的总量按所述制剂或所述食品的总质量计为0.01重量%至10重量%。
由此特别优选根据本发明的化妆品或药物制剂或根据本发明的食品包含:
0.30重量%-1.20重量%的2-苯氧基乙醇,
0.05重量%-0.40重量%的1,2-癸二醇,和
总量为0.01重量%-0.30重量%的1,2-己二醇和/或1,2-戊二醇,
在每种情况下,均按所述制剂或所述食品的总质量计。
此外,进一步优选根据本发明的化妆品或药物制剂或根据本发明的食品包含作为组分(a)的2-苯氧基乙醇、作为组分(b1)的1,2-癸二醇和作为组分(b2)的1,2-己二醇和/或1,2-戊二醇,其中按所述制剂或所述食品的总质量计的比例为:(a)70重量%的2-苯氧基乙醇,(b1)0.20重量%的1,2-癸二醇和重量为0.1重量%的1,2-己二醇和/或1,2-戊二醇。
对于刚刚描述的根据本发明的制剂或根据本发明的食品,在每种情况下愈加优选进一步改善具体的抗微生物效果、特别是这些效果的协同增强。
因而此外,相当特别地优选根据本发明的化妆品或药物制剂或根据本发明的食品,其中组分(a)、(b1)和(b2)各自自身的浓度低于抗微生物有效浓度,但是组分(a)、(b1)和(b2)的总浓度是抗微生物有效的。关于这一点,特别优选组分(a)的比例在0.5重量%至1重量%范围内,组分(b1)的比例在0.1重量%至0.3重量%的范围内并且组分(b2)的比例在0.05重量%至0.2重量%的范围内。
同样,在根据本发明的用于化妆品和/或治疗处理(a)导致体臭的微生物、(b)导致痤疮的微生物,和/或(c)导致霉菌病的微生物的一种优选的方法中,根据本发明的协同活性混合物的使用浓度为0.01重量%至10重量%、特别优选在0.05重量%至5重量%,在每种情况下均按所述混合物中包含的化妆品或药物产品的总质量计。
协同活性混合物可(a)预防性地或(b)根据需要进行使用。
例如每天待施用的活性物质的量的浓度是变化的,并且取决于受试者的生理状态和具体到个体的参数如年龄或体重。根据本发明的协同活性混合物既可单独使用也可与其它具有抗微生物作用的物质结合使用。
应该指出的是,在本文本的上下文中,根据本发明使用的1,2-烷二醇可以呈相应的2S-构型的对映体和2R-构型的对映体形式,也可以呈这些2S-和2R-构型的对映体的任意混合物的形式。由于商业原因,使用根据本发明待用的各自的1,2-烷二醇的外消旋体混合物以控制微生物确实特别有利,因为这些特别容易合成得到,但是这些对映体的纯对映体或非外消旋混合物同样适合于本发明的目的。
根据本发明的进一步的用途/方法以及混合物/组合物可以见自以下记述和所附专利权利要求。
含有根据本发明的混合物的制剂是,特别是如果它们被用来对抗导致体臭的微生物时,通常以溶液、霜剂、洗剂、凝胶、喷雾剂等形式局部地施用。至于其它目的,口服(片剂、胶囊、粉末、滴剂)、静脉内、眼内、腹膜内或肌内施用或以浸渍敷料形式施用在某些情况下是适当的。
根据本发明的混合物可以毫无困难地掺入常用的化妆品或皮肤病配方(制剂),例如尤其是泵式喷雾、气溶胶喷雾、霜剂、软膏、酊剂、洗剂、指甲护理产品(例如指甲油、洗甲水、指甲香脂)等。还可以并且在一些情况下有利的是,将根据本发明的(协同)混合物与其他活性物质,例如与其他具有抗微生物、抗真菌或抗病毒作用的物质进行组合。含有根据本发明的(协同)混合物的化妆品和/或皮肤病学/角质层病学(keratological)的配方可照常配置,且在皮肤病处理的意义上或护理化妆的意义上用于皮肤和/或毛发的处理。然而,它们也可用在彩妆的化妆产品中。
如果根据本发明的混合物用作有机材料的防腐的活性物质,那么另外可有利地使用另一或另外数种防腐剂。优选选择防腐剂如苯甲酸及其酯和盐、丙酸及其盐、水杨酸及其盐、2,4-己二烯酸(山梨酸)及其盐、甲醛和多聚甲醛、2-羟基联苯醚及其盐、2-锌硫桥吡啶-N-氧化物、无机亚硫酸盐和亚硫酸氢盐、碘酸钠、氯丁醇、4-乙基汞(II)-5-氨基-1,3-双(2-羟基苯甲酸)及其盐和酯、脱氢乙酸、甲酸、1,6-双(4-脒基-2-溴苯氧基)-正己烷及其盐、乙基汞(II)-硫代水杨酸的钠盐、苯基汞及其盐、10-十一碳烯酸及其盐、5-氨基-1,3-双(2-乙基己基)-5-甲基-六氢嘧啶、5-溴-5-硝基-1,3-二氧杂环乙烷、2-溴-2-硝基-1,3-丙二醇、2,4-二氯苄基醇、N-(4-氯苯基)-N′-(3,4-二氯苯基)-脲、4-氯-间-甲酚、2,4,4′-三氯-2′-羟基二苯基醚、4-氯-3,5-二甲基苯酚、1,1′-亚甲基-双(3-(1-羟甲基-2,4-二氧代咪唑烷-5-基)脲)、聚-(六亚甲基双胍)盐酸盐、2-苯氧基乙醇、六次甲基四胺、1-(3-氯烯丙基)-3,5,7-三氮杂-1-氮-金刚烷氯化物、1(4-氯苯氧基)1(1氢-咪唑-1-基)-3,3-二甲基-2-丁酮、1,3-双(羟甲基)-5,5-二甲基-2.4-咪唑烷二酮、苄醇、羟甲辛吡酮、1,2-二溴-2,4-二氰基丁烷、2,2′-亚甲基-双(6-溴-4-氯酚)、溴氯苯酚(bromochlorophen)、5-氯-2-甲基-3(2H)-异噻唑啉酮和2-甲基-3(2H)异噻唑啉酮与氯化镁和硝酸镁的混合物、2-苄基-4-氯苯酚、2-氯乙酰胺、洗必泰、醋酸洗必泰、葡萄糖酸洗必泰、盐酸洗必泰、1-苯氧基-丙-2-醇、N-烷基(C12-C22)三甲基溴化铵和N-烷基(C12-C22)三甲基氯化铵、4,4-二甲基-1,3-唑烷、N-羟甲基-N-(1,3-二(羟甲基)-2,5-二氧代咪唑烷-4-基)-N′-羟甲基脲、1,6-双(4-脒基-苯氧基)-正己烷及其盐、戊二醛、5-乙基-1-氮杂-3,7-二氧杂双环(3.3.0)辛烷、3-(4-氯苯氧基)-1,2-丙二醇、海胺(hyamine)、烷基-(C8-C18)-二甲基苄基氯化铵、烷基-(C8-C18)-二甲基苄基溴化铵、烷基-(C8-C18)-二甲基苄基糖精酸铵、苄基半缩甲醛、3-碘-2-丙炔基-氨基甲酸丁酯、羟甲基-氨基乙酸钠或羟甲基-氨基乙酸钠。
如果根据本发明的混合物主要用于抑制动物生物体之上或之中的不期望微生物的生长,则与其他具有抗细菌或抗真菌作用的物质组合在某些情况下也是优选的。在该程度上,作为其他活性物质,达到那样的程度,除了经典抗生素这一大类之外,还可特别提及与化妆品相关的产品,如三氯生、氯咪巴唑、辛氧基甘油、羟甲辛吡酮(1-羟基-4-甲基-6-(2,4,4-三甲基戊基)-2(1氢)-吡啶酮、2-氨基乙醇)、壳聚糖、金合欢醇、单月桂酸甘油酯、脂肪族和芳香族的异羟肟酸、托酚酮、桧木醇(hinokitiol)或上述物质的组合,其尤其用来对抗腋臭、脚臭或头皮屑。
尤其在化妆品制剂中,根据本发明的混合物可以有利地与更多常用组分组合,例如:
其他防腐剂、其他抗微生物剂例如其他抗细菌剂或杀真菌剂、研磨剂、抗痤疮剂、抗皮肤老化剂、溶脂剂、抗头皮屑剂、消炎剂、防过敏剂、过敏抑制剂、抗氧化剂、收敛剂、抑汗剂、消毒剂、抗静电剂、粘结剂、缓冲剂、载体材料、螯合剂、细胞刺激剂、清洁剂、护理剂、脱毛剂、表面活性物质、除臭剂、止汗剂、增塑剂、乳化剂、酶、精油、纤维、成膜剂、定色剂、发泡剂、泡沫稳定剂、消泡物质、泡沫促进剂、胶凝剂、凝胶形成剂、毛发护理剂、毛发定型剂、毛发平滑剂、水合剂、保湿剂、湿润剂、漂白剂、补强剂、去污剂、荧光增白剂、浸渍剂、驱污剂、减摩剂、滑润剂、保湿霜、软膏、遮光剂、塑化剂、乳浊剂、抛光剂、光泽剂、聚合物、粉剂、蛋白质、加脂剂、研磨剂、有机硅、舒缓皮肤剂、皮肤清洁剂、皮肤护理剂、皮肤愈合剂、亮肤剂、护肤剂、皮肤软化剂、冷却剂、皮肤冷却剂、加温剂、皮肤加温剂、稳定剂、紫外线吸收剂、紫外线过滤剂、清洁剂、织物柔软剂、悬浮剂、皮肤晒黑剂、增稠剂、维生素、油、蜡、脂肪、磷脂、饱和脂肪酸、单或多不饱和脂肪酸、α-羟基酸、多羟基脂肪酸、液化剂、染料、护色剂、颜料、防蚀剂、香料、调味料、有味物质、多元醇、表面活性剂、电解质、有机溶剂或有机硅衍生物。
此外,根据本发明的混合物也可与特别有利于抗体臭的抑汗活性物质(止汗剂)组合。铝盐如氯化铝,铝的盐酸盐、硝酸盐、硫酸盐、醋酸盐等主要用作止汗剂。但是,此外,锌、镁和锆的化合物的使用也可以是有利的。基本上,铝盐和(在稍低程度上)铝/锆盐的组合已证明适用于化妆品和皮肤病学止汗剂。另外,也可提及铝的羟基氯化物,其被皮肤部分中和并因此被皮肤更好地耐受,但是不是非常这么有效。
如果根据本发明的混合物被用作表面(例如人体或动物体)的抗微生物处理,在一些情形下与(金属)螯合剂的组合是有利的。优选使用的(金属)螯合剂尤其为α-羟基脂肪酸、植酸、乳铁蛋白、α-羟基酸如尤其是柠檬酸、乳酸和苹果酸以及腐殖酸、胆汁酸、胆汁提取物、胆红素、胆绿素或EDTA、EGTA以及它们的衍生物。
对于用途,将根据本发明的具有化妆品和/或皮肤病学作用的混合物以对于化妆品和皮肤治疗常见的方式以足量施用于皮肤上和/或毛发上。化妆品和皮肤病学制剂提供具体的优点,所述化妆品和皮肤病学制剂含有根据本发明的混合物并且另外用作防晒剂。有利地,这些制剂包含至少一种UVA过滤剂和/或至少一种UVB过滤剂和/或至少一种无机颜料。所述制剂可以呈多种形式,例如诸如防晒制剂所通常采用的。例如,它们可以呈溶液、油包水(W/O)型或水包油(O/W)型乳液、或多重乳液例如水包油包水(W/O/W)型乳液、凝胶、水性分散体、固体棒(stick)或气溶胶的形式。
如已提及的,包含根据本发明的混合物的制剂可以有利地与吸收UV辐射的物质组合,其中为了提供保护毛发或皮肤免受紫外线辐射的化妆品制剂,过滤物质的总量为例如0.01重量%至40重量%,优选0.1重量%至10重量%,特别是1.0重量%至5.0重量%,按所述制剂的总重量计。
在包含根据本发明的混合物的用于皮肤的局部预防或化妆处理的配方中,高比例的护理物质经常是有利的。根据一个优选的实施方案,组合物包含一种或更多种动物和/或植物脂肪和油如用于保养的橄榄油、葵花籽油、精制大豆油、棕榈油、芝麻油、菜子油、杏仁油、琉璃苣油、月见草油、椰子油、牛油树脂、霍霍巴油、鲸油、牛脂、牛蹄油和猪油,以及任选的其他用于保养的成分例如具有8-30个碳原子的脂肪醇。
可与根据本发明的协同混合物极好组合的护理物质还包括:
-神经酰胺,其中所述神经酰胺应被理解为N-酰基鞘氨醇(鞘氨醇的
脂肪酸酰胺)或这种脂质的合成相似物(所谓的假神经酰胺),其大
大地提高了角质层的保水能力。
-磷脂,例如大豆卵磷脂,蛋黄卵磷脂和脑磷脂
-矿油、石蜡油和硅油;所述硅油尤其包括二烷基硅氧烷和烷芳基硅氧
烷例如二甲基聚硅氧烷和甲基苯基聚硅氧烷、以及其烷氧基化和季铵
化衍生物。
包含根据本发明的混合物的化妆品制剂还可包含抗氧化剂,其中可以使用适用于或常用于化妆品和/或皮肤病应用的所有抗氧化剂。
包含根据本发明的混合物的化妆品制剂还可以包含维生素和维生素前体,其中可以使用适用于或常用于化妆品和/或皮肤病应用的所有维生素和维生素前体。尤其可以提及维生素和维生素前体如生育酚、维生素A、烟酸和烟碱、其他复合维生素B(B-complex vitamin),特别是维生素H和维生素C、泛酰醇及其衍生物,特别是泛酰醇的酯和醚以及泛酰醇的阳离子型衍生物,例如泛酰醇三醋酸酯、泛酰醇单乙基醚及其单醋酸酯和阳离子型泛酰醇衍生物。
包含根据本发明的混合物的化妆品制剂还可以包含消炎剂或缓解发红或瘙痒的活性物质。可以使用适用于或常用于化妆品和/或皮肤病应用的所有消炎剂或缓解发红或瘙痒的活性物质。
包含根据本发明的混合物的化妆品制剂还可以包含具有亮肤或晒黑皮肤作用的活性物质。根据本发明,可以使用适用于或常用于化妆品和/或皮肤病应用的所有亮肤或晒黑皮肤的活性物质。
包含根据本发明的混合物的化妆品制剂还可以包含阴离子型、阳离子型、非离子型和/或两性表面活性剂,尤其是当结晶或微晶固体例如无机微颜料被掺入到制剂中时。
下面以实施例为基础更详细地解释本发明。除非另有说明,否则数据均指重量。
实施例1:
根据本发明的三元混合物的协同功效
对含有如下组分的化妆品制剂进行充分防腐的比较:2-苯氧基乙醇(商品A,非根据本发明),1,2-癸二醇(产品B,非根据本发明),1,2-己二醇(产品C,非根据本发明),2-苯氧基乙醇和1,2-己二醇的二元混合物(产品D,非根据本发明),2-苯氧基乙醇和1,2-癸二醇的二元混合物(产品E,非根据本发明),1,2-癸二醇和1,2-己二醇的二元混合物(产品F,非根据本发明)以及2-苯氧基乙醇、1,2-癸二醇和1,2-己二醇的三元混合物(产品G,根据本发明)。
根据欧洲药典进行充分防腐的测试。
因而,测试由如下步骤组成:用合适的微生物的指定接种体污染制剂(如果可能的话在其最终部分中),将经接种的制剂在指定的温度下储存,以指定的时间间隔从容器中移取样品,以及测定移取的样品中微生物的数量。在测试条件下,如果在指定时间后在指定的温度下经接种的制剂中微生物计数有明显减少或任选地没有增加,那么防腐性能是充分的。测试程序的实验细节描述在欧洲药典(ISBN3-7692-2768-9;2001年第三版增刊,第421-422页,第5.1.3章)中。
测试用生物体:
下面的微生物菌株用于充分防腐的测试:
A:大肠杆菌ATCC8739
B:铜绿假单胞菌ATCC9027
C:金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus aureus)ATCC6538
D:白色念珠菌ATCC10231
E:黑曲霉ATCC16404
在多个测试系列中,初始的微生物计数(CFU/g;菌落形成单位/g;
“0”值)在1000000至1200000范围内。
配方:
对于充分防腐的测试,将根据本发明的活性物质的组合(产品G)以规定的量掺入O/W乳液中。为了比较,将对比产品(产品A至F)分别掺入单独的O/W乳液中。
表1:具有产品A至G的配方
结果:
表2中比较了所研究的由根据本发明的混合物(产品G)或对比体系(产品A和F)组成的活性物质的组合针对黑曲霉的防腐应力测试的结果。根据本发明的混合物(产品G)的协同作用可在刚刚48小时后黑曲霉的剩余微生物计数中看出。从表中可看出,在黑曲霉(对工业产品的防腐而言特别成问题的微生物)的情况下,通过使用剂量为1重量%的根据本发明的混合物,微生物计数在48小时内从1200000减少至14000。与此相反,剂量为1重量%的为了对比而测试的比较产品A至F在黑曲霉的情况下不能使菌落形成单位(CFU)的数量有如此显著地减少。因此,本测试系列显示,例如,根据本发明的活性物质的三元混合物相对于产品A至G具有协同改善的作用。
对于其他测试的生物体也获得了出色的效果,确认了根据本发明的产品G的优越性。
包含2-苯氧基乙醇、1,2-癸二醇和1,2-己二醇的三元混合物的协同抗微生
物作用的计算
为确定包含2-苯氧基乙醇、1,2-癸二醇和1,2-己二醇的三元混合物的潜在协同增强功效,根据实施例1中描述的测试程序对单独的物质、对各种二元混合物以及对根据本发明的三元混合物测定了CFU-减少性质。
表2:2-苯氧基乙醇(产品A,非根据本发明),1,2-癸二醇(产品B,非根据本发明),1,2-己二醇(产品C,非根据本发明),2-苯氧基乙醇和1,2-己二醇的二元混合物(产品D,非根据本发明),2-苯氧基乙醇和1,2-癸二醇的二元混合物(产品E,非根据本发明),2-苯氧基乙醇和1,2-己二醇的二元混合物(产品F,非根据本发明)以及2-苯氧基乙醇、1,2-癸二醇和1,2-己二醇的三元混合物(产品G,根据本发明)针对黑曲霉CFU-减少的测试以及对于选定二元和三元混合物计算出的协同指数值
结果:
根据本发明的三元混合物和非根据本发明的二元混合物的协同指数(SI值)根据Kull(文献:F.C.Kull等,Applied Microbiology第9卷第538-541页(1961);D.C.Steinberg,Cosmetics&Toiletries第115卷(11),59-62(2000))使用如下方程式进行计算。
二元混合物:SI=Z*D/A+Z*E/B
三元混合物:SI=Z*D/A+Z*E/B+Z*F/C
其中:
D、E、F:单种组分的比例因子(例如70重量%=因子0.70)
A、B、C:单种组分在48小时时间点的CFU
Z:二元/三元混合物在48小时时间点的CFU
如果获得低于1.00的值,则出现协同效应。高于1.00的值表示拮抗效应。在值恰好1.00时,既没有协同效应也没有拮抗效应。
以下示出对于根据本发明的含有0.70重量%的2-苯氧基乙醇、0.20重量%的1,2-癸二醇和0.10重量%的1,2-己二醇的三元混合物的协同指数的计算。
SI=14000*0.70/1100000+14000*0.20/1200000+14000*0.10/1000000=0.0126
0.0126的SI值表明包含2-苯氧基乙醇、1,2-癸二醇和1,2己二醇的混合物的高度显著的协同增强作用。
表2中给出的结果、特别是对于计算出的协同指数的那些清楚地表明根据本发明的含有2-苯氧基乙醇、1,2-癸二醇和1,2-己二醇的三元混合物(产品G)具有明确的协同增强抗微生物作用。在二元混合物(产品D-F)的情况下,没有检测到显著的协同效应,相反,在一些情况下相比于使用A、B和C的混合物甚至观察到了相反的协同效果(加强微生物生长)。
由此可以得出,再一次出人意料地,在三元混合物中令人惊异的清楚的协同效应不是由于混合3-组分体系中的仅仅两种组分的效果所致。
在针对包含2-苯氧基乙醇、1,2-癸二醇和作为1,2-己二醇替代物的1,2-戊二醇的三元混合物的另一实施例中得到如实施例1中所示的协同效应,对于。这些三元混合物作用的协同增强可归因于苯氧基乙醇和1,2-癸二醇在添加了1,2-己二醇或1,2-戊二醇的水相中的更佳可用性。短链的有抗微生物效果的二醇如1,2-己二醇或1,2-戊二醇可充当增溶剂,其增加了抗微生物效力远远更强的物质2-苯氧基乙醇和1,2-癸二醇在乳液水相(微生物的生存空间)中的浓度。
实施例2:化妆品/皮肤病实用实例
对于应用,以对化妆品常见的方式将含有协同有效的三元混合物与其他化妆品活性物质和添加剂以足量施用于皮肤上和/或毛发上。下面给出对于一些用途而言有利的制剂的实例:
用于调节皮肤水分的霜:
防晒配方:
洗发水配方:
彩妆的配方:
实施例3:
含有根据本发明的三元抗微生物混合物的其他配方
在下面表中:
3.1=亮肤日霜O/W
3.2=含植物提取物的皮肤舒缓乳液O/W
3.3=晒后香膏
3.4=身体喷雾
3.5=防晒乳液(O/W),宽波带保护
3.6=W/O晚霜
3.7=洗发水
3.8=自晒黑霜
3.9=修复护肤霜O/W
3.10=止汗剂/除臭剂滚珠
Claims (13)
1.一种混合物,其包含以下组分或由以下组分组成:
(a)2-苯氧基乙醇和
(b1+b2)至少两种不同的烷二醇,所述烷二醇选自1,2-癸二醇、1,2-辛二醇、1,2-己二醇和1,2-戊二醇。
2.根据权利要求1的混合物,其包含以下组分或由以下组分组成:
(a)2-苯氧基乙醇,
(b1)1,2-癸二醇和
(b2)1,2-己二醇和/或1,2-戊二醇。
3.根据权利要求1的混合物,其中组分(a)与组分(b1+b2)的重量比为0.3-1.2∶0.06-0.7。
4.根据前述权利要求中任一项的混合物,其中组分(a)与(b1)及(b2)的重量比为0.3-1.2∶0.05-0.4∶0.01-0.3。
5.根据前述权利要求中任一项的混合物,其中以协同增强抗微生物作用这样的方式来调节组分(a)与(b1+b2)的重量比和/或(a)与(b1)及(b2)的重量比。
6.一种化妆品制剂或药物制剂或食品,其包含:
—根据前述权利要求中任一项的抗微生物有效混合物,和
—其他常用组分。
7.根据权利要求6的化妆品制剂或药物制剂或食品,其中组分(a)和(b1+b2)的总量和/或组分(a)、(b1)和(b2)的总量按所述制剂或所述食品的总质量计为0.01重量%至10重量%。
8.根据权利要求6或7的化妆品制剂或药物制剂或食品,其包含:
0.30重量%至1.20重量%的2-苯氧基乙醇,
0.05重量%至0.40重量%的1,2-癸二醇,和
总量为0.01重量%至0.30重量%的1,2-己二醇和/或1,2-戊二醇,
在每种情况下,均按所述制剂或所述食品的总质量计。
9.根据权利要求6-8中任一项的化妆品制剂或药物制剂或食品,其中所述的组分(a)、(b1)和(b2)各自自身的浓度低于抗微生物有效浓度,但是所述的组分(a)、(b1)和(b2)的总浓度是抗微生物有效的。
10.2-苯氧基乙醇用于如权利要求1、3或5-9中任一项定义的组分(b1+b2)的抗微生物功效的协同增强或者如权利要求2或4-9中任一项定义的组分(b1)和(b2)的混合物的协同增强的用途。
11.一种对易腐烂产品的防腐或抗微生物处理的方法,采用如下步骤:
-使所述易腐烂产品与抗微生物有效量的根据权利要求1-5中任一项的混合物接触。
12.一种以下处理的方法:
(i)导致体臭的微生物的化妆处理,
(ii)导致痤疮的微生物的化妆处理,
(iii)导致霉菌病的微生物的化妆处理和/或
(iv)无生命物质之上或之中的微生物的处理,
其包括将抗微生物有效量的根据权利要求1-5中任一项的混合物或根据权利要求6-9中任一项的制剂施用在皮肤上或者无生命物质之上或之中。
13.根据权利要求1-5中任一项的混合物用于治疗处理以下微生物的用途:
(i)导致体臭的微生物,
(ii)导致痤疮的微生物和/或
(iii)导致霉菌病的微生物。
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CN106132393A (zh) * | 2014-03-25 | 2016-11-16 | 巴斯夫欧洲公司 | 防腐剂混合物以及用其稳定的聚合物溶液 |
CN106132393B (zh) * | 2014-03-25 | 2020-06-30 | 巴斯夫欧洲公司 | 防腐剂混合物以及用其稳定的聚合物溶液 |
US11737961B2 (en) | 2014-03-25 | 2023-08-29 | Basf Se | Preservation mixtures, and polymer solutions stabilized therewith |
CN112534031A (zh) * | 2018-07-18 | 2021-03-19 | 德国德之馨香精香料公司 | 洗涤剂组合物 |
CN109105476A (zh) * | 2018-08-13 | 2019-01-01 | 贵州省现代农业发展研究所 | 一种降低火龙果果腐病处理方法及保鲜剂 |
CN112063684A (zh) * | 2020-11-16 | 2020-12-11 | 广州智汇生物科技有限公司 | 检测化妆品中非法添加抗生素的方法以及试剂盒 |
CN112063684B (zh) * | 2020-11-16 | 2021-02-02 | 广州智汇生物科技有限公司 | 检测化妆品中非法添加抗生素的方法以及试剂盒 |
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BR102012028255B1 (pt) | 2020-12-08 |
EP2589291B2 (de) | 2019-08-21 |
JP6337333B2 (ja) | 2018-06-06 |
KR20130049729A (ko) | 2013-05-14 |
EP2589291A1 (de) | 2013-05-08 |
US9585388B2 (en) | 2017-03-07 |
CN108771637A (zh) | 2018-11-09 |
DE102011085798A1 (de) | 2013-05-08 |
US20130136709A1 (en) | 2013-05-30 |
KR102043869B1 (ko) | 2019-11-12 |
EP2589291B1 (de) | 2016-12-07 |
JP2013095754A (ja) | 2013-05-20 |
BR102012028255A2 (pt) | 2013-11-26 |
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