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A227403
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a(n) = Sum_{k=0..n} binomial(n^2, n*k) * binomial(n*k, k^2).
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6
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1, 2, 14, 1514, 1308582, 17304263902, 1362702892177706, 1323407909279927430346, 11218363871234340925730020646, 637467717878006909442727527733810142, 519660435252919757259949810325837093364580014, 2289503386759572781844843312201361014103189493095636611
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OFFSET
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0,2
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LINKS
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FORMULA
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a(n) = Sum_{k=0..n} (n^2)! / ( (n^2-n*k)! * (n*k-k^2)! * (k^2)! ).
Limit n->infinity a(n)^(1/n^2) = r^(-(1+r)^2/(2*r)) = 2.93544172048274..., where r = 0.6032326837741362... (see A237421) is the root of the equation (1-r)^(2*r) = r^(2*r+1). - Vaclav Kotesovec, Sep 21 2013
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EXAMPLE
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The following triangles illustrate the terms involved in the sum
Triangle A209330(n,k) = binomial(n^2, n*k) begins:
1;
1, 1;
1, 6, 1;
1, 84, 84, 1;
1, 1820, 12870, 1820, 1;
1, 53130, 3268760, 3268760, 53130, 1;
1, 1947792, 1251677700, 9075135300, 1251677700, 1947792, 1;
...
Triangle A228832(n,k) = binomial(n*k, k^2) begins:
1;
1, 1;
1, 2, 1;
1, 3, 15, 1;
1, 4, 70, 220, 1;
1, 5, 210, 5005, 4845, 1;
1, 6, 495, 48620, 735471, 142506, 1; ...
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MATHEMATICA
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Table[Sum[Binomial[n^2, n*k]*Binomial[n*k, k^2], {k, 0, n}], {n, 0, 10}] (* Vaclav Kotesovec, Sep 21 2013 *)
r^(-(1+r)^2/(2*r))/.FindRoot[(1-r)^(2*r) == r^(2*r+1), {r, 1/2}, WorkingPrecision->50] (* program for numerical value of the limit n->infinity a(n)^(1/n^2), Vaclav Kotesovec, Sep 21 2013 *)
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PROG
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(PARI) {a(n)=sum(k=0, n, binomial(n^2, n*k)*binomial(n*k, k^2))}
for(n=0, 20, print1(a(n), ", "))
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CROSSREFS
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KEYWORD
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nonn
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AUTHOR
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STATUS
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approved
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