CN101500823B - Raceway ring member for bearing unit, bearing unit, and method and device for producing raceway ring member for bearing unit - Google Patents

Abstract

A bearing unit having one raceway ring (2) mounted on a vehicle body, the other raceway ring (4) placed facing the one raceway ring (2) and mounted on a wheel, and rolling bodies (6, 8) rollably assembled between an outer ring raceway (2s) and an inner ring raceway (4s) that are continuously circumferentially formed on the opposite surfaces of the raceway rings (2, 4). At least either of the raceway rings (2, 4) has a joint flange (2a) or an installation flange (12a) for mounting on the vehicle body or the wheel. The entire raceway rings (2, 4) are formed by cold forging without subjecting the surface of the flange (2a, 12a) to machining, and at least the outer ring raceway (2s) and the inner ring raceway (4s) are subjected to quenching and tempering by electromagnetic induction and cutting.

Description

Bearing unit raceway rings parts, bearing unit and the method and apparatus that is used to make bearing unit raceway rings parts

Technical field

The method and apparatus that the present invention relates to bearing unit raceway rings parts, bearing unit and be used to make bearing unit raceway rings parts, specifically, this bearing unit be used for wheel revolutions be supported on suspension system.Should be pointed out that in this manual wheel is often referred to all wheels, for example, not only refer to the wheel of automobile, and refer to the wheel of guideway vehicle.

Background technology

Conventionally, become known for the wheel revolutions of automobile be supported on the various types of bearing units (for example, the referenced patent document 1) on the vehicle body (for example, suspension system (suspension)).For example; The bearing unit that is used for drive wheels is shown in Figure 16 (a); And this bearing unit comprise be fixed in body side and the outer ring that all remains in the non-rotating state if having time (also be referred to as stationary ring; Raceway rings, outward through sidewindering ring component) 2; Be provided with and be connected in the lining (also being referred to as swivel eye and another raceway rings) 4 of wheel side with the mode of 2 inboard, and be installed in the double rolling element 6,8 between outer ring 2 and the lining 4 rotatably with the mode of rotating with wheel towards the outer ring.

In this case; Outer ring 2 forms hollow cylinder form; And the mode with the excircle that covers lining 4 is provided with; Sealing member (at the lip shape sealing member 10a on the wheel side, at the combination seal 10b on the body side) is arranged between outer ring 2 and the lining 4, is used for the inside of sealed bearings unit airtightly.In addition; Lip shape sealing member 10a is fixed in the wheel side fixed surface 2n-1 of outer ring 2; And the slidingsurface 4n-1 with respect to lining 4 locatees slidably; And combination seal 10b is fixed in the body side fixed surface 2n-2 of outer ring, and locatees slidably with respect to inner ring (also being referred to as the swivel eye composed component) 16, and this will be described later.In addition, though ball is shown make rolling element 6,8 in the drawings the situation of using roller is also arranged according to the structure and the type of bearing unit.

Flange connector 2a (also being referred to as holding flange) is integrally molded on this outer ring 2 with the mode of outside cylindrical side direction Monday of its outer ring 2, stretching out.The bolt of rear end plate (not shown) is inserted among the fixed orifice 2b in holding flange 2a, and being fixed in vehicle body one side, thereby outer ring 2 can be fixed in unshowned suspension system (steering swivel).In addition; For example; Support the plate wheel (not shown) of automobile and the columniform basically lining main body 12 (also being referred to as another raceway rings parts, internal side diameter raceway rings parts and rotating shaft) of rotating and be arranged on the lining 4, and plate wheel is arranged on the lining main body 12 with the mode of stretching out from it with its mounting flange 12a (also being referred to as the flange of bush) that fixes with this plate wheel.

Mounting flange 12a outwards (radial outside of lining main body 12) extends beyond outer ring 2, and a plurality of lining bolt 14 (also being referred to as column bolt) with the mode that is provided at predetermined intervals along circumferencial direction be arranged on its extend the edge near.In this case, through a plurality of lining bolts 14 being inserted in the bolt-inserting hole (not shown) that is formed in the plate wheel and fastening with the nut (not shown), mounting flange 12a can located and be fixed in to this plate wheel.When doing like this, the radial location of wheel realizes through the cylindrical part (also being referred to as the guide rod part) of the location on wheel one side that is arranged on lining main body 12 with the mode of stretching out from it.

In addition, the inner ring 16 (it constitutes lining 4 with lining main body 12) of annular is installed on the body side installation surface 4n-2 of lining main body 12.In this case; After the state that inner ring 16 keeps with rolling element 6,8 usefulness retainers 18 is installed on the installation surface 4n-2 of formation stepped portion 12b above that; For example, between outer ring 2 and lining 4, the pinch zones plastic deformation in the body side axial end portion office of lining main body 12.So pinch zones (axial end portion) 12c is clamped to the circumferential ends 16s of (closed contact in) inner ring 16 along it, thereby inner ring can be locked on the lining main body 12.

When this takes place; Generation applies the predetermined state that preloads to bearing unit; And in this state; Rolling element 6,8 is rotatably installed between outer ring 2 and the lining 4, so that contact with the raceway face (cup raceway 2s, inner ring raceway 4s) of outer ring 2 and lining 4, forms predetermined angle of contact simultaneously respectively.In this case; Each active line (not shown) that connects two contact points intersects with corresponding raceway face 2s, 4s with the right angle; Pass through the center of rolling element 6,8 simultaneously; And the some place's (point of action) on the line of centers of bearing unit intersects each other, thereby, constitute back-to-back duplex (DB) bearing.

Should be pointed out that in such structure when automotive operation, the power that acts on the wheel all passes to suspension system from plate wheel via bearing unit.When this takes place, cause that various types of load (radial weight, axial load, torque load etc.) act on the bearing unit.Yet,, thereby keep high rigidity for various types of load because bearing unit forms duplex (DB) bearing back to quilt.

In addition, unshowned constant-velocity universal joint (CVJ) is connected in bearing unit.Specifically; The outer shroud through making constant-velocity universal joint and lining 4 (the pinch zones 12c of the lining main body 12) adjacency of bearing unit; This constant speed universal-joint and bearing unit interconnect; The rotating shaft (not shown) of constant-velocity universal joint is installed among the shaft hole 12h of lining main body 12, and the front end of fixed rotating shaft, so that be installed among the setting circle cylindricality part 12d with the nut (not shown).In this structure, for example, through changing with free angle that the angle of axle drive shaft changes the constant-velocity universal joint that is associated, the propulsive effort of predetermined torque passes to plate wheel reposefully via bearing unit.

On the other hand, for example, the bearing unit that is used for driven wheel is shown in Figure 16 (b).In this bearing unit, shaft hole is not set at the core of lining main body 12.In addition, as being used for sealed bearings unit in-to-in sealing member airtightly, lid 10c is arranged on the body side in the position of combination seal.Lid 10c forms disc-shape, so that be sealed in the inside of the bearing unit on the body side airtightly from the outside of bearing unit, and is fixed in the fixed surface 2n-2 of outer ring 2 in its proximal end.Should be pointed out that since other structures of this bearing unit with above the structure of the said bearing unit (Figure 16 (a)) that is used for drive wheels identical, therefore, same Reference numeral gives same formation parts in Figure 16 (b), and will save its description.

By the way; Shown in Figure 17 (a) and 17 (b), in the bearing unit of Figure 16 (a) and 16 (b), the cylindrical part 12d of location is arranged on the wheel side of the lining main body 12 that constitutes lining 4; And slidingsurface 4n-1, inner ring raceway 4s and the stepped portion 12b of mounting flange 12a and lip shape sealing member 10a; And the external peripheral surface 4m of the always synthetic lining main body 12 of inner ring 16 installation surface 4n-2, thereby lining main body 12 forms complicated structure.

On the other hand; On outer ring 2; The always synthetic external peripheral surface 2m of flange connector 2a, and the fixed surface 2n-1 of lip shape sealing member 10a or fixing fixed surface 2n-1 and the double cup raceway 2s on it of lip shape sealing member 10a, and fixed surface 2n-2 of sealing member (the lid 10c among the combination seal 10b among Figure 16 (a), Figure 16 (b)) or always synthetic its inner circumferential surface 2n of the fixing fixed surface on it of sealing member; Thereby outer ring 2 forms complicated structure.In addition, specifically, the bearing unit that is used for driver element in Figure 16 (a), shaft hole 12h be the inner circumferential surface 4n of synthetic lining main body 12 always.

Therefore, common way is to form conventional lining main body 12 through forge hot.In addition, outer ring 2 forms hollow structure, therefore, for the core of going out material to form outer ring 2, independent punch process is essential.In this case, because tooling cost increases, forming conventional outer ring 2 through forge hot also is common way.

Usually; Form raceway rings 2,4 through forge hot; With through begin to obtain its final structure with the upsetting material to several steps of this material of punching press (finishing); And before first step, material is heated to about 1100 ℃, so that keep the temperature (about 800 ℃) or the higher temperature of A3 change-over point to finish up to final step.In addition, consider after final step and will carry out cutting, after final step is accomplished, material is slowly cooled off, so that prevent the increase of material hardness to material.In this case, owing on the surface of material, produce oxide or decarburization, therefore the material each several part that needs high dimensional accuracy and intensity is carried out mechanical cutting processing.

Yet; In the cutting that material is carried out; Because make that the material surface of roughen is installed (or material is processed when clamping with fixing device) owing to the surface of oxidation or decarburization,, and possibly cause so it is inconsistent with the center of forge hot material surface to be cut the work material surface; For example, lose its spin balancing for the lining 4 of swivel eye (lining main body 12).When this takes place, possibly cause the worry that is difficult to that the verticity of long-time retainer shaft bearing unit will become.

On the other hand; Though having proposed can not influence the degree of anything to it for the outer ring 2 of stationary ring is increased to inconsistent center with the thickness of material; But when employing should be advised, not only increase material cost, and the weight of outer ring 2 also is increased to the thickness degree that increases like this of material.Therefore, be difficult to realize reducing total weight of bearing unit.Under the situation that increases material thickness, also increase when material is cut the cutting surplus that adds the material in man-hour, thereby not only increase overhours, and increase tooling cost, the result increases the manufacturing cost of outer ring 2.

In addition; In the slow cooling after forge hot; Though consider the efficient of mechanical cutting processing material is remained on soft relatively state, in this case, also deliquescing of the root of the root of the flange connector 2a of outer ring 2 and the mounting flange 12a of lining main body (preferably should keep hard).Add man-hour when carrying out mechanical cutting in this state, owing to add man-hour pressure and apply on it it being carried out mechanical cutting, flange connector 2a and mounting flange 12a sometimes are out of shape or tilt.When this took place, suspension system (steering swivel) and plate wheel respectively can not be accurately and are fixed in rigidly on flange connector 2a and the mounting flange 12a, the result, cause with the wheel stability of power actuated vehicle be supported on the worry that becomes very difficult on the suspension system.

For fear of this phenomenon takes place, though the thickness of root that can increase flange connector 2a and mounting flange 12a to strengthen root, under the situation of increase thickness like this, total weight of bearing unit also increases.Because therefore the non-suspended load of bearing unit component part and constitute the bearing unit of direct support wheel causes a kind of worry, i.e. the increase that loses with weight of the spin balancing of above-mentioned bearing is associated with the minimizing of the steerability of operation stability and wheel.

In addition, for example, patent documentation 2 proposes a kind of technology, and wherein lining main body 12 forms through sheet material is carried out Cold Forging.According to this technology, can be suppressed at and occur oxide coating or decarburization on the forging product surface, and can improve the fine limit work precision.In this case, owing to need not carry out any cutting, be difficult to produce the problem of the spin balancing that loses lining main body 12 to material.Yet; When sheet material carries out cold forging; Because the hardness of the axial end portion of lining main body 12 becomes the hardness of the root that is higher than mounting flange 12a, therefore wherein axial end portion plastic deformation so that interior ring lock is fixed on clamping operation on the lining main body 12 very difficulty that sometimes becomes.In addition; When machining sheet when producing lining main body 12; The very difficulty that machining sheet becomes with the cylindrical part of the cylindrical part that stretches out into actuator position or wheel alignment, therefore, like patent documentation 2 findings; The guide rod at a kind of intermittence need be set on the lining main body, independent guide rod perhaps is installed on the lining main body.

So,, such bearing unit is not arranged as yet up to now though the development of bearing unit is to hope with good efficient it can be locked in inner ring 16 on the lining main body 12 through realizing being convenient to clamp operation.

In addition, Figure 18 illustrates the another kind of bearing unit (also being referred to as wheel backup bearing unit) 105 that is used for drive wheels.The wheel 101 and its rotor 102 for the disc type actuator of braking turning unit and its formation formation brake system that constitute motor vehicle wheels rotatably are supported on the steering swivel 103 that constitutes suspension system.Circular support hole 104 parts that are formed on steering swivel 103 are fixed in the outer ring 106 that just, will constitute wheel support bushing unit 105 with a plurality of bolts 107.On the other hand, wheel 101 is connected with rotor 102 with nut 110 with a plurality of column bolts 109 and is fixed on the lining 108 that constitutes wheel support bushing unit 105.In addition, double cup raceway 111a, 111b and flange connector 112 are respectively formed on the inner circumferential surface and external peripheral surface of outer ring 6.Through with bolt 107 flange connector 112 being connected on the steering swivel 103, steering swivel 103 is fixed in outer ring 106.

In addition, lining 108 is made up of lining main body 113 and inner ring 114.Wherein, the part that the outer end opening from outer ring 106 stretches out, mounting flange 115 is formed on the part of external peripheral surface of lining main body 113.Should be pointed out that the left side that is meant Figure 18, Figure 19 with respect to axial " outward ", it is that this bearing unit is installed on this power actuated vehicle simultaneously in the outside of the bearing unit transversely of vehicle.On the contrary, be meant the right side of Figure 18, Figure 19 with respect to axial " interior ", it is that this bearing unit is installed on this power actuated vehicle simultaneously along the central side at the bearing unit transversely of vehicle.The outside face that wheel 101 and rotor 102 is connected and is fixed in mounting flange 115 with column bolt 109 and nut 110.

In addition, be formed on the centre portion on the external peripheral surface of lining main body 113 towards the inner ring raceway 116a of the outside cup raceway 111a of double cup raceway 111a, 111b.In addition, inner ring 114 is installed on the minor diameter stepped portion 117 that is formed on similarly on the inner end portion.Inner ring raceway 116b towards the inboard cup raceway 111b of double cup raceway 111a, 111b is formed on the external peripheral surface of inner ring 114.The inner ring 114 that will constitute like this through clamping part 118 is fixed in lining main body 113, and the inner end portion of this clamping part 118 through making lining main body 113 radially outward plastic deformation forms.In addition, double rolling element 119,119 rollably is arranged on respectively between cup raceway 111a, 111b and inner ring raceway 116a, the 116b.Though should be pointed out that shown in instance in, ball under the situation of severe duty automobile lining unit, sometimes uses conical roller as rolling element 119,119.In addition, the opening that is installed in the end place of cylindrical space wherein at rolling element 119,119 seals with seal ring 120a, 120a respectively airtightly.

And, shown in instance in because bearing unit is the wheel support bushing unit 105 that is used for drive wheel (trailing wheel of FF vehicle front-wheel, FR or RR vehicle, any wheel of 4WD vehicle), shaft hole 121 is formed in the core of lining 108.In addition, the rotating shaft 123 that is arranged on the outer face place of constant-velocity universal joint outer shroud 122 regularly is inserted in the shaft hole 121.Be associated therewith, nut 124 screw threads are fixed on the fore-end of rotating shaft 123, so through the nut 124 of fastening installation like this, lining main body 113 remains between nut 124 and the constant-velocity universal joint outer shroud 122.

Secondly, as conventionally known wheel support bushing unit, Figure 19 shows the another kind of lining unit that is used for driven wheel (trailing wheel of FF vehicle, FR or RR vehicle front-wheel).Owing to be used for the wheel support bushing unit 105a of driven wheel, do not have shaft hole to be arranged in the core of the lining main body 113a that constitutes lining 108a.Should be understood that; Though shown in instance in; The clamping part 118 of the inner end office of the inner end surface of inner ring 114 through being arranged on lining main body 113a keeps, but the inner end surface of inner ring 114 also can keep through the nut that screw thread is installed on the inner end surface of lining main body 113a.In this case, nut will male thread portion mounted thereto be arranged on the inner end office of lining main body 113a.The 26S Proteasome Structure and Function of the 26S Proteasome Structure and Function of other parts and foregoing wheel support bushing unit 105 is similar.

By the way; Under the situation of any structure that is configured to aforesaid wheel support bushing unit 105,105a, flange connector 112 and mounting flange 115 are respectively formed on the external peripheral surface of outer ring 106 on the external peripheral surface with lining main body 113,113a.As the method for making outer ring 106 or lining main body 113,113a; Except Plastic Forming such as forge hot or cold forging; Also consider cutting, flange connector 112 or mounting flange 115 are to form from its radially-protruding mode on the excircle of this lining main body 113,113a.

Yet the degree of utilization realization cost minimizing for through improving work efficiency and guaranteeing material preferably utilizes Plastic Forming.In addition, in Plastic Forming, because forge hot can make workpiece processed under soft state, so shaping load is suppressed to very little level.On the contrary, even if since after accomplishing processing with after the metallic material cooling, the degree of the metallic material hardening in component parts yet restricted (being no more than the degree that increases along with temperature decline hardness) therefore, is not always can access enough intensity.In addition, owing to need to consider that the het expansion between the forging die is different, therefore, be difficult to guarantee dimensional accuracy and form accuracy.On the other hand; For no matter whether momentum acts on above that in use; All prevent the generation of injurious deformation, need guarantee to be formed on the base portion of the flange connector 112 on the external peripheral surface of outer ring 106 or be formed on the intensity of the base portion of the mounting flange 115 on the external peripheral surface of lining main body 113.When forming outer ring 106 or lining main body 113,113a, under the situation that base portion is let matters aside, be difficult to give base portion or the mounting flange 115 desired intensity of flange connector 12a through forge hot.Therefore, for the intensity that increases this base portion need be carried out independent operation, this will increase the manufacturing cost of outer ring 106 or lining main body 113,113a.

In addition, utilize forge hot, because dimensional accuracy variation and need remove decarburized layer from heat treatment section, it is essential that the big cutting allowance that is used for subsequent step becomes, and therefore, hot forging method has the problem that increases manufacturing cost.

In contrast,, consider through it be that the side of one of cold forging method is pushed, be manufactured on outer ring 106 that flange connector 112 or mounting flange 115 are arranged on itself the outside face or lining main body 113,113a as described in patent documentation 3.It is outer ring 106 or the state of lining main body 113a that is used for the raceway rings parts of bearing unit that Figure 20 and Figure 21 illustrate through this lateral compression manufacturing described in the patent documentation 3 it.Should be understood that; Figure 20 illustrates and forms formation Figure 18 to the wheel support rolling element bearing 105 that is used for drive wheels shown in Figure 19, the state of 105a outer ring 106, and Figure 21 illustrates the state that forms the lining main body 113a that constitutes the wheel support rolling element bearing 105a that is used for driven wheel shown in Figure 19.

In either case; Material 125, the 125a that its external peripheral surface manufactures cylindrical surface or stair-stepping cylindrical surface is arranged in the mould 128 that is made up of upper trimming die 126,126a and following punch die 127,127a, the 128a, and mould 128,128a have the inner surface structure with the outer surface structure coupling of flange connector 12 or mounting flange 15.At this state, keep not comprising the part of external peripheral surface of material 125, the 125a of the part that will form flange connector 112 or mounting flange 115.On the other hand, around the periphery of the part that will form flange connector 112 or mounting flange 115, there are space 129,129a with flange 112,115 couplings.Axially suppressed under the situation of (axial dimension dwindles) at material 125,125a by drift 130,130a at this state; When axial dimension shortens; The material that has nowhere to run is urged among space 129, the 129a, thereby flange connector 112 or mounting flange 115 finally are formed on the part of external peripheral surface.

Under the situation of outer ring 106 that comprises flange connector 112 or mounting flange 115 through above-described lateral compression manufacturing or lining main body 113a, can increase the intensity of the base portion of flange connector 112 or mounting flange 115 on the external peripheral surface that is formed on outer ring 106 or lining main body 113a.Promptly; Owing to comprise the flange connector 112 or the mounting flange 115 processed sclerosis of base portion; Therefore exempted the essentiality that increases the subsequent treatment of base portion intensity, even if perhaps this subsequent treatment is necessary, simple subsequent treatment also will be enough; Therefore, realized reducing the manufacturing cost of outer ring 106 or lining main body 113a.In addition,, therefore guarantee dimensional accuracy and form accuracy easily, and can simplify or save or following process, thereby make it possible to realize reducing manufacturing cost from this respect owing to needn't consider the difference of the het expansion between the forging die.

Yet,,,, also still leave room for improvement even if with the manufacturing approach described in the patent documentation 3 recited above so that realize reducing weight etc. in order further to increase the intensity of the base portion of flange connector 112 or mounting flange 115.Promptly; Like what in automobile technical field, be widely known by the people; In order to realize increasing driveability or the fuel efficiency that concentrates on travelling comfort, driving stability property etc.; Reducing so-called non-suspended load is actv., this suspended load be positioned at than constitute suspension spring more near the weight of ground-surface parts.Much less; The outer ring 106 or the lining main body 113a that comprise flange connector 112 or mounting flange 115 constitute this non-suspended load; And, also become highly beneficial even if reduce the weight of outer ring 106 or lining main body 113a (and lining main body 113) a little from increasing the viewpoint of aforementioned properties.

In order to reduce the thickness of flange connector 112 or mounting flange 115; So that reduce the weight of outer ring 106 or lining main body 113,113a; The intensity that increases flange connector 112 or mounting flange 115 is very favorable; Specifically, apply the intensity of base portion above that at the big momentum of Ackermann steer angle.From this viewpoint, above-identified patent document 3 described manufacturing approaches still leave some room for improvement.

In addition, under the situation of such bearing unit, the wheel installation surface of flange connector 112 or the vehicle body installation surface of mounting flange 115 need be with the quiet processing of good planeness precision, so that guarantee the precision of beating.In patent documentation 3, in the disclosed correlation technique, will be designed to realize with the accurately machined installation surface of good planeness precision with cutting.

Yet when attempting to come the fine limit work installation surface with cutting, because conventionally, the whole zone of the installation surface of mounting flange 115 or flange connector 112 is for example with wheel or vehicle body adjacency, needs the whole zone of cutting installation surface.Therefore, about the tooling cost of the raceway rings parts of flange (with make relevant time cost or with make relevant work hour cost) still have problem to need solution.

Patent documentation 1: the open JP-A-2005-256897 of japanese unexamined

Patent documentation 2: the open JP-A-2003-25803 of japanese unexamined

Patent documentation 3: the open JP-A-2006-111070 of japanese unexamined

Summary of the invention

The problem that the present invention will solve

The present invention is proposed in light of this situation; First purpose of the present invention provides a kind of low-cost bearing unit with good operation stability and steerability, its through with wheel stability be supported on the suspension system of automobile and can be at the constant verticity of long maintenance in service.Second purpose of the present invention provides and a kind ofly convenient clamp operation and can inner ring be locked in the bearing unit on another raceway rings with good efficiencies through realizing.Also have, the 3rd purpose of the present invention is to realize a kind of structure and manufacturing approach and equipment, is used to obtain to be used for the lightweight bearing sub-assembly of bearing unit and bearing unit cheaply.In addition, the 4th purpose of the present invention provides a kind of bearing unit, and it can reduce the cost relevant with the plane fine limit work, keeps plane fine limit work precision simultaneously, processes the wheel mounting plane or the vehicle body mounting plane of flange with this plane fine limit work.

The means of dealing with problems

According to realizing first purpose first aspect of the present invention, a kind of bearing unit is provided, it comprises:

Be installed in a raceway rings on the vehicle body;

Be arranged to towards this raceway rings and be installed in another raceway rings on the wheel; And

Rollably be arranged on be respectively formed at these two raceway rings towards a plurality of rolling elements between the lip-deep raceway face, wherein

At least any one in the raceway rings has and is used to be installed in the flange on vehicle body or the wheel, wherein

Raceway rings is integrally to form through the cold forging that ledge surface is not applied cutting, at least raceway face is carried out quenching and temper and ground finish through electromagnetic induction simultaneously.

In addition, according to a second aspect of the invention, provide a kind of as at the bearing unit described in the first aspect,

The cylindrical part of the location of the radial location of realization wheel integrally and continuously is arranged on another raceway rings along circumferencial direction, and

The cylindrical part of this location forms through cold forging, and cutting process is not carried out on its surface.

The third aspect of the invention according to realizing second purpose provides a kind of bearing unit, and it comprises:

Be installed in a raceway rings on the vehicle body;

Be arranged to towards this raceway rings and be installed in another raceway rings on the wheel;

Rollably be arranged on be respectively formed at two these raceway rings towards a plurality of rolling elements between the lip-deep raceway face;

This another raceway rings has:

Have radially-protruding flange another raceway rings parts and

Be clamped to the axial end portion of these raceway rings parts so that be locked in the inner ring on these raceway rings parts,

Material through physical construction carbon steel is constituted carries out cold forging, and this flange and this another raceway rings parts integrally form, after forging, do not anneal, and

The hardness of flange root is arranged in the hardness that clamping is higher than the axial end portion of these another raceway rings parts before.

In addition, according to a forth aspect of the invention, provide a kind of as at the bearing unit described in the third aspect,

With the root hardness of this flange be arranged in clamp before than the high Vickers hardness HV50 of hardness of the axial end portion of these another raceway rings parts or more than,

And according to a fifth aspect of the invention, provide a kind of as the 3rd or the described bearing unit of fourth aspect,

The axial end portion of these another raceway rings parts is through along diametric(al) contraction or expansion material and integrally forming with closed cold forging, and

Flange is through the extruded material and integrally forming laterally with closed cold forging.

Also have, the 6th aspect according to realizing the 3rd purpose provides a kind of metal raceway rings parts that are used for bearing unit, and it comprises:

Be arranged on the radially-protruding flange on the external peripheral surface;

Be arranged on the cylindrical part of the location of the part that is arranged in its axial end portion on the external peripheral surface, its axial side than flange is stretched out farther; And

Raceway in circumferential surface any one, wherein

The cylindrical part of this location and flange are formed by Plastic Forming through colding pressing, and

The cylindrical part of this location forms hierarchic structure, and it has:

Be located at the small diameter portion of shaft end side;

Stepped portion; And

Be located at it towards flange one side and make major diameter part via stepped portion continuity.

In addition, the 7th aspect of the present invention according to realizing the 3rd purpose provides a kind of bearing unit, and it comprises:

The outside diameter raceway rings parts that on inner circumferential surface, have double cup raceway;

The internal side diameter raceway rings parts that on external peripheral surface, have double inner ring raceway;

Rollably be arranged on a plurality of rolling elements between every row of cup raceway and inner ring raceway, wherein

At least one raceway rings parts in outside diameter raceway rings parts and the internal side diameter raceway rings parts are the raceway rings parts that are used for described bearing unit aspect the of the present invention the 6th.

Also have, the eight aspect of the present invention according to realizing the 3rd purpose provides a kind of raceway rings member manufacturing method that is used for bearing unit, and these raceway rings parts comprise:

Be arranged on the radially-protruding flange on the external peripheral surface of these raceway rings parts;

Be arranged on the cylindrical part of the location of the part that is arranged in its axial end portion on the external peripheral surface, its axial side than flange is stretched out farther; And

Raceway face in the circumferential surface of raceway rings parts any one,

Wherein this external peripheral surface is made cylindrical surface, and

The metallic material manufacturing of these raceway rings parts through making cylindrical surface with its external peripheral surface,

This manufacturing approach comprises:

The preparation mould, it comprises:

(depressed) flange radially outward recessed in the part that will form flange forms the space;

Its internal diameter is greater than the large diameter cylinder type surface portion of the external diameter of material;

Stepped portion; And

Its internal diameter is less than the small diameter cylinders shape surface portion of larger diameter side cylindrical surface part,

Wherein large diameter cylinder type surface portion, stepped portion and small diameter cylinders shape surface portion form space one side with respect to the formation of axial order ground from this flange in respect to the part of axially closing on this flange formation space;

At least a portion with the material of the cylindrical part that constitutes this location is arranged on the inboard state of small diameter cylinders shape surface portion, and material is put in the mould (die); And

Form the lateral compression processing that space one side is carried out axial pressed material from this part one side that constitutes the cylindrical part of locating towards flange, form the space so that make the part of the metallic material of constituent material get into flange,

Wherein in carrying out lateral compression processing,

This material plastic deformation, so that flange forms on the part of circumferential surface outside,

The part of this material is from the medial movement of the interior side direction large diameter cylinder type surface portion of small diameter cylinders shape surface portion, so that expanded outer diameter, thereby makes this part work hardening of material, and

The part of this work hardening moves to the part that constitutes the flange base portion, makes basal this part at least be made up of the part of work hardening.

In addition, according to a ninth aspect of the invention, provide a kind of as in the bearing unit raceway rings member manufacturing method described in the eight aspect, wherein,

On the inside face of mould; The internal diameter of smaller diameter side cylindrical surface part forms the external diameter less than the part of the material of the cylindrical part that constitutes the location; And the internal diameter of larger diameter side cylindrical surface part forms the external diameter greater than this part of the cylindrical part that constitutes the location, and

At least a part that constitutes this part of the cylindrical part of locating is press fit in the smaller diameter side cylindrical surface part, thereby material is placed in the mould.

And the tenth aspect of the present invention according to realizing the 3rd purpose provides a kind of equipment that is used to make the raceway rings parts that are used for bearing unit, and these raceway rings parts comprise:

Be arranged on the radially-protruding flange on the external peripheral surface of these raceway rings parts;

Be arranged on the cylindrical part of the location of the part that is arranged in its axial end portion on the external peripheral surface, its axial side than flange is stretched out farther; And

Raceway face in the circumferential surface of raceway rings parts any one, and

The metallic material that these raceway rings parts are made cylindrical surface through its external peripheral surface is made,

Wherein this mould comprises:

Flange in the lip-deep part that sets within it forms the space, and its flange forms with radially outward recessed (depressed) mode; With

Its internal diameter is greater than the large diameter cylinder type surface portion of material external diameter;

Stepped portion; And

Its internal diameter is less than the small diameter cylinders shape surface portion of larger diameter side cylindrical surface part,

Wherein, large diameter cylinder type surface portion, stepped portion, small diameter cylinders shape surface portion form space one side from flange and are provided with respect to axial order ground in respect to the part of axially closing on this flange formation space.

In addition, according to the present invention who realizes the 4th purpose the tenth on the one hand, a kind of bearing unit is provided, comprises:

Be installed in a raceway rings on the vehicle body;

Be arranged to towards this raceway rings and be installed in another raceway rings on the wheel;

Rollably be arranged on be respectively formed at these two raceway rings towards a plurality of rolling elements between the lip-deep raceway face;

At least any one has flange in the raceway rings, is installed on vehicle body or the wheel, wherein in this this raceway rings of flange place

This flange has a plurality of bolt mounting holes, and the bolt that wherein is used for fastening vehicle body or wheel is suitable for being installed in this bolt mounting holes,

This flange comprises with the sponson on the neighboring area that is arranged on bolt mounting holes towards vehicle body installation side or wheel installation side from its mode of stretching out.

In addition, the 12 aspect according to the present invention provides a kind of as at the tenth bearing unit described on the one hand,

The mounting face section that this sponson formation body-side member or wheel-side member are adjacent.

And, according to the 13 aspect of the present invention that realizes the 4th purpose, a kind of bearing unit raceway rings component manufacturing method of at least one raceway rings at the of the present invention the tenth bearing unit described on the one hand is provided, comprising:

Formation comprises the intermediate materials of flange;

Its diameter is carried out cold process half die cut processing greater than the neighboring area of the diameter of bolt, and a plurality of bolt mounting holes are formed in this flange with the mode of stretching out towards vehicle body installation side or wheel installation side in this neighboring area, and

After half die cut operation, upsetting is towards this neighboring area that vehicle body installation side or wheel installation side stretch out.

Advantage of the present invention

According to first aspect present invention, can realize having the low-cost bearing unit of excellent stability and steerability, its through with wheel stability be supported on the suspension system can be in long-time the constant verticity of maintenance.

According to third aspect present invention,, can realize making inner ring be locked in the bearing unit on another raceway rings parts with good efficiencies through realizing the convenient operation that clamps.

According to bearing unit raceway rings parts according to sixth aspect present invention; Bearing unit according to seventh aspect present invention; Bearing unit raceway rings component manufacturing method according to eighth aspect present invention; And, can obtain lightweight bearing unit raceway rings parts and bearing unit with low cost according to the manufacturing equipment of tenth aspect present invention.That is,, improved forming efficiency and guaranteed the degree of utilization of material, thereby made it possible to realize reducing cost because flange is formed on the external peripheral surface of bearing unit raceway rings parts for lateral compression that cold plasticity is shaped through it.In addition because since with the cold plasticity relevant work hardening that is shaped, the hardness of flange rises to the hardness that is higher than material, so guarantees the intensity of flange easily.And, under situation of the present invention, owing to make the work hardening layer that forms through the external diameter that changes material be present on the superficial layer of this flange base portion at least; The intensity of flange base portion can further increase; Thereby through increasing the intensity of flange fully, the thickness of flange reduces; So that the convenient weight that realizes reducing bearing unit raceway rings parts, thereby the weight of minimizing bearing unit.

According to the of the present invention the 11 and the 13 aspect; Through keeping the planeness fine limit work precision in wheel or vehicle body installation surface zone; A kind of bearing unit can be provided; It can reduce cost, comprises that fine limit work is arranged on the wheel of the flange on one or two raceway rings parts or the cost in vehicle body installation surface zone.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the view that the processing that is used for cold forging driven wheel lining is shown, and wherein (a) is the step of preparation steel billet, (b) with (c) be to draw step, (d) formula lateral compression step is that lateral compression finally forms step (e).

Fig. 2 is the view that the processing that is used for cold forging stationary ring (raceway rings) is shown, and wherein (a) is the step of preparation steel billet, (b) is preceding pressing steps, (c) is the back pressing steps, is to flatten step (d), (e) is the lateral compression step.

Fig. 3 (a) is the cutaway view of the lining main body (another raceway rings parts) of the drive wheels of closed die cold forging, (b) is the cutaway view of the lining main body (another raceway rings parts) of the driven wheel of closed die cold forging.

Fig. 4 is the view that the processing that is used to seal cold forging driven wheel lining main body is shown, and wherein (a) is the step of preparation steel billet, (b) be to draw step (c), (d) be the lateral compression step, (e) be that lateral compression finally forms step.

Fig. 5 be illustrate 2.5 generation bearing unit the view of structure, wherein (a) is the cutaway view that is used for the bearing unit of drive wheels, (b) is the cutaway view that is used for the bearing unit of driven wheel.

Fig. 6 is that the order according to forming step illustrates cutaway view and end elevation according to first instance of the embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 7 is the view of the amplification of the X part among Fig. 6.

Fig. 8 is illustrated in the cutaway view that carries out the state of lateral compression in first instance.

Fig. 9 is the view of the amplification of the Y part among Fig. 8.

Figure 10 is that the order according to forming step illustrates cutaway view and end elevation according to second instance of the embodiment of the invention.

Figure 11 is the schematic sectional view that illustrates according to the embodiment of bearing unit of the present invention.

Figure 12 is the schematic sectional view that is used for the mould of half die cut step, and it illustrates the state that carries out half die cut step.

Figure 13 is the view that step (step) instance 1 schematically is shown.

Figure 14 is the view that step instance 2 schematically is shown.

Figure 15 is the cutaway view that the amplification of half die cut step is shown.

Figure 16 (a) is the cutaway view that the structure of the bearing unit that is used for drive wheels is shown, and (b) is the cutaway view that the structure of the bearing unit that is used for driven wheel is shown

Figure 17 (a) illustrates the lining that is used for drive wheels and the cutaway view of a raceway rings with is olation, and Figure 17 (b) illustrates the lining that is used for driven wheel and the cutaway view of a raceway rings with is olation.

Figure 18 is the cutaway view of another instance that the wheel support bushing unit of the drive wheels that is used to have the lining unit that is assemblied on the steering swivel is shown.

Figure 19 is the cutaway view of another instance that the wheel support bushing unit of the driven wheel that is used to have the lining unit that is assemblied on the steering swivel is shown.

Figure 20 is through at the state of the first being processed that will begin in a minute with the state after just having accomplished processing, and the cutaway view of processing the state of the outer ring of making formation wheel backup bearing unit with conventionally known lateral compression is shown.

Figure 21 is through at the state of the first being processed that will begin in a minute with the state after just having accomplished processing, the conventionally known lateral compression of usefulness is shown processes the cutaway view of the state of the lining main body of making the wheel backup bearing unit that is configured for driven wheel.

The explanation of Reference numeral

2,106,204 outer rings (raceway rings, outside diameter raceway rings parts);

2a, 112, the 204c flange connector;

2s, 111a, 111b cup raceway;

4,108,108a, 201 linings (another raceway rings);

4s, 116a, 116b inner ring raceway;

6,8,119 rolling elements;

12,113,113a, 202 lining main bodys (another raceway rings parts, internal side diameter raceway rings parts);

12a, 115, the 202c mounting flange;

The axial end portion (clamping region) of another raceway rings parts of 12c;

101 wheels;

102 rotors;

103 steering swivels;

104 supported holes;

105,105a wheel support bushing unit;

107 bolts;

109,202g column bolt (bolt);

110 nuts;

114 inner rings;

117 minor diameter stepped portion;

118 clamping parts;

120a, the 120b seal ring;

121 shaft holes;

122 constant-velocity universal joint outer shrouds;

123 rotating shafts;

124 nuts;

125, the 125a material;

126,126a, 126b upper trimming die;

127, punch die under the 127a;

128, the 128a mould;

129, the 129a space;

130, the 130a drift;

131 first intermediate materials;

132 small diameter cylinders shape parts;

133 large diameter cylinder type parts;

134 sloping portions;

135 second intermediate materials;

136,136a the 3rd intermediate materials;

137 punch dies;

138 upper plates;

139 elastic structures;

140 lower plates;

141 flange formingspaces;

142 are sunken into part;

Recess on 143;

144 large diameter cylinder type surface portions;

147 recesses;

The cylindrical part of 148 location;

The 148a small diameter portion;

The 148b stepped portion;

148c major diameter part;

149 ejection pins;

150 materials;

230 sponsons

The specific embodiment

(first embodiment)

At first, will the bearing unit according to first embodiment of the invention be described with reference to figure 1 and Fig. 2.The bearing unit of this embodiment is to the improvement of the bearing unit shown in Figure 16 (a), 16 (b), therefore, only describes various structure, and the description of saving similar structures.

In the bearing unit of this embodiment, outer ring (raceway rings) 2 forms through cold forging with lining main body 12 (constituting the raceway rings parts of another raceway rings).To the processing that be used for forming through cold forging lining main body 12 be described with reference to figure 1 here.

At first, shown in Fig. 1 (a),, will be prepared into therein material by the cylindrical steel billet 20 that physical construction carbon steel (JISG4051) processes by nodularization as the material that is used to form lining main body 12.Should be understood that; Though here steel billet 20 is solid materials; Because consider the lining main body 12 (Figure 17 (b)) that is used for driven wheel, so under the situation that is used for the lining main body 12 of drive wheels (Figure 17 (a)), maybe the hollow steel billet (not shown) of only essential preparation.

Secondly, shown in Fig. 1 (b) and 1 (c), constitute the part 2n-2 of part 20m and the formation outer ring 16 of external peripheral surface 4m of lining main body 12 installation surface 4n-2 mounted thereto, for example, form through drawing steel billet 20 with closed cold forging.When drawing steel billet, the part 20b that constitutes stepped portion 12b can be integrally formed in part 20m, 20n-2 between the two.In addition, in drawing processing, integrally form the part 20c of the clamping region 12c (axial end portion) that constitutes lining main body 12 (another raceway rings parts) simultaneously.

Afterwards; Shown in Fig. 1 (d), constitute inner ring raceway 4s (also being referred to as to rotate raceway face) part 20s, constitute lip shape sealing member 10a slidingsurface 4n-1's or the part 20n-1 that slides above that of lip shape sealing member 10a and the part 20a that constitutes mounting flange 12a with closed cold forging through lateral compression steel billet 20 and formation integrally.When pushing steel billet, when forming the part 20a that constitutes mounting flange 12a, cylindrical part (also being referred to as the guide rod part) the part 20d that constitutes the location also integrally forms with the mode that continues along circumferencial direction.

In addition, shown in Fig. 1 (e), when the lateral compression accomplished through closed cold forging, can with high precision accomplish form and Figure 17 (b) shown in the product of lining main body 12 same structures.In this case, the total structure that comprises the lining main body 12 of lateral compression mounting flange 12a is star shape.

In this case, the surface of mounting flange 12a (comprising the bolt installation surface 14m that lining bolt 14 is mounted thereto) and the cylindrical part 12d of location do not carry out cutting, and in fact they can use.Therefore, do not produce the off-centre of the inconsistent routine in center of the cylindrical part of mounting flange and location, thereby, for example, do not lose its spin balancing for the lining 4 of swivel eye.Therefore, can be in long-time the constant verticity of retainer shaft bearing unit.

In addition; Form mounting flange 12a through lateral compression; Cylindrical part 12d along the continuous location of circumferencial direction can integrally form with simple and fast speed mode, thereby owing to can improve the manufacturing efficient of lining main body 12, thereby can realize reducing manufacturing cost.

And, for example, owing to can in material, produce work hardening with closed cold forging, thereby can increase the intensity of the root of mounting flange 12a.In this case; Owing to can realize reducing the thickness of the root of mounting flange 12a; Therefore can realize the weight of lining main body 12 is reduced to the degree that thickness reduces, thereby, therefore can improve the operation stability and the steerability of wheel owing to can reduce non-suspended load.

By the way, in the completed workpiece shown in Fig. 1 (e) (lining main body 12), slidingsurface 4n-1, inner ring raceway 4s and the inner ring 16 installation surface 4n-2 of lip shape sealing member 10a are heat-treated and grinding.In this case, quenching that will be through electromagnetic induction and temper put on via the stepped portion 12b of inner ring raceway 4s and external peripheral surface 4m from slidingsurface 4n-1 to zone that inner ring 16 installation surface 4n-2 extend.

Here; In passing through the heat treatment of electromagnetic induction; For example; Be arranged under the state in the coil at completed workpiece (lining main body 12), when applying high-frequency currents through this coil when producing high frequency magnetic flow, so this completed workpiece (lining main body 12) can heat through induction effect around coil.When doing like this, quenched with cooling system conditioner (for example, water) by the part of so heating, thereby quench.Afterwards, this completed workpiece (lining main body 12) is heated and is cooled thereafter, thereby carries out tempering.

In quenching that utilizes electromagnetic induction and temper, completed workpiece (the lining main body 12) hardening of can quenching equably.Specifically, in the lining main body 12 (Figure 17 (a)) of the drive wheels that is used for forming by hollow steel billet (not shown), because the difference in thickness between lining main body 12 each several parts becomes less relatively, so the heat absorption capacity of each several part constant (constant).Therefore, the degree of depth that the quenching hardening obtains is stable, thereby, make it possible to guarantee that the intensity on whole lining main body 12 is even.

After utilizing electromagnetic induction completion heat treatment recited above, completed workpiece (lining main body 12) is carried out grinding.For example; The heat treatment surface (part of the external peripheral surface 4m on the inner ring raceway 4s of lining main body 12 side after the surface (cold forging surface) of mounting flange 12a utilizes magnetic chuck (electromagnetic attaction also keeps) to keep via backing plate and forges; Figure 17 (b)) in the state by pressure shoe (receiving-member) support, is ground to slidingsurface 4n-1, inner ring raceway 4s, inner ring 16 installation surface 4n-2 and pressure shoe stayed surface (not shown) that Shaoshi is added on lip shape sealing member 10a.

In this case, in ground finish, use the emery wheel that constitutes by diamond wheel.In addition; In magnetic suction disc; Block the state of (clamping with pawl) owing to produced surface (cold forging surface) part of star mounting flange 12a, the backing plate that therefore uses continuity circumferentially is as backing plate, and wherein its outside diameter has different magnetic poles with internal side diameter in the demagnetization material.

Below, will the processing that be used for forming through cold forging outer ring 2 (this raceway rings) be described with reference to figure 2.Should be pointed out that Fig. 2 illustrates the outer ring structure that vertically partly cuts open.

At first, shown in Fig. 2 (a),, will be prepared in this steel billet material by the hollow steel billet 22 that physical construction carbon steel forms by nodularization as the material that is used to form outer ring 2.In this case, here steel billet 22 is hollow materials, because outer ring 2 forms hollow annular shape.

Secondly, shown in Fig. 2 (b), steel billet 22 is applied extruding forward, integrally form the part 22m of the external peripheral surface 2m that constitutes outer ring 2 through closed cold forging.In this case, this part 22m constitutes the part of the external peripheral surface 2m that points to wheel.

Thereafter, shown in Fig. 2 (c), the extruding through closed cold forging carries out backward steel billet 22 integrally forms the annular section 22n-2 that constitutes combination seal 10b fixed surface 2n-2 fixed thereon.In this generation,, also integrally form the part 22s of cup raceway (also the being referred to as static raceway rings surface) 2s that constitutes rolling element 8 (Figure 16) and roll above that at the root place of part 22n-2.

After this, shown in Figure 22 (d), come ironed steel billet 22, the part 22s of the cup raceway 2s that the rolling element 6 of formation formation integrally (Figure 16) rolls above that through closed cold forging.

In addition, shown in Fig. 2 (e), steel billet 22 is applied lateral compression through closed cold forging, integrally forming flange connector 2a, can with high precision accomplish produce with Figure 17 (b) in outer ring 2 identical constructed products is arranged.

In this case, cutting is not carried out on the surface of flange connector 2a and the external peripheral surface 2m and the inner circumferential surface 2n of outer ring 2, and in fact they can be used.Therefore, the center that does not produce flange connector and outer ring is inconsistent, thereby, lose spin balancing conventional eccentric of bearing.Therefore, can be in long-time the constant verticity of retainer shaft bearing unit.

In addition, can in material, produce work hardening, therefore, for example can increase the intensity of the root of flange connector 2a owing to form flange connector 2a through lateral compression.In this case; Owing to can realize reducing the thickness of flange connector 2a root; Therefore can realize the weight of outer ring 2 is reduced to the degree that thickness reduces, thereby, therefore can improve the operation stability and the steerability of wheel owing to can reduce non-suspended load.

By the way, the completed workpiece (outer ring 2) shown in Fig. 2 (e) is heat-treated and grinding.In this case, when grinding cup raceway 2s, it in fact is used as reference plane for the external peripheral surface 2m that cold mould forms the surface.Therefore, can carry out grinding to cup raceway 2s with high precision, thus can be with the inconsistent minimum level that is suppressed in the center between outer ring 2 and the cup raceway 2s.

In addition, integrally form outer ring 2 through cold forging and still can prevent to influence the inconsistent degree in center owing to need the thickness of outer ring 2 be increased to, thus not only can realize reducing the weight of outer ring 2, but also can realize reducing the weight of whole bearing unit.When outer ring 2 requires further circularity, can after cold forging or heating, repair processing to outer ring 2, so that scrape off external peripheral surface 2m thinly with punching machine.

In addition; In the process of heating outer ring 2; Can only aforesaid electromagnetic induction quenching and tempering must be put on the corresponding cup raceway 2s via inner circumferential surface 2n, extend to the zone of lid 10c (Figure 16) fixed surface fixed thereon from lip shape sealing member 10a (Figure 16 (a)) fixed surface 2n-1 fixed thereon.Because outer ring 2 is formed by hollow steel billet 22, the thickness of its part can be made thinner relatively.Because can make the heat absorption capacity of each several part constant (constant) because thickness is so thin,, thereby make it possible to guarantee uniform intensity on the whole outer ring 2 so the degree of depth of resulting quenching hardening is stable.

In addition, be used for cold forging outer ring 2 and material lining main body 12, for example, except the billet material that physical construction carbon steel constitutes, can also be with tubing or sheet material.

In addition, though in this embodiment, flange (flange connector 2a, mounting flange 12a) is integrally to form through lateral compression, the invention is not restricted to this, therefore, and the shaping processing that can adopt flange radially to extend step by step.For example, the part of the material that constitutes flange is carried out upsetting processing, and accomplish this part of upsetting like this carried out extrusion process backward after, can carry out upsetting processing again, so that flange is radially extended step by step.

(second embodiment)

Below, will the bearing unit according to second embodiment of the invention be described with reference to figure 3 and Fig. 5.Should be pointed out that because the bearing unit of this embodiment also is to the improvement of the bearing unit shown in Figure 16 (a), 16 (b), therefore, only describe various structure below, and the description of saving same structure.

In the bearing unit shown in 16 (a) and 16 (b); For the intensity with mounting flange 12a root is increased to a certain degree; Lining main body 12 is arranged to substantially the same (constant) hardness on the whole, therefore makes clamping region (axial end portion) 12c of lining main body 12 be difficult to plastic deformation.

So; In the bearing unit of this embodiment; Make the easy plastic deformation of clamping region 12c (Fig. 3 (a) and 3 (b)) on the axial end portion of lining main body (these another raceway rings parts) 12, so that through along circumferential ends 16s clamping (one-tenth closed contact) this clamping region 12c of inner ring 16 and can inner ring 16 be locked on the lining main body 12 with good efficiency.

In order to realize this structure; Lining main body 12 can be processed through closed cold forging; So that it is harder relatively to need the root of the mounting flange 12a of higher rotating bending intensity to remain, and in the clamping region 12c of the lining main body 12 that applies clamping, remains softer relatively.

To the processing that be used for forming through closed cold forging lining main body 12 be described with reference to figure 4 here.

At first, shown in Fig. 4 (a),, will be prepared into therein material by the cylindrical steel billet 20 that physical construction carbon steel is processed by nodularization as the material that forms lining main body 12.Should be understood that; Though because consider the lining main body 12 (Fig. 3 (b)) that is used for driven wheel; Here steel billet 20 is solid materials, but under the situation of the lining main body 12 that is used for drive wheels (Fig. 3 (a)), can only essentially make hollow steel billet (not shown).

Below, shown in Fig. 4 (b) and 4 (c), constitute part 20m and the part 20n-2 that constitutes outer ring 16 installation surface 4n-2 mounted thereto of the external peripheral surface 4m of lining main body 12, for example, integrally form through drawing steel billet 20 with closed cold forging.When drawing steel billet, the part 2b that constitutes stepped portion 12b can be integrally formed in this part 20m and 20n-2 between the two.

In addition, in drawing processing, integrally form the part 20c of the clamping region 12c that constitutes lining main body 12 simultaneously.In this case, through in this part 20c, carrying out closed cold forging, steel billet radially shrinks or expands.Through relevant portion being carried out this radial shrinkage or expansion processing, can remain this part 20c that constitutes clamping region 12c softer relatively.

In order to describe particularly; Be used for initiatively and the lining main body 12 (Fig. 3 (a) and 3 (b)) of driven wheel; The part 20c that constitutes clamping region 12c radially shrinks or expands, and this part can be thinned to such degree, thereby the hardness in relevant portion 20c can reduce.Because basis, for example, the structure of lining main body 12 and/or size are provided with this part by radial shrinkage or the degree that radially expands, and the size that therefore acts on the gripping power on the relevant portion 20c etc. does not provide concrete numerical limit value here.

Subsequently; Shown in Fig. 4 (d); Constitute inner ring raceway 4s part 20s, constitute lip shape sealing member 10a slidingsurface 4n-1's or the part 20n-1 that slides above that of lip shape sealing member 10a and the part 20a that constitutes mounting flange 12a, with closed cold forging through lateral compression and formation integrally.When this takes place, form simultaneously at the part 20a that constitutes mounting flange 12a, the part 20d that constitutes the cylindrical part 12d of location also integrally forms with the mode along the circumferencial direction continuity.

According to the lateral compression through this closed cold forging, the part 20c of the clamping part 12c of the ratio formation lining main body 12 that the hardness of part (the comprising root) 20a of formation mounting flange 12a becomes is hard.This is because the different result of hardening who in steel billet 20, produces.

Here, with describing the test result of carrying out about the work hardening difference.

At first, for example, the physical construction carbon steel that will contain 0.50 to 0.56% carbon carries out spherodization, so that make the steel billet (material) that its hardness is adjusted to vickers hardness hv 160.Then, this material is carried out closed cold forging to form the lining main body.In this case, the hardness of clamping region is HV200, and the hardness of mounting flange (comprising its root) is HV250 or higher, produces the difference of hardness of HV50 to 100.

When based on the intensity of material with difference of hardness (HV50-HV100) when converting poor tensile strength to, the result obtains about 17 to 33kgf/mm ²Poor tensile strength, and the intensity (hardness) that obtains mounting flange (comprising its root) increases to the result such above clamping region.

In addition, shown in Fig. 4 (e), when accomplishing, can accomplish with high precision and form the product that same structure is arranged with the lining main body 12 shown in Fig. 3 (b) through the lateral compression of closed cold forging.In this case, the total structure of lining main body 12 that comprises the mounting flange 12a of lateral compression is star shape.

Though should be pointed out that normal and forge in the processing, after accomplishing lining main body 12, carry out annealed in process, annealed in process is to be used to remove unrelieved stress (residouble row stress), and reduces hardness through the mechanical characteristics that changes material.Yet, in this embodiment, owing to need between clamping region 2c and mounting flange 12a (comprising its root), keep the difference of hardness of HV50 to 100, so after closed cold forging, do not carry out annealed in process.

Therefore, need to consider after closed cold forging, to hope that the residual hardness of the clamping region of maintenance is provided with the hardness of steel billet 20.In this case; Since can with respect to, for example, act on gripping power and the hardness of mounting flange 12a (comprising its root) on the clamping region 12c; Come at random to be provided with the residual hardness of clamping region 12c, therefore do not provide concrete numerical limit value here.

Therefore, according to this embodiment, the hardness of mounting flange 12a (comprising its root) can be arranged to be higher than the hardness of the clamping region 12c of lining main body 12.That is, before clamping, the hardness of mounting flange 12a (comprising its root) can be arranged to than the high Vickers hardness HV50 of hardness of the clamping region 12c of lining main body 12 or more than.

In addition, shown in Figure 16 (a) and 16 (b), outer ring 2 is arranged on the lining main body 12 that has completed with the mode towards lining main body 12, and a plurality of rolling elements 6,8 and sealing member are mounted thereto.After being installed in inner ring 16 in the lining main body 12,12c clamps to clamping region.In this case, the hardness of the clamping region 12c of lining main body 12 remains softer than mounting flange 12a (comprising its root) before clamping.Therefore, can easily clamp (becoming contact closely) clamping region 12c along the circumferential ends 16s of inner ring 16.Should can be locked on the lining main body 12 with good performance (efficiency) by interior ring 16.

In addition, according to the lining main body 12 of this embodiment, the surface of mounting flange 12a (comprising the bolt installation surface 14m that bolt 14 is mounted thereto) and the cylindrical part 12d of location do not carry out cutting, and use them like their original appearance.Therefore, the center of cylindrical part that does not produce mounting flange and location is inconsistent, thereby for example, loses the off-centre of routine of the spin balancing of lining 4 (lining main body 12).Thus, can be in long-time the constant verticity of retainer shaft bearing unit.

In addition; Through forming mounting flange 12a with lateral compression, the cylindrical part 12d of the location that constitutes in a circumferential direction can integrally form with simple and fast speed mode, thereby; Owing to can increase the manufacturing efficient of lining main body 12, therefore realize reducing manufacturing cost.

And; Owing to can increase the intensity of the root of mounting flange 12a; Therefore can realize the minimizing of root thickness; And can realize the weight of lining main body 12 is reduced to the degree that its thickness reduces, thereby, therefore can improve the operation stability and the steerability of wheel owing to can reduce non-suspended load.

In addition, in the workpiece (lining main body 12) with completion shown in Fig. 4 (e), the slidingsurface 4n-1 that preferably lip shape sealing member 10a is slided above that, inner ring raceway 4s and inner ring installation surface 4n-2 mounted thereto heat-treat and ground finish.In this case, the quenching through electromagnetic induction and and temper, can put on via the stepped portion 12b of inner ring raceway 4s and external peripheral surface 4m from slidingsurface 4n-1 to zone that inner ring 16 installation surface 4n-2 extend.

Here; In passing through the heat process of electromagnetic induction; For example; Be arranged under the state in the coil at completed workpiece (lining main body 12), when making the high-frequency currents flowing through coil produce high frequency magnetic flow, so this completed workpiece (lining main body 12) can be heated by induction effect to center on coil.When doing like this, quenched through cooling system conditioner (for example, water) by the part of so heating, thereby quench.Afterwards, should completed workpiece (lining main body 12) heating and with after cooling, thereby carry out tempering.

In quenching that utilizes electromagnetic induction and temper, completed workpiece (the lining main body 12) hardening of can quenching equably.Specifically, in the lining main body 12 (Fig. 3 (a)) of the drive wheels that is used for constituting by hollow steel billet (not shown), because the thickness difference between the each several part of lining main body 12 becomes less relatively, so the heat absorption capacity of each several part constant (constant).Therefore, the degree of depth that the quenching hardening obtains is stable, thereby, make it possible to guarantee the uniform strength on whole lining main body 12.

In addition, as first embodiment, be used for the material of cold forging outer ring 2 and lining main body 12, except the billet material of processing by physical construction carbon steel, for example can also be with tubing or sheet material.

In addition; Though in this embodiment; Hardness about the zone on the lining main body 12 between clamping region 12c and the mounting flange 12a (comprising its root) is not mentioned anything; But therefore the difference of hardness that after clamping, between these two parts, need not keep HV50 to 100, can adopt any hardness for relevant zone.For example, can adopt the difference of hardness that is equal to or less than this difference of hardness, perhaps difference of hardness is zero.

In addition, though in this embodiment, consider third generation bearing unit, the invention is not restricted to this, therefore, for example, the present invention can be applied to the bearing unit in 2.5 generations shown in Fig. 5 (a) and 5 (b).Fig. 5 (a) illustrates the bearing unit that is used for drive wheels, and Fig. 5 (b) illustrates the bearing unit that is used for driven wheel.In this case, though the 2.5th generation bearing unit be configured to identically basically with third generation bearing unit recited above, double inner ring 16 is installed on the lining main body 12.In this case, be located on the inner ring 164 at wheel side place, can double inner ring 16 be locked on the lining main body 12 with good performance through plastic deformation clamping region 12c and with this clamping region 12c clamping (one-tenth closed contact).

(the 3rd embodiment)

Below, will be with reference to the bearing unit of figure 6 to Fig. 9 descriptions according to third embodiment of the invention.This embodiment is intended to through manufacturing approach of the present invention, makes lining main body (these another raceway rings parts) 113a of the wheel support unit be configured for aforementioned driven wheel shown in Figure 9.In addition, though Fig. 8 illustrates the state that carries out lateral compression processing, in Fig. 8, right half part is illustrated in the state of the first being processed that will begin in a minute, and left-half is illustrated in the state of just accomplishing after processing.

In order to make lining main body 113a, at first, the cylindrical material 150 shown in Fig. 6 (a) is carried out the extruding forward of F/s, so that obtain stair-stepping first intermediate materials 131 shown in Fig. 6 (b) with the manufacturing approach of this embodiment.Its extruding forward for one of cold plasticity manufacturing process is accomplished through with punch die material 150 being advanced to receive in the moulds, the inner periphery structure that this reception mould has the exterior circumferential configuration with first intermediate materials 131 to be complementary.This pushes forward also and can accomplish through the conventional method of in the metal work field, being known.In addition; When the external diameter of the small diameter cylinders shape part 132 of first intermediate materials 131 very big with the ratio of the external diameter of axis of great circle part 133; Or the leaning angle of these two cylindrical parts 132, the sloping portion between 133 134 utilizes the floating die assembly that moves with material 150 in the axial direction when very steep.That is, when keeping the external peripheral surface of material 150, this material 150 advanced receive moulds with the mould that floats (with the mode of expanded outer diameter not).Owing to utilize the extrusion process forward of floating die assembly at length to be disclosed among the Japanese patent application No.2005-354469, and this processing is uncorrelated with main points of the present invention, therefore will save its diagram and detailed description here.

First intermediate materials 131 is carried out the extruding forward of subordinate phase, so that make material 131 become second intermediate materials shown in Fig. 6 (c).The extruding forward of this subordinate phase is carried out to be similar to the mode of extruding forward of carrying out F/s basically.Much less, accept mould and have different inner periphery structures, the exterior circumferential configuration of this inner periphery structure and second intermediate materials is complementary.In addition, use floating die assembly as required.

Secondly; Second intermediate materials 135 is used to form stepped portion forms processing with the ladder of inner ring raceway 116a (with reference to Figure 19) that axial outside angular type is provided and process, so that make this second intermediate materials 135 become the 3rd intermediate materials 136 shown in Fig. 6 (d) with upsetting.Material 125a shown in the right half part of Figure 21 that this 3rd intermediate materials 136 and front are described is corresponding.In order to obtain ladder formation processing and the upsetting processing that the 3rd intermediate materials 136 is carried out from second intermediate materials 135; Be second intermediate materials of accepting between mould and this punch die through being compressed on, keep the outer cylinder surface of second intermediate materials 136 to carry out with punch die simultaneously.Because this ladder forms processing and upsetting handling ease by metal working engineering Shi Jinhang, and uncorrelated with main points of the present invention, so will save its diagram and detailed description here.

When obtaining the 3rd intermediate materials 136, the 3rd intermediate materials 136 is used as " material " of the present invention.Then, the 3rd intermediate materials 136 (this material) is carried out the processing that inner ring raceway 116a was processed and be used to form to lateral compression, so that obtain the lining main body 113a shown in Fig. 6 (e).This lateral compression processing is carried out through the foregoing method of in patent documentation 3, describing basically.Promptly; As from shown in Fig. 8 " right half part " to " left-half "; The mode of (causing so-called flowing) is maintained in the state among upper trimming die 126b and the following punch die 127a at this material 136 so that metallic material is radially outward escaped; Axially suppress the 3rd intermediate materials 136 with punch die 137, thereby form mounting flange 115.Yet; The part of the inner periphery structure (the inner periphery structure that is different from the situation of the invention described in the patent documentation 1) through design upper trimming die 126, the surface layer part of the proximal part of the mounting flange 115 on lining main body 113a becomes enough firmly through work hardening.The structure of Fabricating machinery will at first be described hereinafter.

Upper trimming die 126b be supported on via elastic structure 139 such as rubber, spring, hydraulic actuating cylinder and cylinder the tup that is fixed in punching machine upper plate 138 below, and punch die 137 is fixed in the lower surface of upper plate 138.In addition, following punch die 127a is fixed on the lower plate 140, and this lower plate 140 is fixed on the pedestal of punching machine.So, in the state that the upper surface of the lower surface of upper trimming die 126b and following punch die 127a adjoins each other, make to have and the flange formation space 141 of the inner surface structure that the outer surface structure of mounting flange 115 is complementary is formed between this upper and lower surfaces.Promptly; The following cavity 142 that has corresponding to the structure of axial inside half part of this mounting flange 115 is formed on down on the upper surface of punch die 127a, and have corresponding to this mounting flange 115 axially outwards half partly the last cavity 143 of structure be formed on the lower surface of upper trimming die 126b.So; Be arranged in more near the part on the upper surface of the following punch die 127a of its outside diameter and the state that is positioned at more near the mutual adjacency of the last branch of lower surface of the upper trimming die 126b of its outside diameter; Form flange and form space 141, wherein make the phase place of two cavitys 142,143 be fitted to each other.

Specifically; Under the situation of used in this embodiment manufacturing equipment; Through the inner circumferential surface of upper trimming die 126b, large diameter cylinder type surface portion 144, stepped portion 145 and small diameter cylinders shape surface portion 146 are formed on a part that is arranged on the cavity 143.Promptly; Large diameter cylinder type surface portion 144 is arranged on just in the position on last cavity 143; Stepped portion 145 is formed on just in the position on large diameter cylinder type surface portion 144, and small diameter cylinders shape surface portion 146 is formed on just in the position on stepped portion 145.In addition, the internal diameter R of large diameter cylinder type surface portion 144 ₁₄₄D outer diameter greater than the first half of the 3rd intermediate materials 136 with maximum outside diameter ₁₃₆, it constitutes this material (R ₁₄₄＞D ₁₃₆).In addition, the internal diameter R of small diameter cylinders shape surface portion 146 ₁₄₆Be equal to or slightly greater than the D outer diameter of the first half ₁₃₆(R ₁₄₆>=D ₁₃₆).And; Stepped portion 145 forms the bevelled stepped portion; Or with when it from small diameter cylinders shape surface portion 146 when large diameter cylinder type surface portion 144 extends; This internal diameter has the combination arc section with the mode that increases gradually, so that between cylindrical surface part 144 and 146, realize continuity smoothly.By this way, stepped portion 145 become level and smooth reason be to make the structure of stepped portion on the external peripheral surface of the cylindrical part 148 of the location relevant be with stepped portion 145 form level and smooth.

To carry out following operation subsequently, wherein, the 3rd intermediate materials 136 plastically is out of shape, and with formation mounting flange 115, and forms the lining main body 113a shown in Fig. 6 (e) (or having the 4th intermediate materials near the structure of lining main body 113a) then.At first,, in the state that tup rises, the first half (the latter half) of the 3rd intermediate materials 136 is inserted into down in the centre hole among the punch die 127a, at upper trimming die 126b and following punch die 127a so that it is arranged on down among the punch die 127a.Then, upper trimming die 126b and following punch die 127a descend with tup, so that shown in the right half part of Fig. 8, the 3rd intermediate materials 136 are remained on upper trimming die 126b and following punch die 127a inside.From this state, punch die 137 descends with tup, and makes the metallic material that constitutes the 3rd intermediate materials 136 flow to flange to form in the space 141, so that form mounting flange 115, on the proximal end face of the 3rd intermediate materials 136, form cavity 147 simultaneously.In addition, make the peripheral part of this cavity 147 constitute the cylindrical part 148 of location, the centre hole in the brake disc of plate disc brake is formed on the cylindrical part 148 of this location, and it is mounted thereto to be used for the wheel of bearing wheed when using.

Thus; As shown in Figure 9; The cylindrical part 148 of the location of lining main body 113a forms hierarchic structure, the small diameter portion 148a that wherein is positioned at shaft end side be positioned at the mounting flange side so that the major diameter part 148c of continuity mounting flange 115 is connected through stepped portion 148b each other continuously.

By this way; Form in lining main body 113a (or the 4th intermediate materials) processing of plastic deformation simultaneously at the 3rd intermediate materials 136, the part that constitutes the metallic material of the 3rd intermediate materials 136 moves to large diameter cylinder type surface portion 144 from small diameter cylinders shape surface portion 146.In this moving process, through stepped portion 145 expanded outer diameter, and the processed sclerosis of surface layer part at least.Subsequently, the work hardening part sequentially gets into flange and forms space 141.When it gets into 141 inside, flange formation space, the also processed sclerosis of this part of metallic material.Therefore; When it from small diameter cylinders shape surface portion 146 when large diameter cylinder type surface portion 144 moves; And when it gets into flange formation space 141, get into flange and form space 141 to form the metallic material secondary plastic deformation of mounting flange 115, with processed sclerosis.Then; The part (part of the shaping among Fig. 6 (e) and Fig. 7) of having carried out the secondary processing sclerosis resides in the part of the base portion that constitutes mounting flange 115; That is the external peripheral surface of the cylindrical part 148 of the radially inner part on the axial external surface of mounting flange 115, location and be connected in these surperficial sweeps continuously.In other words, the surface layer part of basal at least this part is made up of the part of carrying out the secondary processing sclerosis.

Therefore, even if, also can guarantee the intensity of needs, and also can obtain aforesaid advantage in that the cylindrical part 148 of location and the gauge of mounting flange part 115 are being suppressed under the undersized situation.Just, make high strength (in light weight and guarantee needed intensity) lining main body 113a, guarantee that simultaneously mounting flange 115 can be through lateral compression and the function and the advantage that easily form.In addition; When carrying out lateral compression with mode shown in top; In the middle of the shaping processing of basis through this part of the metallic material of stepped portion 145, shaping load is increased to this degree (work hardening partly is urged into flange and forms the degree in the space 141) that in the part of the 3rd intermediate materials 136, produces work hardening layer that is added to.Yet owing to work hardening layer partly exists, and the thickness of work hardening layer is restricted, and can suppress the increase of shaping load a little.Just; When the 3rd material 136 plastic deformation become lining main body 113a shown in Fig. 6 (e); Though need make the 3rd intermediate materials 136 produce flows radially outward; Simultaneously crooked this work hardening layer, but only need be at crooked this material and the recruitment that produces needed shaping load when flowing be very little.Therefore, can with put on such as upper trimming die 126b, down the increase of the load of the corresponding mould of punch die 127a is suppressed to very little level, thereby, can less reduce life-span of mould.

To take out from lateral compression mould shown in Figure 8 with the lining main body 113a (or having the 4th intermediate materials) that top said mode obtains near the structure of lining main body 113a; Transferring to the step of back, and then with miscellaneous part combination (after as required it being carried out) such as grinding and hot-cured fine limit work so that manufacture the wheel support bushing unit 105a shown in Figure 19 that the front has been described.In addition; Through after raise with tup upper trimming die 126b and punch die 137; Rising is arranged on down the ejection pin 149 among the punch die 127a, and the centre hole from following punch die 127a is released lining main body 113a is taken out in completion from the lateral compression mould operation with lining main body 113a.

(the 4th embodiment)

Below with reference to Figure 10 the bearing unit according to fourth aspect present invention is described.As foregoing Fig. 6, Figure 10 illustrates and is used for through cylindrical material 150 plastic deformation are made the manufacturing approach of lining main body 113a (or having the 4th intermediate materials near the structure of lining main body 113a) so that produce forming step.Structure shown in this Fig is identical with structure and structure shown in Figure 6 with structure.Yet, under the situation of this embodiment, will have maximum outside diameter and will form the D outer diameter of the first half of the 3rd intermediate materials 136a shown in Figure 10 (d) of cylindrical part 148 of location _136aMake D outer diameter greater than the 3rd embodiment ₁₃₆(D _136a＞D ₁₃₆).Specifically, the D outer diameter 136a of the first half makes the internal diameter R greater than the smaller diameter side cylindrical surface part 146 on the inside face of the upper trimming die 126b that constitutes manufacturing equipment ₁₄₆, but less than the internal diameter R of the larger diameter side cylindrical surface part 144 on the identical inside face on the identical upper trimming die ₁₄₄(with reference to figure 3 to Fig. 4) (R ₁₄₄＞D _136a＞R ₁₄₆).

When carrying out lateral compression so that the 3rd intermediate materials 136a recited above is formed lining main body 113a (or the 4th intermediate materials), the upper part of the 3rd intermediate materials 136a is press fit in the smaller diameter side cylindrical surface part 146 of upper trimming die 126b (with reference to figure 8 to Fig. 9).This press-fit operation is to be inserted into down among the punch die 127a (with reference to figure 8) and to reduce this upper trimming die 126b subsequently and accomplish through the latter half with the 136a of the 3rd intermediate materials.Therefore; Under the situation of this embodiment, in the state shown in the right half part of Fig. 8, the upper part of managing the 3rd intermediate materials 136a everywhere in the smaller diameter side cylindrical surface portion 146 of upper trimming die 126b; Thereby work hardening layer is formed on the surface layer part of this upper part.

Under the situation of this embodiment; Owing to be similar to the processing of the 3rd embodiment recited above from this state; So produce a kind of state; The part (part that shapes shown in Figure 10 (e)) of wherein having carried out three work hardening is present in the part of the base portion that constitutes mounting flange 115, and this mounting flange 115 is formed on the excircle of lining main body 113a.Therefore, the hardness of this part further increases, so that realize further reducing thickness and weight.Because the 26S Proteasome Structure and Function of other parts is similar to the 3rd embodiment, is removed and repeats foregoing its diagram and explanation.

In addition, in third and fourth embodiment, the volume of used cylindric or cylindrical material must be greater than the volume of completed raceway rings parts.Yet; Even if making under the situation of volume greater than the volume of raceway rings parts of material; From the degree of utilization that increases material be convenient to the back processing view and (reduce) overhours through suppressing cutting allowance; Preferably make the former volume greater than the degree of the latter's volume as far as possible little (be preferably zero, that is, the volume of material equals the volume of raceway rings).

In addition, because the character of material surface in fact occurs as the character on the surface of completed raceway rings parts, should not appear on the surface of material such as the shortcoming of oxide coating, rust staining or damage etc.On the other hand, cold plasticity is shaped (cold forging) for ease, material require annealing before carrying out Plastic Forming, and oxide coating to be formed on the surface of so annealing be inevitable.When considering these; Preferably anneal along the long part (pole stock) that obtains cylindrical material from it; From obtain its surface there be not the viewpoint of material of the good quality of oxide coating thereafter; Remove the oxide coating on the external peripheral surface that is created in this length part through polishing, barreling, shot-ball peening etc., and will grow then and partly cut into predetermined size.

Yet; Remove under the oxide coating on the excircle of long part very situation of difficult making owing to cost; Polishing is put on the external peripheral surface through the long short part that partly obtains of cutting the oxidized layer covering of its external peripheral surface, so that obtain this material.In this case, can remove oxide coating with through feeding centerless grinder through polishing.In addition, form at metallic material under the situation of cylinder form, owing to remove the oxide coating difficulty very on the internal side diameter that is formed on long part, so need be with the oxide coating on the inner periphery upper surface from partly removing through cutting short that this length part obtains.In this case, before cutting, whether anneal that all it doesn't matter.In either case, from guaranteeing the viewpoint of precision, preferably with selecting for use lathe to cut method as the long part of cutting.Yet, when after cutting, removing the operation of oxide coating,, can cut this length part with saw as long as can be normal through the surperficial character of the cutting of barreling shot-ball peening.

In addition; The present invention third and fourth embodiment not only can be applied to the lining main body of the driven wheel shown in this figure; And can; For example, lining main body or Fig. 6 of being applied to drive wheels shown in Figure 6 be to outer ring shown in Figure 8, as long as the raceway rings parts that form are to have the support unit that is formed on the sponson (flange) on the part of its external peripheral surface with the mode of radially outward stretching out.

(the 5th embodiment)

Below with reference to Figure 11 to Figure 15 the bearing unit according to fifth aspect present invention is described.Shown in figure 11; The bearing unit of this embodiment by the lining that constitutes swivel eye (also being referred to as another raceway rings) 201, constitute stationary ring outer ring (also being referred to as a raceway rings) but 204, be installed in a plurality of rolling elements (ball) B1 between lining 201 and the outer ring 204 via retainer C with roll mode ..., B2 ..., and the in-to-in sealing member S1 that is sealed in the bearing unit between lining 201 and the outer ring 204 in the outside form.Lubricant (for example grease) according to preventing to be sealed in the bearing leaks into the bearing outside, or the in-to-in engineering factor of foreign matter (for example water, dust) entering bearing, suitably selects the hermetically-sealed construction that is used for sealing member S1 of form known.

In addition; In this embodiment; Constitute stationary rings though this embodiment is described as wherein outer ring 204, and lining 201 constitutes swivel eyes, make the outer ring constitute swivel eye and still belong in the scope of the present invention under the situation of lining formation stationary ring at this embodiment.

Lining 201 is made up of lining main body 202 and the inner ring that is provided with the mode that is installed on this lining main body 202 (also being referred to as inner ring separately) 203.

Lining main body 202 is made up of mounting flange 202c, inner ring raceway (first inner ring raceway) 202s and the stepped portion 202e of solid cylindrical shaft portion 202a, four coplanes (observe from the front basically can rectangle); This mounting flange 202c is arranged to from the outside OB of this shaft portion 202a; Stretch out with right angle and the mode that axially intersects via the unlifted wall 202b that is arranged to upright vertically annular; This inner ring raceway (first inner ring raceway) 202s is set in place circlewise on the excircle near unlifted wall 202b more; This stepped portion 202e is through reducing predetermined outer circumferential area on inboard IB, be lower than raceway face 202s and predetermined ladder of outer circumferential area above that is set and is provided with.

Brake component (brake rotors) BR and wheel (wheel) H are installed on the mounting flange 202c via bolt (column bolt) 202g.

In addition; Cylindrical part (guide rod part) 202h of the location of location wheel; Use diameter greater than shaft portion 202a; With the mode of coaxially stretching out with shaft portion 202a, be arranged on the lining main body 202 on the outside OB that crosses over mounting flange 202c, or cross mounting flange 202c and shaft portion 202a opposite side.

In this embodiment; Though the excircle 202k of the cylindrical part 202h that locatees is made straight plane in the axial direction; Yet, can adopt the form that excircle is constituted the hierarchic structure that partly constitutes by minor diameter excircle part and major diameter excircle according to the order of the OB from the outside.

In this embodiment; The mode of mounting flange 202c radially to extend around central axis G1 as the shaft portion 202a at center; Be arranged in its position, and will comprise that bolt hole (bolt mounting holes) 202n of the bolt 202g that SR stretches out from wheel installation side surface is arranged on the preposition on each mounting flange 202c with the interval setting of 90 degree.In this embodiment, bolt hole is separately positioned in the preposition on the mounting flange 202c, just, is on the same circumference at center at the central axis G1 with shaft portion 202a.

Mounting flange 202c comprises sponson 230, and wherein with the neighboring area of bolt 202g from the bolt hole 202n that wherein stretches out, that is, its diameter is made towards wheel installation surface side SR and stretched out into cylinder form greater than the neighboring area of the diameter of bolt.

In addition; The top surface of the sponson 230 that is provided with the mode of stretching out towards wheel installation surface side SR; That is, the neighboring area of bolt hole 202n constitutes the mounting face section 240 that wheel-side member is adjacent, and when with fastening this wheel-side member of bolt 202g; For the neighboring area of this wheel side and bolt hole 202n (mounting face section 240) adjacency is installed.

Therefore; According to this embodiment; The wheel installation surface of the mounting flange 202c that wheel-side member (being brake rotors BR in this embodiment) is adjacent is not the whole zone of the wheel installation side SR of mounting flange 202c, and only is the neighboring area (mounting face section 240) of the bolt hole 202n of sponson 230.

Should be pointed out that sponson 230 stretch out height can be so that stretch out from wheel installation side SR rather than from sponson 230, and can change within the scope of the invention about its structure.

In addition; Not that the shape of stretching out with sponson is construed to the cylinder form that is restricted to as among the embodiment, and can change within the scope of the invention, so that can form it into about its structure; For example, cylinder form of elliptical shape, angle etc.Be arranged on mounting face section 240 on the sponson 230 with good planeness fine limit work precision by fine limit work, to guarantee the precision of beating.

In addition, in this embodiment, bolt mounting face section 202d with recessed mode be arranged on wheel installation surface SR facing surfaces (non-wheel installation side surface ST) on so that the head 202gt of bolt 202g is contained in wherein.Should be pointed out that the structure about the degree of depth of recessed bolt mounting face section 202d can change in the scope of this embodiment.

When the inner ring that separates 203 is engaged on the lining main body 202 and form the hollow cylinder shape that comprises raceway face (second inner ring raceway) 203s; The internal diameter of the inner ring 203 that should separate allows it to be engaged in stepped portion 202e; The inboard IB place of this stepped portion 202e on the excircle of the shaft portion 202a of lining main body 202 is recessed; And its external diameter allows it to be positioned on the plane identical with the excircle of lining main body 202, and this raceway face (second inner ring raceway) 203s is to be arranged on this excircle in the mode of closing on the first inner ring raceway 202s on the same level at lining main body 202 side places circlewise.In addition, the medial extremity part 203a of the inner ring 203 that separates has predetermined axial width, and forms the diameter greater than the outer circumferential area that comprises the second raceway face 203s.

In addition, through when the medial extremity part 203a of lining main body 202 swing and the plastic deformation when clamped, the axial end 203b at the inboard IB place of the inner ring that separates 203 clamps and fixes the axial end 203b of the medial extremity part 203a of this inner ring that separates 203.

Shown in figure 11, outer ring 204 forms the hollow cylinder shape, and it has the shaft length identical with the shaft portion 202a of lining 201, and is provided with the excircle mode that covers this shaft portion 202a.

Diameter with shaft portion 202a; The internal diameter of outer ring 204 forms bigger diameter; So that form the predetermined space in bearing at the external diameter of shaft portion 202a and between himself; And two cup raceways, i.e. the first cup raceway 204s and the second cup raceway 204s are formed on its internal diameter with predetermined interval (with the first inner ring raceway 202s and the corresponding interval, interval of the second inner ring raceway 202s that are arranged on lining 201 sides) circlewise.

In addition, outer ring 204 side flanges (mounting flange) 204c is arranged on the external diameter of outer ring 204 with the mode of stretching out from it, and unshowned bolt is fixed in auto body (for example, unshowned suspension system) side through it, thereby vehicle body is fixed in outer ring 204.

In this embodiment; Outer ring 204 side flange 204c are arranged in such position; This position is to be arranged on around the radially-protruding mode of central axis G2 as the outer ring 204 of line of centers in the position at the interval that is located at 90 degree; And making unshowned bolt be separately positioned on the preposition of flange 204c from its bolt hole 204n that stretches out, just, is on the same circumference at center at the central axis G2 with outer ring 204.

Mounting flange 204c comprises sponson 230, wherein bolt 202g is made from vehicle body installation side surface SU from the neighboring area of its bolt hole 204b that stretches out and stretches out and be columniform shape.

In addition, the sponson 230 that the mode of stretching out with the SU from vehicle body installation side surface is provided with constitutes the mounting face section 240 that body side are adjacent, and when for installation during the bolt up body side, the peripheral adjacent of this body side and bolt hole 204n.

Therefore, according to this embodiment, the vehicle body installation surface that vehicle body (for example suspension system) is adjacent is not the whole zone of the vehicle body installation side surface SU of flange 204c, and only is the neighboring area (mounting face section 240) of the bolt hole 204n of sponson 230.

Should be pointed out that can be so that the stretching out highly for stretching out from vehicle body installation side surface SU rather than sponson 230 of sponson 230, and can change within the scope of the invention about its structure.

In addition; Not that the shape of stretching out with sponson 230 is construed to the cylinder form that is limited among the embodiment, and can change within the scope of the invention, so that can form it into about its structure; For example, cylinder form of elliptical shape, angle etc.Be arranged on mounting face section 240 on the sponson 230 with good planeness fine limit work precision by fine limit work, to guarantee the precision of beating.

In addition, in this embodiment, bolt mounting face section 202d with recessed mode be arranged on vehicle body installation side surface SU facing surfaces (non-vehicle body installation side surface SW) on so that the head of bolt is contained in wherein.Should be pointed out that the structure about the degree of depth of recessed bolt mounting face section 204d can change in the scope of this embodiment.

Independently stretch out flange though respectively the flange 204c of the mounting flange 202c of lining main body 202 and outer ring 204 is made four; But the number of the flange on lining main body 202 and outer ring 204 can increase or reduce within the scope of the invention as required, and the shape of stretching out and stretch out highly also and can arbitrarily change.In this embodiment; In corresponding flange 202c, 204c; Though contiguous flange except its proximal lateral be separated from each other with independently, can adopt contiguous flange form connected to one another in a circumferential direction, and this form belongs in the scope of the present invention.

Here, form through cold forging and be separately positioned on the mounting flange 202c of lining main body 202 and the flange of outer ring 204 divides the sponson 230 on the 204c.

Hereinafter, will be with forming step, particularly, the sponson 230 on the mounting flange 202c of lining main body is an example, describes the method for the lining main body 202 of the bearing unit of making present embodiment.

In addition, though in this embodiment, lining main body 202 is used as the example of description, the formation step of the sponson 230 on the flange 204c that can adopt similar step to be used as to be formed on outer ring 204.

Figure 12 illustrates the example of the mould that is used to form the sponson 230 on the mounting flange 202c of lining main body 202, and this lining main body 202 constitutes the lining 201 of the bearing unit of this embodiment.Figure 13 illustrates the scheme drawing that sponson forms the example (step example 1) of step, and Figure 14 illustrates the scheme drawing that sponson forms another example (step example 2) of step, and Figure 15 is the cutaway view of amplification that the main portion of Figure 11 is shown.

At first, through, for example, cold forging forward, cold bend(ing) and side direction cold-stamped step are from the integrated intermediate materials CS of cylindrical part 202h of solid bar material formation shaft portion 202a, mounting flange 202c and location.Should be pointed out that the manufacturing step that does not have this intermediate materials CS is interpreted as is limited in concrete manufacturing step, and, owing to can adopt the manufacturing approach that can imagine in known cold forging step or the scope of the present invention, therefore will save its detailed description here.

Below, with the example of casehistory sponson formation step.At first, step example 1 will be described.

Shown in figure 13, in step example 1, according to the process formation and the completion sponson 230 of cold half die cut step and cold upsetting step.

Shown in figure 12, mould used in this step is by punch die SK and upper trimming die UK constitute down.The flange 202c that Figure 12 illustrates intermediate materials CS is formed on the state on the wheel installation surface side SR by semi-stamping and sponson 230.

Following punch die SK comprises the cylindrical maintenance space A1 of the shaft portion 202a that is used to keep intermediate materials CS within it; And it is a plurality of maintenances space A2 of rectangle during from top view; These a plurality of maintenances space A2 is communicated with keeping space A1; And keep flange 202c respectively independently, and comprise a plurality of low punch P that stretch out towards the inside that keeps space A2 with predetermined altitude zone (height area) respectively.

Upper trimming die UK is included in and the low punch P same phase place of following punch die SK and a plurality of cylindrical hole A3 that are provided with the mode of on short transverse, stretching out, so that sponson 230 is arranged to stretch out.

(half die cut step)

Figure 13 (a) and 13 (b) illustrate intermediate materials, and this intermediate materials CS is placed among the following punch die SK shown in Figure 12.When doing like this, the non-wheel installation surface side ST of the flange 202c of intermediate materials CS is placed in down respectively on the upper surface P1 of punch die P.So when punching machine descends so that upper trimming die UK is dropped to this state, the installation surface side SR that upper trimming die UK is pressed on the flange 202c of intermediate materials CS goes up (states shown in Figure 12 and Figure 13 (c) and 13 (d)).

Thus; Shown in Figure 12 and Figure 13 (c) and 13 (d); Half die cut occurs between the hole A3 and low punch P that is arranged among the upper trimming die UK; And the structure of A3 is released wheel installation surface side with the material of flange 2c along the hole, thereby before upsetting, forms sponson (stretching out the zone) 230.

Then, in this case, the hole A3 that is arranged among the upper trimming die UK preferably is in relation of plane (with reference to Figure 15) down.The diameter that makes hole A3 is Φ D1, and the external diameter of low punch P is Φ D2, and should hole A3 be adjusted to so that set up such relation: Φ D1≤Φ D2.Be at hole A3 under the situation of relation of Φ D1＞Φ D2, be not half die cut but full punching press result, and therefore, half die cut step need stop therebetween, and the possibility of flaw (crackle) takes place to produce.Just, owing to have above-mentioned relation, can prevent full punching press, and half die cut that does not need to want stops therebetween, thereby can prevent stretching out of this flaw (crackle).

In addition, the upper surface of low punch P forms curved surface (therefore, the diameter of phi D2 of low punch P becomes the result who the R ' s at upper end-face edge P1 place is increased to the diameter of phi D3 of plane surface P10) along upper end-face edge.In addition, in this embodiment, for example,, make the diameter of the head 202gt that is equal to or greater than bolt 202g with the diameter of the plane surface P10 of the curved surface R that does not comprise upper end-face edge P1.

In addition; Formed under the too big situation before upsetting at sponson 230a; Owing to after upsetting, become and be difficult to suitably obtain planeness fine limit work precision, preferably with the diameter of plane surface P10 make 1.5 times of diameter of head 202gt of bolt 202g or below.

(upsetting step)

Shown in Figure 13 (e) and 13 (f), after accomplishing half die cut step, carry out sponson (the stretching out the zone) 230a that does not carry out upsetting as yet that upsetting obtains in this half die cut step from above with predetermined upsetting punch die (punch die) K1.

Through after half die cut step, carrying out the upsetting step, obtain its top surface with the accurately machined sponson 230 of good planeness precision.In addition, much less, the height T32 that stretches out of sponson 230 becomes and stretches out height T31 (T31＞T32) less than the sponson 230a before upsetting after the upsetting.

In this embodiment; Because after half die cut step; Form mounting face section 240 through its plane of fine limit work when carrying out upsetting; The mounting face section 240 of sponson 230 with high straightness precision fine limit work, thereby can be saved the independent fine limit work step such as cutting.Therefore, owing to can save the expensive cutting step of conventionally mounting face section being carried out, therefore can reduce manufacturing cost widely.Though can come the whole zone of fine limit work wheel installation surface side with good planeness precision through it being carried out cold upsetting; And do not adopt the step (half die cut step and upsetting step) of present embodiment; Have only sponson 230 as this embodiment by the situation of cold upsetting under, can make the zone of upsetting very little.Therefore, carry out cold upsetting with whole zone and compare, can enough less relatively load come fine limit work sponson 230 with good precision.

In addition; According to this embodiment; Because half die cut and the upsetting step of necessary bolt mounting face section 202d and sponson 230 form simultaneously on non-wheel installation surface side ST, so this bolt mounting face section 202d can form with good precision with the periphery 202k of sponson 230 and the cylindrical part 202h that locatees.Therefore, can also save cutting, thereby make it possible to realize further reduce manufacturing cost non-wheel installation surface side ST.

In addition, though saved concrete casehistory, after it was carried out the pre-arranged procedure, retaining hole 202n was arranged in the sponson 230 that has formed through above-mentioned steps with the mode that connects it.When bolt hole 202n is set by this way, can the relation between Φ D1 and the Φ D2 be made such relation: Φ D1+ (0.02 to 0.13) T (thickness of flange)=Φ D2.

Below, will step example 2 be described with reference to Figure 14.

This step example is the example that carries out the upsetting step and the ironed step of the excircle of the cylindrical part that is used for the fine limit work location simultaneously.Should be understood that; Though in this step example; Carry out upsetting step and ironed step simultaneously, but " simultaneously " is not meant the moment identical time of ground here, and is meant that these two steps are delays of in manufacturing process, carrying out and between it, comprise moment.

In the cutting step of the routine of installation surface side, except mounting face section, the part of location also is cut with by fine limit work.Just; Under the situation of the planeness precision of the precision (diameter dimension, circularity, perpendicularity etc.) that can guarantee localization part through the fine limit work that is different from cutting and mounting face section; Can fully save the cutting step that is used for the installation surface side, thereby make it possible to reduce widely manufacturing cost.Step example 2 proposes in view of this viewpoint.

Should be pointed out that half die cut step in the example of half die cut step and front describing 1 is identical, saving here that it describes will.

In this step example, use to have to be used for after half die cut step upsetting as yet not by upsetting punch die (punch die) K1 of the zone of the sponson 230 of upsetting (punch die lower surface area) and the ironed instrument K2 (with reference to Figure 14 (e) and 14 (f)) in whole zone of excircle K of cylindrical part 202h that is used for the location of ironed ladder form.

Make the external diameter of excircle 202k of the cylindrical part 202h of location be Φ D41 (Figure 14 (c) and 14 (d)) before ironed; And the 202k of the excircle of the cylindrical part 202h of this location after ironed step forms the structure that is made up of small diameter portion 250 and major diameter part 260 of the order setting think the OB from the outside, and the external diameter that makes appropriate section is Φ D43 (external diameter of small diameter portion) and Φ D42 (external diameter of major diameter part 260).That is, Φ D41＞Φ D42, Φ D42＞Φ D43.

Therefore; According to this step example; Because the 202k of the excircle of the cylindrical part 202h of location can be by ironed; So that with predetermined upsetting punch die K1 and ironed instrument K2 upsetting sponson 230 so that obtain predetermined structure and precision in its shaping, in mounting face section 240 with good this sponson 230 of planeness precision fine limit work, can be with the 202k of the excircle of the cylindrical part 202h of good precision fine limit work location.In addition, according to the step example, can also guarantee perpendicularity with installation surface.Therefore, can save the cutting step of the wheel installation surface SR that is used for flange 202c fully, thereby make it possible to reduce widely manufacturing cost.

Should be pointed out that the function and the advantage of the forming step of the sponson 230 through half die cut step and upsetting step, the function and the advantage of the step example of describing with the front 1 are identical, will save its description here.

In addition, also can save upsetting step (when having only the step of accomplishing shown in Figure 12 and Figure 13 (c) and 13 (d), accomplishing this manufacturing process) in manufacturing step.In addition, therefore identical in half die cut step and the step example 1 save its description here.

Just; In this embodiment; Because sponson 230 is arranged on the wheel installation surface side of flange 202c with the mode of stretching out from it; And the sponson 230 that will so stretch out plays the effect of wheel mounting face section mounted thereto 240; Even if adopting cutting to replace under the situation of upsetting step,, accurately machined surface only be the top surface that act as the sponson 230 of its mounting face section 240 as the fine limit work of the planeness precision that half die cut after, is used to obtain mounting face section 240.

Therefore, can reduce to be cut with by accurately machined surf zone widely, thereby make it possible to realize reducing manufacturing cost.

Should be pointed out that to the invention is not restricted to the embodiment that the front has been described, but can make amendment as required.The present invention can implement and not depart from the scope of the present invention through making up each embodiment.

The bearing unit of each embodiment not only can be applied to be installed in the driven wheel of automobile or the bearing unit in the drive wheels, and can be applied to comprise the bearing unit of various types of vehicles of guideway vehicle.In addition; Though the bearing unit of each embodiment is to be classified into the so-called third generation (being referred to as HUBIII); Be that its flange is separately positioned on the type on raceway rings parts and another raceway rings parts, but the bearing unit of each embodiment also can use respectively the type (second generation) on the excircle that the double angled ball bearing of main shaft of the outside on the excircle of the bearing unit of the third generation that is different from this each embodiment, outer ring that its flange is arranged on back-to-back duplex bearing is installed in lining bearing or shown in Figure 5 the 2.5th generation bearing.And, though in this embodiment, ball is described as the effect of playing rolling element, also can use roller without departing from the scope of the invention.

The Japanese patent application No.2006-214774 that present patent application was submitted to based on August 7th, 2006; The Japanese patent application No.2006-224553 that on August 21st, 2006 submitted to; The Japanese patent application No.2006-224554 that on August 21st, 2006 submitted to; The Japanese patent application No.2006-226849 that submitted on August 23rd, 2006, and its content is incorporated into, and this is for reference.

Claims (8)

1. bearing unit, it comprises:

A raceway rings, it is installed on the vehicle body;

Another raceway rings, it is arranged to towards a said raceway rings and is installed on the wheel; And

A plurality of rolling elements, it rollably is arranged between the lip-deep in opposite directions raceway face that is respectively formed at two said raceway rings, wherein

In the said raceway rings any one has and is used to be installed in the flange on vehicle body or the wheel at least, wherein

Cold forging through ledge surface not being applied cutting integrally forms said raceway rings;

Material is applied lateral compression and integrally form said flange through closed cold forging, to form star shape; Simultaneously at least said raceway face is carried out quenching and temper and ground finish through electromagnetic induction, and

Wherein, said another raceway rings has:

The raceway rings parts, its have radially-protruding said flange and

Inner ring, it is clamped at the axial end portion of said raceway rings parts, so that be locked on these raceway rings parts,

Through the material that is made up of physical construction carbon steel is carried out said cold forging, said flange and another raceway rings parts integrally form, and after forging, do not anneal, and

The hardness that is higher than the axial end portion of said another raceway rings parts before the hardness of said flange root is arranged in and clamps.

2. bearing unit as claimed in claim 1, wherein

Before the root hardness of said flange is arranged in and clamps than the high Vickers hardness HV50 of hardness of the axial end portion of said another raceway rings parts or more than.

3. according to claim 1 or claim 2 bearing unit, wherein

The axial end portion of said another raceway rings parts is passed through integrally to form along diametric(al) contraction or expansion material with said closed cold forging.

4. according to claim 1 or claim 2 bearing unit; Wherein said raceway rings parts are metallo-s; And comprise the cylindrical part of location; The cylindrical part of this location is arranged on the external peripheral surface of flange, and the part that the cylindrical part of this location is set is positioned on the axial end portion of flange, and the part that the cylindrical part of this location is set is stretched out from the axial end portion of flange in the axial direction; Wherein, the cylindrical part and the flange of said location are formed by Plastic Forming through cold forging, and

The cylindrical part of said location forms hierarchic structure, and it has:

Be located at the small diameter portion at shaft end side place;

Stepped portion; And

Be located at towards the major diameter part at flange one side place, and it is made into via stepped portion and continues.

5. bearing unit as claimed in claim 4, wherein:

A said raceway rings has double cup raceway on inner circumferential surface;

Said another raceway rings has double inner ring raceway on external peripheral surface; And

Said rolling element rollably is arranged between each row of said cup raceway and inner ring raceway.

6. raceway rings member manufacturing method that is used to make bearing unit as claimed in claim 4, wherein, said raceway rings parts are made through using the metallic material that its external peripheral surface is made cylindrical surface,

This manufacturing approach comprises:

The preparation mould, this mould comprises:

Flange radially outward recessed in the part that will form flange forms the space;

Its internal diameter is greater than the large diameter cylinder type surface portion of the external diameter of material;

Stepped portion; And

Its internal diameter is less than the small diameter cylinders shape surface portion of larger diameter side cylindrical surface part,

Wherein said large diameter cylinder type surface portion, stepped portion and small diameter cylinders shape surface portion forming in the part in space with respect to axially closing on said flange, form space one side from this flange and form about axial order ground;

At least a portion with the part of the material of the cylindrical part that constitutes said location is arranged on the inboard state of said small diameter cylinders shape surface portion, and material is put in the punch die (die); And

Form the lateral compression processing that space one side is carried out axial pressed material from this part one side of the cylindrical part that constitutes said location towards said flange, form the space so that make the part of the metallic material that constitutes this material get into said flange,

Wherein in carrying out the processing of said lateral compression,

Said material plastic deformation, so that on the part of external peripheral surface, form flange,

The part of said material is from the medial movement of the said large diameter cylinder type surface portion of interior side direction of said small diameter cylinders shape surface portion, so that expanded outer diameter, thereby makes this part work hardening of this material, and

The part of said work hardening moves to the part of the base portion that constitutes said flange, makes the part that constitutes this base portion at least be made up of the part of said work hardening.

7. the raceway rings member manufacturing method of bearing unit as claimed in claim 6, wherein,

On the inside face of mould; The internal diameter of said smaller diameter side cylindrical surface part forms the external diameter less than this part of the material of the cylindrical part that constitutes said location; The internal diameter of said larger diameter side cylindrical surface part forms the external diameter greater than this part of the cylindrical part that constitutes said location, and

At least a portion of this part of the cylindrical part that constitutes said location is press fit in the smaller diameter side cylindrical surface part, thereby said material is placed in the said mould.

8. equipment that is used to make the raceway rings parts of bearing unit as claimed in claim 4, this equipment comprises mould, wherein, the metallic material that said raceway rings parts use its external peripheral surface to be made into cylindrical surface is made,

Wherein said mould comprises:

Flange in the lip-deep part that sets within it forms the space, and it is recessed with radially outward to form said flange on the surface within it; With

Its internal diameter is greater than the large diameter cylinder type surface portion of the external diameter of said material;

Stepped portion; And

Its internal diameter is less than the small diameter cylinders shape surface portion of said larger diameter side cylindrical surface part,

Wherein, said large diameter cylinder type surface portion, stepped portion, small diameter cylinders shape surface portion forming in the part in space with respect to axially closing on said flange, form space one side from this flange and are provided with respect to axial order ground.

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