CN101563104A - 用于肿瘤或传染性疾病免疫预防或免疫治疗的多肽-核酸结合物 - Google Patents
用于肿瘤或传染性疾病免疫预防或免疫治疗的多肽-核酸结合物 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了组合物,其通过利用抗体/肽-核酸结合物的性质诱导靶细胞中免疫介导的和直接的死亡信号传导的交叉激活。所述结合物能够同时激活多个死亡信号传导机制,这些死亡信号传导机制特异性地靶向瘤细胞,包括肿瘤细胞。也公开了使用本发明所述的结合物作为免疫治疗方式(modality)用于治疗或预防瘤性疾病或其它疾病的方法。此外,公开了用于通过分析测试试剂的各种细胞毒性反应,包括肿瘤细胞之间超融合的体外诱导,识别这些结合物的方法。
Description
发明背景
发明领域
[0001]本发明总体上涉及免疫刺激治疗形式(immunostimulatory therapeuticmodalities),并且更特别地涉及抗体/肽-核酸结合物(抗体/肽-核酸偶联物,antibody/peptide-nucleic acid conjugate),其交叉刺激靶细胞中的免疫介导的信号传导和定向细胞死亡信号传导,还涉及使用这样的结合物预防或治疗肿瘤和/或其它疾病的方法。
背景信息
[0002]化学疗法是现代癌症控制的基石。化学治疗剂对细胞死亡的诱导涉及“内在”死亡信号传导途径的DNA损伤诱导激活,所述“内在”死亡信号传导途径依靠p53肿瘤抑制基因的功能。p53诱导细胞凋亡的机制包括促凋亡基因,如含有Bcl-2同源3(BH-3)-结构域的蛋白、PUMA(细胞凋亡的p53上调的调节剂)和Noxa的转录激活。这些基因编码蛋白,其通过多结构域Bcl-2家族成员BAX和BAK引发线粒体外膜的透化作用。细胞色素c(cyto c)的线粒体释放导致胱天蛋白酶-9的反式激活,并且Smac/DIABLO(胱天蛋白酶的第二线粒体衍生激活剂/低pH的直接IAP结合蛋白)的释放通过减轻细胞凋亡蛋白的X-连锁抑制剂(XIAP)的抑制效应来促进效应子胱天蛋白酶(-3和-7)的激活。激活的胱天蛋白酶通过切割维持细胞骨架和DNA完整性的关键底物来执行细胞死亡的最终事件。因此,肿瘤细胞对化学疗法诱导的细胞凋亡的易感性由p53/BAX-介导的线粒体死亡信号传导和对抗线粒体透化作用(Bcl-XL)和效应子胱天蛋白酶(XIAP)激活作用的存活蛋白的表达之间的动态平衡确定的。大部分人类癌症含有降低细胞对细胞凋亡易感性并限制化学疗法的抗肿瘤效力的遗传畸变(死亡信号传导蛋白的缺失/失活和/或生存信号的过表达/激活)。化学治疗剂的抗肿瘤效力可能由于它们被表达多种药物抗性蛋白的癌细胞排出,以及对正常组织的剂量限制性细胞毒性所限制。
[0003]尽管多种方法可用于引起对肿瘤细胞的天然和适应性免疫反应,但是癌细胞对免疫细胞毒性的内在抗性对免疫疗法的效力产生明显的限制。癌细胞通过特定的遗传变化的获得来增强它们对抗细胞毒免疫效应细胞攻击的能力,所述特定的遗传变化干扰由Granzyme B、干扰素-γ、和Apo 2配体/肿瘤坏死因子相关的细胞凋亡诱导配体(Apo2L/TRAIL)——免疫细胞介导的细胞毒性的三个关键调节子——导引的共有的线粒体死亡信号传导途径。Granzyme B和Apo2L/TRAIL两者通过效应胱天蛋白酶-3/-7的蛋白水解激活以及线粒体外膜透化作用的诱导来传导死亡信号,线粒体外膜透化作用通过BID的切割成为激活BAX和BAK的截短的形式。Smac/DIABLO的线粒体释放通过减轻XIAP的抑制作用促进效应胱天蛋白酶-3/-7的激活。肿瘤细胞对免疫学细胞毒性的易感性由XIAP的表达水平,以及通过Smac的线粒体释放抵消XIAP介导的效应胱天蛋白酶(-3/-7)的抑制的能力确定。这样,表达高水平XIAP,并且也由于Bcl-XL的共表达而无法引发Smac线粒体释放的癌细胞可能不允许效应胱天蛋白酶(-3/-7)的激活达到免疫细胞介导的细胞凋亡所要求的阈值。由于Bcl-XL的表达/活性,以及XIAP被受体诱导的信号(NK-κB、Akt、STAT3/5)上调,癌症中受体信号传导(如,表皮生长因子受体[EGFR]、HER2/neu、胰岛素样生长因子受体-1[IGF-1R]、细胞因子、共刺激分子)的过表达/激活可能限制它们对免疫学细胞毒性的易感性。由于无法在肿瘤微环境中激活和补充免疫效应子和/或无法特异地将免疫效应子靶向到肿瘤细胞,当今的癌症免疫疗法可能也因此受到限制。
发明概述
[0004]本发明是基于靶细胞中的免疫介导的和直接的死亡信号传导的交叉激活的统一方法。本发明利用了抗体/多肽-核酸结合物的特性,其包括同时激活特异性靶向肿瘤细胞的多个死亡信号传导机制,并克服癌细胞对标准治疗模式的内在(固有)抗性。而且,本发明可以用于肿瘤疾病和其它疾病的定向免疫疗法和免疫预防。
[0005]在一种实施方式中,公开了分离的抗体-核酸结合物或肽-核酸结合物,该结合物包括与肿瘤细胞、肿瘤血管系统和/或肿瘤微环境的组分的细胞组分特异结合的抗体或肽,以及一种或多种免疫刺激核酸序列(INAS),其中所述一种或多种核酸序列包括病原体相关性分子图式(pathogen-associated molecularpattern)(PAMP)或可以激活免疫细胞的其它基序。
[0006]一方面,所述抗体为嵌合抗体、多特异抗体、人源化抗体、单链抗体或Fab片段。
[0007]另一方面,所述细胞组分包括表皮生长因子受体(EGFR、ErbB-1、HER1)、ErbB-2(HER2/neu)、ErbB-3/HER3、ErbB-4/HER4、EGFR配体家族;胰岛素样生长因子受体(IGFR)家族、IGF-结合蛋白(IGFBPs)、IGFR配体家族;血小板衍生生长因子受体(PDGFR)家族、PDGFR配体家族;成纤维细胞生长因子受体(FGFR)家族、FGFR配体家族、血管内皮生长因子受体(VEGFR)家族、VEGF家族;HGF受体家族;TRK受体家族;肝配蛋白(EPH)受体家族;AXL受体家族;白细胞酪氨酸激酶(LTK)受体家族;TIE受体家族、血管形成素1,2;受体酪氨酸激酶样孤独受体(ROR)受体家族;盘状结构域(discoidin domain)受体(DDR)家族;RET受体家族;KLG受体家族;RYK受体家族;MuSK受体家族;转化生长因子β(TGF-β)受体、TGF-β;细胞因子受体、I类(血细胞生成素家族)和II类(干扰素/IL-10家族)受体、肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)受体超家族(TNFRSF)、死亡受体家族;睾丸癌(cancer-testis)(CT)抗原、谱系特异性抗原(lineage-specific antigen)、分化抗原、α-辅肌动蛋白-4、ARTC1、断裂点簇区-Abelson(Bcr-abl)融合产物、B-RAF、胱天蛋白酶-5(CASP-5)、胱天蛋白酶-8(CASP-8)、β-联蛋白(CTNNB1)、细胞分裂周期27(CDC27)、细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶4(CDK4)、CDKN2A、COA-1、dek-can融合蛋白、EFTUD-2、延伸因子2(ELF2)、Ets变体基因6/急性骨髓性白血病1基因ETS(ETC6-AML1)融合蛋白、纤连蛋白(FN)、GPNMB、低密度脂受体/GDP-L岩藻糖;β-D半乳糖2-α-L岩藻糖基转移酶(LDLR/FUT)融合蛋白、HLA-A2、HLA-A2基因中α2结构域的α螺旋第170个残基上精氨酸对异亮氨酸的替换(HLA-A*201-R170I)、HLA-A11、突变的热休克蛋白70-2(HSP70-2M)、KIAA0205、MART2、黑素瘤遍在突变的1、2、3(MUM-1、2、3)、前列腺酸性磷酸酶(PAP)、新-PAP、I类肌球蛋白、NFYC、OGT、OS-9、pml-RARα融合蛋白、PRDX5、PTPRK、K-ras(KRAS2)、N-ras(NRAS)、HRAS、RBAF600、SIRT2、SNRPD1、SYT-SSX1或-SSX2融合蛋白、丙糖磷酸异构酶、BAGE、BAGE-1、BAGE-2,3,4,5、GAGE-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8、GnT-V(异常N-乙酰氨基葡萄糖转移酶V、MGAT5)、HERV-K-MEL、KK-LC、KM-HN-1、LAGE、黑素瘤上CTL-识别的抗原(CAMEL)、MAGE-A1(MAGE-1)、MAGE-A2、MAGE-A3、MAGE-A4、MAGE-A5、MAGE-A6、MAGE-A8、MAGE-A9、MAGE-A10、MAGE-A11、MAGE-A12、MAGE-3、MAGE-B1、MAGE-B2、MAGE-B5、MAGE-B6、MAGE-C1、MAGE-C2、粘蛋白1(MUC1)、MART-1/Melan-A(MLANA)、gp100、gp100/Pmel17(SILV)、酪氨酸酶(TYR)、TRP-1、HAGE、NA-88、NY-ESO-1、NY-ESO-1/LAGE-2、SAGE、Sp17、SSX-1,2,3,4、TRP2-INT2、癌胚抗原(carcino embryonic antigen)(CEA)、激肽释放酶4、乳腺癌球蛋白-A(mammaglobin-A)、OA-1、前列腺特异抗原(PSA)、TRP-1/gp75、TRP-2、脂肪分化相关蛋(adipophilin)、黑素瘤2中不存在的干扰素可诱导的蛋白(AIM-2)、BING-4、CPSF、细胞周期蛋白D1、上皮细胞粘附分子(Ep-CAM)、EphA3、成纤维细胞生长因子-5(FGF-5)、糖蛋白250(gp250)、EGFR(ERBB1)、HER-2/neu(ERBB2)、白细胞介素13受体α2链(IL13Rα2)、IL-6受体、肠羧酯酶(iCE)、甲胎蛋白、M-CSF、mdm-2、MUC1、p53(TP53)、PBF、PRAME、PSMA、RAGE-1、RNF43、RU2AS、SOX10、STEAP1、生存蛋白(survivin)(BIRC5)、人端粒酶反转录酶(hTERT)、端粒酶、维耳姆斯瘤基因(WT1)、SYCP1、BRDT、SPANX、XAGE、ADAM2、PAGE-5、LIP1、CTAGE-1、CSAGE、MMA1、CAGE、BORIS、HOM-TES-85、AF15q14、HCA661、LDHC、MORC、SGY-1、SPO11、TPX1、NY-SAR-35、FTHL17、NXF2、TDRD1、TEX15、FATE、TPTE、免疫球蛋白独特型、本斯-琼斯蛋白、雌激素受体(ER)、雄激素受体(AR)、CD40、CD30、CD20、CD19、CD33、癌症抗原72-4(CA72-4)、癌症抗原15-3(CA15-3)、癌症抗原27-29(CA27-29)、癌症抗原125(CA125)、癌症抗原19-9(CA19-9)、β-人绒膜促性腺激素、鳞状细胞癌抗原、神经元特异性烯醇化酶、热休克蛋白gp96、GM2、沙格司亭、CTLA-4、707丙氨酸脯氨酸(707-AP)、T4细胞识别的腺癌抗原(ART-4)、癌胚抗原肽-1(CAP-1)、钙激活的氯通道-2(CLCA-2)、亲环蛋白B(Cyp-B)、人印戒瘤-2(HST-2)、人乳头状瘤病毒(HPV)蛋白(HPV-E6、HPV-E7、主要或次要衣壳抗原、其它)、埃巴病毒(EBV)蛋白(EBV潜伏膜蛋白-LMP1、LMP2;其它)、B或C型肝炎病毒蛋白和HIV蛋白。
[0008]在另一方面,“免疫刺激核酸序列(INAS)”是病原体相关性分子图式(PAMP)或能够激活免疫细胞的其它基序,包括但不限于CpG DNA(CpG)、单纯疱疹病毒(HSV)DNA、双链RNA(dsRNA)和单链RNA(ssRNA)。而且,INAS可能包括一种或多种沉默基因表达或诱导胞内死亡信号传导的核酸序列,包括但不限于双链RNA(dsRNA)、短链干扰RNA(siRNA)、短链发夹RNA(shRNA)或微小RNA。
[0009]在相关方面,INAS可能是编码或非编码序列。举例来说,在示例性的例子中,INAS可以是SEQ ID NO:1。
[0010]在相关方面,所述结合物包括与EGFR或HER2/neu特异结合的抗体和一种或多种免疫刺激核酸序列,其中一种或多种核酸序列包括如SEQ ID NO:1中所述的CpG DNA序列。
[0011]在一种实施方式中,公开了一种分离的肽-核酸结合物,其包括与目标肿瘤细胞、肿瘤血管和/或肿瘤微环境的组分的细胞组分结合的肽,以及一种或多种INAS,其中一种或多种核酸序列包括病原体相关性分子图式(PAMP)或可以激活免疫细胞的其它基序。
[0012]在一方面,与核酸序列结合的肽是由噬菌体展示(phage display)或其它来源衍生的,包括αvβ1整联蛋白(CRRETAWAC(SEQ ID NO:5))、αvβ3整联蛋白(CDCRGDCFC(SEQ ID NO:6)/RGD-4C;RGDWXE(SEQ ID NO:7))、αvβ5整联蛋白(TRGDTF(SEQ ID NO:8))、αvβ6整联蛋白(RGDLxxL(SEQ ID NO:9)或xxDLxxL(SEQ ID NO:10))、αIIβ3整联蛋白(SRGDM(SEQ ID NO:11))、αvβ5的膜联蛋白V模拟物(VVISYSMPD(SEQ ID NO:12))、E-选择蛋白(IELLQAR(SEQ IDNO:13))、上皮细胞线粒体(CNGRC-GG-(KLAKLAK)2(SEQ ID NO:14))、肝配蛋白-A2和肝配蛋白-A4(CVSNPRWKC(SEQ ID NO:15)、CHVLWSTRC(SEQ IDNO:16))、纤连蛋白(CWDDGWLC(SEQ ID NO:17))、ICAM-I或冯维勒布兰德因子(CPCFLLGCC (SEQ ID NO:18)/LLG-4C)、核纤层蛋白-1(DFKLFAVY(SEQ IDNO:19))、P-选择蛋白(EWVDV(SEQ ID NO:20))、MMP-9:整联蛋白复合物(D/E)(D/E)(G/L)W(SEQ ID NO:21)、MMP-9和MMP-2(明胶酶)(CTTHWGFTLC(SEQ ID NO:22))、内皮上的I类钙粘着蛋白(N-Ac-CHAVC-NH2)、VEGF的Flt-1区域NxxEIExYxxWxxxxxY (SEQ ID NO:23)、VEGF的KDR域(HTMYYHHYQHHL(SEQ ID NO:24)、ATWLPPR(SEQ ID NO:25)、VEGF受体(WHSDMEWWYLLG(SEQ ID NO:26))、RRKRRR(SEQ ID NO:27)、氨基肽酶N/CD 13(NGR)、NG2蛋白多糖(TAASGVRSMH(SEQ ID NO:28)、LTLRWVGLMS(SEQ ID NO:29))、肾上腺衍生肽(LMLPRAD(SEQ ID NO:30))、脂肪组织衍生肽(CKGGRAKDC SEQ ID NO:31))、脑衍生肽(SRl)、脑内皮衍生肽(CLSSRLDAC(SEQ ID NO:32))、神经胶质瘤细胞衍生肽(VGLPEHTQ(SEQ ID NO:33))、神经母细胞瘤衍生肽(VPWMEPAYQRFL(SEQ ID NO:34))、骨髓衍生肽(GGG、GFS、LWS)、乳腺癌(HER2/neu)衍生肽(LTVxPWx(SEQ ID NO:35)、LTVxPWY(SEQ IDNO:36)、HER2Ab/曲妥珠单抗模拟表位(Trastuzumab mimotope)-LLGPYELWELSH(SEQ ID NO:37))、直肠衍生肽(RPMC(SEQ ID NO:38))、肠衍生肽(YSGKWGW(SEQ ID NO:39))、头和颈鳞状细胞癌衍生肽(TSPLNIHNGQKL(SEQ ID NO:40))、肺血管衍生肽(CGFELETC(SEQ ID NO:41))、冠状动脉内皮衍生肽(NSVRDL(G/S)(SEQ ID NO:42)、NSVSSx(S/A)(SEQ ID NO:43))、淋巴管衍生肽(CGNKRTRGC(SEQ ID NO:44)/Lyp-1)、多器官衍生肽(GVL、EGRx(SEQ IDNO:45)、xFG(G/V)(SEQ ID NO:46))、胰岛衍生肽(CVSSNPRWKC(SEQ ID NO:47)、CHVLWSTRC(SEQ ID NO:48))、胰腺衍生肽(SWCEPGWCR(SEQ ID NO:49))、前列腺衍生肽(AGG、DPRATPGS(SEQ ID NO:50)、SMSIARL(SEQ ID NO:51)、CGRRAGGSC(SEQ ID NO:52)、GVL)、视网膜衍生肽(RDV、CSCFRDVCC(SEQ IDNO:53))、致畸因子配体衍生肽(TPKTSVT(SEQ ID NO:54))和子宫衍生肽(GLSGGRS(SEQ ID NO:55))。
[0013]在另一种实施方式中,公开了一种预防或治疗肿瘤疾病的方法,包括给予需要的对象一种组合物,其包含多肽/肽-核酸结合物,其中所述结合物包括与肿瘤细胞、肿瘤血管和/或肿瘤微环境的组分的细胞组分特异结合的多肽/肽,以及一种或多种免疫刺激核酸序列,其中一种或多种所述核酸序列包括病原体相关性分子图式(PAMP)。
[0014]一方面,所述方法进一步包括从对象移取免疫细胞,将所述细胞与结合物离体(ex vivo)接触,并且将该细胞重新引入该对象。在进一步的方面,所述方法包括给予其它试剂,包括化疗剂、电离辐射、激素疗法、细胞免疫疗法、疫苗、单克隆抗体、生物疗法、抗血管生成疗法或小分子靶向疗法。
[0015]在另一方面,所述肿瘤疾病包括但不限于头颈癌、呼吸消化道癌、胃肠癌、食道癌、胃癌、胰腺癌、肝-胆/肝癌、直肠癌、肛癌、小肠癌、生殖-泌尿器官癌、泌尿道癌、肾癌、输尿管癌、睾丸癌、尿道/阴茎癌、妇科癌、卵巢/输卵管癌、腹膜癌、子宫/子宫内膜癌、宫颈/阴道/外阴癌、妊娠滋养层细胞病、前列腺癌、骨癌、肉瘤(软组织/骨)、肺癌、间皮瘤、纵膈癌、乳腺癌、中枢神经系统癌、脑癌、黑素瘤、白血病、淋巴瘤(何杰金氏病和非何杰金氏病)、浆细胞瘤、骨髓瘤、脊髓发育不良综合症、内分泌腺肿瘤、皮肤癌、黑素瘤、甲状腺癌、副甲状腺癌、肾上腺、胰腺内分泌腺癌、良性肿瘤、多分泌腺癌、AIDS相关恶性肿瘤、未知的原发部位癌和各种儿童期癌症。优选地,所述对象为人类。
[0016]在另一实施方式中,公开了一种识别诱导免疫细胞激活/成熟和靶细胞死亡的核酸结合物的方法,包括将一种或多种细胞在体外与测试核酸结合物接触,所述核酸结合物含有与肿瘤细胞、肿瘤血管、和/或肿瘤微环境的组分的细胞组分特异结合的抗体或肽,其中所述抗体或肽与含有一种或多种免疫刺激核酸序列(INAS)的核酸结合,并且其中一种或多种所述核酸序列包括病原体相关性分子图式(PAMP);以及在存在或不存在免疫细胞的情况下确定一种或多种细胞中标记物的诱导或表型变化,其中在测试抗体/肽-核酸结合物存在的情况下确定的诱导或变化表示免疫细胞激活/成熟、靶细胞信号传导的调控和靶细胞死亡。
[0017]在另一实施方式中,公开了分离的抗体-核酸结合物,包括与诸如树突细胞(DC)的免疫细胞的细胞组分结合的抗体,及一种或多种免疫刺激核酸序列(INAS),其中一种或多种所述核酸序列包括病原体相关性分子图式(PAMP)或能够激活免疫细胞的其它基序。
[0018]一方面,所述抗体与树突细胞的细胞组分结合,包括但不限于DC抗原摄取受体(uptake receptor)、C型凝集素样受体、树突状细胞特异ICAM-3-捕获非整联蛋白(dendritic cell-specific ICAM-3-grabbing nonintegrin)(DC-SIGN,CD209)、巨噬细胞甘露糖受体(MMR,MRC-1)、DEC-205(LY75)和FLT3。
[0019]一方面,所述方法包括给予抗体/肽-核酸结合物,其中所述核酸序列沉默基因表达或诱导胞内死亡信号传导。
[0020]另一方面,抗体-核酸结合物进一步与肿瘤细胞衍生的抗原结合。
[0021]另一方面,抗体-核酸结合物进一步与传染性微生物或病原微生物衍生的抗原结合,所述传染性微生物或病原微生物包括病毒、细菌、分支杆菌、螺旋体、真菌、立克次氏体、支原体、衣原体、原生动物和后生动物寄生虫或蠕虫。
[0022]在另一实施方式中,公开了预防或治疗肿瘤或传染性疾病的方法,包括给予需要的对象包含抗体/肽-核酸结合物的组合物,其中该组合物包含与树突细胞、肿瘤细胞或微生物/病原生物衍生的抗原肽结合的抗体,和一种或多种免疫刺激核酸序列(INAS),其中一种或多种所述核酸序列包括病原体相关性分子图式(PAMP)或能够激活免疫细胞的其它基序。
[0023]根据本发明的示例性方法和组合物被详细描述。
附图简述
[0024]图1显示了核苷酸(DNA/RNA)-结合的抗体。
[0025]图2显示了核苷酸(DNA/RNA)-结合的肿瘤靶向肽。
[0026]图3显示了DNA-抗体的作用机理。
[0027]图4示出了显示CpG DNA-结合的抗EGFR抗体和抗HER2抗体的免疫印迹。
[0028]图5是显示通过抗EGFR抗体(EGFR Ab)或CpG DNA-结合的抗EGFR抗体(EGFR Ab-CpG A/C)对EGFR磷酸化作用(Tyr 1068)的抑制的免疫印迹。
[0029]图6是在用EGFR抗体-CpG DNA结合物(EGFR Ab-CpG A)而非结合到对照DNA的EGFR抗体(对照)处理后,CD56+ PBMCs扩增的流式细胞计数分析图。
[0030]图7是FACS分析图,其显示了树突状细胞通过CpG DNA-结合的抗EGFR抗体的成熟。
[0031]图8是显示CpG DNA结合的抗EGFR抗体对HT-29肿瘤细胞死亡的诱导作为PBMC:肿瘤细胞之比的函数的图。
[0032]图9是显示CpG DNA结合的抗EGFR抗体对HT-29肿瘤细胞死亡的诱导作为时间的函数的图。
[0033]图10显示柱状图,其示出了CpG DNA结合的抗体对PBMCs中干扰素γ(IFN-γ)和Apo2L/TRAIL表达的影响。图A)显示了通过ELISA对用抗EGFR抗体(抗EGFR Ab)5μg/ml、抗-人HER2抗体(抗-HER2 Ab)5μg/ml、CpG A ODN(CpG DNA)5μg/ml、抗EGFR AB-CpG DNA 5μg/ml、抗HER-2Ab-CpG DNA 5μg/ml处理或未处理(对照)的PBMCs的上清液中IFN-γ的定量(pg/ml)。图B)显示了通过ELISA对用抗EGFR抗体(抗EGFR Ab)5μg/ml、抗人HER2抗体(抗HER2 Ab)5μg/ml、CpG A ODN(CpG DNA)5μg/ml、抗EGFR Ab-CpG DNA 5μg/ml、抗HER2Ab-CpG DNA 5μg/ml处理或未处理(对照)的PBMCs的上清液中Apo2L/TRAIL的定量(pg/ml)。
[0034]图11A和11B是显示作为向(neu-N)-转基因小鼠肿瘤内或全身给予CpG DNA-结合的抗neu抗体的响应,肿瘤生长抑制和肿瘤体积减小的图。(A)未处理的对照。(B)CpG DNA结合抗体处理的细胞。
[0035]图12是显示给予CpG DNA-结合的抗EGFR抗体后EGFR+HT-29肿瘤生长抑制的图。
发明详述
[0036]在描述本发明组合物、方法以及方法学之前,应该理解本发明不限于所述的特定组合物、方法和实验条件,因为这些组合物、方法和条件可以变化。也应该理解本文所用的术语仅是出于描述特定实施方式的目的,并非意欲限制,因为本发明的范围仅由所附权利要求书限制。
[0037]如在本说明书和所述权利要求书中所用,单数形式的“一/一个(a)”“一/一个(an)”和“该/所述(the)”包括复数指代物,除非上下文有明确不同地表示。因此,举例来说,对“核酸”的指代包括一种或多种核酸,和/或本文所述类型的组合物,其在本领域技术人员阅读本公开等之后将变得明显。
[0038]除非另外定义,本文所用的所有技术和科学术语具有与本发明所属领域普通技术人员通常理解的相同的含义。与本文所述那些类似或等同的任何方法和材料可以用于实施或测试本发明,原因是应该理解修改和变化包含在本公开内容的精神和范围中。
[0039]免疫刺激DNA结合的或RNA结合的抗体/肽的引入激活了靶细胞(如肿瘤细胞)中的死亡信号传导(图1和图2)。尽管不被理论限制,并且与化学治疗剂的遗传毒性效应相反,DNA-结合的或RNA结合的抗体/肽的使用能够激活靶细胞中的死亡信号传导,而对不表达靶分子或与肿瘤细胞相比表达明显较低水平的分子的正常组织没有相应的效应(图3)。
[0040]此外,免疫刺激DNA结合的或RNA结合的抗体可以同时激活免疫系统,向靶细胞中补充免疫效应细胞,并使肿瘤细胞对免疫学细胞毒性敏感(如,通过同时阻断生长因子介导的信号传导)。免疫效应细胞与直接DNA-或RNA-诱导的死亡信号传导合作以诱导肿瘤细胞的凋亡。此外,例如,由凋亡的肿瘤细胞释放的肿瘤抗原被树突细胞(DCs)呈递,以产生持久的适应性抗肿瘤免疫反应。该方法可能通过在这些细胞中激活胞内死亡信号传导来允许对肿瘤细胞的选择性靶向和免疫学消除,而对正常细胞没有毒性。
[0041]用CpG DNA结合的抗EGFR抗体处理表达EGFR的癌细胞或用CpGDNA结合的抗HER2/neu抗体处理表达HER2/neu的癌细胞导致在不存在PBMCs的情况下直接靶向的受体特异死亡。作为对核苷酸结合的抗体处理的反应,靶细胞失调的细胞-细胞融合导致具有有限生命周期和受损的复制能力的合生(杂交或多核的)细胞(coalesced cell)的形成。靶细胞死亡的新形式(细胞超融合(hyperfusion))在对用未结合的母抗体(抗EGFR抗体或抗HER2/neu抗体)或自由CpG DNA处理的反应中没有观察到。
[0042]细胞超融合可通过检验细胞存活/增殖的方法观察到,这些方法包括但不限于相差显微镜、台盼蓝排除(trypan blue exclusion)、结晶紫染色(crystal violetstaining)、合生细胞体的检测和/或多核细胞体形成的检测。
[0043]一方面,DNA结合的或RNA结合的多肽/肽同时激活肿瘤细胞周围的抗肿瘤免疫反应并抑制肿瘤血管生成。在相关的方面,靶向肿瘤细胞、肿瘤血管或肿瘤微环境的多肽/肽辅助免疫刺激DNA/RNA输送到肿瘤,并且也抑制肿瘤血管生成。
[0044]一方面,本发明的结合物被单独使用或与其它抗癌剂组合使用,如化疗剂离子辐射、激素疗法、细胞因子、免疫疗法、细胞疗法、疫苗、单克隆抗体、抗血管生成剂、靶向疗法(小分子药物)或生物疗法。举例来说,化疗剂包括但不限于抗肿瘤烷基化试剂,如芥末(Mustard)(盐酸二氯甲基二乙胺、苯丙氨酸氮芥、苯丁酸氮芥、环磷酰胺、异环磷酰胺、白消安)、亚硝基脲(Nitrosoureas)(BCNU/亚硝(基)脲氮芥、CCNU/环己亚硝脲、MeCCNU/甲基环己亚硝脲、福莫司汀、链脲霉素)、四嗪(氮烯唑胺、米托唑胺、替莫唑胺)、氮杂环丙烷(三胺硫磷、丝裂霉素C、AZQ/地吖醌)、盐酸甲苄肼、六甲三聚氰胺、阿多来新;顺氯氨铂及其类似物、顺氯氨铂、卡铂、奥沙利铂;抗代谢物质、甲氨蝶呤、其它抗叶酸物、5-氟嘧啶(5-氟代尿嘧啶/5-FU)、阿糖胞苷、阿扎胞苷、吉西他滨、6-硫代嘌呤(6-巯基嘌呤、硫代鸟嘌呤)、羟基脲;拓扑异构酶交互试剂表鬼臼毒素(epipodophyllotoxins)(依托泊苷、替尼泊苷)、喜树碱类似物(盐酸托泊替堪、伊立替康、9-氨基喜树碱)、蒽环霉素及相关化合物(盐酸阿霉素、脂质体蒽环霉素、盐酸道诺红霉素、盐酸道诺红霉素脂质体柠檬酸盐(daunorubicin HCl citrate liposomal)、表阿霉素、去甲氧柔红霉素)、米托蒽醌、洛索蒽醌、放线菌素-D、安吖啶、吡唑并吖啶;抗微管试剂长春花生物碱(Vinca alkaloids)(去乙酰长春酰胺、长春新碱、长春碱、长春瑞滨)、紫杉烷(紫杉醇、多烯紫杉醇)、雌氮芥;氟达拉滨、2-氯脱氧腺苷、2′-脱氧助间型霉素、高三尖杉酯碱、苏拉明、争光霉素、L-天冬酰胺酶、氟尿苷、卡培他滨、克拉屈滨、甲酰四氢叶酸、喷司他丁、类维生素A(全顺式维生素A酸、13-反式-维生素A酸、9-反式-维生素A酸、异维甲酸、维甲酸)、帕米磷酸盐、酞胺哌啶酮、环孢霉素;激素疗法抗雌激素药(它莫西芬、托瑞米芬、醋酸甲羟孕酮、醋酸甲地孕酮)、芳香化酶抑制剂(氨基苯乙哌啶酮、来曲唑(letrozole/femara)、阿那曲唑(anastrozole/arimidex)、依西美坦/阿诺新(exemestane/aromasin)、伏氯唑)、促性腺激素-释放激素类似物、抗雄激素药(氟他胺、卡地索)、氟羚甲基睾丸素、二乙基已烯雌酚、奥曲肽、醋酸亮丙瑞林、醋酸性瑞林;甾体和非甾体抗炎剂(地塞米松、泼尼松);单克隆抗体,包括但不限于抗HER2/neu抗体(曲妥珠单抗(herceptin/trastuzumab))、抗EGFR抗体(尔必得舒(cetuximab/erbitux)、ABX-EGF/帕尼单抗(panitumumab)、尼妥珠单抗(nimotuzumab))、抗CD20抗体(利妥昔单抗(rituxan/rituximab)、替伊莫单抗/伊勃单抗(ibritumomab/Zevalin)、托西莫单抗/百克沙(tositumomab/Bexxar))、抗CD33抗体(吉妥单抗(gemtuzumab/MyloTarg))、阿仑单抗/坎帕斯(alemtuzumab/Campath)、贝伐单抗/阿瓦斯丁(bevacizumab/Avastin);和小分子抑制剂。
[0045]用在这里,“免疫效应细胞”包括T细胞、NK细胞、B细胞、巨噬细胞和树突细胞(DC)。
[0046]用在这里,“肿瘤靶向肽”包括含有少于100个氨基酸的聚合物,其中所述聚合物特异性地与肿瘤细胞、肿瘤血管和/或肿瘤微环境的组分的细胞组分结合。
[0047]用在这里,包括其语法变体的“瘤(neoplasm)”表示组织新的和异常的生长,这可能是良性的或癌性的。在相关的方面,瘤表示肿瘤疾病或病症,包括但不限于各种癌症。举例来说,这样的癌症可以包括前列腺癌、胰腺癌、胆癌、直肠癌、黑素瘤、肉瘤、肝癌、肾癌、肺癌、睾丸癌、乳腺癌、卵巢癌、胰腺癌、脑癌、头颈癌、色素瘤、白血病、淋巴癌等。
[0048]用在这里,包括其语法变体的“对象(subject)”表示人或脊椎动物,包括狗、猫、马、牛、猪、绵羊、山羊、鸡、猴、大鼠和小鼠。
[0049]用在这里,包括其语法变体的“结合(偶联,conjugation)”表示外源DNA与靶特异的抗体和/或肽通过化学地、静电地、非共价地或通过其它技术直接连接(linking)、偶联(coupling)、结合(binding)等。举例来说,当前公开的分离的抗体-核酸结合物或肽-核酸落在这个定义中。
[0050]“免疫刺激核酸序列(INAS)”是指病原体相关性分子图式(PAMP)或能激活免疫细胞的其它基序这样的核酸分子,包括但不限于CpG DNA(CpG)、单纯疱疹病毒(HSV)DNA、双链DNA(dsDNA)、和单链RNA(ssRNA)。在相关的方面,INAS可能是编码或非编码序列。举例来说,在一个示例性的实例中,CpG可能是SEQ ID NO:1。
[0051]一方面,这样的免疫刺激核酸分子是CpG(即“CpG DNA”或含有胞嘧啶接着鸟嘌呤并通过磷酸键连接的DNA)并且结合到免疫效应细胞(如T细胞、NK细胞、B细胞和树突细胞(DC))上的Toll样受体(TLRs)。在相关的方面,TLRs基于入侵生物体上显示的,被称为病原体相关性分子图式(PAMPS)的基序来检测病原体。
[0052]在一种实施方式中,本发明提供了包含由下式代表的CpG基序的免疫刺激核酸序列:
5′N1X1CGX2N23′
[0053]其中至少一个核苷酸分隔连续的CpGs;X1是腺嘌呤、鸟嘌呤或胸腺嘧啶;X2是胞嘧啶或胸腺嘧啶;N是任意核苷酸且N1+N2为约0-26个碱基,条件是N1和N2不含CCGG四聚体或一个以上的CCG或CGG三聚体;并且该核酸序列长度为约8-30个碱基。
[0054]在另一实施方式中,本发明提供了包含由下式代表的CpG基序的分离的免疫刺激核酸序列:
5′N1X1X2CGX3X4N23′
[0055]其中至少一种核苷酸分隔连续的CpGs;X1X2包括GpT、GpG、GpA、ApT和ApA;X3X4包括TpT或CpT;N是任意核苷酸且N1+N2为约0-26个碱基,条件式N1和N2不含CCGG四聚体或一个以上的CCG或CGG三聚体;并且该核酸序列长度为约8-30个碱基。
[0056]在相关的方面,本发明所述的免疫刺激核酸序列包括选自GpT、GpG、GpA和ApA的X1X2和选自TpT、CpT和GpT的X3X4。为了帮助摄取入细胞,含有CpG的免疫刺激核酸分子长度可以在8到30个碱基的范围。然而,如果有足够的免疫刺激的基序存在,任意大小的核酸(甚至几千个碱基的长度)都是免疫刺激的,因为这些较大的核酸在细胞内被降解为寡核苷酸。在另一方面,合成的寡核苷酸在或靠近5′和/或3′末端不包含CCGG四聚体或一个以上的CCG或CGG三聚体,和/或共有的促有丝分裂CpG基序不是回文序列。使用稳定化的寡核苷酸可以获得延长的免疫刺激,其中所述寡核苷酸加入磷酸骨架修饰。举例来说,该修饰是硫代磷酸酯或二硫代磷酸酯修饰。更特别地,所述磷酸骨架修饰发生在核酸的5′端,例如,在核酸5′端的头两个核苷酸上。而且,磷酸骨架修饰可能发生在核酸的3′端,例如,在核酸3′端的最后5个核苷酸上。
[0057]一方面,当其为寡核苷酸时,CpG DNA的大小在8到30个碱基的范围内。可选地,CpG二核苷酸可以在质粒中大规模生产,其在给予对象后降解成寡核苷酸。另一方面,核酸分子对B细胞、单核细胞和/或天然杀伤细胞反应(如细胞因子、增殖、裂解或其它反应)具有相对高的刺激指数(stimulation index)。
[0058]示例性的序列包括:5′gsgsGGACGACGTCGTG gsgsgsgsgsG 3′(SEQID NO:1)和5′gsgsGGGAGCATGCTGgsgsgsgsgsG 3′(SEQ ID NO:2)。
[0059]“稳定化的核酸分子”将指对体内降解(如通过核酸外切酶或核酸内切酶)具有相对抗性的核酸分子。稳定化作用可以是长度或二级结构的函数。几十到几百kbs长的含有未甲基化的CpG的核酸分子对体内降解具有相对的抗性。对较短的免疫刺激核酸分子,二级结构可以稳定并增大它们的效果。举例来说,如果核酸分子的3′末端与上游区域自身互补,以便其能够对折并形成一种茎环结构,那么该核酸分子变得稳定并因此显示更高的活性。
[0060]一方面,本发明的稳定化的核酸分子具有修饰的骨架。对于免疫刺激的使用,稳定化的核酸分子可以包括硫代磷酸酯(即核酸分子中至少一个磷酸氧被硫取代)或二硫代磷酸酯修饰的核酸分子。更特别地,磷酸骨架修饰发生在核酸的5′端,例如在核酸5′端头两个核苷酸上。而且,磷酸骨架修饰可能发生在核酸的3′端,例如,在核酸3′端的最后5个核苷酸上。除了稳定核酸分子,如本文进一步报道的,硫代磷酸酯修饰的核酸分子(包括二硫代磷酸酯修饰的)可以提高核酸分子免疫刺激的程度。举例来说,具有硫代磷酸酯骨架的含有未甲基化的CpG的核酸分子被发现激活B细胞活性,而具有磷酸二酯骨架的含有未甲基化的CpG的核酸分子被发现激活单核细胞(巨噬细胞、树突细胞和单核细胞)和NK细胞。含有人基序的硫代磷酸酯CpG寡核苷酸也是单核细胞和NK细胞的强激活剂。
[0061]其它稳定化的核酸分子包括:非离子的DNA类似物,如烷基-和芳基-膦酸酯(其中带电荷的膦酸酯氧被烷基或芳基基团取代)、磷酸二酯和烷基磷酸三酯,其中带电荷的氧部分被烷基化。含有二醇的核酸分子,如四乙烯基甘油或六乙烯基甘油,在任一或两个末端也显示基本上抗核酸酶降解。一方面,核酸分子含有肽键(即肽核酸:PNAs)。
[0062]对于本发明所述的免疫刺激核酸分子(INAS),INAS可以以多种方式与肽或多肽偶联,这些方式包括但不限于结合(键)。多核苷酸部分可以与包含共价和/或非共价作用的结合物的肽或多肽部分偶联。一般地,INAS和肽或多肽以允许通过肿瘤或靶细胞增强或辅助结合物的摄取的方式连接。
[0063]肽或多肽与INAS之间的连接可以在INAS的3′或5′端,或在INAS内部位置中适当修饰的碱基上进行。如果该肽或多肽含有合适的反应基团(如N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺酯),其可以直接与胞嘧啶残基的N4氨基基团反应。取决于INAS中胞嘧啶残基的数量和位置,可以实现在一个或多个残基上特异性偶联。
[0064]结合物的多肽分子可以是免疫球蛋白。用在这里,术语“免疫球蛋白”包括天然或人工的单-或多化合价的抗体,包括但不限于多克隆抗体、单克隆抗体、多特异抗体、人抗体、人源化抗体或嵌合抗体、单链抗体、Fab片段、F(ab′)片段、Fab表达文库产生的片段、抗-独特型(抗Id)抗体(包括如,对本发明抗体的抗Id抗体)和上述任意的表位-结合片段。术语“抗体”,用在这里,是指免疫球蛋白分子或免疫球蛋白分子的免疫活性部分,即含有与抗原免疫特异结合的抗原结合位点的分子。本发明所述的免疫球蛋白分子可以是免疫球蛋白分子的任意的型(如IgG、IgE、IgM、IgD、IgA和IgY)、类(如IgG1、IgG2、IgG3、IgG4、IgA1和IgA2)或亚类。
[0065]本发明的抗体包括抗体片段,其包含但不限于Fab、Fab′和F(ab′)2、Fd、单链Fvs(scFvs)、单链抗体、二硫键连接的Fvs(sdFv)和包含VL或VH结构域的片段。抗原结合的抗体片段,包括单链抗体,可以包含单独的可变区(一个或多个)或与下列的整体或部分结合的可变区(一个或多个):铰链区、CH1、CH2和CH3结构域。本发明中也包括抗原结合片段,其也包含可变区(一个或多个)与铰链区、CH1、CH2和CH3结构域的任何组合。本发明的抗体可以来自任何动物源,包括鸟和哺乳动物。一方面,抗体为人类、鼠科动物(如小鼠和大鼠)、驴、绵羊、兔、山羊、豚鼠、骆驼、马或鸡。而且,这些抗体可能是动物抗体的人源化形式。本发明所述的抗体可能是单特异的、二特异的、三特异的,或具有更大的多特异性。
[0066]本发明的抗体可以通过本领域已知的任意适合方法产生。针对目的抗原的多克隆抗体可以通过本领域熟知的各种方法产生。举例来说,本发明所述的多肽可以给予多种宿主动物,包括但不限于兔、小鼠、大鼠等,以诱导含有抗原特异的多克隆抗体的血清的产生。取决于宿主物种,多种佐剂可用于提高免疫反应,包括但不限于弗氏佐剂(Freund’s)(完全或不完全),诸如氢氧化铝的矿物胶,表面活性物质,如溶血卵磷脂、普卢兰尼克多元醇、聚阴离子,肽,油乳剂,匙孔血蓝蛋白,二硝基酚,和潜在有用的人佐剂,如BCG(卡介菌(bacille Calmette-Guerin))和孢子虫棒状杆菌(Corynebacterium parvum)。这些佐剂也在本领域内被熟知。而且,抗体和抗体样结合蛋白可能通过噬菌体展示制备。
[0067]单克隆抗体可以使用本领域已知的多种技术制备,包括杂交瘤、重组和噬菌体展示技术,或其组合的使用。举例来说,单克隆抗体可以使用杂交瘤技术制备,包括本领域已知的那些和例如,在Harlow等,抗体:实验室手册(Antibodies:A Laboratory Manual),(冷泉港实验室出版,第二版,1988);和Hammerling等,单克隆抗体和T细胞杂交瘤563-681(Monoclonal Antibodies and T-Cell Hybridomas)563-681(Elservier,纽约,1981)中教导的那些。术语“单克隆抗体”用在这里不限于通过杂交瘤技术产生的抗体。术语“单克隆抗体”指的是从单克隆衍生的抗体,包括任何真核的、原核的或噬菌体克隆,而不是其产生的方法。
[0068]在一种实施方式中,抗体-核酸结合物被公开,其包括特异结合到肿瘤细胞、肿瘤血管和/或肿瘤微环境组分的细胞组分的抗体。肿瘤微环境可以包含上皮细胞、基底膜、成纤维细胞、基质细胞和/或成肌纤维细胞,它们包围肿瘤。在另一相关方面,包围肿瘤的这种细胞可以表达功能CLIC4。而且,结合物具有至少1nM到20nM的结合亲和度,包括这些结合物在结合肿瘤细胞的细胞组分后,激发肿瘤细胞间的体外细胞超融合。
[0069]另一方面,所述细胞组分包括但不限于表皮生长因子受体(EGFR、ErbB-1、HER1)、ErbB-2(HER2/neu)、ErbB-3/HER3、ErbB-4/HER4、EGFR配体家族;胰岛素样生长因子受体(IGFR)家族、IGF-结合蛋白(IGFBPs)、IGFR配体家族;血小板衍生生长因子受体(PDGFR)家族、PDGFR配体家族;成纤维细胞生长因子受体(FGFR)家族、FGFR配体家族、血管内皮生长因子受体(VEGFR)家族、VEGF家族;HGF受体家族;TRK受体家族;肝配蛋白(EPH)受体家族;AXL受体家族;白细胞酪氨酸激酶(LTK)受体家族;TIE受体家族、血管形成素1,2;受体酪氨酸激酶样孤独受体(ROR)受体家族;盘状结构域受体(DDR)家族;RET受体家族;KLG受体家族;RYK受体家族;MuSK受体家族;转化生长因子β(TGF-β)受体、TGF-β;细胞因子受体、I类(血细胞生成素家族)和II类(干扰素/IL-10家族)受体、肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)受体超家族(TNFRSF)、死亡受体家族;睾丸癌(CT)抗原、谱系特异性抗原、分化抗原、α-辅肌动蛋白-4、ARTC1、断裂点簇区-Abelson(Bcr-abl)融合产物、B-RAF、胱天蛋白酶-5(CASP-5)、胱天蛋白酶-8(CASP-8)、β-联蛋白(CTNNB1)、细胞分裂周期27(CDC27)、细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶4(CDK4)、CDKN2A、COA-1、dek-can融合蛋白、EFTUD-2、延伸因子2(ELF2)、Ets变体基因6/急性骨髓性白血病1基因ETS(ETC6-AML1)融合蛋白、纤连蛋白(FN)、GPNMB、低密度脂受体/GDP-L岩藻糖;β-D半乳糖2-α-L岩藻糖基转移酶(LDLR/FUT)融合蛋白、HLA-A2、HLA-A2基因中α2结构域的α螺旋第170个残基上精氨酸对异亮氨酸的替换(HLA-A*201-R170I)、HLA-A11、突变的热休克蛋白70-2(HSP70-2M)、KIAA0205、MART2、黑素瘤遍在突变的1、2、3(MUM-1、2、3)、前列腺酸性磷酸酶(PAP)、新-PAP、I类肌球蛋白、NFYC、OGT、OS-9、pml-RARα融合蛋白、PRDX5、PTPRK、K-ras(KRAS2)、N-ras(NRAS)、HRAS、RBAF600、SIRT2、SNRPD1、SYT-SSX1或-SSX2融合蛋白、丙糖磷酸异构酶、BAGE、BAGE-1、BAGE-2,3,4,5、GAGE-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8、GnT-V(异常N-乙酰氨基葡萄糖转移酶V、MGAT5)、HERV-K-MEL、KK-LC、KM-HN-1、LAGE、黑素瘤上CTL-识别的抗原(CAMEL)、MAGE-A1(MAGE-1)、MAGE-A2、MAGE-A3、MAGE-A4、MAGE-A5、MAGE-A6、MAGE-A8、MAGE-A9、MAGE-A10、MAGE-A11、MAGE-A12、MAGE-3、MAGE-B1、MAGE-B2、MAGE-B5、MAGE-B6、MAGE-C1、MAGE-C2、粘蛋白1(MUC1)、MART-1/Melan A(MLANA)、gp100、gp100/Pmel17(SILV)、酪氨酸酶(TYR)、TRP-1、HAGE、NA-88、NY-ESO-1、NY-ESO-1/LAGE-2、SAGE、Sp17、SSX-1,2,3,4、TRP2-INT2、癌胚抗原(CEA)、激肽释放酶4、乳腺癌球蛋白-A、OA-1、前列腺特异抗原(PSA)、TRP-1/gp75、TRP-2、脂肪分化相关蛋、黑素瘤2中不存在的干扰素可诱导的蛋白(AIM-2)、BING-4、CPSF、细胞周期蛋白D1、上皮细胞粘附分子(Ep-CAM)、EphA3、成纤维细胞生长因子-5(FGF-5)、糖蛋白250(gp250)、EGFR(ERBB1)、HER-2/neu(ERBB2)、白细胞介素13受体α2链(IL13Rα2)、IL-6受体、肠羧酯酶(iCE)、甲胎蛋白、M-CSF、mdm-2、MUC1、p53(TP53)、PBF、PRAME、PSMA、RAGE-1、RNF43、RU2AS、SOX10、STEAP1、生存蛋白(BIRC5)、人端粒酶反转录酶(hTERT)、端粒酶、维耳姆斯瘤基因(WT1)、SYCP1、BRDT、SPANX、XAGE、ADAM2、PAGE-5、LIP1、CTAGE-1、CSAGE、MMA1、CAGE、BORIS、HOM-TES-85、AF15q14、HCA661、LDHC、MORC、SGY-1、SPO11、TPX1、NY-SAR-35、FTHL17、NXF2、TDRD1、TEX15、FATE、TPTE、免疫球蛋白独特型、本斯-琼斯蛋白、雌激素受体(ER)、雄激素受体(AR)、CD40、CD30、CD20、CD19、CD33、癌抗原72-4(CA72-4)、癌抗原15-3(CA15-3)、癌抗原27-29(CA27-29)、癌抗原125(CA125)、癌抗原19-9(CA19-9)、β-人绒膜促性腺激素、鳞状细胞癌抗原、神经元特异性烯醇化酶、热休克蛋白gp96、GM2、沙格司亭、CTLA-4、707丙氨酸脯氨酸(707-AP)、T4细胞识别的腺癌抗原(ART-4)、癌胚抗原肽-1(CAP-1)、钙激活的氯通道-2(CLCA-2)、亲环蛋白B(Cyp-B)、人印戒瘤-2(HST-2)、人乳头状瘤病毒(HPV)蛋白(HPV-E6、HPV-E7、主要或次要衣壳抗原、其它)、埃巴病毒(EBV)蛋白(EBV潜伏膜蛋白-LMP1、LMP2;其它)、B或C型肝炎病毒蛋白和HIV蛋白。
[0070]在一种实施方式中,结合物包含肽,其包括但不限于与肿瘤细胞、肿瘤血管和/或肿瘤微环境的组分的细胞组分结合的肽。结合物可能包含由噬菌体展示或其它来源衍生的肽,所述其它来源包括但不限于:αvβ1整联蛋白(CRRETAWAC(SEQ ID NO:5))、αvβ3整联蛋白(CDCRGDCFC(SEQ IDNO:6)/RGD-4C;RGDWXE(SEQ ID NO:7))、αvβ5整联蛋白(TRGDTF(SEQ IDNO:8))、αvβ6(RGDLxxL(SEQ ID NO:9)或xxDLxxL(SEQ ID NO:10))、αIIβ3(SRGDM(SEQ ID NO:11))、αvβ5的膜联蛋白V模拟物(VVISYSMPD(SEQ IDNO:12))、E-选择蛋白(IELLQAR(SEQ ID NO:13))、上皮细胞线粒体(CNGRC-GG-(KLAKLAK)2(SEQ ID NO:14))、肝配蛋白-A2和肝配蛋白-A4(CVSNPRWKC(SEQ ID NO:15)、CHVLWSTRC(SEQ ID NO:16))、纤连蛋白(CWDDGWLC(SEQ ID NO:17))、ICAM-I或冯维勒布兰德因子(CPCFLLGCC(SEQ ID NO:18)/LLG-4C)、核纤层蛋白-1(DFKLFAVY(SEQ ID NO:19))、P-选择蛋白(EWVDV(SEQ ID NO:20))、MMP-9:整联蛋白复合物(D/E)(D/E)(G/L)W(SEQ IDNO:21)、MMP-9和MMP-2(明胶酶)(CTTHWGFTLC(SEQ ID NO:22))、内皮上的I类钙粘着蛋白(N-Ac-CHAVC-NH2)、VEGF NxxEIExYxxWxxxxxY的Flt-1区域(SEQ ID NO:23)、VEGF的KDR结构域(HTMYYHHYQHHL(SEQ ID NO:24)、ATWLPPR(SEQ ID NO:25)、VEGF受体(WHSDMEWWYLLG(SEQ ID NO:26))、RRKRRR(SEQ ID NO:27)、氨基肽酶N/CD13(NGR)、NG2蛋白多糖(TAASGVRSMH(SEQ ID NO:28)、LTLRWVGLMS(SEQ ID NO:29))、肾上腺衍生肽(LMLPRAD(SEQ ID NO:30))、脂肪组织衍生肽(CKGGRAKDC SEQ ID NO:31))、脑衍生肽(SR1)、脑内皮衍生肽(CLSSRLDAC(SEQ ID NO:32))、神经胶质瘤细胞衍生肽(VGLPEHTQ(SEQ ID NO:33))、神经母细胞瘤衍生肽(VPWMEPAYQRFL(SEQID NO:34))、骨髓衍生肽(GGG、GFS、LWS)、乳腺癌(HER2/neu衍生肽(LTVxPWx(SEQ ID NO:35)、LTVxPWY(SEQ ID NO:36)、HER2Ab/曲妥珠单抗模拟表位-LLGPYELWELSH(SEQ ID NO:37))、直肠衍生肽(RPMC(SEQ ID NO:38))、肠衍生肽(YSGKWGW(SEQ ID NO:39))、头颈鳞状细胞癌衍生肽(TSPLNIHNGQKL(SEQID NO:40))、肺血管衍生肽(CGFELETC(SEQ ID NO:41))、冠状动脉内皮衍生肽(NSVRDL(G/S)(SEQ ID NO:42)、NSVSSx(S/A)(SEQ ID NO:43))、淋巴管衍生肽(CGNKRTRGC(SEQ ID NO:44)/Lyp-1)、多器官衍生肽(GVL、EGRx(SEQ IDNO:45)、xFG(G/V)(SEQ ID NO:46))、胰岛衍生肽(CVSSNPRWKC(SEQ ID NO:47)、CHVLWSTRC(SEQ ID NO:48))、胰腺衍生肽(SWCEPGWCR(SEQ ID NO:49))、前列腺衍生肽(AGG、DPRATPGS(SEQ ID NO:50)、SMSIARL(SEQ ID NO:51)、CGRRAGGSC(SEQ ID NO:52)、GVL)、视网膜衍生肽(RDV、CSCFRDVCC(SEQ IDNO:53))、致畸因子配体衍生肽(TPKTSVT(SEQ ID NO:54))和子宫衍生肽(GLSGGRS(SEQ ID NO:55))。
[0071]一方面,αvβ3肽可以在涉及αvβ3-配体交互反应的区域具有αvβ3的天然配体或αvβ3自身的序列特征。一方面,αvβ3肽含有RGD三肽以及在含RGD区域中与天然配体在序列上的对应物。
[0072]一方面,含有RGD的肽具有与αvβ3的天然配体的含RGD区域的氨基酸残基序列对应的序列,所述αvβ3的配体如纤维蛋白原、玻连蛋白、von Willebrand因子、层粘连蛋白、血小板反应蛋白及类似配体。这些αvβ3配体的序列是熟知的。因此,αvβ3肽可以由任意的天然配体衍生。
[0073]另一方面,当与其它整联蛋白比较时,αvβ3肽优选地抑制αvβ3与其天然配体(一种或多种)的结合。对αvβ3具有选择性的αvβ3肽的识别可以在典型的结合抑制试验中容易地辨别,如ELISA试验。
[0074]本发明的肽典型地包含不多于约100个氨基酸残基,优选地不多于约60个残基,更优选地不多于约30个残基。本发明的肽可以是直线的或环状的。
[0075]应该理解,对象肽不需要与αvβ3天然配体的氨基酸残基序列相同。示例性序列包括:CDCRGDCFC(SEQ ID NO:3)和GGCDGRCG(SEQ ID NO:4)。
[0076]本发明的肽包括任意其氨基酸残基序列在这里显示的肽的类似物、片段或化学衍生物。因此,本发明的肽可以接受各种变化、取代、插入和删除,其中这些改变为其使用提供了某些优势。在这方面,本发明的αvβ3肽对应于做出了一种或多种改变的所述肽的序列,而非与其相同,并且其在一种或多种试验中保持了发挥αvβ3肽功能的能力。
[0077]术语“类似物”包括具有与这里具体显示的序列基本相同的氨基酸残基序列的任何肽,其中一个或多个残基被功能相似的残基保守取代,并且其如本文所述显示了αvβ3的活性。保守取代的例子包括一个非极性(疏水的)残基,如异亮氨酸、缬氨酸、亮氨酸或蛋氨酸取代为另一个非极性残基,一个极性(亲水的)残基取代为另一个极性残基,如精氨酸和赖氨酸之间、谷氨酰胺和天冬酰胺之间、甘氨酸和丝氨酸之间取代,一个碱性残基,如赖氨酸、精氨酸或组氨酸取代为另一个碱性残基,或一个酸性残基,如天冬氨酸或谷氨酸取代为另一个酸性残基。
[0078]术语“片段”是指这样的对象多肽,其氨基酸残基序列比其氨基酸残基序列在这里公开的多肽短。
[0079]本发明的肽可以通过多肽领域普通技术人员公知的任意技术合成,包括重组DNA技术。由于纯度、抗原特异性、不含不期望的副产品、易于生产等原因,合成化学技术如固相Merrifield型合成是优选的。许多可用技术的优秀的总结可以在以下文献中找到:Steward等,″Solid Phase Peptide Synthesis″,W.H.FreemanCo.,San Francisco,1969;Bodanszky,等,″Peptide Synthesis″,John Wiley & Sons,第二版,1976;J.Meienhofer,″Hormonal Proteins and Peptides″,Vol.2,p.46,AcademicPress(New York),1983;Merrifield,Adv.Enzymol.,32:221-96,1969;Fields等,Int.J.Peptide Protein Res.,35:161-214,1990;和美国专利号4,244,946的固相肽合成,和Schroder等,″The Peptides″,Vol.1,Academic Press(New York),1965的经典溶液合成。用在这些合成中适当的保护基团在上述文献和J.F.W.McOmie,″ProtectiveGroups in Organic Chemistry″,Plenum Press,New York,1973中描述。
[0080]本发明的方法可总体上用于将INAS连接到各种氨基酸聚合物上,包括肽和抗体。
[0081]这些方法包括但不限于,通过激活剂的加入激活肽或抗体上的羧酸部分。激活剂包括HATU(O-(7-氮杂苯并三氮唑-1-基)-N,N,N′,N′-四甲基脲六氟磷酸酯);HBTU(O-(苯并三氮唑-1-基)-N,N,N′,N′-四甲基脲六氟磷酸酯);TBTU(2-(1H-苯并三氮唑-1-基)-1,1,3,3-四甲基脲六氟磷酸酯);TFFH(N,N′,N″,N″-四甲基脲-2-氟-六氟磷酸酯);BOP(苯并三氮唑-1-基氧三(二甲基氨基)磷六氟磷酸酯);PyBOP(苯并三氮唑-1-基-氧-三-吡咯烷-磷六氟磷酸酯);EEDQ(2-乙氧基-1-乙氧基羰基-1,2-二氢-喹啉);DCC(二环己基碳二亚胺);DIPCDI(二异丙基碳二亚胺);HOBt(1-羟基苯并三氮唑);N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺;MSNT(1-(均三甲基苯-2-磺酰基)-3-硝基-1H-1,2,4-三唑);芳基磺酰基卤化物,如三异丙基苯磺酰氯。优选的激活剂是碳二亚胺。一方面,激活剂是1-乙基-3-(3-二甲基氨基丙基)碳二亚胺氯化氢(EDC)和/或1-环己基-3-(2-吗啉代乙基)-碳二亚胺(CDC)。
[0082]在普通技术人员已知的足以促进激活的羧酸部分与亲核部分反应的条件下,如上文所述的激活的羧酸部分与INAS上的亲核部分反应。在适当的条件下,保持相对低的pH值,即pH值小于约6.5。在传统的方法中(即较高pH水平),相信激活的羧酸和/或激活剂迅速水解,降低结合反应的效力。
[0083]本发明的方法可以用于制备多种结合物。一方面,本发明的结合物包括但不限于DNA-抗体结合物、DNA-肽结合物、RNA-抗体结合物和RNA-肽结合物。
[0084]结合反应后,结合物可以通过本领域普通技术人员熟悉的多种方法分离。举例来说,可以将反应混合物应用到柱色谱系统并通过大小排阻法分离。
[0085]在一种实施方式中,公开了一种鉴定本发明结合物的方法,所述结合物诱导细胞死亡、细胞成熟和/或NKG2D配体依性信号传导,该方法包括:体外将一种或多种细胞与含有与肿瘤细胞、肿瘤血管、和/或肿瘤微环境的组分的细胞组分特异结合的抗体的测试结合物或含有RGD基序或CDGRC基序的整联蛋白衍生的肽接触,其中所述抗体或肽与含有一个或多个免疫刺激核酸序列的核酸结合,并且其中一个或多个核酸序列包括病原体相关性分子图式(PAMP);以及在免疫细胞存在或不存在的情况下确定一种或多种细胞中标记物的诱导或表型变化,其中在一种或多种细胞中在存在测试核酸结合物的情况下,确定的诱导或变化表示细胞死亡信号传导、细胞成熟和/或NKG2D配体依赖性信号传导。
[0086]举例来说,如果接触引起(a)在不存在免疫细胞的情况下,细胞融合,其中所述细胞为肿瘤细胞,(b)在PBMC细胞和肿瘤细胞混合物中肿瘤细胞裂解,及(c)一种或多种标记物表达的诱导,标记物包括但不限于CD86、IFN-γ和/或Apo2L/TRAIL,其中所述细胞为PBMC或树突细胞(DC),所述测试结合物与细胞死亡信号传导、细胞成熟和/或NKG2D配体依赖性信号传导的诱导相关联。
[0087]表达的标记物的诱导可通过细胞分选完成。而且,细胞是从非胎儿动物的骨髓获得,包括但不限于人细胞。胎儿细胞也可以使用。
[0088]细胞分选可通过分选细胞领域的任何已知方法进行,包括通过荧光激活细胞分选法(FACS)和磁基细胞分选法(MACS)。要通过MACS分选细胞,用磁珠标记细胞并使细胞穿过顺磁分离柱。该分离柱被置于强永磁体内,由此在柱内创建磁场。磁标记的细胞被捕获在柱内;细胞无法穿过。随后从柱中洗脱捕获的细胞。
[0089]本发明也提供了药物组合物,其包含至少一种能够以有效量治疗疾病的化合物,和药物上可接受的载体或稀释剂。本发明的组合物可包含所述的其它治疗剂,并可以被配制,例如根据诸如药物配制领域熟知的那些技术,通过采用传统固态或液态载体或稀释剂和适合期望给药方式的药物添加剂类型(如赋形剂、粘合剂、防腐剂、稳定剂、香料等)进行配制。
[0090]用作生产的本发明物品组分的药物组合物可以固体、溶液、乳剂、分散剂、胶体、脂质体等形式使用,其中产生的组合物含有一种或多种上文所述的化合物作为活性成分,其与适合经肠或肠胃外应用的有机或无机载体或赋形剂混合。用作生产本发明物品组分的化合物可以与例如,常见的无毒、药物可接受载体混合,用于片剂、丸剂、胶囊、栓剂、溶液、乳剂、悬液和任何其它适合使用的形式。可以使用的载体包括葡萄糖、乳糖、阿拉伯胶、明胶、甘露醇、淀粉糊、三硅酸镁、滑石、玉米淀粉、角蛋白、胶体二氧化硅、土豆淀粉、尿素、中等链长度的甘油三酯、葡聚糖、和其它适合用于生产固态、半固态或液态形式制备物的载体。此外,辅助物、稳定剂、增稠剂和着色剂以及香料可以被使用。
[0091]本发明的药物组合物可以通过任意适合的形式给药,例如口服,如片剂、胶囊、颗粒或粉末的形式;舌下;颊内;肠胃外,如通过皮下、皮内、静脉内、肌肉内、或脑池内注射或输注技术(如,作为无菌可注射水性或非水性溶液或悬液);经鼻给药,如通过吸入喷雾;局部给药,如霜剂或膏剂的形式;或直肠给药,如栓剂的形式;以含有无毒、药学上可接受载体或稀释剂的剂量单位制剂给药。例如,本化合物可以以适合迅速释放或延长释放的形式给药。迅速释放或延长释放可通过使用含有本化合物的合适的药物组合物来实现,或者,特别在延长释放的情况下,通过使用诸如皮下植入物或渗透泵设备来实现。本结合物也可以通过脂质体(liposomally)给药。一方面,该组合物可能全身地、肿瘤内或肿瘤周围给药。
[0092]除了灵长类,如人类,各种哺乳动物可以根据本发明的方法治疗。例如,哺乳动物,包括但不限于奶牛、绵羊、山羊、马、狗、猫、豚鼠、大鼠或其它牛、羊、马、犬、猫、啮齿类或鼠类物种可以被治疗。然而,该方法也可以在其它物种如禽类(如鸡)中实施。
[0093]上述方法治疗的对象——其中靶向调控的细胞是期望的——是哺乳动物,包括但不限于奶牛、绵羊、山羊、马、狗、猫、豚鼠、大鼠或其它牛、羊、马、犬、猫、啮齿类或鼠类物种,并且优选地人类,男性或女性。
[0094]术语“治疗有效量”表示引起组织、系统、动物或人的生物或医疗反应的对象化合物的量,所述反应是研究者、兽医、医师或其他临床医生所追求的。
[0095]术语“组合物”,用在此处,意欲包括含有指定量的指定成分的产品,以及由指定量的指定成分组合而直接或间接产生的任何产品。“药学上可接受的”表示载体、稀释剂或赋形剂必须与该制剂的其它成分相容,而对其接受者无害。
[0096]术语“给予(给药,administration of)”和/或“给予(给药,administering)”化合物应该被理解为表示为需要治疗的个体提供本发明的化合物。
[0097]用来给予本发明化合物的药物组合物可以方便地以剂量单位的形式提供,并且可以通过药物领域熟知的任何方法制备。所有的方法包括使活性成分与构成一种或多种辅助成分的载体相关联的步骤。一般来说,药物组合物如下制备:通过使活性成分与液态载体或精细分割的固态载体或两者均匀且密切地关联,并随后,如果必要,使产品形成期望的制剂。活性目的化合物以足以对疾病的过程或状况产生期望效果的量被包含在药物组合物中。
[0098]含有活性成分的药物组合物可以是适合口服使用的形式,如片剂、锭剂(troches)、锭剂(lozenges)、水性或油性悬液、可分散粉末或颗粒、乳剂、硬质或软质胶囊或糖浆或酏剂(elixir)。
[0100]意欲口服使用的组合物可根据药物组合物生产领域公知的任何方法制备,并且这样的组合物可以含有一种或多种选自增甜剂、风味剂、着色剂和防腐剂的试剂,以便提供药物上精致且美味的制剂。片剂含有活性成分,其与适合生产片剂的无毒、药物上可接受的赋形剂混合。这些赋形剂可以是,例如惰性稀释剂,如碳酸钙、碳酸钠、乳糖、磷酸钙或磷酸钠;成粒剂和崩解剂,例如玉米淀粉或海藻酸;粘结剂,例如淀粉、明胶或阿拉伯胶;以及润滑剂,例如硬脂酸镁、硬脂酸或滑石。片剂可以不被包被或它们可以通过已知技术被包被,以延迟分解和吸收进胃肠道,并由此提供在更长的时间段内提供持续作用。举例来说,时间延迟材料,如单硬脂酸甘油酯或二硬脂酸甘油酯可被采用。它们也可能被包被以形成用于控制释放的渗透治疗片剂。
[0101]口服使用的制剂可能也以硬质明胶胶囊提供,其中活性成分与惰性固态稀释剂,例如碳酸钙、磷酸钙或高岭土混合;或以软质明胶胶囊提供,其中活性成分与水或油介质,例如花生油、液态石蜡或橄榄油混合。
[0102]水性悬液含有活性成分,其与适合生产水性悬液的赋形剂混合。这样的赋形剂是悬浮剂,例如羧甲基纤维素钠、甲基纤维素、羟基-丙基甲基纤维素、藻酸钠、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、黄蓍胶和阿拉伯胶;分散或润湿剂可能是天然存在的磷脂,例如卵磷脂,或烯化氧与脂肪酸的缩合产物,例如聚氧乙烯硬脂酸酯,或环氧乙烷与长链脂肪醇的缩合产物,例如十七烯氧十六醇(heptadecaethyleneoxycetanol),或环氧乙烷与脂肪酸和己糖醇衍生的偏酯的缩合产物,例如聚氧乙烯山梨糖醇单油酸酯,或环氧乙烷与脂肪酸和己糖醇酐衍生的偏酯的缩合产物,例如聚乙烯山梨糖醇单油酸酯。水性悬液也可以含有一种或多种防腐剂,例如乙基、或正丙基、叔羟基苯甲酸盐,一种或多种着色剂,一种或多种风味剂,以及一种或多种增甜剂,如蔗糖或糖精。
[0103]油性悬液可通过将活性成分悬浮在植物油如花生油、橄榄油、芝麻油或椰子油,或在矿物油,如液态石蜡中来配制。油性悬液可以含有增稠剂,例如蜂蜡、硬质石蜡或十六烷醇。可以添加诸如上文所述的增甜剂及风味剂以提供可口的口服制剂。这些组合物可通过加入抗氧化剂诸如抗坏血酸来保存。
[0104]适合通过添加水制备水性悬液的可分散粉末和颗粒提供了与分散剂或润湿剂、悬浮剂和一种或多种防腐剂混合的活性成分。合适的分散或润湿剂以及悬浮剂由上文已经提到的那些示例。额外的赋形剂,例如增甜剂、风味剂和着色剂,也可以存在。
[0105]糖浆和酏剂可用增甜剂如甘油、丙二醇、山梨糖醇或蔗糖配制。这样的制剂也可含有缓和剂、防腐剂及风味剂和着色剂。
[0106]药物组合物可以是无菌可注射水性或油性悬液的形式。该悬液可根据已知技术,使用上文已经提到的那些合适的分散或润湿剂以及悬浮剂配制。无菌可注射制剂也可以是在无毒的、肠胃外可接受的稀释剂或溶剂中的无菌可注射溶液或悬液,例如在1,3-丁二醇中的溶液。可以采用的可接受载体和溶剂是水、林格氏溶液(Ringer’s solution)和等渗的氯化钠溶液。此外,无菌不挥发性油传统上被用作溶剂或悬浮介质。出于这个目的,任何温和的不挥发性油可以被采用,包括合成的甘油单酯或甘油二酯。此外,脂肪酸诸如油酸可以用于注射液的制备。
[0107]本发明的化合物也可以以用于直肠给药的栓剂形式给予。这些组合物可以通过将药物与合适的非刺激性赋形剂混合而制备,所述赋形剂在常温下为固态,但在直肠温度下为液态,并因此在直肠中融化以释放药物。这些材料是可可脂和聚乙二醇。
[0108]对于局部使用,含有本发明化合物的霜剂、膏剂、凝胶、溶液或悬液等可以被采用(对于这种应用的目的,局部施用包括漱口剂(mouthwash)和漱口药(gargle))。
[0109]在细胞被靶向调控的对象的治疗中,适当的剂量水平一般为每天每公斤患者体重约0.01到500mg,这可以单次剂量或多次剂量给药。优选地,剂量水平为每天约0.1到约250mg/kg;更优选地,为每天约0.5到约100mg/kg。合适的剂量水平可以是每天约0.01到250mg/kg,每天约0.05到100mg/kg,或每天约0.1到50mg/kg。在该范围内,剂量可以是每天0.05到0.5、0.5到5或5到50mg/kg。对于口服给药,该组合物优选地以含有1.0到1000毫克活性成分的片剂形式提供,特别地,1.0、5.0、10.0、15.0、20.0、25.0、50.0、75.0、100.0、150.0、200.0、250.0、300.0、400.0、500.0、600.0、750.0、800.0、900.0和1000.0毫克活性成分用于待治疗患者剂量的症状调整。该化合物可以每天1到4次的方案给药,优选地一天一次或两次。
[0110]但是,应该理解用于任何特定患者的具体剂量水平和给药频率可以变化并取决于各种因素,包括使用的具体化合物的活性、代谢稳定性和该化合物的作用时长、年龄、体重、总体健康水平、性别、饮食、给药方式和时间、排泄频率、药物组合、特定状况的严重程度,以及进行治疗的主体。
[0111]在一种实施方式中,从哺乳动物对象,优选地为人类,抽取等分的血液,并且该等分的血液用本发明的结合物离体处理。该结合物的效果是调节包含在等分的血液中的免疫效应细胞的活性。修饰的等分血液随后通过适合接种的任何途径被重新导入对象体内。
[0112]一方面,公开了一种方法,包括从对象移取免疫细胞,将该细胞与结合物离体接触,以及将该细胞重新导入对象。
[0113]一方面,等分试样的体积最多约为400ml,从约0.1到约100ml,从约5到约15ml,从约8到约12ml,或约10ml,与抗凝剂(如2ml柠檬酸钠)一起。
[0114]一方面,对象进行一个疗程的治疗,这样单个的治疗包括移取血液等分试样,及其如上所述的处理,以及将处理的等分试样重新导入该对象。这样的治疗疗程可包括每天给予处理的血液等分试样连续若干天,或可以包括第一疗程:在一段指定的时间内每天进行治疗,接着是间隔一段时间,然后再进行一个或多个疗程的每天治疗。
[0115]在相关的方面,对象被给予初始疗程的治疗,包括给予4到6等份处理的血液。在另一优选的实施方式中,对象被给予初始疗程的治疗,包括给予2到4等份处理的血液,给予任意一对连续的等分试样,这或者在连续的日子给予,或者由1到21天的休息期间分开,在休息期间不给患者等分试样,休息期将选定的一对连续等分试样分开约3到15天。在另一相关的方面,初始疗程的治疗的给药方案包括总共三个等分试样,第一和第二个等分试样在连续的日子给予,在第二和第三等分试样给予之间提供11天的休息期。
[0116]在另外相关的方面,初始疗程的治疗之后进行额外疗程的治疗。举例来说,后续疗程的治疗在初始疗程的治疗结束后至少约3周时给予。一方面,对象接受第二疗程的治疗,包括在初始疗程的治疗结束后每30天给予一等份处理的血液,进行6个月的时间。
[0117]应该理解,连续的疗程的治疗之间的间隔应该使得本发明治疗的有利效果得到保持,并且可以基于观察到的个体对象的反应来确定。
[0118]以下的实施例意欲示例而非限制本发明。
实施例
实施例1:结合的抗体或肽的产生
[0119]抗人EGFR抗体、抗人HER2抗体、和抗大鼠neu抗体
-CpG DNA[CpG寡聚脱氧核苷酸(ODN)]
-CpGA ODN,21.92μM;CpG C ODN,18.34μM
-CpG A ODN:序列:5’gsgsGGACGACGTCGTGgsgsgsgsgsG3’(磷酸盐)(SEQ ID NO:1)
类型=DNA-PS;尺寸=21;ε1/(mMcm)=208;MW(g/mole)6842
-CpG C ODN:序列:5’gsgsGGGAGCATGCTGgsgsgsgsgsG 3’(磷酸盐)(SEQ ID NO:2)
类型=DNA-PS;尺寸=20;ε1/(mMcm)=197.6;MW(g/mole)
=6553
-肿瘤靶向肽序列:
-CDCRGDCFC(RGD-4C肽)(SEQ ID NO:3);GGCDGRCG(SEQ ID NO:4)(CDGRC肽、SEQ ID NO:5)
[0120]500μl抗体肽溶液被转移到eppendorf离心管中,向其中加入540μl的0.1M咪唑(即3M咪唑稀释在PBS中到0.1M)。5mg的1-乙基-3-[3-二甲基氨基丙基]碳二亚胺氯化氢(EDC)与CpG DNA(ODN)在另一个管中混合,并立即与抗体咪唑或肽咪唑溶液混合(Ab∶ODN摩尔比=1∶30.6)。
[0121]将管旋转振荡直到内容物溶解,并且将溶液短暂离心。离心后额外加入250μl的0.1M咪唑,产生的溶液在50℃温浴2小时。
[0122]未反应的EDC、其副产物和咪唑通过过滤(MilliporeCorporation,Billerica,MA)除去。该样品随后用SDS-PAGE凝胶和质谱分析,以确定核苷酸与抗体和/或肽的结合。进行蛋白分析以对抗体或肽的浓度进行定量。
[0123]SDS-PAGE/免疫印迹显示,DNA结合的单克隆抗体实际上被产生(图4)。
实施例2:CpG DNA结合的抗EGFR抗体对EGFR活性的抑制
[0124]在抗EGFR抗体或CpG结合的抗EGFR抗体(抗EGFR Ab-CpG)存在下,将HT-29结肠癌细胞在0.5%胎牛血清中培养,并随后在37℃用EGF(5ng/ml)刺激20分钟。接着,细胞用冰冷的含PBS的1mM原钒酸钠洗涤,细胞裂解物使用检测磷特异EGFR(酪氨酸1068;细胞信号传导)的抗体进行蛋白质印记分析。HT-29细胞用抗EGFR抗体或CpG DNA结合的抗体处理,抑制了EGFR的EGF-刺激的磷酸化(图5)。
实施例3:CpG DNA结合的抗EGFR抗体对自然杀伤细胞的激活
[0125]正常外周血单核细胞(PBMCs)(Johns Hopkins leucopheresis Unit)用EGFR Ab-CpG DNA或EGFR Ab-对照DNA结合的抗体(4μg/ml)处理3天或不处理。细胞用抗CD56藻红蛋白(CD56PE)或抗CD8 FITC(CD8 FITC)标记并随后用流式细胞仪分析。PBMCs显示用EGFR Ab-CpG结合物刺激后CD56+细胞数量增加,而用EGFR Ab对照DNA结合物处理后CD56+细胞数量不增加(图6)。
实施例4:CpG DNA结合的抗EGFR抗体使树突细胞成熟
[0126]人单核细胞从骨髓单核细胞中分离,并在AIM5培养基(含10%人AB血清)和下列之一中培养6天:(1)与以下细胞因子结合:RANKL 1μg/ml+TNF-α20ng/ml+GM-CSF 800U/ml+IL-4500U/ml;(2)CpG寡核苷酸(CpG AODN)(5μg/ml)(不含细胞因子);(3)CpG ODN结合的抗EGFR抗体(EGFR Ab-CpGODN)(5μg/ml)(不含细胞因子)。在第7天收集细胞并用针对MHC I类PE、MHC II类FITC和CD86-PE的抗体染色。树突细胞(DCs)的成熟通过对成熟标记物CD86增加的细胞表面表达进行流式细胞仪分析来评估。CpG DNA结合的抗EGFR抗体诱导CD86表达(即DCs的成熟),与对细胞因子混合物的反应中观察到的类似(图7)。
实施例5:CpG DNA结合的抗EGFR抗体对表达EGFR的肿瘤细胞的效应
[0127]HT-29直肠癌细胞用3H-胸苷(2.5μCi/ml)标记,胰蛋白酶消化,用PBS润洗,并用EGFR-Ab、EGFR Ab-CpG DNA、或EGFR Ab-DNA对照(4μg/ml)处理,在96孔板中(5×103细胞/孔)与PBMCs(用EGFRAb-CpG DNA或EGFRAb-DNA对照结合的抗体预处理或未处理)以不同的E∶T比例一式三份在37℃共培养4小时。细胞被收集到滤纸上并通过特异的3H-胸苷释放百分数对细胞的死亡/存活定量。与用EGFR-Ab(未处理的PBMCs存在下)或EGFR Ab-DNA对照(EGFR Ab-DNA对照处理的PBMCs存在下)处理相反,用EGFR Ab-CpG DNA(EGFR Ab-CpG DNA-刺激的PBMCs存在下)对HT-29细胞的处理导致HT-29快速死亡(图8)。
[0128]HT-29细胞用(1)EGFR-Ab(4μg/ml)(含有未刺激的PBMC);(2)EGFRAb-CpG DNA(4μg/ml)(含有用EGFR Ab-CpG DNA预处理48小时的PBMCs);或(3)用CpG DNA预处理48小时的PBMCs(PBMC∶肿瘤细胞比例=25)培养。与用EGFR-Ab(存在未刺激的PBMCs)或CpG DNA刺激的PBMCs(不存在EGFR Ab)对HT-29细胞的处理相反,用EGFR Ab-CpG DNA(存在EGFR Ab-CpG DNA刺激的PBMCs)对HT-29细胞的培养导致HT-29细胞在72小时后的消除(图9)。
实施例6:CpG DNA结合的抗体[CpG DNA结合的抗EGFR抗体或CpG DNA结
合的抗HER2抗体]诱导人外周血单核细胞(PBMCs)表达细胞因子干扰素-γ(INF-γ)
和Apo2L/TRIAL
[0129]人外周血单核细胞(PBMCs)用抗人EGFR抗体(抗-EGFR Ab)5μg/ml、抗人HER2抗体(抗-HER2Ab)5μg/ml、CpG A ODN(CpG DNA)5μg/ml、核苷酸结合抗体[抗EGFR抗体-CpG DNA(抗-EGFR Ab-CpG DNA)或抗HER2抗体-CpGDNA(抗-HER2Ab-CpG DNA)5μg/ml]处理。PBMCs上清液中细胞因子(INF-γ或Apo2L/TRAIL)的水平在24小时后通过ELISA评估(pg/ml)。用CpG DNA或CpGDNA结合的抗体对PBMCs的处理提高了可溶性INF-γ或Apo2L/TRAIL在细胞上清液中的表达(图10)。
实施例7:DNA结合的抗体诱导靶细胞死亡的新形式——细胞超融合——这未在
对任何已知类型抗癌剂的反应中观察到
[0130]表达EGFR的人直肠癌细胞(HT-29)在抗EGFR抗体(抗-EGFR Ab)或CpG DNA结合的抗EGFR抗体(抗-EGFR Ab-CpG)(5μg/ml)存在下铺平板(5×104细胞/ml)。细胞随后进行相衬显微术(phase-contrast microscopy)和缩时显微术(timelapse microscopy)96小时。用CpG DNA结合的抗EGFR抗体处理诱导HT-29细胞融合并导致合生(杂交或多核)细胞的形成,其与用未连接的抗EGFR抗体处理的细胞比较生命周期较短和复制能力受损(超融合)。
[0131]表达EGFR的人乳腺癌细胞(MCF-7或MDA-MB-468)在抗EGFR抗体(抗-EGFR Ab)(2-8μg/ml)或CpG DNA结合的抗EGFR抗体(抗-EGFRAb-CpG)(2-4μg/ml)存在的情况下被铺平板(5×104细胞/ml)。用CpG DNA结合的抗EGFR抗体的处理诱导乳腺癌细胞的超融合并形成合生的细胞体,其与用经胃肠的(未连接的)抗EGFR抗体处理的细胞比较生命周期较短和复制能力较差。
[0132]表达HER2/neu的人乳腺癌细胞(SKBr或MCF-7)在抗人HER2/neu抗体(抗-HER2/neu Ab)或CpG DNA结合的抗HER2/neu抗体(抗-HER2/neu Ab-CpG ADNA或抗-HER2/neu Ab-CpG C DNA)(5μg/ml)存在的情况下被铺平板(5×104细胞/ml)。细胞存活/增殖通过相衬显微术评估。用CpG DNA结合的抗HER2/neu抗体的处理诱导乳腺癌细胞的超融合,并形成生命周期较短和复制能力较差的合生细胞体,这在用亲代抗HER2/neu抗体处理的细胞中没有观察到。
[0133]表达小鼠neu的乳腺癌细胞(NT2细胞)在抗neu抗体(抗-neuAb)或CpGDNA结合的抗neu抗体(抗-neu Ab-CpG A DNA)(5μg/ml)存在的情况下被铺平板(5×104细胞/ml)。细胞存活/增殖通过相衬显微术和台盼蓝染料排除试验进行评估。用CpG DNA结合的抗neu抗体的处理诱导表达小鼠neu的乳腺癌细胞(NT2)的超融合,并形成生命周期缩短的及复制能力减低的合生细胞体。而且,这样的超融合和显著的细胞死亡不被未结合的抗体诱导。
实施例8:CpG结合的抗neu抗体抑制HER2/neu转基因小鼠中自发性肿瘤
(spontaneous tumor)的生长
[0134]患有自发性乳腺癌的HER2/neu(neu/N)转基因小鼠被给予CpG DNA结合的抗neu抗体(100μg,腹膜内,一周两次,为期两周;或50μg肿瘤内,一周两次,为期两周),或不处理。对肿瘤大小和体积的分析显示,给予CpG DNA结合的抗neu抗体后,肿瘤生长显著抑制和肿瘤体积的显著减小(图11A和11B)。
实施例9:CpG DNA结合的抗EGFR抗体抑制裸鼠中人EGFR+直肠癌异体移植物
的生长
[0135]BALB/c裸鼠被皮下注射HT-29人直肠癌细胞(4×106)。肿瘤接种后5天,小鼠被给予抗EGFR抗体或CpG DNA结合的抗EGFR抗体(20μg,肿瘤外周给药,一周两次,为期三周),或不处理。对肿瘤大小和体积的分析显示,给予CpGDNA结合的抗EGFR抗体后,肿瘤生长的显著抑制(图12)。作为对用CpG DNA结合的抗EGFR抗体处理的反应,肿瘤生长的抑制明显大于未结合的亲代抗EGFR抗体处理的抑制。
[0136]尽管本发明参照上述实施例被描述,应该理解修改和变化包含在本发明的精神和范围内。因此,本发明仅由所附的权利要求书限制。
序列表
<110>约翰霍普金斯大学
路易斯安娜州大学管理部联合农业机械学院
A.贝迪
R.莱威
S.李
<120>用于肿瘤或传染性疾病免疫预防或免疫治疗的多肽-核酸结合物
<130>Z0807488CPCN(JHU2180-2CN)
<150>PCT/US2007/002705
<151>2007-01-31
<150>US 60/883,100
<151>2006-07-25
<150>US 60/764,223
<151>2006-02-01
<160>55
<170>PatentIn version 3.4
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ggggacgacg tcgtgggggg g 21
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<400>44
Cys Gly Asn Lys Arg Thr Arg Gly Cys
1 5
<210>45
<211>4
<212>PRT
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>合成构建物
<220>
<221>misc_feature
<222>(4)..(4)
<223>Xaa可以是任何天然存在的氨基酸
<400>45
Glu G1y Arg Xaa
1
<210>46
<211>4
<212>PRT
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>合成构建物
<220>
<221>misc_feature
<222>(1)..(1)
<223>Xaa可以是任何天然存在的氨基酸
<220>
<221>MISC_FEATURE
<222>(4)..(4)
<223>Xaa是Gly或Val
<400>46
Xaa Phe Gly Xaa
1
<210>47
<211>10
<212>PRT
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>合成构建物
<400>47
Cys Val Ser Ser Asn Pro Arg Trp Lys Cys
1 5 10
<210>48
<211>9
<212>PRT
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>合成构建物
<400>48
Cys His Val Leu Trp Ser Thr Arg Cys
1 5
<210>49
<211>9
<212>PRT
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>合成构建物
<400>49
Ser Trp Cys Glu Pro Gly Trp Cys Arg
1 5
<210>50
<211>8
<212>PRT
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>合成构建物
<400>50
Asp Pro Arg Ala Thr Pro Gly Ser
1 5
<210>51
<211>7
<212>PRT
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>合成构建物
<400>51
Ser Met Ser Ile Ala Arg Leu
1 5
<210>52
<211>9
<212>PRT
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>合成构建物
<400>52
Cys Gly Arg Arg Ala Gly Gly Ser Cys
1 5
<210>53
<211>9
<212>PRT
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>合成构建物
<400>53
Cys Ser Cys Phe Arg Asp Val Cys Cys
1 5
<210>54
<211>7
<212>PRT
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>合成构建物
<400>54
Thr Pro Lys Thr Ser Val Thr
1 5
<210>55
<211>7
<212>PRT
<213>人工序列
<220>
<223>合成构建物
<400>55
Gly Leu Ser Gly Gly Arg Ser
1 5
Claims (36)
1.分离的抗体-核酸或肽-核酸结合物,包括:
i)抗体或肽,其与
a)肿瘤细胞;
b)肿瘤血管;和/或
c)肿瘤微环境的组分
的细胞组分特异性结合;和
ii)一种或多种免疫刺激核酸序列(INAS),其中一种或多种所述核酸序列包括病原体相关性分子图式(PAMP)。
2.权利要求1所述的结合物,其中所述抗体选自多特异抗体、人抗体、人源化抗体、嵌合抗体、单链抗体、Fab片段、F(ab′)片段和抗独特型(anti-Id)抗体。
3.权利要求1所述的结合物,其中所述细胞组分是肿瘤相关抗原或细胞表面分子。
4.权利要求1所述的结合物,其中所述细胞组分选自生长因子受体、共刺激分子、激素受体、细胞因子受体。
5.权利要求1所述的结合物,其中所述细胞组分选自表皮生长因子受体(EGFR、ErbB-1、HER1)、ErbB-2(HER2/neu)、ErbB-3/HER3、ErbB-4/HER4、EGFR配体家族;胰岛素样生长因子受体(IGFR)家族、IGF-结合蛋白(IGFBPs)、IGFR配体家族;血小板衍生生长因子受体(PDGFR)家族、PDGFR配体家族;成纤维细胞生长因子受体(FGFR)家族、FGFR配体家族、血管内皮生长因子受体(VEGFR)家族、VEGF家族;HGF受体家族;TRK受体家族;肝配蛋白(EPH)受体家族;AXL受体家族;白细胞酪氨酸激酶(LTK)受体家族;TIE受体家族、血管形成素1,2;受体酪氨酸激酶样孤独受体(ROR)受体家族;盘状结构域受体(DDR)家族;RET受体家族;KLG受体家族;RYK受体家族;MuSK受体家族;转化生长因子β(TGF-β)受体、TGF-β;细胞因子受体、I类(血细胞生成素家族)和II类(干扰素/IL-10家族)受体、肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)受体超家族(TNFRSF)、死亡受体家族;睾丸癌(CT)抗原、谱系特异性抗原、分化抗原、α-辅肌动蛋白-4、ARTC1、断裂点簇区-Abelson(Bcr-abl)融合产物、B-RAF、胱天蛋白酶-5(CASP-5)、胱天蛋白酶-8(CASP-8)、β-联蛋白(CTNNB1)、细胞分裂周期27(CDC27)、细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶4(CDK4)、CDKN2A、COA-1、dek-can融合蛋白、EFTUD-2、延伸因子2(ELF2)、Ets变体基因6/急性骨髓性白血病1基因ETS(ETC6-AML1)融合蛋白、纤连蛋白(FN)、GPNMB、低密度脂受体/GDP-L岩藻糖;β-D半乳糖2-α-L岩藻糖基转移酶(LDLR/FUT)融合蛋白、HLA-A2、HLA-A2基因中α2-结构域的α螺旋第170个残基上精氨酸对异亮氨酸的替换(HLA-A*201-R170I)、HLA-A11、突变的热休克蛋白70-2(HSP70-2M)、KIAA0205、MART2、黑素瘤遍在突变的1、2、3(MUM-1、2、3)、前列腺酸性磷酸酶(PAP)、新-PAP、I类肌球蛋白、NFYC、OGT、OS-9、pml-RARα融合蛋白、PRDX5、PTPRK、K-ras(KRAS2)、N-ras(NRAS)、HRAS、RBAF600、SIRT2、SNRPD1、SYT-SSX1或-SSX2融合蛋白、丙糖磷酸异构酶、BAGE、BAGE-1、BAGE-2,3,4,5、GAGE-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8、GnT-V(异常N-乙酰氨基葡萄糖转移酶V、MGAT5)、HERV-K-MEL、KK-LC、KM-HN-1、LAGE、LAGE-1、黑素瘤上CTL-识别的抗原(CAMEL)、MAGE-A1(MAGE-1)、MAGE-A2、MAGE-A3、MAGE-A4、MAGE-A5、MAGE-A6、MAGE-A8、MAGE-A9、MAGE-A10、MAGE-A11、MAGE-A12、MAGE-3、MAGE-B1、MAGE-B2、MAGE-B5、MAGE-B6、MAGE-C1、MAGE-C2、粘蛋白1(MUC1)、MART-1/Melan A(MLANA)、gp100、gp100/Pmel17(SILV)、酪氨酸酶(TYR)、TRP-1、HAGE、NA-88、NY-ESO-1、NY-ESO-1/LAGE-2、SAGE、Sp17、SSX-1,2,3,4、TRP2-INT2、癌胚抗原(CEA)、激肽释放酶4、乳腺癌球蛋白-A、OA1、前列腺特异抗原(PSA)、TRP-1/gp75、TRP-2、脂肪分化相关蛋、黑素瘤2中不存在的干扰素可诱导的蛋白(AIM-2)、BING-4、CPSF、细胞周期蛋白D1、上皮细胞粘附分子(Ep-CAM)、EphA3、成纤维细胞生长因子-5(FGF-5)、糖蛋白250(gp250)、EGFR(ERBB1)、HER-2/neu(ERBB2)、白细胞介素13受体α2链(IL13Rα2)、IL-6受体、肠羧酯酶(iCE)、甲胎蛋白(AFP)、M-CSF、mdm-2、MUC1、p53(TP53)、PBF、PRAME、PSMA、RAGE-1、RNF43、RU2AS、SOX10、STEAP1、生存蛋白(BIRC5)、人端粒酶反转录酶(hTERT)、端粒酶、维耳姆斯瘤基因(WT1)、SYCP1、BRDT、SPANX、XAGE、ADAM2、PAGE-5、LIP1、CTAGE-1、CSAGE、MMA1、CAGE、BORIS、HOM-TES-85、AF15q14、HCA661、LDHC、MORC、SGY-1、SPO11、TPX1、NY-SAR-35、FTHL17、NXF2、TDRD1、TEX15、FATE、TPTE、免疫球蛋白独特型、本斯-琼斯蛋白、雌激素受体(ER)、雄激素受体(AR)、CD40、CD30、CD20、CD19、CD33、癌症抗原72-4(CA72-4)、癌症抗原15-3(CA15-3)、癌症抗原27-29(CA27-29)、癌症抗原125(CA125)、癌症抗原19-9(CA19-9)、β人绒膜促性腺激素、鳞状细胞癌抗原、神经元特异性烯醇化酶、热休克蛋白gp96、GM2、沙格司亭、CTLA-4、707丙氨酸脯氨酸(707-AP)、T4细胞识别的腺癌抗原(ART-4)、癌胚抗原肽-1(CAP-1)、钙激活的氯通道-2(CLCA-2)、亲环蛋白B(Cyp-B)、人印戒瘤-2(HST-2)、人乳头状瘤病毒(HPV)蛋白(HPV-E6、HPV-E7、主要或次要衣壳抗原、其它)、埃巴病毒(EBV)蛋白(EBV潜伏膜蛋白-LMP1、LMP2;其它)、B或C型肝炎病毒蛋白和HIV蛋白。
6.权利要求5所述的结合物,其中所述细胞组分是EGFR或HER2/neu。
7.权利要求3所述的结合物,其中所述肽是选自αvβ1整联蛋白(CRRETAWAC(SEQ ID NO:5))、αvβ3整联蛋白(CDCRGDCFC(SEQ IDNO:6)/RGD-4C;RGDWXE(SEQ ID NO:7))、αvβ5整联蛋白(TRGDTF(SEQ IDNO:8))、αvβ6(RGDLxxL(SEQ ID NO:9)或xxDLxxL(SEQ ID NO:10))、αIIβ3(SRGDM(SEQ ID NO:11))、αvβ5的膜联蛋白V模拟物(VVISYSMPD(SEQ IDNO:12))、E-选择蛋白(IELLQAR(SEQ ID NO:13))、上皮细胞线粒体(CNGRC-GG-(KLAKLAK)2(SEQ ID NO:14))、肝配蛋白-A2和肝配蛋白-A4(CVSNPRWKC(SEQ ID NO:15)、CHVLWSTRC(SEQ ID NO:16))、纤连蛋白(CWDDGWLC(SEQ ID NO:17))、ICAM-I或冯维勒布兰德因子(CPCFLLGCC(SEQ ID NO:18)/LLG-4C)、核纤层蛋白-1(DFKLFAVY(SEQ ID NO:19))、P-选择蛋白(EWVDV(SEQ ID NO:20))、MMP-9:整联蛋白复合物(D/E)(D/E)(G/L)W(SEQID NO:21)、MMP-9和MMP-2(明胶酶)(CTTHWGFTLC(SEQ ID NO:22))、内皮上的I类钙粘着蛋白(N-Ac-CHAVC-NH2)、VEGF的Flt-1区域NxxEIExYxxWxxxxxY(SEQ ID NO:23)、VEGF的KDR区域(HTMYYHHYQHHL(SEQ ID NO:24)、ATWLPPR(SEQ ID NO:25)、VEGF受体(WHSDMEWWYLLG(SEQ ID NO:26))、RRKRRR(SEQ ID NO:27)、氨基肽酶N/CD13(NGR)、NG2蛋白多糖(TAASGVRSMH(SEQ ID NO:28)、LTLRWVGLMS(SEQ ID NO:29))、肾上腺衍生肽(LMLPRAD(SEQ ID NO:30))、脂肪组织衍生肽(CKGGRAKDC SEQ ID NO:31))、脑衍生肽(SR1)、脑内皮衍生肽(CLSSRLDAC(SEQ ID NO:32))、神经胶质瘤细胞衍生肽(VGLPEHTQ(SEQ ID NO:33))、神经母细胞瘤衍生肽(VPWMEPAYQRFL(SEQID NO:34))、骨髓衍生肽(GGG、GFS、LWS)、乳腺癌(HER2/neu衍生肽(LTVxPWx(SEQ ID NO:35)、LTVxPWY(SEQ ID NO:36)、HER2Ab/曲妥珠单抗模拟表位-LLGPYELWELSH(SEQ ID NO:37))、直肠衍生肽(RPMC(SEQ ID NO:38))、肠衍生肽(YSGKWGW(SEQ ID NO:39))、头和颈鳞状细胞癌衍生肽(TSPLNIHNGQKL(SEQ ID NO:40))、肺血管衍生肽(CGFELETC(SEQ ID NO:41))、冠状动脉内皮衍生肽(NSVRDL(G/S)(SEQ ID NO:42)、NSVSSx(S/A)(SEQ ID NO:43))、淋巴管衍生肽(CGNKRTRGC(SEQ ID NO:44)/Lyp-1)、多器官衍生肽(GVL、EGRx(SEQ IDNO:45)、xFG(G/V)(SEQ ID NO:46))、胰岛衍生肽(CVSSNPRWKC(SEQ ID NO:47)、CHVLWSTRC(SEQ ID NO:48))、胰腺衍生肽(SWCEPGWCR(SEQ ID NO:49))、前列腺衍生肽(AGG、DPRATPGS(SEQ ID NO:50)、SMSIARL(SEQ ID NO:51)、CGRRAGGSC(SEQ ID NO:52)、GVL)、视网膜衍生肽(RDV、CSCFRDVCC(SEQ IDNO:53))、致畸因子配体衍生肽(TPKTSVT(SEQ ID NO:54))和子宫衍生肽(GLSGGRS(SEQ ID NO:55))。
8.权利要求1所述的结合物,其中所述INAS包含编码或非编码核酸。
9.权利要求8所述的结合物,其中所述非编码序列选自双链DNA、单链DNA、CpG DNA(CpG)、单纯疱疹病毒(HSV)DNA、双链RNA(dsRNA)、CpGDNA(CpG)和单链RNA(ssRNA)。
10.权利要求9所述的结合物,其中所述非编码序列是CpG。
11.权利要求10所述的结合物,其中所述CpG包含SEQ ID NO:1。
12.权利要求1所述的结合物,包含:
i)与EGFR或HER2/neu特异结合的抗体;和
ii)一种或多种免疫刺激核酸序列,其中
一种或多种所述核酸序列包括SEQ ID NO:1中阐述的CpG DNA序列。
13.权利要求1所述的结合物,包括:
i)含有RGD基序或CDGRC基序的肽;和
ii)一种或多种免疫刺激核酸序列,其中
一种或多种所述核酸序列包括如SEQ ID NO:1中阐述的CpG DNA序列。
14.治疗肿瘤疾病的方法,包括给予需要的对象含有抗体-核酸结合物或肽-核酸结合物的组合物,其中所述结合物包括:
i)抗体或肽,其与
a)肿瘤细胞;
b)肿瘤血管;和/或
c)肿瘤微环境的组分
的细胞组分特异结合;和
ii)一种或多种免疫刺激核酸序列,其中一种或多种所述核酸序列包括病原体相关性分子图式(PAMP)。
15.权利要求14所述的方法,其中所述结合物被全身、肿瘤内、或肿瘤外周给予。
16.权利要求14所述的方法,进一步包括:
i)从所述对象体内移取免疫细胞;
ii)将步骤(i)中的所述细胞与所述结合物离体接触;和
iii)将步骤(ii)中的所述细胞重新导入所述对象中。
17.权利要求14所述的方法,进一步包括施用抗癌疗法,其选自电离辐射、激素疗法、细胞因子、免疫疗法、细胞疗法、疫苗、单克隆抗体、抗血管生成剂和小分子化疗药物。
18.权利要求14所述的方法,其中一种或多种所述核酸序列沉默基因表达或诱导胞内死亡信号传导。
19.权利要求18所述的方法,其中一种或多种所述核酸序列为双链RNA(dsRNA)、短链干扰RNA(siRNA)、短链发夹RNA(shRNA)或微小RNA。
20.权利要求18所述的方法,其中至少一种核酸序列编码肽、多肽或蛋白。
21.权利要求14所述的方法,其中所述细胞组分选自表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)、HER2/neu、胰岛素样生长因子受体家族、血小板衍生生长因子受体、白细胞介素-6受体、血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)、VEGF受体、CD40、CD28、雌激素受体、细胞因子受体、CD20、CD19、CD33、MART-1/Melan-A、gp100、酪氨酸酶、TRP-1、MAGE-1、MAGE-3、MAGE-B1、MAGE-B2、BAGE、BAGE-1、GAGE-2、HAGE、LAGE、黑素瘤遍在突变的1、2、3(MUM-1、2、3)、β-联蛋白、癌胚抗原(CEA)、HPV-E6、HPV-E7、粘蛋白1、前列腺特异抗原(PSA)、埃巴病毒、甲胎蛋白(AFP)、癌症抗原72-4(CA 72-4)、癌症抗原15-3(CA 15-3)、癌症抗原27-29(CA 27-29)、癌症抗原125(CA 125)、癌症抗原19-9(CA 19-9)、β人绒膜促性腺激素、鳞状细胞癌抗原、本斯-琼斯蛋白、神经元特异性烯醇化酶、热休克蛋白gp96、突变的热休克蛋白70-2(HSP70-2M)、GM2、沙格司亭、CTLA-4、前列腺酸性磷酸酶(PAP)、NY-ESO-1、707丙氨酸脯氨酸(707-AP)、黑素瘤2中不存在的干扰素诱导蛋白(AIM-2)、T4细胞识别的腺癌抗原(ART-4)、断裂点簇区-Abelson(Bcr-abl)、黑素瘤上CTL-识别的抗原(CAMEL)、癌胚抗原肽-1(CAP-1)、胱天蛋白酶-8(CASP-8)、细胞分裂周期27(CDC27)、细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶4(CDK4)、钙激活氯通道-2(CLCA2)、癌症/睾丸抗原(CT)、亲环蛋白B(Cyp-B)、延伸因子2(ELF2)、上皮细胞粘附分子(Ep-CAM)、肝配蛋白A型受体2、3(EphA2、3)、Ets变体基因6/急性骨髓性白血病1基因ETS(ETC6-AML1)、成纤维细胞生长因子5(FGF-5)、纤连蛋白(FN)、糖蛋白250(gp250)、N-乙酰氨基葡萄糖转移酶V(GnT-V)、HLA-A2基因中α2结构域的α螺旋第170个残基上精氨酸对异亮氨酸的替换(HLA-A*201-R170I)、人印戒瘤-2(HST-2)、人端粒酶反转录酶(hTERT)、肠羧酯酶(iCE)、白细胞介素13受体α2链(IL-13Rα2)、KIAA0205、低密度脂受体/GDP-L岩藻糖:β-D半乳糖2-α-L岩藻糖基转移酶(LDLR/FUT)和维耳姆斯瘤基因(WT1)。
22.权利要求14所述的方法,其中所述结合物包含与EGFR或HER2/neu特异结合的抗体,以及一种或多种免疫刺激核酸序列,其中所述一种或多种所述核酸序列包含SEQ ID NO:1中阐述的CpGDNA序列。
23.权利要求14所述的方法,其中所述肽选自αvβ1整联蛋白(CRRETAWAC(SEQ ID NO:5))、αvβ3整联蛋白(CDCRGDCFC(SEQ IDNO:6)/RGD-4C;RGDWXE(SEQ ID NO:7))、αvβ5整联蛋白(TRGDTF(SEQ IDNO:8))、αvβ6(RGDLxxL(SEQ ID NO:9)或xxDLxxL(SEQ ID NO:10))、αIIβ3(SRGDM(SEQ ID NO:11))、αvβ5的膜联蛋白V模拟物(VVISYSMPD(SEQ IDNO:12))、E-选择蛋白(IELLQAR(SEQ ID NO:13))、上皮细胞线粒体(CNGRC-GG-(KLAKLAK)2(SEQ ID NO:14))、肝配蛋白-A2和肝配蛋白-A4(CVSNPRWKC(SEQ ID NO:15)、CHVLWSTRC(SEQ ID NO:16))、纤连蛋白(CWDDGWLC(SEQ ID NO:17))、ICAM-I或冯维勒布兰德因子(CPCFLLGCC(SEQ ID NO:18)/LLG-4C)、核纤层蛋白-1(DFKLFAVY(SEQ ID NO:19))、P-选择蛋白(EWVDV(SEQ ID NO:20))、MMP-9:整联蛋白复合物(D/E)(D/E)(G/L)W(SEQID NO:21)、MMP-9和MMP-2(明胶酶)(CTTHWGFTLC(SEQ ID NO:22))、内皮上的I类钙粘着蛋白(N-Ac-CHAVC-NH2)、VEGF的Flt-1区域NxxEIExYxxWxxxxxY(SEQ ID NO:23)、VEGF的KDR区域(HTMYYHHYQHHL(SEQ ID NO:24)、ATWLPPR(SEQ ID NO:25)、VEGF受体(WHSDMEWWYLLG(SEQ ID NO:26))、RRKRRR(SEQ ID NO:27)、氨基肽酶N/CD13(NGR)、NG2蛋白多糖(TAASGVRSMH(SEQ ID NO:28)、LTLRWVGLMS(SEQ ID NO:29))、肾上腺衍生肽(LMLPRAD(SEQ ID NO:30))、脂肪组织衍生肽(CKGGRAKDC SEQ IDNO:31))、脑衍生肽(SR1)、脑内皮衍生肽(CLSSRLDAC(SEQ ID NO:32))、神经胶质瘤细胞衍生肽(VGLPEHTQ(SEQ ID NO:33))、神经母细胞瘤衍生肽(VPWMEPAYQRFL(SEQ ID NO:34))、骨髓衍生肽(GGG、GFS、LWS)、乳腺癌(HER2/neu衍生肽(LTVxPWx(SEQ ID NO:35)、LTVxPWY(SEQ ID NO:36)、HER2Ab/曲妥珠单抗模拟表位-LLGPYELWELSH(SEQ ID NO:37))、直肠衍生肽(RPMC(SEQ ID NO:38))、肠衍生肽(YSGKWGW(SEQ ID NO:39))、头和颈鳞状细胞癌衍生肽(TSPLNIHNGQKL(SEQ ID NO:40))、肺血管衍生肽(CGFELETC(SEQ IDNO:41))、冠状动脉内皮衍生肽(NSVRDL(G/S)(SEQ ID NO:42)、NSVSSx(S/A)(SEQID NO:43))、淋巴管衍生肽(CGNKRTRGC(SEQ ID NO:44)/Lyp-1)、多器官衍生肽(GVL、EGRx(SEQ ID NO:45)、xFG(G/V)(SEQ ID NO:46))、胰岛衍生肽(CVSSNPRWKC(SEQ ID NO:47)、CHVLWSTRC(SEQ ID NO:48))、胰腺衍生肽(SWCEPGWCR(SEQ ID NO:49))、前列腺衍生肽(AGG、DPRATPGS(SEQ IDNO:50)、SMSIARL(SEQ ID NO:51)、CGRRAGGSC(SEQ ID NO:52)、GVL)、视网膜衍生肽(RDV、CSCFRDVCC(SEQ ID NO:53))、致畸因子配体衍生肽(TPKTSVT(SEQ ID NO:54))和子宫衍生肽(GLSGGRS(SEQ ID NO:55))。
24.权利要求14所述的方法,其中所述结合物包括含有RGD基序或CDGRC基序的肽,和一种或多种免疫刺激核酸序列,其中所述一种或多种所述核酸序列包含SEQ ID NO:1中阐述的CpG DNA序列。
25.权利要求14所述的方法,其中所述肿瘤疾病为癌症。
26.权利要求25所述的方法,其中所述癌症选自头颈癌、呼吸消化道癌、胃肠癌、食道癌、胃癌、胰腺癌、肝-胆/肝癌、直肠癌、肛癌、小肠癌、生殖-泌尿器官癌、泌尿道癌、肾癌、输尿管癌、睾丸癌、尿道/阴茎癌、妇科癌、卵巢/输卵管癌、腹膜癌、子宫/子宫内膜癌、宫颈/阴道/外阴癌、妊娠滋养层细胞疾病、前列腺癌、骨癌、肉瘤(软组织/骨)、肺癌、间皮瘤、纵膈癌、乳腺癌、中枢神经系统癌、脑癌、黑素瘤、白血病、淋巴瘤(何杰金氏病和非何杰金氏病)、浆细胞瘤、骨髓瘤、脊髓发育不良综合症、内分泌腺肿瘤、皮肤癌、黑素瘤、甲状腺癌、副甲状腺癌、肾上腺、胰腺内分泌腺癌、良性肿瘤、多分泌腺癌、AIDS相关恶性肿瘤、未知的原发部位癌和各种儿童期癌症。
27.权利要求14所述的方法,其中所述对象为人类。
28.识别引起细胞死亡、细胞成熟和/或NKG2D配体依赖性信号传导的核酸结合物的方法,包括:
i)将一种或多种细胞体外与测试核酸结合物接触,所述结合物包含与肿瘤细胞、肿瘤血管和/或肿瘤微环境的组分的细胞组分特异结合的抗体,或含有RGD基序或CDGRC基序的整联蛋白衍生的肽,其中所述抗体或肽与含有一个或多个免疫刺激核酸序列的核酸结合,并且其中一个或多个所述核酸序列包含病原体相关性分子图式(PAMP);和
ii)在免疫细胞存在或不存在的情况下,确定步骤(i)的一个或多个细胞中的标记物诱导或表型变化,
其中在步骤(i)的一个或多个细胞中存在所述测试核酸结合物的情况下所述确定的诱导或变化表示细胞死亡信号传导、细胞成熟和/或NKG2D配体依赖性信号传导。
29.权利要求28所述的方法,其中如果步骤(i)中所述的细胞是肿瘤细胞,并且不存在免疫细胞,所述接触引起所述细胞融合,则所述测试核酸结合物与细胞死亡信号传导的诱导相关。
30.权利要求28所述的方法,其中如果步骤(i)中所述的细胞包含免疫细胞和肿瘤细胞的混合物,并且所述接触引起肿瘤细胞裂解,则所述测试核酸结合物与细胞成熟和/或NKG2D配体依赖性信号传导的诱导相关。
31.权利要求28所述的方法,其中如果步骤(i)中所述的细胞为PBMC细胞或树突细胞(DC),并且所述接触引起一种或多种选自CD86、IFN-γ和/或Apo2L/TRAIL的标记物的表达,则所述测试核酸结合物与细胞成熟的诱导相关。
32.预防或治疗肿瘤疾病或传染性疾病的方法,包括给予需要对象含有抗体-核酸结合物的组合物,其中所述结合物包含:
i)与免疫细胞或树突细胞(DC)的细胞组分特异结合的抗体;
ii)一个或多个免疫刺激核酸序列(INAS),其中一个或多个所述核酸序列包含病原体相关性分子图式(PAMP);和
iii)来自传染性或病原微生物的一个或多个肿瘤抗原。
33.权利要求32所述的方法,进一步包括:
i)从所述对象体内移取免疫细胞;
ii)将步骤(i)所述的细胞与所述结合物离体接触;和
iii)将步骤(ii)所述的细胞重新导入所述对象中。
34.权利要求32所述的方法,进一步包括施用抗癌疗法,其选自电离辐射、激素疗法、细胞因子、免疫疗法、细胞疗法、疫苗、单克隆抗体、抗血管生成剂和小分子化疗药物。
35.权利要求32所述的方法,其中所述传染性疾病由选自微生物感染、真菌感染、寄生虫感染和病毒感染的感染引起。
36.权利要求32所述的方法,其中所述对象为人类。
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