Papers by Claudio Sillero-zubiri
Journal of Zoology, 2019
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Fig. 2.—Dorsal, ventral, and lateral views of skull and lateral view of mandible of an adult (.1 ... more Fig. 2.—Dorsal, ventral, and lateral views of skull and lateral view of mandible of an adult (.1 year of age) Vulpes corsac of unknown sex collected in Ikh Nartiin Chuluu Nature Reserve, Dalanjargal soum, Dornogobi aimag (45.723uN, 108.645uE) by J. Murdoch. Maximum length of skull is 116 mm; maximum width is 67 mm. Skull deposited in the mammal collection, Natural History Museum of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia. Photograph by L. Distelhorst and J. Murdoch, National University of Mongolia, used with permission.
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The Biology and Conservation of Wild Canids, 2004
This chapter describes the Canid Action Plan, the result of deliberations of the Canid Specialist... more This chapter describes the Canid Action Plan, the result of deliberations of the Canid Specialist Group (CSG), one of more than 120 groups of specialists with a taxonomic focus on conservation under the aegis of the Species Survival Commission (SSC) of the IUCN—the World Conservation Union. The plan includes contributions from more than ninety specialists and has been reviewed by a further eighty. Two interesting topics are explored on the basis of the priorities submitted by these specialists: first, we can gain a sense of the types of knowledge that are judged still to be lacking from the canid conservationist's armory; and, second, we can learn something of the preoccupations and thought processes of the contributing specialists (and perhaps some strengths and weaknesses of the action planning process). Although some proposed projects encompass several topics and some blend into actions, most can readily be assigned to one of ten research themes; these themes are discussed.
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The Ethiopian wolf is one of many species endemic to the highlands of Ethiopia but with only abou... more The Ethiopian wolf is one of many species endemic to the highlands of Ethiopia but with only about 400 adults remaining, it is also the most endangered canid in the world. The main threats to this creature are loss of habitat to subsistence farming and livestock over-grazing, human development with all its subsidiary effects whereby human activity encroaches on the wolf's territory. Added to this, the small size of the remaining population has also brought with it problems of inbreeding, leading to a loss of genetic diversity, disease and hybridisation. In the face of this alarming situation, this action plan emphasises the necessity of leading immediate action on three fronts and provides a detailed strategy for the conservation and management of the remaining Ethiopian wolf populations.
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African Journal of Ecology, 2015
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Location of African wolf and Ethiopian wolf in respect to the buffer and core zone of the study a... more Location of African wolf and Ethiopian wolf in respect to the buffer and core zone of the study area, Guassa mountain
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Fig. 1.—Adult Vulpes corsac, Xinjiang Province of the People's Republic of China. Photograph ... more Fig. 1.—Adult Vulpes corsac, Xinjiang Province of the People's Republic of China. Photograph by X. Eichaker, used with permission.
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Impact of the number of individuals of each wolf species present on the outcome of interactions.;... more Impact of the number of individuals of each wolf species present on the outcome of interactions.;Estimates, standard errors (SE) and P-values from a linear mixed effects model with Shannon diversity index (H) as the response variable, Grids as the random effect and habitat (buffer zone or core area) as the fixed effect.;Estimates of mole rat abundance in the buffer zone
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The supplementary material contains details on the genetic analysis procedure, tables with detail... more The supplementary material contains details on the genetic analysis procedure, tables with details on genetic sequences used in the analyses, and additional phylogenies built with Neighbourhood-joining; This file contains the two unique Cytochrome b haplotypes for Himalayan wolf and the one unque haplotype for domestic dog found in Humla Nepal.; This file contains the three unique D-loop haplotypes for Himalayan wolf and the one unique haplotype for domestic dog found in Humla Nepal. It also contains two Grey wolf haplotypes found in scats from Mongolia that were in the authors collection.
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Journal of Zoology, 2021
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Wolves in the Himalayan region form a monophyletic lineage distinct from the present-day Holarcti... more Wolves in the Himalayan region form a monophyletic lineage distinct from the present-day Holarctic grey wolf <i>Canis lupus</i> spp. (Linnaeus 1758) found across Eurasia and North America. Here, we analyse phylogenetic relationships and the geographic distribution of mitochondrial DNA haplotypes of the contemporary Himalayan wolf (proposed in previous studies as <i>Canis himalayensis</i>) found in Central Asia. We combine genetic data from a living Himalayan wolf population collected in northwestern Nepal in this study with already published genetic data, and confirm the Himalayan wolf lineage based on mitochondrial genomic data (508 bp cytochrome <i>b</i> and 242 bp D-loop), and X- and Y-linked zinc-finger protein gene (ZFX and ZFY) sequences. We then compare the genetic profile of the Himalayan wolf lineage found in northwestern Nepal with canid reference sequences from around the globe with maximum likelihood and Bayesian phylogeny building methods to demonstrate that the Himalayan wolf forms a distinct monophyletic clade supported by posterior probabilities/bootstrap for D-loop of greater than 0.92/85 and cytochrome <i>b</i> greater than 0.99/93. The Himalayan wolf shows a unique Y-chromosome (ZFY) haplotype, and shares an X-chromosome haplotype (ZFX) with the newly postulated African wolf. Our results imply that the Himalayan wolf distribution range extends from the Himalayan range north across the Tibetan Plateau up to the Qinghai Lakes region in Qinghai Province in the People's Republic of China. Based on its phylogenetic distinction and its older age of divergence relative to the Holarctic grey wolf, the Himalayan wolf merits formal classification as a distinct taxon of special conservation concern.
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Hystrix-italian Journal of Mammalogy, 2018
1Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice 37005, ... more 1Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice 37005, Czech Republic 2Rangeland Sciences Department, Gansu Agricultural University, 730070, Lanzhou, China 3Department of Biology and Institute of Mountain Research & Development, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia 4Wildlife Conservation Research Unit, Zoology, University of Oxford, The Recanati-Kaplan Centre, Tubney house, Tubney OX13 5QL, UK
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African wolves (AWs) are sympatric with endangered Ethiopian wolves (EWs) in parts of their range... more African wolves (AWs) are sympatric with endangered Ethiopian wolves (EWs) in parts of their range. Scat analyses have suggested a dietary overlap between AWs and EWs, raising the potential for exploitative competition, and a possible conservation threat to EWs. However, in contrast to that of the well-studied EW, the foraging ecology of AWs remains poorly characterized. Accordingly, we studied the foraging ecology of radio-collared AWs (<i>n</i> = 11 individuals) at two localities with varying levels of anthropogenic disturbance in the Ethiopian Highlands, the Guassa-Menz Community Conservation Area (GMCCA) and Borena-Saynt National Park (BSNP), accumulating 845 h of focal observation across 2856 feeding events. We also monitored rodent abundance and rodent trapping activity by local farmers who experience conflict with AWs. The AW diet consisted largely of rodents (22.0%), insects (24.8%), and goats and sheep (24.3%). Of the total rodents captured by farmers using local traps during peak barley production (July to November) in GMCCA, averaging 24.7 ± 8.5 rodents /hectare/day, 81% (<i>N</i> = 3009) were scavenged by AWs. Further, of all the rodents consumed by AWs, most (74%) were carcasses. These results reveal complex interactions between AWs and local farmers, and highlight the scavenging niche occupied by AWs in anthropogenically altered landscapes in contrast to the active hunting exhibited by EWs in more intact habitats. While AWs cause economic damage to local farmers through livestock predation, they appear to play an important role in scavenging pest rodents among farmlands, a pattern of behaviour which likely mitigates direct and indirect competition with EWs. We suggest two routes to promote the coexistence of AWs and EWs in the Ethiopian highlands: local education efforts highlighting the complex role AWs play in highland ecosystems to reduce their persecution, and enforced protection of intact habitats to preserve habitat preferred by EWs.
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Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 2021
It is time to acknowledge and overcome conservation's deep-seated systemic racism, which has ... more It is time to acknowledge and overcome conservation's deep-seated systemic racism, which has historically marginalized Black, Indigenous and people of colour (BIPOC) communities and continues to do so. We describe how the mutually reinforcing ‘twin spheres’ of conservation science and conservation practice perpetuate this systemic racism. We trace how institutional structures in conservation science (e.g. degree programmes, support and advancement opportunities, course syllabuses) can systematically produce conservation graduates with partial and problematic conceptions of conservation's history and contemporary purposes. Many of these graduates go on to work in conservation practice, reproducing conservation's colonial history by contributing to programmes based on outmoded conservation models that disproportionately harm rural BIPOC communities and further restrict access and inclusion for BIPOC conservationists. We provide practical, actionable proposals for breaking ...
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Papers by Claudio Sillero-zubiri