OFFSET
1,2
COMMENTS
Conjecture: (i) The Diophantine equation pi(x^2) = y^2 with x > 0 and y > 0 has infinitely many solutions.
(ii) The only solutions to the Diophantine equation pi(x^m) = y^n with {m,n} = {2,3}, x > 0 and y > 0 are as follows:
pi(89^2) = 10^3, pi(2^3) = 2^2, pi(3^3) = 3^2, pi(14^3) = 20^2 and pi(1122^3) = 8401^2.
(iii) For m > 1 and n > 1 with m + n > 5, the equation pi(x^m) = y^n with x > 0 and y > 0 has no integral solution.
The conjecture seems reasonable in view of the heuristic arguments.
Part (ii) of the conjecture implies that the only terms of the current sequence are 1, 2, 3, 14 and 1122.
EXAMPLE
a(1) = 1 since pi(1^3) = 0^2.
a(2) = 2 since pi(2^3) = 2^2.
a(3) = 3 since pi(3^3) = 3^2.
a(4) = 14 since pi(14^3) = pi(2744) = 400 = 20^2.
a(5) = 1122 since pi(1122^3) = pi(1412467848) = 70576801 = 8401^2.
MATHEMATICA
SQ[n_]:=IntegerQ[Sqrt[n]]
f[n_]:=PrimePi[n^3]
n=0; Do[If[SQ[f[k]], n=n+1; Print[n, " ", k]], {k, 1, 1200}]
Select[Range[1200], IntegerQ[Sqrt[PrimePi[#^3]]]&] (* Harvey P. Dale, Aug 21 2024 *)
CROSSREFS
KEYWORD
nonn,more
AUTHOR
Zhi-Wei Sun, Sep 23 2015
STATUS
approved