UH-sektorens IKT-arkitekturprinsipper er en konkretisering av Difis overordnede IT arkitekturprin... more UH-sektorens IKT-arkitekturprinsipper er en konkretisering av Difis overordnede IT arkitekturprinsipper for offentlig sektor.
Novel ubiquitous computing applications such as intelligent vehicles, smart buildings, and traffi... more Novel ubiquitous computing applications such as intelligent vehicles, smart buildings, and traffic management require special properties that traditional computing applications do not support, such as context-awareness, massive decentralisation, autonomous behaviour, adaptivity, proactivity, and innate collaboration. This paper presents a new computational model and middleware that reflect support for the required the properties. The sentient object model is proposed by the CORTEX 1 project to support the construction of ubiquitous applications. A flexible, run-time reconfigurable component-based middleware has been built to provide run-time support to engineer the sentient object programming paradigm. An application infrastructure using sentient objects to enable cooperation between autonomous and proactive vehicles has been implemented to demonstrate the appropriateness of the computational model and the validity of the middleware for pervasive mobile ad hoc computing.
This chapter describes a requirement analysis framework that may be used as a tool for developing... more This chapter describes a requirement analysis framework that may be used as a tool for developing client-server systems for mobile workers. The framework concerns the initial analysis process for the development of a mobile system starting by describing scenarios of the work of mobile workers and resulting in a description of priorities both nonfunctional and functional requirements of the end-system. The framework describes a three step requirement process that includes 1) Elicit scenarios, 2) Scenario analysis, and 3) Requirement analysis. These steps will produce outputs that will be used to assess the requirements of the system. The requirement analysis process is described in detail through templates used to produce output and illustrating examples from the analysis of the development of mobile ITsupport system.
With advances in sensor-based computing and mobile communication, people have started to explore ... more With advances in sensor-based computing and mobile communication, people have started to explore ubiquitous or pervasive computing systems that aim to have computing devices literally available everywhere, making them disappear into the physical environment. Novel ubiquitous computing applications such as intelligent vehicles, smart buildings, and traffic management have special properties that traditional computing applications do not possess, such as context-awareness, massive decentralisation, autonomous behaviour, adaptivity, proactivity, and innate collaboration. In this paper we argue that such applications require a new computational model and middleware that can reflect the autonomy and spontaneity of cooperative entities. The EU funded CORTEX 1 project proposes the sentient object model to support the construction of such large-scale applications. We report on a flexible, run-time reconfigurable component based middleware that we have used to engineer the sentient object pr...
European Conference on Software Architecture, 2016
The architectural decision-making process is a complex and crucial endeavor in companies that dev... more The architectural decision-making process is a complex and crucial endeavor in companies that develop large and distributed software systems. In this process, choosing and evaluating a solution for each architectural issue depends on decision drivers. The drivers are mainly the business factors (e.g., cost, time-to-market, etc.) and software quality attributes (e.g., security, adaptability, etc.). This paper examines whether there is agreement among experts in associating (i.e., relating) architectural issues with relevant quality attributes. We conducted a survey with 37 experts from several industrial domains who, at least once a month, make one or more architectural decisions. The results show there is poor agreement among these experts in identifying and scoring relevant quality attributes for each architectural issue. Poor agreement implies that the associating task is subjective, and that experts inconsistently define and interpret the relevance of various quality attributes for a given architectural issue that may hurt the sustainability of their architectural decisions. This paper suggests that practitioners in their decision-making should employ approaches that are more systematic. The approaches should be supported by methods and tools designed to diminish the biases of intuitive, experience-based approaches of associating architectural issues with quality attributes.
Mobile devices have in the recent years been able to form peer-to-peer networks making it possibl... more Mobile devices have in the recent years been able to form peer-to-peer networks making it possible for people to share information and interact. This technology makes it possible to create new tools that initiate and improve human collaboration. The paper presents experiences from creating a prototype for spontaneous collaboration, supported through the appliance of peer-to-peer applications on wireless mobile devices with the ability to form ad-hoc wireless networks. The paper gives an example of an application that promotes human collaboration by using peer-topeer technology, and describes the technological challenges faced when implementing such applications. The paper reflects on some user tests that were carried out using this prototype.
Abstract. Is OSS undergoing a transformation to a more commercially viable form? We have performe... more Abstract. Is OSS undergoing a transformation to a more commercially viable form? We have performed a survey to investigate the adoption of OSS in the Norwegian software industry. The survey was based on an extensive screening of software companies, with more than 700 responses. Analysis shows that close to 50 % of the software industry integrate OSS components into vertical solutions serving all major business sectors. In addition, more than 30 % of the companies using OSS components have over 40 % of their income from OSS related services or software. The adoption of OSS in the software industry may be a precursor of the OSS adoption in other business sectors. 1
Abstract: This paper presents the Nidaros framework for developing location-aware applications th... more Abstract: This paper presents the Nidaros framework for developing location-aware applications that provide location dependent functionality based on the current location of the user. The framework can be used to develop location-dependent advertisement, city guides, guides for tourist attractions, etc. The framework consists of three main components: A runtime system that manages user locations and the interaction with the user clients; a creator tool that is used to map information and multimedia content to locations; and a logging tool that is used to log the movement of users to monitor the interest for certain locations. The paper also describes an implementation of a location-aware tour guide for the Nidaros Cathedral in Trondheim that can run on different mobile devices. Further, the paper describes experiences from installing, configuring, and running a location-aware tour guide in a real environment. A demonstration of the tour guide was tested on PDAs and mobile phones. Ke...
It is becoming clear that location-aware intelligent transportation systems will be one of the mo... more It is becoming clear that location-aware intelligent transportation systems will be one of the most promising upcoming applications for next generation vehicles. The driving force behind this is the introduction of pervasive high performance wireless networks and location sensing technologies, such as GPS and roadside detection systems. Intelligent transportation systems utilise inter-vehicle cooperation without human assistance to provide autonomous vehicle navigation from a given source to a predetermined destination. The resultant sentient vehicles are 'context-aware' autonomous cars that form cooperative 'flotillas' of peers using mobile ad hoc network environments (MANETs). In this paper we report on our experiences of building a component framework based middleware architecture designed to meet the challenges of such environments. We show how such a framework can be used to engineer a proof of concept cooperating sentient vehicle application, and highlight the ...
The rapid evolution in ubiquitous technologies has increased the demand and enabled for computati... more The rapid evolution in ubiquitous technologies has increased the demand and enabled for computational support of work anywhere, anytime. Mobility implies migrating computer systems from relatively static physical environments to highly dynamic and heterogeneous environments. The physical environment (including humans) is increasingly being instrumented with sensors, actuators, and other computing devices. These capture, contain, or represent different types of information and knowledge that can be used to monitor and infer different properties of the environment, both static and dynamic. The properties can be represented as explicit context information that can help support, monitor, manage, and coordinate work processes performed within that environment.This work concentrates on how to support work processes in mobile and dynamic environments. Dynamic context information has normally not been an integrated part of process support software. Such software has traditionally been built...
Abstract. The use of Off-The-Shelf software components in Component-Based Development implies man... more Abstract. The use of Off-The-Shelf software components in Component-Based Development implies many challenges. One of them is the lack of available and well-suited data to support selection of suitable OTS components. This paper proposes a feasible and incremental way to federate and reuse the different efforts for finding, selecting, and maintaining OTS components in a structured way. This is done not only for supporting OTS components selection, but also to overcome reported problems with the integration and maintenance of component repositories. It is based on the “open source collaboration ” idea to incrementally build an OTS components reuse infrastructure, enabling automatic support for OTS selection processes. Keywords: Off-the-Shelf components (OTS), Commercial-Off-The-Shelf (COTS), Open Source Software (OSS), open source collaboration, component selection, reuse. 1.
The popularity and evolution of mobile devices like laptops, mobile phones and Personal Digital A... more The popularity and evolution of mobile devices like laptops, mobile phones and Personal Digital Assistants (PDA), and the evolution of fast mobile networks in the last decade, have made it possible to increase the complexity of mobile applications and services provided to end-users. It is also a spectacular growth in multimedia communication especially via the World Wide Web. The current state of the art has however been that the user has to make a choice between mobility and multimedia due to non-functional limitations. This essay will explore some of the current technology of mobile devices, mobile networks and multimedia systems, and will based on the exploration outline some issues for development of mobile multimedia systems.
With advances in sensor-based computing and mobile communication, people have started to explore ... more With advances in sensor-based computing and mobile communication, people have started to explore ubiquitous or pervasive computing systems that aim to have computing devices literally available everywhere, making them disappear into the physical environment. Novel ubiquitous computing applications such as intelligent vehicles, smart buildings, and traffic management have special properties that traditional computing applications do not possess, such as context-awareness, massive decentralisation, autonomous behaviour, adaptivity, proactivity, and innate collaboration. In this paper we argue that these require a new computational model and middleware that can reflect the autonomy and spontaneity of cooperative entities. The EU funded CORTEX project proposes the sentient object model to support the construction of such large-scale applications. We report on a flexible, run-time reconfigurable component based middleware that we have used to engineer the sentient object programming para...
The rapid evolution in ubiquitous technologies has increased the demand and enabled for computati... more The rapid evolution in ubiquitous technologies has increased the demand and enabled for computational support of work anywhere, anytime. Mobility implies migrating computer systems from relatively static physical environments to highly dynamic and heterogeneous environments. The physical environment (including humans) is increasingly being instrumented with sensors, actuators, and other computing devices. These capture, contain, or represent different types of information and knowledge that can be used to monitor and infer different properties of the environment, both static and dynamic. The properties can be represented as explicit context information that can help support, monitor, manage, and coordinate work processes performed within that environment.This work concentrates on how to support work processes in mobile and dynamic environments. Dynamic context information has normally not been an integrated part of process support software. Such software has traditionally been built...
UH-sektorens IKT-arkitekturprinsipper er en konkretisering av Difis overordnede IT arkitekturprin... more UH-sektorens IKT-arkitekturprinsipper er en konkretisering av Difis overordnede IT arkitekturprinsipper for offentlig sektor.
Novel ubiquitous computing applications such as intelligent vehicles, smart buildings, and traffi... more Novel ubiquitous computing applications such as intelligent vehicles, smart buildings, and traffic management require special properties that traditional computing applications do not support, such as context-awareness, massive decentralisation, autonomous behaviour, adaptivity, proactivity, and innate collaboration. This paper presents a new computational model and middleware that reflect support for the required the properties. The sentient object model is proposed by the CORTEX 1 project to support the construction of ubiquitous applications. A flexible, run-time reconfigurable component-based middleware has been built to provide run-time support to engineer the sentient object programming paradigm. An application infrastructure using sentient objects to enable cooperation between autonomous and proactive vehicles has been implemented to demonstrate the appropriateness of the computational model and the validity of the middleware for pervasive mobile ad hoc computing.
This chapter describes a requirement analysis framework that may be used as a tool for developing... more This chapter describes a requirement analysis framework that may be used as a tool for developing client-server systems for mobile workers. The framework concerns the initial analysis process for the development of a mobile system starting by describing scenarios of the work of mobile workers and resulting in a description of priorities both nonfunctional and functional requirements of the end-system. The framework describes a three step requirement process that includes 1) Elicit scenarios, 2) Scenario analysis, and 3) Requirement analysis. These steps will produce outputs that will be used to assess the requirements of the system. The requirement analysis process is described in detail through templates used to produce output and illustrating examples from the analysis of the development of mobile ITsupport system.
With advances in sensor-based computing and mobile communication, people have started to explore ... more With advances in sensor-based computing and mobile communication, people have started to explore ubiquitous or pervasive computing systems that aim to have computing devices literally available everywhere, making them disappear into the physical environment. Novel ubiquitous computing applications such as intelligent vehicles, smart buildings, and traffic management have special properties that traditional computing applications do not possess, such as context-awareness, massive decentralisation, autonomous behaviour, adaptivity, proactivity, and innate collaboration. In this paper we argue that such applications require a new computational model and middleware that can reflect the autonomy and spontaneity of cooperative entities. The EU funded CORTEX 1 project proposes the sentient object model to support the construction of such large-scale applications. We report on a flexible, run-time reconfigurable component based middleware that we have used to engineer the sentient object pr...
European Conference on Software Architecture, 2016
The architectural decision-making process is a complex and crucial endeavor in companies that dev... more The architectural decision-making process is a complex and crucial endeavor in companies that develop large and distributed software systems. In this process, choosing and evaluating a solution for each architectural issue depends on decision drivers. The drivers are mainly the business factors (e.g., cost, time-to-market, etc.) and software quality attributes (e.g., security, adaptability, etc.). This paper examines whether there is agreement among experts in associating (i.e., relating) architectural issues with relevant quality attributes. We conducted a survey with 37 experts from several industrial domains who, at least once a month, make one or more architectural decisions. The results show there is poor agreement among these experts in identifying and scoring relevant quality attributes for each architectural issue. Poor agreement implies that the associating task is subjective, and that experts inconsistently define and interpret the relevance of various quality attributes for a given architectural issue that may hurt the sustainability of their architectural decisions. This paper suggests that practitioners in their decision-making should employ approaches that are more systematic. The approaches should be supported by methods and tools designed to diminish the biases of intuitive, experience-based approaches of associating architectural issues with quality attributes.
Mobile devices have in the recent years been able to form peer-to-peer networks making it possibl... more Mobile devices have in the recent years been able to form peer-to-peer networks making it possible for people to share information and interact. This technology makes it possible to create new tools that initiate and improve human collaboration. The paper presents experiences from creating a prototype for spontaneous collaboration, supported through the appliance of peer-to-peer applications on wireless mobile devices with the ability to form ad-hoc wireless networks. The paper gives an example of an application that promotes human collaboration by using peer-topeer technology, and describes the technological challenges faced when implementing such applications. The paper reflects on some user tests that were carried out using this prototype.
Abstract. Is OSS undergoing a transformation to a more commercially viable form? We have performe... more Abstract. Is OSS undergoing a transformation to a more commercially viable form? We have performed a survey to investigate the adoption of OSS in the Norwegian software industry. The survey was based on an extensive screening of software companies, with more than 700 responses. Analysis shows that close to 50 % of the software industry integrate OSS components into vertical solutions serving all major business sectors. In addition, more than 30 % of the companies using OSS components have over 40 % of their income from OSS related services or software. The adoption of OSS in the software industry may be a precursor of the OSS adoption in other business sectors. 1
Abstract: This paper presents the Nidaros framework for developing location-aware applications th... more Abstract: This paper presents the Nidaros framework for developing location-aware applications that provide location dependent functionality based on the current location of the user. The framework can be used to develop location-dependent advertisement, city guides, guides for tourist attractions, etc. The framework consists of three main components: A runtime system that manages user locations and the interaction with the user clients; a creator tool that is used to map information and multimedia content to locations; and a logging tool that is used to log the movement of users to monitor the interest for certain locations. The paper also describes an implementation of a location-aware tour guide for the Nidaros Cathedral in Trondheim that can run on different mobile devices. Further, the paper describes experiences from installing, configuring, and running a location-aware tour guide in a real environment. A demonstration of the tour guide was tested on PDAs and mobile phones. Ke...
It is becoming clear that location-aware intelligent transportation systems will be one of the mo... more It is becoming clear that location-aware intelligent transportation systems will be one of the most promising upcoming applications for next generation vehicles. The driving force behind this is the introduction of pervasive high performance wireless networks and location sensing technologies, such as GPS and roadside detection systems. Intelligent transportation systems utilise inter-vehicle cooperation without human assistance to provide autonomous vehicle navigation from a given source to a predetermined destination. The resultant sentient vehicles are 'context-aware' autonomous cars that form cooperative 'flotillas' of peers using mobile ad hoc network environments (MANETs). In this paper we report on our experiences of building a component framework based middleware architecture designed to meet the challenges of such environments. We show how such a framework can be used to engineer a proof of concept cooperating sentient vehicle application, and highlight the ...
The rapid evolution in ubiquitous technologies has increased the demand and enabled for computati... more The rapid evolution in ubiquitous technologies has increased the demand and enabled for computational support of work anywhere, anytime. Mobility implies migrating computer systems from relatively static physical environments to highly dynamic and heterogeneous environments. The physical environment (including humans) is increasingly being instrumented with sensors, actuators, and other computing devices. These capture, contain, or represent different types of information and knowledge that can be used to monitor and infer different properties of the environment, both static and dynamic. The properties can be represented as explicit context information that can help support, monitor, manage, and coordinate work processes performed within that environment.This work concentrates on how to support work processes in mobile and dynamic environments. Dynamic context information has normally not been an integrated part of process support software. Such software has traditionally been built...
Abstract. The use of Off-The-Shelf software components in Component-Based Development implies man... more Abstract. The use of Off-The-Shelf software components in Component-Based Development implies many challenges. One of them is the lack of available and well-suited data to support selection of suitable OTS components. This paper proposes a feasible and incremental way to federate and reuse the different efforts for finding, selecting, and maintaining OTS components in a structured way. This is done not only for supporting OTS components selection, but also to overcome reported problems with the integration and maintenance of component repositories. It is based on the “open source collaboration ” idea to incrementally build an OTS components reuse infrastructure, enabling automatic support for OTS selection processes. Keywords: Off-the-Shelf components (OTS), Commercial-Off-The-Shelf (COTS), Open Source Software (OSS), open source collaboration, component selection, reuse. 1.
The popularity and evolution of mobile devices like laptops, mobile phones and Personal Digital A... more The popularity and evolution of mobile devices like laptops, mobile phones and Personal Digital Assistants (PDA), and the evolution of fast mobile networks in the last decade, have made it possible to increase the complexity of mobile applications and services provided to end-users. It is also a spectacular growth in multimedia communication especially via the World Wide Web. The current state of the art has however been that the user has to make a choice between mobility and multimedia due to non-functional limitations. This essay will explore some of the current technology of mobile devices, mobile networks and multimedia systems, and will based on the exploration outline some issues for development of mobile multimedia systems.
With advances in sensor-based computing and mobile communication, people have started to explore ... more With advances in sensor-based computing and mobile communication, people have started to explore ubiquitous or pervasive computing systems that aim to have computing devices literally available everywhere, making them disappear into the physical environment. Novel ubiquitous computing applications such as intelligent vehicles, smart buildings, and traffic management have special properties that traditional computing applications do not possess, such as context-awareness, massive decentralisation, autonomous behaviour, adaptivity, proactivity, and innate collaboration. In this paper we argue that these require a new computational model and middleware that can reflect the autonomy and spontaneity of cooperative entities. The EU funded CORTEX project proposes the sentient object model to support the construction of such large-scale applications. We report on a flexible, run-time reconfigurable component based middleware that we have used to engineer the sentient object programming para...
The rapid evolution in ubiquitous technologies has increased the demand and enabled for computati... more The rapid evolution in ubiquitous technologies has increased the demand and enabled for computational support of work anywhere, anytime. Mobility implies migrating computer systems from relatively static physical environments to highly dynamic and heterogeneous environments. The physical environment (including humans) is increasingly being instrumented with sensors, actuators, and other computing devices. These capture, contain, or represent different types of information and knowledge that can be used to monitor and infer different properties of the environment, both static and dynamic. The properties can be represented as explicit context information that can help support, monitor, manage, and coordinate work processes performed within that environment.This work concentrates on how to support work processes in mobile and dynamic environments. Dynamic context information has normally not been an integrated part of process support software. Such software has traditionally been built...
Uploads
Papers