OFFSET
2,1
COMMENTS
The X pattern (8c5s2 type) is a pattern in which 8 curves cover 5 coins, and is one of a total of 13 such distinct patterns that appear in a tightly-packed 3 X 3 square array of coins of identical size; each of the 8 curves is a circular arc lying along the edge of one of the 5 coins, and the 8 curves are joined end-to-end to form a continuous area.
a(n) is the total number of coins left (the coins out side X patterns) after packing X patterns into an n X n array of coins. The maximum number of X patterns that can be packed into an n X n array of coins is A231056 and voids left is A231065.
a(n) is also the total number of coins left after packing "+" patterns (8c5s1 type) into an n X n array of coins. See illustration in links.
LINKS
Kival Ngaokrajang, Illustration of initial terms (U)
FORMULA
Empirical g.f.: x^2*(5*x^15 -5*x^14 -5*x^12 +5*x^11 -5*x^10 +5*x^9 +4*x^5 +x^4 +4*x^3 +7*x^2 +4) / ((x -1)^2*(x^4 +x^3 +x^2 +x +1)). - Colin Barker, Nov 27 2013
PROG
(Small Basic)
x[2] = 0
d1[3] = 1
For n = 2 To 100
If Math.Remainder(n+2, 5) = 1 Then
d2 = 0
Else
If Math.Remainder(n+2, 5) = 4 Then
d2 = -1
else
d2 = 1
EndIf
EndIf
d1[n+2] = d1[n+1] + d2
x[n+1] = x[n] + d1[n+1]
If n >= 13 And Math.Remainder(n, 5) = 3 Then
x[n] = x[n] - 1
EndIf
If n=6 or n>=16 And Math.Remainder(n, 5)=1 Then
x[n] = x[n] + 1
EndIf
U = n*n - x[n]*5
TextWindow.Write(U+", ")
EndFor
CROSSREFS
KEYWORD
nonn
AUTHOR
Kival Ngaokrajang, Nov 03 2013
STATUS
approved