CN101787643B - A kind of washing process of reactive dye cleaning agent - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a washing process of a reactive dye detergent, in which the dyed product is sequentially washed with cold water, acid soaped, alkali washed, hot water washed and warm water washed, and then dried; the cold water washing adopts normal temperature water for 1 to 3 grids; Acidic soaping is soaping 1 to 2 grids in soaping liquid at 40-60°C, and the pH value of the soaping liquid is 3-5, and the amount of detergent in the soaping liquid is 0.6-1.2g/l; Washing is carried out in an alkaline solution with a pH of 8-10 at 40-50°C; washing with hot water is washing 1-2 grids in hot water at 90-95°C; washing with warm water is washing in warm water at 45-60°C Wash 1 to 2 grids in the middle. The invention is suitable for the water washing process after pad dyeing of reactive dyes, and has the advantages of soaping under acidic conditions, low soaping temperature, less water washing process, and can save a lot of water and steam. The rubbing fastness and soaping fastness of the washed textiles are better than the conventional washing process.

Description

A kind of washing process of reactive dye cleaning agent

technical field

The invention relates to the field of textile dyeing and finishing technology, in particular to a washing process of a detergent for pure cotton woven fabrics dyed with reactive dyes.

Background technique

Since the advent of reactive dyes in 1956, its development has been in a leading position. At present, the annual output of reactive dyes for cellulose fibers in the world accounts for about 20% of the total annual output of dyes. Due to the increase in the output of newly developed cellulose products such as Lyocell fiber and the steady growth of cotton fibers, the annual output of reactive dyes will continue increase.

During the dyeing process of reactive dyes, the surface of the dyed fabric is stained with a large number of floating dyes, including partially hydrolyzed dyes and dyes that have been adsorbed on the fibers without participating in the covalent reaction. They have certain directness to the fibers. It must be detached from the fiber and enter the aqueous solution with the help of external force and additives. Since the floating dye has a dynamic adsorption balance between the fiber and the cleaning solution, it will be re-adsorbed to the surface of the fiber after being eluted, resulting in floating dye. The color washing is not clean, and the wet rubbing fastness of the product cannot meet the requirements. The key to improving the cleaning effect is to transfer the floating dye to the cleaning solution as much as possible and disperse it stably in the cleaning solution, reducing the probability of secondary contamination of fibers.

To remove floating color after dyeing with reactive dyes, multiple washings must be performed to ensure the final quality of the finished product. The water consumption in the washing process generally accounts for more than 60% of the entire dyeing and finishing water, and the steam consumption in the dyeing and finishing process accounts for more than 60% of the total energy. Therefore, the energy saving and emission reduction of printing and dyeing enterprises is essentially the energy saving of water and steam. emission reduction; and for the entire printing and dyeing process, the washing process is the most important.

At present, the general washing process of printing and dyeing factories is as follows:

Dyeing → cold water washing 3 compartments → acid washing (acetic acid 1mL/L) → hot water washing 2 compartments (90°C) → alkaline soaping 3 compartments (detergent 5g/L, 95°C) → hot water washing 3 compartments (95°C ) → Wash 3 compartments in cold water → Dry (130°C). The so-called lattice is that in the washing process of woven textiles, every time a washing tank passes through, it is called a lattice, which is equivalent to washing once.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of cleaning process that can overcome the existing cleaning agent based on surfactant design, wash not clean, the water washing process of the active dye cleaning agent that has influence on environment.

First be the preparation of cleaning agent of the present invention:

1) Preparation of aqueous phase solution: first dissolving chitosan in acetic acid solution to obtain a chitosan solution with a mass percent concentration of 0.5 to 3%, then dissolving gelatin in water to obtain a gelatin solution with a mass concentration of 3 to 7% , the deacetylation degree of said chitosan is 89～96%, and the volume ratio of acetic acid solution is 2～6%;

By chitosan: gelatin is (1～4): the mass ratio of chitosan solution and gelatin solution are mixed to obtain chitosan/gelatin solution;

2) Emulsion preparation: add emulsifier to liquid paraffin at a volume ratio of emulsifier: liquid paraffin = 1: (100-300) to obtain a mixed solution of liquid paraffin and emulsifier, said emulsifier being Span 80 and emulsifier Wen 80, wherein the volume ratio of Span 80 and Tween 80 is (1～6): 1; Then by the volume ratio of chitosan/gelatin solution: liquid paraffin=1: (4～8) chitosan/ Add the gelatin solution to the mixed solution of liquid paraffin and emulsifier, and emulsify at 25-35°C for 10-25 minutes to obtain an emulsion;

3) Cross-linking and curing: add a glutaraldehyde solution with a mass concentration of 50% to the above emulsion dropwise, the mass ratio of glutaraldehyde to chitosan is 1: (2-5), and cross-link at 40-60°C 2 to 5 hours to crosslink and solidify the microspheres;

4) Post-treatment: wash the reaction product repeatedly with isopropanol and anhydrous ether to remove liquid paraffin, then place it in an oven at 40-55° C. to dry to obtain a reactive dye detergent based on chitosan/gelatin composite material.

Washing process of the present invention is as follows:

The dyed products are washed with cold water, acid soap, alkali, hot water and warm water in sequence, and then dried;

Said cold water washing adopts normal temperature water washing for 1 to 3 compartments;

Said acidic soaping is soaping 1 to 2 grids in the soaping liquid at 40-60°C, and the pH value of the soaping liquid is 3-5, and the consumption of cleaning agent in the soaping liquid is 0.6-1.2g/ l;

Said alkali washing is carried out in an alkaline solution with a pH of 8 to 10 at a temperature of 40 to 50°C;

The hot water washing is to wash 1 to 2 grids in hot water at 90-95°C;

Said warm water washing is washing 1 to 2 compartments in warm water of 45 to 60°C.

In the acidic soaping step, acetic acid or hydrochloric acid is used to adjust the pH value of the solution to 3-5.

Said alkaline solution is sodium bicarbonate or sodium carbonate solution.

Said drying temperature is 100-130°C.

Compared with prior art, the advantage of the present invention is:

1) Saving water and steam: hot water washing and pickling processes are omitted before soaping, saving water, and the temperature of the soaping process is reduced from 95°C in the conventional process to 40-60°C, saving the amount of steam and realizing energy saving and emission reduction the goal of.

2) Protecting dyes: the cleaning agent used in the traditional soaping process is generally alkaline. When soaping at high temperature, the reactive dyes that have been fixed on the fabric are prone to break bonds and be destroyed. The present invention adopts soaping under acidic conditions. And reducing the soaping temperature can achieve the effect of protecting the reactive dyes on cotton fabrics, and at the same time reduce the damage to the reactive dyes in the washing process.

3) The process is simple, the application prospect is wide, and it is suitable for industrialized production: the washing process proposed by the present invention is simple and easy, and the current equipment of the printing and dyeing factory can fully meet the process requirements.

4) Good cleaning effect: the cloth obtained by the washing process proposed by the present invention has better rubbing fastness and soaping fastness than cloth obtained by conventional washing.

Three kinds of pure cotton fabrics adopt the conventional water washing process and the water washing process of the present invention respectively under the same dyeing conditions. The results are compared as follows:

Table 1 Pure Cotton Fabric Routine Washing and Washing Effect Contrast of the present invention

Dry and wet rubbing fastness are measured according to GB/T3920-1997; soaping fastness is measured according to GB/T3921.3-1997.

From the comparative analysis of the test results, it is concluded that the rubbing fastness and soaping fastness of the reactive dyed cotton fabric after applying the washing process of the present invention are better than those obtained by conventional washing, and the quality is stable.

Detailed ways

Embodiment 1: one, the preparation of detergent:

1) Preparation of aqueous phase solution: at first dissolving chitosan with a degree of deacetylation of 96% in the acetic acid solution of 2% by volume to obtain a chitosan solution with a mass percent concentration of 0.5%, then dissolving gelatin in water Obtaining a gelatin solution with a mass concentration of 3%;

By chitosan: gelatin is 1: 1 mass ratio chitosan solution and gelatin solution are mixed to obtain chitosan/gelatin solution;

2) Emulsion preparation: add emulsifier to liquid paraffin to obtain a mixed solution of liquid paraffin and emulsifier by volume ratio of emulsifier: liquid paraffin=1:300, said emulsifier is Span 80 and Tween 80, wherein The volume ratio of Span 80 and Tween 80 is 1: 1; then chitosan/gelatin solution is added to the mixed solution of liquid paraffin and emulsifier by the volume ratio of chitosan/gelatin solution: liquid paraffin=1:4 medium, emulsified at 25°C for 25 minutes to obtain an emulsion;

3) Cross-linking and curing: add a glutaraldehyde solution with a mass concentration of 50% to the above emulsion dropwise, the mass ratio of glutaraldehyde to chitosan is 1:2, cross-link at 40°C for 5 hours to cross-link the microspheres curing;

4) Post-treatment: wash the reaction product repeatedly with isopropanol and anhydrous ether to remove liquid paraffin, and then place it in an oven at 40° C. to dry to obtain a reactive dye detergent based on chitosan/gelatin composite material.

Second, the washing process is as follows:

The dyed products are washed with cold water, acid soap, alkali, hot water and warm water in sequence, and then dried;

Said cold water washing adopts 2 grids of normal temperature water washing;

Said acidic soaping is soaping 1 lattice in the soaping liquid of the cleaning agent consumption 0.6g/l of 40 ℃, and the pH value is 5 with acetic acid regulation solution.

Said alkali washing is to carry out alkali washing in the sodium bicarbonate solution of 8 at the pH of 50 DEG C;

The so-called hot water washing is to wash one compartment in hot water at 90°C;

The so-called warm water washing is to wash 1 compartment in warm water at 60°C.

Said drying temperature is 100°C.

This embodiment is applicable to the washing process when reactive dyes dye light-colored varieties.

Embodiment 2: one, the preparation of detergent:

1) Preparation of aqueous phase solution: at first dissolving chitosan with a degree of deacetylation of 94% in acetic acid solution of 3% by volume to obtain a chitosan solution with a mass percent concentration of 1%, then dissolving gelatin in water Obtaining a gelatin solution with a mass concentration of 4%;

By chitosan: gelatin is the mass ratio of 2: 1 that chitosan solution and gelatin solution are mixed to obtain chitosan/gelatin solution;

2) Emulsion preparation: add emulsifier to liquid paraffin to obtain a mixed solution of liquid paraffin and emulsifier by volume ratio of emulsifier: liquid paraffin=1:150, said emulsifier is Span 80 and Tween 80, wherein The volume ratio of Span 80 and Tween 80 is 2: 1; then chitosan/gelatin solution is added to the mixed solution of liquid paraffin and emulsifier by the volume ratio of chitosan/gelatin solution: liquid paraffin=1:5 , emulsified at 30°C for 15 minutes to obtain an emulsion;

3) Cross-linking and curing: Add glutaraldehyde solution with a mass concentration of 50% to the above emulsion dropwise, the mass ratio of glutaraldehyde to chitosan is 1:3, cross-link at 45°C for 4 hours to cross-link the microspheres curing;

4) Post-treatment: wash the reaction product repeatedly with isopropanol and anhydrous ether to remove liquid paraffin, and then place it in an oven at 45° C. to dry to obtain a reactive dye detergent based on chitosan/gelatin composite material.

Second, the washing process is as follows:

The dyed products are washed with cold water, acid soap, alkali, hot water and warm water in sequence, and then dried;

Said cold water washing adopts normal temperature water washing for 1 cell;

Said acidic soaping is soaping 1 lattice in the soaping liquid of 0.8g/l detergent consumption of 50 ℃, and the pH value of adjusting solution with hydrochloric acid is 4.5;

Said alkali washing is to carry out alkali washing in the sodium carbonate solution of 9 in the pH of 45 ℃;

The hot water washing is to wash one cell in hot water at 93°C;

The so-called warm water washing is to wash 2 compartments in warm water at 55°C

Said drying temperature is 110°C.

This embodiment is applicable to the water washing process when dyeing light-colored varieties with reactive dyes.

Embodiment 3: one, the preparation of detergent:

1) Preparation of aqueous phase solution: at first dissolving chitosan with a degree of deacetylation of 92% in acetic acid solution of 4% by volume to obtain a chitosan solution with a mass percentage concentration of 2%, then dissolving gelatin in water Obtaining a gelatin solution with a mass concentration of 6%;

By chitosan: gelatin is the mass ratio of 3: 1 that chitosan solution and gelatin solution are mixed to obtain chitosan/gelatin solution;

2) Emulsion preparation: add emulsifier to liquid paraffin to obtain a mixed solution of liquid paraffin and emulsifier by volume ratio of emulsifier: liquid paraffin=1:200, said emulsifier is Span 80 and Tween 80, wherein The volume ratio of Span 80 and Tween 80 is 4: 1; then chitosan/gelatin solution is added to the mixed solution of liquid paraffin and emulsifier by the volume ratio of chitosan/gelatin solution: liquid paraffin=1:6 medium, emulsified at 28°C for 20 minutes to obtain an emulsion;

3) Cross-linking and curing: Add glutaraldehyde solution with a mass concentration of 50% to the above emulsion dropwise, the mass ratio of glutaraldehyde to chitosan is 1:4, cross-link at 55°C for 3h to cross-link the microspheres curing;

4) Post-treatment: wash the reaction product repeatedly with isopropanol and anhydrous ether to remove liquid paraffin, and then place it in an oven at 50° C. to dry to obtain a reactive dye detergent based on chitosan/gelatin composite material.

Second, the washing process is as follows:

The dyed products are washed with cold water, acid soap, alkali, hot water and warm water in sequence, and then dried;

Said cold water washing adopts 2 grids of normal temperature water washing;

Said acidic soaping is soaping 1 compartment in soaping solution with detergent dosage of 1g/l at 50°C, and adjusting the pH value of the solution to 3.5 with acetic acid;

Said alkali washing is to carry out alkali washing in the sodium carbonate solution of 9 in the pH of 45 ℃;

The hot water washing is to wash 2 grids in hot water at 90°C;

The so-called warm water washing is to wash 2 compartments in warm water at 50°C.

Said drying temperature is 120°C.

This embodiment is applicable to the washing process when reactive dyes dye medium-depth varieties.

Embodiment 4: one, the preparation of detergent:

1) Preparation of aqueous phase solution: at first dissolving chitosan with a degree of deacetylation of 89% in the acetic acid solution of 6% by volume to obtain a chitosan solution with a mass percent concentration of 3%, then dissolving gelatin in water Obtaining a gelatin solution with a mass concentration of 7%;

By chitosan: gelatin is the mass ratio of 4: 1 that chitosan solution and gelatin solution are mixed to obtain chitosan/gelatin solution;

2) Emulsion preparation: add emulsifier to liquid paraffin to obtain a mixed solution of liquid paraffin and emulsifier by volume ratio of emulsifier: liquid paraffin=1:100, said emulsifier is Span 80 and Tween 80, wherein The volume ratio of Span 80 and Tween 80 is 6: 1; then chitosan/gelatin solution is added to the mixed solution of liquid paraffin and emulsifier by the volume ratio of chitosan/gelatin solution: liquid paraffin=1:8 , emulsified at 35°C for 10 minutes to obtain an emulsion;

3) Cross-linking and curing: Add glutaraldehyde solution with a mass concentration of 50% to the above emulsion dropwise, the mass ratio of glutaraldehyde to chitosan is 1:5, cross-link at 60°C for 2h to cross-link the microspheres curing;

4) Post-treatment: wash the reaction product repeatedly with isopropanol and anhydrous ether to remove liquid paraffin, and then place it in an oven at 55° C. to dry to obtain a reactive dye detergent based on chitosan/gelatin composite material.

Second, the washing process is as follows:

The dyed products are washed with cold water, acid soap, alkali, hot water and warm water in sequence, and then dried;

Said cold water washing adopts 3 grids of normal temperature water washing;

Said acidic soaping is soaping 2 lattices in the soaping liquid of 1.2g/l detergent consumption of 60 ℃, and the pH value of adjusting solution with hydrochloric acid is 3;

Said alkali washing is to carry out alkali washing in the sodium bicarbonate solution of 10 at the pH of 40 DEG C;

The hot water washing is to wash 2 grids in hot water at 95°C;

The so-called warm water washing is to wash 2 compartments in warm water at 45°C

Said drying temperature is 130°C.

This embodiment is applicable to the washing process when reactive dyes dye dark varieties.

The post-washing treatment of reactive dyes is an important part of the whole dyeing process, which is of great significance to the fastness of dyed fabrics and the saving of dyeing time, energy and water. The washing process of reactive dyes generally includes cold water washing, hot water washing, soap washing, hot water washing, cold water washing, etc. Before soaping, wash with cold water and hot water. This is the dilution stage. The purpose is to remove as much as possible the salt, alkali and unfixed dyes on the surface of the fabric, which can make the next stage of soaping more effective. Neutralization in an acetic acid bath can prevent the dye from being hydrolyzed during the soaping process, and can also avoid unclean removal by alkaline agents.

The soaping process is to promote the unfixed hydrolyzed dye inside the fiber to diffuse to the surface of the fiber and desorb into the washing liquid at the same time. After soaping, it should be washed with hot water and cold water to further dilute and remove the dye adhered to the fiber, so that the unfixed dye on the dried fabric is as little as possible.

In the present invention, because the selected cleaning agent has good adsorption capacity to unfixed reactive dyes and hydrolyzed reactive dyes, the hot water washing process before soaping is omitted in the process, because chitosan is contained in the cleaning agent, Under acidic conditions, the detergent is positively charged and has a high adsorption capacity for reactive dyes. Therefore, in the soaping process, the pH should be controlled below 5.0. Before soaping, pickling should be omitted, and after soaping, sodium bicarbonate should be used for alkaline washing to make the pH of the cloth surface neutral.

Claims (4)

1. the washing process of an active dye detergent is characterized in that:

1) preparation of detergent:

1.1) preparation of aqueous phase solution: at first shitosan is dissolved in that to obtain mass percent concentration in the acetum be 0.5～3% chitosan solution; Be 3～7% gelatin solution with the gelatin mass concentration that obtains soluble in water then; The deacetylation of described shitosan is 89～96%, and the volume ratio of acetum is 2～6%;

By shitosan: gelatin is (1～4): 1 mass ratio with chitosan solution mix with gelatin solution shitosan/gelatin solution;

1.2) emulsion preparation: by emulsifying agent: atoleine=1: the volume ratio of (100～300) adds the mixed solution that emulsifying agent gets atoleine and emulsifying agent in atoleine; Described emulsifying agent is sorbester p17 and Tween 80, and wherein the volume ratio of sorbester p17 and Tween 80 is (1～6): 1; Again by shitosan/gelatin solution: atoleine=1: the volume ratio of (4～8) joins shitosan/gelatin solution in the mixed solution of atoleine and emulsifying agent, gets emulsion at 25～35 ℃ of emulsification 10～25min;

1.3) crosslinking curing: in above-mentioned emulsion, dropwise add mass concentration and be 50% glutaraldehyde solution, the mass ratio of glutaraldehyde and shitosan is 1: (2～5) make micro-sphere crosslinked curing at 40～60 ℃ of crosslinked 2～5h;

1.4) post processing: wash product repeatedly with isopropyl alcohol and absolute ether and remove atoleine, be placed on then and dryly in 40～55 ℃ the baking oven obtain active dye detergent based on shitosan/gelatin composite material;

2) product after will dyeing is soaped, is dried after the alkali cleaning, hot water wash, Warm Wash through cold wash, acidity successively;

Normal temperature washing 1～3 lattice are adopted in described cold wash;

It is 1～2 lattice of in 40～60 ℃ the liquid of soaping, soaping that described acidity is soaped, and the pH value of the liquid of soaping is 3～5, and the consumption of detergent is 0.6～1.2g/l in the soap lye;

Described alkali cleaning is in 40～50 ℃ pH is 8～10 alkaline solution, to carry out alkali cleaning;

Described hot water wash is in 90～95 ℃ hot water, to wash 1～2 lattice;

Described Warm Wash is in 45～60 ℃ warm water, to wash 1～2 lattice.

2. the washing process of active dye detergent according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said acidity is soaped and adopted the pH value of acetic acid or hydrochloric acid conditioning solution in the step is 3～5.

3. the washing process of active dye detergent according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: said alkaline solution is sodium acid carbonate or sodium carbonate liquor.

4. the washing process of active dye detergent according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: said bake out temperature is 100～130 ℃.